WO2018220894A1 - Microcomputer input switch - Google Patents

Microcomputer input switch Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018220894A1
WO2018220894A1 PCT/JP2018/002168 JP2018002168W WO2018220894A1 WO 2018220894 A1 WO2018220894 A1 WO 2018220894A1 JP 2018002168 W JP2018002168 W JP 2018002168W WO 2018220894 A1 WO2018220894 A1 WO 2018220894A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
state
current
microcomputer input
side contact
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PCT/JP2018/002168
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
明彦 山下
達也 古▲瀬▼
知里 中田
章平 鈴木
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本田技研工業株式会社
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Application filed by 本田技研工業株式会社 filed Critical 本田技研工業株式会社
Priority to JP2019521949A priority Critical patent/JP6783930B2/en
Priority to CN201880035641.7A priority patent/CN110692117B/en
Priority to MYPI2019006949A priority patent/MY194498A/en
Publication of WO2018220894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018220894A1/en
Priority to PH12019502368A priority patent/PH12019502368A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microcomputer input switch, and more particularly to a microcomputer input switch applied to a manual switch for operating a vehicle electrical device or the like.
  • Patent Document 1 in a brake switch electric circuit that operates a brake lamp using an LED as a light source, a contact point of a manual switch is wetted to generate a leak current, and the brake lamp is turned off even though the manual switch is off.
  • a configuration in which the ground of the semiconductor switch in the electric circuit is shared with the ground of the manual switch is disclosed.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems of the prior art and provide a non-waterproof switch with a microcomputer input switch that can detect the OFF state of the switch reliably with little contact corrosion even when wet.
  • the present invention detects an OFF state of the switch (5) in a microcomputer input switch having one contact (6) and the other contact (7) constituting the switch (5).
  • the first characteristic is that a constant current for outputting a pulse waveform is applied to the switch (5) as a current for the switching.
  • the second feature is that the constant current is a minute current of 100 mA or less.
  • the one side contact (6) or the other side contact (7) is connected to a voltage threshold value detection means (4) for detecting an OFF state of the switch (5), and the voltage threshold value detection means (4)
  • the control unit (8) determines the OFF state of the switch (5) based on the output signal of the output signal, and the control unit (8) causes the applied current to exceed a predetermined threshold (Va).
  • Va a predetermined threshold
  • the pulse width (T1) of the current applied to the switch (5) has a fourth feature in that the detected voltage value is set to a minimum value including a range exceeding a threshold value (Va). .
  • the sixth feature is that the application of current is stopped when the detected voltage value exceeds a threshold value (Va).
  • control unit (8) performs detection of the OFF state of the plurality of switches in a predetermined order, and the order is such that the detection interval of the OFF state of the switch requiring a fast response speed is shortened.
  • a seventh feature in that it is set.
  • the current for detecting the OFF state of the switch (5) As described above, since a constant current that outputs a pulse waveform is applied to the switch (5), it is possible to reduce the amount of energization when detecting the open / closed state of the switch, thereby minimizing contact erosion when wet. It becomes possible. In addition, since the pulse waveform is output as the current, it is possible to accurately detect the OFF state of the switch by monitoring the pulse waveform of the current.
  • the on-resistance can be kept low.
  • the constant current is a minute current of 100 mA or less, it is possible to minimize the progress of contact electrolytic corrosion.
  • the one-side contact (6) or the other-side contact (7) is connected to voltage threshold value detection means (4) for detecting an off state of the switch (5), and the voltage A control unit (8) that determines an off state of the switch (5) based on an output signal of the threshold detection means (4), and the control unit (8) has a predetermined threshold ( Since it is determined that the switch (5) is in an off state by exceeding Va), it is possible to reliably detect the off state of the switch using the pulse waveform mode.
  • the pulse width (T1) of the current applied to the switch (5) is set to a minimum value including a range in which the detected voltage value exceeds a threshold value (Va).
  • Va a threshold value
  • the detection of the OFF state of the switch (5) is executed a plurality of times within the pulse width (T1) of the current flowing through the switch (5), It becomes possible to improve detection accuracy.
  • the current application is stopped, so the current application time is shortened to minimize the contact corrosion at the time of water. It becomes possible.
  • control unit (8) performs detection of the OFF state of a plurality of switches in a predetermined order, and the order is detection of an OFF state of a switch that requires a fast response speed. Since the interval is set to be short, the response speed of the horn switch, the brake lamp switch, etc. can be increased.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of a switch circuit 1 to which the switch structure according to the present embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 1 shows an on state in which the switch 5 is closed
  • FIG. 2 shows an off state in which the switch 5 is opened.
  • the switch circuit 1 includes a switch 5 such as a horn switch that is switched on and off by a human operation, a transformer 2 that converts a power source current into a minute constant current, and a low voltage applied to the gate toward the drain from the source.
  • a P-type FET 3 through which a current flows, a voltage threshold value detection means 4 for detecting a threshold value of the output voltage of the FET 3, and a control unit (microcomputer) 8 that determines the on / off state of the switch 5 based on the output signal of the voltage threshold value detection means 4 Including.
  • the switch 5 which is a microcomputer input switch includes a first contact 6 located on the voltage threshold detection means 4 side and a second contact 7 located on the ground side.
  • the present embodiment is characterized in that a constant current that outputs a pulse waveform is applied as a current for detecting the OFF state of the switch 5.
  • the constant current can be applied immediately before the detection timing.
  • the current of the switch 5 is detected as the current for detecting the OFF state of the switch 5.
  • the constant current when an oxide film is generated, if the resistance value increases due to the generated oxide film, the voltage between the contacts rises to try to pass the specified current, and the oxide film can be destroyed.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the transition of the voltage of the input signal to the voltage threshold detection means 4 when the switch 5 is in the OFF state.
  • the current applied to the switch 5 via the transformer 2 is a minute current of 100 mA or less (for example, 7 mA). Thereby, the electric corrosion of a contact can be suppressed.
  • this minute current is a pulse current having a pulse waveform.
  • the switch is awaiting detection of an off state.
  • application of the input signal to the voltage threshold value detection means 4 is started, and the first pulse of the minute constant current starts to rise. Since the determination of the OFF state of the switch 5 is performed based on whether or not the pulse voltage exceeds a threshold value Va that is smaller than the peak voltage V2, it is possible to reliably detect the OFF state even if there is an influence of leakage current. it can.
  • the pulse width T1 of the constant current to be applied is set to the minimum value including the range in which the detected voltage value exceeds the threshold value Va based on the peak voltage V2. Thereby, it is possible to shorten the detection time of the OFF state of the switch 5.
  • a predetermined time T2 has elapsed from the start of constant current application at time t2
  • a predetermined time T3 has elapsed from the start of constant current application at time t3
  • the output voltage due to the constant current has peak voltage V2 at time t4. Shows the state of reaching.
  • the detection of the OFF state of the switch 5 is set to be executed a plurality of times within the pulse width T1 of the current flowing through the switch 5. be able to. Thereby, for example, it is possible to improve the noise toughness by determining that the switch 5 is in the OFF state when the voltage V exceeds the threshold value Va for five consecutive times.
  • the detected voltage value exceeds the threshold value Va it is set so that the current application is stopped immediately, and the current application time is shortened to minimize the contact corrosion at the time of flooding. You can also
  • control unit 8 is configured to detect the OFF state of a plurality of switches such as a horn switch and a brake lamp switch in a predetermined order. At this time, the detection order of the OFF state can be set so that the detection interval of the OFF state of the switch that requires a fast response speed is shortened. As a result, it is possible to detect the OFF state according to the required response speed of the switch.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the OFF state detection control 1 of the switch 5 according to the present embodiment.
  • the predetermined time shown below corresponds to the graph of FIG.
  • step S1 detection of the off-states of a plurality of switches is started.
  • step S2 application of a minute constant current is started.
  • step S3 it is determined whether or not the application elapsed time T has exceeded a predetermined time T2. If a positive determination is made in step S3, the process proceeds to step S4, and voltage detection is executed. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S3, the process returns to the determination in step S3.
  • step S5 it is determined whether or not the detected voltage V exceeds the threshold voltage Va. If an affirmative determination is made in step S5, the process proceeds to step S6, where it is determined that the switch is in an off state, and the application of the minute constant current is stopped in step S7, and the series of controls is terminated. If a negative determination is made in step S5, steps S6 and S7 are skipped, and the series of controls is terminated.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the OFF state detection control 2 of the switch 5 according to the present embodiment.
  • the energization is stopped after the switch V is determined to be off because the voltage V has exceeded the threshold value Va for five consecutive times. Therefore, highly accurate detection can be performed in a short time.
  • step S10 detection of an off state of a plurality of switches is started.
  • step S11 application of a minute constant current is started.
  • step S12 it is determined whether or not the application elapsed time T has exceeded a predetermined time T2. If a positive determination is made in step S12, the process proceeds to step S13, and voltage detection is executed. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S12, the process returns to the determination in step S12.
  • step S14 it is determined whether or not the detected voltage V exceeds the threshold voltage Va. If a positive determination is made in step S14, the process proceeds to step S15, and the off detection counter is incremented (+1). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S14, step S15 is skipped and the process proceeds to step S16.
  • step S16 it is determined whether or not the application elapsed time T is less than the predetermined time T3. If a positive determination is made in step S16, the process returns to step S13. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S16, the process proceeds to step S17.
  • step S17 it is determined whether or not the off detection counter number Nc exceeds five. If an affirmative determination is made in step S17, the process proceeds to step S18, where it is determined that the switch is in an off state. In step S19, the off detection counter is reset. In step S20, the application of the minute constant current is stopped, and the series of controls is terminated.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a change in the switch contact when used for a long time in a wet condition.
  • (A) shows the state which applied the electric current by the method which concerns on this embodiment
  • (b) shows the state which applied the electric current by the conventional system.
  • the electric corrosion progresses quickly because the current is continuously applied to the switch in order to detect the off state of the switch, whereas in the present embodiment shown in (a), almost no switch contact is present. It can be seen that no electrolytic corrosion has occurred.
  • the microcomputer input switch according to the present invention is not limited to a handle switch of a motorcycle, and can be applied to switches of various vehicles and power units.

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Abstract

This microcomputer input switch exhibits little contact point electrical corrosion even when exposed to water and can detect an OFF state of a switch with certainty. The microcomputer input switch has a one-side contact point (6) and another-side contact point (7) that constitute a switch (5), wherein a constant current output with a pulsed waveform is applied to the switch (5) as a current for detecting an OFF state of the switch (5). The constant current is a very small current of 100 mA or less. The one-side contact point (6) or the other-side contact point (7) is connected to a voltage threshold detection means (4) that detects the OFF state of the switch (5). A control unit (8) is provided that determines the OFF state of the switch (5) on the basis of an output signal of the voltage threshold detection means (4). The control unit (8) determines that the switch (5) is in the OFF state if the applied current exceeds a predetermined threshold (Va).

Description

マイコン入力用スイッチMicrocomputer input switch
　本発明は、マイコン入力用スイッチに係り、特に、車両の電装機器等を作動させる手動スイッチに適用されるマイコン入力用スイッチに関する。 The present invention relates to a microcomputer input switch, and more particularly to a microcomputer input switch applied to a manual switch for operating a vehicle electrical device or the like.
　従来から、ホーンスイッチやスタータスイッチ等、車両の電装機器を作動させる手動スイッチにおいて、スイッチの接点が雨等の水分によって被水した場合の電装機器の誤作動を防ぐ試みが行われている。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in manual switches such as horn switches and starter switches that operate vehicle electrical equipment, attempts have been made to prevent malfunction of electrical equipment when the switch contacts are exposed to moisture such as rain.
　特許文献１には、ＬＥＤを光源とするブレーキランプを作動させるブレーキスイッチの電気回路において、手動スイッチの接点が被水してリーク電流が発生し、手動スイッチがオフであるにもかかわらずブレーキランプが作動することを防ぐために、電気回路中の半導体スイッチのグランドを手動スイッチのグランドと共通化した構成が開示されている。 In Patent Document 1, in a brake switch electric circuit that operates a brake lamp using an LED as a light source, a contact point of a manual switch is wetted to generate a leak current, and the brake lamp is turned off even though the manual switch is off. In order to prevent the operation of the semiconductor switch, a configuration in which the ground of the semiconductor switch in the electric circuit is shared with the ground of the manual switch is disclosed.
特許第５９５５７２７号公報Japanese Patent No. 5955727
　しかし、特許文献１に開示されたスイッチ回路は、２つの半導体スイッチを必要とするためにコストが上昇するという課題があった。また、スイッチの開閉状態を検出するための電流により生じる接点電蝕の防止に関しては検討されていなかった。 However, the switch circuit disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the cost increases because two semiconductor switches are required. In addition, there has been no study on prevention of contact corrosion caused by current for detecting the open / close state of the switch.
　本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の課題を解決し、非防水スイッチにおいて、被水時でも接点電蝕が少なく、スイッチのオフ状態を確実に検知できるマイコン入力用スイッチを提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems of the prior art and provide a non-waterproof switch with a microcomputer input switch that can detect the OFF state of the switch reliably with little contact corrosion even when wet.
　前記目的を達成するために、本発明は、スイッチ（５）を構成する一方側接点（６）および他方側接点（７）を有するマイコン入力用スイッチにおいて、前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を検出するための電流として、パルス波形が出力される定電流を前記スイッチ（５）に印加する点に第１の特徴がある。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention detects an OFF state of the switch (5) in a microcomputer input switch having one contact (6) and the other contact (7) constituting the switch (5). The first characteristic is that a constant current for outputting a pulse waveform is applied to the switch (5) as a current for the switching.
　また、前記定電流が１００ｍＡ以下の微小電流である点に第２の特徴がある。 The second feature is that the constant current is a minute current of 100 mA or less.
　また、前記一方側接点（６）または他方側接点（７）が、前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を検知する電圧閾値検出手段（４）に接続されており、前記電圧閾値検出手段（４）の出力信号に基づいて前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を判断する制御部（８）を備え、前記制御部（８）は、前記印加した電流が予め定められた閾値（Ｖａ）を超えることで前記スイッチ（５）がオフ状態であると判断する点に第３の特徴がある。 The one side contact (6) or the other side contact (7) is connected to a voltage threshold value detection means (4) for detecting an OFF state of the switch (5), and the voltage threshold value detection means (4) The control unit (8) determines the OFF state of the switch (5) based on the output signal of the output signal, and the control unit (8) causes the applied current to exceed a predetermined threshold (Va). A third feature is that it is determined that the switch (5) is in an OFF state.
　また、前記スイッチ（５）に印加する電流のパルスの幅（Ｔ１）は、前記検出される電圧値が閾値（Ｖａ）を超える範囲を含む最小値に設定される点に第４の特徴がある。 The pulse width (T1) of the current applied to the switch (5) has a fourth feature in that the detected voltage value is set to a minimum value including a range exceeding a threshold value (Va). .
　また、前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態の検出が、前記スイッチ（５）に通電する電流のパルスの幅（Ｔ１）内で複数回実行される点に第５の特徴がある。 Further, there is a fifth feature in that the detection of the off state of the switch (5) is executed a plurality of times within the pulse width (T1) of the current flowing through the switch (5).
　また、前記検出される電圧値が閾値（Ｖａ）を超えると電流の印加を停止する点に第６の特徴がある。 Further, the sixth feature is that the application of current is stopped when the detected voltage value exceeds a threshold value (Va).
　さらに、前記制御部（８）は、複数のスイッチのオフ状態の検出を予め定められた順序で実行し、前記順序は、早い応答速度が必要なスイッチのオフ状態の検出インタバルが短くなるように設定されている点に第７の特徴がある。 Further, the control unit (8) performs detection of the OFF state of the plurality of switches in a predetermined order, and the order is such that the detection interval of the OFF state of the switch requiring a fast response speed is shortened. There is a seventh feature in that it is set.
　第１の特徴によれば、スイッチ（５）を構成する一方側接点（６）および他方側接点（７）を有するマイコン入力用スイッチにおいて、前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を検出するための電流として、パルス波形が出力される定電流を前記スイッチ（５）に印加するので、スイッチの開閉状態を検出する際の通電量を低減して、被水時の接点電蝕を最小化することが可能となる。また、パルス波形が出力される電流とするので、電流のパルス波形を監視することでスイッチのオフ状態を精度よく検出することが可能となる。さらに、定電流とした場合は、酸化膜によって抵抗値が上がると、規定電流を流そうとして、接点間の電圧が上昇して酸化膜が破壊されることとなり、酸化膜の生成を抑えることができる。これにより、オン抵抗を低く保つことが可能になる。 According to the first feature, in the microcomputer input switch having the one side contact (6) and the other side contact (7) constituting the switch (5), the current for detecting the OFF state of the switch (5) As described above, since a constant current that outputs a pulse waveform is applied to the switch (5), it is possible to reduce the amount of energization when detecting the open / closed state of the switch, thereby minimizing contact erosion when wet. It becomes possible. In addition, since the pulse waveform is output as the current, it is possible to accurately detect the OFF state of the switch by monitoring the pulse waveform of the current. Furthermore, when the resistance is increased by the oxide film when the constant current is used, the voltage between the contacts rises and the oxide film is destroyed by trying to pass the specified current, thereby suppressing the generation of the oxide film. it can. As a result, the on-resistance can be kept low.
　第２の特徴によれば、前記定電流が１００ｍＡ以下の微小電流であるので、接点電蝕の進行を最小限に抑えることができる。 According to the second feature, since the constant current is a minute current of 100 mA or less, it is possible to minimize the progress of contact electrolytic corrosion.
　第３の特徴によれば、前記一方側接点（６）または他方側接点（７）が、前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を検知する電圧閾値検出手段（４）に接続されており、前記電圧閾値検出手段（４）の出力信号に基づいて前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を判断する制御部（８）を備え、前記制御部（８）は、前記印加した電流が予め定められた閾値（Ｖａ）を超えることで前記スイッチ（５）がオフ状態であると判断するので、パルス波形の態様を利用して、スイッチのオフ状態を確実に検知することが可能となる。 According to a third feature, the one-side contact (6) or the other-side contact (7) is connected to voltage threshold value detection means (4) for detecting an off state of the switch (5), and the voltage A control unit (8) that determines an off state of the switch (5) based on an output signal of the threshold detection means (4), and the control unit (8) has a predetermined threshold ( Since it is determined that the switch (5) is in an off state by exceeding Va), it is possible to reliably detect the off state of the switch using the pulse waveform mode.
　第４の特徴によれば、前記スイッチ（５）に印加する電流のパルスの幅（Ｔ１）は、前記検出される電圧値が閾値（Ｖａ）を超える範囲を含む最小値に設定されるので、スイッチのオフ状態の検出時間を短くすることができ、被水時の電蝕を最小限に抑えることができる。 According to the fourth feature, the pulse width (T1) of the current applied to the switch (5) is set to a minimum value including a range in which the detected voltage value exceeds a threshold value (Va). The detection time of the switch off state can be shortened, and the electric corrosion at the time of flooding can be minimized.
　第５の特徴によれば、前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態の検出が、前記スイッチ（５）に通電する電流のパルスの幅（Ｔ１）内で複数回実行されるので、スイッチのオフ状態の検出精度を高めることが可能となる。 According to the fifth feature, since the detection of the OFF state of the switch (5) is executed a plurality of times within the pulse width (T1) of the current flowing through the switch (5), It becomes possible to improve detection accuracy.
　第６の特徴によれば、前記検出される電圧値が閾値（Ｖａ）を超えると電流の印加を停止するので、電流の印加時間を短くして、被水時の接点電蝕を最小化することが可能となる。 According to the sixth feature, when the detected voltage value exceeds the threshold value (Va), the current application is stopped, so the current application time is shortened to minimize the contact corrosion at the time of water. It becomes possible.
　第７の特徴によれば、前記制御部（８）は、複数のスイッチのオフ状態の検出を予め定められた順序で実行し、前記順序は、早い応答速度が必要なスイッチのオフ状態の検出インタバルが短くなるように設定されているので、ホーンスイッチやブレーキランプスイッチ等の応答速度を早くすることができる。 According to a seventh feature, the control unit (8) performs detection of the OFF state of a plurality of switches in a predetermined order, and the order is detection of an OFF state of a switch that requires a fast response speed. Since the interval is set to be short, the response speed of the horn switch, the brake lamp switch, etc. can be increased.
本実施形態に係るスイッチ構造を適用したスイッチ回路の模式図である（スイッチオン状態）。It is a schematic diagram of the switch circuit to which the switch structure according to the present embodiment is applied (switch on state). 本実施形態に係るスイッチ構造を適用したスイッチ回路の模式図である（スイッチオフ状態）。It is a schematic diagram of the switch circuit to which the switch structure according to the present embodiment is applied (switch off state). スイッチがオフ状態における電圧閾値検出手段への入力信号の電圧の推移を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows transition of the voltage of the input signal to the voltage threshold value detection means in a switch-off state. スイッチのオフ状態検出制御１の手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the OFF state detection control 1 of a switch. スイッチのオフ状態検出制御２の手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the OFF state detection control 2 of a switch. 被水状態で長時間使用した際のスイッチ接点の変化を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the change of a switch contact at the time of using it for a long time in a flooded state.
　以下、図面を参照して本発明の好ましい実施の形態について詳細に説明する。図１，２は、本実施形態に係るスイッチ構造を適用したスイッチ回路１の模式図である。図１はスイッチ５が閉じたオン状態を示し、図２はスイッチ５が開いたオフ状態を示す。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of a switch circuit 1 to which the switch structure according to the present embodiment is applied. FIG. 1 shows an on state in which the switch 5 is closed, and FIG. 2 shows an off state in which the switch 5 is opened.
　スイッチ回路１は、人間の操作によりオンオフ状態を切り替えるホーンスイッチ等のスイッチ５と、電源電流を微小定電流に変換する変圧器２と、ゲートに低い電圧を印加することでソースからドレインに向かって電流を流すＰ型のＦＥＴ３と、ＦＥＴ３の出力電圧の閾値を検出する電圧閾値検出手段４と、電圧閾値検出手段４の出力信号に基づいてスイッチ５のオンオフ状態を判断する制御部（マイコン）８とを含む。 The switch circuit 1 includes a switch 5 such as a horn switch that is switched on and off by a human operation, a transformer 2 that converts a power source current into a minute constant current, and a low voltage applied to the gate toward the drain from the source. A P-type FET 3 through which a current flows, a voltage threshold value detection means 4 for detecting a threshold value of the output voltage of the FET 3, and a control unit (microcomputer) 8 that determines the on / off state of the switch 5 based on the output signal of the voltage threshold value detection means 4 Including.
　マイコン入力用スイッチであるスイッチ５は、電圧閾値検出手段４の側に位置する一方側接点６と、グランド側に位置する他方側接点７とからなる。本実施形態では、スイッチ５のオフ状態を検出するための電流として、パルス波形が出力される定電流を印加する点に特徴がある。なお、定電流の印加は、検出タイミングの直前に行うことができる。 The switch 5 which is a microcomputer input switch includes a first contact 6 located on the voltage threshold detection means 4 side and a second contact 7 located on the ground side. The present embodiment is characterized in that a constant current that outputs a pulse waveform is applied as a current for detecting the OFF state of the switch 5. The constant current can be applied immediately before the detection timing.
　従来は、スイッチ５のオフ状態を検出するため、スイッチに電流を印加し続ける方式とされていた。このため、一方側接点６と他方側接点７との間に導電性液体Ｗが満たされると、導電性液体Ｗを介してリーク電流が流れ、スイッチ５のオフ状態の検出が難しくなると共に、リーク電流により接点に電蝕が発生するという課題があった。このような導電性液体Ｗは、海水のほか、例えば、自動二輪車のハンドルスイッチケースに侵入した雨水や洗車時の水等で生成されることも考えられる。 Conventionally, in order to detect the OFF state of the switch 5, a method of continuously applying current to the switch has been adopted. For this reason, when the conductive liquid W is filled between the one side contact 6 and the other side contact 7, a leakage current flows through the conductive liquid W, and it becomes difficult to detect the OFF state of the switch 5. There was a problem that electric corrosion occurred at the contact point due to the current. In addition to seawater, such a conductive liquid W may be generated by, for example, rain water that has entered a steering wheel switch case of a motorcycle, water at the time of car washing, or the like.
　本実施形態では、電圧閾値検出手段４への入力信号が所定閾値を超えることでスイッチ５がオフ状態であると判断する構成において、スイッチ５のオフ状態を検出するための電流として、スイッチ５のオフ状態の検出タイミングの直前に、パルス波形が出力される定電流を印加することにより、スイッチ５が被水した状態でも接点の電蝕を防ぐと共に、確実にスイッチ５のオフ状態を検知することが可能となる。また、定電流のため、酸化膜が発生した際は、生成された酸化膜により抵抗値が上がると規定電流を流そうとして接点間の電圧が上昇し、酸化膜を破壊することが可能となる。 In the present embodiment, in the configuration in which it is determined that the switch 5 is in the OFF state when the input signal to the voltage threshold detection unit 4 exceeds the predetermined threshold, the current of the switch 5 is detected as the current for detecting the OFF state of the switch 5. Immediately before the detection timing of the OFF state, by applying a constant current that outputs a pulse waveform, it is possible to prevent contact corrosion and to detect the OFF state of the switch 5 reliably even when the switch 5 is wet. Is possible. In addition, because of the constant current, when an oxide film is generated, if the resistance value increases due to the generated oxide film, the voltage between the contacts rises to try to pass the specified current, and the oxide film can be destroyed. .
　図３は、スイッチ５がオフ状態における電圧閾値検出手段４への入力信号の電圧の推移を示すグラフである。前記したように、変圧器２を介してスイッチ５に印加される電流は、１００ｍＡ以下（例えば、７ｍА）の微小電流とされる。これにより、接点の電蝕を抑えることができる。 FIG. 3 is a graph showing the transition of the voltage of the input signal to the voltage threshold detection means 4 when the switch 5 is in the OFF state. As described above, the current applied to the switch 5 via the transformer 2 is a minute current of 100 mA or less (for example, 7 mA). Thereby, the electric corrosion of a contact can be suppressed.
　さらに、本実施形態では、この微小電流を、パルス波形をなすパルス電流としている。これにより、電流のパルス波形を監視することでスイッチのオフ状態を検知することが容易となり、さらに、印加する電流の電気量を抑えて接点の電蝕が低減されることとなる。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, this minute current is a pulse current having a pulse waveform. Thereby, it becomes easy to detect the OFF state of the switch by monitoring the pulse waveform of the current, and further, the electric amount of the applied current is suppressed, and the electric corrosion of the contact is reduced.
　時刻ｔ＝０では、スイッチのオフ状態の検出待ちの状態にある。時刻ｔ１では、電圧閾値検出手段４への入力信号の印加が開始され、微小定電流の最初のパルスが立ち上がりを開始する。そして、スイッチ５のオフ状態の判定は、パルスの電圧が、ピーク電圧Ｖ２より小さい閾値Ｖａを超えたか否かにより行われるので、リーク電流の影響があっても確実にオフ状態を検知することができる。 At time t = 0, the switch is awaiting detection of an off state. At time t1, application of the input signal to the voltage threshold value detection means 4 is started, and the first pulse of the minute constant current starts to rise. Since the determination of the OFF state of the switch 5 is performed based on whether or not the pulse voltage exceeds a threshold value Va that is smaller than the peak voltage V2, it is possible to reliably detect the OFF state even if there is an influence of leakage current. it can.
　ここで、印加する定電流のパルスの幅Ｔ１は、ピーク電圧Ｖ２に基づいて、検出される電圧値が閾値Ｖａを超える範囲を含む最小値に設定される。これにより、スイッチ５のオフ状態の検出時間を短くすることが可能となる。このグラフでは、時刻ｔ２において定電流の印加開始から所定時間Ｔ２が経過し、時刻ｔ３において定電流の印加開始から所定時間Ｔ３が経過し、また、時刻ｔ４において定電流による出力電圧がピーク電圧Ｖ２に達する状態を示している。 Here, the pulse width T1 of the constant current to be applied is set to the minimum value including the range in which the detected voltage value exceeds the threshold value Va based on the peak voltage V2. Thereby, it is possible to shorten the detection time of the OFF state of the switch 5. In this graph, a predetermined time T2 has elapsed from the start of constant current application at time t2, a predetermined time T3 has elapsed from the start of constant current application at time t3, and the output voltage due to the constant current has peak voltage V2 at time t4. Shows the state of reaching.
　また、本実施形態では、スイッチ５のオフ状態の検出精度を高めるために、スイッチ５のオフ状態の検出を、スイッチ５に通電する電流のパルスの幅Ｔ１内で複数回実行するように設定することができる。これにより、例えば、５回連続して電圧Ｖが閾値Ｖａを超えたことでスイッチ５がオフ状態であると判定することとして、ノイズタフネス性を高めることが可能となる。 Further, in the present embodiment, in order to improve the detection accuracy of the OFF state of the switch 5, the detection of the OFF state of the switch 5 is set to be executed a plurality of times within the pulse width T1 of the current flowing through the switch 5. be able to. Thereby, for example, it is possible to improve the noise toughness by determining that the switch 5 is in the OFF state when the voltage V exceeds the threshold value Va for five consecutive times.
　さらに、別の方法として、検出される電圧値が閾値Ｖａを超えると、直ちに電流の印加を停止するように設定し、電流の印加時間の短縮を図って被水時の接点電蝕を最小化することもできる。 Furthermore, as another method, when the detected voltage value exceeds the threshold value Va, it is set so that the current application is stopped immediately, and the current application time is shortened to minimize the contact corrosion at the time of flooding. You can also
　一方、制御部８は、ホーンスイッチやブレーキランプスイッチ等の複数のスイッチのオフ状態の検出を予め定められた順序で実行するように構成されている。このとき、オフ状態の検出の順序を、早い応答速度が必要なスイッチのオフ状態の検出インタバルが短くなるように設定することができる。これにより、スイッチの要求応答速度に応じたオフ状態の検出が可能となる。 On the other hand, the control unit 8 is configured to detect the OFF state of a plurality of switches such as a horn switch and a brake lamp switch in a predetermined order. At this time, the detection order of the OFF state can be set so that the detection interval of the OFF state of the switch that requires a fast response speed is shortened. As a result, it is possible to detect the OFF state according to the required response speed of the switch.
　図４は、本実施形態に係るスイッチ５のオフ状態検出制御１の手順を示すフローチャートである。以下に示す所定時間等は、図３のグラフに対応する。スイッチオフ状態検出制御として、ステップＳ１では、複数のスイッチのオフ状態の検出が開始される。ステップＳ２では、微小定電流の印加が開始される。ステップＳ３では、印加経過時間Ｔが所定時間Ｔ２を超えたか否かが判定される。ステップＳ３で肯定判定されると、ステップＳ４に進み、電圧検出が実行される。一方、ステップＳ３で否定判定されるとステップＳ３の判定に戻る。 FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the OFF state detection control 1 of the switch 5 according to the present embodiment. The predetermined time shown below corresponds to the graph of FIG. As switch-off state detection control, in step S1, detection of the off-states of a plurality of switches is started. In step S2, application of a minute constant current is started. In step S3, it is determined whether or not the application elapsed time T has exceeded a predetermined time T2. If a positive determination is made in step S3, the process proceeds to step S4, and voltage detection is executed. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S3, the process returns to the determination in step S3.
　ステップＳ５では、検出電圧Ｖが閾値電圧Ｖａを超えたか否かが判定される。ステップＳ５で肯定判定されると、ステップＳ６に進んでスイッチがオフ状態であると判定されると共に、ステップＳ７で微小定電流の印加が停止されて、一連の制御を終了する。なお、ステップＳ５で否定判定されると、ステップＳ６，Ｓ７をスキップして一連の制御を終了する。 In step S5, it is determined whether or not the detected voltage V exceeds the threshold voltage Va. If an affirmative determination is made in step S5, the process proceeds to step S6, where it is determined that the switch is in an off state, and the application of the minute constant current is stopped in step S7, and the series of controls is terminated. If a negative determination is made in step S5, steps S6 and S7 are skipped, and the series of controls is terminated.
　図５は、本実施形態に係るスイッチ５のオフ状態検出制御２の手順を示すフローチャートである。前記したように、所定のパルス幅内で複数回の検出を行う際には、例えば、５回連続して電圧Ｖが閾値Ｖａを超えたことでスイッチのオフ判定を行ってから通電を停止することができるため、より精度の高い検出を短時間でできる。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the OFF state detection control 2 of the switch 5 according to the present embodiment. As described above, when detection is performed a plurality of times within a predetermined pulse width, for example, the energization is stopped after the switch V is determined to be off because the voltage V has exceeded the threshold value Va for five consecutive times. Therefore, highly accurate detection can be performed in a short time.
　ステップＳ１０では、複数のスイッチのオフ状態の検出が開始される。ステップＳ１１では、微小定電流の印加が開始される。ステップＳ１２では、印加経過時間Ｔが所定時間Ｔ２を超えたか否かが判定される。ステップＳ１２で肯定判定されると、ステップＳ１３に進み、電圧検出が実行される。一方、ステップＳ１２で否定判定されるとステップＳ１２の判定に戻る。 In step S10, detection of an off state of a plurality of switches is started. In step S11, application of a minute constant current is started. In step S12, it is determined whether or not the application elapsed time T has exceeded a predetermined time T2. If a positive determination is made in step S12, the process proceeds to step S13, and voltage detection is executed. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S12, the process returns to the determination in step S12.
　ステップＳ１４では、検出電圧Ｖが閾値電圧Ｖａを超えたか否かが判定される。ステップＳ１４で肯定判定されると、ステップＳ１５に進んでオフ検出カウンタがインクリメント（＋１）される。一方、ステップＳ１４で否定判定されると、ステップＳ１５をスキップしてステップＳ１６に進む。 In step S14, it is determined whether or not the detected voltage V exceeds the threshold voltage Va. If a positive determination is made in step S14, the process proceeds to step S15, and the off detection counter is incremented (+1). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S14, step S15 is skipped and the process proceeds to step S16.
　ステップＳ１６では、印加経過時間Ｔが所定時間Ｔ３未満であるか否かが判定される。ステップＳ１６で肯定判定されると、ステップＳ１３に戻る。一方、ステップＳ１６で否定判定されると、ステップＳ１７に進む。 In step S16, it is determined whether or not the application elapsed time T is less than the predetermined time T3. If a positive determination is made in step S16, the process returns to step S13. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S16, the process proceeds to step S17.
　ステップＳ１７では、オフ検出カウンタ数Ｎｃが５回を超えたか否かが判定される。ステップＳ１７で肯定判定されると、ステップＳ１８に進んでスイッチがオフ状態であると判定される。そして、ステップＳ１９では、オフ検出カウンタがリセットされて、ステップＳ２０で微小定電流の印加が停止されて、一連の制御を終了する。 In step S17, it is determined whether or not the off detection counter number Nc exceeds five. If an affirmative determination is made in step S17, the process proceeds to step S18, where it is determined that the switch is in an off state. In step S19, the off detection counter is reset. In step S20, the application of the minute constant current is stopped, and the series of controls is terminated.
　図６は、被水状態で長時間使用した際のスイッチ接点の変化を示す図である。（ａ）は、本実施形態に係る方法によって電流を印加した状態を示し、（ｂ）は、従来方式によって電流を印加した状態を示す。（ｂ）の従来方式では、スイッチのオフ状態を検出するためにスイッチに電流を印加し続けるために電蝕が早く進行するのに対し、（ａ）に示す本実施形態では、スイッチ接点にほとんど電蝕が生じていないことがわかる。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a change in the switch contact when used for a long time in a wet condition. (A) shows the state which applied the electric current by the method which concerns on this embodiment, (b) shows the state which applied the electric current by the conventional system. In the conventional method of (b), the electric corrosion progresses quickly because the current is continuously applied to the switch in order to detect the off state of the switch, whereas in the present embodiment shown in (a), almost no switch contact is present. It can be seen that no electrolytic corrosion has occurred.
　なお、スイッチの構成、変圧器、ＦＥＴ、電圧閾値検出手段、一方側接点および他方側接点の形状や構造、パルス幅や閾値等は、上記実施形態に限られず、種々の変更が可能である。本発明に係るマイコン入力用スイッチは、自動二輪車のハンドルスイッチに限られず、種々の車両や動力装置のスイッチに適用することが可能である。 In addition, the configuration of the switch, the transformer, the FET, the voltage threshold value detection means, the shape and structure of the one side contact and the other side contact, the pulse width, the threshold value, and the like are not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made. The microcomputer input switch according to the present invention is not limited to a handle switch of a motorcycle, and can be applied to switches of various vehicles and power units.
　１…スイッチ回路、２…変圧器、３…ＦＥＴ、４…電圧閾値検出手段、５…スイッチ、６…一方側接点、７…他方側接点、８…制御部、Ｖ２…パルスのピーク電圧、Ｖａ…閾値、Ｗ…導電性液体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Switch circuit, 2 ... Transformer, 3 ... FET, 4 ... Voltage threshold value detection means, 5 ... Switch, 6 ... One side contact, 7 ... Other side contact, 8 ... Control part, V2 ... Pulse peak voltage, Va ... threshold, W ... conductive liquid

Claims (7)

  1. 　スイッチ（５）を構成する一方側接点（６）および他方側接点（７）を有するマイコン入力用スイッチにおいて、
    　前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を検出するための電流として、パルス波形が出力される定電流を前記スイッチ（５）に印加することを特徴とするマイコン入力用スイッチ。     In the microcomputer input switch having one side contact (6) and the other side contact (7) constituting the switch (5),
    A microcomputer input switch, wherein a constant current for outputting a pulse waveform is applied to the switch (5) as a current for detecting an off state of the switch (5).
  2. 　前記定電流が、１００ｍＡ以下の微小電流であることを特徴の請求項１に記載のマイコン入力用スイッチ。 The microcomputer input switch according to claim 1, wherein the constant current is a minute current of 100 mA or less.
  3. 　前記一方側接点（６）または他方側接点（７）が、前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を検知する電圧閾値検出手段（４）に接続されており、
    　前記電圧閾値検出手段（４）の出力信号に基づいて前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態を判断する制御部（８）を備え、
    　前記制御部（８）は、前記印加した電流が予め定められた閾値（Ｖａ）を超えることで前記スイッチ（５）がオフ状態であると判断することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載のマイコン入力用スイッチ。     The one side contact (6) or the other side contact (7) is connected to a voltage threshold value detection means (4) for detecting the OFF state of the switch (5),
    A control section (8) for determining an off state of the switch (5) based on an output signal of the voltage threshold detection means (4);
    The said control part (8) judges that the said switch (5) is an OFF state because the said applied electric current exceeds the predetermined threshold value (Va), The switch (5) is characterized by the above-mentioned. Microcomputer input switch.
  4. 　前記スイッチ（５）に印加する電流のパルスの幅（Ｔ１）は、前記検出される電圧値が閾値（Ｐａ）を超える範囲を含む最小値に設定されることを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載のマイコン入力用スイッチ。 The pulse width (T1) of the current applied to the switch (5) is set to a minimum value including a range in which the detected voltage value exceeds a threshold value (Pa). The switch for microcomputer input in any one of.
  5. 　前記スイッチ（５）のオフ状態の検出が、前記スイッチ（５）に通電する電流のパルスの幅（Ｔ１）内で複数回実行されることを特徴とする請求項３に記載のマイコン入力用スイッチ。 4. The microcomputer input switch according to claim 3, wherein the detection of the OFF state of the switch (5) is performed a plurality of times within a pulse width (T1) of a current flowing through the switch (5). .
  6. 　前記検出される電圧値が閾値（Ｖａ）を超えると、電流の印加を停止することを特徴とする請求項３に記載のマイコン入力用スイッチ。 4. The microcomputer input switch according to claim 3, wherein when the detected voltage value exceeds a threshold value (Va), application of current is stopped.
  7. 　前記制御部（８）は、複数のスイッチのオフ状態の検出を予め定められた順序で実行し、
    　前記順序は、早い応答速度が必要なスイッチのオフ状態の検出インタバルが短くなるように設定されていることを特徴とする請求項３に記載のマイコン入力用スイッチ。     The control unit (8) performs detection of an off state of the plurality of switches in a predetermined order,
    4. The microcomputer input switch according to claim 3, wherein the order is set so that a detection interval of an off state of a switch requiring a high response speed is shortened.
PCT/JP2018/002168 2017-05-31 2018-01-24 Microcomputer input switch WO2018220894A1 (en)

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JP2019521949A JP6783930B2 (en) 2017-05-31 2018-01-24 Microcomputer input switch
CN201880035641.7A CN110692117B (en) 2017-05-31 2018-01-24 Switch for microcomputer input
MYPI2019006949A MY194498A (en) 2017-05-31 2018-01-24 Microcomputer input switch
PH12019502368A PH12019502368A1 (en) 2017-05-31 2019-10-18 Microcomputer input switch

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JPWO2018220894A1 (en) 2020-05-28

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