WO2018223394A1 - 一种图像拍摄方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种图像拍摄方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223394A1
WO2018223394A1 PCT/CN2017/087803 CN2017087803W WO2018223394A1 WO 2018223394 A1 WO2018223394 A1 WO 2018223394A1 CN 2017087803 W CN2017087803 W CN 2017087803W WO 2018223394 A1 WO2018223394 A1 WO 2018223394A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
preview
image capturing
blocks
image block
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PCT/CN2017/087803
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁欣
董辰
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to US16/615,269 priority Critical patent/US11425309B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/087803 priority patent/WO2018223394A1/zh
Priority to JP2020515796A priority patent/JP6923754B2/ja
Priority to EP17912837.6A priority patent/EP3611914A4/en
Priority to CN201780012161.4A priority patent/CN108702452B/zh
Publication of WO2018223394A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223394A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/64—Computer-aided capture of images, e.g. transfer from script file into camera, check of taken image quality, advice or proposal for image composition or decision on when to take image
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/61—Control of cameras or camera modules based on recognised objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/12—Edge-based segmentation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/13—Edge detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/63—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders
    • H04N23/631—Graphical user interfaces [GUI] specially adapted for controlling image capture or setting capture parameters
    • H04N23/632—Graphical user interfaces [GUI] specially adapted for controlling image capture or setting capture parameters for displaying or modifying preview images prior to image capturing, e.g. variety of image resolutions or capturing parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/71—Circuitry for evaluating the brightness variation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/73—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the exposure time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/75—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing optical camera components

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of image processing technologies, and in particular, to an image capturing method and apparatus.
  • the degree of light and darkness between different objects included in the scene may be different.
  • the difference in brightness and darkness between different objects contained in the scene is large.
  • the scenery includes night sky, neon lights, buildings, and light signs on buildings.
  • neon lights and light signs have greater brightness
  • night sky and building brightness are smaller, that is, the difference between light and dark is different between different objects.
  • a single exposure parameter is used for the panorama.
  • This method does not allow for clear imaging of individual objects with different brightness in the scene. For example, if the scene includes buildings and neon lights, if the panorama is set to a single exposure parameter according to the neon brightness value, in order to avoid neon overexposure, the exposure parameters used will be relatively small, and for buildings, Small exposure parameters can make the building not clearly visible in the final captured image.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an image capturing method and apparatus for improving the sharpness of a captured image.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an image capturing method.
  • the method can be implemented by a device capable of image capturing such as a camera, a smart phone, or a tablet.
  • the method includes: the image capturing device acquires a preview image in the shooting preview window when the image is captured.
  • the image capturing device divides the preview image into N image blocks according to N objects included in the preview image, and N is a positive integer.
  • the image capturing apparatus adjusts exposure parameters of the image blocks in the N image blocks whose resolution does not satisfy the preset definition standard until the resolution of each image block satisfies the preset definition standard.
  • the image capturing device outputs a prompt message to prompt the user to take an image. Thereafter, the image capturing apparatus receives a shooting instruction input by the user, and photographs the preview image in the shooting preview window based on the adjusted exposure parameter.
  • the image capturing device divides the preview image into N image blocks according to the N objects included in the preview image, and the image capturing device can perform shooting control on different image blocks by using different exposure parameters. And the image capturing device can adjust the exposure parameters of the image block whose resolution does not meet the preset definition standard, so that the preset definition standard is met, so that each object in the final captured image can be clearly displayed, and the quality of the captured image can be improved.
  • the method further includes: the image capturing device processes the preview image by using an edge detection method, Determining an edge contour of an area of each of the N objects included in the preview image to obtain N edge contours; the image capturing apparatus determines N objects from the N edge contours according to the feature information of each object.
  • the image capturing apparatus determines N objects in the preview image according to the edge detection method, and then divides the preview image into N image blocks according to the N objects, thereby avoiding blurring of edges between different image blocks. The situation improves the quality of the final captured image.
  • the image capture device adjusts the exposure parameters of the M image blocks until M images
  • the resolution of the block satisfies the preset definition standard, including: the image capturing device acquires a current exposure parameter of the first image block in the M image blocks, wherein the current exposure parameter is when the first image block in the preview image is acquired The exposure parameter is adopted; the image capturing device adjusts the current exposure parameter of the first image block according to the brightness value of the first image block until the resolution of the first image block satisfies the preset definition standard; wherein the first image block is M Any of the image blocks in the image block.
  • the current exposure parameter of the image block may be adjusted according to the brightness value of the image block until the image block can be displayed relatively clearly, and the final captured image is improved. the quality of.
  • the image capturing device adjusts the current exposure parameter of the first image block according to the brightness value of the first image block until the resolution of the first image block meets the preset definition standard, including: if the first image If the brightness value of the block is less than the preset brightness value, the image capturing device increases the current exposure parameter of the first image block until the resolution of the first image block satisfies the preset definition standard; or, if the brightness of the first image block If the value is greater than the preset brightness value, the image capture device reduces the current exposure parameter of the first image block until the resolution of the first image block meets the preset definition criteria.
  • the image capture device can adjust the current exposure parameter of the image block according to the brightness value of the image block. For example, when the image block is too bright, the current exposure parameter of the image block is reduced, and when the image block is too dark, the current exposure parameter of the image block is increased.
  • the final image block can be clearly displayed, and the quality of the final captured image is improved.
  • the image capturing device adjusts the current exposure parameter of the first image block according to the brightness value of the first image block until the resolution of the first image block satisfies the preset definition standard, including: in the image capturing device In the process of adjusting the current exposure parameter of the first image block according to the brightness value of the first image, if a new object appears in the first image block, the image capturing device follows the P included in the first image block after the new object appears a sub-object, the first image block after the new object appears is divided into P sub-image blocks, P is a positive integer; the image capturing device determines Q sub-image blocks in the P sub-image blocks whose resolution does not meet the preset definition standard; Q is a positive integer less than or equal to P; the image capturing apparatus adjusts the exposure parameters of the Q sub-image blocks respectively until the resolution of the Q sub-image blocks satisfies the preset definition standard.
  • the image capturing apparatus may continue to divide the image block of the new object appearing in the process of adjusting the value of the exposure parameter into different sub-image blocks.
  • the image capture device then continues to adjust the exposure parameters of the unsharp sub-image blocks so that each sub-image block can also be displayed more clearly, improving the quality of the final captured image.
  • the method further includes: the image capturing device sorts the N image blocks according to the brightness values of the N image blocks; and the image capturing device outputs
  • the prompt information for instructing the user to take an image includes: if the sorting result is the same as the pre-stored sorting result, the image capturing apparatus outputs prompt information for instructing the user to take an image.
  • the image capturing apparatus adjusts the exposure parameters of the image block, it can be ensured that the sorting result according to the brightness value between the respective image blocks does not change.
  • the pre-stored sorting result is used to indicate the sorting result of each object in the real scene according to the brightness value. Then, by this method, it can be ensured that the sorting result of each object in the final photographed image can accurately reflect the real situation.
  • the feature information includes brightness values and/or color information of the object.
  • the feature information may also be other information, and the above several are only examples, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • the exposure parameters include exposure time and/or exposure intensity.
  • the exposure parameter may further include other parameters, and the above several are only examples, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an image capturing apparatus.
  • the image capturing apparatus has a function of realizing an image capturing apparatus in the above method design. These functions can be implemented in hardware or in software by executing the corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the functions described above.
  • the specific structure of the image capturing apparatus may include an image acquisition unit, an image division unit, an exposure adjustment unit, and an image capture unit. These units may perform the respective functions of the methods provided by any of the possible aspects of the first aspect or the first aspect described above.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an image capturing apparatus.
  • the image capturing apparatus has a function of realizing an image capturing apparatus in the above method design. These features can be implemented in hardware.
  • the image capture device includes a memory for storing computer executable program code, a processor coupled to the memory. Wherein the program code stored in the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the image capture device to perform the method performed by the image capture device of any of the first aspect or the first aspect of the first aspect described above .
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium stores instructions, when executed on a computer, causing the computer to execute the image capturing method described in the first aspect above. .
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the image capturing method of the first aspect.
  • the image capturing device divides the preview image into N image blocks according to the N objects included in the preview image, and the image capturing device can use different exposure parameters for shooting control of different image blocks respectively. fine. And the image capturing device can adjust the exposure parameters of the image block whose resolution does not meet the preset definition standard, so that the preset definition standard is met, so that each object in the final captured image can be clearly displayed, and the quality of the captured image can be improved. .
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an image capturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram of a preview image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an image capturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another image capturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Exposure parameters are parameters that are set when the device captures an image.
  • the exposure parameter can be used to indicate the total amount of light emitted by the device when the subject is photographed.
  • the exposure parameters may include exposure time and/or exposure intensity, and the like.
  • the magnitude of the exposure parameter can determine the magnitude of the brightness value of the final captured image. For example, if the exposure time is long or the exposure intensity is large, the amount of light entering the device when the image is taken is large, so the brightness of the captured image is large. If the exposure time is short or the exposure intensity is small, the amount of light entering the device when the image is taken is small, so the brightness of the captured image is small.
  • the preview image is an image that the device presents in the device shooting preview window before the image is taken.
  • the user views the shooting effect by previewing the image. If the user is satisfied with the shooting effect of the preview image, the user can click the “shooting” button to capture the image.
  • the following describes the image capture method used by the current device when capturing images.
  • the current device uses a single exposure parameter for the panorama during the image capture. That is, the same exposure parameter value is used for all objects in the real scene. In fact, this method does not allow for clear imaging of individual objects with different brightness in the scene. For example, if the scene includes buildings and neon lights, if the panorama is set to a single exposure parameter according to the brightness value of the neon light, in order to avoid neon overexposure, the exposure parameter value used will be relatively small, and for buildings, Smaller exposure parameter values will make the building unclear in the final captured image. It can be seen that the current image capturing method may not be able to obtain a clearer captured image for some shooting scenes.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a new image capturing method.
  • the preview image is divided into different image blocks by an image capturing device, and each image block corresponds to one object.
  • the image capturing device can separately set exposure parameters for different image blocks, that is, separately control different image blocks, and the granularity is fine.
  • the image capturing device can adjust the exposure parameters of the image block whose resolution does not meet the preset definition standard, and can make the objects contained in each image block be displayed more clearly as much as possible, thereby improving the quality of the captured image.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an image capturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method may be implemented by a device having an image capturing capability.
  • the device is hereinafter referred to as an image capturing device, such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer ( PAD), or camera, etc.
  • the process of this method is described as follows:
  • the image capturing device acquires a preview image in the shooting preview window when the image is captured.
  • the camera in the image capturing device can be turned on to capture the scene that the user desires to capture.
  • a preview image of the scene captured by the camera is displayed in the preview window of the image capturing apparatus, and the user views the shooting effect of the scene through the preview image.
  • an initial exposure parameter is usually set, that is, the initial value of the exposure parameter is set.
  • the image capture device can then acquire the panorama using the initial exposure parameters to obtain a preview image, ie the initial values of the exposure parameters are the same for the entire preview image.
  • the initial value of the exposure parameter may be manually set by the user according to experience, or may be automatically set by the image capturing device.
  • the image capturing device may obtain the preview image by taking the value of the exposure parameter used when the image was last captured as an initial value. .
  • the image capturing device divides the preview image into N image blocks according to N objects included in the preview image, where N is a positive integer.
  • the N objects included in the preview image may be determined. Then, the image capturing apparatus divides the preview image into N image blocks in accordance with the N objects included in the preview image.
  • the image capturing apparatus may determine a plurality of manners of N objects included in the preview image, such as edge detection method, line detection method, and the like, which are not specifically limited by the present invention.
  • the implementation process of S102 can be performed in three steps: first, determining the edge contour of each object region to obtain N edge contours; and second step, according to the feature information of each object from N Edge contour N objects are set; in the third step, the preview image is divided into N image blocks. The following describes the implementation of these three steps.
  • the image capturing apparatus can process the preview image by using the edge detection method to initially determine the edge contour of the area where each object is located.
  • the image capturing apparatus can determine an area in the preview image in which the gradient changes differently by the edge detection method, and determine the edge contour of each area.
  • the image capture device can only determine the edge contour of the region where each object is located, but in the edge contour of the region may not be the true edge contour of the object, such as two objects in the preview image.
  • the gray value distribution is about the same, then the image capturing device divides the two objects into an area by edge line detection, that is, the two objects are in an area surrounded by an edge contour, that is, an edge There are two objects in the outline. Therefore, in order to determine whether there is only one object in one edge contour, in the second step, the image capturing apparatus can further determine N objects from the N edge contours according to the feature information of each object.
  • the feature information of the object may include at least one of color information and brightness value of the object, and may further include other feature information.
  • the image capturing device determines that the feature information in the region surrounded by the edge contour is the same, it is determined that the object surrounded by the edge contour belongs to an object, that is, the edge The outline is the true edge outline of the object. If the image capturing device determines that there is a sub-region in which the feature information changes more abruptly in the region surrounded by the edge contour, the image capturing device can directly remove the sub-region with the characteristic information change abruptly from the region surrounded by the edge contour, and determine that the remaining region The edge contour of a sub-region is the true edge contour of an object. At the same time, the image capturing apparatus may change the edge contour of the sub-region in which the feature information is changed to the real edge contour of the other object.
  • the third step may be performed, that is, the preview image is divided into N image blocks, wherein the N image blocks may completely divide the entire preview image, so that the image The shooting device can process the entire preview image.
  • the image capturing apparatus determines N objects in the preview image according to the edge detection method, and then divides the preview image into N image blocks according to the N objects, thereby avoiding blurring of edges between different image blocks. The situation improves the quality of the final captured image.
  • the image capturing apparatus determines M image blocks in which the resolution of the N image blocks does not satisfy the preset definition standard; and M is a positive integer less than or equal to N.
  • S103 can be implemented in various manners, for example, the resolution of each image block in the preview image can be determined by a Laplacian variance algorithm or a wavelet transform algorithm.
  • the image capturing apparatus can determine whether each image block in the preview image is clear by setting the sharpness standard value.
  • the standard value of the sharpness of each image block may be the same, that is, all image blocks adopt a standard value of sharpness, or the standard value of the sharpness of each image block may be different, that is, each image block is set to a respective value. Standard value of clarity.
  • the user may separately set the sharpness standard value for each image block according to experience, or the image capturing apparatus may separately set the sharpness standard value for each image block in advance.
  • the image capturing apparatus determines that the image block in the preview image is clear, and one of the image blocks in the preview image When the sharpness is less than the sharpness standard value of the image block, the image capturing apparatus determines that the image block in the preview image is unclear.
  • the image capturing apparatus acquires the preview image by using the initial exposure parameter, it is determined that the preview image includes 4 objects, and then the image capturing apparatus divides the preview image into 4 image blocks. The image capturing device further determines whether each image block is clear. After judging that two image blocks are unclear and the other two image blocks are clear, the image capturing device needs to adjust the initial value of the exposure parameter of the unclear image block.
  • the image capturing device respectively adjusts exposure parameters of the M image blocks until the resolution of the M image blocks meets a preset definition standard.
  • the magnitude of the exposure parameter may determine the brightness of the image, and the brightness of the image affects the sharpness of the image. For example, too bright or too dark may result in the image being unclear. Display. Therefore, when the image block is clear, it is suitable to indicate the brightness of the image block, that is, the initial exposure parameter is suitable for the image block setting, and it is not necessary to adjust the initial exposure parameter. When the image block is not clear, it may be caused by the inappropriate brightness of the image block, that is, the image block is either too bright or too dark.
  • the image capturing apparatus can determine whether the initial value of the exposure parameter is to be reduced or whether the initial value of the exposure parameter is to be increased, depending on whether the image block is too bright or too dark.
  • the image capturing device may separately set different brightness thresholds for each image block.
  • the image capture device can also set the same brightness threshold for all image blocks.
  • the brightness threshold here may be set by the user according to experience, or may be automatically set by the image capturing device.
  • the image capturing device can reduce the initial value of the exposure parameter. If the image block is too dark, the image block is underexposed, and the underexposed image block may be too dark to cause the image block to be clearly displayed, that is, the initial value of the explicit exposure parameter is set too low for the image block. The image capture device can increase the initial value of the exposure parameter.
  • the image capturing apparatus may set an adjustment range when the exposure parameter is adjusted each time.
  • the adjustment range at each adjustment of the exposure time may be 0.5 ms.
  • the adjustment range of the exposure parameter can be set relatively small, so that the value of the exposure parameter adjusted by the image capturing device is more accurate.
  • the image capturing apparatus may not perform a process of determining whether an unclear image block is too bright or too dark. This is because, if the initial value of the exposure parameter used is small when the image capturing apparatus acquires the preview image, the brightness of each image block in the preview image acquired by the image capturing apparatus is low, and generally there is no image block. The situation is too bright. At this time, when the image block is not clear, it is not necessary to judge whether the image block is too bright or too dark, and the image capturing device defaults that the image block is too dark, so for this case, the image capturing device directly increases the initial of the exposure parameter. The value is fine.
  • the initial value of the exposure parameter used is relatively large when the image capturing device acquires the preview image
  • the brightness of each image block in the preview image acquired by the image capturing device is relatively large, and generally there is no image block display.
  • the image capturing apparatus directly reduces the initial value of the exposure parameter.
  • the image capturing apparatus still needs to determine whether the image block is too bright. Or too dark.
  • the image capturing device may have a new object in the image block during the adjustment of the initial exposure parameter. This is because, when the initial value of the exposure parameter is not appropriate, the number of objects in the acquired preview image may be smaller than the number of objects in the real scene, that is, the area enclosed by the edge contour of some objects in the preview image is actually Other objects are also included, but limited by the initial exposure parameters, these other objects cannot be displayed in the preview image, so the image capture device cannot determine it. Taking an image block as an example, if the initial value of the exposure parameter is set small for the image block, that is, the entire image block is too dark, the image capturing device cannot continue to segment the image block.
  • the image capture device cannot determine other objects in the image block.
  • the initial value of the exposure parameter is set larger for the image block, that is, the image block as a whole is displayed too bright, the image capturing device cannot continue to segment the image block.
  • more than one object may be included in the image block, but since the initial value of the exposure parameter is too large, the image capture device cannot determine other objects in the image block.
  • the image capturing device may re-acquire a new preview image with the value of the adjusted exposure parameter, and re-segment the new preview image into different
  • the image block that is, each time the value of the exposure parameter is adjusted, S101-S102 can be re-executed.
  • the image block can be clearly displayed. Since the image capturing device does not change the value of the exposure parameter of the image block, the new preview is performed.
  • the image block can also be clearly displayed in the image, and even if the image capturing device re-segmentates the new preview image, the image block will still be used as a separate image block, and the image block will not be divided into different sub-image blocks.
  • a new object may be displayed in the image block, so the image capturing device When the new preview image is re-segmented, the image block can be segmented into different sub-image blocks.
  • the image capturing device divides the image block in which the new object appears into P sub-image blocks according to the P sub-objects included in the image block after the new object appears, and P is a positive integer.
  • the process of S103-104 may be repeated, that is, the image capturing apparatus determines Q sub-image blocks in which the resolution of the P sub-image blocks does not satisfy the preset definition standard, and Q is a positive integer equal to or less than P.
  • the image capture device then adjusts the exposure parameters of the Q sub-image blocks, respectively, until the resolution of the Q sub-image blocks meets the preset definition criteria.
  • the exposure parameter as the exposure time the user wants to shoot the scene at night, and the scene actually includes the sky, the lantern, and the eaves. Since the exposure time taken by the image capturing apparatus to obtain the preview image is short, all the objects included in the scene cannot be clearly displayed in the preview image. For example, the preview image includes only two objects, the night sky and the eaves. Referring to the first image in FIG. 2, the image capturing device divides the preview image into two image blocks. The image capturing device determines that the night sky in the preview image is unclear and the room is clear. At this time, the image capturing apparatus determines that the initial exposure time is more suitable for the eaves, but is not suitable for the night sky.
  • the image capture device determines that the night sky is too dark in the preview image, so the exposure time of the night sky in the preview image is increased. As the exposure time increases, new objects may appear in the area where the night sky is in the preview image. Please refer to the second image in Figure 2.
  • the image capturing device can re-divide the image block corresponding to the night sky in the preview image into two sub-image blocks, namely the night sky and the lantern. At this time, the image capturing apparatus can continue to judge whether the image block of the lantern in the preview image is clear. If it is not clear, the image capturing apparatus can increase the exposure time of the image block where the lantern is located in the preview image until the lantern can be displayed relatively clearly. until.
  • the image capture device segments the preview image into different image blocks and adjusts the current exposure parameters of the image blocks whose resolution does not meet the preset definition criteria. Moreover, after adjusting the current exposure parameter, if a new object appears in an image block, the image capturing device re-segmentates the new object, and if the new object is not clear, continues to adjust the exposure of the new object. parameter. By this method, it is finally possible to clearly display each object in the real scene in the captured image.
  • the image capturing apparatus can determine whether the adjustment of the exposure parameter is appropriate.
  • the following describes a possible implementation manner in which the image capturing apparatus determines whether the adjustment of the exposure parameter is appropriate.
  • the image capturing device if the image capturing device adjusts the current exposure parameters of the unclear M image blocks, the image capturing device acquires new brightness values of the M image blocks adjusted by the exposure parameters, according to the new brightness values. Sort all the image blocks in the preview image to get new sort results. The image capturing apparatus compares the new sorting result with the pre-stored initial sorting result, and if the two match, the image capturing apparatus determines that the adjustment of the exposure parameter is appropriate this time.
  • the image capturing device acquires the preview image by using the initial exposure parameter, and then the image capturing device can determine the initial brightness value of each image block in the preview image, and the N images according to the initial brightness value.
  • the blocks are sorted to obtain the initial sort results. This method is simple to operate and easy to implement.
  • the image capturing device can obtain two preview images for the same scene under different initial exposure parameters, and then sort the N image blocks included in each preview image to obtain two sorts. As a result, then the two sorting results are combined to obtain a more accurate initial sorting result. In this way, the accuracy of the initial sorting result obtained by the image capturing apparatus can be improved.
  • the image capturing apparatus may collect the scene under the initial exposure parameter 1, acquire the preview image A, and determine that the preview image includes N objects, and then the image capturing apparatus divides the preview image A into N image blocks.
  • the image capturing device sorts the N image blocks according to the brightness values of the N image blocks, and the sort result is C.
  • the image capturing device can collect the same scene under the initial exposure parameter 2, obtain the preview image B, and determine that the preview image includes M objects, the image capturing device divides the preview image B into M image blocks, and the image capturing device according to the image capturing device
  • the luminance values of the M image blocks sort the M image blocks, and the sort result is D. Therefore, the image capturing apparatus can take the union of M and N and determine all the image blocks included in the preview image. Then, the image capturing device takes the union of C and D to determine the final sorting result.
  • the exposure parameter setting is not appropriate, all objects in the real scene cannot be displayed in the preview image, so the number of objects included in the preview image A and the preview image B may be different, so the preview image is The number of image blocks included in A and preview image B is different, that is, M and N may be different. For example, the scene actually has two objects, one of which is brighter and one of which is darker. If the initial exposure parameter 1 is smaller than the initial exposure parameter 2, then only one object in the scene, that is, a brighter object, may be displayed in the preview image A. The preview image B may display two objects in the scene, that is, both a brighter object and a darker object.
  • the image capturing apparatus can obtain two different preview images under the lower exposure parameter and the higher exposure parameter, respectively, so that the final determined initial sorting result can be as much as possible. Covers every object in the real scene.
  • the image capturing apparatus determines that the preview image A includes four objects, and the image capturing apparatus divides the preview image A into four image blocks, for example, a, b, c, and d, respectively.
  • the image capturing device sorts the four image blocks according to the brightness values of the four image blocks in the preview image A, and the obtained sorting result is a>b>c>d (to be explained here) Yes, the real scene actually includes the object e, but it is not displayed in the preview image A.
  • the image capturing apparatus determines that five objects are included in the preview image B, and the image capturing apparatus divides the preview image B into five image blocks, for example, a, b, c, d, and e, respectively.
  • the image capturing apparatus sorts the five image blocks according to the brightness values of the five image blocks in the preview image B, and the obtained sorting result is a>b>c>d>e.
  • the image capturing device takes the two sorting results into a union, that is, the final sorting result obtained is a>b>c>d ⁇ e, and the sorting result can be used as an initial sorting result, and the image capturing device can store it for subsequent use.
  • the image capturing device judges whether the adjustment of the exposure parameter is appropriate, two results are obtained, that is, suitable or inappropriate. For example, if the image capturing device has adjusted the initial value of the exposure parameter a plurality of times, if it is determined that the adjustment of the exposure parameter of an image block is inappropriate, it indicates that the adjustment continues to make the entire image not conform to the real situation of the scene. Therefore, the image capturing apparatus can restore the value of the exposure parameter of the image block to the value of the last adjusted exposure parameter, and end the adjustment of the value of the exposure parameter of the image block.
  • the adjustment process of the exposure parameters is ended.
  • the image capturing device outputs prompt information for instructing the user to take an image.
  • the prompt information for instructing the user to take an image may be output.
  • the manner in which the prompt information is set may be various, for example, displaying a green line on the preview image, etc., which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the image capturing device receives a shooting instruction input by the user, and captures a preview image in the shooting preview window based on the adjusted exposure parameter.
  • the manner in which the user inputs the shooting instruction may be various, for example, clicking a “shooting” button, or shooting by voice control, etc., and the present invention is not specifically limited.
  • the image capturing apparatus divides the preview image into N image blocks according to the N objects included in the preview image.
  • the image capturing device can use different exposure parameters for shooting control of different image blocks, and the granularity is fine.
  • the image capturing apparatus can adjust the exposure parameters of the image block whose resolution does not satisfy the preset definition standard so that the preset definition standard is satisfied.
  • the image capturing device after adjusting the value of the exposure parameter, if a new object appears in an image block, the image capturing device re-segmentates the new object, and if the new object is not clear, continues to adjust the new object. Exposure parameters.
  • each object in the real scene can be clearly displayed in the final captured image, and the quality of the captured image is improved.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of an image capturing apparatus 300.
  • the image capturing device 300 can implement the functions of the image capturing device referred to above.
  • the image capturing device 300 may include an image acquiring unit 301, an image dividing unit 302, an exposure adjusting unit 303, and an image capturing unit 304.
  • the image obtaining unit 301 can be used S101 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein.
  • Image segmentation unit 302 may be used to perform S102 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein.
  • Exposure adjustment unit 303 can be used to perform S103-S104 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein.
  • Image capture unit 304 may be used to perform S105-S106 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein. All the related content of the steps involved in the foregoing method embodiments may be referred to the functional descriptions of the corresponding functional modules, and details are not described herein again.
  • the image capturing apparatus described above is displayed in the form of a functional unit.
  • the term "unit” as used herein, without limitation, may refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), electronic circuit, (shared, dedicated, or group) that executes one or more software or firmware programs.
  • image capture device 300 can also be implemented by the structure shown in FIG.
  • the image capturing apparatus 400 may include a memory 401, a processor 402, and a bus 403. Memory 401 and processor 402 can be connected by bus 403.
  • the memory 401 is configured to store a computer execution instruction.
  • the processor 402 executes a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 401 to cause the image capturing apparatus 400 to execute the image capturing method provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 . .
  • a specific image capturing method reference may be made to the related descriptions in the above and the drawings, and details are not described herein again.
  • the processor 402 may be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), and a central unit.
  • the bus 403 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus or the like.
  • the bus 403 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one thick line is shown in Figure 4, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an image capturing method and an image capturing device.
  • the image capturing apparatus divides the preview image into N image blocks in accordance with N objects included in the preview image.
  • the image capturing device can use different exposure parameters for shooting control of different image blocks, and the granularity is fine.
  • the image capturing apparatus can adjust the exposure parameters of the image block whose resolution does not satisfy the preset definition standard so that the preset definition standard is satisfied.
  • the image capturing device after adjusting the value of the exposure parameter, if a new object appears in an image block, the image capturing device re-segmentates the new object, and if the new object is not clear, continues to adjust the new object. Exposure parameters.
  • each object in the real scene can be clearly displayed in the final captured image, and the quality of the captured image is improved.
  • the invention may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer program instructions When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another readable storage medium, eg, the computer Instructions can be routed from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, via wired (eg coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) Transfer by server or data center.
  • the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)) or the like.
  • a magnetic medium eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape
  • an optical medium eg, a DVD
  • a semiconductor medium eg, a solid state disk (SSD)

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Abstract

一种图像拍摄方法及装置，用于提高拍摄图像的清晰度。该方法包括：图像拍摄设备在拍摄图像时，获取拍摄预览窗中的预览图像；图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包含的N个对象，将预览图像分割成N个图像块，N为正整数；图像拍摄设备确定N个图像块中清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的M个图像块；M为小于等于N的正整数；图像拍摄设备分别调整M个图像块的曝光参数，直到M个图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止；图像拍摄设备输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息；图像拍摄设备接收用户输入的拍摄指令，基于调整后的曝光参数对所述拍摄预览窗中的预览图像进行拍摄。

Description

一种图像拍摄方法及装置 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及图像处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种图像拍摄方法及装置。
背景技术
一般来说，景物中包括的不同物体之间的亮暗程度可能不同。尤其是在夜间，景物中包含的不同物体之间的亮暗差异较大。例如景物包括夜空、霓虹灯、建筑物、以及建筑物上的灯光标识等。其中，霓虹灯和灯光标识的亮度较大，夜空和建筑物的亮度较小，即不同物体之间亮暗差异较大。
现有技术中在拍摄景物时，对于全景采用的是单一的曝光参数。这种方式无法使得景物中亮度不同的各个物体均清晰成像。以景物中包括建筑物和霓虹灯为例，若对全景均按照霓虹灯的亮度值设定单一的曝光参数，为了避免霓虹灯过曝，采用的曝光参数会比较小，而对于建筑物来说，采用较小的曝光参数会使得该建筑物在最终的拍摄图像中无法清晰显示。
可见，目前的拍摄方法如果采用单一的曝光参数，对于一些拍摄场景下可能无法获取较为清晰的拍摄图像。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种图像拍摄方法及装置，用于提高拍摄图像的清晰度。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种图像拍摄方法。该方法可通过相机、智能手机、或平板电脑等能够实现图像拍摄的设备来实现。该方法包括：图像拍摄设备在拍摄图像时，获取拍摄预览窗中的预览图像。图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包含的N个对象，将预览图像分割成N个图像块，N为正整数。图像拍摄设备调整N个图像块中清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的图像块的曝光参数，直到每个图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止。图像拍摄设备输出提示信息以提示用户拍摄图像。之后，图像拍摄设备接收用户输入的拍摄指令，基于调整后的曝光参数对拍摄预览窗中的预览图像进行拍摄。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包含的N个对象，将预览图像分割成N个图像块，图像拍摄设备可以对不同图像块分别使用不同的曝光参数进行拍摄控制。并且图像拍摄设备可以调整清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的图像块的曝光参数，使得满足预设清晰度标准，使得最终拍摄的图像中每个对象可以清晰的显示，可以提高拍摄图像的质量。
在一个可能的设计中，在图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包含的N个对象，将预览图像分割成N个图像块之前，该方法还包括：图像拍摄设备通过边缘检测法对预览图像进行处理，确定预览图像包括的N个对象中的每个对象所在区域的边缘轮廓，得到N个边缘轮廓；图像拍摄设备根据每个对象的特征信息从N个边缘轮廓中确定N个对象。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备根据边缘检测法确定预览图像中的N个对象，然后按照这N个对象将预览图像分割成N个图像块，可以避免不同图像块之间的边缘显示模糊的情况，提高最终获得的拍摄图像的质量。
在一个可能的设计中，图像拍摄设备分别调整M个图像块的曝光参数，直到M个图像 块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止，包括：图像拍摄设备获取M个图像块中的第一图像块的当前曝光参数，其中，当前曝光参数为获取预览图像中的第一图像块时所采用的曝光参数；图像拍摄设备根据第一图像块的亮度值调整第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到第一图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止；其中，第一图像块为M个图像块中的任一图像块。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备确定一个图像块不清晰时，可以根据该图像块的亮度值调整该图像块的当前曝光参数，直到图像块能够较为清晰地显示为止，提高最终拍摄的图像的质量。
在一个可能的设计中，图像拍摄设备根据第一图像块的亮度值调整第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到第一图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止，包括：若第一图像块的亮度值小于预设亮度值，则图像拍摄设备增大第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到第一图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止；或，若第一图像块的亮度值大于预设亮度值，则图像拍摄设备减小第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到第一图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备可以根据图像块的亮度值调整该图像块的当前曝光参数。例如当图像块过亮时，减小该图像块的当前曝光参数，当图像块过暗时，增大该图像块的当前曝光参数。通过该方法，使得最终图像块能够清晰的显示，提高最终拍摄的图像的质量。
在一个可能的设计中，图像拍摄设备根据第一图像块的亮度值调整第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到第一图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止，包括：在图像拍摄设备根据第一图像的亮度值调整第一图像块的当前曝光参数的过程中，若第一图像块中出现新的对象，则图像拍摄设备按照出现新的对象后的第一图像块中包含的P个子对象，将出现新的对象后的第一图像块分割成P个子图像块，P为正整数；图像拍摄设备确定P个子图像块中清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的Q个子图像块；Q为小于等于P的正整数；图像拍摄设备分别调整Q个子图像块的曝光参数，直到Q个子图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备可以将在调整曝光参数的取值的过程中出现的新的对象的图像块继续分割成不同的子图像块。然后图像拍摄设备继续调整不清晰的子图像块的曝光参数，使得每个子图像块也能较为清晰的显示，提高最终拍摄的图像的质量。
在一个可能的设计中，在图像拍摄设备调整M个图像块的曝光参数之后，该方法还包括：图像拍摄设备按照N个图像块的亮度值对N个图像块进行排序；图像拍摄设备输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息，包括：若排序结果与预存的排序结果相同，则图像拍摄设备输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息。
在本发明实施例中，即使图像拍摄设备调整图像块的曝光参数，也可以保证各个图像块之间按照亮度值的排序结果不发生变化。例如预存的排序结果用来指示真实景物中各个对象按照亮度值的排序结果，那么通过该方法，可以保证最终拍摄的图像中各个对象按照亮度值的排序结果可以较为准确地反映真实情况。
在一个可能的设计中，特征信息包括对象的亮度值和/或颜色信息。
本发明实施例中，特征信息还可能是其它信息，以上几种只是举例，本发明实施例对此不作具体的限定。
在一个可能的设计中，曝光参数包括曝光时间和/或曝光强度。
本发明实施例中，曝光参数还可能包括其它参数，以上几种只是举例，本发明实施例对此不作具体的限定。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供一种图像拍摄装置。该图像拍摄装置具有实现上述方法设计中图像拍摄设备的功能。这些功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元。
在一个可能的设计中，图像拍摄装置的具体结构可包括图像获取单元、图像分割单元、曝光调整单元和图像拍摄单元。这些单元可执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计所提供的方法中的相应功能。
第三方面，本发明实施例还提供一种图像拍摄装置。该图像拍摄装置具有实现上述方法设计中图像拍摄设备的功能。这些功能可以通过硬件实现。该图像拍摄装置包括：存储器，用于存储计算机可执行程序代码；处理器，处理器与存储器耦合。其中存储器所存储的程序代码包括指令，当处理器执行所述指令时，所述指令使图像拍摄装置执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计中图像拍摄设备所执行的方法。
第四方面，本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面所述的图像拍摄方法。
第五方面，本发明实施例还提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面所述的图像拍摄方法。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包含的N个对象，将预览图像分割成N个图像块，图像拍摄设备可以对不同图像块分别使用不同的曝光参数进行拍摄控制，粒度较细。并且图像拍摄设备可以调整清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的图像块的曝光参数，使得满足预设清晰度标准，使得最终拍摄的图像中每个对象可以清晰的显示，可以提高拍摄图像的质量。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种图像拍摄方法流程图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种预览图像的对比图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种图像拍摄装置的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的另一种图像拍摄装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例提供的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
以下，对本发明实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
(1)曝光参数，是设备在拍摄图像时设置的参数。曝光参数可以用于指示设备在拍摄景物时，接收景物发出的光线的总量。曝光参数可以包括曝光时间和/或曝光强度等。
通常，曝光参数的取值的大小可以决定最终拍摄的图像的亮度值的大小。例如曝光时间较长或者曝光强度较大，则设备在拍摄图像时的进光量较大，所以拍摄的图像的亮度较大。如果曝光时间较短或者曝光强度较小，则设备在拍摄图像时的进光量较小，所以拍摄的图像的亮度较小。
(2)预览图像，是设备在拍摄图像之前呈现在设备拍摄预览窗中的图像，用户通过预览图像查看拍摄效果，如果用户对预览图像的拍摄效果满意，可以点击“拍摄”按键，拍摄图像。
(3)本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，如无特殊说明，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。且在本发明实施例的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
下面介绍目前的设备在拍摄图像时，所采用的图像拍摄方法。
目前的设备在拍摄图像的过程中，对于全景采用的是单一的曝光参数。即对真实景物中的所有物体均采用相同的曝光参数值。实际上，这种方式无法使得景物中亮度不同的各个物体均清晰成像。以景物中包括建筑物和霓虹灯为例，若对全景均按照霓虹灯的亮度值设定单一的曝光参数，为了避免霓虹灯过曝，采用的曝光参数值会比较小，而对于建筑物来说，采用较小的曝光参数值会使得该建筑物在最终的拍摄图像中无法清晰显示。可见，目前的图像拍摄方法对于一些拍摄场景下可能无法获取较为清晰的拍摄图像。
为了解决该技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种新的图像拍摄方法。通过图像拍摄设备将预览图像分为不同的图像块，每个图像块对应一个对象。图像拍摄设备可以为不同图像块分别设置曝光参数，即对不同图像块分别控制，粒度较细。图像拍摄设备可以调整清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的图像块的曝光参数，可以尽量使得每个图像块中包含的对象都较为清楚地显示，可以提高拍摄的图像的质量。
请参考图1，为本发明一实施例提供的图像拍摄方法流程图，该方法可通过具有图像拍摄能力的设备实现，下文将该设备称为图像拍摄设备，该设备例如为手机、平板电脑(PAD)、或相机等。该方法的流程描述如下：
S101、图像拍摄设备在拍摄图像时，获取拍摄预览窗中的预览图像。
用户通过图像拍摄设备拍摄图像时，可以打开图像拍摄设备中的摄像头，以采集用户期望拍摄的景物。此时，图像拍摄设备的预览窗中显示摄像头采集的景物的预览图像，用户通过该预览图像观看景物的拍摄效果。
图像拍摄设备在获取预览图像之前，通常会设置一个初始曝光参数，即设置曝光参数的初始值。然后图像拍摄设备可以采用该初始曝光参数对全景进行采集，以获得预览图像，即曝光参数的初始值对于整个预览图像是相同的。曝光参数的初始值可以是用户根据经验手动设置的，也可以是图像拍摄设备自动设置的，例如图像拍摄设备可以将上一次拍摄图像时所使用的曝光参数的取值作为初始值来获取预览图像。
S102、图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包含的N个对象，将预览图像分割成N个图像块，N为正整数。
在本发明实施例中，在图像拍摄设备获取预览图像之后，可以确定预览图像中包括的N个对象。然后，图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包含的N个对象，将预览图像分割成N个图像块。图像拍摄设备确定预览图像中包括的N个对象的方式可以有多种，例如边缘检测法、直线检测法等等，对此本发明不作具体的限定。
以边缘检测法为例，S102的实现过程可以分三步进行：第一步，确定每个对象所在区域的边缘轮廓，得到N个边缘轮廓；第二步，根据每个对象的特征信息从N个边缘轮廓中确 定N个对象；第三步，将预览图像分割成N个图像块。下面分别介绍这三步的实现方式。
在第一步中，图像拍摄设备可以采用边缘检测法对预览图像进行处理，初步确定每个对象所在区域的边缘轮廓。
这是因为，一张图像中不同的对象所在的区域的梯度变化情况不同。例如一张图像中包括两个对象，这两个对象位于图像中的两个不同区域，则这两个区域的梯度变化情况不同，例如灰度值分布情况不同或纹理结构不同等。图像拍摄设备通过边缘检测法可以确定预览图像中梯度变化情况不同的区域，并确定每个区域的边缘轮廓。
实际上，在第一步中，图像拍摄设备只能确定每个对象所在区域的边缘轮廓，但是在该区域的边缘轮廓中可能并不是该对象的真实的边缘轮廓，例如预览图像中两个对象的灰度值分布情况大致相同，那么图像拍摄设备通过边缘线检测法，会将这两个对象划分为一个区域，即这两个对象在一个边缘轮廓所围成的区域内，即，一个边缘轮廓中包含了两个对象。因此，为了确定一个边缘轮廓中是否只有一个对象，在第二步中，图像拍摄设备可以根据每个对象的特征信息从N个边缘轮廓中进一步确定N个对象。
在本发明实施例中，对象的特征信息可以包括对象的颜色信息和亮度值中的至少一种，当然还可能包括其他的特征信息。
以确定一个对象为例，在第二步中，如果图像拍摄设备确定某一个边缘轮廓所包围的区域内的特征信息相同，则确定该边缘轮廓所包围的对象是属于一个对象的，即该边缘轮廓为该对象的真实的边缘轮廓。如果图像拍摄设备确定某一个边缘轮廓所包围的区域内有特征信息变化较为突兀的子区域，图像拍摄设备可以直接从该边缘轮廓所包围的区域内去掉特征信息变化突兀的子区域，确定剩下的子区域的边缘轮廓就是一个对象的真实的边缘轮廓。同时，图像拍摄设备可以将该特征信息变化突兀的子区域的边缘轮廓作为另一个对象的真实边缘轮廓。
图像拍摄设备确定预览图像中N个对象中每个对象的真实轮廓之后，可执行第三步，即将预览图像分割为N个图像块，其中，N个图像块可以完全分割整个预览图像，使得图像拍摄设备可以对整个预览图像进行处理。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备根据边缘检测法确定预览图像中的N个对象，然后按照这N个对象将预览图像分割成N个图像块，可以避免不同图像块之间的边缘显示模糊的情况，提高最终获得的拍摄图像的质量。
S103、图像拍摄设备确定N个图像块中清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的M个图像块；M为小于等于N的正整数。
在本发明实施例中，S103可以通过多种方式实现，例如可以通过拉普拉斯方差算法或者小波变换算法等对预览图像中的每个图像块的清晰度进行判断。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备可以通过设定清晰度标准值来判断预览图像中的每个图像块是否清晰。其中，每个图像块的清晰度标准值可以相同，即所有图像块均采用一个清晰度标准值，或者，每个图像块的清晰度标准值也可以不同，即为每个图像块设置各自的清晰度标准值。例如用户可以事先根据经验为每个图像块分别设置清晰度标准值，或者图像拍摄设备可以事先为每个图像块分别设置清晰度标准值。当预览图像中的一个图像块的清晰度大于或等于该图像块的清晰度标准值时，则图像拍摄设备确定预览图像中的该图像块是清晰的，而预览图像中的一个该图像块的清晰度小于该图像块的清晰度标准值时，则图像拍摄设备确定预览图像中的该图像块是不清晰的。
举例来说，图像拍摄设备采用初始曝光参数获取预览图像之后，确定预览图像中包括4个对象，那么图像拍摄设备将该预览图像分割成4个图像块。图像拍摄设备进一步判断每个图像块是否清晰，经过判断有2个图像块不清晰，另外2个图像块清晰，那么图像拍摄设备就需要调整不清晰的图像块的曝光参数的初始值。
S104、图像拍摄设备分别调整M个图像块的曝光参数，直到所述M个图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止。
在本发明实施例中，前面已经提到过，曝光参数的取值的大小可以决定图像的亮度的大小，而图像的亮度又影响图像的清晰度，例如过亮或者过暗都会导致图像无法清晰的显示。因此当图像块清晰时，说明该图像块的亮度是较为合适的，即初始曝光参数对于该图像块设置较为合适，不需要调整初始曝光参数。当图像块不清晰时，可能是由于该图像块的亮度不合适而引起的，即该图像块要么是过亮，要么是过暗。如果图像块显示过暗，则曝光参数的初始值对于该图像块来说，设置的太低，如果图像块显示过亮，则曝光参数的初始值对于该图像块来说设置的太高。因此，图像拍摄设备可以根据图像块是否过亮或者过暗来判断是要减小曝光参数的初始值，还是要增大曝光参数的初始值。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备可以分别为每个图像块分别设置不同的亮度阈值。当一个图像块的亮度大于该图像块的亮度阈值时，则确定该图像块为过亮，当该图像块的亮度小于该图像块的亮度阈值时，则确定该图像块为过暗。当然，图像拍摄设备也可以为所有图像块设置同一个亮度阈值。这里的亮度阈值可以是用户根据经验设置的，也可以是图像拍摄设备自动设置的。
如果图像块过亮，说明该图像块过度曝光，过度曝光后的图像块会因为过白而导致该图像块无法清晰显示，也就是说明曝光参数的初始值对于该图像块来说设置地太高，则图像拍摄设备可以减小曝光参数的初始值。如果图像块过暗，说明该图像块曝光不足，曝光不足的图像块会因为太暗而导致该图像块无法清晰显示，也就是说明曝光参数的初始值对该图像块来说设置地太低，图像拍摄设备可以增大曝光参数的初始值。
在本发明实施例中，为了使得调整后的曝光参数的取值较为准确，图像拍摄设备可以设置每次调整曝光参数时的调整幅度。以曝光参数是曝光时间为例，例如每次调整曝光时间时的调整幅度可以是0.5ms。对于曝光参数的调整幅度可以设置的比较小，使得图像拍摄设备调整的曝光参数的取值较为精确。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备也可以不进行判断不清晰的图像块是否过亮或过暗的过程。这是因为，如果图像拍摄设备获取预览图像时，采用的曝光参数的初始值较小，那么图像拍摄设备获取的预览图像中的每个图像块的亮度均较低，一般不存在某个图像块显示过亮的情况。此时当图像块不清晰时，不需要判断该图像块是过亮还是过暗，图像拍摄设备默认该图像块是过暗的，所以对于这种情况，图像拍摄设备直接增大曝光参数的初始值即可。同理，如果图像拍摄设备获取预览图像时，采用的曝光参数的初始值比较大，那么图像拍摄设备获取的预览图像中的每个图像块的亮度均较大，一般不存在某个图像块显示过暗的情况，此时当图像块不清晰时，无需判断该图像块是过亮还是过暗，图像拍摄设备默认该图像块是过亮的。因此，对于这种情况，图像拍摄设备直接减小曝光参数的初始值即可。
当然，如果图像拍摄设备获取预览图像时，采用的曝光参数的初始值是任意设置的，那么当预览图像中存在不清晰的图像块时，图像拍摄设备仍然需要判断该图像块是否过亮 或者过暗。
在本发明实施例中，如果初始曝光参数对于一个图像块不合适，图像拍摄设备在调整初始曝光参数的过程中，该图像块中有可能出现新的对象。这是因为，在曝光参数的初始值不合适时，获取的预览图像中的对象个数可能小于真实景物中的对象个数，即预览图像中有些对象的边缘轮廓所围成的区域内实际上还包括其它的对象，但是受限于初始曝光参数不合适，这些其它的对象在预览图像无法显示，所以图像拍摄设备无法将其确定出来。以一个图像块为例，如果曝光参数的初始值对于该图像块来说设置的较小，即该图像块整体显示过暗，图像拍摄设备无法继续对该图像块进行分割。但实际上，在该图像块中可能不止一个对象，但是由于曝光参数的初始值比较小，图像拍摄设备无法将该图像块中的其他对象确定出来。相反的，如果曝光参数的初始值对于图像块设置的较大，即该图像块整体显示过亮，那么图像拍摄设备仍然无法继续对该图像块进行分割。但实际上，在该图像块中也可能包括不止一个对象，但是由于曝光参数的初始值太大，图像拍摄设备也无法该图像块中的其他对象确定出来。
作为一种可能的实现方式，图像拍摄设备在每次调整曝光参数的取值之后，可以重新以调整后的曝光参数的取值获取新的预览图像，并将该新的预览图像重新分割成不同的图像块，即每次调整曝光参数的取值之后，可以重新执行S101-S102。在原来的预览图像(以调整前的曝光参数的取值获取的预览图像)中可以清晰显示的图像块，由于图像拍摄设备并未改变该图像块的曝光参数的取值，所以在新的预览图像中该图像块也能清晰的显示，并且即使图像拍摄设备对新的预览图像重新分割也仍然会将该图像块作为单独的图像块，不会将该图像块分割成不同的子图像块。但是在原来的预览图像中不能清晰显示的图像块，由于图像拍摄设备将该图像块的曝光参数的取值进行了调整，所以在该图像块中可能会显示出新的对象，所以图像拍摄设备在重新分割新的预览图像时，可以将该图像块分割成不同的子图像块。
在本发明实施例中，当调整了初始曝光参数的之后，如果在某些图像块中可能出现新的对象。图像拍摄设备按照出现新的对象后的图像块中包含的P个子对象，将出现新的对象后的图像块分割成P个子图像块，P为正整数。对于P个子图像块，可以重复S103-104的过程，即图像拍摄设备确定P个子图像块中清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的Q个子图像块，Q为小于等于P的正整数。然后图像拍摄设备分别调整Q个子图像块的曝光参数，直到Q个子图像块的清晰度满足预设清晰度标准为止。
以曝光参数是曝光时间为例，用户想要在夜间拍摄景物，该景物中实际包括天空、灯笼以及房檐。由于图像拍摄设备获取预览图像时采用的曝光时间较短，所以预览图像中并不能清晰的显示景物中包括的所有对象。例如预览图像只包括2个对象即夜空和房檐，请参考图2中的第一张图像，那么图像拍摄设备将预览图像分割成两个图像块。图像拍摄设备经过判断确定预览图像中的夜空不清晰，房檐清晰。此时，图像拍摄设备确定初始曝光时间对于房檐来说较为合适，但对于夜空来说不合适。图像拍摄设备确定预览图像中夜空过暗，所以增大预览图像中夜空的曝光时间。由于曝光时间的增大，所以预览图像中夜空所在的区域内可能出现新的对象，请参考图2中的第二张图像。图像拍摄设备可以重新将预览图像中夜空对应的图像块分割成两个子图像块，即夜空和灯笼。此时图像拍摄设备可以继续判断预览图像中的灯笼所在的图像块是否清晰，如果不清晰，那么图像拍摄设备可以增大预览图像中灯笼所在的图像块的曝光时间，直到灯笼能够较为清晰的显示为止。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备将预览图像分割成不同的图像块，并调整清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的图像块的当前曝光参数。并且，在调整当前曝光参数之后，如果某一个图像块中出现了新的对象，图像拍摄设备将该新的对象重新分割出来，如果该新的对象不清晰，则继续调整该新的对象的曝光参数。通过该方法，最终使得拍摄的图像中能够较为清晰的显示真实景物中的每个对象。
在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备在每调整一次曝光参数之后，可以判断此次曝光参数的调整是否合适。下面介绍图像拍摄设备判定曝光参数的调整是否合适的一种可能的实现方式。
在本发明实施例中，如果图像拍摄设备调整了不清晰的M个图像块的当前曝光参数，则图像拍摄设备获取经过曝光参数调整的M个图像块的新的亮度值，按照新的亮度值对预览图像中所有图像块进行排序，获得新的排序结果。图像拍摄设备将新的排序结果与预先存储的初始排序结果比较，如果二者一致，那么图像拍摄设备判定此次对曝光参数的调整是合适的。
下面介绍图像拍摄设备获取初始排序结果的两种实现方式。
第一种实现方式，前面已经提到过，图像拍摄设备采用初始曝光参数获取预览图像，那么图像拍摄设备可以确定预览图像中每个图像块的初始亮度值，按照该初始亮度值对N个图像块进行排序，获得初始排序结果。这种方式操作简单，易于实现。
第二种实现方式，图像拍摄设备可以在不同的初始曝光参数下，对同样的景物分别获取两张的预览图像，然后对其中每张预览图像包括的N个图像块进行排序，获得两个排序结果，然后综合两个排序结果，获得较为准确的初始排序结果。这种方式，可以提高图像拍摄设备获取的初始排序结果的准确性。
举例来说，图像拍摄设备可以在初始曝光参数1下对景物进行采集，获取预览图像A，确定预览图像中包括N个对象，那么图像拍摄设备将预览图像A分割成N个图像块。图像拍摄设备按照N个图像块的亮度值对N个图像块进行排序，排序结果为C。图像拍摄设备可以在初始曝光参数2下对相同的景物进行采集，获取预览图像B，确定预览图像中包括M个对象，则图像拍摄设备将预览图像B分割成M个图像块，图像拍摄设备按照M个图像块的亮度值对M个图像块进行排序，排序结果为D。因此，图像拍摄设备可以取M和N的并集，确定预览图像中包括的所有图像块。然后，图像拍摄设备取C和D的并集，确定最终的排序结果。
前面已经提到过，如果曝光参数设置不合适时，预览图像中并不能将真实景物中的所有对象均显示出来，所以预览图像A和预览图像B中包括的对象的数量可能不同，所以预览图像A和预览图像B中包括的图像块的数量不同，即M和N可能不同。例如景物中实际具有两个对象，其中一个对象较亮，一个对象较暗。如果初始曝光参数1小于初始曝光参数2，那么预览图像A中可能只能显示出景物中1个对象即较亮的对象。预览图像B中可能显示出景物中的两个对象，即，既显示出了较亮的对象，也显示出了较暗的对象。因此，为了提高确定的初始排序结果的准确性，图像拍摄设备可以分别在较低的曝光参数和较高的曝光参数下获取两张不同的预览图像，使得最终确定的初始排序结果可以尽可能的涵盖真实景物中每个对象。
举例来说，图像拍摄设备确定预览图像A中包括4个对象，那么图像拍摄设备将预览图像A分割成4个图像块，例如分别为a、b、c、d。图像拍摄设备按照这4个图像块在预览图像A中的亮度值对这4个图像块进行排序，获得的排序结果是a>b>c>d(这里需要说明的 是，真实景物中实际上还包括对象e，但是在预览图像A中并没有显示出来，例如对象e实际包括于对象d所在的区域内，那么这里的排序其实是a>b>c>d＝e)。图像拍摄设备确定预览图像B中包括5个对象，那么图像拍摄设备将预览图像B分割成5个图像块，例如分别为a、b、c、d、e。图像拍摄设备按照这5个图像块在预览图像B中的亮度值对这5个图像块进行排序，获得的排序结果是a>b>c>d>e。图像拍摄设备将两个排序结果取并集，即获得的最终的排序结果为a>b>c>d≥e，该排序结果即可作为初始排序结果，图像拍摄设备可将其存储，以便后续使用。
这种判断曝光参数的调整是否合适的方式，从图像的整体进行考虑。例如真实景物中包括霓虹灯和路灯，霓虹灯的亮度远大于路灯的亮度。如果调整曝光参数的初始值之后，预览图像中路灯的亮度大于霓虹灯的亮度，便与真实情况不符合。因此，通过这种方式可以使得最终拍摄的图像较为准确的反映景物的真实情况。
图像拍摄设备判断对曝光参数的调整是否合适，会得到两种结果，即合适或者不合适。以图像拍摄设备已经将曝光参数的初始值已调整过多次为例，如果判断出对某个图像块的曝光参数的调整不合适，则说明继续调整会使得整个图像不符合景物的真实情况。因此图像拍摄设备可以将该图像块的曝光参数的取值恢复为上一次调整的曝光参数的取值，并且结束对该图像块的曝光参数的取值的调整。如果判断对某个图像块的曝光参数的取值的调整是合适的，则说明调整该图像块的曝光参数的取值后，整个图像也能较为符合景物的真实情况，为了尽可能的使得该图像块更加清晰，则可以继续判断该图像块是否清晰，如果不清晰，可以继续调整该图像块的曝光参数，直到该图像块清晰为止，或者直到确定对该图像块的曝光参数的调整不合适为止。即结束对曝光参数的调整过程。
S105、图像拍摄设备输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息。
在本发明实施例中，当图像拍摄设备完成对曝光参数的调整过程之后，可以输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息。提示信息的设置方式可以有多种，例如在预览图像上显示绿色线条等，对此本发明不作具体限定。
S106、图像拍摄设备接收用户输入的拍摄指令，基于调整后的曝光参数对拍摄预览窗中的预览图像进行拍摄。
在本发明实施例中，用户输入拍摄指令的方式可以有多种，例如点击“拍摄”按键、或者通过语音控制拍摄等，对此本发明不作具体的限定。
总结来说，在本发明实施例中，图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包括的N个对象将预览图像分割成N个图像块。图像拍摄设备可以对不同图像块分别使用不同的曝光参数进行拍摄控制，粒度较细。并且图像拍摄设备可以调整清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的图像块的曝光参数，使得满足预设清晰度标准。并且，在调整曝光参数的取值之后，如果某一个图像块中出现了新的对象，图像拍摄设备将该新的对象重新分割出来，如果该新的对象不清晰，则继续调整该新的对象的曝光参数。通过本发明实施例提供的图像拍摄方法，可以使得最终拍摄的图像中能够较为清晰的显示真实景物中的每个对象，提高了拍摄的图像的质量。
下面结合附图介绍本发明实施例提供的设备。
图3示出了一种图像拍摄装置300的结构示意图。该图像拍摄装置300可以实现上文中涉及的图像拍摄设备的功能。该图像拍摄装置300可以包括图像获取单元301、图像分割单元302、曝光调整单元303以及图像拍摄单元304。其中，图像获取单元301可以用 于执行图1所示的实施例中的S101，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程。图像分割单元302可以用于执行图1所示的实施例中的S102，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程。曝光调整单元303可以用于执行图1所示的实施例中的S103-S104，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程。图像拍摄单元304可以用于执行图1所示的实施例中的S105-S106，和/或用于支持本文所描述的技术的其它过程。其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例中，上述图像拍摄装置以功能单元的形式展示。在不受限制的情况下，本文所使用的术语“单元”可指执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、电子电路、(共享、专用或组)处理器以及存储器，组合逻辑电路，和/或提供所述功能的其它合适的部件。
在一个简单的实施例中，本领域的技术人员可以想到，还可以将图像拍摄装置300通过如图4所示的结构实现。
如图4所示，图像拍摄装置400可以包括：存储器401、处理器402和总线403。存储器401和处理器402可以通过总线403连接。其中，存储器401用于存储计算机执行指令，当图像拍摄装置400运行时，处理器402执行存储器401存储的计算机执行指令，以使图像拍摄装置400执行图1所示的实施例提供的图像拍摄方法。具体的图像拍摄方法可参考上文及附图中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
在本发明实施例中，处理器402可以是现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，***芯片(system on chip，SoC)，中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)，数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以采用可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。总线403可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。总线403可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图4中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供了一种图像拍摄方法以及图像拍摄装置。在该方法中，图像拍摄设备按照预览图像中包括的N个对象将预览图像分割成N个图像块。图像拍摄设备可以对不同图像块分别使用不同的曝光参数进行拍摄控制，粒度较细。并且图像拍摄设备可以调整清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的图像块的曝光参数，使得满足预设清晰度标准。并且，在调整曝光参数的取值之后，如果某一个图像块中出现了新的对象，图像拍摄设备将该新的对象重新分割出来，如果该新的对象不清晰，则继续调整该新的对象的曝光参数。通过本发明实施例提供的图像拍摄方法，可以使得最终拍摄的图像中能够较为清晰的显示真实景物中的每个对象，提高了拍摄的图像的质量。
在上述发明实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机 指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
以上实施例仅用以对本发明实施例的技术方案进行详细介绍，但以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明实施例的方法及其核心思想，不应该理解为对本申请的限制。本领域技术人员在本发明实施例揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明实施例的保护范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种图像拍摄方法，其特征在于，包括：
    图像拍摄设备在拍摄图像时，获取拍摄预览窗中的预览图像；
    所述图像拍摄设备按照所述预览图像中包含的N个对象，将所述预览图像分割成N个图像块，N为正整数；
    所述图像拍摄设备确定所述N个图像块中清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的M个图像块；M为小于等于N的正整数；
    所述图像拍摄设备分别调整所述M个图像块的曝光参数，直到所述M个图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止；
    所述图像拍摄设备输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息；
    所述图像拍摄设备接收用户输入的拍摄指令，基于调整后的曝光参数对所述拍摄预览窗中的预览图像进行拍摄。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述图像拍摄设备按照所述预览图像中包含的N个对象，将所述预览图像分割成N个图像块之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述图像拍摄设备通过边缘检测法对所述预览图像进行处理，确定所述预览图像包括的所述N个对象中的每个对象所在区域的边缘轮廓，得到N个边缘轮廓；
    所述图像拍摄设备根据所述每个对象的特征信息从N个边缘轮廓中确定N个对象。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括所述对象的亮度值和/或颜色信息。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像拍摄设备分别调整所述M个图像块的曝光参数，直到所述M个图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止，包括：
    所述图像拍摄设备获取所述M个图像块中的第一图像块的当前曝光参数，其中，所述当前曝光参数为获取所述预览图像中的所述第一图像块时所采用的曝光参数；
    所述图像拍摄设备根据所述第一图像块的亮度值调整所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止；
    其中，所述第一图像块为所述M个图像块中的任一图像块。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像拍摄设备根据所述第一图像块的亮度值调整所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止，包括：
    若所述第一图像块的亮度值小于预设亮度值，则所述图像拍摄设备增大所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止；或
    若所述第一图像块的亮度值大于所述预设亮度值，则所述图像拍摄设备减小所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像拍摄设备根据所述第一图像块的亮度值调整所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止，包括：
    在所述图像拍摄设备根据所述第一图像的亮度值调整所述第一图像块的当前曝光参 数的过程中，若所述第一图像块中出现新的对象，则所述图像拍摄设备按照出现新的对象后的第一图像块中包含的P个子对象，将所述出现新的对象后的第一图像块分割成P个子图像块，P为正整数；
    所述图像拍摄设备确定所述P个子图像块中清晰度不满足所述预设清晰度标准的Q个子图像块；Q为小于等于P的正整数；
    所述图像拍摄设备分别调整所述Q个子图像块的曝光参数，直到所述Q个子图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述图像拍摄设备调整所述M个图像块的曝光参数之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述图像拍摄设备按照所述N个图像块的亮度值对所述N个图像块进行排序；
    所述图像拍摄设备输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息，包括：
    若所述排序结果与预存的排序结果相同，则所述图像拍摄设备输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述曝光参数包括曝光时间和/或曝光强度。
  9. 一种图像拍摄装置，其特征在于，包括：
    图像获取单元，用于在拍摄图像时，获取拍摄预览窗中的预览图像；
    图像分割单元，用于按照所述预览图像中包含的N个对象，将所述预览图像分割成N个图像块，N为正整数；
    曝光调整单元，确定所述N个图像块中清晰度不满足预设清晰度标准的M个图像块；M为小于等于N的正整数；并分别调整所述M个图像块的曝光参数，直到所述M个图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止；
    图像拍摄单元，用于输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息；并接收用户输入的拍摄指令，基于调整后的曝光参数对所述拍摄预览窗中的预览图像进行拍摄。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述图像分割单元还用于：
    通过边缘检测法对所述预览图像进行处理，确定所述预览图像包括的所述N个对象中的每个对象所在区域的边缘轮廓，得到N个边缘轮廓；
    根据所述每个对象的特征信息从N个边缘轮廓中确定N个对象。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述曝光调整单元具体用于：
    获取所述M个图像块中的第一图像块的当前曝光参数，其中，所述当前曝光参数为获取所述预览图像中的所述第一图像块时所采用的曝光参数；
    根据所述第一图像块的亮度值调整所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止；
    其中，所述第一图像块为所述M个图像块中的任一图像块。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述曝光调整单元具体用于：
    若所述第一图像块的亮度值小于预设亮度值，则增大所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止；或
    若所述第一图像块的亮度值大于所述预设亮度值，则减小所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数，直到所述第一图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述曝光调整单元还用于：
    在根据所述第一图像的亮度值调整所述第一图像块的当前曝光参数的过程中，若所述第一图像块中出现新的对象，则按照出现新的对象后的第一图像块中包含的P个子对象，将所述出现新的对象后的第一图像块分割成P个子图像块，P为正整数；
    确定所述P个子图像块中清晰度不满足所述预设清晰度标准的Q个子图像块；Q为小于等于P的正整数；
    分别调整所述Q个子图像块的曝光参数，直到所述Q个子图像块的清晰度满足所述预设清晰度标准为止。
  14. 如权利要求9-13任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述曝光调整单元还用于：
    按照所述N个图像块的亮度值对所述N个图像块进行排序；
    所述图像拍摄单元具体用于：
    在所述排序结果与预存的排序结果相同时，输出用于指示用户拍摄图像的提示信息。
  15. 如权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述特征信息包括所述对象的亮度值和/或颜色信息。
  16. 如权利要求9-15任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述曝光参数包括曝光时间和/或曝光强度。
  17. 一种图像拍摄装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当所述处理器执行所述指令时，使所述图像拍摄装置执行如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的方法。
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