WO2018211817A1 - 抗菌繊維、シート、およびシートカバー - Google Patents
抗菌繊維、シート、およびシートカバー Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018211817A1 WO2018211817A1 PCT/JP2018/011317 JP2018011317W WO2018211817A1 WO 2018211817 A1 WO2018211817 A1 WO 2018211817A1 JP 2018011317 W JP2018011317 W JP 2018011317W WO 2018211817 A1 WO2018211817 A1 WO 2018211817A1
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- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric
- fiber
- antibacterial fiber
- antibacterial
- electric field
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/03—Electric current
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/449—Yarns or threads with antibacterial properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N15/00—Thermoelectric devices without a junction of dissimilar materials; Thermomagnetic devices, e.g. using the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect
- H10N15/10—Thermoelectric devices using thermal change of the dielectric constant, e.g. working above and below the Curie point
- H10N15/15—Thermoelectric active materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/702—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices based on piezoelectric or electrostrictive fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/857—Macromolecular compositions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/13—Physical properties anti-allergenic or anti-bacterial
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antibacterial fiber having antibacterial properties.
- Patent Documents 1 to 7 Conventionally, many proposals have been made on fiber materials having antibacterial properties (see Patent Documents 1 to 7).
- Japanese Patent No. 3281640 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-310284 Japanese Patent No. 3165992 Japanese Patent No. 1805853 JP-A-8-2226078 JP-A-9-194304 JP 2004-300650 A
- antibacterial materials may cause allergic reactions caused by drugs.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an antibacterial fiber that lasts longer than conventional antibacterial materials and is safer than drugs.
- the antibacterial fiber of the present invention includes a plurality of charge generating fibers.
- the plurality of charge generating fibers generate charges by external energy.
- the antibacterial fiber is characterized in that a state of a space between the plurality of charge generation fibers is not uniform.
- the antibacterial fiber of the present invention includes a plurality of charge generating fibers that generate charges by external energy, it has a predetermined potential (including a ground potential) between the fibers or the human body. When it comes close to an object, it generates an electric field. Alternatively, the antibacterial fiber of the present invention passes an electric current through moisture such as sweat when it is close to an object having a predetermined potential (including a ground potential) between the fibers or the human body. .
- the antibacterial fiber of the present invention exhibits an antibacterial effect for the following reasons.
- Cell membranes and fungi of bacteria due to the direct action of electric field or current generated when applied to items (medical items such as clothing, footwear, or masks) used in close proximity to items having a predetermined potential such as the human body This causes trouble in the electron transfer system for maintaining the life of the bacterium, killing the bacterium, or weakening the bacterium itself.
- oxygen contained in moisture may be changed to reactive oxygen species by an electric field or current, or oxygen radicals may be generated in bacterial cells due to a stress environment due to the presence of an electric field or current.
- Bacteria are killed or weakened by the action of reactive oxygen species that step on radicals.
- the above reasons may be combined to produce an antibacterial effect.
- the term “antibacterial” as used in the present invention is a concept that includes both the effect of suppressing the generation of bacteria and the effect of killing bacteria.
- the charge generation fiber that generates a charge by external energy may be, for example, a material having a photoelectric effect, a material having a pyroelectric effect, or a fiber using a piezoelectric body.
- produces an electric charge also becomes a charge generation fiber.
- an antibacterial fiber that lasts longer than conventional antibacterial materials and is safer than drugs.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram showing the configuration of the antibacterial fiber 1
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1A
- FIG. It is sectional drawing in the BB line of (A).
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing the relationship between the uniaxial stretching direction of polylactic acid, the electric field direction, and the deformation of the piezoelectric fiber 10.
- 3A is a diagram showing a configuration of the antibacterial fiber 2
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3A, and FIG. It is sectional drawing in the BB line of (A).
- FIG. 4 (A) is a diagram showing the potential in antibacterial fiber 1 and antibacterial fiber 2
- FIG. 4 (B) is a comparative example between a plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 in antibacterial fiber 1 and antibacterial fiber 2. It is a figure which shows an electric potential in case the state of a space is uniform (comparative example).
- FIG. 5 (A) is a diagram showing an electric field
- FIG. 5 (B) is a comparative example where the state of the space between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 in the antibacterial fibers 1 and 2 is uniform. It is a figure which shows the electric field in (comparative example).
- 6 (A) is a partially exploded view showing the configuration of the antibacterial fiber 2A according to Modification 1.
- FIG. 6 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6 (A).
- FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 7A is a partially exploded view showing the configuration of the antibacterial fiber 2B according to the modified example 2
- FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 1A is a partially exploded view showing a configuration of an antibacterial fiber 1 formed by twisting piezoelectric fibers 10, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1A. .
- FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- the piezoelectric fiber 10 is an example of a charge generation fiber (charge generation yarn) that generates a charge by external energy.
- the piezoelectric fiber 10 is made of, for example, a piezoelectric polymer.
- Piezoelectric polymers include those having pyroelectricity and those not having pyroelectricity.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- a piezoelectric material having pyroelectric properties such as PVDF generates charges on the surface also by the thermal energy of the human body.
- Polylactic acid is a piezoelectric polymer that does not have pyroelectricity. Polylactic acid produces piezoelectricity by being uniaxially stretched. Polylactic acid includes PLLA in which an L monomer is polymerized and PDLA in which a D monomer is polymerized.
- Polylactic acid is a chiral polymer, and the main chain has a helical structure. Polylactic acid exhibits piezoelectricity when uniaxially stretched and its molecules are oriented. If the crystallinity is increased by further applying heat treatment, the piezoelectric constant increases.
- the piezoelectric fiber 10 made of uniaxially stretched polylactic acid has a thickness direction defined as a first axis, a stretching direction 900 defined as a third axis, and a direction perpendicular to both the first axis and the third axis defined as a second axis. having a tensor components of d 14 and d 25 as the piezoelectric strain constant. Therefore, polylactic acid generates charges most efficiently when distortion occurs in the direction of 45 degrees with respect to the direction of uniaxial stretching.
- FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B) are diagrams showing the relationship between the uniaxial stretching direction of polylactic acid, the electric field direction, and the deformation of the piezoelectric fiber 10.
- FIG. 2A when the piezoelectric fiber 10 contracts in the direction of the first diagonal line 910A and extends in the direction of the second diagonal line 910B orthogonal to the first diagonal line 910A, the piezoelectric fiber 10 extends in the direction from the back side to the front side. Generates an electric field. That is, the piezoelectric fiber 10 generates a negative charge on the front side of the drawing.
- FIG. 2A when the piezoelectric fiber 10 contracts in the direction of the first diagonal line 910A and extends in the direction of the second diagonal line 910B orthogonal to the first diagonal line 910A, the piezoelectric fiber 10 extends in the direction from the back side to the front side. Generates an electric field. That is, the piezoelectric fiber 10 generates a negative charge on the front side of the drawing
- the piezoelectric fiber 10 generates electric charge even when it extends in the direction of the first diagonal line 910A and contracts in the direction of the second diagonal line 910B, but the polarity is reversed and the surface of the paper surface An electric field is generated in the direction from the back to the back. That is, the piezoelectric fiber 10 generates a positive charge on the front side of the paper.
- Polylactic acid generates piezoelectricity by molecular orientation treatment by stretching, and therefore does not need to be subjected to poling treatment like other piezoelectric polymers such as PVDF or piezoelectric ceramics.
- the piezoelectric constant of uniaxially stretched polylactic acid is about 5 to 30 pC / N, and has a very high piezoelectric constant among polymers. Furthermore, the piezoelectric constant of polylactic acid does not vary with time and is extremely stable.
- Piezoelectric fiber 10 is a fiber having a circular cross section.
- the piezoelectric fiber 10 may be formed by, for example, a method of extruding a piezoelectric polymer to form a fiber, a method of melt-spinning the piezoelectric polymer to form a fiber (for example, a spinning / stretching method in which a spinning process and a stretching process are performed separately) , Including a straight-drawing method that links the spinning and drawing steps, a POY-DTY method that can simultaneously perform a false twisting process, or an ultra-high-speed spinning method that achieves higher speeds), dry or wet piezoelectric polymers Spinning (for example, a phase separation method or dry-wet spinning method in which a polymer as a raw material is dissolved in a solvent and extruded from a nozzle to be fiberized, a gel spinning method in which a fiber is uniformly fibrillated while containing a solvent, Or a liquid crystal spinning method in which a fiber is formed
- the antibacterial fiber 1 constitutes such a yarn (multifilament yarn) formed by twisting a plurality of PLLA piezoelectric fibers 10.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 is a left turning yarn (hereinafter referred to as S yarn) twisted by turning the piezoelectric fiber 10 to the left.
- S yarn left turning yarn
- the extending direction 900 of each piezoelectric fiber 10 coincides with the axial direction of each piezoelectric fiber 10. Accordingly, the extending direction 900 of the piezoelectric fiber 10 is inclined to the left with respect to the axial direction of the antimicrobial fiber 1. The angle depends on the number of twists.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 generates an electric field due to a potential difference caused by this electric charge. This electric field leaks to the nearby space and forms a combined electric field with other parts.
- the potential generated in the antibacterial fiber 1 is an electric field between the antibacterial fiber 1 and the object when close to an object having a predetermined potential near the object such as a human body (including a ground potential).
- the growth of bacteria and fungi can be suppressed by an electric field (see, for example, Tetsuaki Tudo, Hironori Korai, Hideaki Matsuoka, Junichi Koizumi, Kodansha: Microbial Control-Science and Engineering).
- an electric field see, for example, Tetsuaki Tudo, Hironori Korai, Hideaki Matsuoka, Junichi Koizumi, Kodansha: Microbial Control-Science and Engineering.
- a current may flow through a current path formed by moisture or the like, or a circuit formed by a local micro discharge phenomenon or the like, due to a potential generating the electric field. It is considered that this current weakens the bacteria and suppresses the growth of the bacteria.
- the bacterium referred to in the present embodiment includes bacteria, fungi, or microorganisms such as mites and fleas.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 directly exerts an antibacterial effect by an electric field formed in the vicinity of the antibacterial fiber 1 or by an electric field generated when it is close to an object having a predetermined potential such as a human body.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 allows a current to flow when it is in close proximity to another adjacent fiber or an object having a predetermined potential such as a human body through moisture such as sweat. Even with this current, the antibacterial effect may be directly exhibited.
- reactive oxygen species in which oxygen contained in moisture is changed by the action of electric current or voltage, radical species generated by interaction or catalysis with additives contained in fibers, or other antibacterial species (amines) Derivatives etc. may indirectly exert antibacterial effects.
- oxygen radicals may be generated in the cells of the fungus due to a stress environment due to the presence of an electric field or current, whereby the antibacterial fiber 1 may indirectly exert an antibacterial effect.
- generation of a superoxide anion radical (active oxygen) or a hydroxy radical can be considered.
- the “antibacterial” referred to in the present embodiment is a concept including both an effect of suppressing the generation of bacteria and an effect of killing the bacteria.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 as described above can be applied to various clothing or medical products.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 includes underwear (especially socks), towels, shoes, boots and other insoles, sportswear in general, hats, bedding (including futons, mattresses, sheets, pillows, pillow covers, etc.), toothbrushes, floss, Various filters (filters for water purifiers, air conditioners or air purifiers), plush toys, pet-related products (pet mats, pet clothes, pet clothes inners), various mat products (feet, hands, toilet seats, etc.) , Curtains, kitchen utensils (sponge or cloth, etc.), seats (cars, trains, airplanes, etc.), motorcycle helmet cushions and exterior materials, sofas, bandages, gauze, masks, sutures, doctors and patients Clothing, supporters, sanitary goods, sports equipment (wear and glove inners, or martial arts swords), or packaging materials It can be applied to equal.
- socks or supporters
- the antibacterial fiber 1 generates a charge at a high frequency.
- the socks absorb moisture such as sweat and become a hotbed for bacterial growth.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 can suppress the growth of the bacteria, it has a remarkable effect as a bacteria countermeasure application for deodorization. Arise.
- the antibacterial fiber can also be used as a method for suppressing bacteria on the surface of an animal body excluding humans.
- the antibacterial fiber is disposed so that a cloth containing a piezoelectric body is opposed to at least a part of the skin of the animal,
- the growth of bacteria on the body surface of the animal facing the cloth may be suppressed by the charge generated when an external force is applied to the body.
- WO2015 / 159832 discloses a transducer that senses that displacement has been applied to a knitted or woven fabric using a plurality of piezoelectric yarns and conductive yarns. In this case, all the conductive yarns are connected to the detection circuit, and there is always a pair of conductive yarns for one piezoelectric yarn.
- WO2015 / 159832 when an electric charge is generated in the piezoelectric yarn, electrons move through the conductive yarn, and the electric charge generated in the piezoelectric yarn is immediately neutralized.
- WO2015 / 159832 a current detected by the movement of electrons is detected by a detection circuit and output as a signal. Therefore, in this case, since the generated potential is canceled immediately, a strong electric field is not formed between the piezoelectric yarn and the conductive yarn and between the piezoelectric yarn and the piezoelectric yarn, and the antibacterial effect is not exhibited.
- FIG. 3A is a partially exploded view showing a configuration of the antibacterial fiber 2 that constitutes a right swirl yarn (hereinafter referred to as a Z yarn) twisted by turning the piezoelectric fiber 10 to the right.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- the stretching direction 900 of the piezoelectric fiber 10 is inclined to the right with respect to the axial direction of the antibacterial fiber 2. The angle depends on the number of twists of the yarn.
- the antibacterial fiber 2 also generates an electric field due to a potential difference caused by this charge. This electric field leaks to the nearby space and forms a combined electric field with other parts.
- the potential generated in the antibacterial fiber 2 is an electric field between the antibacterial fiber 2 and the object when close to an object having a predetermined potential near the object, such as a human body or the like (including a ground potential).
- an electric field can be generated between the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2.
- the polarities of the charges generated between the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2 are different from each other.
- the potential difference at each place is defined by an electric field coupling circuit formed by intricately intertwining fibers, or a circuit formed by a current path accidentally formed in the yarn by moisture or the like.
- FIG. 4 (A) is a diagram showing the potential in antibacterial fiber 1 and antibacterial fiber 2.
- FIG. 5A illustrates an electric field.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the potential when the generated potentials of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 in the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2 are rotationally symmetric with respect to the center of the twisted yarn (comparative example) as a comparative example. is there.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an electric field in the case where the generated potentials of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 in the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2 are rotationally symmetric with respect to the center of the twisted yarn (comparative example) as a comparative example. is there.
- an antibacterial fiber formed by twisting seven piezoelectric fibers 10 is shown as an example, but the number of twists is actually set as appropriate in consideration of applications and the like.
- the surface of the antibacterial fiber 1 alone has a negative potential when tension is applied, and the inside has a positive potential.
- the antibacterial fiber 2 alone, when tension is applied, the surface has a positive potential and the inside has a negative potential.
- the adjacent part (surface) tends to be at the same potential.
- the proximity portion between the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2 is 0 V, and the positive potential inside the antibacterial fiber 1 is further increased so as to maintain the original potential difference.
- the negative potential inside the antibacterial fiber 2 is further lowered.
- an electric field directed mainly from the center to the outside is formed, and in the cross section of the antibacterial fiber 2, an electric field directed mainly from the center to the inside is formed.
- the state of the space between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 in the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2 is uniform as in the comparative example shown in FIG. 4B, there is no bias in the potential distribution.
- the potential is highest at the center of the antibacterial fiber 1 and lowest at the center of the antibacterial fiber 2. Therefore, as in the comparative example shown in FIG. 5B, the electric field formed between the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2 becomes maximum in the space where the antibacterial fiber 1 and the antibacterial fiber 2 are close to each other.
- the electric field formed in the space is not so large.
- the charge generation pattern of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is not rotationally symmetric with respect to the center of the twisted yarn.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 has an arrangement mode of a plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 when a certain cross section is viewed and when another cross section is viewed. Is different.
- the antibacterial fiber 2 also has an arrangement mode of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 in a case where a certain cross section is viewed and in a case where a different cross section is viewed. Is different.
- the direction of the shear stress applied to the piezoelectric fiber 10 is not rotationally symmetric with respect to the center of the yarn, and the strength thereof varies.
- the non-rotational symmetry of the generated potential due to the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric fiber 10 is caused by positively adding various causes as described below.
- the diameter of the piezoelectric fiber 10 is different, when the shape of the piezoelectric fiber 10 is different, when the distance between the piezoelectric fibers 10 is different, at least one piezoelectric constant among the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is different. Time (in this case, non-piezoelectric fibers having no piezoelectric constant may be included. Further, fibers having different piezoelectric tensors may be included), or when the number of twists is disturbed. Or when these states occur in combination.
- the antibacterial fiber of the present embodiment is locally strong as shown in FIG. 5A because the potential distribution is biased and the symmetry is lost as shown in FIG. 4A.
- An electric field (an electric field stronger than the comparative example) is formed.
- the electric field is 7 MV / m at the maximum, but the antibacterial fiber shown in FIG. 5A generates an electric field of 15 MV / m at the maximum. Therefore, the antibacterial fiber of the present embodiment can generate a stronger electric field than when the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 are uniformly arranged.
- an example where the potential generated by the piezoelectric effect of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is not rotationally symmetric with respect to the center of the yarn is as follows.
- FIG. 6A is a partially exploded view showing the configuration of the antibacterial fiber 2A according to Modification 1
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6A
- FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. The same components as those of the antibacterial fiber 2 shown in FIG.
- the antibacterial fiber 2 ⁇ / b> A includes a piezoelectric fiber 10 ⁇ / b> A having a thickness different from that of the piezoelectric fiber 10.
- the state of the space between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is not uniform.
- the tension applied to each piezoelectric fiber 10 is not constant, and the direction of the shear stress is not uniform. Therefore, the potential distribution is biased, the symmetry is lost, and a locally strong electric field (an electric field stronger than the comparative example) is formed.
- the antibacterial fiber 2A does not need to have a constant diameter in the length direction, and may be a case where the diameter is partially thickened or thinned.
- FIGS. 6B and 6C there is one piezoelectric fiber having a different thickness, but there may be a plurality of piezoelectric fibers.
- piezoelectric fiber 10 ⁇ / b> A may be different from other piezoelectric fibers 10.
- the piezoelectric tensor of the piezoelectric fiber 10 ⁇ / b> A is different from the other piezoelectric fibers 10.
- the piezoelectric fiber 10A includes a case where the piezoelectric fiber does not exhibit piezoelectricity.
- the potential distribution is biased, the symmetry is lost, and a locally strong electric field (a stronger electric field than the comparative example) is formed.
- the thickness may be equal as long as an element that breaks electrical symmetry is included.
- the state of the space between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is not uniform.
- the antimicrobial fiber 2A of Z yarn is shown.
- the antibacterial fiber of S yarn also has a partly different antibacterial thickness.
- an antibacterial fiber having a different cross-sectional shape is provided with a fiber or a part thereof, the space between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is not uniform, so that the potential distribution is biased and the symmetry is lost, resulting in local A strong electric field (an electric field stronger than that of the comparative example) is formed.
- FIG. 7 (A) is a partially exploded view showing the configuration of the antibacterial fiber 2B according to the modified example 2
- FIG. 7 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 7 (A).
- FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
- the antibacterial fiber 2 ⁇ / b> B further includes a dielectric 100 between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10. 7B and 7C, the dielectric 100 covers the piezoelectric fiber 10, but it is not essential to cover the entire piezoelectric fiber 10. However, by covering the piezoelectric fiber 10 with a flame retardant as the dielectric 100, a public seat such as a car seat, a train (train) seat, a bus seat, a theater seat, or a hospital (waiting room) seat is used. It can be a flame retardant antibacterial fiber that can be used for a high sheet (or a seat cover).
- a bromine compound for example, pentabromodiphenyl ether, octabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ether, tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecane, hexabromobenzene
- a phosphorus compound for example, aromatic phosphate ester, halogen-containing phosphate ester
- a chlorine compound for example, chlorinated paraffin
- an antimony compound for example, antimony pentoxide
- the flame retardant may be obtained by kneading antimony trioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, hydroxyapatite, melamine cinnarate, best boron, sofa, talc, or silica in a base material.
- the arrangement of the dielectrics 100 between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is not uniform. Due to the uneven arrangement of the dielectric 100, the antibacterial fiber 2B has a non-uniform distance between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 or a uniform distance between the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10. Even so, the electrical characteristics are biased. Therefore, also in this case, the state of the space of the plurality of piezoelectric fibers 10 is not uniform, and a locally strong electric field (an electric field stronger than the comparative example) is formed.
- the antibacterial fiber 2B of Z yarn is shown.
- the antibacterial fiber of S yarn also includes the dielectric 100, and the dielectric
- the antibacterial fiber of this embodiment has the following uses other than a microbe countermeasure use.
- Biologically acting piezoelectric yarn Many tissues constituting a living body have piezoelectricity.
- collagen constituting the human body is a kind of protein, and is contained in a large amount in blood vessels, dermis, ligaments, healthy, bone, cartilage and the like.
- Collagen is a piezoelectric body, and a tissue in which collagen is oriented may exhibit very large piezoelectricity.
- Many reports have already been made on the piezoelectricity of bone (see, for example, Eiichi Fukada, Biopolymer Piezoelectricity, Polymer Vol. 16 (1967) No. 9 p795-800, etc.).
- the piezoelectric body of the living body vibrates due to the inverse piezoelectric effect. Due to the alternating electric field generated by the antibacterial fiber 1 or the antibacterial fiber 2, or a change in the electric field strength, a minute vibration is applied to a part of the living body, for example, a capillary or the dermis, and the improvement of blood flow in the part can be promoted. This may promote healing of skin diseases and wounds. Accordingly, the antibacterial fiber functions as a bioactive piezoelectric yarn.
- a transducer that senses that a displacement is applied to a knitted fabric or a woven fabric using a plurality of piezoelectric yarns and conductive yarns is disclosed in WO2015 / 159832.
- all the conductive yarns are connected to the detection circuit, and there is always a pair of conductive yarns for one piezoelectric yarn.
- WO2015 / 159832 when charges are generated in the piezoelectric yarn, electrons move through the conductive yarn, and the generated charge is immediately neutralized.
- WO2015 / 159832 a current detected by the movement of electrons is detected by a detection circuit and output as a signal. Therefore, in this case, since the generated potential is canceled immediately, a strong electric field is not formed between the piezoelectric yarn and the conductive yarn and between the piezoelectric yarn and the piezoelectric yarn, and the healing effect is not exhibited.
- the antibacterial fiber 1 generates a negative charge when an external force is involved.
- the antimicrobial fiber 2 generates a positive charge when an external force is involved. Therefore, the antibacterial fiber 1 has a property of adsorbing a positively charged substance (for example, particles such as pollen), and the antibacterial fiber 2 adsorbs a negatively charged substance (for example, harmful substances such as yellow sand). To do. Therefore, the cloth provided with the antibacterial fiber 1 or the antibacterial fiber 2 can adsorb fine particles such as pollen or yellow sand when applied to medical supplies such as a mask.
- WO2015 / 159832 discloses a transducer that senses that a displacement is applied to a knitted fabric or a woven fabric using a plurality of piezoelectric yarns and conductive yarns. In this case, all the conductive yarns are connected to the detection circuit, and there is always a pair of conductive yarns for one piezoelectric yarn.
- WO2015 / 159832 when charges are generated in the piezoelectric yarn, electrons move through the conductive yarn, and the generated charge is immediately neutralized.
- WO2015 / 159832 a current detected by the movement of electrons is detected by a detection circuit and output as a signal. Therefore, in this case, since the generated potential is canceled immediately, a strong electric field is not formed between the piezoelectric yarn and the conductive yarn and between the piezoelectric yarn and the piezoelectric yarn, and the adsorption effect is not exhibited.
- examples of the charge generation fiber that generates a charge by external energy include a substance having a photoelectric effect, a substance having a pyroelectric effect (for example, PVDF), a substance that generates a charge by a chemical change, and the like.
- a structure in which a conductor is used for the core yarn, an insulator is wound around the conductor, and electricity is generated by flowing electricity through the conductor is also a fiber that generates charges.
- the piezoelectric body since the piezoelectric body generates an electric field due to piezoelectricity, a power source is unnecessary and there is no fear of electric shock.
- the lifetime of the piezoelectric body lasts longer than the antibacterial effect of drugs and the like.
- the risk of an allergic reaction is lower than that of drugs.
- the sterilization method according to the present invention is not considered to cause resistant bacteria due to the mechanism.
- Z yarn using PDLA is also conceivable.
- S yarns using PDLA are also conceivable as fibers that generate a positive charge on the surface.
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Abstract
Description
生体を構成する組織には圧電性を有するものが多い。例えば、人体を構成するコラーゲンは、タンパク質の一種であり、血管、真皮、じん帯、健、骨、または軟骨等に多く含まれている。コラーゲンは、圧電体であり、コラーゲンが配向した組織は非常に大きな圧電性を示す場合がある。骨の圧電性については既に多くの報告がなされている(例えば、深田栄一,生体高分子の圧電気、高分子Vol.16(1967)No.9 p795-800等を参照)。したがって、抗菌繊維1または抗菌繊維2を備えた抗菌繊維により電場が生じ、該電場が交番するか、または該電場の強度が変化すると、生体の圧電体は、逆圧電効果によって振動を生じる。抗菌繊維1または抗菌繊維2によって生じる交番電場、あるいは電場強度の変化により、生体の一部、例えば毛細血管や真皮に微小な振動が加えられ、その部分の血流の改善を促すことができる。これにより皮膚疾患や傷等の治癒が促される可能性がある。したがって、抗菌繊維は、生体作用圧電糸として機能する。
上述したように、抗菌繊維1は、外力が係った場合に、負の電荷を生じる。抗菌繊維2は、外力が係った場合に、正の電荷を生じる。そのため、抗菌繊維1は、正の電荷を有する物質(例えば花粉等の粒子)を吸着する性質を有し、抗菌繊維2は、負の電荷を有する物質(例えば黄砂等の有害物質等)を吸着する。したがって、抗菌繊維1または抗菌繊維2を備えた布は、例えばマスク等の医療用品に適用した場合に、花粉または黄砂等の微粒子を吸着することができる。
10,10A…圧電繊維
100…誘電体
900…延伸方向
910A…第1対角線
910B…第2対角線
Claims (10)
- 外部からのエネルギーにより電荷を発生する複数の電荷発生繊維を備え、
前記複数の電荷発生繊維間の空間の状態が一様でないことを特徴とする、抗菌繊維。 - 前記複数の電荷発生繊維の配置態様が一様ではないことを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の抗菌繊維。 - 前記電荷発生繊維の断面積が一様ではないことを特徴とする、
請求項1または請求項2に記載の抗菌繊維。 - 前記電荷発生繊維の断面形状が一様ではないことを特徴とする、
請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の抗菌繊維。 - 前記電荷発生繊維の電気特性が一様ではないことを特徴とする、
請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の抗菌繊維。 - 前記複数の電荷発生繊維の間に、さらに誘電体を備え、
前記誘電体の配置態様が一様ではない、
請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の抗菌繊維。 - 前記誘電体は、前記電荷発生繊維をコーティングする、
請求項6に記載の抗菌繊維。 - 誘電体は、難燃材料からなる、
請求項6または請求項7に記載の抗菌繊維。 - 請求項8に記載の抗菌繊維を備えた、
シート。 - 請求項8に記載の抗菌繊維を備えた、
シートカバー。
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EP18796568.6A EP3626872A4 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2018-03-22 | ANTIMICROBIAL FIBER, SEAT AND SEAT COVER |
JP2018536302A JP6428979B1 (ja) | 2017-05-19 | 2018-03-22 | 抗菌糸、シート、およびシートカバー |
CN201880001741.8A CN109287121B (zh) | 2017-05-19 | 2018-03-22 | 抗菌纱、座椅和座套 |
US16/152,941 US20190038787A1 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2018-10-05 | Antibacterial fiber, sheet, and sheet cover |
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US16/152,941 Continuation US20190038787A1 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2018-10-05 | Antibacterial fiber, sheet, and sheet cover |
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JP2020073747A (ja) * | 2017-05-19 | 2020-05-14 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 糸および布 |
WO2020111002A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-06-04 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 樹脂構造体 |
JP2020084366A (ja) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-06-04 | 帝人フロンティア株式会社 | 樹脂構造体 |
CN111727286A (zh) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-09-29 | 株式会社村田制作所 | 树脂构造体 |
US11530498B2 (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2022-12-20 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Resin structure |
WO2021106843A1 (ja) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-06-03 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 糸および布帛 |
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JP7131715B2 (ja) | 2019-11-26 | 2022-09-06 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 糸および布帛 |
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WO2022249768A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 異型断面繊維 |
Also Published As
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US20190038787A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
JP6919736B2 (ja) | 2021-08-18 |
EP3626872A4 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
JPWO2018211817A1 (ja) | 2019-06-27 |
JP2020073747A (ja) | 2020-05-14 |
CN109287121A (zh) | 2019-01-29 |
JP6428979B1 (ja) | 2018-11-28 |
EP3626872A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
JP6658844B2 (ja) | 2020-03-04 |
CN109287121B (zh) | 2022-02-11 |
JP2019044325A (ja) | 2019-03-22 |
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