WO2018192498A1 - Process guidance system for industrial process control - Google Patents

Process guidance system for industrial process control Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018192498A1
WO2018192498A1 PCT/CN2018/083410 CN2018083410W WO2018192498A1 WO 2018192498 A1 WO2018192498 A1 WO 2018192498A1 CN 2018083410 W CN2018083410 W CN 2018083410W WO 2018192498 A1 WO2018192498 A1 WO 2018192498A1
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data
controller
control
module
user
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PCT/CN2018/083410
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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唐志
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唐志
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/41865—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/32—Operator till task planning
    • G05B2219/32252—Scheduling production, machining, job shop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of industrial control systems, and in particular to an industrial process control process guiding system.
  • the process control system is divided into two categories: CCS centralized control system, DCS distributed control system, whether it is CCS system or DCS system, people divide it into two fields from the industry technology, PLM, MES, SCADA are divided For the IT field, PLC controller hardware and PLC programming are divided into the AT field.
  • the SCADA Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System
  • the SCADA Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System
  • DCS multi-master-slave structure
  • this core mainly solves the resource information exchange between controllers and smart devices, not only its hardware and software reliability and communication performance. The requirements are high, the diversity of the bus form of the smart device and the closedness of its interface make it difficult to integrate into the actual control system.
  • the intelligent devices cannot directly exchange resource information. Even if the reference method is provided externally, complicated programming is required.
  • Controller 1 a driver is required to connect to the Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System (SCADA) to transfer the bell status to the Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System (SCADA);
  • SCADA Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System
  • SCADA data acquisition and monitoring control system
  • HMI human machine interface
  • FCS is to realize the automatic operation, management and automatic acquisition of the required system resources of the intelligent device.
  • the control system realizes the user's control task.
  • the opening control of the intelligent electric valve requires obtaining the data of some detecting instruments to adjust the valve to the required opening degree.
  • detection data are generally transmitted through the PC of DCS or the PLC of CCS, because electric The valve does not perceive the user process and can only passively accept data execution.
  • the FCS system requires the electric valve to automatically acquire data to complete its own control tasks.
  • FCS Fibre Channel System
  • the "Industrial Process Control Process Guidance System” is a system that implements the FCS architecture and is implemented. Not only that, but also the use of the system should be as simple as possible, the use of objects is positioned in the process engineer, the independence of the user's process and control, it seems to be a reasonable division of labor, because each part has its own unique and complex part.
  • the present invention proposes an industrial process control process guiding system, which integrates engineering configuration, PLC programming, user instrumentation, equipment, data communication, and completely transparently into an FCS system architecture.
  • the degree of weakening of the complexity of the control system makes it a secondary position in user engineering; strengthening the dominance of user processes, the completion of user engineering by the process guidance control system, not only requires the controller to understand the language of the control management software, It also requires the controller to organize the running programs and data according to the requirements of the management software.
  • the intelligent units automatically acquire the operational data, and operate independently of the system such as SCADA.
  • An industrial process control process guiding system comprising:
  • process guiding module performs action decomposition and attribute configuration on the controlled component, and generates a smart guiding data that can be recognized by the system by a simple graphical and drag operation of the user process control program;
  • the data acquisition and monitoring control system is implemented as an implementation carrier of the process guiding module, and the process guiding module performs process guiding setting and dragging operation in the data acquisition and monitoring control system, And used to monitor the operating state and parameter adjustment of the process control system engineering;
  • process analysis module configured to parse data generated by the process boot module, schedule operation of a controller core, and implement process control of a user process
  • An interface driving module wherein the interface driving module drives the peripheral interface device according to the analysis result of the process analysis module.
  • the data acquisition and monitoring control system includes a human-machine interface, and the human-machine interface is used for monitoring the operating state of the user process system and adjusting parameters.
  • the data generated by the process guiding module includes data, an address, and an attribute of the system resource, and the process analysis module automatically completes the parsing of the data set to implement flexible allocation and reference of the system resource.
  • the process analysis module can dynamically schedule the dynamic process recipe generated by the process guiding module according to the process change, the scheduling rule is described by a specific operator, and the element reference running of the dynamic process recipe record is run.
  • the process change data of the state provides the basis for the decision of the subsequent process.
  • the record element data change rule is described by a specific operator, and the operator performs logical operations on any process component in the system.
  • the user's process control program is replaced by data of the intelligent boot function, and flexible allocation and reference of system resources are realized, wherein the data is different from the control program, and the process guiding module is assigned to different heights. Coordinating multiple controllers.
  • the process analysis module copies the intelligent boot data in the main controller to the redundant controller through an Ethernet interface, thereby implementing bare metal redundancy.
  • the process analysis module automatically parses a causal relationship generated by the process guiding module through a fault dynamic processing mechanism, and the chart describes a fault processing process, and the user controls different processes of the system operation to obtain different faults.
  • the rules of the fault dynamic processing mechanism are described by a specific operator.
  • the motion frame forming motion control data table generated by the process guiding module is pre-downloaded into the controller, and for the same number of data items in the motion control data table, the controller relies on the controller at each moment.
  • a hardware interrupt executes the same data item with the same index number and is incremented to achieve isochronous synchronization of any axis.
  • the controller and all the smart devices operate autonomously and automatically acquire required system resources. After all the intelligent control units implement the control target, the user's control tasks are realized, and finally the FCS system architecture is implemented.
  • the invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention strengthens the dominance of the user process, and the user engineering is completed by the process guiding control system.
  • the invention can make the process mastering process easy to establish its own process control system even if the process engineer does not understand programming; can run independently for some small Tasks; can also be run in conjunction with any number of controllers for large tasks.
  • the data driving of the invention effectively solves the problem of resource waste, and provides a set of flexible tools for the end user to provide a "tool" for industrial field process control, rather than a specific industrial process control scheme, a fixed user. Programs that enable users to build their own control systems in a simple and fast manner.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology
  • Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 (b) are controller resource configuration diagrams
  • FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of an electric bell according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 3(c) are respectively a setting diagram of an electric bell start and stop according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a constant pressure PID adjustment diagram of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the device security management setting of the present invention.
  • the input point of the reference numeral 1 - button 1 the 2-pressure input point, the input point of the 3-switch 2, the 4-bell drive point, the input point of the 5-switch 1, the 6-inverter drive point, 7- Input point of button 2, 9-start configuration interface button, 10, 17-run mode selection button, 11, 18-"EN/hand auto” button, 12, 19-run button, 13, 20-"start
  • the invention surrounds the two most important parts of industrial process control: data acquisition and monitoring control system, hardware controller to explain its mechanism and implementation.
  • the process guiding module and the human-machine interface constitute a data acquisition and monitoring control configuration system
  • the combination of the process analysis module and the interface driving module constitutes a controller.
  • An industrial process control process guiding system of the present invention comprises:
  • the process guiding module performs action decomposition and attribute configuration on the controlled component, and generates a smart guiding data that can be recognized by the system by a simple graphic and drag operation of the user process control program;
  • the data acquisition and monitoring control system is implemented as an implementation carrier of the process guiding module, and the process guiding module performs process guiding setting and dragging operation in the data acquisition and monitoring control system, And used to monitor the operating state and parameter adjustment of the process control system engineering;
  • process analysis module configured to parse data generated by the process boot module, schedule operation of a controller core, and implement process control of a user process
  • An interface driving module wherein the interface driving module drives the peripheral interface device according to the analysis result of the process analysis module.
  • the process guiding module is expressed as a process idea, expressing the process requirements of the device through graphics, drag and drop, driving expressions, and the like. It describes the results to be achieved by the system equipment, not the process by which the system equipment is to achieve results.
  • the controller's fieldbus ModBus device is connected to a switch; the CANopen device is connected to a motor, and if it is finished, the switch motor is operated.
  • the traditional control mode even the control engineer is not a small task; in the guiding system of the present invention, when the switch is pressed, the motor runs, omitting the incomparably complicated process in the middle.
  • the data acquisition and monitoring control system includes a human-machine interface, and the human-machine interface is used for monitoring the operating state of the user's process system and adjusting the parameters.
  • the process guiding system of the present invention does not have much relationship with the controller after completing the process guiding, of course, It is used to monitor the system operation and complete the function of the man-machine interface. Otherwise, it can be shut down and exit.
  • the process analysis module is the realization of the process idea, which refers to the analysis of the data of the process relationship between various components and devices generated in the process guidance in the controller.
  • Data driving is the core idea of the present invention. These data are not data in the ordinary sense, but intelligent data reflecting the process relationship.
  • the controller knows how to understand the intent of a large amount of intelligent data generated in these process boots, and dispatches the system kernel program. Complete the control task.
  • the process analysis module can dynamically schedule the dynamic process recipe generated by the process boot module according to the process change.
  • the scheduling rule is described by a specific operator, and the elements of the dynamic process recipe record refer to the process change data of the running state.
  • the decision of the subsequent process provides the basis for the record element data change rule to be described by a specific operator that performs logical operations on any process component in the system.
  • the process guidance part is variable, and is completed by the process engineer in the data acquisition and monitoring control system; the process analysis part is unchanged, is the system core that does not need to be concerned, is completed in the controller, can be seen from this process Out: There is no real user control program in the controller, and no programming, compilation, debugging, etc. are required, and the controller is free of programming.
  • the process logic of the user equipment is realized, such as data communication between controllers, data communication between sensors and controllers, user equipment logic, device driving, process adjustment, fault handling, information processing, and automatic hand-free disturbance. Switching, simulation, and more.
  • the process control of the present invention takes time as the X-axis, and various component objects such as smart devices, switches, and motors are Y-axis, and the components are based on the time axis, and a series of "action" combinations are exhibited.
  • Simple actions can be integrated to allow a fixed program to implement it.
  • the action method of the component is fixed. It is only necessary to decompose the action that is not suitable for the method, so that it does not need to write the controller user program.
  • the decomposition of the action is automatically completed in the process guiding system of the present invention, and the present invention provides decomposition of the operations of the DIDO driver, the timer, the counter, and the arithmetic unit.
  • the essential difference between the use of these modules and the conventional modules is that each module can complete the logical reference of any input component in the system and the logical drive of any output component. Used to complete an action of an actual output component, rather than an intermediate process for programming. By hiding the cumbersome and complex intermediate process, it is possible for process engineers to complete their own control systems.
  • the present invention takes an example of driving a bell and a pressure PID adjustment, assuming that the network topology of the control system is as shown in FIG.
  • Controller 1 controller 2 and PC are connected via Industrial Ethernet. Controller 1 digital input port DI1 is connected to button 1. Analog input port AI1 is connected to the pressure gauge. MODBUS port of controller 1 is connected to MODBUS module, under MODBUS module. Connected to a bell and a switch 1, the digital input port DI1 of the controller 2 is connected to the switch 2, the CANopen port of the controller 2 is connected to the CANopen module, and a frequency converter and button 2 are connected under the CANopen module, wherein the inverter drives one Motor.
  • Fig. 3(b) and Fig. 3(c) are diagrams of the bell start and stop setting; double-click the bell pattern 8 in Fig. 3(a) to pop up the DIDO driver setting window 9 of the bell, and set the input and output points as follows.
  • Operation mode (10) select automatic
  • Delay Enter 0, the unit is ms, indicating that there is no delay after the condition is established, and the bell is activated immediately.
  • the bell stop setting is implemented according to the following operations:
  • Delay (22) Enter 3000, the unit is ms, indicating that the delay is 3000ms after the condition is established, and the bell is stopped.
  • Figure 4 is a constant pressure PID adjustment diagram; a new PID adjustment module, set the input and output points of constant pressure adjustment and related parameters as follows:
  • Adjustment value (26) Drag in the drive drive point (6) in Figure 2 (b).
  • the settings are passed down to the controller and the controller can be operated according to the process requirements.
  • the process guiding system of the present invention is a "floating" control system, and the controller's parser is not specific to the specific process control task, which is a major breakthrough in the control system mode, and the over-control consisting of the mode
  • the system has the same life cycle as the production system.
  • the user program of a traditional controller can be determined by the control engineer to run in the main loop, the timer interrupt, and the external interrupt. This is important for users to handle urgent tasks and the like.
  • the present invention is no exception, and it is possible to specify an operating environment that conforms to the specifications. This designation is simple, and only a simple selection is made in the mark 10 in Fig. 3(b) and the mark 17 in Fig. 3(c).
  • the invention is designed with a functional organization module in the process analysis module of the controller, which fixedly explains a variable length table called a functional organization, which groups the "intelligent data" of the user organization in different environments. Call different organizational tables to complete the determination of the operating environment. This table also determines the relative logical structure of the user's process.
  • the entry is automatically created as long as a simple choice, but the content is created when the process is built.
  • the above is only a determination of the internal "smart data" operating environment of the controller.
  • the invention has to perform global allocation of user tasks.
  • the process guiding system of the present invention automatically assigns control according to the strength of communication data between controllers and the load condition of the controller CPU. task. That is, "smart data" is distributed according to rules in different controllers, so the present invention does not require a large controller to implement a large control task of the user, and multiple controllers know how to interact with each other's data of interest.
  • TRUE trigger that is, (29) of FIG. 5
  • FALSE trigger that is, (30) of FIG. 5, in this example, it is required to reach the upper limit bit trigger, so check the TRUE trigger (29);
  • start the bell drag the bell drive point, ie (4) in Figure 2(a), add a record, as shown in Figure 32 (32), at the value position, ie Figure 5 ( 33), input 1, indicating the start, delay position, that is, input 0 in (34) of Figure 5, indicating immediate start;
  • the process guidance part generates a management table called device security according to the user's settings. Of course, depending on the location of the drive point, a bus communication management table may also be generated. And Ethernet management table.
  • the process analysis section of the controller knows how to use these tables. When a faulty configuration device causes a fault, the controller consults these tables for troubleshooting. This fault handling process is independent of the normal process of the system, but their outputs are prioritized, from high to low: HMI-> Fault Output -> Normal Process Output. Therefore, there will be no logical confusion.
  • the user simulation of the invention not only has the conventional simulation function, but also the process guidance module generates a desktop component data table, which cooperates with the input mapping data table and the output mapping data table to complete the simulation function of the system.
  • the process analysis module automatically analyzes the causal relationship generated by the process guidance module through the fault dynamic processing mechanism.
  • the chart describes the fault processing process, the user controls the different processes of the system operation, obtains different fault processing results, and the fault dynamic processing mechanism.
  • the rules are described by a specific operator.
  • the desktop component data table is a data set generated by the process guiding system of the present invention by an input box, a switch, a text box, etc., and when the controller finds that the system is in an emulation state, it replaces the data in the input mapping table with the desktop component data. Whether the controller site is wired or not, the field instrument data and desktop component data can be mixed for simulation.
  • the desktop component data table becomes the data communication bridge between the human-machine interface and the controller. The controller will correctly reference this data for system control.
  • the intelligent drive data structure generated by the data acquisition and monitoring control system includes:
  • System Control Database A control data set generated by a process guidance system. It contains all the data the controller needs to reach the user's process control. These data are distributed by function in various types of data and management tables. The data items in the table have the agreed data format, including: data, address, and data attributes, as shown in Table 1. These data items direct the controller system program to complete user control tasks.
  • the system configuration data table contains some system data, such as the model of the controller, the IP address of the controller in the system, various types of data, the boot address of the management table, and so on.
  • Desktop component data table The process guidance system creates an entry for each desktop component for communication and system simulation of the human interface controller. The collection of these entries constitutes a desktop component data table.
  • Functional organization data table The functional data modules that need the same operating environment are grouped together to form a data table.
  • the process guidance system determines where these data entries run, such as: main loop, external interrupt, and timed interrupt.
  • Module Function Data Table A collection of multiple instance data blocks for the controller system function module.
  • the process guidance system forms a data item for each call of the system function. These data items have intelligent guiding capabilities, which will guide the controller's parser to the specified place to obtain data and complete the functions specified by the user.
  • Input mapping data table Data mapping and attribute description information of input interfaces of controller hardware input interface DI, AI, fieldbus ModBus, CANopen, etc.
  • the attribute description information is derived from a GSD file of the hardware and hardware definition information of the SCADA module.
  • the GSD file shows what this interface can do, and SCADA explains what this interface does.
  • an input port of the controller can be used as a regular input port, and can also be used for interrupt input port, high-speed counting port, frequency measuring port, etc., which is described in the GSD file; when the user needs the specific function of the port, Description in the data acquisition and monitoring control system.
  • This information is written into the attribute item of the input mapping data table.
  • the controller's resolution system automatically completes the user-specified function and writes the data to the data item for use by the system.
  • Dynamic Recipe Data Sheet A powerful tool for completing flexible manufacturing, not just for formulating data, but importantly for dynamically flexible formulations of the user's process. Its data table structure is as shown in Table 2:
  • the record of the dynamic formula of the engineering library is downloaded into the controller as a whole to form a data table called the process dynamic control.
  • the table entry "current running record index" indicates which record needs to run the system at this moment, and the value can be changed according to the process running condition. This change is determined by the controller's parser according to the user's needs in the "current running record index”. , the corresponding record is loaded into the "run record” item for the object reference that needs to reference the value of this record element. This process completes the recording of recipes and schedules them according to the process.
  • the flexible control of a user process is simply not sufficient for recording according to the process. It can only delineate the structure of the user's process changes, and the changes in process details are not reflected. In traditional recipes, the recording elements are usually a constant and cannot be dynamically changed according to the details of the process, which makes the flexible user process not reflected in the recipe table.
  • the record element can be connected to the details of the user's process changes. It is no longer a constant, but a structure that can reference external data, consisting of data, addresses, and attributes.
  • the parser continuously reads the running state of the user's process equipment by recording the data structure of the element while scheduling the recipe record, and forms a new record element value.
  • the rules for recording element value changes can be made in the particular operator functions provided by the present invention.
  • the device security management table of the present invention is used to handle situations in which the device fails during operation. It consists of a fault trigger point table and a fault execution point table.
  • the fault trigger point table and the fault execution point table are in turn composed of a plurality of data items. These data items also contain data, addresses, and attribute descriptions.
  • the fault trigger point table is used to collect faults that occur during the operation of the equipment.
  • the controller's resolution system "registers” the trigger point information in the fault trigger point table to form a data item.
  • the controller "searches” the fault execution point table according to the data items of the trigger point, finds the data item of the fault execution point table, and completes the driving of the fault execution point according to the data and attribute definition of the data item of the fault execution point table.
  • the controller integrates ModBus and CANopen communication protocols. Of course, any other bus communication protocol can be integrated as needed. Since the data to be exchanged in the system is automatically and transparently completed, a bus communication management table is required to collect and manage the data to complete the indiscriminate reference. The controller's parser not only needs to complete the corresponding communication protocol, but also puts the data into the specified location according to the attribute description item of the bus communication management table, which is used for the location described in the data acquisition and monitoring control system configuration. This process allows the user to get the data on the bus without any programming.
  • Ethernet management table mainly used for mutual data interaction between controllers, HMIs, and standardized smart devices. Its management mechanism is similar to the bus communication management table, but its communication architecture is not a master-slave structure, all devices have equal communication rights, data exchange is concurrent, and one device can initiate data exchange with other devices in the system at the same time. . Therefore, it has high communication efficiency. This mechanism satisfies the communication requirements of the FCS system, automatic data exchange and automatic identification. At the same time, it is fully compatible with TCP/IP protocol, and any Ethernet switch and router can be used in this system.
  • Operation information management table A large amount of information is generated during system operation, such as: hand/automatic switching, failure of a device, failure of the controller, abnormal communication, and so on. Once this information is generated, it will be registered in the operation information management table. If the data acquisition and monitoring control system is running, the information will be automatically transferred to the data acquisition and monitoring control system. The data collection and monitoring control system classifies the information. , save and process. Belongs to the auxiliary part of the control system.
  • Motion Control Data Table The system architecture of the present invention is not limited to solving industrial process control tasks.
  • the data-driven model also provides an excellent solution for motion control, with an external interrupt, enabling isochronous synchronization of any axis.
  • the motion frame forming motion control data table generated by the process guiding module is pre-downloaded into the controller.
  • the controller relies on a hardware interrupt of the controller to execute the index number at each moment.
  • the same data item, and incremented, achieves isochronous synchronization of any axis.
  • the execution process of motion control is actually a decomposition process of the axis motion.
  • the decomposed action frames are related to each other, and the requirements for synchronization and real-time are extremely high.
  • the second is to make a centralized decomposition of the action frame, bus transmission.
  • the advantage is that the flexibility and the scalability are strong, and the disadvantage is that the real-time synchronization is poor.
  • the decomposed action frame is placed in a table of the following structure and downloaded to the controller in advance, as shown in Table 3 below.
  • the header is the necessary fixed information for the controller to perform an action.
  • This table of each controller must be operated with an external interrupt interface.
  • the external interrupt is a "wire-to-wire" relationship, that is, a valid external interrupt signal will appear only after all controllers have issued the current step sequence.
  • the effect of the interrupt is to synchronize the steps. That is, all controller tables are run in phase synchronization sequence, which is recorded by the "current position" of the header.
  • the controller receives an external interrupt signal and the interrupt handler increments the "current position" by one. This is repeated.
  • the motion control drive becomes extremely simple and straightforward, and any multi-axis isochronous synchronization can be achieved, which is impossible to achieve by any industrial "field bus". It not only synchronizes the motion of an industrial robot, but also synchronizes multiple industrial robots.
  • Power-down maintenance management table Users always want certain data to be maintained after power-off, and can continue to use after the next power-on. For example: PID setting value, we do not want to reset it after booting.
  • the present invention provides a "power down retention management table" to meet this requirement.
  • the power-down maintenance management table consists of multiple entries. Each data that needs to be powered down maintains an entry. For the user, simply specify whether the data needs to be powered down. The subsequent work is automatically performed by the controller. Analytical processing.
  • Hardware redundancy management table Redundancy is an important measure for the safe operation of user hardware systems.
  • the invention only has the system program of the controller, and the system programs of all the controllers are the same and are pre-positioned. Since the implementation of user process control has been converted to intelligent data by the process guidance system of the present invention, that is, user process control is implemented by intelligent data and the analysis system of the present invention.
  • the transmission of intelligent data between controllers is simple, and the resolution system of the present invention uses an Ethernet port for transmission. The content to be transferred is described in the "Hardware Redundancy Management Table".
  • the invention realizes "bare metal” redundancy, that is, the user realizes redundancy in addition to plugging in a redundant transmission line.
  • the process parsing module copies the intelligent boot data in the main controller to the redundant controller through the Ethernet interface, thereby realizing bare metal redundancy.
  • Output mapping data table Data mapping and attribute description information of the output interface of the controller hardware output interface DO, AO, fieldbus ModBus, CANopen, etc.
  • the attribute description information is derived from a GSD file of the hardware and hardware definition information of the data acquisition and monitoring control system.
  • the GSD file shows what this interface can do.
  • the data acquisition and monitoring control system shows what this interface does.
  • an output port of the controller can be used as a regular output port or a PWM output. This is described in the GSD file. When the user needs the specific function of this port, this is described in the data acquisition and monitoring control system.
  • This information is written into the attribute item of the output mapping data table. Later, the controller's parsing system automatically performs the function specified by the user, and writes the data into the data item for driving output by the parsing system of the present invention.
  • a picture of the electric bell is dragged from the device graphics library of the toolbox of the data acquisition and monitoring control system. This picture has no function, that is, a normal picture, and the user can select any picture that satisfies the demand.
  • the DIDO driver interface shown in Figure 3(b) pops up.
  • the process guiding system of the present invention establishes a "functional organization data table” and adds an entry: DIDO driver.
  • a "module function data table” is established, and an entry is added: DIDO-driven data.
  • (10) of Figure 3(b) shows the operating environment settings of the controller. There are three options: automatic, timed interrupt. External Interrupt. Auto is the default option and interrupts are not allowed to run delay-related functions.
  • this image is not a picture that satisfies the aesthetics of the data acquisition and monitoring control system in the ordinary sense, but a mapping of real devices.
  • the process guidance system creates an output for the output point in the "Output Mapping Data Table" for this output.
  • this point is dragged into an output point of the ModBus of controller 1, and controller 1 needs to communicate with the ModBus device, so the process boot system establishes a "bus communication management table" in controller 1, and This ModBus output point item is added to the table, and the resolution system will automatically reference the point data to drive this point using the ModBus protocol.
  • the operating conditions of the two DIDOs are dragged, one switch from the controller 2 and one button of the CANopen device connected to the controller 2.
  • the process guiding system first establishes a switch connected to the controller 2 and a CANopen device button input connected through the controller 2 in the "input mapping data table" in the controller 2, and marks the data and attributes of the two input interfaces. Since it is assumed that the DIDO driver is running in the controller 1, and the communication between the controllers is via Ethernet, the process guidance system establishes the outputs of the two components in the "Ethernet Management Table" of the controller 2; The "Ethernet Management Table" of controller 1 establishes the entries for these two components.
  • the process guidance system Since the DIDO driver references a button of the CANopen device connected to the controller 2, the process guidance system also creates an entry for the CANopen protocol in the "bus communication management table" of the controller 2 for reading the value of this button.
  • the switch and the button are in phase relationship. This relationship is automatically implemented by the process guidance system in the background through the data module of a specific computing unit.
  • a specific operator is a "virtual machine" that the controller can run; in the view of the process guidance system, the operator is the logical data that can be recognized.
  • the process guidance system creates this data item in the "Module Function Data Sheet".
  • the stop of the bell is similar to the above, except that the "delay" value is written to 3000ms, and the condition is stopped after 3 seconds, and will not be described again.
  • PID adjustment is one of the process modules provided by the system.
  • the PID picture shown in Figure 4 is dragged from the process module of the SCADA module toolbox, it is different from the drag-out device picture.
  • This picture has been
  • the PID process data set is automatically linked and the process guidance system creates the data item in the "Module Function Data Sheet".
  • it is not known what kind of process equipment is adjusted.
  • a regulation point is dragged in (26) of Fig. 4
  • the process guidance system knows who to adjust, and the drag-in is connected to the controller 2.
  • An output point of CANopen so the process guidance system establishes an output of CANopen protocol in the "bus communication management table" of controller 2.
  • the use of a system process module is very simple.
  • the SCADA module can directly observe the operation of the internal parameters of the module. If authorized, these parameters can be changed.
  • the system establishes a device security management table, and its setting interface is shown in Figure 5. Since this example triggers a device to safely process a transaction when the PID adjustment value reaches the upper limit, the "trigger" entry for this table is dragged into the upper limit output point of the PID: constant voltage PID adjustment. It is stated that when the PID adjustment reaches the upper limit output value, it needs to be handled safely.
  • the process guidance system determines whether an Ethernet management table is established based on the controller that the PID is running.
  • the system is realized by data driving. These data are not data in the ordinary sense, but intelligent data with guiding ability. It schedules the operation of the controller system kernel, completes transparent reference of the bus device, and high speed. Concurrent data exchange, controller and all intelligent devices run autonomously and automatically acquire the required system resources. After all intelligent control units realize the control objectives, the user's control tasks are realized, and finally the FCS system architecture is realized.
  • the present invention utilizes the flexibility of data to "combat" the diversity of user processes, rather than using one-to-one programming methods to adapt to the diversity of user processes, and is an invention that subverts existing industrial process control models, making the user's process
  • the control system has become simple, versatile, direct, transparent and flexible, realizing the high integration of AT control technology and IT information technology.

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Abstract

Disclosed is a process guidance system for industrial process control, comprising a process guidance module for carrying out action decomposition and attribute configuration for a controlled element, and carrying out a simple patterning and dragging operation for a process of a user to generate intelligent guidance data capable of being recognized by the system; a data acquisition and monitoring control system for monitoring a running state and parameter adjustment of a process control system project; a process parsing module, wherein a controller parses the data generated by the process guidance module, implementing process control on the process of the user; and an interface drive module for driving a peripheral interface device according to a parsing result of the process parsing module. With the process guidance system, the specific detail and network topology structure of a controlled element do not need to be of concern; and by means of a data drive concept, a user process control program is completely replaced by intelligent data, realizing non-programming of a controller user process program, and allowing process control of a user process to be simple, transparent, direct and flexible.

Description

一种工业过程控制工艺引导***Industrial process control process guiding system 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及工业控制***领域，特别涉及一种工业过程控制工艺引导***。The invention relates to the field of industrial control systems, and in particular to an industrial process control process guiding system.
背景技术Background technique
目前，过程控制***分为两类：CCS集中控制***、DCS分布式控制***，不论是CCS***还是DCS***，人们从行业技术上就将其分为两个领域，PLM、MES、SCADA被划分为IT领域，而PLC控制器硬件、PLC编程被划分为AT领域。SCADA(数据采集与监视控制***)和控制器之间通过工业实时数据库进行连接。虽然这两部分发展都很快，然而，其独立性亦使过程控制变得繁琐、复杂，需要一对一编程。其次，多为主从结构，比如DCS就是一个典型的以PC为核心的主从结构，这个核心主要解决控制器、智能设备之间的资源信息交换，不但对其软硬件可靠性及通讯的性能要求较高，智能设备的总线形式多样性及其接口的封闭性，使其融入实际控制***能力差，智能设备间不能直接交换资源信息，即使对外提供了引用方法，也需要复杂的编程处理。At present, the process control system is divided into two categories: CCS centralized control system, DCS distributed control system, whether it is CCS system or DCS system, people divide it into two fields from the industry technology, PLM, MES, SCADA are divided For the IT field, PLC controller hardware and PLC programming are divided into the AT field. The SCADA (Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System) and the controller are connected via an industrial real-time database. Although these two parts are developing very fast, their independence also makes process control cumbersome and complicated, requiring one-to-one programming. Secondly, multi-master-slave structure, such as DCS is a typical PC-based master-slave structure, this core mainly solves the resource information exchange between controllers and smart devices, not only its hardware and software reliability and communication performance. The requirements are high, the diversity of the bus form of the smart device and the closedness of its interface make it difficult to integrate into the actual control system. The intelligent devices cannot directly exchange resource information. Even if the reference method is provided externally, complicated programming is required.
例如，用户要完成一个需求，按下“按钮2”电铃“启动”，并在数据采集与监视控制***(SCADA)中监视这一过程，见图1。For example, to complete a demand, press the “Button 2” bell “Start” and monitor the process in the Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System (SCADA), as shown in Figure 1.
对于一个目前的PLC***，其实现过程如下：For a current PLC system, the implementation process is as follows:
1：在“控制器2”中设计一个CANopen总线通讯程序，用于与CANopen模块通讯，读取“按钮2”状态；1: Design a CANopen bus communication program in "Controller 2" for communication with the CANopen module and read the "Button 2" status;
2：在“控制器2”中设计一个以太网通讯程序，将“按钮2”的状态传送到“控制器1”中，为启动电铃准备数据；2: Design an Ethernet communication program in "Controller 2", transfer the status of "Button 2" to "Controller 1", and prepare data for starting the bell;
3：在“控制器1”中设计一个以太网通讯程序，用于接收“控制器2”发来的“按钮2”状态；3: Design an Ethernet communication program in "Controller 1" to receive the "Button 2" status sent by "Controller 2";
4：在“控制器1”中设计一个控制电铃“启动”的程序，用于根据“按钮2”的状态启动电铃；4: Design a program to control the bell "start" in "controller 1" to start the bell according to the state of "button 2";
5：在“控制器1”中设计一个Modbus通讯程序，用于将控制电铃程序的结果传送到“MODBUE模块”从而驱动电铃；5: Design a Modbus communication program in "Controller 1" for transmitting the result of controlling the bell program to the "MODBUE module" to drive the bell;
6：在“控制器1”中，需一驱动程序，用于与数据采集与监视控制***(SCADA)进行连接，将电铃状态传送到数据采集与监视控制***(SCADA)中；6: In "Controller 1", a driver is required to connect to the Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System (SCADA) to transfer the bell status to the Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System (SCADA);
7：在“控制器2”中，需一驱动程序，用于与数据采集与监视控制***(SCADA)进行连接，将“按钮2”状态传送到数据采集与监视控制***(SCADA)中；7: In "Controller 2", a driver is required to connect to the Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System (SCADA) to transfer the "Button 2" status to the Data Acquisition and Monitoring Control System (SCADA);
8：在数据采集与监视控制***(SCADA)中，需一驱动程序，通过实时数据库与“控制器1”及“控制器2”进行连接，用于数据的收集及人机接口(HMI)；8: In the data acquisition and monitoring control system (SCADA), a driver is required to connect to "controller 1" and "controller 2" through a real-time database for data collection and human machine interface (HMI);
这一用户需求是简单的，然而，为了要实现这一简单需求，这可能需要一个资深控制工程师才能完成。This user requirement is simple, however, in order to achieve this simple requirement, this may require a senior control engineer to complete.
对于本发明，只需要如下一段简单的工艺引导的描述：For the present invention, only a brief description of the process guidance is required:
如果“控制器2”.“按钮2”＝“按下”则“控制器1”.“电铃”＝“启动”If "Controller 2". "Button 2" = "Press" then "Controller 1". "Electric Bell" = "Start"
就完成了这一用户需求。其他的事情与用户的工艺需求无关。This user requirement is completed. Other things have nothing to do with the user's process needs.
因此，在传统控制***架构下，不论这些编程软件如何智能化，由于控制领域本身的复杂性，它们的使用对象都是控制工程师、程序设计工程师，离FCS的实现更是相去甚远。FCS是实现智能设备自主运行、管理及所需***资源的自动获取，在所有智能控制单元实现控制目标后，控制***就实现了用户的控制任务。例如：智能电动阀的开度控制，需要获取某些检测仪表的数据将阀调节到需要的开度，这些检测数据一般是通过DCS的PC或者CCS的PLC中转后传入的，这是因为电动阀并 不能感知用户工艺只能被动接受数据执行。然而，FCS***却要求电动阀自动获取数据完成自身的控制任务。显然FCS的实现具有很高的复杂性及挑战性。“工业过程控制工艺引导***”正是实现FCS架构的一套***，并且得以实现。不但如此，还要求***的使用要尽可能简单，使用对象被定位在工艺工程师，用户工艺与控制的独立性，看上去是工业化的合理分工，因为每一部分都有其独特复杂的部分。Therefore, under the traditional control system architecture, no matter how intelligent these programming softwares are, due to the complexity of the control domain itself, they are used by control engineers and programming engineers, which is far from the implementation of FCS. FCS is to realize the automatic operation, management and automatic acquisition of the required system resources of the intelligent device. After all the intelligent control units realize the control target, the control system realizes the user's control task. For example, the opening control of the intelligent electric valve requires obtaining the data of some detecting instruments to adjust the valve to the required opening degree. These detection data are generally transmitted through the PC of DCS or the PLC of CCS, because electric The valve does not perceive the user process and can only passively accept data execution. However, the FCS system requires the electric valve to automatically acquire data to complete its own control tasks. Obviously, the implementation of FCS is highly complex and challenging. The "Industrial Process Control Process Guidance System" is a system that implements the FCS architecture and is implemented. Not only that, but also the use of the system should be as simple as possible, the use of objects is positioned in the process engineer, the independence of the user's process and control, it seems to be a reasonable division of labor, because each part has its own unique and complex part.
随着工业4.0的提出，对制造业的“柔性化”控制要求也越来越高，虽然人们经过不懈的努力，即使用成本、复杂性去换取性能，仍然无法完全满足这一需求。比如：西门子的TIA，将PLC的编程与工程组态整合到了一起，并且数据可以穿插引用，减少了编程出错几率，简化了***操作。然而，它并不能将工程组态、PLC编程、用户仪器仪表、设备、数据通讯完全透明融合为一体。一个最重要的瓶颈是控制器无法直接听懂控制管理软件的语言，造成了不得不差异化的编程去解释这些语言，柔性化自然变得异常困难。With the introduction of Industry 4.0, the "flexibility" control requirements for the manufacturing industry are also getting higher and higher. Although people have made unremitting efforts, that is, the cost and complexity are used in exchange for performance, this demand cannot be fully satisfied. For example: Siemens TIA, PLC programming and engineering integration, and data can be interspersed, reducing the probability of programming errors and simplifying system operation. However, it does not integrate engineering, PLC programming, user instrumentation, equipment, and data communication into one. One of the most important bottlenecks is that the controller cannot directly understand the language of the control management software, causing programming that has to be differentiated to explain these languages. Flexibility naturally becomes extremely difficult.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对上述技术问题，本发明提出了一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，将工程组态、PLC编程、用户仪器仪表、设备、数据通讯，完全透明融合为一体的FCS***架构，其目的是极大程度的弱化控制***的复杂性，使其在用户工程中处于次要地位；强化用户工艺的主导性，用户工程由工艺引导控制***的完成，不但要求控制器能听懂控制管理软件的语言，还要求控制器能根据管理软件的要求自行组织运行的程序及数据。并且根据FCS***架构的要求，智能单元自动各自获取运行数据，与SCADA等***无关，独立运行。In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an industrial process control process guiding system, which integrates engineering configuration, PLC programming, user instrumentation, equipment, data communication, and completely transparently into an FCS system architecture. The degree of weakening of the complexity of the control system makes it a secondary position in user engineering; strengthening the dominance of user processes, the completion of user engineering by the process guidance control system, not only requires the controller to understand the language of the control management software, It also requires the controller to organize the running programs and data according to the requirements of the management software. And according to the requirements of the FCS system architecture, the intelligent units automatically acquire the operational data, and operate independently of the system such as SCADA.
为实现上述目的，本发明是根据以下技术方案实现的：To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved in accordance with the following technical solutions:
一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，包括：An industrial process control process guiding system, comprising:
工艺引导模块，所述工艺引导模块对被控元件进行动作分解、属性 配置，将用户的工艺控制程序通过简单的图形化和拖拽操作生成***能识别的智能引导数据；a process guiding module, wherein the process guiding module performs action decomposition and attribute configuration on the controlled component, and generates a smart guiding data that can be recognized by the system by a simple graphical and drag operation of the user process control program;
数据采集与监视控制***，所述数据采集与监视控制***作为所述工艺引导模块的实施载体，所述工艺引导模块进行工艺引导的设置、拖拽作业在所述数据采集与监视控制***完成，并用于监控过程控制***工程的运行状态及参数调整；a data acquisition and monitoring control system, the data acquisition and monitoring control system is implemented as an implementation carrier of the process guiding module, and the process guiding module performs process guiding setting and dragging operation in the data acquisition and monitoring control system, And used to monitor the operating state and parameter adjustment of the process control system engineering;
工艺解析模块，所述工艺解析模块用于控制器对所述工艺引导模块生成的数据进行解析，调度控制器内核的运行并实现用户工艺的过程控制；a process analysis module, wherein the process analysis module is configured to parse data generated by the process boot module, schedule operation of a controller core, and implement process control of a user process;
接口驱动模块，所述接口驱动模块根据所述工艺解析模块的解析结果实现对***接口设备的驱动。An interface driving module, wherein the interface driving module drives the peripheral interface device according to the analysis result of the process analysis module.
上述技术方案中，所述数据采集与监视控制***包含人机接口，所述人机接口用于用户工艺***运行状态的监控及参数的调整。In the above technical solution, the data acquisition and monitoring control system includes a human-machine interface, and the human-machine interface is used for monitoring the operating state of the user process system and adjusting parameters.
上述技术方案中，所述工艺引导模块生成的数据包含***资源的数据、地址、属性，所述工艺解析模块自动完成数据集的解析，实现***资源的柔性分配及引用。In the above technical solution, the data generated by the process guiding module includes data, an address, and an attribute of the system resource, and the process analysis module automatically completes the parsing of the data set to implement flexible allocation and reference of the system resource.
上述技术方案中，所述工艺解析模块通过对工艺引导模块生成的动态工艺配方的记录能够根据工艺的变化进行动态调度，调度规则通过特定的运算器进行描述，同时动态工艺配方记录的元素引用运行状态的工艺变化数据，为后续工艺的决策提供依据，记录元素数据变化规则由特定的运算器进行描述，该运算器对***内任意工艺元件进行逻辑运算。In the above technical solution, the process analysis module can dynamically schedule the dynamic process recipe generated by the process guiding module according to the process change, the scheduling rule is described by a specific operator, and the element reference running of the dynamic process recipe record is run. The process change data of the state provides the basis for the decision of the subsequent process. The record element data change rule is described by a specific operator, and the operator performs logical operations on any process component in the system.
上述技术方案中，所述用户的工艺控制程序通过智能引导功能的数据代替，实现了***资源的柔性分配及引用，其中这些数据不同于控制程序，被所述工艺引导模块分配到不同的具有高度协调性的多个控制器中。In the above technical solution, the user's process control program is replaced by data of the intelligent boot function, and flexible allocation and reference of system resources are realized, wherein the data is different from the control program, and the process guiding module is assigned to different heights. Coordinating multiple controllers.
上述技术方案中，所述工艺解析模块通过以太网接口将主控制器中的智能引导数据复制到冗余控制器中，从而实现了裸机冗余。In the above technical solution, the process analysis module copies the intelligent boot data in the main controller to the redundant controller through an Ethernet interface, thereby implementing bare metal redundancy.
上述技术方案中，所述工艺解析模块通过故障动态处理机制自动解 析由工艺引导模块生成的具有因果关系的图表，该图表描述了故障的处理过程，用户控制***运行的不同进程，得到不同的故障处理结果，所述故障动态处理机制的规则通过特定的运算器进行描述。In the above technical solution, the process analysis module automatically parses a causal relationship generated by the process guiding module through a fault dynamic processing mechanism, and the chart describes a fault processing process, and the user controls different processes of the system operation to obtain different faults. As a result of the processing, the rules of the fault dynamic processing mechanism are described by a specific operator.
上述技术方案中，将所述工艺引导模块生成的运动轴的动作帧形成运动控制数据表预先下载到控制器中，对于运动控制数据表中相同数量的数据项，控制器每一时刻依靠控制器的一个硬件中断执行索引号相同的数据项，并且递增，实现了任意轴的等时同步。In the above technical solution, the motion frame forming motion control data table generated by the process guiding module is pre-downloaded into the controller, and for the same number of data items in the motion control data table, the controller relies on the controller at each moment. A hardware interrupt executes the same data item with the same index number and is incremented to achieve isochronous synchronization of any axis.
上述技术方案中，所述控制器以及所有智能设备自主运行并且自动获取所需***资源，所有智能控制单元实现控制目标之后，实现了用户的控制任务，最终实现FCS***架构。In the above technical solution, the controller and all the smart devices operate autonomously and automatically acquire required system resources. After all the intelligent control units implement the control target, the user's control tasks are realized, and finally the FCS system architecture is implemented.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
本发明强化用户工艺的主导性，用户工程由工艺引导控制***的完成，本发明能够让精通工艺即使不懂编程的工艺工程师，能够轻松建立自己的过程控制***；可以独立运行，用于一些小型任务；也可以任意数量控制器联合运行，用于大型任务。本发明的数据驱动有效的解决了资源浪费问题，为一种柔性化***，为最终用户提供了一套解决工业现场过程控制的“工具”，而不是特定工业过程控制的一个方案戓固定的用户程序，使用户能够简约、快速的建立自己的控制***。The invention strengthens the dominance of the user process, and the user engineering is completed by the process guiding control system. The invention can make the process mastering process easy to establish its own process control system even if the process engineer does not understand programming; can run independently for some small Tasks; can also be run in conjunction with any number of controllers for large tasks. The data driving of the invention effectively solves the problem of resource waste, and provides a set of flexible tools for the end user to provide a "tool" for industrial field process control, rather than a specific industrial process control scheme, a fixed user. Programs that enable users to build their own control systems in a simple and fast manner.
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive effort.
图1为拓扑结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology;
图2(a)和图2(b)为控制器资源配置图；Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 (b) are controller resource configuration diagrams;
图3(a)为本发明的电铃示意图，图3(b)和图3(c)分别为本发明的电铃启停设置图；3(a) is a schematic diagram of an electric bell according to the present invention, and FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 3(c) are respectively a setting diagram of an electric bell start and stop according to the present invention;
图4为本发明的恒压PID调节图；Figure 4 is a constant pressure PID adjustment diagram of the present invention;
图5为本发明的设备安全管理设置图。Figure 5 is a diagram showing the device security management setting of the present invention.
其中，附图标记1-按钮1的输入点，2-压力输入点，3-开关2的输入点，4-电铃驱动点，5-开关1的输入点，6-变频器驱动点，7-按钮2的输入点，9-启动组态界面按钮，10、17-运行方式选择键，11、18-“EN/手自动”键，12、19-运行键，13、20-“启|停”键，14、21-驱动键，15、22-延时键，16-驱动设置窗口，23-使能输入，24-设定值，25-测量值，26-调节值，27-上限位点设置，28-记录设置，29-TRUE触发，30-FALSE触发，31-清除方式选择键，32-增加记录，33-选择值，34-延时设置，35-增加记录，36-输入值位置，37-延时设置。Wherein, the input point of the reference numeral 1 - button 1, the 2-pressure input point, the input point of the 3-switch 2, the 4-bell drive point, the input point of the 5-switch 1, the 6-inverter drive point, 7- Input point of button 2, 9-start configuration interface button, 10, 17-run mode selection button, 11, 18-"EN/hand auto" button, 12, 19-run button, 13, 20-"start|stop ” key, 14, 21-drive button, 15, 22-delay button, 16-drive setting window, 23-enable input, 24-set value, 25-measured value, 26-adjusted value, 27-high limit Point setting, 28-record setting, 29-TRUE trigger, 30-FALSE trigger, 31-clear mode select button, 32-add record, 33-select value, 34-delay setting, 35-add record, 36-input value Position, 37-delay setting.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is a partial embodiment of the invention, and not all of the embodiments.
本发明围绕工业过程控制中最重要的两部分：数据采集与监视控制***、硬件控制器进行说明其机理及实施方式。为了实现上述目标，将工艺引导模块与人机接口构成数据采集与监视控制组态***，工艺解析模块与接口驱动模块的结合构成了控制器。The invention surrounds the two most important parts of industrial process control: data acquisition and monitoring control system, hardware controller to explain its mechanism and implementation. In order to achieve the above objectives, the process guiding module and the human-machine interface constitute a data acquisition and monitoring control configuration system, and the combination of the process analysis module and the interface driving module constitutes a controller.
本发明的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，包括：An industrial process control process guiding system of the present invention comprises:
工艺引导模块，所述工艺引导模块对被控元件进行动作分解、属性配置，将用户的工艺控制程序通过简单的图形化和拖拽操作生成***能识别的智能引导数据；a process guiding module, the process guiding module performs action decomposition and attribute configuration on the controlled component, and generates a smart guiding data that can be recognized by the system by a simple graphic and drag operation of the user process control program;
数据采集与监视控制***，所述数据采集与监视控制***作为所述 工艺引导模块的实施载体，所述工艺引导模块进行工艺引导的设置、拖拽作业在所述数据采集与监视控制***完成，并用于监控过程控制***工程的运行状态及参数调整；a data acquisition and monitoring control system, the data acquisition and monitoring control system is implemented as an implementation carrier of the process guiding module, and the process guiding module performs process guiding setting and dragging operation in the data acquisition and monitoring control system, And used to monitor the operating state and parameter adjustment of the process control system engineering;
工艺解析模块，所述工艺解析模块用于控制器对所述工艺引导模块生成的数据进行解析，调度控制器内核的运行并实现用户工艺的过程控制；a process analysis module, wherein the process analysis module is configured to parse data generated by the process boot module, schedule operation of a controller core, and implement process control of a user process;
接口驱动模块，所述接口驱动模块根据所述工艺解析模块的解析结果实现对***接口设备的驱动。An interface driving module, wherein the interface driving module drives the peripheral interface device according to the analysis result of the process analysis module.
其中，工艺引导模块作为工艺思想的表达，通过图形、拖拽、驱动表达式等，表达对设备的工艺需求。它是对***设备要达到的结果进行描述，而不是对***设备要达到结果的过程进行描述。例如：控制器的现场总线ModBus设备上接有一开关；CANopen设备上接有一电机，如果要完成按下开关电机就运行。对于传统控制模式，即使是控制工程师也是一个不小的任务；而在本发明的引导***中，按下这个开关，则电机运行，省略了中间那无比复杂的过程。Among them, the process guiding module is expressed as a process idea, expressing the process requirements of the device through graphics, drag and drop, driving expressions, and the like. It describes the results to be achieved by the system equipment, not the process by which the system equipment is to achieve results. For example, the controller's fieldbus ModBus device is connected to a switch; the CANopen device is connected to a motor, and if it is finished, the switch motor is operated. For the traditional control mode, even the control engineer is not a small task; in the guiding system of the present invention, when the switch is pressed, the motor runs, omitting the incomparably complicated process in the middle.
数据采集与监视控制***包含人机接口，人机接口用于用户工艺***运行状态的监控及参数的调整，本发明的工艺引导***在完成工艺引导后，与控制器没有太大关系，当然可以用于监视***运行，完成人机接口的功能，否则可以关机退出运行。The data acquisition and monitoring control system includes a human-machine interface, and the human-machine interface is used for monitoring the operating state of the user's process system and adjusting the parameters. The process guiding system of the present invention does not have much relationship with the controller after completing the process guiding, of course, It is used to monitor the system operation and complete the function of the man-machine interface. Otherwise, it can be shut down and exit.
工艺解析模块是工艺思想的实现，是指在控制器中对工艺引导中产生的各类元件、设备之间工艺关系的数据进行解析。数据驱动是本发明的核心思想，这些数据不是普通意义上的数据，而是反映工艺关系的智能数据，控制器知道怎样去理解这些工艺引导中产生的大量智能数据的意图，调度***内核程序，完成控制任务。The process analysis module is the realization of the process idea, which refers to the analysis of the data of the process relationship between various components and devices generated in the process guidance in the controller. Data driving is the core idea of the present invention. These data are not data in the ordinary sense, but intelligent data reflecting the process relationship. The controller knows how to understand the intent of a large amount of intelligent data generated in these process boots, and dispatches the system kernel program. Complete the control task.
工艺解析模块通过对工艺引导模块生成的动态工艺配方的记录能够根据工艺的变化进行动态调度，调度规则通过特定的运算器进行描述，同时动态工艺配方记录的元素引用运行状态的工艺变化数据，为后续工艺的决策提供依据，记录元素数据变化规则由特定的运算器进行描述， 该运算器对***内任意工艺元件进行逻辑运算。The process analysis module can dynamically schedule the dynamic process recipe generated by the process boot module according to the process change. The scheduling rule is described by a specific operator, and the elements of the dynamic process recipe record refer to the process change data of the running state. The decision of the subsequent process provides the basis for the record element data change rule to be described by a specific operator that performs logical operations on any process component in the system.
工艺引导部分是可变的，由工艺工程师主导在数据采集与监视控制***中完成；工艺解析部分是不变的，是不需要关心的***内核，在控制器中完成，从这一过程可以看出：控制器内并没有真正意义上的用户控制程序，并不需要编程、编译、调试等工作，实现了控制器的免编程。The process guidance part is variable, and is completed by the process engineer in the data acquisition and monitoring control system; the process analysis part is unchanged, is the system core that does not need to be concerned, is completed in the controller, can be seen from this process Out: There is no real user control program in the controller, and no programming, compilation, debugging, etc. are required, and the controller is free of programming.
为了实现工艺引导，首先必须确定了控制程序的运行环境，如定时中断、外部中断、循环等。其次，实现了用户设备的工艺逻辑，如控制器之间的数据通讯、传感器与控制器之间的数据通讯、用户设备逻辑、设备的驱动、工艺调节、故障处理、信息处理、手自动无扰动切换、仿真等等。In order to achieve process guidance, it is first necessary to determine the operating environment of the control program, such as timing interrupts, external interrupts, loops, and so on. Secondly, the process logic of the user equipment is realized, such as data communication between controllers, data communication between sensors and controllers, user equipment logic, device driving, process adjustment, fault handling, information processing, and automatic hand-free disturbance. Switching, simulation, and more.
本发明的过程控制，以时间为X轴，各类智能设备、开关、电机等元件对象为Y轴，元件以时间轴为基础，表现出的一系列“动作”组合。可以整合简单动作，让固定的程序去实现它。元件的动作方法是固定的，只需将不适合方法的动作进行分解，让其适应方法不需编写控制器用户程序。The process control of the present invention takes time as the X-axis, and various component objects such as smart devices, switches, and motors are Y-axis, and the components are based on the time axis, and a series of "action" combinations are exhibited. Simple actions can be integrated to allow a fixed program to implement it. The action method of the component is fixed. It is only necessary to decompose the action that is not suitable for the method, so that it does not need to write the controller user program.
动作的分解在本发明的工艺引导***自动完成的，本发明提供了DIDO驱动、定时器、计数器、运算器几个模块完成动作的分解。这些模块的使用方法与常规模块的本质区别在于每一个模块都可以完成***内任意输入元件的逻辑引用及任意输出元件的逻辑驱动。用于完成一个实际输出元件的动作，而不是编程用的中间过程。由于隐藏了繁琐复杂中间过程，让工艺工程师亦能完成自己的控制***成为可能。本发明以驱动一个电铃及一个压力PID调节情形为例，假设控制***的网络拓扑结构如图1所示。The decomposition of the action is automatically completed in the process guiding system of the present invention, and the present invention provides decomposition of the operations of the DIDO driver, the timer, the counter, and the arithmetic unit. The essential difference between the use of these modules and the conventional modules is that each module can complete the logical reference of any input component in the system and the logical drive of any output component. Used to complete an action of an actual output component, rather than an intermediate process for programming. By hiding the cumbersome and complex intermediate process, it is possible for process engineers to complete their own control systems. The present invention takes an example of driving a bell and a pressure PID adjustment, assuming that the network topology of the control system is as shown in FIG.
控制器1、控制器2与PC机通过工业以太网连接，控制器1数字量输入端口DI1连接按钮1、模拟量输入端口AI1连接压力表，控制器1的MODBUS端口连接MODBUS模块，MODBUS模块下连接了一个电铃和一个开关1，控制器2的数字量输入端口DI1连接开关2，控制器2的 CANopen端口连接CANopen模块，CANopen模块下连接了一个变频器和按钮2，其中变频器驱动一台电机。 Controller 1, controller 2 and PC are connected via Industrial Ethernet. Controller 1 digital input port DI1 is connected to button 1. Analog input port AI1 is connected to the pressure gauge. MODBUS port of controller 1 is connected to MODBUS module, under MODBUS module. Connected to a bell and a switch 1, the digital input port DI1 of the controller 2 is connected to the switch 2, the CANopen port of the controller 2 is connected to the CANopen module, and a frequency converter and button 2 are connected under the CANopen module, wherein the inverter drives one Motor.
驱动要求：用开关2和按钮2控制电铃的启动和停止；根据压力表反馈调节电机转速，达到恒定压力的目的。Drive requirements: Use switch 2 and button 2 to control the start and stop of the bell; adjust the motor speed according to the pressure gauge feedback to achieve constant pressure.
图3(b)和图3(c)为电铃启停设置图；双击图3(a)中的电铃图形8，弹出电铃的DIDO驱动设置窗口9，按以下方式设置输入输出点。Fig. 3(b) and Fig. 3(c) are diagrams of the bell start and stop setting; double-click the bell pattern 8 in Fig. 3(a) to pop up the DIDO driver setting window 9 of the bell, and set the input and output points as follows.
运行方式(10)：选择自动；Operation mode (10): select automatic;
EN/手自动(11)：输入“1”，表示此功能块运行；EN/Hand Auto (11): Enter "1" to indicate that this function block is running;
运行(12)：开关2，即图2(b)中标记3和按钮2即图2(b)中标记7，两个点的与运算结果作为输入，表示开关2打开同时按钮2按下输入“1”，运行条件成立；Run (12): switch 2, that is, mark 3 and button 2 in Fig. 2(b), that is, mark 7 in Fig. 2(b), the operation result of the two points is used as an input, indicating that switch 2 is on and button 2 is pressed on input. "1", the operating conditions are established;
启|停(13)：输入“1”，表示启动；Start|stop (13): Enter "1" to indicate startup;
驱动(14)：拖入图2(a)中所示的MODBUS模块的电铃驱动点(4)，表示该块“运行”为“1”时，将“启|停”中的值“1”输出到此点，启动电铃；Drive (14): Drag the bell drive point (4) of the MODBUS module shown in Figure 2(a), indicating that the value "1" in the "Start | Stop" when the block "Run" is "1" Output to this point, start the bell;
延时(15)：输入0，单位ms，表示条件成立后不延时，立即启动电铃。Delay (15): Enter 0, the unit is ms, indicating that there is no delay after the condition is established, and the bell is activated immediately.
电铃停止设置是根据以下操作实现的：The bell stop setting is implemented according to the following operations:
双击图3(a)中电铃图形(8)，弹出电铃DIDO驱动设置窗口(16)，按以下方式设置输入输出点：Double-click the bell pattern (8) in Figure 3(a) to pop up the bell DIDO driver setting window (16) and set the input and output points as follows:
运行方式(17)：选择自动；Operation mode (17): select automatic;
EN/手自动(18)：输入“1”，表示此功能块运行；EN/Hand Auto (18): Enter "1" to indicate that this function block is running;
运行(19)：开关2和按钮2两个点的与运算结果作为输入；Run (19): the operation result of the two points of switch 2 and button 2 as an input;
启|停(20)：输入“0”，表示停止；Start|stop (20): Enter "0" to stop;
驱动(21)：拖入图2(a)中所示的MODBUS模块的电铃驱动点(4)，表示该块“运行”为“1”时，将“启|停”中的值“0”输出到此点，停止电铃；Drive (21): Drag the bell drive point (4) of the MODBUS module shown in Figure 2(a), indicating that the value "0" in "Start | Stop" when the block "Run" is "1" Output to this point, stop the bell;
延时(22)：输入3000，单位ms，表示条件成立后延时3000ms，停 止电铃。Delay (22): Enter 3000, the unit is ms, indicating that the delay is 3000ms after the condition is established, and the bell is stopped.
图4为恒压PID调节图；新建PID调节模块，按以下方式设置恒定压力调节的输入输出点及相关参数：Figure 4 is a constant pressure PID adjustment diagram; a new PID adjustment module, set the input and output points of constant pressure adjustment and related parameters as follows:
使能输入(23)：拖入图2(a)中的开关1输入点(5)；Enable input (23): Drag the switch 1 input point (5) in Figure 2 (a);
设定值(24)：假设恒定压力0.2MPa；Set value (24): assuming a constant pressure of 0.2 MPa;
测量值(25)：拖入图2(a)中的压力输入点(2)；Measured value (25): Drag into the pressure input point (2) in Figure 2 (a);
调节值(26)：拖入图2(b)中的变频器驱动点(6)。Adjustment value (26): Drag in the drive drive point (6) in Figure 2 (b).
将设置结果下传到控制器，控制器就可以按照工艺要求运行。The settings are passed down to the controller and the controller can be operated according to the process requirements.
通过以上操作，完成了电铃的启动、停止及恒压的PID调节。整个过程中，只有常量设置、连接点的拖拽等工艺工程师易于理解的简单明了操作，已经按要求完成了用户的控制任务。Through the above operations, the start, stop, and constant voltage PID adjustment of the bell are completed. In the whole process, only the constant setting, the dragging of the connection point, and the like, which are easy for the process engineer to understand, are simple and clear, and the user's control task has been completed as required.
用户可以轻易快速的改变这些设置，来满足来不断变化的工艺需求。这说明本发明的工艺引导***是一个“浮置”的控制***，控制器的解析器对具体过程控制任务并不具有针对性，这是控制***模式的重大突破，由该模式构成的过控制***具有与生产***等同的生命周期。Users can easily and quickly change these settings to meet changing process needs. This shows that the process guiding system of the present invention is a "floating" control system, and the controller's parser is not specific to the specific process control task, which is a major breakthrough in the control system mode, and the over-control consisting of the mode The system has the same life cycle as the production system.
传统的控制器的用户程序可以由控制工程师决定在主循环、定时中断、外部中断的什么地方运行。这对于用户处理紧急任务等是重要的。本发明亦不例外，可以指定符合规范的运行环境。这个指定是简单的，只需在图3(b)中的标记10和图3(c)中的标记17进行简单的选择。本发明在控制器的工艺解析模块中设计有一个功能组织模块，它固定的解释了一个被称为功能组织的变长表，这个表将用户组织的“智能数据”进行分组，在不同的环境调用不同的组织表，完成运行环境的确定。这个表也确定了用户工艺的相对逻辑结构。从工艺引导部分来看，只要作一个简单的选择，表项即会自动建立，但内容是在建立工艺时创建的。上述仅是一个控制器内部“智能数据”运行环境的确定。本发明要做用户任务的全局分配，在***具有多个控制器完成一个大型控制任务时，本发明的工艺引导***会根据控制器间通讯数据的强度及控制器CPU的负荷情况，自动分配控制任务。也就是将“智能数据”按规则分 配在不同控制器中，因此本发明不需要一个大型控制器去实现用户的大型控制任务，多个控制器之间知道怎样去交互各自关心的数据。The user program of a traditional controller can be determined by the control engineer to run in the main loop, the timer interrupt, and the external interrupt. This is important for users to handle urgent tasks and the like. The present invention is no exception, and it is possible to specify an operating environment that conforms to the specifications. This designation is simple, and only a simple selection is made in the mark 10 in Fig. 3(b) and the mark 17 in Fig. 3(c). The invention is designed with a functional organization module in the process analysis module of the controller, which fixedly explains a variable length table called a functional organization, which groups the "intelligent data" of the user organization in different environments. Call different organizational tables to complete the determination of the operating environment. This table also determines the relative logical structure of the user's process. From the process guidance part, the entry is automatically created as long as a simple choice, but the content is created when the process is built. The above is only a determination of the internal "smart data" operating environment of the controller. The invention has to perform global allocation of user tasks. When the system has multiple controllers to complete a large control task, the process guiding system of the present invention automatically assigns control according to the strength of communication data between controllers and the load condition of the controller CPU. task. That is, "smart data" is distributed according to rules in different controllers, so the present invention does not require a large controller to implement a large control task of the user, and multiple controllers know how to interact with each other's data of interest.
如果将这套***规则用于智能仪表、智能设备，也就是具备控制器的部分通讯组织能力，这些仪器仪表便具备直接融入FCS***架构的能力，可以通过以太网与任意智能设备进行数据的“免编程”交互，而不再需要通过ModBus、CANopen等由控制器中转、解析。If this system rule is used for smart meters, smart devices, that is, with some communication organization capabilities of the controller, these instruments have the ability to directly integrate into the FCS system architecture, and can perform data with Ethernet and any smart device. Program-free interaction, no longer need to be transferred and parsed by the controller through ModBus, CANopen, etc.
对于本发明的工艺引导***，设备的安全管理已变得无比简约。以图4的恒压PID调节为例，来说明设备安全管理的设置过程。假设调节值达到上限位，则启动电铃，电铃响3秒钟后停止。具体设置如下：For the process guiding system of the present invention, the safety management of the equipment has become extremely simple. Taking the constant voltage PID adjustment of FIG. 4 as an example, the setting process of the device security management will be described. Assuming that the adjustment value reaches the upper limit, the bell is activated and the bell stops after 3 seconds. The specific settings are as follows:
拖入恒压PID调节的上限位点，即图4的(27)，则增加一条记录，如图5的(28)；Dragging the upper limit point of the constant pressure PID adjustment, that is, (27) of Fig. 4, adding a record, as shown in (28) of FIG. 5;
设置触发方式，有TRUE触发，即图5的(29)、FALSE触发，即图5的(30)，此例中要求达到上限位触发，所以勾选TRUE触发(29)；Set the trigger mode, there is TRUE trigger, that is, (29) of FIG. 5, FALSE trigger, that is, (30) of FIG. 5, in this example, it is required to reach the upper limit bit trigger, so check the TRUE trigger (29);
设置清除方式，即图5的(31)，表示上限位为0时，自动清除还是手动清除，此例中选择自动清除，所以勾选自动清除(31)；Set the clear mode, that is, (31) in Figure 5, when the upper limit bit is 0, whether it is automatically cleared or manually cleared. In this example, automatic clear is selected, so check the automatic clear (31);
设置达到上限位后，启动电铃：拖入电铃驱动点，即图2(a)中的(4)，则增加一条记录，如图5的(32)，在值的位置，即图5的(33)，输入1，表示启动，延时的位置，即在图5的(34)输入0，表示立即启动；After setting the upper limit, start the bell: drag the bell drive point, ie (4) in Figure 2(a), add a record, as shown in Figure 32 (32), at the value position, ie Figure 5 ( 33), input 1, indicating the start, delay position, that is, input 0 in (34) of Figure 5, indicating immediate start;
设置电铃启动3秒后停止：拖入电铃驱动点，即图2(a)中的(4)，则增加一条记录，如图5的(35)，在输入值的位置，即图5的(36))输入0，表示停止，延时的位置，即图5的(37)输入3000，表示3秒后停止。Set the bell to start after 3 seconds: drag in the bell drive point, ie (4) in Figure 2(a), add a record, as shown in Figure 5 (35), at the position of the input value, ie Figure 5 ( 36)) Enter 0 to indicate the stop, the position of the delay, that is, the input of 3000 in (37) of Fig. 5, indicating that it stops after 3 seconds.
上述仅仅是一个示例，事实上可以通过这样简单的方式配置出任意的故障处理情形，这个处理过程可以是动态的，只需要在图5(36)值中拽入一个运算器的输出，而在运算器中，可以任意检测***设备的状态，得到你需要的结果。The above is just an example. In fact, any fault handling situation can be configured in such a simple way. This process can be dynamic. It only needs to input the output of an operator in the value of Figure 5 (36). In the operator, you can arbitrarily detect the status of the system equipment and get the results you need.
这个过程由本发明的工艺引导及控制器的工艺解析配合完成的，工 艺引导部分根据用户的设置生成一个被称为设备安全的管理表，当然，视驱动点的位置，还可能生成总线通讯管理表及以太网管理表。控制器的工艺解析部分知道怎样去使用这些表，当一个已进行故障组态的设备引发故障时，控制器查阅这些表，进行故障处理。这个故障处理过程与***的正常工艺处理过程是独立的，但他们的输出是有优先级的，从高到低依次是：HMI->故障输出->正常工艺输出。因此，不会出现逻辑上的混乱。This process is completed by the process guidance of the present invention and the process analysis of the controller. The process guidance part generates a management table called device security according to the user's settings. Of course, depending on the location of the drive point, a bus communication management table may also be generated. And Ethernet management table. The process analysis section of the controller knows how to use these tables. When a faulty configuration device causes a fault, the controller consults these tables for troubleshooting. This fault handling process is independent of the normal process of the system, but their outputs are prioritized, from high to low: HMI-> Fault Output -> Normal Process Output. Therefore, there will be no logical confusion.
本发明的用户仿真不但具备常规仿真功能，工艺引导模块还生成一个桌面元件数据表，它与输入映射数据表及输出映射数据表相互配合，完成***的仿真功能。The user simulation of the invention not only has the conventional simulation function, but also the process guidance module generates a desktop component data table, which cooperates with the input mapping data table and the output mapping data table to complete the simulation function of the system.
工艺解析模块通过故障动态处理机制自动解析由工艺引导模块生成的具有因果关系的图表，该图表描述了故障的处理过程，用户控制***运行的不同进程，得到不同的故障处理结果，故障动态处理机制的规则通过特定的运算器进行描述。The process analysis module automatically analyzes the causal relationship generated by the process guidance module through the fault dynamic processing mechanism. The chart describes the fault processing process, the user controls the different processes of the system operation, obtains different fault processing results, and the fault dynamic processing mechanism. The rules are described by a specific operator.
桌面元件数据表是本发明的工艺引导***由输入框、开关、文本框等生成的一个数据集，当控制器发现***处于仿真状态时，它即用桌面元件数据替换输入映射表中数据。不论控制器现场是否接线，都可以混用现场仪表数据及桌面元件数据进行仿真。The desktop component data table is a data set generated by the process guiding system of the present invention by an input box, a switch, a text box, etc., and when the controller finds that the system is in an emulation state, it replaces the data in the input mapping table with the desktop component data. Whether the controller site is wired or not, the field instrument data and desktop component data can be mixed for simulation.
当控制器发现***处于正常运行状态时，桌面元件数据表成为人机接口与控制器的数据沟通桥梁。控制器会正确引用这些数据进行***控制。When the controller finds that the system is in normal operation, the desktop component data table becomes the data communication bridge between the human-machine interface and the controller. The controller will correctly reference this data for system control.
数据采集与监视控制***生成的智能驱动数据结构包括：The intelligent drive data structure generated by the data acquisition and monitoring control system includes:
***控制数据库：由工艺引导***生成的控制数据集。它包含控制器要达到用户工艺控制需要的全部数据。这些数据按功能分布在各类数据、管理表中。表中的数据项有约定的数据格式，包含：数据、地址、数据属性，如表1所示。这些数据项引导控制器***程序完成用户控制任务。System Control Database: A control data set generated by a process guidance system. It contains all the data the controller needs to reach the user's process control. These data are distributed by function in various types of data and management tables. The data items in the table have the agreed data format, including: data, address, and data attributes, as shown in Table 1. These data items direct the controller system program to complete user control tasks.
表1Table 1
Figure PCTCN2018083410-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018083410-appb-000001
***配置数据表包含一些***数据，比如控制器的型号、***内控制器的IP地址、各类数据、管理表的引导地址等等。The system configuration data table contains some system data, such as the model of the controller, the IP address of the controller in the system, various types of data, the boot address of the management table, and so on.
桌面元件数据表：工艺引导***会为每一个桌面元件建立一个表项，用于人机接口控制器的沟通及***仿真，这些表项的集合构成桌面元件数据表。Desktop component data table: The process guidance system creates an entry for each desktop component for communication and system simulation of the human interface controller. The collection of these entries constitutes a desktop component data table.
功能组织数据表：将需要相同运行环境的功能数据模块集合在一起，形成一个数据表，由工艺引导***决定这些数据表项在何处运行，比如：主循环、外部中断、定时中断。Functional organization data table: The functional data modules that need the same operating environment are grouped together to form a data table. The process guidance system determines where these data entries run, such as: main loop, external interrupt, and timed interrupt.
模块功能数据表：控制器***功能模块的多重背景数据块的集合。工艺引导***为每一次***功能的调用形成一个数据项，这些数据项具有智能引导能力，它会引导控制器的解析器到指定的地方获取数据，完成用户指定的功能。Module Function Data Table: A collection of multiple instance data blocks for the controller system function module. The process guidance system forms a data item for each call of the system function. These data items have intelligent guiding capabilities, which will guide the controller's parser to the specified place to obtain data and complete the functions specified by the user.
输入映射数据表：控制器硬件输入接口DI、AI、现场总线ModBus、 CANopen等输入接口的数据映射及属性的说明信息。属性说明信息来源于硬件的一个GSD文件及SCADA模块的硬件定义信息。GSD文件说明这个接口可以做到什么，SCADA说明这个接口具体做什么。比如：控制器的一个输入口，可以作为一个常规输入口，亦可用于中断输入口、高速计数口、频率测量口等，这在GSD文件中说明；当用户需要这个口的具体功能时，在数据采集与监视控制***中说明。这些信息被写入到输入映射数据表的属性项中，控制器的解析***自动完成用户指定的功能，将数据写入数据项中，供***使用。Input mapping data table: Data mapping and attribute description information of input interfaces of controller hardware input interface DI, AI, fieldbus ModBus, CANopen, etc. The attribute description information is derived from a GSD file of the hardware and hardware definition information of the SCADA module. The GSD file shows what this interface can do, and SCADA explains what this interface does. For example, an input port of the controller can be used as a regular input port, and can also be used for interrupt input port, high-speed counting port, frequency measuring port, etc., which is described in the GSD file; when the user needs the specific function of the port, Description in the data acquisition and monitoring control system. This information is written into the attribute item of the input mapping data table. The controller's resolution system automatically completes the user-specified function and writes the data to the data item for use by the system.
动态配方数据表：是完成柔性制造的有力手段，不仅仅是对数据进行配方，重要的是它能对用户的工艺进行动态柔性化的配方。其数据表结构如表2下：Dynamic Recipe Data Sheet: A powerful tool for completing flexible manufacturing, not just for formulating data, but importantly for dynamically flexible formulations of the user's process. Its data table structure is as shown in Table 2:
表2Table 2
Figure PCTCN2018083410-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018083410-appb-000002
不同于传统的配方，工系库统艺动态配方的记录是被整体下载到控制器中形成一个被称为工艺动态配控方数据表。表项“当前运行记录索引”表征了哪一个记录需要此刻运行制数，值是可以根据工艺运行情况进行改变的， 这个改变是由控制器的解析器根据“当前运行记录索引”中用户的需求，将对应的记录装载到“运行记录”项中，供需要引用这个记录元素值的对象引用。这一过程完成了配方的记录根据工艺进行调度。Different from the traditional formula, the record of the dynamic formula of the engineering library is downloaded into the controller as a whole to form a data table called the process dynamic control. The table entry "current running record index" indicates which record needs to run the system at this moment, and the value can be changed according to the process running condition. This change is determined by the controller's parser according to the user's needs in the "current running record index". , the corresponding record is loaded into the "run record" item for the object reference that needs to reference the value of this record element. This process completes the recording of recipes and schedules them according to the process.
一个用户工艺的柔性化控制仅仅是记录的根据工艺进行调度是不够的。它只能勾画用户工艺变化的结构菱角，工艺细节的变化未能得到反映。在传统配方中，记录元素通常是一个常数，并不能根据工艺的细节进行动态变化，这使柔性化的用户工艺并不能体现在配方表中。The flexible control of a user process is simply not sufficient for recording according to the process. It can only delineate the structure of the user's process changes, and the changes in process details are not reflected. In traditional recipes, the recording elements are usually a constant and cannot be dynamically changed according to the details of the process, which makes the flexible user process not reflected in the recipe table.
得益于本发明的数据驱动架构，记录元素可以连接用户工艺变化的细节，它不再是一个常数，而是一个可以引用外部数据的结构，由数据、地址、属性组成。Thanks to the data-driven architecture of the present invention, the record element can be connected to the details of the user's process changes. It is no longer a constant, but a structure that can reference external data, consisting of data, addresses, and attributes.
在控制器运行过程中，解析器在调度配方记录的同时，通过记录元素的数据结构，不断读取用户工艺设备的运行状态，形成新的记录元素值。记录元素值改变的规则可以在本发明提供的特定的运算器功能中进行。During the running of the controller, the parser continuously reads the running state of the user's process equipment by recording the data structure of the element while scheduling the recipe record, and forms a new record element value. The rules for recording element value changes can be made in the particular operator functions provided by the present invention.
本发明的设备安全管理表用于处理***在运行过程中设备出现故障的情形。由故障引发点表及故障执行点表组成。故障引发点表及故障执行点表又由多个数据项组成。同样这些数据项包含了数据、地址、属性说明。The device security management table of the present invention is used to handle situations in which the device fails during operation. It consists of a fault trigger point table and a fault execution point table. The fault trigger point table and the fault execution point table are in turn composed of a plurality of data items. These data items also contain data, addresses, and attribute descriptions.
故障引发点表用于收集设备在运行过程中出现的故障。当设备出现故障时，控制器的解析***在故障引发点表中“注册”这个引发点的信息，形成一个数据项。控制器根据这些引发点数据项“搜索”故障执行点表，找到故障执行点表数据项，根据故障执行点表数据项的数据及属性定义，完成故障执行点的驱动。The fault trigger point table is used to collect faults that occur during the operation of the equipment. When the device fails, the controller's resolution system "registers" the trigger point information in the fault trigger point table to form a data item. The controller "searches" the fault execution point table according to the data items of the trigger point, finds the data item of the fault execution point table, and completes the driving of the fault execution point according to the data and attribute definition of the data item of the fault execution point table.
控制器集成了ModBus、CANopen通讯协议。当然，根据需要可以集成任意其他总线通讯协议。由于***中需要交换的数据是自动、透明完成的，因此需要总线通讯管理表来收集管理这些数据，以完成无区别引用。控制器的解析器不但要完成相应通讯协议，还要根据总线通讯管理表的属性说明项将数据放入指定的位置，供数据采集与监视控制*** 组态时说明的位置使用。这一过程使用户不需要任何的编程就可以得到总线上的数据。The controller integrates ModBus and CANopen communication protocols. Of course, any other bus communication protocol can be integrated as needed. Since the data to be exchanged in the system is automatically and transparently completed, a bus communication management table is required to collect and manage the data to complete the indiscriminate reference. The controller's parser not only needs to complete the corresponding communication protocol, but also puts the data into the specified location according to the attribute description item of the bus communication management table, which is used for the location described in the data acquisition and monitoring control system configuration. This process allows the user to get the data on the bus without any programming.
以太网管理表：主要用于控制器、HMI、规范的智能设备之间的相互数据交互。其管理机制类同于总线通讯管理表，但它的通讯架构不是一个主从结构，所有的设备具有平等的通讯权限，数据交换是并发的，一个设备可以发起与***内其他设备同时进行数据交换。因此，具有很高的通讯效率。这一机制满足了FCS***对通讯的要求，数据自动交换、自动识别。同时，全兼容TCP/IP协议，任何以太网交换机、路由器均可用于本***。Ethernet management table: mainly used for mutual data interaction between controllers, HMIs, and standardized smart devices. Its management mechanism is similar to the bus communication management table, but its communication architecture is not a master-slave structure, all devices have equal communication rights, data exchange is concurrent, and one device can initiate data exchange with other devices in the system at the same time. . Therefore, it has high communication efficiency. This mechanism satisfies the communication requirements of the FCS system, automatic data exchange and automatic identification. At the same time, it is fully compatible with TCP/IP protocol, and any Ethernet switch and router can be used in this system.
运行信息管理表：***运行过程中会产生大量信息，例如：进行了手/自动切换、某设备产生了故障、控制器出现了故障、通讯出现异常等等。这些信息一旦产生，便会注册到运行信息管理表中，如果数据采集与监视控制***正在运行，这些信息会自动传到数据采集与监视控制***中，数据采集与监视控制***对这些信息进行分类、保存及处理。属于控制***的辅助部分。Operation information management table: A large amount of information is generated during system operation, such as: hand/automatic switching, failure of a device, failure of the controller, abnormal communication, and so on. Once this information is generated, it will be registered in the operation information management table. If the data acquisition and monitoring control system is running, the information will be automatically transferred to the data acquisition and monitoring control system. The data collection and monitoring control system classifies the information. , save and process. Belongs to the auxiliary part of the control system.
运动控制数据表：本发明的***架构并不仅限于解决工业过程控制任务。数据驱动模型亦为运动控制提供了优秀的解决方案，配合一个外部中断，能够实现任意轴的等时同步。Motion Control Data Table: The system architecture of the present invention is not limited to solving industrial process control tasks. The data-driven model also provides an excellent solution for motion control, with an external interrupt, enabling isochronous synchronization of any axis.
将工艺引导模块生成的运动轴的动作帧形成运动控制数据表预先下载到控制器中，对于运动控制数据表中相同数量的数据项，控制器每一时刻依靠控制器的一个硬件中断执行索引号相同的数据项，并且递增，实现了任意轴的等时同步。The motion frame forming motion control data table generated by the process guiding module is pre-downloaded into the controller. For the same number of data items in the motion control data table, the controller relies on a hardware interrupt of the controller to execute the index number at each moment. The same data item, and incremented, achieves isochronous synchronization of any axis.
运动控制的执行过程，实际上是对轴动作的分解过程，分解后的动作帧具有相互关联性，对同步、实时的要求极高。目前有两种做法：一是做成专用的运动控制器，其优点是实时同步性强，其缺点是封闭性较强，扩展性极差。二是做成动作帧的集中分解，总线传输。其优点是灵活性好、扩展性强，其缺点是实时同步性较差。The execution process of motion control is actually a decomposition process of the axis motion. The decomposed action frames are related to each other, and the requirements for synchronization and real-time are extremely high. At present, there are two ways: First, it is made into a dedicated motion controller, which has the advantage of strong real-time synchronization, and its disadvantage is that it is more closed and has poor scalability. The second is to make a centralized decomposition of the action frame, bus transmission. The advantage is that the flexibility and the scalability are strong, and the disadvantage is that the real-time synchronization is poor.
把分解后的动作帧放入如下结构的一个表中，并且预先下载到控制 器中，如下表3所示。The decomposed action frame is placed in a table of the following structure and downloaded to the controller in advance, as shown in Table 3 below.
表3table 3
Figure PCTCN2018083410-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2018083410-appb-000003
其中，表头是控制器执行一个动作的必要固定信息。每个控制器的这个表必须配合一个外部中断接口来运行，外部中断是“线与”的关系，即：只有所有控制器发出当前步序执行完成后，才会出现有效的外部中断信号，外部中断的作用在于同步步序。即所有控制器的表在相同步序下运行，这个步序由表头的“当前位置”进行记录。Among them, the header is the necessary fixed information for the controller to perform an action. This table of each controller must be operated with an external interrupt interface. The external interrupt is a "wire-to-wire" relationship, that is, a valid external interrupt signal will appear only after all controllers have issued the current step sequence. The effect of the interrupt is to synchronize the steps. That is, all controller tables are run in phase synchronization sequence, which is recorded by the "current position" of the header.
“IN”是步序的执行条件，可以引用***的任何资源作为执行条件，只有当“IN”＝1时，该步序才开始执行。"IN" is the execution condition of the step, and any resource of the system can be referred to as the execution condition. Only when "IN"=1, the step starts execution.
“Out”是步序的驱动输出，当该步序执行完后，驱动外部中断接口线，对外表示：“该步已完成”。可以利用这个输出驱动同时驱动其他任意输出接口。“Out” is the drive output of the step sequence. When the step sequence is executed, the external interrupt interface line is driven, and the external representation: “This step is completed”. This output driver can be used to drive any other output interface simultaneously.
当所有控制器都执行了该步序，控制器会收到一个外部中断信号，中断处理程序将“当前位置”加1。如此反复运行。When all controllers execute this step, the controller receives an external interrupt signal and the interrupt handler increments the "current position" by one. This is repeated.
在本发明***架构的支持下，运动控制的驱动变得异常简单明了，可以使任意多轴等时同步，这是依靠任何工业“现场总线”都不可能达到的性能。它不但使一个工业机器人的动作同步，还能使多个工业机器人之间达到同步。With the support of the system architecture of the present invention, the motion control drive becomes extremely simple and straightforward, and any multi-axis isochronous synchronization can be achieved, which is impossible to achieve by any industrial "field bus". It not only synchronizes the motion of an industrial robot, but also synchronizes multiple industrial robots.
掉电保持管理表：用户总是希望某些数据掉电后能够保持，下次开机后能够继续使用。比如：PID的设定值，我们并不希望开机后重新设置它。Power-down maintenance management table: Users always want certain data to be maintained after power-off, and can continue to use after the next power-on. For example: PID setting value, we do not want to reset it after booting.
本发明提供一个“掉电保持管理表”来满足这一要求。掉电保持管理表由多个表项组成，每一个需要掉电保持的数据形成一个表项，对于用户来讲，只需简单指定这个数据是否需要掉电保持，后续的工作由控制器进行自动解析处理。The present invention provides a "power down retention management table" to meet this requirement. The power-down maintenance management table consists of multiple entries. Each data that needs to be powered down maintains an entry. For the user, simply specify whether the data needs to be powered down. The subsequent work is automatically performed by the controller. Analytical processing.
硬件冗余管理表：冗余是用户硬件***安全运行的重要措施。本发明只有控制器的***程序，所有控制器的***程序是一样的，被预先置入。由于用户工艺控制的实现已由本发明的工艺引导***转换成了智能数据，也就是说，用户工艺控制是由智能数据和本发明的解析***实现的。智能数据在控制器之间传输是简单的，本发明的解析***采用以太网口进行传输。要传输的内容在“硬件冗余管理表”中进行说明。Hardware redundancy management table: Redundancy is an important measure for the safe operation of user hardware systems. The invention only has the system program of the controller, and the system programs of all the controllers are the same and are pre-positioned. Since the implementation of user process control has been converted to intelligent data by the process guidance system of the present invention, that is, user process control is implemented by intelligent data and the analysis system of the present invention. The transmission of intelligent data between controllers is simple, and the resolution system of the present invention uses an Ethernet port for transmission. The content to be transferred is described in the "Hardware Redundancy Management Table".
本发明实现了“裸机”冗余，即：用户除了插上一条冗余传输线就实现了冗余。其中，工艺解析模块通过以太网接口将主控制器中的智能引导数据复制到冗余控制器中，从而实现了裸机冗余。The invention realizes "bare metal" redundancy, that is, the user realizes redundancy in addition to plugging in a redundant transmission line. The process parsing module copies the intelligent boot data in the main controller to the redundant controller through the Ethernet interface, thereby realizing bare metal redundancy.
输出映射数据表：控制器硬件输出接口DO、AO、现场总线 ModBus、CANopen等输出接口的数据映射及属性的说明信息。属性说明信息来源于硬件的一个GSD文件及数据采集与监视控制***的硬件定义信息。GSD文件说明这个接口可以做到什么，数据采集与监视控制***说明这个接口具体做什么。比如控制器的一个输出口，可以作为一个常规输出口，也可用于PWM输出等，这在GSD文件中说明；当用户需要这个口的具体功能时，这在数据采集与监视控制***中说明。这些信息被写入到输出映射数据表的属性项中，以后，控制器的解析***自动完成用户指定的功能，将数据写入数据项中，供本发明的解析***驱动输出。Output mapping data table: Data mapping and attribute description information of the output interface of the controller hardware output interface DO, AO, fieldbus ModBus, CANopen, etc. The attribute description information is derived from a GSD file of the hardware and hardware definition information of the data acquisition and monitoring control system. The GSD file shows what this interface can do. The data acquisition and monitoring control system shows what this interface does. For example, an output port of the controller can be used as a regular output port or a PWM output. This is described in the GSD file. When the user needs the specific function of this port, this is described in the data acquisition and monitoring control system. This information is written into the attribute item of the output mapping data table. Later, the controller's parsing system automatically performs the function specified by the user, and writes the data into the data item for driving output by the parsing system of the present invention.
数据采集与监视控制***的工具箱的设备图形库中拖出一个电铃图片，这个图片没有任何功能，就是一张普通图片，用户可以选择任意满足需求的图片。当双击这张图片，弹出图3(b)所示DIDO驱动界面。此时，本发明的工艺引导***建立了一个“功能组织数据表”，并添加了一个表项：DIDO驱动。同时建立了一个“模块功能数据表”，亦添加了一个表项：DIDO驱动的数据。图3(b)的(10)为控制器的运行环境设置，可以有三个选择：自动、定时中断。外部中断。自动是默认选项，中断不允许运行与延时有关的功能。A picture of the electric bell is dragged from the device graphics library of the toolbox of the data acquisition and monitoring control system. This picture has no function, that is, a normal picture, and the user can select any picture that satisfies the demand. When you double-click this picture, the DIDO driver interface shown in Figure 3(b) pops up. At this time, the process guiding system of the present invention establishes a "functional organization data table" and adds an entry: DIDO driver. At the same time, a "module function data table" is established, and an entry is added: DIDO-driven data. (10) of Figure 3(b) shows the operating environment settings of the controller. There are three options: automatic, timed interrupt. External Interrupt. Auto is the default option and interrupts are not allowed to run delay-related functions.
当我们将图3(b)的标记14拖入***内任意一个输出点时，这张图片已不是普通意义上满足数据采集与监视控制***美感的图片，而是一个真实设备的映射。本工艺引导***为这个输出点在“输出映射数据表”中建立一个输出项，用于该点的输出。示例中，这个点拖入的是控制器1的ModBus的一个输出点，控制器1需与这个ModBus设备进行通讯，于是工艺引导***在控制器1中建立了一个“总线通讯管理表”，并在表中添加了这个ModBus输出点项，解析***会自动引用该点数据用ModBus协议去驱动这个点。When we drag the marker 14 of Figure 3(b) into any of the output points in the system, this image is not a picture that satisfies the aesthetics of the data acquisition and monitoring control system in the ordinary sense, but a mapping of real devices. The process guidance system creates an output for the output point in the "Output Mapping Data Table" for this output. In the example, this point is dragged into an output point of the ModBus of controller 1, and controller 1 needs to communicate with the ModBus device, so the process boot system establishes a "bus communication management table" in controller 1, and This ModBus output point item is added to the table, and the resolution system will automatically reference the point data to drive this point using the ModBus protocol.
其实，此时并不知道工艺引导***会将这个DIDO驱动放到哪个控制器运行，如果工艺引导***认为将这个DIDO驱动放到控制器2中运行比较合理，***会自动建立一个“以太网管理表”，并将该项加入其 中。在此，我们假设在控制器1中运行。In fact, at this time, it is not known which controller will put the DIDO driver to which controller. If the process guidance system thinks that the DIDO driver is put into the controller 2, the system will automatically establish an "Ethernet management." Table" and add the item to it. Here, we assume that it is running in controller 1.
在图3(b)的标记12中，拖入了两个DIDO的运行条件，来源于控制器2的一个开关及与控制器2相连的CANopen设备的一个按钮。工艺引导***首先在控制器2中的“输入映射数据表”建立控制器2连接的开关及通过控制器2连接的CANopen设备按钮输入项，标记这两个输入接口的数据及属性。由于假设了DIDO驱动在控制器1中运行，而控制器之间通讯是通过以太网的，因此，工艺引导***在控制器2的“以太网管理表”建立这两个元件的输出项；在控制器1的“以太网管理表”建立这两个元件的输入项。In the mark 12 of Fig. 3(b), the operating conditions of the two DIDOs are dragged, one switch from the controller 2 and one button of the CANopen device connected to the controller 2. The process guiding system first establishes a switch connected to the controller 2 and a CANopen device button input connected through the controller 2 in the "input mapping data table" in the controller 2, and marks the data and attributes of the two input interfaces. Since it is assumed that the DIDO driver is running in the controller 1, and the communication between the controllers is via Ethernet, the process guidance system establishes the outputs of the two components in the "Ethernet Management Table" of the controller 2; The "Ethernet Management Table" of controller 1 establishes the entries for these two components.
由于DIDO驱动引用了控制器2相连的CANopen设备的一个按钮，工艺引导***还在控制器2的“总线通讯管理表”中建立一个CANopen协议的一个输入项，用于读取这个按钮的值。Since the DIDO driver references a button of the CANopen device connected to the controller 2, the process guidance system also creates an entry for the CANopen protocol in the "bus communication management table" of the controller 2 for reading the value of this button.
开关、按钮是相与的关系，这个关系是工艺引导***在后台通过一个特定的运算器的数据模块自动实现的。特定的运算器就是一个“虚拟机”，控制器可以运行这个虚拟机；在工艺引导***看来，运算器就是可以识别的逻辑数据。工艺引导***在“模块功能数据表”中，建立这个数据项。The switch and the button are in phase relationship. This relationship is automatically implemented by the process guidance system in the background through the data module of a specific computing unit. A specific operator is a "virtual machine" that the controller can run; in the view of the process guidance system, the operator is the logical data that can be recognized. The process guidance system creates this data item in the "Module Function Data Sheet".
由于条件成立后立即启动电铃，因此，在DIDO驱动的“启|停”位写入1；在DIDO驱动的“延时”值写入0，这些数据被填入到DIOD驱动的内部属性中。Since the bell is activated immediately after the condition is established, 1 is written to the "start" bit of the DIDO driver; 0 is written to the "delay" value of the DIDO driver, and the data is filled into the internal attributes of the DIOD driver.
通过以上的描述，已经知道了元件数据怎样在控制器之间、各类现场总线模块之间流动，解析***能够正确理解这些数据，从而完成一个用户工艺的一个动作，当然，这个动作不限于示例，可以是任意的。Through the above description, it has been known how component data flows between controllers and various fieldbus modules, and the analysis system can correctly understand the data to complete an action of a user process. Of course, this action is not limited to the example. Can be arbitrary.
电铃的停止与上述类同，只是“延时”值写入3000ms，条件满足时3秒后停止，不再赘述。The stop of the bell is similar to the above, except that the "delay" value is written to 3000ms, and the condition is stopped after 3 seconds, and will not be described again.
PID调节是***提供的一个工艺模块之一，当从SCADA模块的工具箱的工艺模块中拖出如图4所示的这个PID图片时，与拖出设备图片是不一样的，这个图片已经与这个PID工艺数据集进行了自动连接，工艺 引导***在“模块功能数据表”中建立该数据项。但是并不知道对什么样的工艺设备进行调节，当在图4的(26)中拖入一个调节点时，工艺引导***就知道了要对谁进行调节，拖入的是与控制器2连接的CANopen的一个输出点，于是工艺引导***在控制器2的“总线通讯管理表”中建立一个CANopen协议的一个输出项，如果这个PID在控制器1中运行，***还会自动在两个控制器“以太网管理表”中建立对应输入输出表项。在PID调节中还需要一个检测值，在图4的(25)拖入了与控制器1模拟量模块相连的压力表，工艺引导***会在输入映射数据表及模块功能数据表中分别建立对应数据表项。这样，虽然一些工艺参数还需要在运行中调整，但这个PID调节已能正常运行。PID adjustment is one of the process modules provided by the system. When the PID picture shown in Figure 4 is dragged from the process module of the SCADA module toolbox, it is different from the drag-out device picture. This picture has been The PID process data set is automatically linked and the process guidance system creates the data item in the "Module Function Data Sheet". However, it is not known what kind of process equipment is adjusted. When a regulation point is dragged in (26) of Fig. 4, the process guidance system knows who to adjust, and the drag-in is connected to the controller 2. An output point of CANopen, so the process guidance system establishes an output of CANopen protocol in the "bus communication management table" of controller 2. If the PID is running in controller 1, the system will automatically control in two Corresponding input and output entries are established in the "Ethernet Management Table". In the PID adjustment, a detection value is also needed. In the (25) of Fig. 4, the pressure gauge connected to the analog module of the controller 1 is dragged in, and the process guidance system respectively establishes corresponding correspondences in the input mapping data table and the module function data table. Data entry. In this way, although some process parameters need to be adjusted during operation, this PID adjustment has been able to operate normally.
从上述可以看出，使用一个***工艺模块是非常简单的，工艺模块运行时，SCADA模块可以直接观察模块内部参数的运行情况，如果被授权，是可以改变这些参数的。As can be seen from the above, the use of a system process module is very simple. When the process module is running, the SCADA module can directly observe the operation of the internal parameters of the module. If authorized, these parameters can be changed.
当双击工艺引导***的“设备安全管理”时，***建立了一个设备安全管理表，其设置界面如图5所示。由于这个示例是以PID调节值达到上限位时，触发一个设备安全处理事务，因此，这个表的“引发”项被拖入了PID的上限输出点：恒压PID调节.上限位。说明了PID调节达到上限输出值时，需要进行安全处理。工艺引导***会根据PID运行的控制器不同，确定是否建立以太网管理表。When you double-click "Device Security Management" of the process boot system, the system establishes a device security management table, and its setting interface is shown in Figure 5. Since this example triggers a device to safely process a transaction when the PID adjustment value reaches the upper limit, the "trigger" entry for this table is dragged into the upper limit output point of the PID: constant voltage PID adjustment. It is stated that when the PID adjustment reaches the upper limit output value, it needs to be handled safely. The process guidance system determines whether an Ethernet management table is established based on the controller that the PID is running.
本发明的示例中，要求PID达到上限值时立即启动一个电铃，响铃3秒后停止。电铃的启动和停止是两个动作，因此，在“执行点”项拖入两项电铃的输出点，工艺引导***发现这个电铃位于控制器1的ModBus模块的一个输出点上，同样会在总线通讯管理表项上建立该点，实际上，以前对该点的引用，已经建立了这些表项。In the example of the present invention, when the PID reaches the upper limit value, an electric bell is started immediately, and the bell is stopped after 3 seconds. The start and stop of the bell are two actions. Therefore, at the "execution point" item, the output points of the two bells are dragged, and the process guidance system finds that the bell is located at an output point of the ModBus module of controller 1, also on the bus. This point is established on the communication management table entry. In fact, the previous reference to the point has already established these entries.
在第一个“执行点”的值填入1，表示：启动，延时填入0，表示：立即执行；在第二个“执行点”的值填入0，表示：停止，延时填入3000毫秒，表示：3秒后执行。勾选了自动清除时，表示故障消失后，控制器自动恢复执行点运行状态。Fill in the value of the first "execution point", indicating: start, delay to fill in 0, indicating: immediate execution; fill in the value of the second "execution point", indicating: stop, delay fill Enter 3000 milliseconds, indicating: Execute after 3 seconds. When Auto Clear is checked, it indicates that the controller automatically resumes the execution point running status after the fault disappears.
从以上描述可以看出，***通过数据驱动来实现，这些数据不是普通意义上的数据，而是具有引导能力的智能数据，它调度着控制器***内核的运行、完成总线设备的透明引用、高速、并发的数据交换，控制器以及所有智能设备自主运行并且自动获取所需***资源，所有智能控制单元实现控制目标之后，实现了用户的控制任务，最终实现FCS***架构。As can be seen from the above description, the system is realized by data driving. These data are not data in the ordinary sense, but intelligent data with guiding ability. It schedules the operation of the controller system kernel, completes transparent reference of the bus device, and high speed. Concurrent data exchange, controller and all intelligent devices run autonomously and automatically acquire the required system resources. After all intelligent control units realize the control objectives, the user's control tasks are realized, and finally the FCS system architecture is realized.
本发明通过用数据的灵活性去“对抗”用户工艺的多样性，而不是用一对一的编程方法去适应用户工艺的多样性，是颠覆现有工业过程控制模型的发明，使用户的过程控制***变得简单、通用、直接、透明、灵活，真正实现了AT控制技术与IT信息技术的高度融合。The present invention utilizes the flexibility of data to "combat" the diversity of user processes, rather than using one-to-one programming methods to adapt to the diversity of user processes, and is an invention that subverts existing industrial process control models, making the user's process The control system has become simple, versatile, direct, transparent and flexible, realizing the high integration of AT control technology and IT information technology.
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art Therefore, such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，包括：An industrial process control process guiding system, comprising:
    工艺引导模块，所述工艺引导模块对被控元件进行动作分解、属性配置，将用户的工艺控制程序通过简单的图形化和拖拽操作生成***能识别的智能引导数据；a process guiding module, the process guiding module performs action decomposition and attribute configuration on the controlled component, and generates a smart guiding data that can be recognized by the system by a simple graphic and drag operation of the user process control program;
    数据采集与监视控制***，所述数据采集与监视控制***作为所述工艺引导模块的实施载体，所述工艺引导模块进行工艺引导的设置、拖拽作业在所述数据采集与监视控制***完成，并用于监控过程控制***工程的运行状态及参数调整；a data acquisition and monitoring control system, the data acquisition and monitoring control system is implemented as an implementation carrier of the process guiding module, and the process guiding module performs process guiding setting and dragging operation in the data acquisition and monitoring control system, And used to monitor the operating state and parameter adjustment of the process control system engineering;
    工艺解析模块，所述工艺解析模块用于控制器对所述工艺引导模块生成的数据进行解析，调度控制器内核的运行并实现用户工艺的过程控制；a process analysis module, wherein the process analysis module is configured to parse data generated by the process boot module, schedule operation of a controller core, and implement process control of a user process;
    接口驱动模块，所述接口驱动模块根据所述工艺解析模块的解析结果实现对***接口设备的驱动。An interface driving module, wherein the interface driving module drives the peripheral interface device according to the analysis result of the process analysis module.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，所述数据采集与监视控制***包含人机接口，所述人机接口用于用户工艺***运行状态的监控及参数的调整。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and monitoring control system comprises a human machine interface, and the human machine interface is used for monitoring and parameterizing the operating state of the user process system. Adjustment.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，所述工艺引导模块生成的数据包含***资源的数据、地址、属性，所述工艺解析模块自动完成数据集的解析，实现***资源的柔性分配及引用。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the data generated by the process guiding module includes data, an address, and an attribute of a system resource, and the process analysis module automatically completes parsing of the data set. Realize flexible allocation and reference of system resources.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，所述工艺解析模块通过对工艺引导模块生成的动态工艺配方的记录能够根据工艺的变化进行动态调度，调度规则通过特定的运算器进行描述，同时动态工艺配方记录的元素引用运行状态的工艺变化数据，为后续工艺的决策提供依据，记录元素数据变化规则由特定的运算器进行描述，该运算器对***内任意工艺元件进行逻辑运算。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the process analysis module dynamically records the dynamic process recipe generated by the process guiding module according to the process change, and the scheduling rule passes the specific The operator is described, and the elements of the dynamic process recipe record refer to the process change data of the running state, which provides a basis for the subsequent process decision. The record element data change rule is described by a specific operator, and the operator has any process in the system. The component performs logical operations.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，所述用户的工艺控制程序通过智能引导功能的数据代替，实现了***资源的柔性分配及引用，这些数据不同于控制程序，被所述工艺引导模块分配到不同的具有高度协调性的多个控制器中。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the user's process control program is replaced by data of the intelligent guiding function, thereby realizing flexible allocation and reference of system resources, and the data is different from the control. The program is distributed by the process boot module to a plurality of different highly coordinated controllers.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，所述工艺解析模块通过以太网接口将主控制器中的智能引导数据复制到冗余控制器中，从而实现了裸机冗余。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the process analysis module copies the intelligent boot data in the main controller to the redundant controller through an Ethernet interface, thereby realizing the bare metal machine. redundancy.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，所述工艺解析模块通过故障动态处理机制自动解析由工艺引导模块生成的具有因果关系的图表，该图表描述了故障的处理过程，用户控制***运行的不同进程，得到不同的故障处理结果，所述故障动态处理机制的规则通过特定的运算器进行描述。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the process analysis module automatically parses a causal relationship chart generated by the process guiding module by a fault dynamic processing mechanism, and the chart describes the faulty During the processing, the user controls different processes running by the system to obtain different fault processing results, and the rules of the fault dynamic processing mechanism are described by a specific operator.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，将所述工艺引导模块生成的运动轴的动作帧形成运动控制数据表预先下载到控制器中，对于运动控制数据表中相同数量的数据项，控制器每一时刻依靠控制器的一个硬件中断执行索引号相同的数据项，并且递增，实现了任意轴的等时同步。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the motion frame forming motion control data table generated by the process guiding module is pre-downloaded into the controller, and the motion control data table is In the same number of data items, the controller relies on a hardware interrupt of the controller to execute the same data item with the same index number, and increments, achieving isochronous synchronization of any axis.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业过程控制工艺引导***，其特征在于，所述控制器以及所有智能设备自主运行并且自动获取所需***资源，所有智能控制单元实现控制目标之后，实现了用户的控制任务，最终实现FCS***架构。The industrial process control process guiding system according to claim 1, wherein the controller and all the smart devices operate autonomously and automatically acquire required system resources, and after all intelligent control units implement the control target, the user is implemented. The control task ultimately leads to the implementation of the FCS system architecture.
PCT/CN2018/083410 2017-04-19 2018-04-17 Process guidance system for industrial process control WO2018192498A1 (en)

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