WO2018198622A1 - Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018198622A1 WO2018198622A1 PCT/JP2018/011826 JP2018011826W WO2018198622A1 WO 2018198622 A1 WO2018198622 A1 WO 2018198622A1 JP 2018011826 W JP2018011826 W JP 2018011826W WO 2018198622 A1 WO2018198622 A1 WO 2018198622A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a general liquid crystal display device is a non-light-emitting display device, in which light from a backlight using a white LED or the like as a light source is light-modulated for each pixel by a liquid crystal layer, and red (R) and green (G). , Blue (B) is transmitted through each color filter layer to perform color display.
- the white LED has features such as good luminous efficiency and long life.
- the white LED has a large light loss due to a decrease in luminous efficiency of the phosphor due to heat generation (so-called temperature quenching).
- the color filter layer separates the light from the white LED into red, green and blue, only about 1/3 of the backlight is actually used, and the light utilization efficiency of the entire liquid crystal display device Is low.
- a liquid crystal display device of a type that uses an ultraviolet light source as a backlight and emits phosphor layers of red, green and blue colors using the ultraviolet light source as excitation light.
- a blue LED is used as a backlight, and red and green phosphor layers are emitted by using the blue light output from the blue LED to obtain red and green light, and the blue light from the blue LED is used as it is.
- a liquid crystal display device of a type that transmits blue light and displays it is disclosed.
- a liquid crystal display device that includes a subpixel including a phosphor layer that emits light, and a filter layer that reflects or absorbs light having a wavelength of 420 nm or less on a surface opposite to the liquid crystal layer of the phosphor layer. Has been.
- a reflective liquid crystal display device has been proposed as a display device with high visibility under external light, but there is a problem that visibility is low in a dark place.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a new liquid crystal display device that has improved visibility under external light without reducing visibility in a dark place.
- One aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device, comprising: a wavelength conversion layer that outputs wavelength-converted light; and a polarizing layer disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer, A barrier coat layer for suppressing moisture transmission is provided between the polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer.
- One aspect of the present invention is a polarizing element, which is used in a liquid crystal display device including a wavelength conversion layer that outputs wavelength-converted light, and is a polarizing layer disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer. And a barrier coat layer that is disposed between the polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer and suppresses the transmission of moisture.
- One aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device, comprising: a wavelength conversion layer that outputs wavelength-converted light; and a polarizing layer disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer, The water content of the polarizing layer is 3% or less.
- One aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing the above liquid crystal display device, wherein the polarizing layer is formed by bonding to a substrate after annealing.
- One aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing the above liquid crystal display device, wherein the polarizing plate is formed by annealing after bonding to a substrate.
- One aspect of the present invention is a polarizing element, which is used in a liquid crystal display device including a wavelength conversion layer that outputs wavelength-converted light, is disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer, and has a moisture content. It is a feature that a polarizing layer having 3% or less is provided.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 includes a polarizing plate 10, an optical compensation layer 12, a TFT substrate 14, an interlayer insulating film 16, a display electrode 18, an alignment film 20,
- the liquid crystal layer 22, the alignment film 24, the common electrode 26, the barrier coat layer 28, the polarizing layer 30, the wavelength conversion layer 32, the counter substrate 34, and the backlight 36 are configured.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 functions as a device that displays light by receiving light from the backlight 36 and outputting the light wavelength-converted by the wavelength conversion layer 32 from the polarizing plate 10 side, as indicated by arrows.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 can positively utilize the external light incident from the polarizing plate 10 side, and can output the wavelength of the external light by the wavelength conversion layer 32.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram, and the size and thickness of each component do not reflect actual values.
- an active matrix liquid crystal display device is described as an example of the liquid crystal display device 100.
- the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to this, and a liquid crystal display of another mode such as a simple matrix type is used. It is also applicable to the device.
- the TFT substrate 14 is configured by arranging TFTs for each pixel on the substrate.
- the substrate is a transparent substrate such as glass.
- the substrate is used to mechanically support the liquid crystal display device 100 and to display an image by transmitting light.
- the substrate may be a flexible substrate made of a resin such as an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin, an acrylic resin, or a polycarbonate resin.
- a gate electrode 14a connected to the gate line is disposed at a lower portion (on the substrate) substantially in the middle of the TFT.
- a gate insulating film 14b is formed covering the gate electrode 14a, and a semiconductor layer 14c is formed covering the gate insulating film 14b.
- the gate insulating film 14b is formed of an insulator such as SiO 2 .
- the semiconductor layer 14c is made of amorphous silicon or polysilicon, and a portion directly above the gate electrode 14a is a channel region having almost no impurities, and both sides are a source region and a drain region to which conductivity is given by impurity doping. Is done.
- a contact hole is formed on the drain region of the TFT, and a metal (for example, aluminum) drain electrode is disposed (electrically connected) thereon, and a contact hole is formed on the source region, in which the metal is formed.
- a source electrode for example, aluminum
- the drain electrode is connected to a data line to which a data voltage is supplied.
- the polarizing plate 10 is formed on the surface of the TFT substrate 14 where the TFT is not formed.
- a polarizing plate 10 is formed so as to cover the surface of the substrate of the TFT substrate 14.
- the polarizing plate 10 preferably includes a dye-type polarizing element obtained by dyeing a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) resin with an iodine material or a dichroic dye.
- a display electrode 18 is provided on the surface of the TFT substrate 14 on which the TFT is formed via an interlayer insulating film 16.
- the display electrode 18 is an individual electrode separated for each pixel, and is a transparent electrode made of, for example, ITO (indium tin oxide).
- the display electrode 18 is connected to a source electrode formed on the TFT substrate 14.
- the alignment film 20 that covers the display electrode 18 and vertically aligns the liquid crystal is formed.
- the alignment film 20 is made of a resin material such as polyimide.
- a resin material such as polyimide.
- a 5 wt% solution of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone serving as a polyimide resin is printed on the display electrode 18 and cured by heating at about 180 ° C. to 280 ° C., and then rubbed with a rubbing cloth. By performing the alignment treatment, it can be formed.
- the counter substrate 34 is a transparent substrate such as glass.
- the counter substrate 34 mechanically supports the liquid crystal display device 100 and is used to transmit light from the backlight 36 and enter the wavelength conversion layer 32 and the like.
- the counter substrate 34 may be a flexible substrate made of a resin such as an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin, an acrylic resin, or a polycarbonate resin.
- a wavelength conversion layer 32 is formed on the counter substrate 34.
- the wavelength conversion layer 32 is arranged in a matrix in the in-plane direction of the counter substrate 34 for each pixel.
- any one of a phosphor, a quantum dot, and a quantum rod that receives light from a backlight 36 described later and emits light in a specific wavelength region can be applied.
- the phosphor is preferably made of a material that emits light of any one of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) for each pixel.
- Eu-activated sulfide-based red phosphor is used for the red phosphor
- Eu-activated sulfide-based green phosphor is used for the green phosphor
- Eu-activated phosphate-based blue phosphor is used for the blue phosphor. it can.
- the wavelength conversion layer 32 may include a single phosphor or a plurality of phosphors depending on the color to be displayed.
- pseudo white light is obtained.
- white light can be obtained when three kinds of phosphors emitting red light, green light, and blue light are included.
- a liquid crystal display device capable of emitting colored light is obtained.
- the wavelength conversion layer 32 can also be realized by a quantum dot structure in which a plurality of semiconductor materials having different characteristics are periodically arranged three-dimensionally or a quantum rod that is periodically arranged two-dimensionally.
- the quantum dots and quantum rods function as a material having a desired band gap by repeatedly arranging semiconductor materials having different bad gaps with a period of the nm order. It can be used as the wavelength conversion layer 32 that emits light in a wavelength region corresponding to the gap.
- a quantum dot structure having a characteristic of absorbing light in the wavelength region of the output light of the backlight 36 and emitting any one of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) A quantum rod structure is formed.
- Quantum dots can have a structure in which, for example, the central core (core) is formed of cadmium selenide (CdSe) and the outside is covered with a zinc sulfide (ZnS) coating layer (shell).
- the emission color can be controlled by changing the diameter. For example, when emitting red (R), the diameter may be 8.3 nm, when emitting green (G), the diameter may be 3 nm, and when emitting blue (B), the diameter may be further reduced.
- the central core material indium phosphide (InP), indium copper sulfide (CuInS2), carbon, graphene, or the like may be used.
- the wavelength conversion layer is a phosphor or quantum dot or quantum rod that emits red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and is formed and arranged by patterning at locations corresponding to the display electrodes. Is possible.
- a phosphor material, a quantum dot material, or a quantum rod material that emits red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is dispersed in a photosensitive polymer, and this dispersion is applied to the substrate 34 by a coater. It is realized by coating, forming, exposing and developing. A black matrix may be formed between each color in order to prevent color mixing between display pixels.
- the polarizing layer 30 is formed on the wavelength conversion layer 32.
- the polarizing layer 30 preferably includes a dye-type polarizing element obtained by dyeing a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) resin with a dichroic dye.
- the dye-based material preferably contains an azo compound and / or a salt thereof.
- R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxyl group, and n is an azo compound represented by 1 or 2, or a salt thereof.
- R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy group.
- R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms.
- a material obtained in the following steps Add 13.7 parts of 4-aminobenzoic acid to 500 parts of water and dissolve with sodium hydroxide. The obtained material is cooled, 32 parts of 35% hydrochloric acid is added at 10 ° C. or lower, 6.9 parts of sodium nitrite is added, and the mixture is stirred at 5 to 10 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereto is added 20.9 parts of aniline- ⁇ -sodium methanesulfonate, and sodium carbonate is added to adjust the pH to 3.5 while stirring at 20-30 ° C. Furthermore, stirring is completed to complete the coupling reaction, and filtration is performed to obtain a monoazo compound. The obtained monoazo compound is stirred at 90 ° C. in the presence of sodium hydroxide to obtain 17 parts of a monoazo compound of the chemical formula (2).
- An ordinary polarizing element is an iodine-based polarizing element formed of a material dyed with resin and iodine compound.
- iodine and iodine compounds are vulnerable to heat and are altered by heating at about 100 ° C.
- a polarizing element using a dye is relatively resistant to heat and can be prevented from being altered by heating at about 130 ° C. Therefore, the polarizing layer 30 can be formed between the counter substrate 34 and the alignment film 24 without being affected by the film formation temperature when forming the alignment film 24 and the common electrode 26 described later.
- the water content of the polarizing layer 30 is 3% or less, preferably 1% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less. That is, by reducing the water content of the polarizing layer 30, it is possible to make it difficult for moisture contained in the polarizing layer 30 to reach the common electrode 26 and the liquid crystal layer 22.
- the water content is expressed as (weight of water in polarizing layer 30 / total weight of polarizing layer 30) ⁇ 100 (%).
- the water content can be measured by the Karl Fischer method or the heating weight change method.
- the moisture content in this embodiment means the moisture content measured by applying the Karl Fischer method or the heating weight change method.
- the moisture content can be measured by attaching a moisture vaporizer (VA200) to a moisture analyzer (CA-200 or KF-200) manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech. Become.
- the heating weight change method is a method in which a sample whose weight has been measured with a precision balance or the like is heated to sufficiently evaporate moisture, and then the weight is measured again, and the moisture content is calculated by Equation (1). .
- the heating time varies depending on the size and state of the sample, but is, for example, 2 minutes at 120 ° C.
- the moisture content of the polarizing layer 30 can be reduced by applying an annealing treatment before or after the polarizing layer 30 is bonded to the wavelength conversion layer 32.
- the annealing treatment is preferably performed in a temperature range of 100 ° C. or higher and lower than 150 ° C.
- it is preferable that the annealing is performed in a state where the polarizing layer 30 is introduced into a vacuum chamber.
- polyvinyl alcohol is applied to polyethyl terephthalate (PET) equipment, and is immersed in warm water at 60 ° C. to swell. Thereafter, in the same manner as described above, it is dyed with an aqueous solution of a dichroic dye and stretched. Then, it bonds so that the PVA side may become a bonding surface on the opposing board
- the annealing treatment before the polarizing layer 30 is bonded to the wavelength conversion layer 32, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the characteristics of the wavelength conversion layer 32 and the like by heating.
- the barrier coat layer 28 and the common electrode 26 can be formed on the polarizing layer 30 immediately after the annealing treatment, and moisture is removed after the annealing. Reentry into the polarizing layer 30 can be suppressed.
- the moisture content is reduced by performing an annealing process on the polarizing layer 30, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any process that can reduce the moisture content may be used.
- the inside of the vacuum chamber into which the polarizing layer 30 is introduced may be vacuumed to be dried so as to reduce the moisture in the polarizing layer 30.
- a barrier coat layer 28 is formed on the polarizing layer 30.
- the barrier coat layer 28 is a layer having a function of making it difficult for moisture contained in the polarizing layer 30 to reach the common electrode 26 and the liquid crystal layer 22.
- the barrier coat layer 28 is preferably disposed between the polarizing layer 30 and the liquid crystal layer 22.
- the common electrode 26 is provided between the polarizing layer 30 and the liquid crystal layer 22, it is more preferable that the barrier coat layer 28 is disposed between the polarizing layer 30 and the common electrode 26.
- the barrier coat layer 28 can be an organic layer, an inorganic layer, or a hybrid layer that combines these layers.
- the barrier coat layer 28 it becomes difficult for moisture contained in the polarizing layer 30 to reach the common electrode 26 and the liquid crystal layer 22, and the deterioration of the common electrode 26 and the liquid crystal layer 22 due to moisture is suppressed. it can.
- the organic layer used as the barrier coat layer 28 preferably contains an acrylic material.
- the organic layer is advantageous in that it has better adhesion to the polarizing layer 30 than the inorganic layer and is easy to process.
- the acrylic resin layer can be constituted by curing a polymerizable resin composition containing at least a (meth) acrylate component and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the (meth) acrylate component contains (meth) acrylate (A) having a hydroxyl group, and further contains (meth) acrylate (B) optionally having three or more (meth) acrylate groups.
- (meth) acrylate represents acrylate and / or methacrylate.
- a (meth) acryloyl group shall represent an acryloyl group and / or a methacryloyl group.
- the total hydroxyl value excluding the solvent of the (meth) acrylate component is 100 to 200 mgKOH / g.
- the adhesion and adhesiveness of the acrylic resin layer to the polarizing layer 30 can be enhanced. Since the acrylic resin layer has good adhesion to the polarizing layer 30, excellent durability can be imparted to the polarizing layer 30.
- the (meth) acrylate component may further contain a (meth) acrylate compound having no hydroxyl group.
- the hydroxyl value in terms of solid content of the polymerizable resin composition can be determined by the following formula (2).
- the average molecular weight of the resin represents the average molecular weight of the (meth) acrylate mixture calculated from the molecular weight and blending ratio of each (meth) acrylate contained in the (meth) acrylate component.
- the average molecular weight can be calculated based on the blending ratio.
- hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate (A) examples include, for example, EHC-modified butyl acrylate (Nagase Sangyo Denacol DA-151), glycerol methacrylate (Nippon Bremer GLM), 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium chloride (Nippon Bremer QA), EO-modified phosphoric acid acrylate (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., light ester PA), EO-modified phthalic acid acrylate (Osaka Organic Co., Ltd.
- EHC-modified butyl acrylate Nagase Sangyo Denacol DA-151
- glycerol methacrylate Nippon Bremer GLM
- 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium chloride Nippon Bremer QA
- EO-modified phosphoric acid acrylate Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., light ester PA
- Biscoat 2308 EO, PO-modified phthalic acid methacrylate (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., Light Ester HO), acrylated isocyanurate (Aronix M-215 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), EO-modified bisphenol A diacrylate (epoxy ester 3000A manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical), dipentaerythritol Hydroxypentaacrylate (Sartomer SR-399), Glycerol dimethacrylate (Nagase Sangyo Denacol DM-811), Glycerol acrylate (Nippon Blemmer GAM), Glycerol dimethacrylate (Nippon Blenmer GMR), ECH-modified glycerol Triacrylate (Nagase Sangyo, Denacol DA-314), ECH-modified 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (Nippon Kayaku Kayrad R-167), pentaerythri
- the (meth) acrylate (A) having a hydroxyl group is preferably a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate, and is a (meth) acrylate having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in addition to the hydroxyl group. More preferably.
- dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate 107 mgKOH / g
- the content of the hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate (A) in the polymerizable resin composition is preferably 50 to 99% by weight, more preferably 70 to 99% in the solid content of the polymerizable resin composition. % By weight.
- the polymerizable resin composition may further contain (meth) acrylate (B) having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups.
- (meth) acrylate (B) having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups include pentaerythritol triacrylate (Nippon Kayaku Kayrad PET-30), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (Nippon Kayaku Kayrad PET-40).
- Pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate (SR-367 manufactured by Sartomer), dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (Kayarad DPHA manufactured by Nippon Kayaku), dipentaerythritol monohydroxypentaacrylate (SR-399 manufactured by Sartomer), alkyl-modified dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (Nippon Kayaku Kayarad D-310), alkyl-modified dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate (Nippon Kayaku Kayarad D-320), Alky Modified dipentaerythritol triacrylate (Nippon Kayaku Kayrad D-330), caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (Nippon Kayaku Kayarad DPCA-20, Nippon Kayaku Kayalad DPCA-60, Nippon Kayaku Kayalad DPCA- 120), trimethylolpropane tri
- Tris (acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate Tris (acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate (Toagosei Co., Ltd., Aronix M315), epichlorohydrin (ECH) modified glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide (EO) modified glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, propylene oxide (PO) modified glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, EO modified tri (meth) acrylate phosphate, Caprolactone-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, EO-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, PO-modified trimethylolpropant Re (meth) acrylate, silicone hexa (meth) acrylate, urethane acrylate which is a reaction product of diol, polyisocyanate and (meth) acrylate having hydroxyl group, polyfunctional (meth) acryl
- the content of the (meth) acrylate (B) having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the polymerizable resin composition is preferably 50 to 99% by weight in the solid content of the polymerizable resin composition, More preferably, it is 70 to 99% by weight.
- the average value of the number of (meth) acryloyl groups in the entire (meth) acrylate component is preferably 3 to 6.
- the average value of the number of (meth) acryloyl groups is within the above range, there is an effect that the hardness of the film is high, scratches are difficult to occur in the coating process, and durability of the polarizing layer 30 can be improved. is there.
- the (meth) acrylate component has (meth) acrylate (A) having a hydroxyl group and (meth) acrylate (B) having three or more (meth) acryloyl groups.
- other (meth) acrylates may be further contained in an arbitrary ratio.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include benzoins such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin propyl ether, and benzoin isobutyl ether; acetophenone, 2,2-diethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 1,1-dichloro Acetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-phenylpropan-1-one, diethoxyacetophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, and 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropane-1 Acetophenones such as ON; anthraquinones such as 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-t-butylanthraquinone, 2-chloroanthraquinone, and 2-amylanthraquinone; 2,4-diethylthioxan Thioxanthones such as styrene, 2-is
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably 1 to 7% by weight in the solid content of the polymerizable resin composition.
- the photopolymerization initiator can be used in combination with a curing accelerator.
- the curing accelerator that can be used in combination include triethanolamine, diethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, 2-methylaminoethylbenzoate, dimethylaminoacetophenone, p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid isoamino ester, amines such as EPA, and 2 -Hydrogen donors such as mercaptobenzothiazole.
- the use amount of the curing accelerator is preferably 0 to 5% by weight in the solid content of the polymerizable resin composition.
- the acrylic resin layer obtained by curing the polymerizable resin composition has a hydroxyl group, the adhesion with the triacetyl cellulose is improved and the adhesion with the polarizing layer 30 after the saponification treatment is improved. improves.
- the inorganic layer used as the barrier coat layer 28 preferably contains silicon oxide (SiOx) or silicon nitride (SiNx).
- the inorganic layer can be formed by sputtering, atomic layer deposition (ALD), or the like.
- the inorganic layer is advantageous in that the moisture permeability can be reduced even if the inorganic layer is thinner than the organic layer.
- the hybrid layer has a structure in which an organic layer and an inorganic layer are laminated.
- the barrier coat layer 28 as a hybrid layer, an effect obtained by combining the effect of the organic layer and the effect of the inorganic layer can be obtained.
- an organic layer is formed on the polarizing layer 30, an inorganic layer is laminated on the organic layer, thereby improving the adhesion between the organic layer and the polarizing layer 30 and the waterproofness of the inorganic layer.
- the function as the barrier coat layer 28 can be exhibited by a thinner layer.
- the barrier coat layer 28 has a thickness such that moisture contained in the polarizing layer 30 is difficult to reach the common electrode 26 and the liquid crystal layer 22.
- the film thickness of the barrier coat layer 28 is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, the thickness is 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the film thickness is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the film thickness is preferably 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less.
- the organic layer is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m and the inorganic layer is preferably 50 nm to 500 nm.
- a common electrode 26 is formed on the barrier coat layer 28.
- the common electrode 26 is a transparent electrode made of, for example, ITO (indium tin oxide).
- the alignment film 24 is formed on the common electrode 26.
- the alignment film 24 is made of a resin material such as polyimide.
- a resin material such as polyimide.
- a 5 wt% solution of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone serving as a polyimide resin is printed on the common electrode 26, cured by heating at about 110 ° C. to 280 ° C., and then rubbed with a rubbing cloth. By performing the alignment treatment, it can be formed.
- the alignment direction of the alignment film 24 is a direction orthogonal to the alignment direction of the alignment film 20.
- the pixel may be divided by changing the alignment direction in an area within one pixel by changing the light irradiation direction.
- the alignment direction may be determined by an oblique electric field by providing a slit in one or both of the pixel electrode and the display electrode without performing an alignment process such as rubbing or optical alignment (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-222282).
- the orientation may be controlled by forming protrusions (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-104044) on either or both of the display electrode and the common electrode.
- the liquid crystal layer 22 is sealed between the alignment film 20 and the alignment film 24 so that the alignment film 20 and the alignment film 24 face each other.
- a spacer (not shown) is inserted between the alignment film 20 and the alignment film 24, liquid crystal is injected between the alignment film 20 and the alignment film 24, and the periphery is sealed with a sealing material (not shown).
- the liquid crystal layer 22 is formed.
- the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 22 is controlled by the alignment film 20 and the alignment film 24, and the initial alignment state (when no electric field is applied) of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer 22 is determined by the alignment film 20 and the alignment film 24. Then, by applying a voltage between the display electrode 18 and the common electrode 26, an electric field is generated between the display electrode 18 and the common electrode 26, and the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 22 is controlled to transmit / not transmit light. Is controlled.
- the liquid crystal layer 22 is made of a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the backlight 36 includes a light source that outputs light.
- the light source is preferably an LED, for example.
- the wavelength of light output from the backlight 36 is preferably light in a wavelength region that can be effectively used for wavelength conversion in the wavelength conversion layer 32.
- the backlight 36 is preferably a light source that outputs light in a wavelength region having a peak wavelength of 380 nm or more and 460 nm or less, or a light source that outputs light in a wavelength region of 380 nm or less.
- the light utilization efficiency can be increased by converting the wavelength of the light from the backlight 36 in the wavelength conversion layer 32 and using it. Accordingly, energy efficiency in the liquid crystal display device 100 can be improved, and the liquid crystal display device 100 with low power consumption can be realized.
- the power consumption can be further reduced as compared with the case where a phosphor is used.
- the wavelength conversion layer 32 can be provided between the counter substrate 34 and the liquid crystal layer 22.
- the distance between the illuminant, the display electrode 18 and the TFT substrate 14 can be made shorter than before.
- the counter substrate 34 has a thickness of about 500 ⁇ m, and the wavelength conversion layer 32 is formed on the display electrode 18 by the thickness of the counter substrate 34 as compared with the case where the polarizing layer 30 is formed between the counter substrate 34 and the backlight 36. You can get closer. As a result, it is possible to reduce the margin of the distance between the pixels in order to avoid color mixing between the pixels. Therefore, the high-resolution liquid crystal display device 100 can be provided.
- the transmittance of light in a wavelength region of 460 nm or less from the polarizing plate 10 on the light incident side is 1% or more and 380 nm to 400 nm. It is preferable that the transmittance of at least one of the wavelength regions is 3% or more, and at least one of the transmittances of at least one of the wavelength regions of 400 nm to 430 nm is 5% or more. It is. In order to achieve such transmittance, the following configuration is preferable.
- the polarizing plate 10 preferably has a high light transmittance in a wavelength region of 460 nm or less. Specifically, the transmittance of at least one of the wavelength regions of 380 nm or less of the polarizing plate 10 is 1% or more, and the transmittance of at least one of the wavelength regions of 380 nm to 400 nm is 3%. As described above, it is preferable that at least one of the wavelength ranges of 400 nm to 430 nm satisfies at least one condition in which the transmittance is 5% or more.
- the polarizing layer 30 has a high light transmittance in a wavelength region of 460 nm or less. Specifically, the transmittance of at least one of the wavelength regions of 380 nm or less of the polarizing layer 30 is 1% or more, and the transmittance of at least one of the wavelengths of 380 nm to 400 nm is 3%. As described above, it is preferable that at least one of the wavelength ranges of 400 nm to 430 nm satisfies at least one condition in which the transmittance is 5% or more.
- the amount of the absorbent added to the light in the wavelength region of 460 nm or less may be reduced.
- the TAC serving as the base material of the polarizing plate 10 contains an absorber for a short wavelength region such as an ultraviolet absorber, the transmittance of light in a wavelength region of 460 nm or less is increased by reducing the amount of the absorber. be able to.
- the thickness of the alignment film 20 and / or the alignment film 24 is preferably 50 nm or less, and more preferably 5 nm or less. Thereby, the absorption of light in the wavelength region of 460 nm or less in the alignment film 20 and / or the alignment film 24 can be suppressed, and the transmittance in the wavelength region can be increased.
- the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 22 is preferably 4 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 2 ⁇ m or less. At this time, it is preferable to adjust the refractive index ⁇ n of the liquid crystal layer 22 in accordance with the film thickness of the liquid crystal layer 22 in order to set the retardation in the liquid crystal layer 22 to a suitable value.
- the refractive index ⁇ n is 0.1 when the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 22 is 4 ⁇ m, and the refractive index ⁇ n is 0 when the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 22 is 3 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index ⁇ n may be 0.2.
- the interlayer insulating film 16 is usually a UV curable organic film having a thickness of 1 to 2 ⁇ m, but the film thickness is preferably 1 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less. Further, the interlayer insulating film 16 may be omitted. Thereby, the transmittance of light in a short wavelength region of 460 nm or less can be increased.
- the interlayer insulating film 16 is preferably an inorganic film and has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the interlayer insulating film 16 may be a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 film) and the film thickness may be 100 nm. Thereby, the transmittance of light in a short wavelength region of 460 nm or less can be increased.
- the thickness of the TFT substrate 14 is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less. It is also preferable to use borosilicate glass, quartz glass, sapphire glass or the like with few impurities as the TFT substrate 14. Thereby, the transmittance of light in a wavelength region of 460 nm or less can be increased.
- the display electrode 18 preferably has a film thickness of 50 nm or less, and more preferably 20 nm or less.
- the common electrode 26 preferably has a thickness of 50 nm or less, and more preferably 20 nm or less. Thereby, the transmittance of light in a wavelength region of 460 nm or less can be increased.
- TFT substrate structure in which the interlayer insulating film 16 is not provided in order to improve the transmittance of light of 460 nm or less.
- the effective display area (or the aperture ratio) that contributes to the display in the pixel pixel is reduced, but this method may be adopted when the external light utilization efficiency is further increased.
- the liquid crystal display device 100 having high contrast and excellent visibility even under outside light such as outdoors can be obtained.
- liquid crystal display device 200 in the first embodiment is configured as a VA (vertical alignment) type liquid crystal display device, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to this.
- VA vertical alignment
- IPS lateral electric field switching
- the liquid crystal display device 200 includes a polarizing plate 10, an optical compensation layer 12, a TFT substrate 14, an interlayer insulating film 16, a display electrode 18, and a second interlayer.
- the insulating film 16a, the common electrode 26a, the alignment film 20a, the liquid crystal layer 22a, the alignment film 24a, the barrier coat layer 28, the polarizing layer 30, the wavelength conversion layer 32, the counter substrate 34, and the backlight 36 are included.
- the alignment films 20a and 24a are alignment films that are aligned in a direction nearly parallel to the counter substrate 34, and are subjected to alignment treatment by rubbing or photo-alignment.
- the alignment direction is aligned so that the alignment films 20a and 24a are parallel to each other.
- the photo-alignment is more preferable because the pretilt angle is eliminated and the viewing angle characteristics are improved.
- the liquid crystal layer 22a has a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy. When the dielectric constant is positive, there are advantages such as good response characteristics at low temperatures and less influence of moisture. Further, when the dielectric anisotropy is negative, the liquid crystal layer 22a is controlled almost completely parallel to the counter substrate 34 when a voltage is applied, so that the transmittance can be improved.
- a voltage is applied to the common electrode 26a to generate an electric field in the in-plane direction of the liquid crystal layer 22a, and the liquid crystal molecules laid horizontally are rotated in the horizontal direction to emit light. To control. At this time, since the vertical tilt of the liquid crystal molecules does not occur, it is possible to reduce the luminance change and the color change due to the viewing angle.
- the moisture contained in the polarizing layer 30 does not easily reach the common electrode 26a and the liquid crystal layer 22a, and the common electrode 26a and the liquid crystal layer 22a due to moisture become difficult to reach. Deterioration can be suppressed. Also, by providing the barrier coat layer 28, it becomes difficult for moisture contained in the polarizing layer 30 to reach the common electrode 26a and the liquid crystal layer 22a, and deterioration of the common electrode 26a and the liquid crystal layer 22a due to moisture can be suppressed.
- the first embodiment also applies to the IPS type liquid crystal display device 200 by increasing the transmittance of light in a wavelength region of 460 nm or less from the polarizing plate 10 on the light incident side to the wavelength conversion layer 32. Similarly to the embodiment, a new liquid crystal display device with improved visibility under external light can be provided without reducing visibility in a dark place.
- the second interlayer insulating film 16a is preferably an inorganic film having a film thickness of 500 nm or less, such as a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 film). Thereby, the transmittance of light in a short wavelength region of 460 nm or less can be increased.
- the common electrode 26a preferably has a thickness of 50 nm or less, and more preferably 20 nm or less. Thereby, the transmittance of light in a short wavelength region of 460 nm or less can be increased.
- the polarizing layer 30 with reduced moisture content, the barrier coat layer 28, and each layer with increased transmittance in the short wavelength region shown in the first and second embodiments do not have to be provided. You may apply in combination.
- an absorption color filter that absorbs light having a wavelength longer than blue is generally used as the wavelength conversion layer 32 in the wavelength region of blue (B), and green (
- B blue
- G green
- the green (G) wavelength conversion material can convert light having a shorter wavelength than the green wavelength region into green, but can convert light having a longer wavelength than the green wavelength region into green. Can not. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the light in the red wavelength region that has passed through the wavelength conversion layer 32 due to the incidence of external light or the like is reflected from the light guide plate, the reflector on the back surface of the light guide plate, etc. When entering the region of the conversion material, there is a possibility that light in the red wavelength region is mixed with the green (G) display region.
- the green wavelength conversion material 32 a and the color filter 32 b that absorbs light in the red wavelength region are overlapped in the green (G) region of the wavelength conversion layer 32.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of the color filter 32b that absorbs light in the red wavelength region.
- a dye 40 that absorbs red may be mixed in the green wavelength conversion material 32a in the green (G) region of the wavelength conversion layer 32. .
- a wavelength conversion material that converts the incident light into green wavelength region light and outputs it converts the incident light into red wavelength region light.
- a configuration using a wavelength conversion material that is output is also employed.
- the wavelength conversion materials of blue (B) and green (G) can wavelength-convert light having a shorter wavelength than the blue and green wavelength regions, respectively, but have wavelengths longer than the blue and green wavelength regions.
- the wavelength of the light cannot be converted. Therefore, the light in the green and red wavelength regions that has passed through the wavelength conversion material region of the wavelength conversion layer 32 due to the incidence of external light or the like is reflected from the light guide plate, the reflection plate on the back surface of the light guide plate, etc.
- the green (G) wavelength conversion material region there is a risk that light in the green and red or red wavelength regions will be mixed in the blue (B) and green (G) regions.
- a blue wavelength conversion material 32c and a color filter that absorbs light in the green and red wavelength regions (blue color filter). ) 32d is superposed.
- the green wavelength conversion material 32a and the color filter 32b that absorbs light in the red wavelength region are superposed.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of a color filter 32d that absorbs light in the green and red wavelength regions.
- the blue wavelength conversion material 32c absorbs green and red, respectively.
- the dye (blue dye) 41 and the green wavelength conversion material 32a may be mixed with a dye 40 that absorbs red.
- This modification can also be used in a system that uses the return light by the reflective polarizer described in the present invention to increase the light utilization efficiency, thereby preventing color mixing when using the reflective polarizer. .
- the wavelength conversion layer 32 when the above-described blue light source is used as a backlight, the wavelength conversion layer 32 generally absorbs light having a wavelength longer than blue in the blue (B) wavelength region.
- a wavelength conversion material 32a that converts incident light into light in the green wavelength region and outputs it, and a color filter 32b that absorbs light in the red wavelength region are overlapped.
- the red light reflected by the polarizing layer 30 is mixed into the green (G) region of the wavelength conversion layer 32, it can be absorbed by the color filter 32b and can be prevented from affecting the viewing side. .
- the wavelength conversion layer 32 when the above-described UV light source is used as a backlight, as the wavelength conversion layer 32, the blue wavelength conversion material 32 c and the green color in the blue (B) region of the wavelength conversion layer 32 are used. A color filter (blue color filter) 32d that absorbs light in the red wavelength region is superposed. In the green (G) region of the wavelength conversion layer 32, the green wavelength conversion material 32a and the color filter 32b that absorbs light in the red wavelength region are superposed.
- green and red are used for the blue wavelength conversion material 32c in the blue (B) and green (G) regions of the wavelength conversion layer 32, respectively.
- a dye that absorbs red (blue dye) and a dye that absorbs red may be mixed in the green wavelength conversion material 32a.
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Abstract
Description
In recent years, display devices such as liquid crystal display devices and organic electroluminescence display devices have become widespread. A general liquid crystal display device is a non-light-emitting display device, in which light from a backlight using a white LED or the like as a light source is light-modulated for each pixel by a liquid crystal layer, and red (R) and green (G). , Blue (B) is transmitted through each color filter layer to perform color display. The white LED has features such as good luminous efficiency and long life. On the other hand, the white LED has a large light loss due to a decrease in luminous efficiency of the phosphor due to heat generation (so-called temperature quenching). Also, because the color filter layer separates the light from the white LED into red, green and blue, only about 1/3 of the backlight is actually used, and the light utilization efficiency of the entire liquid crystal display device Is low.
第1の実施の形態における液晶表示装置100は、図1の断面模式図に示すように、偏光板10、光学補償層12、TFT基板14、層間絶縁膜16、表示電極18、配向膜20、液晶層22、配向膜24、共通電極26、バリアコート層28、偏光層30、波長変換層32、対向基板34及びバックライト36を含んで構成される。 <First Embodiment>
As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the liquid
Next, the configuration and manufacturing method on the
(2)R1、R2が各々独立に水素原子、メチル基、メトキシ基のいずれかである(1)記載のアゾ化合物及びその塩。
(3)R1、R2が水素原子である(1)記載のアゾ化合物及びその塩。 (1) In the formula, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxyl group, and n is an azo compound represented by 1 or 2, or a salt thereof.
(2) The azo compound and salt thereof according to (1), wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a methoxy group.
(3) The azo compound and the salt thereof according to (1), wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms.
きる。
第1の実施の形態における液晶表示装置200は、VA(垂直配向)型の液晶表示装置の構成としたが、本発明の適用範囲はこれに限定されるものではない。第2の実施の形態では、IPS(横電界スイッチング)型液晶表示装置の構成について説明する。 <Second Embodiment>
Although the liquid
バックライト36として、前述の青色光源を用いる場合、波長変換層32として、一般的に、青(B)の波長領域については青色より長い波長の光を吸収する吸収型カラーフィルターを用い、緑(G)の波長領域については入射光を緑色の波長領域の光に変換して出力する波長変換材料を用い、赤(R)の波長領域については入射光を赤色の波長領域の光に変換して出力する波長変換材料を用いる。 <Modification>
When the above-described blue light source is used as the
Even when a reflective polarizer is used, instead of providing the
Claims (14)
- 液晶表示装置であって、
波長変換された光を出力する波長変換層と、
前記波長変換層と液晶層との間に配置された偏光層と、
を備え、
前記偏光層と前記液晶層との間に水分の透過を抑制するためのバリアコート層が設けられていることを特徴とする。 A liquid crystal display device,
A wavelength conversion layer for outputting wavelength-converted light;
A polarizing layer disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer;
With
A barrier coat layer for suppressing moisture permeation is provided between the polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer. - 請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記バリアコート層は、有機層を含むことを特徴とする。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1,
The barrier coat layer includes an organic layer. - 請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記有機層は、アクリル系樹脂を含むことを特徴とする。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2,
The organic layer includes an acrylic resin. - 請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記バリアコート層は、無機層を含むことを特徴とする。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1,
The barrier coat layer includes an inorganic layer. - 請求項4に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記無機層は、酸化シリコン又は窒化シリコンを含むことを特徴とする。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4,
The inorganic layer includes silicon oxide or silicon nitride. - 請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記バリアコート層の膜厚は、5μm以下であることを特徴とする。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1,
The barrier coat layer has a thickness of 5 μm or less. - 請求項1において、
バックライトをさらに備え、
前記波長変換層は、前記バックライトからの光を受けて波長変換し、前記液晶層は、前記波長変換層よりも視認側に配置されていることを特徴とする。 In claim 1,
Further equipped with a backlight,
The wavelength conversion layer receives the light from the backlight and converts the wavelength, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed on the viewing side with respect to the wavelength conversion layer. - 偏光素子であって、
波長変換された光を出力する波長変換層を備える液晶表示装置に用いられ、
前記波長変換層と液晶層との間に配置された偏光層と、前記偏光層と前記液晶層との間に配置され、水分の透過を抑制するためのバリアコート層と、備える特徴とする。 A polarizing element,
Used in a liquid crystal display device including a wavelength conversion layer that outputs wavelength-converted light,
And a polarizing layer disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer, and a barrier coat layer disposed between the polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer for suppressing moisture transmission. - 液晶表示装置であって、
波長変換された光を出力する波長変換層と、
前記波長変換層と液晶層との間に配置された偏光層と、
を備え、
前記偏光層の含水率が3%以下であることを特徴とする。 A liquid crystal display device,
A wavelength conversion layer for outputting wavelength-converted light;
A polarizing layer disposed between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer;
With
The water content of the polarizing layer is 3% or less. - 請求項9に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
バックライトをさらに備え、
前記波長変換層は、前記バックライトからの光を受けて波長変換し、前記液晶層は、前記波長変換層よりも視認側に配置されていることを特徴とする。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9,
Further equipped with a backlight,
The wavelength conversion layer receives the light from the backlight and converts the wavelength, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed on the viewing side with respect to the wavelength conversion layer. - 請求項9に記載の液晶表示装置であって、
前記偏光層と前記液晶層の間に水分の透過を抑制するためのバリアコート層が設けられていることを特徴とする。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9,
A barrier coat layer for suppressing moisture permeation is provided between the polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer. - 請求項9に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法であって、
アニール処理後に基板に貼合することで前記偏光層を形成することを特徴とする。 It is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device according to claim 9,
The polarizing layer is formed by bonding to a substrate after the annealing treatment. - 請求項9に記載の液晶表示装置の製造方法であって、
基板に貼合後、アニール処理することで前記偏光層を形成することを特徴とする。 It is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device according to claim 9,
The polarizing layer is formed by annealing after bonding to the substrate. - 偏光素子であって、
波長変換された光を出力する波長変換層を備える液晶表示装置に用いられ、
前記波長変換層と液晶層との間に配置され、含水率が3%以下である偏光層を備えることを特徴とする。
A polarizing element,
Used in a liquid crystal display device including a wavelength conversion layer that outputs wavelength-converted light,
A polarizing layer is provided between the wavelength conversion layer and the liquid crystal layer and has a water content of 3% or less.
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