WO2019002762A1 - Multilayer seal - Google Patents

Multilayer seal Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019002762A1
WO2019002762A1 PCT/FR2018/051570 FR2018051570W WO2019002762A1 WO 2019002762 A1 WO2019002762 A1 WO 2019002762A1 FR 2018051570 W FR2018051570 W FR 2018051570W WO 2019002762 A1 WO2019002762 A1 WO 2019002762A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seal
main body
layer
gas
mechanical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2018/051570
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Yann Goerger
Original Assignee
Centre Technique Des Industries Mecaniques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centre Technique Des Industries Mecaniques filed Critical Centre Technique Des Industries Mecaniques
Publication of WO2019002762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019002762A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/10Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
    • F16J15/104Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing characterised by structure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/021Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing
    • F16J15/022Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/10Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
    • F16J15/12Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
    • F16J15/128Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal covering
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3208Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip provided with tension elements, e.g. elastic rings
    • F16J15/3212Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip provided with tension elements, e.g. elastic rings with metal springs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3232Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips
    • F16J15/3236Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips with at least one lip for each surface, e.g. U-cup packings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3284Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multilayer seal.
  • the seals are intended to be installed in contact with the two mechanical parts cooperating with each other so as to separate the space between these two parts, in two parts, in a sealed manner.
  • a sealing device In order to function, a sealing device must have a flexibility, allowing it to compensate for the micromovements of the mechanism to be sealed, and an elastic return, allowing it to be clamped sufficiently to contain the product to be sealed.
  • the joints are generally made of a main body closed on itself, for example of toric shape, or of any other closed annular shape, which is obtained in an elastic material (for example an elastomer).
  • the main body can also be made of another material, for example a metal by defining a geometrically obtained flexibility.
  • the main body is adapted to contact the two parts so as to create a separation of space, and the elastomeric contact layer is intended to compensate for contact imperfections between the surfaces of the main body and the mechanical parts.
  • seals provide a seal to liquids, such as water or oil
  • the gastightness is not fully assured, since the gas can be made to travel through the material. constituting the seal (phenomenon of permeability of the elastomers), or that it can travel at the interface between the seal is the counter-face if the seal is constituted material that is too hard to seal surface defects (which may occur for rigid metal and polymer joints).
  • the metal joints because of their rigidity, can not be used for mounting with radial clamping.
  • a seal with a multilayer structure intended to be inserted in a space between two mechanical parts so as to seal said space in two parts; said seal comprising a main body restoring a mechanical stress consecutive to the clamping between said two mechanical parts, a contact layer to compensate for surface imperfections between said main body and said two parts.
  • the seal further comprises a layer of gas impermeable material between said main body and said contact layer.
  • a layer of gas impermeable material between said main body and said contact layer.
  • this layer of gas-impermeable material may be disposed at the periphery and / or inserted in the main body.
  • the seal for static and / or mobile connections such as a rotating shaft inserted into a support bearing (rotational movement) or such as a cylinder rod and its body (translational movement).
  • said main body has two circumferential faces and two radially and circumferentially extending faces, said main body being covered by said layer of gas-impermeable material on a radially and circumferentially extending face.
  • said layer of gas-impermeable material on a radially and circumferentially extending face.
  • said layer of gas impermeable material has two radially opposite edges and each extending in return from radial ends of a cover portion of the covered radial and circumferential extension face, said edges being inserted between said main body and a separate contact layer.
  • the layer of gas impermeable material can be maintained in a relatively simple manner against the main body while optimizing gas seal performance.
  • said main body is made of an elastomeric material.
  • This elastomeric material is in particular optimized for its mechanical characterizations and its physico-chemical behavior.
  • the seal can be relatively inexpensive to produce.
  • said main body comprises a mechanical spring.
  • said layer of gas-impermeable material comprises a flexible polymer film.
  • the seal can be relatively light and inexpensive to produce.
  • said layer of gas impermeable material comprises a metal film.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a seal according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a seal according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • a mechanical device 2 comprises two mechanical parts 3, 4 installed one in the vicinity of the other.
  • a seal 1 with a multilayer structure is installed between these two mechanical parts 3, 4 so as to seal the liquids and gases space
  • a gas flow F further engages between the two mechanical parts 3, 4 and is stopped by the seal 1.
  • the first mechanical part 4 and the second mechanical part 3 are static parts, also called interface parts 3, 4.
  • the space 5 between the two mechanical parts corresponds to the volume defining the clearance between Room 3 and Room 4.
  • seal 1 for interface pieces 3, 4, however the seal 1 can be adapted for any other use, mobile or static, for example as a connecting joint of two pipes.
  • the seal 1 as described in the embodiments below is not limited to its use, while prohibiting the passage through the bearing of liquid and gas.
  • the bearing 5 has an internal groove 51 in which is partially housed the seal 1, so that it projects radially in contact with the shaft 4.
  • the seal 1 is in this first embodiment of circular shape and closed.
  • the seal 1 comprises a main body 10, a contact layer 11, 11 'and a layer of gas-impermeable material 12.
  • the main body 10 is annular in shape, of substantially square cross section. However, this main body 10 may be of any other form of adapted section, for example rectangular, circular, shaped "U” or "X".
  • the main body 10 has an inner circumferential face 102 facing the shaft 4, an outer circumferential face 104, facing the second mechanical part 3, and two faces 101, 103, the opposite of the other. the other of the main body 10 in the axial direction of the shaft 4.
  • the symmetry axes of the seal 1 may be on the left of the figure (radial clamping - rod assembly), on the right of the figure (radial clamping - piston assembly), at the top of the figure (axial clamping - external pressure) or at the bottom of the figure (radial clamping - internal pressure)
  • the faces 101, 103 are hereinafter referred to as radial faces 101, 103, since they extend at least partially in a circumferential direction and radial with respect to the axis of the shaft 4, and at least partly perpendicular to the inner circumferential face 102 and outer faces 104.
  • the radial faces 101, 103 may be partially non-planar, for example to define in the main body a notch as defined below.
  • a first radial face 101 extends between the two inner circumferential faces 102 and outer 104 to the side where the gas flow F is stopped by the seal 1, while the second radial face 103 extends between the two inner circumferential faces 102 and outer 104 opposite the first radial face 101.
  • the main body 10 has, on the first radial face 101, a U-shaped notch, allowing the gas flow F to create a pressure leading the seal 1 bearing against an upper wall 52 of the internal groove 51 of the bearing 5, in parallel in the main direction of flow of this gas stream F, so as to produce an autoclave effect of the seal 1, which improves the gas and liquid tightness.
  • the main body 10 is here made of an elastomer material optimized for its mechanical characteristics and that for all configurations of use (high and low temperature for example), obtained in one piece. Also, the main body 10 is a liquid-tight body, but because of the intrinsic permeability of the material, not completely impermeable to gases.
  • these contact layers 11 ', 11 are additional elements in the form of closed ribbons 11, 11' of contact, respectively conforming to the inner radius of the inner circumferential face 102 and the outer radius of the outer circumferential face 104. of the main body 10.
  • the contact layer 1 1, 1 1 ' is here made of an elastomeric material having characteristics suitable for minimizing the phenomenon of permeability, reported on the layer 12, conforming to the shapes and fill the imperfections of the respective walls of the parts 3 and 4.
  • the seal 1 is a gasket, it is possible for example to make the contact layers 1 1, 1 1 'with a self-adhesive butyl sealant.
  • the main body 10 whose material is chosen to optimize the mechanical performance, remains permeable to gas, is installed between the strips 1 1, 1 1 'and the main body 10, a layer 12 of gas impermeable material.
  • this layer of gas impermeable material 12 is a tight film 12 made of a polymeric or metallic material.
  • the waterproof film 12 may be made, inter alia, of one of these polymer materials:
  • EVOH ethylene vinyl alcohol
  • the waterproof film 12 may also be a gas impermeable metal film.
  • the gas-tight film 12 is thus inserted between the strips 1 1, 1 1 'and the main body 10, and extends between these two strips 1 1, 1 1' so as to cover the first radial face 101.
  • the tight film 12 has two edges 121, 122 extending substantially in return from a covering portion 123 covering the first radial face 101.
  • the two edges 121, 122 are respectively held between the main body 10 and the contact strips 1 1, 1 1 '.
  • the waterproof film 12 is held firmly against the main body 10 to ensure a gas seal of the seal 1, in particular to prevent the gas from passing through the main body 10.
  • the gas-tight film 12 inserted between the strips 1 1, 1 1 'and the main body 10 can be arranged so as to cover the second radial face 103. In this case, the gas passes through first the main body 10 before being stopped by the tight film 12.
  • the main body 210 comprises a spring 21 1 creating a lateral tension between the two mechanical parts 3, 4, so as to create a lateral tension of the joint between these two faces.
  • the spring 21 1 is according to a particular embodiment, covered with a layer of elastomeric material.
  • the spring 21 1 is a helical spring, closed, so as to form a radially expandable torus. This spring 21 1 is thus mounted around the shaft 4 thus creating a holding voltage.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a seal (1) having a multilayer structure, which is intended to be fitted in a space (5) between two mechanical components (3, 4) so as to divide said space (5) into two parts in a sealed manner; said seal (1) comprising a main body (10) that restores the mechanical forces between said two mechanical components (3, 4), a contact layer (11, 111) for compensating for surface imperfections between said main body (10) and said two components (3, 4); wherein said seal also comprises a gas-impermeable layer of material (12) fitted between said main body (10) and said contact layer (11, 111). The seal has a circular and closed shape; and said main body (10) has two circumferential faces (102, 104) and two radially and circumferentially extending faces (101, 103), said main body (10) being covered by said gas-impermeable layer of material on one radially and circumferentially extending face (101, 103).

Description

Joint d'étanchéité multicouche  Multilayer seal
La présente invention se rapporte à un joint d'étanchéité multicouche.The present invention relates to a multilayer seal.
Les joints sont destinés à être installés au contact des deux pièces mécaniques coopérant l'une avec l'autre de sorte à séparer l'espace entre ces deux pièces, en deux parties, de manière étanche. The seals are intended to be installed in contact with the two mechanical parts cooperating with each other so as to separate the space between these two parts, in two parts, in a sealed manner.
On distingue notamment les joints statiques destinés à être installés entre deux pièces immobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre, par exemple dans le cas d'un raccord de deux brides, et les joints mobiles destinés à être installés entre deux pièces mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre, par exemple dans le cadre d'un arbre tournant inséré dans un palier de support (mouvement en rotation) ou encore entre une tige de vérin et son corps (mouvement en translation).  In particular, there are static seals intended to be installed between two immovable parts relative to one another, for example in the case of a connection of two flanges, and the mobile joints intended to be installed between two moving parts. relative to each other, for example in the context of a rotating shaft inserted in a support bearing (rotational movement) or between a cylinder rod and its body (translational movement).
Pour fonctionner, un dispositif d'étanchéité doit avoir une souplesse, lui permettant de compenser les micromouvements du mécanisme à étancher, et une restitution élastique, lui permettant un serrage suffisant pour contenir le produit à étancher. Pour se faire, les joints sont généralement faits d'un corps principal refermé sur lui-même, par exemple de forme torique, ou de toute autre forme annulaire fermée, lequel est obtenue dans un matériau élastique (par exemple un élastomère).  In order to function, a sealing device must have a flexibility, allowing it to compensate for the micromovements of the mechanism to be sealed, and an elastic return, allowing it to be clamped sufficiently to contain the product to be sealed. To do this, the joints are generally made of a main body closed on itself, for example of toric shape, or of any other closed annular shape, which is obtained in an elastic material (for example an elastomer).
Le corps principal, peut aussi être fait d'un autre matériau, par exemple un métal en définissant une souplesse obtenue géométriquement.  The main body can also be made of another material, for example a metal by defining a geometrically obtained flexibility.
Il est connu par ailleurs de recouvrir le corps principal d'une couche de contact élastomère. Ainsi, le corps principal est adapté pour mettre en contact les deux pièces de sorte à créer une séparation de l'espace, et la couche de contact élastomère est destinée à compenser les imperfections de contact entre les surfaces du corps principal et les pièces mécaniques.  It is also known to cover the main body with an elastomeric contact layer. Thus, the main body is adapted to contact the two parts so as to create a separation of space, and the elastomeric contact layer is intended to compensate for contact imperfections between the surfaces of the main body and the mechanical parts.
On connaît notamment un tel joint du document EP0473085 qui décrit un corps principal fait d'un ressort hélicoïdal recouvert d'une couche élastomère.  Such a seal is particularly known from EP0473085 which describes a main body made of a helical spring covered with an elastomeric layer.
Cependant, bien que de tels joints assurent une étanchéité aux liquides, tel que l'eau ou l'huile, l'étanchéité aux gaz n'est quant à elle pas totalement assurée, puisque le gaz peut être amené à cheminer à travers la matière constituant le joint (phénomène de perméabilité des élastomères), ou qu'il peut cheminer à l'interface entre le joint est la contre-face si le joint est constitué d'une matière trop dure pour obturer les défauts de surface (cas pouvant apparaître pour les joints métalliques et polymères rigides). Par ailleurs, les joints métalliques, du fait de leur rigidité, ne peuvent pas être utilisés pour des montages avec serrage radial. However, although such seals provide a seal to liquids, such as water or oil, the gastightness is not fully assured, since the gas can be made to travel through the material. constituting the seal (phenomenon of permeability of the elastomers), or that it can travel at the interface between the seal is the counter-face if the seal is constituted material that is too hard to seal surface defects (which may occur for rigid metal and polymer joints). Furthermore, the metal joints, because of their rigidity, can not be used for mounting with radial clamping.
II existe donc le besoin d'un joint permettant d'assurer, en plus de l'étanchéité aux liquides, une étanchéité aux gaz.  There is therefore the need for a seal to ensure, in addition to the liquid tightness, a gas tightness.
A cet effet, on propose un joint d'étanchéité à structure multicouche, destiné à être inséré dans un espace entre deux pièces mécaniques de sorte à séparer de manière étanche ledit espace en deux parties; ledit joint d'étanchéité comprenant un corps principal restituant un effort mécanique consécutif au serrage entre lesdites deux pièces mécaniques, une couche de contact pour compenser les imperfections de surface entre ledit corps principal et lesdites deux pièces.  For this purpose, there is provided a seal with a multilayer structure, intended to be inserted in a space between two mechanical parts so as to seal said space in two parts; said seal comprising a main body restoring a mechanical stress consecutive to the clamping between said two mechanical parts, a contact layer to compensate for surface imperfections between said main body and said two parts.
Le joint comprend en outre une couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz entre ledit corps principal et ladite couche de contact. Ainsi, on peut obtenir un joint permettant d'assurer en plus de l'étanchéité aux liquides, une étanchéité aux gaz. On peut par exemple disposer cette couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz en périphérie et/ou inséré dans le corps principal.  The seal further comprises a layer of gas impermeable material between said main body and said contact layer. Thus, one can obtain a seal to ensure in addition to the liquid tightness, gas tightness. For example, this layer of gas-impermeable material may be disposed at the periphery and / or inserted in the main body.
Avantageusement et de manière non limitative, présente une forme circulaire et fermée. Ainsi, on peut en particulier employer le joint pour des liaisons statiques et/ou mobiles tel qu'un arbre tournant inséré dans un palier de support (mouvement en rotation) ou tel qu'une tige de vérin et son corps (mouvement en translation).  Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, has a circular and closed shape. Thus, it is possible in particular to use the seal for static and / or mobile connections such as a rotating shaft inserted into a support bearing (rotational movement) or such as a cylinder rod and its body (translational movement). .
Avantageusement et de manière non limitative, ledit corps principal présente deux faces circonférentielles et deux faces d'extension radiale et circonférentielle, ledit corps principal étant recouvert par ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz sur une face d'extension radiale et circonférentielle. Ainsi on peut interdire le passage des gaz au travers du corps principal, tout en limitant la quantité de matériau nécessaire pour la couche de matériau imperméable au gaz, seul une partie du corps principal étant recouverte.  Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, said main body has two circumferential faces and two radially and circumferentially extending faces, said main body being covered by said layer of gas-impermeable material on a radially and circumferentially extending face. Thus one can prohibit the passage of gas through the main body, while limiting the amount of material required for the layer of gas impermeable material, only part of the main body being covered.
Avantageusement et de manière non limitative, ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz présente deux bordures opposées radialement et s'étendant chacune en retour d'extrémités radiales d'une portion de couverture de la face d'extension radiale et circonférentielle recouverte, lesdites bordures étant insérées entre ledit corps principal et une couche de contact distincte. Ainsi, on peut maintenir de manière relativement simple la couche de matériau imperméable au gaz, contre le corps principal tout en optimisant les performances d'étanchéité au gaz du joint. Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, said layer of gas impermeable material has two radially opposite edges and each extending in return from radial ends of a cover portion of the covered radial and circumferential extension face, said edges being inserted between said main body and a separate contact layer. Thus, the layer of gas impermeable material can be maintained in a relatively simple manner against the main body while optimizing gas seal performance.
Avantageusement et de manière non limitative, ledit corps principal est fait d'un matériau élastomère. Ce matériau élastomère est en particulier optimisé pour ses caractérisations mécaniques et sa tenue physico-chimique. Ainsi, le joint peut être relativement peu coûteux à produire.  Advantageously and without limitation, said main body is made of an elastomeric material. This elastomeric material is in particular optimized for its mechanical characterizations and its physico-chemical behavior. Thus, the seal can be relatively inexpensive to produce.
Avantageusement et de manière non limitative, ledit corps principal comprend un ressort mécanique. Ainsi, on peut définir de manière plus simple les efforts de restitution du joint contre les pièces mécaniques lors qu'il est comprimé.  Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, said main body comprises a mechanical spring. Thus, one can more easily define the efforts of restitution of the seal against the mechanical parts when it is compressed.
Avantageusement et de manière non limitative, ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz comprend un film polymère souple. Ainsi, le joint peut être relativement léger et peu coûteux à produire.  Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, said layer of gas-impermeable material comprises a flexible polymer film. Thus, the seal can be relatively light and inexpensive to produce.
Selon une alternative, ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz comprend un film de métal.  Alternatively, said layer of gas impermeable material comprises a metal film.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description faite ci-après, en référence aux dessins annexés pour lesquels :  Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the description given below, with reference to the appended drawings for which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un joint selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;  - Figure 1 is a sectional view of a seal according to a first embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un joint selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 2 is a sectional view of a seal according to a second embodiment of the invention.
En référence à la figure 1 , selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, un dispositif mécanique 2 comprends deux pièces mécaniques 3, 4 installées l'une au voisinage de l'autre.  Referring to Figure 1, according to a first embodiment of the invention, a mechanical device 2 comprises two mechanical parts 3, 4 installed one in the vicinity of the other.
Un joint d'étanchéité 1 à structure multicouche est installé entre ces deux pièces mécaniques 3, 4 de sorte à étanchéifier aux liquides et aux gaz l'espace A seal 1 with a multilayer structure is installed between these two mechanical parts 3, 4 so as to seal the liquids and gases space
5 entre ces deux pièces mécaniques 3, 4. Un flux gazeux F s'engage en outre entre les deux pièces mécaniques 3, 4 et est stoppé par le joint d'étanchéité 1 . 5 between these two mechanical parts 3, 4. A gas flow F further engages between the two mechanical parts 3, 4 and is stopped by the seal 1.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, la première pièce mécanique 4 et la seconde pièce mécanique 3 sont des pièces statiques, aussi appelées pièces d'interface 3, 4. Ainsi, l'espace 5 entre les deux pièces mécaniques correspond au volume définissant le jeu entre la pièce 3 et la pièce 4.  In this embodiment, the first mechanical part 4 and the second mechanical part 3 are static parts, also called interface parts 3, 4. Thus, the space 5 between the two mechanical parts corresponds to the volume defining the clearance between Room 3 and Room 4.
L'ensemble de la description ci-après est effectuée en référence à un joint 1 pour des pièces d'interface 3, 4, cependant le joint 1 peut être adapté pour toute autre utilisation, mobile ou statique, par exemple comme joint de raccord de deux canalisations. Le joint 1 tel que décrit dans les modes de réalisation ci- après n'est aucunement limité à son utilisation, tout en interdisant le passage au travers du palier de liquide et de gaz.  The whole of the following description is made with reference to a seal 1 for interface pieces 3, 4, however the seal 1 can be adapted for any other use, mobile or static, for example as a connecting joint of two pipes. The seal 1 as described in the embodiments below is not limited to its use, while prohibiting the passage through the bearing of liquid and gas.
Pour installer le joint d'étanchéité 1 , le palier 5, présente une gorge interne 51 dans laquelle est logé en partie le joint 1 , de sorte qu'il ressorte en saillie radiale au contact de l'arbre 4.  To install the seal 1, the bearing 5 has an internal groove 51 in which is partially housed the seal 1, so that it projects radially in contact with the shaft 4.
Le joint d'étanchéité 1 est dans ce premier mode de réalisation de forme circulaire et fermée.  The seal 1 is in this first embodiment of circular shape and closed.
Le joint d'étanchéité 1 comprend un corps principal 10, une couche de contact 1 1 , 1 1 ' et une couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz 12.  The seal 1 comprises a main body 10, a contact layer 11, 11 'and a layer of gas-impermeable material 12.
Le corps principal 10 est de forme annulaire, de section droite sensiblement carré. Cependant, ce corps principal 10 peut être de toute autre forme de section adaptée, par exemple rectangulaire, circulaire, en forme de "U'Ou de "X".  The main body 10 is annular in shape, of substantially square cross section. However, this main body 10 may be of any other form of adapted section, for example rectangular, circular, shaped "U" or "X".
Ainsi, le corps principal 10 présente une face circonférentielle interne 102 en regard de l'arbre 4, une face circonférentielle externe 104, en regard de la deuxième pièce mécanique 3, et deux faces 101 , 103, à l'opposé l'une de l'autre du corps principal 10 dans la direction axiale de l'arbre 4.  Thus, the main body 10 has an inner circumferential face 102 facing the shaft 4, an outer circumferential face 104, facing the second mechanical part 3, and two faces 101, 103, the opposite of the other. the other of the main body 10 in the axial direction of the shaft 4.
En référence à la figure 1 , les axes de symétries du joint 1 peuvent être à gauche de la figure (serrage radial - montage tige) , à droite de la figure (serrage radial - montage piston), en haut de la figure (serrage axial - pression externe) ou en bas de la figure (serrage radial - pression interne) « Les faces 101 , 103 sont appelées dans la suite de la description faces radiales 101 , 103, car elles s'étendent au moins partiellement dans une direction circonférentielle et radiale par rapport à l'axe de l'arbre 4, et au moins en partie perpendiculairement aux faces face circonférentielle interne 102 et externe 104. With reference to FIG. 1, the symmetry axes of the seal 1 may be on the left of the figure (radial clamping - rod assembly), on the right of the figure (radial clamping - piston assembly), at the top of the figure (axial clamping - external pressure) or at the bottom of the figure (radial clamping - internal pressure) "The faces 101, 103 are hereinafter referred to as radial faces 101, 103, since they extend at least partially in a circumferential direction and radial with respect to the axis of the shaft 4, and at least partly perpendicular to the inner circumferential face 102 and outer faces 104.
Les faces radiales 101 , 103, peuvent être partiellement non planes, par exemple pour définir dans le corps principal une entaille telle que défini ci- après.  The radial faces 101, 103 may be partially non-planar, for example to define in the main body a notch as defined below.
Une première face radiale 101 s'étend entre les deux faces circonférentielles interne 102 et externe 104 vers le côté ou le flux gazeux F est stoppé par le joint 1 , tandis que la deuxième face radiale 103 s'étend entre les deux faces circonférentielles interne 102 et externe 104 à l'opposé de la première face radiale 101 .  A first radial face 101 extends between the two inner circumferential faces 102 and outer 104 to the side where the gas flow F is stopped by the seal 1, while the second radial face 103 extends between the two inner circumferential faces 102 and outer 104 opposite the first radial face 101.
Le corps principal 10 présente, sur la première face radiale 101 , une entaille en forme de U, permettant au flux gazeux F de créer une pression conduisant le joint 1 en appui contre une paroi supérieure 52 de la gorge interne 51 du palier 5, parallèlement à la direction principale d'écoulement de ce flux gazeux F, de sorte à produire un effet autoclave du joint 1 , qui améliore ainsi l'étanchéité aux gaz et au liquides.  The main body 10 has, on the first radial face 101, a U-shaped notch, allowing the gas flow F to create a pressure leading the seal 1 bearing against an upper wall 52 of the internal groove 51 of the bearing 5, in parallel in the main direction of flow of this gas stream F, so as to produce an autoclave effect of the seal 1, which improves the gas and liquid tightness.
Le corps principal 10 est ici fait d'un matériau élastomère optimisé pour ses caractéristiques mécanique et cela pour toutes les configurations d'utilisation (haute et basse température par exemple), obtenu d'une seule pièce. Aussi, le corps principal 10 est un corps étanche aux liquides, mais du fait de la perméabilité intrinsèque du matériau, pas totalement imperméable aux gaz.  The main body 10 is here made of an elastomer material optimized for its mechanical characteristics and that for all configurations of use (high and low temperature for example), obtained in one piece. Also, the main body 10 is a liquid-tight body, but because of the intrinsic permeability of the material, not completely impermeable to gases.
Comme les faces des pièces d'interface 3 et 4 ne sont pas parfaitement planes dans la zone d'application du joint 1 , du fait des usinages pratiqués, on installe sur chacune des deux faces circonférentielles 102, 104 une couche de contact 1 1 , 1 1 ' compensant les imperfections surfaciques des pièces 3 et 4.  As the faces of the interface pieces 3 and 4 are not perfectly flat in the area of application of the seal 1, because of the machining operations, is installed on each of the two circumferential faces 102, 104 a contact layer 1 1, 1 'compensating surface imperfections of parts 3 and 4.
Ici ces couches de contact 1 1 ', 1 1 sont des éléments additionnels en forme de rubans fermés 1 1 , 1 1 ' de contact, épousant respectivement le rayon interne de la face circonférentielle interne 102 et le rayon externe de la face circonférentielle externe 104 du corps principal 10.  Here, these contact layers 11 ', 11 are additional elements in the form of closed ribbons 11, 11' of contact, respectively conforming to the inner radius of the inner circumferential face 102 and the outer radius of the outer circumferential face 104. of the main body 10.
Ces rubans 1 1 , 1 1 ' sont d'une épaisseur adaptée pour s'insérer de part et d'autre du corps principal 10, de sorte à assurer une bonne reprise des imperfections surfaciques des pièces 3 et 4, mais suffisamment fine pour que ces rubans 1 1 , 1 1 ' limiter au maximum l'effet de la perméabilité. These strips 1 1, 1 1 'are of a thickness adapted to fit on either side of the main body 10, so as to ensure a good recovery of surface imperfections of the parts 3 and 4, but sufficiently fine so that these ribbons 1 1, 1 1 'to limit the maximum effect of the permeability.
La couche de contact 1 1 , 1 1 ' est ici faite d'un matériau élastomère ayant des caractéristiques appropriée pour limiter au maximum le phénomène de perméabilité, rapporté sur la couche 12, venant épouser les formes et combler les imperfections des parois respectives des pièces 3 et 4.  The contact layer 1 1, 1 1 'is here made of an elastomeric material having characteristics suitable for minimizing the phenomenon of permeability, reported on the layer 12, conforming to the shapes and fill the imperfections of the respective walls of the parts 3 and 4.
Lorsque le joint 1 est un joint statique, on peut par exemple réaliser les couches de contact 1 1 , 1 1 ' avec un mastic butyle autocollant.  When the seal 1 is a gasket, it is possible for example to make the contact layers 1 1, 1 1 'with a self-adhesive butyl sealant.
Ici les bandes 1 1 , 1 1 ' s'étendent sur toute la hauteur du corps principal 10, selon l'axe de rotation de l'arbre 4.  Here the strips 1 1, 1 1 'extend over the entire height of the main body 10, along the axis of rotation of the shaft 4.
Aussi, eu égard à la compression radiale exercée sur ces bandes par le corps principal 10 contre les pièces 3 et 4, et compte tenu de la largeur des bandes 1 1 , 1 1 ' importante par rapport à leur épaisseur (rapport de l'ordre d'au moins 1/10), le passage de gaz au travers de ces bandes 1 1 , 1 1 ' est extrêmement réduit, même si leur matériau est très légèrement perméable aux gaz.  Also, with regard to the radial compression exerted on these strips by the main body 10 against the parts 3 and 4, and taking into account the width of the strips 1 1, 1 1 'significant compared to their thickness (order ratio of at least 1/10), the passage of gas through these strips 1 1, 1 1 'is extremely reduced, even if their material is very slightly permeable to gases.
Cependant, comme le corps principal 10, dont la matière est choisie pour optimiser les performances mécaniques, demeure perméable aux gaz, on installe entre les bandes 1 1 , 1 1 ' et le corps principal 10, une couche 12 de matériau imperméable aux gaz.  However, since the main body 10, whose material is chosen to optimize the mechanical performance, remains permeable to gas, is installed between the strips 1 1, 1 1 'and the main body 10, a layer 12 of gas impermeable material.
Ici, cette couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz 12 est un film étanche 12 fait d'un matériau polymère ou métallique.  Here, this layer of gas impermeable material 12 is a tight film 12 made of a polymeric or metallic material.
Le film étanche 12 peut être fait, entre autre, de l'un de ces matériaux polymère :  The waterproof film 12 may be made, inter alia, of one of these polymer materials:
- EVOH (éthylène-alcool vinylique) ;  EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol);
PVDC (polychlorure de vinylidène) de formule chimique (CH2- PVDC (polyvinylidene chloride) of chemical formula (CH2-
CCI2)n ; CCI2) n;
PAN (polyacrylonitrile) de formule chimique (CH2=CH-CN)n ;  PAN (polyacrylonitrile) of chemical formula (CH2 = CH-CN) n;
PA amorphe de formule chimique - (NH - (CH2)a - CO) - (avec a un entier naturel) ; ou tout autre polymère imperméable au gaz adapté.  Amorphous PA of chemical formula - (NH - (CH2) a - CO) - (with a natural integer); or any other suitable gas impermeable polymer.
Le film étanche 12 peut aussi être un film de métal imperméable au gaz. Le film étanche 12 aux gaz est donc inséré entre les bandes 1 1 , 1 1 ' et le corps principal 10, et s'étend entre ces deux bandes 1 1 , 1 1 ' de sorte à recouvrir la première face radiale 101 . The waterproof film 12 may also be a gas impermeable metal film. The gas-tight film 12 is thus inserted between the strips 1 1, 1 1 'and the main body 10, and extends between these two strips 1 1, 1 1' so as to cover the first radial face 101.
Ainsi, le flux de gaz F remontant jusqu'au corps principal 10, atteint la première face radiale 101 et est arrêté par le film étanche 12 fixé de part et d'autre du corps principal 10, sous les bandes de contact 1 1 , 1 1 '.  Thus, the flow of gas F up to the main body 10, reaches the first radial face 101 and is stopped by the sealing film 12 fixed on either side of the main body 10, under the contact strips 1 1, 1 1 '.
Autrement dit, le film étanche 12 présente deux bordures 121 , 122 s'étendant sensiblement en retour d'une portion de couverture 123 recouvrant la première face radiale 101 .  In other words, the tight film 12 has two edges 121, 122 extending substantially in return from a covering portion 123 covering the first radial face 101.
Les deux bordures 121 , 122 sont respectivement maintenues entre le corps principal 10 et les bandes de contact 1 1 , 1 1 '. Ainsi, le film étanche 12 est maintenu de manière robuste contre le corps principal 10 pour assurer une étanchéité au gaz du joint 1 , en particulier pour interdire au gaz de traverser le corps principal 10.  The two edges 121, 122 are respectively held between the main body 10 and the contact strips 1 1, 1 1 '. Thus, the waterproof film 12 is held firmly against the main body 10 to ensure a gas seal of the seal 1, in particular to prevent the gas from passing through the main body 10.
Selon une alternative, non représentée, le film étanche 12 aux gaz inséré entre les bandes 1 1 , 1 1 ' et le corps principal 10, peut être disposé de sorte à recouvrir la deuxième face radiale 103. Dans ce cas, le gaz traverse d'abord le corps principal 10 avant d'être arrêté par le film étanche 12.  According to an alternative, not shown, the gas-tight film 12 inserted between the strips 1 1, 1 1 'and the main body 10, can be arranged so as to cover the second radial face 103. In this case, the gas passes through first the main body 10 before being stopped by the tight film 12.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, en référence à la figure 2, le corps principal 210 comprend un ressort 21 1 créant une tension latérale entre les deux pièces mécaniques 3, 4, de sorte à créer une tension latérale du joint entre ces deux faces.  According to a second embodiment, with reference to Figure 2, the main body 210 comprises a spring 21 1 creating a lateral tension between the two mechanical parts 3, 4, so as to create a lateral tension of the joint between these two faces.
Le ressort 21 1 est selon un mode de réalisation particulier, recouvert d'une couche de matériau élastomère.  The spring 21 1 is according to a particular embodiment, covered with a layer of elastomeric material.
Le ressort 21 1 est un ressort hélicoïdal, refermé, de sorte à former un tore extensible radialement. Ce ressort 21 1 est ainsi monté autour de l'arbre 4 créant ainsi une tension de maintien.  The spring 21 1 is a helical spring, closed, so as to form a radially expandable torus. This spring 21 1 is thus mounted around the shaft 4 thus creating a holding voltage.
Les modes de réalisation décrit précédemment peuvent par ailleurs être combinés les uns avec les autres sans limitation, de sorte à obtenir des effets combinés des différents joints présentés.  The previously described embodiments may further be combined with each other without limitation, so as to achieve combined effects of the various joints presented.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Joint d'étanchéité (1 ) à structure multicouche, destiné à être inséré dans un espace (5) entre deux pièces mécaniques (3, 4) de sorte à séparer de manière étanche ledit espace (5) en deux parties; ledit joint d'étanchéité (1 ) comprenant un corps principal (10) restituant les efforts mécaniques entre lesdites deux pièces mécaniques (3, 4), une couche de contact (1 1 , 1 1 ') pour compenser les imperfections de surface entre ledit corps principal (10) et lesdites deux pièces (3, 4); caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz (12, 312) insérée entre ledit corps principal (10) et ladite couche de contact (1 1 ,1 1 ') ; 1. A multilayer seal (1) for insertion into a space (5) between two mechanical parts (3, 4) so as to seal said space (5) in two parts; said seal (1) comprising a main body (10) restoring the mechanical forces between said two mechanical parts (3, 4), a contact layer (1 1, 1 1 ') to compensate for surface imperfections between said main body (10) and said two pieces (3, 4); characterized in that it further comprises a layer of gas impermeable material (12, 312) inserted between said main body (10) and said contact layer (1 1, 1 1 ');
le joint présentant une forme circulaire et fermée ; et the seal having a circular and closed shape; and
ledit corps principal (10) présente deux faces circonférentielles (102, 104) et deux faces d'extension radiale et circonférentielle (101 , 103), ledit corps principal (10) étant recouvert par ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz sur une face d'extension radiale et circonférentielle (101 , 103). said main body (10) has two circumferential faces (102, 104) and two radially and circumferentially extending faces (101, 103), said main body (10) being covered by said layer of gas impermeable material on a face of radial and circumferential extension (101, 103).
2. Joint (1 ) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz (12) présente deux bordures (121 , 122) opposées radialement et s'étendant chacune en retour d'extrémités radiales d'une portion de couverture (123) de la face d'extension radiale et circonférentielle (101 , 103) recouverte, lesdites bordures (121 , 122) étant insérées entre ledit corps principal (10) optimisé pour ses caractéristiques mécaniques et une couche de contact distincte (1 1 ,1 1 ') 2. Seal (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said layer of gas impermeable material (12) has two radially opposite edges (121, 122) and each extending in return from radial ends of a portion. covering (123) the covered radial and circumferential extension face (101, 103), said edges (121, 122) being inserted between said main body (10) optimized for its mechanical characteristics and a distinct contact layer (1 1, 1 1 ')
3. Joint (1 ) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit corps principal (10) est fait d'un matériau élastomère. 3. Seal (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said main body (10) is made of an elastomeric material.
4. Joint (1 ) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit corps principal (10) comprend un ressort mécanique. 4. Seal (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said main body (10) comprises a mechanical spring.
5. Joint (1 ) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz (12) comprend un film polymère souple. 5. Seal (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said layer of gas impermeable material (12) comprises a flexible polymer film.
6. Joint (1 ) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche de matériau imperméable aux gaz (12) comprend un film de métal. 6. Seal (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said layer of gas impermeable material (12) comprises a metal film.
PCT/FR2018/051570 2017-06-27 2018-06-27 Multilayer seal WO2019002762A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1755861A FR3068101B1 (en) 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 MULTI-LAYER SEAL
FR1755861 2017-06-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019002762A1 true WO2019002762A1 (en) 2019-01-03

Family

ID=59746143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR2018/051570 WO2019002762A1 (en) 2017-06-27 2018-06-27 Multilayer seal

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FR (1) FR3068101B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019002762A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021151539A1 (en) * 2020-01-27 2021-08-05 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Mechanical seal arrangement having an improved secondary seal

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473085A2 (en) 1990-08-27 1992-03-04 Peter J. Balsells Canted coil spring in length filled with an elastomer
US5551707A (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-09-03 Freudenberg-Nok General Partnership Multi-material seal ring
WO2004071755A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2004-08-26 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Low permeation gaskets
WO2016164211A1 (en) * 2015-04-07 2016-10-13 Cameron International Corporation Metal end cap seal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473085A2 (en) 1990-08-27 1992-03-04 Peter J. Balsells Canted coil spring in length filled with an elastomer
US5551707A (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-09-03 Freudenberg-Nok General Partnership Multi-material seal ring
WO2004071755A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2004-08-26 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Low permeation gaskets
WO2016164211A1 (en) * 2015-04-07 2016-10-13 Cameron International Corporation Metal end cap seal

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021151539A1 (en) * 2020-01-27 2021-08-05 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Mechanical seal arrangement having an improved secondary seal
US11892082B2 (en) 2020-01-27 2024-02-06 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Mechanical seal arrangement having an improved secondary seal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3068101A1 (en) 2018-12-28
FR3068101B1 (en) 2020-06-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0096645B1 (en) Sealing device for a spherical plug valve
BE1019119A5 (en) SEALING DEVICE FOR ROTATING PASSAGE.
EP2895773B1 (en) Gasket, in particular for a pressurised liquid
EP2331853B1 (en) Deformable composite seal for bearing surfaces with a great lack of flatness
FR2510711A1 (en) DEVICE FOR ENSURING SEALING BETWEEN THE WALLS OF A MOBILE VALVE AXIS AXIALLY AND A BOX WITH FITTINGS
EP0140171B1 (en) Sealing ring for cast iron pipe couplings
EP1433988B1 (en) Regulation valve
EP3167148A1 (en) Expandable tubular element bearing one or more inflatable seals
CA3018005A1 (en) Dynamic seal device
WO2019002762A1 (en) Multilayer seal
FR2599462A1 (en) FLEXIBLE JUNCTION DEVICE
CA2949729C (en) High-pressure rotary seal-plug assembly with expandable continuous ring
CA1321573C (en) Reaction ring integral gasket, particularly for a closure
CA3018006A1 (en) Dynamic seal device
FR2984820A1 (en) WHEEL SUPPORT PROVIDED WITH HYDRAULIC APPARATUS SUPPLY PIPES
FR2598769A1 (en) Hydraulic or pneumatic sealing gasket
FR2549565A1 (en) Mechanical slide ring seal
WO2014068218A1 (en) Low-cost high-performance annular metallic static seal for high pressures and large diameters
WO2019219807A1 (en) Seal, in particular for a rotary ball valve fitting
FR2582373A1 (en) Device with a sealing gasket with lateral friction
FR3118114A1 (en) Sealing element and Sealing system
EP0637702B1 (en) Sealing apparatus by means of a lubricated guide for pressurized tube type hydraulic shock absorbers
FR2874074A1 (en) Seal for chamfered ends of tubular construction components, especially pipes, comprises elastomer seal element and thrust ring with angled sides
FR2813371A1 (en) Seal for use between shaft and casing has external ring connected to internal ring, forming U-profile, main sealing ring being attached to inner wall of profile and outer sealing ring with lips forming dynamic seal against inner surfaces
FR2520469A1 (en) MECHANICAL FRONTAL JOINT

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18752533

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18752533

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1