WO2018196121A1 - 一种确定电池内短路的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种确定电池内短路的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018196121A1
WO2018196121A1 PCT/CN2017/088280 CN2017088280W WO2018196121A1 WO 2018196121 A1 WO2018196121 A1 WO 2018196121A1 CN 2017088280 W CN2017088280 W CN 2017088280W WO 2018196121 A1 WO2018196121 A1 WO 2018196121A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
time
current
short circuit
preset
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PCT/CN2017/088280
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈良金
蒋建平
房伟
崔瑞
许波鑫
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201780089490.9A priority Critical patent/CN110506215A/zh
Publication of WO2018196121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018196121A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electronics, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for determining a short circuit in a battery.
  • the essence of the short circuit in the battery is the short-circuit resistance in which the discharge is formed inside the battery.
  • the battery model before and after the internal short circuit occurs (a) shows a normal battery model, and (b) shows an equivalent battery model in which an internal short circuit has occurred.
  • the short-circuit resistance 1 of the battery is parallel with the internal resistance R of the battery. Since the internal resistance of the battery is very small, it is usually in the order of ten milliohms, even in parallel.
  • a short-circuit resistor is also difficult to measure the short-circuit resistance, so the short-circuit resistance cannot be directly measured to determine if the battery is internally short-circuited.
  • the industry proposes a method for determining the short circuit in the battery, and pre-stores the reference power required to charge the battery voltage from the first battery voltage to the second battery voltage.
  • the battery voltage is cumulatively measured.
  • the accumulated electric quantity required until the first battery voltage is charged to the second voltage is determined to be a short circuit inside the battery when the accumulated electric quantity is greater than the reference electric quantity.
  • the above-mentioned short circuit solution of the battery can only be implemented in the charging scenario, and the application scenario is limited, and the short circuit inside the battery cannot be found in time.
  • the load will affect the charging current, which in turn affects the voltage and power detected during the charging process. If the load causes the battery to increase during charging, it will cause a short circuit in the battery. Therefore, the above-mentioned scheme for determining the short circuit in the battery cannot accurately determine the short circuit in the battery in each scene in time.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a device for determining a short circuit in a battery, so as to accurately determine a short circuit in the battery in each scene in time.
  • the method provides a short circuit in the battery is determined, the method specifically comprises: first measuring the battery open circuit voltage OCV t 1 is a time, obtaining a predetermined correspondence between the OCV corresponding to the remaining battery charge Q OCV1, power from the battery and records relevant to the system time t 1 to flowing through the battery current integration Q CC1; wherein the predetermined relationship comprises the corresponding relationship between the open-circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to the remaining power; then, the battery open circuit voltage OCV measured at time t 2 2 , obtain the remaining battery power Q OCV2 of the battery corresponding to OCV 2 in the preset correspondence relationship, and record the current integral Q CC2 flowing through the battery from the time when the battery belongs to the system to t 2 ; according to Q OCV1 , Q CC1 , Q OCV2 , Q the CC2, the battery 1 is calculated between a time t 2 to time t, the short-circuit power in the battery per unit time difference generated, the short circuit current of the battery I ISC;
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery utilizes the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the battery capacity, obtains the corresponding battery power change by measuring the two open circuit voltages, and the current integral change flowing through the battery during the two open circuit voltage test, Further, the current value generated by the short circuit in the battery per unit time is obtained, and when the current value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the battery is internally short-circuited.
  • the implementation of the scheme has no limitation on the scene in which the battery is located, and due to the accurate correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the battery capacity, it is possible to accurately determine the short circuit inside the battery in various scenarios, and facilitate battery management.
  • time t 1 and the time t 2 are the times at which the battery open circuit voltage can be measured, and the time t 2 is later than the time t 1 on the time axis.
  • the amount of power generated by the short circuit in the battery per unit time between time t 1 and time t 2 is calculated.
  • Poor, as the internal short-circuit current I ISC of the battery, can be realized as: calculation
  • the preset correspondence may include a correspondence between an open circuit voltage of the battery and a remaining power at different battery temperatures.
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: acquiring the temperature T 1 of the battery at time t 1 before acquiring the remaining power quantity Q OCV1 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 in the preset correspondence relationship;
  • obtaining the remaining battery power Q OCV1 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 in the preset correspondence relationship includes: acquiring the remaining battery power Q OCV1 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 at the temperature T 1 in the preset correspondence relationship.
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery may further include: acquiring the temperature T 2 of the battery at time t 2 before acquiring the remaining power Q OCV2 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 2 in the preset correspondence relationship.
  • obtaining the remaining battery power Q OCV2 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 2 in the preset correspondence relationship includes: obtaining the remaining battery power Q OCV2 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 2 at the temperature T 2 in the preset correspondence relationship.
  • t is time and the second time interval time t 1 t 2 -t 1, is greater than or equal to a first predetermined time interval. It ensures that the power difference caused by the short-circuit current in the battery is accumulated to improve the calculation accuracy.
  • the remaining battery power included in the preset correspondence relationship is the remaining battery power percentage SOC
  • OCV 2 corresponds to the remaining battery capacity
  • FCC can be the theoretical rated full charge of the battery; or, FCC is the current rated full charge of the battery.
  • the initial value of the FCC is the theoretical rated full charge of the battery of the battery, and as the battery ages, the rated full capacity of the battery is gradually reduced, and the capacity can be self-learned.
  • the method is to get the current rated full charge of the battery in real time as the FCC.
  • the time t 1 or the time t 2 is a time when the battery is in an equilibrium state; the balanced state includes a current flowing through the battery per unit time The duration less than or equal to the preset current threshold is greater than or equal to the second preset time interval.
  • the battery is in equilibrium with the battery open circuit, and the open circuit voltage can be measured at this time, which ensures the implementability of the solution of the present application.
  • the present application before obtaining the remaining power quantity Q OCV1 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 in the preset correspondence relationship, the present application provides determining the internal short circuit of the battery.
  • the method may further include: after the battery is fully charged and stabilized at different test temperatures, the open circuit voltage corresponding to the different remaining power of the battery is tested to form a preset correspondence relationship.
  • the different remaining power of the battery can be achieved by stepping discharge.
  • the preset correspondence is obtained in advance to ensure the real-time performance of the solution of the present application.
  • measuring the open circuit voltage OCV 1 of the battery at time t 1 may specifically include: after the battery is stabilized, measuring the battery at time t 1 Open circuit voltage OCV 1 .
  • the definitions of battery stability are different in different scenarios.
  • the battery stability may include: the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the linear threshold, waiting for the battery to stop charging, keeping the charger powered to the system, and isolating the battery, waiting The third preset time interval.
  • the battery stabilization may specifically include: setting a fourth preset time interval. If the battery-powered system is in the standby state, the battery stability may include: after the system is woken up, the time difference between the current time and the system entering the standby state is greater than or equal to the fifth preset time interval.
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery provided by the present application may further include: determining whether the temperature difference of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature threshold at time t 2 and time t 1 .
  • Calculate the battery internal short-circuit current I ISC specifically comprises: when the temperature difference between the time t 2 and time t 1 is less than or equal to the battery temperature threshold, the battery is calculated in the short-circuit current I ISC.
  • the time t 2 is taken as the time t 1 , and the parameter assignment for calculating the internal short-circuit current I ISC of the battery is recorded. After the battery is stabilized, the next time is The time at which the open circuit voltage is measured is taken as the time t 2 , and the solution of the embodiment of the present application is re-executed.
  • the battery temperature variation during the execution of the solution of the present application is guaranteed to be within a certain range to improve the accuracy of the results of the present application.
  • an apparatus for determining a short circuit within a battery comprising a voltage measuring unit, a calculation and processing unit, and a current integration measuring unit.
  • the voltage measuring unit is configured to measure an open circuit voltage of the battery at different times;
  • the calculating and processing unit is configured to obtain a remaining power of the battery corresponding to each open circuit voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit in the preset correspondence relationship; wherein, the preset corresponding The relationship includes the correspondence between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power;
  • the current integral measuring unit is used for measuring the current integral flowing through the battery at each time from the start of the system to which the battery belongs to the voltage measuring unit to measure the open circuit voltage;
  • the calculation and processing unit also uses According to Q OCV1 , Q CC1 , Q OCV2 , Q CC2 , calculate the difference in the amount of electricity generated by the short circuit in the battery between time t 1 and time t 2 , as the internal short circuit current I ISC of the battery;
  • Q OCV1 and Q OCV2 are
  • a recording unit measures power from the battery of the system belongs to time t 1, t 2 time flowing through the battery current integration; with calculation and processing unit further Therefore , if the I ISC is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the battery is short-circuited.
  • the calculation and processing unit calculates, according to Q OCV1 , Q CC1 , Q OCV2 , and Q CC2 , the battery is short-circuited within a unit time between time t 1 and time t 2 .
  • the generated electric quantity difference, as the internal short-circuit current I ISC of the battery, can be realized as: calculation
  • the current integration measurement unit may include a current measurement module and an integration module.
  • the current measuring module is used to measure the current flowing through the battery; the integrating module is used to integrate the current measured by the current measuring module.
  • a device for determining a short circuit in a battery can implement the functions in the above method example, and the function can be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the apparatus for determining a short circuit in a battery includes a processor and a collector configured to support the device for determining a short circuit in the battery to perform the corresponding method in the foregoing method The function.
  • the collector is configured to support the parameter of the battery collection device that determines the short circuit in the battery.
  • the means for determining a short circuit within the battery can also include a memory for coupling with the processor that retains the program instructions and data necessary to determine the short circuit within the battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium for storing computer software instructions for use in determining the short circuit in a battery, which includes a program designed to perform the above aspects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery model provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a battery working scene architecture provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery working scenario architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • 4a is a schematic flow chart of another method for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal architecture of a charging chip for sub-path management according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of another method for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device and a battery connection structure for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another connection structure of a device for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for determining a short circuit in a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the current method for determining the short circuit in the battery is to compare the accumulated electric quantity of the charging with the theoretical reference electric quantity during the charging process of the battery, which is easy to cause misjudgment and the judgment is inaccurate.
  • the power of the battery does not match the remaining power, and the remaining power of the battery can accurately correspond to the open circuit voltage of the battery.
  • the basic principle of the application is: the remaining power of the battery
  • the open circuit voltage of the battery can be accurately matched.
  • the amount of change of the remaining power during the operation of the battery is obtained, and the difference between the change amount and the accumulated power of the flow battery during the operation of the battery is calculated and divided by the time, that is, The current formed by the internal short circuit can be obtained. If the current exists and is greater than the threshold, it can be determined that the battery is internally short-circuited. If the current is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the battery does not have an internal short circuit.
  • the entire determination process utilizes the acquisition parameters of the battery and is not limited by the battery scene, thereby accurately determining the short circuit in the battery under various scenarios.
  • the battery described in the present application can be a power supply battery in any system that is powered by a battery in the electronic field.
  • the system described herein may include, but is not limited to, a terminal, power steam Car and so on.
  • the terminal is the mobile communication device used by the user.
  • the terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an e-book, a mobile TV, a wearable device, a personal computer ( Personal Computer, PC) and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of the terminal.
  • the architecture includes a battery 101, a charging module 102, an external charger 103, and a system 104 powered by the battery 101.
  • the battery 101 includes a battery cell 1011.
  • FIG. 1a merely illustrates the architecture of the battery working scenario by way of example, and is not limiting.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the performance of the battery 101, such as the type and capacity.
  • the type of the system 104 for powering the battery 101 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • some battery operating architectures also include protection circuits, as shown in Figure 1a.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for determining a short circuit within a battery.
  • 2 shows an apparatus 20 for determining a short circuit within a battery associated with various embodiments of the present application.
  • the device 20 for determining a short circuit within the battery can be coupled to the battery 101 in the battery operating scene architecture shown in FIG. 1a for determining if the battery 101 is internally shorted.
  • Figure 3 illustrates that the device 20 for determining a short circuit within the battery is used in the battery operating scenario architecture illustrated in Figure 1a, in connection with the battery 101.
  • the apparatus 20 for determining a short circuit within the battery may include a processor 201, a memory 202, and a collector 203.
  • the specific components of the device 20 for determining the short circuit in the battery will be specifically described below with reference to FIG. 2:
  • the memory 202 may be a volatile memory such as a random-access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory such as a read-only memory. , ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD); or a combination of the above types of memory for storing a program that implements the method of the present application Code, data, and configuration files.
  • RAM random-access memory
  • non-volatile memory such as a read-only memory. , ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD); or a combination of the above types of memory for storing a program that implements the method of the present application Code, data, and configuration files.
  • the processor 201 is a control center of the device 20 for determining a short circuit in the battery, and may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or configured to be implemented.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • One or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application for example, one or more digital singular processors (DSPs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).
  • DSPs digital singular processors
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the processor 201 can perform various functions of the device 20 for determining a short circuit within the battery by running or executing a software program and/or module stored in the memory 202, and recalling data stored in the memory 202.
  • the collector 203 is used to collect parameters of the battery connected to the device 20 that determines the short circuit within the battery, and is provided to the device 20 that determines the short circuit within the battery to support the device 20 that determines the short circuit within the battery to perform various functions.
  • the collector 203 can collect the open circuit voltage of the battery, the current integral flowing through the battery, The temperature of the battery.
  • the collector 203 when the collector 203 is used to collect the temperature of the battery, the collector 203 can be implemented by a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor can pass a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor and a negative temperature coefficient (Negative Temperature Coefficient). , NTC) Thermistors, thermocouples and other temperature measuring device devices and their auxiliary circuits are implemented.
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • ADC analog to digital converter
  • the sampling resistor can be connected in series to any pole of the battery, and the voltage across the battery can be calculated by the voltage measured by the ADC to calculate the current flowing through the battery, and then the current is passed through the integrating circuit. Cumulative current integration is obtained.
  • the integration circuit can be implemented by a coulomb counter.
  • the foregoing specific implementation of the collector 203 is merely an example and is not specifically limited to the implementation manner of the collector 203.
  • the specific implementation of the configuration 203 can be configured according to the actual requirements, and the acquisition processor 201 determines the parameters of the battery required when the battery is short-circuited.
  • the processor 201 performs the following functions by running or executing a software program and/or module stored in the memory 202, and calling data stored in the memory 202:
  • the open circuit voltage OCV 1 of the battery at time t 1 is measured by the collector 203, and the remaining power Q OCV1 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 in the preset correspondence is obtained , and the collector 203 collects and records the flow from the system to the time t 1 of the battery.
  • the battery current integration Q CC1 wherein the preset corresponding relation comprises a battery open circuit voltage and the remaining power; measured by collecting cell 2 203, acquires open circuit voltage OCV t 2 time preset correspondence between the OCV 2
  • the remaining battery power Q OCV2 of the corresponding battery is recorded by the collector 203 from the current integration Q CC2 flowing through the battery from the system to which the battery belongs to the time t 2 ; according to Q OCV1 , Q CC1 , Q OCV2 , Q CC2 , the battery is calculated at t 1
  • the time difference between the time and the time t 2 the short circuit caused by the short circuit in the battery per unit time, as the internal short circuit current I ISC of the battery; if the I ISC is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the short circuit in the battery is determined.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a short circuit in a battery, which is applied to a device for determining a short circuit in a battery, for determining whether an internal short circuit occurs in a battery connected to a device for determining a short circuit in the battery.
  • the method may include:
  • the preset correspondence may include a correspondence between an open circuit voltage of the battery and a remaining power. After obtaining the open circuit voltage of the battery at a certain time, by querying the preset correspondence, the remaining battery power corresponding to the open circuit voltage can be obtained.
  • the remaining power of the battery included may be the absolute value Q of the remaining power, or may be the remaining SOC of the power, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the remaining power of the battery is the absolute value of the remaining battery Q.
  • the preset correspondence relationship is obtained.
  • the remaining power of the battery included in the preset correspondence is the remaining battery percentage SOC
  • the remaining power corresponding to the open circuit voltage is first read to obtain the remaining percentage SOC of the power, and then multiplied by the FCC to obtain the remaining battery power.
  • the FCC is the theoretical rated full charge of the battery; or, the FCC is the current rated full charge of the battery.
  • the FCC when the FCC is the theoretical rated full charge of the battery, the FCC is a fixed value that does not change, determined by the initial performance of the battery, and the rated nominal parameter of the battery.
  • the FCC when the FCC is the current rated full charge of the battery, the FCC changes according to the performance of the battery.
  • the initial value is the theoretical rated full charge of the battery. As the battery ages, the rated full capacity will gradually decrease. The method obtains the full capacity of the battery under different aging procedures and records, and the current rated full power of the battery is the full capacity of the newly recorded battery.
  • the content of the method for capacity self-learning is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application, and may be selected according to actual needs. Any method that can be used to learn the latest full power of the battery can be used as the capacity described herein. study method.
  • the remaining power of the battery included in the preset correspondence is the remaining battery percentage SOC
  • the percentage of battery remaining capacity corresponding to OCV 1 is the percentage of battery remaining capacity corresponding to OCV 1 .
  • the content in the preset correspondence relationship may be configured according to actual requirements, and the preset correspondence relationship may include only the correspondence between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power, as shown in Table 1 below.
  • the preset correspondence may include a correspondence between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power at different battery temperatures, as shown in Table 2 below.
  • the content shown in Table 1 or the content shown in Table 2 may be configured according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the preset correspondence may only include the correspondence between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power.
  • the preset correspondence may include the open circuit voltage and the remaining power of the battery under different battery temperatures.
  • the example here is only an example to describe the content of the preset correspondence, and is not limited thereto.
  • Tables 1 and 2 only illustrate the content of the preset correspondence by way of example, and are not limited to the content and form of the preset correspondence.
  • preset correspondences such as graphs or fitting formulas may be stored using content other than the table.
  • the content in the preset correspondence can be generated according to actual measurements.
  • the remaining power included in the preset correspondences shown in Table 1 and Table 2 is the percentage of the remaining power. The example is not limited. As mentioned above, the remaining power included in the preset correspondence may also be the absolute value of the remaining battery power. .
  • the remaining power of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 in the preset correspondence is obtained in S401.
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application before the Q OCV1 may further include S401a.
  • the battery short-circuit determination means acquires the temperature of the battery at the time t 1 T 1.
  • S401a and the S401 may be executed at the same time, or may be performed in succession.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
  • the figure only illustrates the execution order of S401a and S401, but it is not specific to this. limited.
  • the remaining power quantity Q OCV1 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 in the preset correspondence relationship is obtained in S401, including: acquiring the remaining power quantity Q OCV1 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 1 at the temperature T 1 in the preset correspondence relationship.
  • the content included in the preset correspondence relationship is usually obtained by interpolation. Therefore, the measured open circuit voltage value may not be included in the preset correspondence relationship. In this case, the preset correspondence relationship may be obtained. The measured open circuit voltage value is close to the remaining power corresponding to the two open circuit voltage values, and then the remaining power corresponding to the measured open circuit voltage is obtained in equal proportion.
  • the preset correspondence relationship may not include the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power at the measured battery temperature.
  • the measured battery temperature may be obtained in the preset correspondence relationship before and after the temperature is close to two temperatures.
  • the remaining power of the open circuit voltage value is equal to the measured value.
  • the time t 1 of measuring the open circuit voltage is the time when the battery is in the equilibrium state.
  • the battery is equivalent to the open circuit state, and at this time, the open circuit voltage can be directly measured.
  • Defining the balance state of the battery includes a duration in which the current flowing through the battery per unit time is less than or equal to a preset current threshold, greater than or equal to a second predetermined time interval.
  • preset current threshold and the duration of the second preset time interval may be configured according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • S401 can be implemented by the collector 203 in the apparatus for determining a short circuit within the battery illustrated in FIG.
  • measuring the open circuit voltage of the battery can be measured by an ADC.
  • the current integral flowing through the battery is measured, and the current flowing through the battery can be calculated by connecting the voltage across the battery through the resistance of the ADC, and the current is integrated after being accumulated.
  • the battery corresponding to the OCV 2 in the preset correspondence is acquired in S402.
  • the method of the remaining amount Q OCV2, determining the short circuit of the battery according to this embodiment may further include application S401a.
  • the battery short-circuit determination means acquires the temperature of the battery at the time t 2 T 2.
  • S402a and the S402 may be executed at the same time, or may be performed sequentially. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this. The figure only illustrates the execution order of S402a and S402, but it is not specific to this. limited.
  • the remaining power quantity Q OCV2 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 2 in the preset correspondence relationship is obtained in S402, including: acquiring the remaining power quantity Q OCV2 of the battery corresponding to the OCV 2 at the temperature T 2 in the preset correspondence relationship.
  • the time t 2 of measuring the open circuit voltage is the time when the battery is in the equilibrium state.
  • the battery is equivalent to the open circuit state, and at this time, the open circuit voltage can be directly measured.
  • time t 1 and the time t 2 may be the time when the battery open circuit voltage can be measured twice in succession, or the time when the battery open circuit voltage can be measured in two consecutive times, which is not specifically described in this embodiment of the present application. limited. As long as the time t 2 is after the time t 1 .
  • the time interval t 2 -t 1 of performing S402 and executing S401 is greater than or equal to the first preset time interval, so that the power accumulation is obvious, and the accuracy of the calculation is ensured.
  • the first preset time interval may be configured according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first preset time interval may be half an hour or one hour.
  • Q OCV1 -Q OCV2 represents the amount of change in the remaining capacity of the battery between time t 1 and time t 2
  • the amount of change in the remaining capacity of the battery between time t 1 and time t 2 is a decrease amount
  • Q OCV1 -Q OCV2 is a positive value
  • the amount of change in battery residual capacity between time t 1 and time t 2 is an increase
  • Q OCV1 -Q OCV2 is a negative value
  • Q CC2 -Q CC1 indicates time t 1 to time t 2 between the total amount of electricity of the battery outward, a scene in the discharge time t 1 to time t 2 between the total amount of electricity in the battery to increase the amount of outward
  • Q CC2 -Q CC1 is a positive value
  • the total amount of power supplied by the battery between t 1 and t 2 is the amount of reduction
  • Q CC2 -Q CC1 is a negative value
  • the difference between Q OCV1 -Q OCV2 and Q CC2 -Q CC1 The amount of discharge of the internal short-circuit resistance in the presence of an internal short circuit.
  • Q OCV1 -Q OCV2 when the battery is in a discharge scenario, Q OCV1 -Q OCV2 is greater than or equal to Q CC2 -Q CC1 , and when the battery is in a charging scenario, Q OCV1 -Q OCV2 is less than or equal to Q CC2 -Q CC1 .
  • the difference between the two when the battery does not have an internal short circuit, the difference between the two is less than the preset threshold.
  • the difference between the two is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. The difference between the two is divided by the time difference from the time t 1 to the time t 2 , and the current caused by the internal short circuit is obtained.
  • the following describes the process of calculating the internal short-circuit current I ISC of the battery by taking the discharge scene and the charging scene as an example.
  • the measured system current is connected to the current integral of the battery at time t 2
  • I ISC is greater than or equal to a preset threshold
  • the device for determining a short circuit in the battery determines a short circuit in the battery.
  • the preset threshold can be configured according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this application. Exemplarily, if the battery-powered system is a mobile phone, the preset threshold can be configured to be small, for example, a few milliamps; if the battery-powered system is a vehicle, the preset threshold can be configured to be large, for example, several tens of milliamps; The value is determined according to actual needs.
  • the preset threshold is determined to increase the present The accuracy of the program to avoid misjudgment.
  • the battery may be a steady state at a next time t 1, S401 to S404 process re-executed, it is determined whether the battery short-circuited.
  • time t 2 may be used as time t 1, the time t 2 the parameter acquired in S402 as a time t 1 acquired in S401, S404 and then the next cell after the time t 2 as the steady state, re-run The process of S402 to S404 determines whether the battery has an internal short circuit.
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery utilizes the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the battery capacity, obtains the corresponding battery power change by measuring the two open circuit voltages, and the current integral change flowing through the battery during the two open circuit voltage test, Further, the current value generated by the short circuit in the battery per unit time is obtained, and when the current value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, it is determined that the battery is internally short-circuited.
  • the implementation of the scheme has no limitation on the scene in which the battery is located, and due to the accurate correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the battery capacity, it is possible to accurately determine the short circuit inside the battery in various scenarios, and facilitate battery management.
  • the method for determining a short circuit in a battery provided by the embodiment of the present application is used to evaluate whether an internal short circuit occurs in a battery in a battery charging state, a battery full state, a battery discharging state, a battery discharging standby state, and the like.
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application is not affected by the state of the battery.
  • the open circuit voltage OCV 1 of the battery at time t 1 is measured in S401, and specifically, after the battery is stabilized, the open circuit voltage OCV 1 of the battery at time t 1 is measured. .
  • the open circuit voltage OCV 2 of the battery at time t 2 is measured in S402, and specifically, after the battery is stabilized, the open circuit voltage OCV 2 of the battery at time t 2 is measured.
  • the battery stability it can be configured according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the following example describes a definition of battery stability that is concentrated, but is not specifically limited to the definition of battery stability.
  • the battery stability is defined as: the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the linear threshold, the battery is stopped, the charger is powered to the system, and the battery is isolated, waiting for a third preset time interval.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the internal architecture of a conventional sub-path managed charging chip that charges the battery while powering the system. When the battery is fully charged, you can control the switch in the figure below to turn off the battery, or to disconnect the battery during the charging process.
  • the battery stability is defined as: resting for a fourth preset time interval.
  • the non-charging state may include a full-stand state, that is, a charging completion state.
  • the battery stability is defined as: the time difference between the current time and the system entering the standby state after the system is woken up is greater than or equal to the fifth preset time interval.
  • linear threshold the third preset time interval, the fourth preset time interval, and the fifth preset time interval may be configured according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limited.
  • the method for determining the short circuit in the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include S405. It should be noted that, in FIG. 6 of the embodiment of the present application, only the basis of FIG. 5 is used, but the specific method for determining the short circuit in the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application is not specifically limited. The steps further included in FIG. 6 compared to FIG. 5 may also be included on the basis of the method for determining the short circuit in the battery illustrated in FIG. 4, and will not be further described herein.
  • the preset correspondence is established in S405, which may be performed in a laboratory measurement, or may be performed in a battery operation process by machine learning, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a process for constructing a preset correspondence relationship including: after the battery is fully charged and stabilized at different test temperatures, the open circuit voltage corresponding to different remaining powers of the battery is tested to form a preset correspondence relationship.
  • the description here is a construction process in which the preset correspondence includes the correspondence between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power at different temperatures.
  • the preset correspondence only includes the correspondence between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power
  • the open circuit voltage corresponding to the different remaining power of the battery is tested at a predetermined temperature to form a preset correspondence.
  • the predetermined temperature may be determined according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the following describes, by way of example, a process of obtaining a correspondence between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power at a certain temperature: at this temperature, the battery is fully charged, and at this temperature, after the standstill, the remaining power is 100 at this time. %, measure the open circuit voltage at this time; then discharge 5%, test the battery open circuit voltage when the remaining charge is 95%; repeat this until the battery charge is zero. In this way, the corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage of the battery and the remaining power at this temperature is obtained.
  • the determining battery provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • the method of the inner short circuit may further include S406 before S403.
  • the device for determining a short circuit in the battery determines whether the temperature difference between the battery at time t 2 and time t 1 is less than or equal to a temperature threshold.
  • the temperature threshold is used to control the temperature range of the battery during the two sampling processes when implementing the embodiment of the present application.
  • the value of the temperature threshold can be configured according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the internal short-circuit current I ISC of the battery is calculated in S403.
  • the temperature difference of the battery is greater than the temperature threshold.
  • the battery may be a steady state at a next time t 1, S401 to S404 process re-executed, it is determined whether the battery short-circuited.
  • time t 2 may be used as time t 1, the time t 2 S402 is acquired at time t 1 as a parameter acquired in S401, S406 and then the next cell after the time t 2 as the steady state, re-run
  • the process of S402 to S404 determines whether the battery has an internal short circuit.
  • the means for determining a short circuit within the battery in order to carry out the above-described functions, comprise corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing the respective functions.
  • the present application can be implemented in a combination of hardware or hardware and computer software in combination with the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or computer software to drive hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application may perform the division of the function module on the device for determining the short circuit in the battery according to the above method example.
  • each function module may be divided according to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of the module in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and the actual implementation may have another division manner.
  • FIG. 7 shows a possible structural diagram of the apparatus for determining the short circuit in the battery involved in the above embodiment.
  • the means 70 for determining a short circuit within the battery may include a voltage measuring unit 701, a calculation and processing unit 702, and a current integral measuring unit 703.
  • the voltage measuring unit 701, the calculating and processing unit 702, and the current integral measuring unit 703 acquiring unit 601 for supporting the determining of the short circuit in the battery performs the processes S401, S402 in FIG. 4 or FIG. 4a or FIG. 6;
  • calculating and processing Unit 70 is operative to support apparatus 70 for determining a short circuit within the battery to perform processes S403 and S404 of FIG. 4 or FIG. 4a or FIG. All the related content of the steps involved in the foregoing method embodiments may be referred to the functional descriptions of the corresponding functional modules, and details are not described herein again.
  • Figure 8 illustrates an architecture for determining the connection of device 70 to a battery within a battery.
  • the operation of the apparatus 70 for determining a short circuit within the battery is described in conjunction with FIG.
  • one end of the voltage measuring unit 701 is connected to the battery for measuring the open circuit voltage of the battery, and the other end is connected to the calculation and processing unit 702 to transmit the measured open circuit voltage of the battery to the calculation and processing unit 702.
  • One end of the current integration measuring unit 703 is connected to one pole of the battery (which may be any pole of the battery, the anode in FIG. 8 is not limited) for measuring the current integration flowing through the battery, and the other end is connected to the calculation and processing unit.
  • the calculation and processing unit 702 performs the method of determining the internal short circuit of the battery described in the method embodiment of the present application according to the parameters transmitted by the voltage measuring unit 701 and the current integral measuring unit 703. The specific process has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described herein.
  • the voltage measuring unit 701 can measure the open circuit voltage of the battery by connecting the two poles of the battery.
  • the voltage measuring unit 701 can be connected to any pole of the battery, and the other battery of the default battery is grounded.
  • the negative electrode of the battery is omitted as a grounding drawing.
  • the current integration measurement unit 703 in the device 70 for determining the short circuit in the battery may specifically include a current measurement module 7031 and an integration module 7032.
  • the current measurement module 7031 is used to measure the current flowing through the battery;
  • the integration module 7032 is used to accumulate the current measured by the current measuring module as a current integral.
  • the current measurement module 7031 and the integration module 7032 support the current integration measurement unit 703 to perform its function.
  • the device 70 for determining the short circuit in the battery may further include a temperature measuring unit 704 for measuring the temperature of the battery at each time when the voltage measuring unit 701 measures the open circuit voltage of the battery.
  • the temperature measuring unit 704 can support the device 70 for determining a short circuit within the battery to perform step S401a or S402a in FIG. 4a or 6.
  • the voltage measuring unit 701 can implement measurement by using an ADC;
  • the current integration measuring unit 703 can be implemented by a resistor, an ADC, and an integrating circuit, wherein the resistor is connected in series to the positive or negative pole of the battery, and the other end of the resistor is connected to the load through the ADC.
  • the voltage across the resistor is measured to calculate the current flowing through the battery, and the integrated current is used to obtain the amount of electricity.
  • Computing and processing unit 702 can be a processor or controller.
  • it can be a CPU, a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof.
  • the temperature measuring unit 704 can be implemented by a temperature sensor, which can include a temperature sensitive resistor or a thermocouple, and an auxiliary circuit of a temperature sensitive resistor or a thermocouple.
  • the integration circuit described in the embodiment of the present application may be a coulomb meter or an accumulator.
  • the voltage measuring unit 701 is an ADC
  • the current integral measuring unit 703 is a resistor, an ADC, and a coulomb counter
  • the temperature measuring unit 704 is a temperature sensor
  • the computing and processing unit 702 is a CPU
  • FIG. 12 shows a possible structural diagram of the apparatus for determining a short circuit in the battery involved in the above embodiment.
  • the device 120 for determining a short circuit in the battery may include a processing module 1201 and an acquisition module 1202.
  • the processing module 1201 is for controlling the operation of the device 120 that determines the short circuit in the battery.
  • the processing module 1201 is configured to support the determination of all of the processes in FIG. 4 or FIG. 4a or FIG.
  • the processing module 1201 controls the acquisition module 1202 to collect parameters of the battery.
  • the device 120 for determining a short circuit within the battery may further include a storage module 1203 for storing program codes and data of the device 120 for determining a short circuit within the battery.
  • the processing module 1201 may be the processor 201 in the physical structure of the device 20 for determining the short circuit in the battery shown in FIG. 2, and may be a processor or a controller.
  • it can be a CPU, a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. It is possible to implement or carry out the various illustrative logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure.
  • Processor 1201 may also be a combination of computing functions, such as one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like.
  • the acquisition module 1202 can be the collector 203 in the physical structure of the device 20 that determines the short circuit within the battery shown in FIG.
  • the acquisition module 1203 can be at least one of a temperature sensor, an ADC, and an integration circuit.
  • the storage module 1203 may be the memory 202 in the physical structure of the device 20 that determines the short circuit within the battery shown in FIG. 2.
  • the processing module 1201 is a processor
  • the collection module 1202 is a collector
  • the storage module 1203 is In the case of the memory
  • the device 120 for determining the short circuit in the battery according to FIG. 12 of the embodiment of the present application may be the device 20 for determining the short circuit in the battery shown in FIG. 2.
  • the apparatus for determining the short circuit in the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application may be used to implement the method implemented in the foregoing embodiments of the present application.
  • the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown, and the specific technical details are not provided.
  • the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented in a hardware or may be implemented by a processor executing software instructions.
  • the software instructions may be composed of corresponding software modules, which may be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), and electrically erasable programmable read only memory (Electrically EPROM).
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • registers hard disk, removable hard disk, compact disk read only (CD-ROM) or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor to enable the processor to read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can be located in a core network interface device.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist as discrete components in the core network interface device.
  • the functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer readable medium.
  • Computer readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another.
  • a storage medium may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be electrical or otherwise.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit. It is also possible that each unit is physically included separately, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.
  • the above-described integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the software functional unit described above is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform portions of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本发明的实施例提供一种确定电池内短路的方法及装置，涉及电子领域，实现准确的在各场景中及时确定电池内短路。本发明实施例提供的方案：测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1及电池温度，获取预设对应关系中测量的电池温度下OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1，并记录从电池所属***开机至t1时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC1；测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2及电池温度，获取预设对应关系中测量的电池温度下OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2，并记录从电池所属***开机至t2时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC2；计算该电池的内短路电流IISC；若计算的IISC大于或等于预设门限，确定该电池内短路。本发明用于确定电池是否发生内短路。

Description

一种确定电池内短路的方法及装置
本申请要求于2017年04月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710282885.2、发明名称为“一种电池内短路检测的方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子领域，尤其涉及一种确定电池内短路的方法及装置。
背景技术
随着电子技术的不断发展，电池供电的设备越发普及。由于电池在生产过程中的瑕疵、电池老化、使用不当、析锂、析铜、外力作用等原因，都有可能导致电池内短路，进而可能会发生热失控，造成电池的燃烧事件。因此，及时的发现电池内短路，将有效提高电池供电的设备的可靠性及用户的体验。
电池内短路的本质，是电池内部形成了放电的短路电阻。如图1所示的电池发生内短路前后的电池模型，(a)示意了正常的电池模型，(b)示意了发生了内短路的等效电池模型。根据戴维南等效定律，从图1中(b)的电池模型外面看，电池的短路电阻1和电池的内阻R并联，由于电池的内阻非常小，通常在十几毫欧姆，即使并联上一个短路电阻，也很难测量到短路电阻，所以无法直接测量短路电阻以确定电池是否发生内短路。
基于此，业界提出一种确定电池内短路的方案，预先存储将电池的电压从第1电池电压充电至第2电池电压为止所需要的基准电量，在充电过程中，累计测定将电池的电压从第1电池电压充电至第2电压为止所需要的累计电量，当累计电量大于基准电量时判断为电池内短路。
但是，上述电池内短路的方案只能在充电场景中实施，应用场景有限，不能及时的发现电池内短路。而且，电池供电的设备在有其他负载时，负载会影响充电的电流，进而影响充电的过程中检测的电压和电量，若负载导致充电过程中电量增大，则会造成误判电池内短路。因此，上述确定电池内短路的方案不能准确的在各场景中及时确定电池内短路。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种确定电池内短路的方法及装置，实现准确的在各场景中及时确定电池内短路。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种确定电池内短路的方法，该方法具体可以包括：先测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1，获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1，并记录从电池所属***开机至t1时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC1；其中，预设对应关系包括电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系；然后，测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2，获取预设对应关系中OCV2对应的电池的剩 余电量QOCV2，并记录从电池所属***开机至t2时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC2；根据QOCV1、QCC1、QOCV2、QCC2，计算电池在t1时刻到t2时刻之间，单位时间内电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为电池的内短路电流IISC；若计算的IISC大于或等于预设门限，确定该电池内短路。
本申请提供的确定电池内短路的方法，利用电池开路电压与电池容量的对应关系，通过测量两次开路电压得到对应的电池电量变化，以及两次开路电压测试过程中流经电池的电流积分变化，进而得到单位时间内由于电池内短路所产生的电流值，在该电流值大于或等于预设门限时，确定该电池发生内短路。该方案的实施对于电池所处的场景没有限制，并且由于开路电压与电池容量的准确对应关系，实现在各种场景下准确确定电池内短路，便于进行电池管理。
需要说明的是，t1时刻、t2时刻为可以测量到电池开路电压的时刻，t2时刻在时间轴上晚于t1时刻。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，根据QOCV1、QCC1、QOCV2、QCC2，计算电池在t1时刻到t2时刻之间，单位时间内电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为电池的内短路电流IISC，具体可以实现为：计算
Figure PCTCN2017088280-appb-000001
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，预设对应关系可以包括在不同的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系。此时，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法，在获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1之前，还可以包括：获取电池在t1时刻的温度T1；相应的，获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1，包括：获取预设对应关系中，在温度T1下OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1。同样的道理，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法，在获取预设对应关系中OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2之前，还可以包括：获取电池在t2时刻的温度T2；相应的，获取预设对应关系中OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2，包括：获取预设对应关系中，在温度T2下OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2。将开路电压、电池温度、电池容量三者的对应关系，应用于确定电池内短路的过程中，提高了方***度。
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，t2时刻与t1时刻的时间间隔t2-t1，大于或等于第一预设时间间隔。保证了电池内短路电流造成的电量差有所累计，以提高计算的精确度。
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，若预设对应关系中包括的剩余电量为剩余电量百分比SOC，OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1＝SOCOCV1*FCC，OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2＝SOCOCV2*FCC；其中，FCC可以为电池的理论额定满电电量；或者，FCC 为电池的当前额定满电电量。其中，当FCC为电池的当前额定满电电量时，FCC的初始值为电池的电池的理论额定满电电量，随着电池的老化，电池的额定满电容量会逐步降低，可以通过容量自学习的方法实时得到电池的当前额定满电电量作为FCC。
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，t1时刻或t2时刻为电池处于平衡状态的时刻；平衡状态包括流经电池的单位时间内的电流小于或等于预设电流门限的时长，大于或等于第二预设时间间隔。电池处于平衡状态等价于电池开路，此时可以测量得到开路电压，保证了本申请方案的可实施性。
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，在获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1之前，本申请提供的确定电池内短路的方法还可以包括：在不同的测试温度下，分别将电池充满电稳定后，测试电池不同剩余电量对应的开路电压，构成预设对应关系。其中，电池不同剩余电量可以通过逐步放电实现。预先测量得到预设对应关系，以保证本申请方案的实时性。
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1，具体可以包括：待电池稳定后，测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1。测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2，具体可以包括：待电池稳定后，测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2。电池稳定后，各个参数趋于稳定，保证了方案实施的有效性及准确性。
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，在不同的场景下，电池稳定的定义不同。提供几种电池稳定的定义如下：若电池处于充电状态，电池稳定具体可以包括：电池的电压大于或等于线性门限值，在将电池停止充电、保持充电器向***供电并隔离电池后，等待第三预设时间间隔。若电池处于非充电状态，电池稳定具体可以包括：静置第四预设时间间隔。若电池供电的***处于待机状态，电池稳定具体可以包括：在***被唤醒后，当前时刻与***进入待机状态的时间差大于或等于第五预设时间间隔。
结合第一方面或上述任一种可能的实现方式，在一种可能的实现方式中，若预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，在计算电池的内短路电流IISC之前，本申请提供的确定电池内短路的方法还可以包括：判断t2时刻与t1时刻，电池的温度差值是否小于或等于温度门限。计算电池的内短路电流IISC，具体可以包括：若t2时刻与t1时刻电池的温度差值小于或等于温度门限，计算电池的内短路电流IISC。若t2时刻与t1时刻电池的温度差值大于温度门限，将t2时刻作为t1时刻，记录用于计算电池的内短路电流IISC的参数赋值，待电池稳定后，将下一次可测量开路电压的时刻作为t2时刻，重新执行本申请实施例的方案。保证本申请方案执行过程中电池温度变化在一定范围内，以提高本申请方案结果的精确度。
第二方面，提供一种确定电池内短路的装置，该装置包括电压测量单元、 计算和处理单元、电流积分测量单元。其中，电压测量单元用于测量电池在不同时刻的开路电压；计算和处理单元用于获取预设对应关系中电压测量单元测量的每个开路电压对应的该电池的剩余电量；其中，预设对应关系包括电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系；电流积分测量单元用于测量记录从电池所属***开机至电压测量单元测量开路电压的每个时刻流经电池的电流积分；计算和处理单元还用于根据QOCV1、QCC1、QOCV2、QCC2，计算电池在t1时刻到t2时刻之间，单位时间内电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为电池的内短路电流IISC；其中，QOCV1、QOCV2为电压测量单元在t1时刻、t2时刻测量的电池的开路电压OCV1、OCV2在预设对应关系中对应的电池的剩余电量；QCC1、QCC2为电流积分测量单元测量记录的从电池所属***开机至t1时刻、t2时刻流经电池的电流积分；计算和处理单元还用于，若IISC大于或等于预设门限，确定电池内短路。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，计算和处理单元根据QOCV1、QCC1、QOCV2、QCC2，计算电池在t1时刻到t2时刻之间，单位时间内电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为电池的内短路电流IISC，具体可以实现为：计算
Figure PCTCN2017088280-appb-000002
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，电流积分测量单元可以包括电流测量模块及积分模块。其中，电流测量模块用于测量流经电池的电流；积分模块用于将电流测量模块测量的电流累计积分。
需要说明的是，第二方面提供的确定电池内短路的装置的具体实现，与第一方面提供的确定电池内短路的方法的具体实现相同，此处不再一一赘述。
第三方面，提供一种确定电池内短路的装置，该确定电池内短路的装置可以实现上述方法示例中的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个上述功能相应的模块。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，该确定电池内短路的装置的结构中包括处理器和采集器，该处理器被配置为支持该确定电池内短路的装置执行上述方法中相应的功能。该采集器用于支持该确定电池内短路的装置采集电池的参数。该确定电池内短路的装置还可以包括存储器，该存储器用于与处理器耦合，其保存该确定电池内短路的装置必要的程序指令和数据。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，用于储存为上述确定电池内短路的装置所用的计算机软件指令，其包含用于执行上述方面所设计的程序。
上述第二方面至第四方面提供的方案，用于实现上述第一方面提供的确定电池内短路的方法，因此可以与第一方面达到相同的有益效果，此处不再进行赘述。
附图说明
图1为现有技术提供的一种电池模型示意图；
图1a为现有技术提供的一种电池工作场景架构的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种确定电池内短路的装置的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电池工作场景架构的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种确定电池内短路的方法的流程示意图；
图4a为本申请实施例提供的另一种确定电池内短路的方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种分路径管理的充电芯片的内部架构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的再一种确定电池内短路的方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种确定电池内短路的装置的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种确定电池内短路的装置与电池连接架构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的再一种确定电池内短路的装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种确定电池内短路的装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种确定电池内短路的装置与电池连接架构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的又一种确定电池内短路的装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
目前，电池的应用越来越高，但是电池内短路的现象却无法避免，电池发生内短路会对该电池供电的***造成无法挽回的损坏，因此，及时确定电池内短路尤为重要。如本文背景技术描述，目前确定电池内短路的方法是在电池充电过程中根据充电的累计电量与理论的基准电量比较判断，容易造成误判且判断不准确。
由于电池内短路的本质是电池内部形成放电电阻，造成电池的电量与剩余电量不符，而电池的剩余电量与电池的开路电压可以准确对应，基于此，本申请的基本原理是：电池的剩余电量与电池的开路电压可以准确对应，通过测量电池的开路电压，得到电池工作过程中剩余电量的变化量，将该变化量与电池工作过程中流量电池的累计电量计算差值并除以时间，即可得到由于内短路形成的电流，若该电流存在并大于门限，即可确定电池发生内短路，若该电流小于预设的门限值，则确定电池未发生内短路。整个确定过程利用电池的采集参数，且不受电池场景的限制，实现了在各种场景下准确的确定电池内短路。
需要说明的是，本申请中描述的电池，可以为电子领域通过电池供电的任意***中的供电电池。此处描述的***，可以包括但不限于终端、电力汽 车等。终端即用户使用的移动通信设备。终端可以为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(Ultra-mobile Personal Computer，UMPC)、上网本、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、电子书、移动电视、穿戴设备、个人电脑(Personal Computer，PC)等等。本申请实施例对于终端的类型也不进行具体限定。
本申请提供的确定电池内短路的方法，应用于如图1a所示的电池工作场景架构中。如图1a所示，该架构中包括电池101、充电模块102、外部充电器103及通过电池101供电的***104。其中，电池101中包括电芯1011。
需要说明的是，图1a仅仅是通过举例对电池工作场景的架构进行示意，并不构成限定。对于电池101的类型以及容量等性能，本申请实施例不进行具体限定。对于电池101供电的***104的类型，本申请实施例也不进行具体限定。在实际应用中，部分电池工作架构中还包括保护电路，如1a中对此不进行示意。
下面结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行具体阐述。
一方面，本申请实施例提供一种确定电池内短路的装置。图2示出的是与本申请各实施例相关的一种确定电池内短路的装置20。确定电池内短路的装置20可以与图1a所示的电池工作场景架构中的电池101连接，用于确定电池101是否发生内短路。图3示意了确定电池内短路的装置20应用于图1a示意的电池工作场景架构中，与电池101连接。
如图2所示，确定电池内短路的装置20可以包括：处理器201、存储器202、采集器203。下面结合图2对确定电池内短路的装置20的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
存储器202，可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)；或者非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)，快闪存储器(flash memory)，硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)；或者上述种类的存储器的组合，用于存储可实现本申请方法的程序代码、数据以及配置文件。
处理器201是确定电池内短路的装置20的控制中心，可以是一个中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，也可以是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)。处理器201可以通过运行或执行存储在存储器202内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器202内的数据，执行确定电池内短路的装置20的各种功能。
采集器203用于采集确定电池内短路的装置20连接的电池的参数，并提供给确定电池内短路的装置20，以支持确定电池内短路的装置20执行各种功能。示例性的，采集器203可以采集电池的开路电压、流经电池的电流积分、 电池的温度。
需要说明的是，采集器203采集不同参数时，其具体的实现方式不同，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。
示例性的，当采集器203用于采集电池的温度时，采集器203可以通过温度传感器实现，温度传感器可以通过正温度系数(Positive Temperature Coefficient，PTC)热敏电阻、负温度系数(Negative Temperature Coefficient，NTC)热敏电阻、热电偶等温度测量器件器件及其辅助电路实现。当采集器203用于采集电池的开路电压时，可以采用模数变换器(Analog to Digital Converter，ADC)实现测量。当采集器203用于采集流经电池的电流积分时，可以通过采样电阻串联于电池的任一极，通过ADC测量获取电阻两端的电压计算出流经电池的电流，再通过积分电路对电流进行累积得到电流积分。其中，积分电路可以采用库仑计实现。
需要说明的是，上述对于采集器203的具体实现，只是示例说明，并不是对采集器203实现方式的具体限定。在实际应用中，可以根据实际需求配置203的具体实现，以采集处理器201确定电池内短路时所需的电池的参数。
其中，处理器201通过运行或执行存储在存储器202内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器202内的数据，执行如下功能：
通过采集器203测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1，获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1，通过采集器203采集并记录从电池所属***开机至t1时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC1；其中，预设对应关系包括电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系；通过采集器203测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2，获取预设对应关系中OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2，通过采集器203记录从电池所属***开机至t2时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC2；根据QOCV1、QCC1、QOCV2、QCC2，计算电池在t1时刻到t2时刻之间，单位时间内电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为电池的内短路电流IISC；若IISC大于或等于预设门限，确定电池内短路。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供一种确定电池内短路的方法，应用于确定电池内短路的装置，用于确定与确定电池内短路的装置连接的电池是否发生内短路。如图4所示，该方法可以包括：
S401、确定电池内短路的装置测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1，获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1，记录从电池所属***开机至t1时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC1。
其中，预设对应关系可以包括电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系。当获取到某一个时刻电池的开路电压后，通过查询预设对应关系，即可得到开路电压对应的电池剩余电量。
可选的，在预设对应关系中，包括的电池的剩余电量可以为电量剩余的绝对值Q，或者，也可以为电量剩余百分比SOC，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。
具体的，当预设对应关系中包括的电池的剩余电量为电量剩余的绝对值Q 时，获取开路电压对应的剩余电量读取预设对应关系即可得到。当预设对应关系中包括的电池的剩余电量为电量剩余百分比SOC时，获取开路电压对应的剩余电量先读取预设对应关系得到电量剩余百分比SOC，再乘以FCC得到电池剩余电量。其中，FCC为电池的理论额定满电电量；或者，FCC为电池的当前额定满电电量。
进一步的，当FCC为电池的理论额定满电电量时，FCC为固定值不变化，由电池的初始性能决定，电池的额定标称参数。当FCC为电池的当前额定满电电量时，FCC根据电池的性能变化，其初始值为电池的理论额定满电电量，随着电池的老化，额定满电容量会逐渐下降，通过容量自学习的方法得到不同老化程序下电池的满电容量并记录，电池的当前额定满电电量则为最新记录的电池的满电容量。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例对于容量自学习的方法内容不进行具体限定，可以根据实际需求选择，凡是可以用于学习电池的最新满电电量的方法，都可以作为本文所描述的容量自学习方法。
基于此，当预设对应关系中包括的电池的剩余电量为电量剩余百分比SOC时，S401中，OCV1对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV1＝SOCOCV1*FCC，SOCOCV1为预设对应关系中，OCV1对应的电池剩余电量百分比。
可选的，对于预设对应关系中的内容，可以根据实际需求配置，预设对应关系可以仅包括电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，如下表1所示。或者，预设对应关系可以包括在不同的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，如下表2所示。对于预设对应关系如表1所示内容还是表2所示内容，可以根据实际需求配置，本申请实施例对此并不进行具体限定。
示例性的，当电池应用场景中温度稳定时，为了简化预设对应关系的内容，预设对应关系可以仅仅包括电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系。当电池的应用场景复杂，温度多变，且在不同温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量有不同的对应关系，预设对应关系可以包括在不同的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系。当然，此处只是示例描述预设对应关系内容，并不是对此进行的限定。
表1
开路电压(伏) 剩余电量
4.35 100％
4.15 90％
3.95 80％
…… ……
表2
Figure PCTCN2017088280-appb-000003
需要说明的是，表1、表2只是通过示例的形式，对预设对应关系的内容进行说明，并不是对预设对应关系的内容以及形式的限定。在实际应用中，可以采用表格以外的内容存储预设对应关系，例如曲线图或者拟合公式。而且，在实际应用中，可以根据实际测量生成预设对应关系中的内容。表1、表2示意的预设对应关系包括的剩余电量为剩余电量的百分比，仅为示例不构成限定，如前所述，预设对应关系包括的剩余电量还可以为电池剩余电量的绝对值。
进一步的，当预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，如图4a所示，S401中在获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1之前本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法还可以包括S401a。
S401a、确定电池内短路的装置获取电池在t1时刻的温度T1。
需要说明的是，S401a与S401可以同时执行，也可以先后执行，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定，附图中只是示意了一种S401a与S401的执行顺序，但并不是对此的具体限定。
相应的，S401中获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1，包括：获取预设对应关系中，在温度T1下OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1。
还需要说明的是，由于预设对应关系中包括的内容，通常通过插值的方式获取，因此，预设对应关系中可能不包括测量的开路电压值，此时，可以在预设对应关系中获取测量的开路电压值接近的前后两个开路电压值对应的剩余电量，再等比例求得测量的开路电压对应的剩余电量。
同理，预设对应关系中可能不包括测量的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，此时，可以在预设对应关系中获取测量的电池温度接近的前后两个温度下的开路电压值对应的剩余电量，再等比例求得测量的 电池温度下，开路电压对应的剩余电量。
进一步的，测量开路电压的t1时刻为电池处于平衡状态的时刻，当电池处于平衡状态时，电池等效于开路状态，此时则可以直接测量得到开路电压。定义电池的平衡状态包括流经电池的单位时间内的电流小于或等于预设电流门限的时长，大于或等于第二预设时间间隔。
需要说明的是，预设电流门限的大小及第二预设时间间隔的时长，可以根据实际需求配置，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。
示例性的，S401可以由图2示意的确定电池内短路的装置中的采集器203实现。在S401中，测量电池的开路电压可以通过ADC来实现测量。测量流经电池的电流积分，可以通过电阻串联在电池的任一极，再通过ADC测量电阻两端的电压计算流经电池的电流，累积后得到电流积分。
S402、确定电池内短路的装置测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2，获取预设对应关系中OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2，记录从电池所属***开机至t2时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC2。
需要说明的是，S402的执行过程与S401的执行过程相同，只是执行的时刻不同。具体执行过程已经在S401中进行了详细描述，此处不再进行赘述。
与S401中类似，当预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，如图4a所示，S402中在获取预设对应关系中OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2时，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法还可以包括S401a。
S402a、确定电池内短路的装置获取电池在t2时刻的温度T2。
需要说明的是，S402a与S402可以同时执行，也可以先后执行，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定，附图中只是示意了一种S402a与S402的执行顺序，但并不是对此的具体限定。
相应的，S402中获取预设对应关系中OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2，包括：获取预设对应关系中，在温度T2下OCV2对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV2。
进一步的，测量开路电压的t2时刻为电池处于平衡状态的时刻，当电池处于平衡状态时，电池等效于开路状态，此时则可以直接测量得到开路电压。
需要说明的是，t1时刻与t2时刻可以为连续两次可以测量电池开路电压的时刻，也可以为不连续的两次可以测量电池开路电压的时刻，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。只要t2时刻在t1时刻之后即可。
可选的，执行S402与执行S401的时间间隔t2-t1大于或等于第一预设时间间隔，使得电量累积明显，保证计算的精确度。
需要说明的，第一预设时间间隔可以根据实际需求配置，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。可选的，第一预设时间间隔可以为半小时或者一小时。
S403、确定电池内短路的装置根据QOCV1、QCC1、QOCV2、QCC2，计算电池在t1时刻到t2时刻之间，单位时间内电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为电池的内短路电流IISC。
具体的，在S403中可以计算
Figure PCTCN2017088280-appb-000004
其中，QOCV1-QOCV2表示了t1时刻到t2时刻之间电池剩余容量的变化量，在放电场景中，t1时刻到t2时刻之间电池剩余容量的变化量为减小量，QOCV1-QOCV2是一个正值，在充电场景中t1时刻到t2时刻之间电池剩余容量的变化量为增加量，QOCV1-QOCV2是一个负值；QCC2-QCC1表示了t1时刻到t2时刻之间电池向外供电的电量总和，在放电场景中t1时刻到t2时刻之间电池向外供电的电量总和为增加量，QCC2-QCC1是一个正值，充电场景下t1时刻到t2时刻之间电池向外供电的电量总和则为减少量，QCC2-QCC1是一个负值；QOCV1-QOCV2与QCC2-QCC1的差值则为存在内短路时内短路电阻的放电量。
可选的，当电池处于放电场景时，QOCV1-QOCV2大于或等于QCC2-QCC1，当电池处于充电场景时，QOCV1-QOCV2小于或等于QCC2-QCC1。理论上当电池没有发生内短路时，两者的差值小于预设门限。当电池发生内短路时，两者的差值则大于或等于预设门限，两者的差值除以t1时刻到t2时刻的时间差，则得到了内短路导致的电流。
下面分别以放电场景和充电场景为例，对计算电池的内短路电流IISC的过程进行示例描述。
示例性的，以表1示意的预设对应关系为例，在放电场景中，假设t1时刻电池OCV1＝4.15V，对应的电池容量百分比为SOCOCV1＝90％，测量的***开机至t1时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC1＝700毫安时(milli ampere/hours，mAH)，经过1小时，经过充电并静置后，t2时刻电池的OCV2＝3.95V，对应的电池容量百分比为SOCOCV2＝80％，测量的***开机至t2时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC2＝780mAH，假设该电池的FCC＝1000mAH，可以计算得到内短路电流IISC＝((90％-80％)*1000-(780-700))/1＝20毫安(milli ampere，mA)。
示例性的，以表1示意的预设对应关系为例，在充电场景中，假设t1时刻电池OCV1＝3.95V，对应的电池容量百分比为SOCOCV1＝80％，测量的***开机至t1时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC1＝800mAH，经过1小时，经过充电并静置后，t2时刻电池的OCV2＝4.15V，对应的电池容量百分比为SOCOCV2＝90％，测量的***开机至t2时刻流经电池的电流积分QCC2＝650mAH，假设该电池的FCC＝1000mAH，可以计算得到内短路电流IISC＝((80％-90％)*1000-(650-800))/1＝50mA。
S404、若IISC大于或等于预设门限，确定电池内短路的装置确定电池内短路。
其中，预设门限可以根据实际需求配置其大小，本申请对此不进行具体限定。示例性的，若电池供电的***为手机，预设门限可以配置的较小，例如几毫安；若电池供电的***为车辆，预设门限可以配置的较大，例如几十毫安；具体取值根据实际需求确定。
具体的，虽然绝对理想状态下当电池没有发生内短路时，SOCOCV1-SOCOCV2 与QCC2-QCC1的差值为0，但是为了避免其他方面的干扰，通过预设门限的判定，增加本方***度，避免误判。
可选的，若S404中判断IISC小于预设门限，则判断此时电池未发生内短路。此时，在S404之后，可以将在下一电池稳定状态作为t1时刻，重新执行S401至S404的过程，判断电池是否发生内短路。或者，在S404之后，可以将t2时刻作为t1时刻，将S402中t2时刻获取的参数作为S401中获取的t1时刻，再将S404之后下一电池稳定状态作为t2时刻，重新执行S402至S404的过程，判断电池是否发生内短路。
本申请提供的确定电池内短路的方法，利用电池开路电压与电池容量的对应关系，通过测量两次开路电压得到对应的电池电量变化，以及两次开路电压测试过程中流经电池的电流积分变化，进而得到单位时间内由于电池内短路所产生的电流值，在该电流值大于或等于预设门限时，确定该电池发生内短路。该方案的实施对于电池所处的场景没有限制，并且由于开路电压与电池容量的准确对应关系，实现在各种场景下准确确定电池内短路，便于进行电池管理。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法，在电池充电状态、电池充满静置状态、电池放电状态、电池放电待机状态等等场景中用于评估电池是否发生内短路，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法不受电池所处状态的影响。
可选的，为了提高本申请方案的实施稳定性，在S401中测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1，具体可以实现为：待电池稳定后，测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1。在S402中测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2，具体可以实现为：待电池稳定后，测量电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2。
对于电池稳定的定义，可以根据实际需求配置，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。下面示例描述集中对电池稳定的定义，但并不是对电池稳定的定义具体限定。
示例性的，若电池处于充电状态，电池稳定定义为：电池的电压大于或等于线性门限值，将电池停止充电、保持充电器向***供电并隔离电池后，等待第三预设时间间隔。
示例性的，图5示意了常见的分路径管理的充电芯片的内部架构，充电电路在给***供电的同时，给电池充电。当电池充满后，可以控制下图的开关关闭，隔离电池；或者充电过程断开开关，暂停充电。
示例性的，若电池处于非充电状态，电池稳定定义为：静置第四预设时间间隔。其中，非充电状态可以包括充满静置状态，即充电完成静置状态。
示例性的，若电池供电的***处于待机状态，即放电待机状态，电池稳定定义为：在***被唤醒后，当前时刻与***进入待机状态的时间差大于或等于第五预设时间间隔。
需要说明的是，线性门限值、第三预设时间间隔、第四预设时间间隔、第五预设时间间隔均可以根据实际需求配置，本申请实施例对此不进行具体 限定。
进一步的，如图6所示，在图5或图4示意的确定电池内短路的方法的基础上，在S401a之前，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法还可以包括S405。需要说明的是，本申请实施例的图6中仅以图5为基础，但并不是对本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法的具体限定。图6中相比于图5进一步包括的步骤，也可以在图4示意的确定电池内短路的方法的基础上包括，此处不再一一赘述。
S405、构建预设对应关系。
可选的，S405中构建预设对应关系，可以在实验室测量进行，也可以通过机器学习在电池运行过程中进行，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。
示例性的，提供一种构建预设对应关系的过程，包括：在不同的测试温度下，分别将电池充满电稳定后，测试电池不同剩余电量对应的开路电压，构成预设对应关系。此处描述是预设对应关系包括在不同温度下，电池开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系时的构建过程。当预设对应关系仅包括电池开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系时，则将电池充满电稳定后，在预定的温度下，测试电池不同剩余电量对应的开路电压，构成预设对应关系即可。其中，预定的温度可以根据实际需求确定，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。
示例性的，下面通过举例描述在某一温度下得到电池开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系的过程：在该温度下，将电池充满，在该温度下，静置后，此时剩余电量为100％，测定此时的开路电压；接着放电5％，测试剩余电量95％时的电池开路电压；如此重复，直到电池电量放电为0。这样就得到了这一温度下的电池开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系。
进一步的，若预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，在图5示意的确定电池内短路的方法的基础上，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的方法在S403之前，还可以包括S406。
S406、确定电池内短路的装置判断t2时刻与t1时刻，电池的温度差值是否小于或等于温度门限。
其中，温度门限用于控制实施本申请实施例方案时两次采样过程中电池的温度范围。温度门限的取值可以根据实际需求配置，本申请实施例对此不进行具体限定。
具体的，在S406中若判断t2时刻与t1时刻，电池的温度差值小于或等于温度门限，则执行S403计算电池的内短路电流IISC。
可选的，S406中若判断t2时刻与t1时刻，电池的温度差值大于温度门限。在S406之后，可以将在下一电池稳定状态作为t1时刻，重新执行S401至S404的过程，判断电池是否发生内短路。或者，在S406之后，可以将t2时刻作为t1时刻，将S402中t2时刻获取的参数作为S401中获取的t1时刻，再将S406之后下一电池稳定状态作为t2时刻，重新执行S402至S404的过程，判断电池是否发生内短路。
上述主要从确定电池内短路的装置的工作过程的角度对本申请实施例提 供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，确定电池内短路的装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对确定电池内短路的装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
在采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块的情况下，图7示出了上述实施例中所涉及的确定电池内短路的装置的一种可能的结构示意图。确定电池内短路的装置70可以包括：电压测量单元701、计算和处理单元702及电流积分测量单元703。其中，电压测量单元701、计算和处理单元702及电流积分测量单元703获取单元601用于支持确定电池内短路的装置70执行图4或图4a或图6中的过程S401、S402；计算和处理单元702用于支持确定电池内短路的装置70执行图4或图4a或图6中的过程S403和S404。其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，图8示意了一种确定电池内短路的装置70与电池连接的架构。结合图8描述确定电池内短路的装置70的工作过程。如图8所示，电压测量单元701的一端与电池连接用于测量电池的开路电压，另一端与计算和处理单元702连接，向计算和处理单元702传输测量的电池的开路电压。电流积分测量单元703的一端与电池的一极(可以为电池的任一极，图8中示例为负极，并不是限定)连接用于测量流经电池的电流积分，另一端与计算和处理单元702连接，向计算和处理单元702传输测量的流经电池的电流积分。计算和处理单元702根据电压测量单元701及电流积分测量单元703传递的参数，执行本申请方法实施例描述的确定电池内短路的方法。具体过程已经在上述方法实施例中进行了详细描述，此处不再进行赘述。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，电压测量单元701可以通过连接电池的两极测量电池的开路电压。在本申请实施例中或者附图中，为了连接简便，电压测量单元701可以通过连接电池的任一极，默认电池另一极接地，在附图中即是把电池负极当作接地省略画图，但并不是对电压测量单元701与电池连接关系的限定。
可选的，如图9所示，确定电池内短路的装置70中的电流积分测量单元703具体可以包括电流测量模块7031及积分模块7032。其中，电流测量模块 7031用于测量流经电池的电流；积分模块7032用于将电流测量模块测量的电流累积为电流积分。电流测量模块7031及积分模块7032支持电流积分测量单元703实现其功能。
进一步的，如图10所示，确定电池内短路的装置70还可以包括温度测量单元704，用于在电压测量单元701测量电池开路电压的每个时刻，测量电池的温度。示例性的，温度测量单元704可以支持确定电池内短路的装置70执行图4a或图6中的步骤S401a或S402a。
示例性的，电压测量单元701可以通过ADC实现测量；电流积分测量单元703可以通过电阻、ADC及积分电路实现，具体过程为：电阻串联于电池的正极或负极，电阻另一端连接负载，通过ADC测量电阻两端的电压计算出流经电池的电流，经过积分电路累计电流得到电量。计算和处理单元702可以是处理器或控制器。例如可以是CPU，通用处理器，DSP，ASIC，FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。温度测量单元704可以通过温度传感器实现，温度传感器可以包括温敏电阻或者热电偶，以及温敏电阻或者热电偶的辅助电路。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中描述的积分电路可以为库仑计或者累加器。
示例性的，当电压测量单元701为ADC，电流积分测量单元703为电阻、ADC及库仑计、温度测量单元704为温度传感器、计算和处理单元702为CPU时，示意了一种确定电池内短路的装置70与电池连接的架构如图11所示。
在采用集成的单元的情况下，图12示出了上述实施例中所涉及的确定电池内短路的装置的一种可能的结构示意图。确定电池内短路的装置120可以包括：处理模块1201、采集模块1202。处理模块1201用于对确定电池内短路的装置120的动作进行控制管理。例如，处理模块1201用于支持确定电池内短路的装置120执行图4或图4a或图6中的所有过程。在处理模块1201用于支持确定电池内短路的装置120执行图4或图4a或图6中的所有过程中，处理模块1201控制采集模块1202采集电池的参数。确定电池内短路的装置120还可以包括存储模块1203，用于存储确定电池内短路的装置120的程序代码和数据。
其中，处理模块1201可以为图2所示的确定电池内短路的装置20的实体结构中的处理器201，可以是处理器或控制器。例如可以是CPU，通用处理器，DSP，ASIC，FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器1201也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。采集模块1202可以为图2所示的确定电池内短路的装置20的实体结构中的采集器203。采集模块1203可以为温度传感器、ADC、积分电路中的至少一项。存储模块1203可以是图2所示的确定电池内短路的装置20的实体结构中的存储器202。
当处理模块1201为处理器，采集模块1202为采集器，存储模块1203为 存储器时，本申请实施例图12所涉及的确定电池内短路的装置120可以为图2所示的确定电池内短路的装置20。
如前述，本申请实施例提供的确定电池内短路的装置可以用于实施上述本申请各实施例实现的方法，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本申请实施例相关的部分，具体技术细节未揭示的，请参照本申请各实施例。
结合本申请公开内容所描述的方法或者算法的步骤可以硬件的方式来实现，也可以是由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于RAM、闪存、ROM、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable ROM，EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、只读光盘(CD-ROM)或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于核心网接口设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于核心网接口设备中。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本申请所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些功能存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的***，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中， 也可以是各个单元单独物理包括，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件功能单元的形式实现。
上述以软件功能单元的形式实现的集成的单元，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述软件功能单元存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种确定电池内短路的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    测量电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1，获取预设对应关系中所述OCV1对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV1，记录从所述电池所属的***开机至所述t1时刻流经所述电池的电流积分QCC1；其中，所述预设对应关系包括所述电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系；
    测量所述电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2，获取所述预设对应关系中所述OCV2对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV2，记录从所述电池所属的***开机至所述t2时刻流经所述电池的电流积量QCC2；
    根据所述QOCV1、所述QCC1、所述QOCV2、所述QCC2，计算所述电池在所述t1时刻到所述t2时刻之间，单位时间内所述电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为所述电池的内短路电流IISC；
    若所述IISC大于或等于预设门限，确定所述电池内短路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述QOCV1、所述QCC1、所述QOCV2、所述QCC2，计算所述电池在所述t1时刻到所述t2时刻之间，单位时间内所述电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为所述电池的内短路电流IISC，包括：
    计算所述
    Figure PCTCN2017088280-appb-100001
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，所述电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系；
    在所述获取预设对应关系中所述OCV1对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV1之前，所述方法还包括：获取所述电池在所述t1时刻的温度T1；
    所述获取预设对应关系中所述OCV1对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV1，包括：获取所述预设对应关系中，在所述温度T1下所述OCV1对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV1；
    在所述获取所述预设对应关系中所述OCV2对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV2之前，所述方法还包括：获取所述电池在所述t2时刻的温度T2；
    所述获取所述预设对应关系中所述OCV2对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV2，包括：获取所述预设对应关系中，在所述温度T2下所述OCV2对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV2。
  4. 根据权利1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述t2-t1大于或等于第一预设时间间隔。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述预设对应关系中包括的剩余电量为剩余电量百分比SOC，所述OCV1对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV1＝SOCOCV1*FCC，所述OCV2对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV2＝SOCOCV2*FCC；其中，所述FCC为所述电池的理论额定满电电量；或者，所述FCC为所述电池的当前额定满电电量。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述t1时刻或所述t2 时刻为所述电池处于平衡状态的时刻；所述平衡状态包括流经所述电池的单位时间内的电流小于或等于预设电流门限的时长，大于或等于第二预设时间间隔。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述获取预设对应关系中OCV1对应的电池的剩余电量QOCV1之前，所述方法还包括：
    在不同的测试温度下，分别将所述电池充满电稳定后，测试所述电池不同剩余电量对应的开路电压，构成预设对应关系。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述测量所述电池在t1时刻的开路电压OCV1，包括：待所述电池稳定后，测量所述电池在所述t1时刻的开路电压OCV1；
    所述测量所述电池在t2时刻的开路电压OCV2，包括：待所述电池稳定后，测量所述电池在所述t2时刻的开路电压OCV2。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：
    若所述电池处于充电状态，所述电池稳定，包括：所述电池的电压大于或等于线性门限值，在将所述电池停止充电、保持充电器向***供电并隔离电池后，等待第三预设时间间隔；
    若所述电池处于非充电状态，所述电池稳定，包括：静置第四预设时间间隔；
    若所述电池供电的***处于待机状态，所述电池稳定，包括：在所述***被唤醒后，当前时刻与所述***进入所述待机状态的时间差大于或等于第五预设时间间隔。
  10. 根据权利要求3-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，所述电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，在所述计算所述电池的内短路电流IISC之前，所述方法还包括：
    判断所述t2时刻与所述t1时刻，所述电池的温度差值是否小于或等于温度门限；
    所述计算所述电池的内短路电流IISC，包括：
    若所述t2时刻与所述t1时刻，所述电池的温度差值小于或等于所述温度门限，计算所述电池的内短路电流IISC。
  11. 一种确定电池内短路的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    电压测量单元，用于测量电池在不同时刻的开路电压；
    计算和处理单元，用于获取预设对应关系中所述电压测量单元测量的每个开路电压对应的所述电池的剩余电量；其中，所述预设对应关系包括所述电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系；
    电流积分测量单元，用于测量记录从所述电池所属的***开机至所述电压测量单元测量开路电压的每个时刻流经所述电池的电流积分；
    所述计算和处理单元还用于，根据QOCV1、QCC1、QOCV2、QCC2，计算所述电池在所述t1时刻到所述t2时刻之间，单位时间内所述电池内短路所产生的电量差，作为所述电池的内短路电流IISC；其中，所述QOCV1、所述QOCV2为所述电压 测量单元在t1时刻、t2时刻测量的所述电池的开路电压OCV1、OCV2在所述预设对应关系中对应的所述电池的剩余电量；所述QCC1、所述QCC2为所述电流积分测量单元测量记录的从所述电池所属的***开机至所述t1时刻、所述t2时刻流经所述电池的电流积分；
    所述计算和处理单元还用于，若所述IISC大于或等于预设门限，确定电池内短路。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述计算和处理单元具体用于：
    计算所述
    Figure PCTCN2017088280-appb-100002
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，所述电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系；
    所述装置还包括温度测量单元，用于在所述电压测量单元测量所述电池开路电压的每个时刻，测量所述电池的温度；
    所述QOCV1为在温度T1下，所述电压测量单元在所述t1时刻测量的所述电池的开路电压OCV1在所述预设对应关系中对应的所述电池的剩余电量，所述温度T1为所述温度测量单元在所述t1时刻测量的所述电池的温度；
    所述QOCV2为在温度T2下，所述电压测量单元在所述t2时刻测量的所述电池的开路电压OCV2在所述预设对应关系中对应的所述电池的剩余电量，所述温度T2为所述温度测量单元在所述t2时刻测量的所述电池的温度。
  14. 根据权利11-13任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述t2-t1大于或等于第一预设时间间隔。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，若所述预设对应关系中包括的剩余电量为剩余电量百分比SOC，所述OCV1对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV1＝SOCOCV1*FCC，所述OCV2对应的所述电池的剩余电量QOCV2＝SOCOCV2*FCC；其中，所述FCC为所述电池的理论额定满电电量；或者，所述FCC为所述电池的当前额定满电电量。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述t1时刻或所述t2时刻为所述电池处于平衡状态的时刻；所述平衡状态包括流经所述电池的单位时间内的电流小于或等于预设电流门限的时长，大于或等于第二预设时间间隔。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括建模单元，用于：
    在不同的测试温度下，分别将所述电池充满电稳定后，测试所述电池不同剩余电量对应的开路电压，构成预设对应关系。
  18. 根据权利要求11-17任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电压测量单元具体用于：
    待所述电池稳定后，测量所述电池在不同时刻的开路电压。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于：
    若所述电池处于充电状态，所述电池稳定，包括：所述电池的电压大于或等于线性门限值，在将所述电池停止充电、保持充电器向***供电并隔离电池后，等待第三预设时间间隔；
    若所述电池处于非充电状态，所述电池稳定，包括：静置第四预设时间间隔；
    若所述电池供电的***处于待机状态，所述电池稳定，包括：在所述***被唤醒后，当前时刻与所述***进入所述待机状态的时间差大于或等于第五预设时间间隔。
  20. 根据权利要求13-19任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，若所述预设对应关系包括在不同的电池温度下，所述电池的开路电压与剩余电量的对应关系，
    所述装置还包括判断单元，用于判断所述t2时刻与所述t1时刻，所述温度测量单元所述电池的温度差值是否小于或等于温度门限；
    所述计算和处理单元具体用于，若所述判断单元判断所述t2时刻与所述t1时刻，所述电池的温度差值小于或等于所述温度门限，计算所述电池的内短路电流IISC。
  21. 根据权利要求11-19任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电流积分测量单元包括电流测量模块及积分模块；
    所述电流测量模块用于测量流经所述电池的电流；
    所述积分模块用于将所述电流测量模块测量的所述电流累积积分。
  22. 一种确定电池内短路的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理器、存储器采集器；所述存储器用于存储计算机执行指令及预设对应关系；所述采集器用于采集所述确定电池内短路的装置连接的电池的参数；当所述确定电池内短路的装置运行时，处理器调用所述存储器存储的计算机执行指令、所述采集器采集的所述电池的参数，执行权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法，确定所述电池是否发生内短路。
  23. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法。
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