WO2018190083A1 - Emitter, and tube for drip irrigation - Google Patents

Emitter, and tube for drip irrigation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018190083A1
WO2018190083A1 PCT/JP2018/010943 JP2018010943W WO2018190083A1 WO 2018190083 A1 WO2018190083 A1 WO 2018190083A1 JP 2018010943 W JP2018010943 W JP 2018010943W WO 2018190083 A1 WO2018190083 A1 WO 2018190083A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
emitter
tube
irrigation liquid
recess
disposed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/010943
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大輔 守越
Original Assignee
株式会社エンプラス
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社エンプラス filed Critical 株式会社エンプラス
Publication of WO2018190083A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018190083A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A01G25/023—Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an emitter and a drip irrigation tube having the emitter.
  • Drip irrigation is known as one of the plant cultivation methods.
  • the drip irrigation method is a method in which a drip irrigation tube is arranged on or in the soil where plants are planted, and irrigation liquid such as water or liquid fertilizer is dropped from the drip irrigation tube to the soil.
  • irrigation liquid such as water or liquid fertilizer is dropped from the drip irrigation tube to the soil.
  • a drip irrigation tube is joined to a tube having a plurality of through holes and a plurality of emitters (“drippers”) that are bonded to the inner wall surface of the tube and quantitatively discharge irrigation liquid from each through hole.
  • the irrigation liquid is sent into the tube by a pump, for example, and is discharged out of the tube through the through hole via the emitter.
  • the emitter described in Patent Document 1 includes a first member, a second member, and a film member disposed between the first member and the second member.
  • the first member has a water intake for taking in the irrigation liquid into the emitter, and a wall portion arranged to surround the water intake inside the first member.
  • the second member has a discharge port for discharging the irrigation liquid out of the emitter.
  • the water intake is blocked by the membrane member coming into contact with the wall portion.
  • the membrane member closing the intake port is pressed by the irrigation liquid and deformed.
  • the irrigation liquid flows into the emitter through a gap formed between the membrane member and the wall due to the deformation of the membrane member.
  • the irrigation liquid in the tube is continuously discharged for a certain period of time.
  • the amount of irrigation liquid discharged from lower emitters is higher than the amount of irrigation liquid discharged from higher emitters .
  • the pressure in the tube at a high position becomes a negative pressure.
  • a fluid such as air or water containing fine soil from the outside of the tube may flow backward into the flow path of the emitter.
  • the back flow phenomenon of the fluid that may be caused by the negative pressure in the tube (hereinafter also referred to as “siphon phenomenon”) may contaminate the inside of the emitter or cause clogging.
  • the emitter described in Patent Document 1 when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube becomes less than a predetermined value after stopping the liquid feeding, the water intake is blocked by the membrane member. For this reason, generation
  • the emitter described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that if the pressure in the tube is too low, the water intake is blocked by the membrane member, and thus the irrigation liquid cannot be properly discharged.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an emitter and a drip irrigation tube that can suppress the occurrence of a siphon phenomenon and can appropriately discharge the irrigation liquid even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube is low. .
  • an emitter has a first surface and a second surface that are in a relationship of front and back, and communicates the inside and outside of the tube on the inner wall surface of the tube through which the irrigation liquid flows. And an emitter for quantitatively discharging the irrigation liquid in the tube from the discharge port to the outside of the tube, and disposed on the first surface.
  • a drip irrigation tube according to the present invention is joined to a tube having a discharge port for discharging irrigation liquid and a position corresponding to the discharge port on the inner wall surface of the tube. And an emitter according to the present invention.
  • the siphon phenomenon can be suppressed and the irrigation liquid can be appropriately discharged even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube is low.
  • 1A and 1B are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of the configuration of a drip irrigation tube according to an embodiment.
  • 2A to 2C are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter or emitter body according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the emitter according to the embodiment.
  • 4A to 4C are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of the flow rate reducing unit.
  • 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating an example of a configuration of an integrally molded product of a cover and a film according to the first modification.
  • 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating an example of a configuration of an integrally molded product of a cover and a film according to the second modification.
  • FIG. 1A and 1B are cross-sectional views showing an example of the configuration of a drip irrigation tube 100 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the drip irrigation tube 100 in the axial direction
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the drip irrigation tube 100 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the drip irrigation tube 100 includes a tube 110 and an emitter 120.
  • the tube 110 is a tube for flowing irrigation liquid.
  • the irrigation liquid is sent into the tube 110 using a pump, for example.
  • a plurality of discharge ports 112 for discharging the irrigation liquid to the outside of the tube 110 at a predetermined interval (for example, 200 to 500 mm) in the axial direction of the tube 110 are formed on the tube wall of the tube 110.
  • the diameter of the opening of the discharge port 112 is not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid can pass through. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the opening of the discharge port 112 is 1.5 mm.
  • Emitters 120 are respectively joined to the positions corresponding to the discharge ports 112 on the inner wall surface of the tube 110.
  • the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction of the tube 110 are not particularly limited as long as the emitter 120 can be disposed inside the tube 110.
  • the material of the tube 110 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the material of the tube 110 is polyethylene.
  • irrigation liquid examples include water, liquid fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, and a mixture thereof.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter 120 or the emitter body 121 according to the present embodiment.
  • 2A is a plan view of the emitter body 121
  • FIG. 2B is a plan view of the emitter 120
  • FIG. 2C is a bottom view of the emitter 120.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. 2B.
  • the emitter 120 is joined to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 so as to cover the discharge port 112.
  • the shape of the emitter 120 is not particularly limited as long as it can adhere to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 and cover the discharge port 112.
  • the shape of the back surface of the emitter 120 joined to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tube 110 is such that the inner wall surface of the tube 110 is aligned with the inner wall surface of the tube 110. It is a substantially circular arc shape convex toward.
  • the shape of the emitter 120 in plan view is a substantially rectangular shape with four corners rounded off.
  • the size of the emitter 120 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the length of the emitter 120 in the long side direction is 25 mm, the length in the short side direction is 8 mm, and the height is 2.5 mm.
  • the emitter 120 includes at least an emitter body 121, a film 122, and a cover 123. Details of the function of the emitter 120 will be described later.
  • the emitter body 121 (emitter 120) has a first surface 1211 and a second surface 1212 that are in a front-back relationship.
  • the first surface 1211 is located on the front surface side (irrigation liquid side) of the emitter 120
  • the second surface 1212 is located on the rear surface side (tube 110 side) of the emitter 120.
  • the emitter body 121 is appropriately formed with recesses, grooves, protrusions, and through-holes within a range where the effects of the present embodiment can be obtained.
  • at least a water intake recess 153, a flow rate reduction recess 161, and a backflow prevention recess 171 are formed on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121 (FIG. 2A). reference).
  • at least a first connection groove 131, a first decompression groove 132, a second connection groove 133, a second decompression groove 134, and a discharge recess 181 are formed on the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121 (see FIG. 2C).
  • the emitter body 121 may be formed of a flexible material, or may be formed of a rigid material. Examples of the material of the emitter body 121 include resin and rubber. Examples of the resin include polyethylene and silicone. The flexibility of the emitter body 121 can be adjusted by using a resin material having elasticity. Examples of the method for adjusting the flexibility of the emitter body 121 include selection of a resin having elasticity, adjustment of a mixing ratio of a resin material having elasticity with respect to a hard resin material, and the like. The emitter body 121 can be manufactured by injection molding, for example.
  • the film 122 is bonded to a part of the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121.
  • the film 122 is disposed on the emitter body 121 so as to close the opening of the flow rate reducing recess 161. That is, the film 122 is joined to the emitter main body 121 at a portion outside the opening.
  • the film 122 has flexibility and is deformed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid.
  • the shape and size of the film 122 can be appropriately set according to the shape and size of the emitter main body 121 and the shape and size of the opening of the flow rate reducing recess 161 formed in the emitter main body 121.
  • the thickness of the film 122 can be appropriately set according to the desired flexibility.
  • the film 122 is formed of a flexible resin material.
  • the material of the film 122 can be appropriately set according to the desired flexibility.
  • examples of the resin include polyethylene and silicone.
  • the flexibility of the film 122 can also be adjusted by using a resin material having elasticity.
  • An example of a method for adjusting the flexibility of the film 122 is the same as the method for adjusting the flexibility of the emitter body 121.
  • the film 122 can be manufactured by injection molding, for example.
  • the emitter body 121 and the film 122 may be integrated or separate.
  • the emitter main body 121 and the film 122 may be integrally formed via a hinge part.
  • the film 122 may be rotated about the hinge portion, and the film 122 may be joined to the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121.
  • the joining method of the emitter body 121 and the film 122 is not particularly limited. Examples of the joining method include welding of a resin material, adhesion with an adhesive, and the like.
  • the hinge portion may be cut after the emitter body 121 and the film 122 are joined.
  • the cover 123 is joined to a part of the first surface 1211 of the emitter 121 main body.
  • the cover 123 is disposed on the emitter body 121 so as to close the opening of the backflow preventing recess 171. That is, the cover 123 is joined to the emitter body 121 at a portion outside the opening.
  • the shape and size of the cover 123 can be appropriately set according to the shape and size of the emitter body 121, the shape and size of the opening of the backflow prevention recess 171 formed in the emitter body 121, and the like.
  • a protrusion 124 is formed on one surface of the cover 123.
  • the ridges 124 are arranged so as to protrude toward the backflow prevention recess 171 formed in the emitter body 121. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the ridge 124 is disposed in the cover 123 at a position corresponding to the ridge 172 disposed on the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the protrusion 124 is disposed in the recess 172 so as to be separated from the inner surface of the recess 172, and extends along the recess 172. In other words, the ridge 124 extends along a direction transverse to the flow direction of the irrigation liquid.
  • a gap is formed between the ridge 124 and the recess 172. The gap constitutes a part of the channel through which the irrigation liquid can move.
  • a liquid (sealed water) for blocking the channel in the middle can be accommodated between the ridges 124 and the ridges 172.
  • the position, shape, size, and number of the ridges 124 are not particularly limited as long as sealed water can be accommodated between the ridges 124 and the recesses 172, and is appropriately set according to the shape and size of the recesses 172. Can be done.
  • Examples of the shape of the ridge 124 include a cylindrical shape and a rectangular tube shape.
  • the shape of the ridge 124 is a cylindrical shape.
  • the number of ridges 124 is two. The two ridges 124 are arranged concentrically.
  • the cover 123 may be formed of a flexible material or may be formed of a rigid material.
  • the material of the cover 123 include resin, rubber, and metal. Examples of the resin include polyethylene and silicone.
  • the flexibility of the cover 123 is the same as the method for adjusting the flexibility of the emitter body 121.
  • the cover 123 can be manufactured by injection molding, for example. From the viewpoint of suppressing the deformation of the cover 123 due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid and keeping the size of the gap (part of the flow path) between the ridge 124 and the ridge 172 constant, the cover 123 is It is preferable to be made of a material having rigidity. In the present embodiment, cover 123 is formed of a material having rigidity.
  • the “material having rigidity” means a material having a rigidity such that a member formed of the material is not deformed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid.
  • the material means a material having such a rigidity that the distance between the ridges 124 and the ridges 172 is not substantially changed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid. To do.
  • the emitter body 121 and the cover 123 may be integrated or separate.
  • An example of a method for joining the emitter body 121 and the cover 123 is the same as an example of a method for joining the emitter body 121 and the film 122.
  • the film 122 and the cover 123 may be integrated (see modified examples 1 and 2 described later) or may be separate. When the film 122 and the cover 123 are integral, the film 122 and the cover 123 are both flexible. In the present embodiment, the film 122 and the cover 123 are separate bodies. From the viewpoint of imparting rigidity to the cover 123, the film 122 and the cover 123 are preferably separate.
  • the drip irrigation tube 100 is manufactured by joining the back surface of the emitter 120 to the inner wall surface of the tube 110.
  • the method for joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120 is not particularly limited. Examples of the bonding method include welding of a resin material constituting the emitter 120 or the tube 110, bonding with an adhesive, and the like.
  • the discharge port 112 is formed after the tube 110 and the emitter 120 are joined, but may be formed before joining.
  • the emitter 120 includes a water intake unit 150, a first connection channel 141, a first decompression channel 142, a second connection channel 143, a second decompression channel 144, a flow rate reduction unit 160, a backflow prevention unit 170, and a discharge unit 180.
  • the water intake unit 150, the flow rate reduction unit 160, and the backflow prevention unit 170 are disposed on the surface of the emitter 120 (the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121). Further, the first connection channel 141, the first decompression channel 142, the second connection channel 143, the second decompression channel 144, and the discharge unit 180 are provided on the back surface of the emitter 120 (the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121). Has been placed.
  • the water intake unit 150 By connecting the emitter 120 and the tube 110 to each other, the water intake unit 150, the first connection channel 141, the first decompression channel 142, the second connection channel 143, the second decompression channel 144, the flow rate reduction unit 160, A backflow prevention unit 170 and a discharge unit 180 are formed.
  • a flow path that connects the water intake unit 150 and the discharge unit 180 is also formed. The flow channel distributes the irrigation liquid from the water intake unit 150 to the discharge unit 180.
  • the water intake unit 150 takes the irrigation liquid into the emitter 120.
  • the water intake 150 is disposed in a region that is approximately half of the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B).
  • the water intake unit 150 includes a water intake side screen unit 151 and a water intake through hole 152.
  • the water intake side screen unit 151 prevents the suspended matter in the irrigation liquid taken into the emitter 120 from entering the emitter 120.
  • the water intake side screen portion 151 is open to the inside of the tube 110 and has a water intake recess 153, a plurality of slits 154, and a plurality of screen ridges 155.
  • the water intake recess 153 is a recess formed in a region where the film 122 is not joined on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121.
  • the depth of the water intake recess 153 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the size of the emitter 120.
  • a plurality of slits 154 are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the water intake recess 153, and a plurality of screen ridges 155 are formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153.
  • a water intake through hole 152 is formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153.
  • the plurality of slits 154 connect the inner surface of the water intake recess 153 and the outer surface of the emitter body 121, while taking the irrigation liquid from the side surface of the emitter body 121 into the water recess 153. Is prevented from entering the water intake recess 153.
  • the shape of the slit 154 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the shape of the slit 154 is formed such that the width increases from the outer surface of the emitter body 121 toward the inner surface of the water intake recess 153 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). Thus, since the slit 154 is configured to have a so-called wedge wire structure, the pressure loss of the irrigation liquid flowing into the water intake recess 153 is suppressed.
  • the plurality of screen ridges 155 are arranged on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153.
  • the arrangement and number of the screen ridges 155 are not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid can be taken in from the opening side of the water intake recess 153 and the intrusion of suspended matter in the irrigation liquid can be prevented.
  • the plurality of screen ridges 155 are arranged such that the major axis direction of the screen ridges 155 is along the minor axis direction of the emitter 120. Further, the screen protrusion 155 is formed so that the width decreases from the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121 toward the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153.
  • the space between the adjacent screen ridges 155 has a so-called wedge wire structure.
  • line parts 155 for screens will not be specifically limited if the above-mentioned function can be exhibited.
  • the space between the adjacent screen ridges 155 is configured to have a so-called wedge wire structure, so that the pressure loss of the irrigation liquid flowing into the water intake recess 153 is suppressed.
  • the water intake through hole 152 is formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153.
  • the shape and number of the water intake through holes 152 are not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid taken into the water intake recess 153 can be taken into the emitter body 121.
  • the water intake through hole 152 is a single long hole formed along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. Since this long hole is partially covered with the plurality of screen ridges 155, the water intake through hole 152 is divided into a large number of through holes when viewed from the first surface 1211 side. appear.
  • the irrigation liquid that has flowed through the tube 110 is taken into the emitter main body 121 while the water intake side screen portion 151 prevents floating substances from entering the water intake recess 153.
  • the first connection flow path 141 (first connection groove 131) is disposed in the flow path, and includes the water intake section 150 (water intake through hole 152) and the first pressure reduction flow path 142 (first pressure reduction groove 132). Connecting.
  • the first connection channel 141 (first connection groove 131) is linearly arranged along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge portion of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121.
  • the first connection channel 141 is formed by the first connection groove 131 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110.
  • the irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake unit 150 flows through the first connection channel 141 to the first decompression channel 142.
  • the first decompression flow path 142 (first decompression groove 132) is disposed downstream of the first connection flow path 141 in the flow path, and is connected to the first connection flow path 141 (first connection groove 131) and the second connection flow.
  • the path 143 (second connection groove 133) is connected.
  • the first reduced pressure channel 142 reduces the pressure of the irrigation liquid introduced from the water intake unit 150 and guides it to the second connection channel 143.
  • the first decompression flow path 142 (first decompression groove 132) is linearly disposed along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge portion of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121.
  • the upstream end of the first decompression flow path 142 is connected to the first connection flow path 141, and the downstream end of the first decompression flow path 142 is connected to the upstream end of the second connection flow path 143. ing.
  • the shape of the first decompression groove 132 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited.
  • the plan view shape of the first decompression groove 132 is a zigzag shape.
  • first triangular protrusions 1361 having a substantially triangular prism shape protruding from the inner surface are alternately arranged along the direction in which the irrigation liquid flows.
  • the first convex portion 1361 is disposed so that the tip does not exceed the central axis of the first decompression groove 132 when viewed in plan.
  • the second connection channel 143 (second connection groove 133) is disposed downstream of the first decompression channel 142 in the channel, and the first decompression channel 142 (first decompression groove 132) and the second decompression channel
  • the flow path 144 (second decompression groove 134) is connected.
  • the second connection channel 143 is formed linearly along the minor axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121.
  • the second connection channel 143 is formed by the second connection groove 133 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110.
  • the irrigation liquid that has been taken in from the water intake unit 150, led to the first connection channel 141, and decompressed in the first decompression channel 142 is guided to the second decompression channel 144 through the second connection channel 143. It is burned.
  • the second decompression flow path 144 (second decompression groove 134) is disposed downstream of the second connection flow path 143 in the flow path, and includes a second connection groove 133 (second connection flow path 143) and a flow rate reduction unit. 160 is connected.
  • the second decompression flow path 144 reduces the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing from the second connection flow path 143 and guides it to the flow rate reduction unit 160.
  • the second decompression flow path 144 (second decompression groove 134) is disposed along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge portion of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121.
  • the upstream end of the second decompression groove 134 is connected to the downstream end of the second connection groove 133, and the downstream end of the second decompression flow path 144 is connected to the first connection through hole 164 of the flow rate reducing unit 160. .
  • the shape of the second decompression groove 134 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited.
  • the plan view shape of the second decompression groove 134 is a zigzag shape similar to the shape of the first decompression groove 132.
  • substantially triangular prism-shaped second protrusions 1362 protruding from the inner surface are alternately arranged along the direction in which the irrigation liquid flows.
  • the second convex portion 1362 is arranged so that the tip does not exceed the central axis of the second decompression groove 134 when viewed in plan.
  • the flow rate reduction unit 160 is disposed upstream of the backflow prevention unit 170 and downstream of the second decompression flow channel 144 in the flow path, and is disposed on the surface side of the emitter 120.
  • the flow rate reduction unit 160 sends the irrigation liquid to the backflow prevention unit 170 while reducing the flow rate of the irrigation liquid according to the deformation of the film 122 due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110.
  • the flow rate reducing portion 160 includes a flow rate reducing recess 161, a valve seat portion 162, a communication groove 163, a first connection through hole 164, a second connection through hole 165, and a diaphragm portion 166.
  • the flow rate reducing recess 161 is disposed on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121.
  • the plan view shape of the flow rate reducing recess 161 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a substantially circular shape.
  • the depth of the flow rate reducing recess 161 is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or greater than the depth of the communication groove 163.
  • a first connection through hole 164 and a second connection through hole 165 are open on the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161. In the present embodiment, the first connection through hole 164 and the second connection through hole 165 are open to the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • the valve seat 162 is arranged on the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • the valve seat portion 162 is disposed in a non-contact manner so as to face the diaphragm portion 166 so as to surround the opening portion of the second connection through hole 165.
  • the valve seat 162 is configured so that the diaphragm 166 can be in close contact when the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube 110 exceeds a set value.
  • valve seat portion 162 is not particularly limited as long as the above-described function can be exhibited.
  • the valve seat portion 162 is a cylindrical convex portion.
  • the height of the end surface of the convex portion from the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing concave portion 161 decreases from the inside toward the outside.
  • the communication groove 163 communicates the inside of the flow rate reducing recess 161 with the second connection through hole 165 surrounded by the valve seat 162.
  • the communication groove 163 is disposed on a part of the surface of the valve seat portion 162 to which the diaphragm portion 166 can come into close contact.
  • the first connection through-hole 164 communicates with the upstream side of the flow path at the flow rate reducing portion 160.
  • the first connection through hole 164 communicates with the second reduced pressure channel 144 (second reduced pressure groove 134).
  • the first connection through hole 164 is disposed on the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • the first connection through hole 164 is disposed, for example, on the bottom or side surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • the first connection through-hole 164 is disposed in a region where the valve seat 162 is not disposed on the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • the second connection through-hole 165 communicates with the downstream side of the flow path in the flow rate reduction unit 160.
  • the second connection through hole 165 communicates with the backflow prevention unit 170.
  • the second connection through-hole 165 is disposed on the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • the second connection through hole 165 is disposed on the bottom surface or the side surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161, for example.
  • the second connection through-hole 165 is disposed at the central portion of the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • first connection through holes 164 and the second connection through holes 165 are not limited to the form of the present embodiment.
  • a second connection through hole 165 may be disposed outside the valve seat portion 162.
  • the first connection through hole 164 may be disposed so as to be surrounded by the valve seat portion 162.
  • the diaphragm portion 166 is a part of the film 122.
  • the diaphragm portion 166 is disposed so as to block communication between the inside of the flow rate reducing recess 161 and the inside of the tube 110 and close the opening of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
  • the diaphragm portion 166 has flexibility and deforms so as to contact the valve seat portion 162 in accordance with the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. For example, the diaphragm portion 166 is distorted to the flow rate reducing recess 161 side when the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing in the tube 110 exceeds a set value.
  • the diaphragm portion 166 deforms toward the valve seat portion 162 as the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, and eventually comes into contact with the valve seat portion 162. Even when the diaphragm portion 166 is in close contact with the valve seat portion 162, the diaphragm portion 166 does not block the first connection through hole 164, the second connection through hole 165, and the communication groove 163. The irrigation liquid from the connection through hole 164 can be sent to the backflow prevention unit 170 through the communication groove 163 and the second connection through hole 165.
  • the backflow prevention unit 170 is disposed downstream of the flow rate adjustment unit 160 and upstream of the discharge unit 180 in the flow path, and is disposed on the surface side of the emitter 120.
  • the backflow prevention unit 170 sends the irrigation liquid to the discharge unit 180 and prevents the fluid that flows back from the discharge unit 180 to the flow path when the liquid supply is stopped from flowing upstream of the backflow prevention unit 170.
  • the part 170 is arrange
  • the backflow prevention unit 170 includes a backflow prevention recess 171, a recess 172, a third connection through-hole 173 (referred to as “first through-hole” in the claims), a fourth It has a connecting through-hole 174 (referred to as “second through-hole” in the claims), a sealed water accommodating portion 175, and a ridge 124.
  • the backflow preventing recess 171 is disposed on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121.
  • the shape in plan view of the recess 171 for preventing backflow is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a substantially circular shape.
  • the depth of the backflow preventing recess 171 is not particularly limited.
  • a third connection through hole 173, a fourth connection through hole 174, and a recess 172 are open on the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the third connection through hole 173, the fourth connection through hole 174, and the recess 172 are open to the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the concave stripe 172 opens at the bottom surface of the flow path and extends along a direction transverse to the flow direction of the irrigation liquid.
  • the concave strip 172 is disposed on the bottom surface of the backflow preventing concave portion 171 so as to open toward the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121. That is, the recess 172 has a bottom on the second surface 1212 side of the emitter body 121.
  • the recess 172 is disposed so as to surround the opening of the fourth connection through-hole 174. As described above, the recess 172 is disposed such that the outer surface of the protrusion 124 and the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171 are separated from each other.
  • the recess 172 is disposed so that a gap is formed between the recess 172 and the protrusion 124. Thereby, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid flowing from the flow rate reducing recess 161 to the discharge unit 180 can be ensured.
  • the position, shape, size, and number of the concave stripes 172 are not particularly limited as long as sealed water can be accommodated between the convex stripes 124 and the concave stripes 172, and is appropriately set according to the shape and size of the convex stripes 124. Can be done.
  • Examples of the shape of the recess 172 include a cylindrical shape and a rectangular tube shape.
  • the recess 172 is a cylindrical recess.
  • the number of concave stripes 172 is two. The two concave stripes 172 are arranged concentrically.
  • the third connection through-hole 173 communicates with the upstream side of the flow path in the backflow prevention unit 170.
  • the third connection through hole 173 communicates with the flow rate reducing unit 160.
  • the third connection through hole 173 is disposed on the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the third connection through-hole 173 is disposed, for example, on the bottom surface or side surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the third connection through hole 173 is disposed on the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the fourth connection through-hole 174 communicates with the downstream side of the flow path in the backflow prevention unit 170.
  • the fourth connection through-hole 174 communicates with the discharge unit 180.
  • the fourth connection through hole 174 is disposed on the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the fourth connection through-hole 174 is disposed, for example, on the bottom or side surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the fourth connection through-hole 174 is disposed at the center of the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
  • the positions of the third connection through hole 173 and the fourth connection through hole 174 are not limited to those of the present embodiment.
  • the third connection through hole 173 may be disposed so as to be surrounded by the recess 172 instead of the fourth connection through hole 174.
  • the convex stripe 124 is a part of the cover 123 and is disposed in the concave stripe 172 so as to be separated from the inner surface of the concave stripe 172.
  • the interval (shortest distance) between the ridges 124 and the ridges 172 only needs to ensure the flow rate of the irrigation liquid to the discharge unit 180 and can accommodate a sufficient amount of sealed water.
  • the interval can be appropriately changed according to the size of the emitter 120, the desired flow rate of the irrigation liquid, and the like.
  • the sealed water storage unit 175 stores sealed water.
  • the sealed water accommodating portion 175 is constituted by the concave stripes 172 and the convex stripes 124.
  • the ridge 124 is disposed in the recess 172 so as to be separated from the inner surface of the recess 172.
  • the liquid is accommodated between the concave stripe 172 and the convex stripe 124 so as to interrupt the flow path in the middle.
  • the discharge unit 180 discharges the irrigation liquid to the outside of the emitter 120.
  • the discharge unit 180 is disposed on the second surface 1212 side of the emitter body 121 so as to face the discharge port 112 of the tube 110.
  • the discharge unit 180 sends the irrigation liquid in the emitter 120 to the discharge port 112 of the tube 110. Accordingly, the discharge unit 180 can discharge the irrigation liquid to the outside of the emitter 120.
  • the structure of the discharge part 180 will not be specifically limited if the above-mentioned function can be exhibited.
  • the discharge unit 180 includes a discharge recess 181 and an intrusion prevention unit 182.
  • the discharge recess 181 is disposed on the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121.
  • the shape of the discharge recess 181 in plan view is a substantially rectangular shape.
  • a fourth connection through hole 174 and an intrusion prevention portion 182 are disposed on the bottom surface of the discharge recess 181.
  • the intrusion prevention unit 182 prevents intrusion of foreign matter from the discharge port 112.
  • the intrusion prevention unit 182 is not particularly limited as long as it can perform the above-described function.
  • intrusion prevention unit 182 is four convex portions arranged adjacent to each other. The four convex portions are arranged so as to be positioned between the fourth connection through hole 174 and the discharge port 112 when the emitter 120 is joined to the tube 110.
  • irrigation liquid is fed into the tube 110.
  • the pressure of the irrigation liquid fed to the drip irrigation tube 100 is preferably 0.1 MPa or less so that the drip irrigation method can be easily introduced and the tube 110 and the emitter 120 are prevented from being damaged.
  • the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is taken into the emitter 120 from the water intake unit 150.
  • the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 enters the water intake recess 153 through the slit 154 or the gap between the screen protrusions 155 and passes through the water intake through hole 152.
  • the water intake part 150 has the water intake side screen part 151 (gap between the slit 154 and the projection ridge part 155), it is possible to remove the suspended matter in the irrigation liquid.
  • the so-called wedge wire structure is formed in the water intake part 150, the pressure loss of the irrigation liquid flowing into the water intake part 150 is suppressed.
  • the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake unit 150 reaches the first connection channel 141.
  • the irrigation liquid that has reached the first connection channel 141 passes through the first decompression channel 142 and reaches the second connection channel 143.
  • the irrigation liquid that has reached the second connection channel 143 flows into the second decompression channel 144.
  • the irrigation liquid that has flowed into the second reduced pressure channel 144 flows into the flow rate reduction unit 160 through the first connection through hole 164.
  • the irrigation liquid that has flowed into the flow rate reduction unit 160 flows into the backflow prevention unit 170 through the second connection through hole 165 and the third connection through hole 173.
  • the irrigation liquid that has flowed into the backflow prevention unit 170 flows into the discharge unit 180 through the fourth connection through hole 174.
  • the irrigation liquid that has flowed into the discharge unit 180 is discharged out of the tube 110 from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110.
  • FIG. 4A to 4C are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of the flow rate reducing unit 160.
  • FIG. 4A to 4C are partially enlarged sectional views taken along line AA shown in FIG. 2B.
  • 4A is a cross-sectional view when the irrigation liquid is not supplied to the tube 110
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is the first pressure.
  • FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is the second pressure exceeding the first pressure.
  • the flow rate of the irrigation liquid is controlled by deforming the diaphragm unit 166 so as to be distorted toward the flow rate reduction concave portion 161 according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110.
  • the cover 123 is made of a rigid material, it is not deformed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid.
  • the pressure of the irrigation liquid is not applied to the film 122, so the diaphragm portion 166 is not deformed (see FIG. 4A).
  • the diaphragm portion 166 starts to deform (see FIG. 4B). However, when the diaphragm portion 166 is not in contact with the valve seat portion 162, the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake portion 150 passes through the flow path in the emitter 120 to the outside from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110. Discharged. As described above, when the irrigation liquid is started to be fed into the tube 110 or when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is lower than a predetermined pressure, the irrigation introduced into the emitter 120 from the water intake unit 150. The working liquid is discharged outside through the flow path.
  • the diaphragm portion 166 is further deformed toward the valve seat portion 162.
  • the first pressure reduction flow path 142 and the second pressure reduction liquid are increased.
  • the diaphragm portion 166 contacts the valve seat portion 162 (see FIG. 4C). Even in this case, the diaphragm portion 166 does not block the first connection through-hole 164, the second connection through-hole 165, and the communication groove 163. Therefore, the irrigation liquid introduced from the water intake portion 150 is not connected to the communication groove. Through 163, the liquid is discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 to the outside.
  • the flow reduction unit 160 makes the irrigation liquid flowing through the flow path when the diaphragm unit 166 contacts the valve seat 162. Suppresses increase in liquid volume.
  • the flow rate reducing unit 160 adjusts the flow rate of the irrigation liquid discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 in accordance with the deformation of the film 122 due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. For this reason, the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the present embodiment can discharge a certain amount of irrigation liquid out of the tube 110 regardless of whether the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low or high.
  • the emitter 120 includes a backflow prevention unit 170 including a sealed water storage unit 175.
  • a backflow prevention unit 170 including a sealed water storage unit 175.
  • the irrigation liquid is accommodated in the sealed water storage portion 175 as sealed water.
  • the upstream flow path of the sealed water storage part 175 and the downstream flow path of the sealed water storage part 175 are blocked by sealed water.
  • a fluid such as air or water containing fine soil existing outside the tube 110 from flowing upstream of the sealed water storage portion 175.
  • the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment has the sealed water storage portion 175 for storing sealed water.
  • the emitter 120 can suppress the occurrence of the siphon phenomenon and can appropriately discharge the irrigation liquid even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is low. Therefore, according to the drip irrigation tube 100 having the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of clogging of the flow path due to the siphon phenomenon even in a place where there is a height difference, and Even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low, the irrigation liquid can be quantitatively discharged.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing an example of a configuration of a cover and film integral molding 125a according to Modification 1.
  • FIG. 5A is a bottom view of the integrally molded product 125a according to Modification 1
  • FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 5A.
  • 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating an example of a configuration of an integrally formed product 125b of a cover and a film according to the second modification.
  • 6A is a bottom view of the integrally molded product 125b according to Modification 2
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6A.
  • the integrally molded products 125a and 125b have ridges 124 and a diaphragm 166 that are arranged adjacent to each other. Further, the size and the external appearance shape of the integrally molded products 125 a and 125 b can be appropriately changed according to the size of the emitter body 121.
  • the externally shaped shape of the integrally molded product 125a may be a rectangular shape, and the externally visible shape of the integrally molded product 125b may be an oval shape.
  • row 172 which comprise the sealed water accommodating part 175 was demonstrated to each cylindrical shape, the protruding item
  • Each of the shapes may be a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the recess 172 is not disposed so as to surround the opening of the fourth connection through hole 174, and is disposed so that both ends of the recess 172 are connected to the side wall surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. ing.
  • the recess 172 is open to the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171 and the opening of the third connection through hole 173 and the fourth connection through hole. It arrange
  • the emitter and the drip irrigation tube according to the present invention are not limited to the emitter 120 and the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the above-described embodiment.
  • the emitter includes the first decompression channel 142 and the second decompression tube.
  • the flow path 144 and the flow rate adjustment unit 160 may not be provided.
  • the emitter is constituted by at least an emitter body and a cover.
  • the 1st connection flow path 141, the 1st pressure reduction flow path 142, the 2nd connection flow path 143, and the 2nd pressure reduction flow path 144 are formed by joining the emitter 120 and the tube 110.
  • the first connection channel 141, the first decompression channel 142, the second connection channel 143, and the second decompression channel 144 may be formed in the emitter 120 in advance as channels. Good.
  • the emitter according to the present invention it is possible to suppress the occurrence of clogging caused by the backflow of the fluid outside the tube to the flow path even in a place with a height difference. Therefore, further development of drip irrigation is expected.
  • Tube for drip irrigation 110
  • Tube 112 Discharge port 120
  • Emitter 121
  • Emitter body 1211
  • First pressure reduction groove 133
  • Second connection Groove 134
  • Second decompression groove 1361
  • First convex part 1362 Second convex part
  • First connection flow path 142
  • First decompression flow path 143
  • Second connection flow path 144
  • Second decompression flow path 150
  • Water intake part 151
  • Water intake side screen part 152
  • Water intake Through-hole 153
  • Water intake recess 154
  • Slit Screen protrusion
  • Flow reduction portion 161
  • Flow reduction recess 162 Valve seat portion 163
  • Communication groove 164
  • First connection through-hole 165
  • Second connection through-hole 166
  • Backflow Prevention part 171
  • Backflow prevention concave part 172
  • Third connection through-hole 174
  • Fourth connection through-hole 175
  • Sealed water storage portion 180
  • Discharge reces 18

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

This emitter is provided with a water intake part, a discharge part, a flow path, and a sealing water accommodation part. The water intake part takes in an irrigation liquid. The discharge part discharges the irrigation liquid. The flow path connects the water intake part and the discharge part, and circulates the irrigation liquid. The sealing water accommodation part is provided to the flow path, and accommodates sealing water.

Description

エミッタおよび点滴灌漑用チューブEmitter and drip irrigation tubes
　本発明は、エミッタおよび当該エミッタを有する点滴灌漑用チューブに関する。 The present invention relates to an emitter and a drip irrigation tube having the emitter.
　植物の栽培方法の一つとして点滴灌漑法が知られている。点滴灌漑法とは、植物が植えられている土壌上または土壌中に点滴灌漑用チューブを配置し、点滴灌漑用チューブから土壌へ、水や液体肥料などの灌漑用液体を滴下する方法である。点滴灌漑法の利点の１つは、灌漑用液体の消費量を最小限に抑えられることである。 Drip irrigation is known as one of the plant cultivation methods. The drip irrigation method is a method in which a drip irrigation tube is arranged on or in the soil where plants are planted, and irrigation liquid such as water or liquid fertilizer is dropped from the drip irrigation tube to the soil. One advantage of the drip irrigation method is that the consumption of irrigation liquid can be minimized.
　点滴灌漑用チューブには、複数の貫通孔が形成されたチューブと、当該チューブの内壁面に接合され、各貫通孔から灌漑用液体を定量的に吐出するための複数のエミッタ（「ドリッパ」ともいう）とを有する（例えば、特許文献１参照）。灌漑用液体は、例えば、ポンプによってチューブ内に送られ、上記エミッタを経由して上記貫通孔から上記チューブ外に吐出される。 A drip irrigation tube is joined to a tube having a plurality of through holes and a plurality of emitters (“drippers”) that are bonded to the inner wall surface of the tube and quantitatively discharge irrigation liquid from each through hole. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). The irrigation liquid is sent into the tube by a pump, for example, and is discharged out of the tube through the through hole via the emitter.
　特許文献１に記載のエミッタは、第１部材と、第２部材と、当該第１部材および当該第２部材の間に配置されている膜部材とを有する。第１部材は、灌漑用液体をエミッタ内に取り入れるための取水口と、第１部材の内側において当該取水口を取り囲むように配置された壁部とを有する。第２部材は、灌漑用液体をエミッタ外に排出するための排出口を有する。第１部材、膜部材および第２部材をこの順番で積層することによって、第１部材および膜部材の間と、第２部材および膜部材の間とに、流灌漑用液体が移動できる流路が形成される。膜部材には、取水口からエミッタ内に取り入れられた液体が、第１部材および膜部材の間の流路から、第２部材および膜部材の間の流路に移動するための貫通孔が形成されている。 The emitter described in Patent Document 1 includes a first member, a second member, and a film member disposed between the first member and the second member. The first member has a water intake for taking in the irrigation liquid into the emitter, and a wall portion arranged to surround the water intake inside the first member. The second member has a discharge port for discharging the irrigation liquid out of the emitter. By laminating the first member, the membrane member, and the second member in this order, there is a flow path through which the flow irrigation liquid can move between the first member and the membrane member and between the second member and the membrane member. It is formed. A through hole is formed in the membrane member for the liquid taken into the emitter from the water intake port to move from the flow path between the first member and the membrane member to the flow path between the second member and the membrane member. Has been.
　また、特許文献１に記載のエミッタでは、膜部材が壁部に接触することによって取水口が閉塞される。当該エミッタでは、チューブ内の灌漑用液体の圧力が所定値以上となった場合に、取水口を閉塞している膜部材が灌漑用液体により押圧されて変形する。灌漑用液体は、膜部材の変形によって膜部材および壁部の間に生じた隙間を介してエミッタ内に流入する。 Further, in the emitter described in Patent Document 1, the water intake is blocked by the membrane member coming into contact with the wall portion. In the emitter, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the membrane member closing the intake port is pressed by the irrigation liquid and deformed. The irrigation liquid flows into the emitter through a gap formed between the membrane member and the wall due to the deformation of the membrane member.
特開２０１０－０４６０９４号公報JP 2010-046094 A
　一般に、チューブ内への送液を停止した後も、チューブ内の灌漑用液体は、ある程度の時間継続してチューブ外に吐出される。点滴灌漑用チューブが高低差のある場所に配置されている場合、高い位置におけるエミッタからの灌漑用液体の吐出量と比較して、より低い位置におけるエミッタからの灌漑用液体の吐出量はより多い。結果として、高い位置におけるチューブ内の圧力は、陰圧になる。これにより、チューブ外から細かい土を含んだ空気や水などの流体が、エミッタの流路に逆流することがある。このように、チューブ内の陰圧に起因して生じうる流体の逆流現象（以下、「サイフォン現象」ともいう）によって、エミッタ内が汚染されたり、目詰まりが生じたりすることがある。 Generally, even after the liquid feeding into the tube is stopped, the irrigation liquid in the tube is continuously discharged for a certain period of time. When drip irrigation tubes are placed at different elevations, the amount of irrigation liquid discharged from lower emitters is higher than the amount of irrigation liquid discharged from higher emitters . As a result, the pressure in the tube at a high position becomes a negative pressure. As a result, a fluid such as air or water containing fine soil from the outside of the tube may flow backward into the flow path of the emitter. As described above, the back flow phenomenon of the fluid that may be caused by the negative pressure in the tube (hereinafter also referred to as “siphon phenomenon”) may contaminate the inside of the emitter or cause clogging.
　一方で、特許文献１に記載のエミッタでは、送液を停止した後にチューブ内の灌漑用液体の圧力が所定値未満となった場合、上記取水口は、上記膜部材により閉塞される。このため、サイフォン現象の発生が抑制されうる。しかしながら、特許文献１に記載のエミッタでは、チューブ内の圧力が低すぎると、上記取水口が上記膜部材により閉塞されるため、灌漑用液体を適切に吐出できないという問題がある。 On the other hand, in the emitter described in Patent Document 1, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube becomes less than a predetermined value after stopping the liquid feeding, the water intake is blocked by the membrane member. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of a siphon phenomenon can be suppressed. However, the emitter described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that if the pressure in the tube is too low, the water intake is blocked by the membrane member, and thus the irrigation liquid cannot be properly discharged.
　本発明の目的は、サイフォン現象の発生を抑制できるとともに、チューブ内の灌漑用液体の圧力が低くても適切に灌漑用液体を吐出することができるエミッタおよび点滴灌漑用チューブを提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide an emitter and a drip irrigation tube that can suppress the occurrence of a siphon phenomenon and can appropriately discharge the irrigation liquid even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube is low. .
　上記の課題を解決するため、本発明に係るエミッタは、互いに表裏の関係にある第１面および第２面を有し、灌漑用液体を流通させるチューブの内壁面において、前記チューブの内外を連通する吐出口に対応する位置に接合され、前記チューブ内の前記灌漑用液体を前記吐出口から定量的に前記チューブ外に吐出するためのエミッタであって、前記第１面に配置され、前記灌漑用液体を取り入れるための取水部と、前記第２面に配置され、前記灌漑用液体を吐出するための吐出部と、前記取水部および前記吐出部を繋ぎ、前記灌漑用液体を流通させるための流路と、前記流路に配置されており、封水を収容するための封水収容部と、を有する。 In order to solve the above-described problems, an emitter according to the present invention has a first surface and a second surface that are in a relationship of front and back, and communicates the inside and outside of the tube on the inner wall surface of the tube through which the irrigation liquid flows. And an emitter for quantitatively discharging the irrigation liquid in the tube from the discharge port to the outside of the tube, and disposed on the first surface. A water intake part for taking in the liquid for irrigation, a discharge part arranged on the second surface for discharging the irrigation liquid, and connecting the water intake part and the discharge part to distribute the irrigation liquid It has a flow path and a sealed water storage part that is disposed in the flow path and stores sealed water.
　上記の課題を解決するため、本発明に係る点滴灌漑用チューブは、灌漑用液体を吐出するための吐出口を有するチューブと、前記チューブの内壁面の前記吐出口に対応する位置に接合された、本発明に係るエミッタと、を有する。 In order to solve the above problems, a drip irrigation tube according to the present invention is joined to a tube having a discharge port for discharging irrigation liquid and a position corresponding to the discharge port on the inner wall surface of the tube. And an emitter according to the present invention.
　本発明に係るエミッタおよび点滴灌漑用チューブによれば、サイフォン現象の発生を抑制できるとともに、チューブ内の灌漑用液体の圧力が低くても適切に灌漑用液体を吐出することができる。 According to the emitter and the drip irrigation tube according to the present invention, the siphon phenomenon can be suppressed and the irrigation liquid can be appropriately discharged even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube is low.
図１Ａ、Ｂは、実施の形態に係る点滴灌漑用チューブの構成の一例を示す断面図である。1A and 1B are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of the configuration of a drip irrigation tube according to an embodiment. 図２Ａ～Ｃは、実施の形態に係るエミッタまたはエミッタ本体の構成を示す図である。2A to 2C are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter or emitter body according to the embodiment. 図３は、実施の形態に係るエミッタの構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the emitter according to the embodiment. 図４Ａ～Ｃは、流量減少部の動作について説明するための断面模式図である。4A to 4C are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of the flow rate reducing unit. 図５Ａ、Ｂは、変形例１に係るカバーおよびフィルムの一体成型物の構成の一例を示す図である。5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating an example of a configuration of an integrally molded product of a cover and a film according to the first modification. 図６Ａ、Ｂは、変形例２に係るカバーおよびフィルムの一体成型物の構成の一例を示す図である。6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating an example of a configuration of an integrally molded product of a cover and a film according to the second modification.
　以下、本発明の一実施の形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
　［点滴灌漑用チューブおよびエミッタの構成］
　図１Ａ、Ｂは、本実施の形態に係る点滴灌漑用チューブ１００の構成の一例を示す断面図である。図１Ａは、点滴灌漑用チューブ１００の軸方向における断面図であり、図１Ｂは、点滴灌漑用チューブ１００の当該軸方向に垂直な方向における断面図である。点滴灌漑用チューブ１００は、チューブ１１０およびエミッタ１２０を有する。 [Composition of drip irrigation tube and emitter]
1A and 1B are cross-sectional views showing an example of the configuration of a drip irrigation tube 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the drip irrigation tube 100 in the axial direction, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the drip irrigation tube 100 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The drip irrigation tube 100 includes a tube 110 and an emitter 120.
　チューブ１１０は、灌漑用液体を流すための管である。灌漑用液体は、例えば、ポンプを用いてチューブ１１０内に送られる。チューブ１１０の管壁には、チューブ１１０の軸方向において所定の間隔（例えば、２００～５００ｍｍ）で灌漑用液体をチューブ１１０外に吐出するための複数の吐出口１１２が形成されている。吐出口１１２の開口部の直径は、灌漑用液体が通過することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、吐出口１１２の開口部の直径は、１．５ｍｍである。チューブ１１０の内壁面の吐出口１１２に対応する位置には、エミッタ１２０がそれぞれ接合されている。チューブ１１０の軸方向に垂直な断面形状および断面積は、チューブ１１０の内部にエミッタ１２０を配置することができれば特に限定されない。 The tube 110 is a tube for flowing irrigation liquid. The irrigation liquid is sent into the tube 110 using a pump, for example. A plurality of discharge ports 112 for discharging the irrigation liquid to the outside of the tube 110 at a predetermined interval (for example, 200 to 500 mm) in the axial direction of the tube 110 are formed on the tube wall of the tube 110. The diameter of the opening of the discharge port 112 is not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid can pass through. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the opening of the discharge port 112 is 1.5 mm. Emitters 120 are respectively joined to the positions corresponding to the discharge ports 112 on the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction of the tube 110 are not particularly limited as long as the emitter 120 can be disposed inside the tube 110.
　チューブ１１０の材料は、特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、チューブ１１０の材料は、ポリエチレンである。 The material of the tube 110 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the material of the tube 110 is polyethylene.
　灌漑用液体の例には、水、液体肥料、農薬およびこれらの混合液が含まれる。 Examples of the irrigation liquid include water, liquid fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, and a mixture thereof.
　図２Ａ～Ｃは、本実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０またはエミッタ本体１２１の構成を示す図である。図２Ａは、エミッタ本体１２１の平面図であり、図２Ｂは、エミッタ１２０の平面図であり、図２Ｃは、エミッタ１２０の底面図である。図３は、本実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０の構成を示す図である。図３は、図２Ｂに示されるＡ－Ａ線における断面図である。 2A to 2C are diagrams showing the configuration of the emitter 120 or the emitter body 121 according to the present embodiment. 2A is a plan view of the emitter body 121, FIG. 2B is a plan view of the emitter 120, and FIG. 2C is a bottom view of the emitter 120. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. 2B.
　図１Ａに示されるように、エミッタ１２０は、吐出口１１２を覆うようにチューブ１１０の内壁面に接合されている。エミッタ１２０の形状は、チューブ１１０の内壁面に密着して、吐出口１１２を覆うことができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、チューブ１１０の軸方向に垂直な方向の断面における、チューブ１１０の内壁面に接合するエミッタ１２０の裏面の形状は、チューブ１１０の内壁面に沿うように、チューブ１１０の内壁面に向かって凸の略円弧形状である。エミッタ１２０の平面視形状は、四隅がＲ面取りされた略矩形状である。エミッタ１２０の大きさは、特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、エミッタ１２０の長辺方向の長さは２５ｍｍであり、短辺方向の長さは８ｍｍであり、高さは２．５ｍｍである。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the emitter 120 is joined to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 so as to cover the discharge port 112. The shape of the emitter 120 is not particularly limited as long as it can adhere to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 and cover the discharge port 112. In the present embodiment, the shape of the back surface of the emitter 120 joined to the inner wall surface of the tube 110 in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tube 110 is such that the inner wall surface of the tube 110 is aligned with the inner wall surface of the tube 110. It is a substantially circular arc shape convex toward. The shape of the emitter 120 in plan view is a substantially rectangular shape with four corners rounded off. The size of the emitter 120 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the length of the emitter 120 in the long side direction is 25 mm, the length in the short side direction is 8 mm, and the height is 2.5 mm.
　本実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０は、少なくとも、エミッタ本体１２１、フィルム１２２およびカバー１２３よって構成されている。エミッタ１２０の機能の詳細については後述する。 The emitter 120 according to the present embodiment includes at least an emitter body 121, a film 122, and a cover 123. Details of the function of the emitter 120 will be described later.
　エミッタ本体１２１（エミッタ１２０）は、互いに表裏の関係にある第１面１２１１および第２面１２１２を有する。本実施の形態では、第１面１２１１は、エミッタ１２０の表面側（灌漑用液体側）に位置し、第２面１２１２は、エミッタ１２０の裏面側（チューブ１１０側）に位置する。 The emitter body 121 (emitter 120) has a first surface 1211 and a second surface 1212 that are in a front-back relationship. In the present embodiment, the first surface 1211 is located on the front surface side (irrigation liquid side) of the emitter 120, and the second surface 1212 is located on the rear surface side (tube 110 side) of the emitter 120.
　エミッタ本体１２１には、本実施の形態の効果を得られる範囲内において、凹部、溝、凸部および貫通孔が、適宜に形成されている。詳細については後述するが、本実施の形態では、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１には、少なくとも、取水用凹部１５３、流量減少用凹部１６１および逆流防止用凹部１７１が形成されている（図２Ａ参照）。また、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２には、少なくとも、第１接続溝１３１、第１減圧溝１３２、第２接続溝１３３、第２減圧溝１３４および吐出用凹部１８１が形成されている（図２Ｃ参照）。 The emitter body 121 is appropriately formed with recesses, grooves, protrusions, and through-holes within a range where the effects of the present embodiment can be obtained. Although details will be described later, in the present embodiment, at least a water intake recess 153, a flow rate reduction recess 161, and a backflow prevention recess 171 are formed on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121 (FIG. 2A). reference). In addition, at least a first connection groove 131, a first decompression groove 132, a second connection groove 133, a second decompression groove 134, and a discharge recess 181 are formed on the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121 (see FIG. 2C).
　エミッタ本体１２１は、可撓性を有する材料で形成されていてもよいし、剛性を有する材料で形成されていてもよい。エミッタ本体１２１の材料の例には、樹脂およびゴムが含まれる。当該樹脂の例には、ポリエチレンおよびシリコーンが含まれる。エミッタ本体１２１の可撓性は、弾性を有する樹脂材料の使用によって調整されうる。エミッタ本体１２１の可撓性の調整方法の例には、弾性を有する樹脂の選択や、硬質の樹脂材料に対する弾性を有する樹脂材料の混合比の調整などが含まれる。エミッタ本体１２１は、例えば、射出成形によって製造されうる。 The emitter body 121 may be formed of a flexible material, or may be formed of a rigid material. Examples of the material of the emitter body 121 include resin and rubber. Examples of the resin include polyethylene and silicone. The flexibility of the emitter body 121 can be adjusted by using a resin material having elasticity. Examples of the method for adjusting the flexibility of the emitter body 121 include selection of a resin having elasticity, adjustment of a mixing ratio of a resin material having elasticity with respect to a hard resin material, and the like. The emitter body 121 can be manufactured by injection molding, for example.
　フィルム１２２は、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１の一部に接合されている。フィルム１２２は、流量減少用凹部１６１の開口部を塞ぐようにエミッタ本体１２１上に配置されている。すなわち、フィルム１２２は、当該開口部の外側の部分でエミッタ本体１２１に接合されている。フィルム１２２は、可撓性を有し、灌漑用液体の圧力により変形する。 The film 122 is bonded to a part of the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121. The film 122 is disposed on the emitter body 121 so as to close the opening of the flow rate reducing recess 161. That is, the film 122 is joined to the emitter main body 121 at a portion outside the opening. The film 122 has flexibility and is deformed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid.
　フィルム１２２の形状および大きさは、エミッタ本体１２１の形状および大きさや、エミッタ本体１２１に形成されている流量減少用凹部１６１の開口部の形状および大きさなどに応じて適宜設定されうる。フィルム１２２の厚みは、所望の可撓性に応じて適宜設定されうる。 The shape and size of the film 122 can be appropriately set according to the shape and size of the emitter main body 121 and the shape and size of the opening of the flow rate reducing recess 161 formed in the emitter main body 121. The thickness of the film 122 can be appropriately set according to the desired flexibility.
　フィルム１２２は、可撓性を有する樹脂材料で形成されている。フィルム１２２の材料は、所望の可撓性に応じて適宜設定されうる。当該樹脂の例には、ポリエチレンおよびシリコーンが含まれる。フィルム１２２の可撓性も、弾性を有する樹脂材料の使用によって調整されうる。フィルム１２２の可撓性の調整方法の例は、エミッタ本体１２１の可撓性の調整方法と同じである。フィルム１２２は、例えば、射出成形によって製造されうる。 The film 122 is formed of a flexible resin material. The material of the film 122 can be appropriately set according to the desired flexibility. Examples of the resin include polyethylene and silicone. The flexibility of the film 122 can also be adjusted by using a resin material having elasticity. An example of a method for adjusting the flexibility of the film 122 is the same as the method for adjusting the flexibility of the emitter body 121. The film 122 can be manufactured by injection molding, for example.
　エミッタ本体１２１およびフィルム１２２は、一体であってもよいし、別体であってもよい。たとえば、エミッタ本体１２１およびフィルム１２２は、それぞれヒンジ部を介して一体的に形成されていてもよい。ヒンジ部を軸にフィルム１２２を回動させ、フィルム１２２をエミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１に接合すればよい。エミッタ本体１２１およびフィルム１２２の接合方法は、特に限定されない。当該接合方法の例には、樹脂材料の溶着や、接着剤による接着などが含まれる。なお、上記ヒンジ部は、エミッタ本体１２１およびフィルム１２２を接合した後に切断されてもよい。 The emitter body 121 and the film 122 may be integrated or separate. For example, the emitter main body 121 and the film 122 may be integrally formed via a hinge part. The film 122 may be rotated about the hinge portion, and the film 122 may be joined to the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121. The joining method of the emitter body 121 and the film 122 is not particularly limited. Examples of the joining method include welding of a resin material, adhesion with an adhesive, and the like. The hinge portion may be cut after the emitter body 121 and the film 122 are joined.
　カバー１２３は、エミッタ１２１本体の第１面１２１１の一部に接合されている。カバー１２３は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の開口部を塞ぐようにエミッタ本体１２１上に配置されている。すなわち、カバー１２３は、当該開口部の外側の部分でエミッタ本体１２１に接合されている。カバー１２３の形状および大きさは、エミッタ本体１２１の形状および大きさや、エミッタ本体１２１に形成されている逆流防止用凹部１７１の開口部の形状および大きさなどに応じて適宜設定されうる。 The cover 123 is joined to a part of the first surface 1211 of the emitter 121 main body. The cover 123 is disposed on the emitter body 121 so as to close the opening of the backflow preventing recess 171. That is, the cover 123 is joined to the emitter body 121 at a portion outside the opening. The shape and size of the cover 123 can be appropriately set according to the shape and size of the emitter body 121, the shape and size of the opening of the backflow prevention recess 171 formed in the emitter body 121, and the like.
　カバー１２３の一方の面には、凸条１２４が形成されている。凸条１２４は、エミッタ本体１２１に形成されている逆流防止用凹部１７１側に突出するように配置されている。さらに、図３に示されるように、凸条１２４は、カバー１２３において、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面に配置されている凹条１７２に対応する位置に配置されている。具体的には、凸条１２４は、凹条１７２の内面から離間するように凹条１７２内に配置され、凹条１７２に沿って延在している。換言すると、凸条１２４は、灌漑用液体の流れ方向に対して横断する方向に沿って延在している。凸条１２４および凹条１７２の間には隙間が形成されている。当該隙間は、灌漑用液体が移動できる流路の一部を構成している。 A protrusion 124 is formed on one surface of the cover 123. The ridges 124 are arranged so as to protrude toward the backflow prevention recess 171 formed in the emitter body 121. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the ridge 124 is disposed in the cover 123 at a position corresponding to the ridge 172 disposed on the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. Specifically, the protrusion 124 is disposed in the recess 172 so as to be separated from the inner surface of the recess 172, and extends along the recess 172. In other words, the ridge 124 extends along a direction transverse to the flow direction of the irrigation liquid. A gap is formed between the ridge 124 and the recess 172. The gap constitutes a part of the channel through which the irrigation liquid can move.
　詳細については後述するが、凸条１２４および凹条１７２の間には、流路を途中で遮断するための液体（封水）が収容されうる。凸条１２４の位置、形状、大きさおよび数は、凸条１２４および凹条１７２の間に封水を収容することができれば特に限定されず、凹条１７２の形状および大きさに応じて適宜設定されうる。凸条１２４の形状の例には、円筒形状および角筒形状が含まれる。本実施の形態では、凸条１２４の形状は、円筒形状である。本実施の形態では、凸条１２４の数は、２つである。２つの凸条１２４は、同心円状に配置されている。 Although details will be described later, a liquid (sealed water) for blocking the channel in the middle can be accommodated between the ridges 124 and the ridges 172. The position, shape, size, and number of the ridges 124 are not particularly limited as long as sealed water can be accommodated between the ridges 124 and the recesses 172, and is appropriately set according to the shape and size of the recesses 172. Can be done. Examples of the shape of the ridge 124 include a cylindrical shape and a rectangular tube shape. In the present embodiment, the shape of the ridge 124 is a cylindrical shape. In the present embodiment, the number of ridges 124 is two. The two ridges 124 are arranged concentrically.
　カバー１２３は、可撓性を有する材料で形成されていてもよいし、剛性を有する材料で形成されていてもよい。カバー１２３の材料の例には、樹脂、ゴムおよび金属が含まれる。当該樹脂の例には、ポリエチレンおよびシリコーンが含まれる。カバー１２３の可撓性は、エミッタ本体１２１の可撓性の調整方法と同じである。カバー１２３は、例えば、射出成形によって製造されうる。灌漑用液体の圧力に起因するカバー１２３の変形を抑制して、凸条１２４および凹条１７２の間の隙間（流路の一部）の大きさを一定に保持する観点からは、カバー１２３は、剛性を有する材料で形成されていることが好ましい。本実施の形態では、カバー１２３は、剛性を有する材料で形成されている。 The cover 123 may be formed of a flexible material or may be formed of a rigid material. Examples of the material of the cover 123 include resin, rubber, and metal. Examples of the resin include polyethylene and silicone. The flexibility of the cover 123 is the same as the method for adjusting the flexibility of the emitter body 121. The cover 123 can be manufactured by injection molding, for example. From the viewpoint of suppressing the deformation of the cover 123 due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid and keeping the size of the gap (part of the flow path) between the ridge 124 and the ridge 172 constant, the cover 123 is It is preferable to be made of a material having rigidity. In the present embodiment, cover 123 is formed of a material having rigidity.
　本明細書中、「剛性を有する材料」とは、当該材料によって形成された部材が、灌漑用液体の圧力によって変形しない程度の剛性を有する材料を意味する。たとえば、カバー１２３が剛性を有する材料で形成されている場合、上記材料は、凸条１２４および凹条１７２の間隔が、灌漑用液体の圧力によって実質的に変化しない程度の剛性を有する材料を意味する。 In the present specification, the “material having rigidity” means a material having a rigidity such that a member formed of the material is not deformed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid. For example, when the cover 123 is formed of a material having rigidity, the material means a material having such a rigidity that the distance between the ridges 124 and the ridges 172 is not substantially changed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid. To do.
　エミッタ本体１２１およびカバー１２３は、一体であってもよいし、別体であってもよい。エミッタ本体１２１およびカバー１２３の接合方法の例は、エミッタ本体１２１およびフィルム１２２の接合方法の例と同じである。 The emitter body 121 and the cover 123 may be integrated or separate. An example of a method for joining the emitter body 121 and the cover 123 is the same as an example of a method for joining the emitter body 121 and the film 122.
　フィルム１２２およびカバー１２３は、一体であってもよいし（後述の変形例１、２参照）、別体であってもよい。フィルム１２２およびカバー１２３が一体である場合、フィルム１２２およびカバー１２３は、いずれも可撓性を有する。本実施の形態では、フィルム１２２およびカバー１２３は、別体である。カバー１２３に剛性を付与する観点からは、フィルム１２２およびカバー１２３は、別体であることが好ましい。 The film 122 and the cover 123 may be integrated (see modified examples 1 and 2 described later) or may be separate. When the film 122 and the cover 123 are integral, the film 122 and the cover 123 are both flexible. In the present embodiment, the film 122 and the cover 123 are separate bodies. From the viewpoint of imparting rigidity to the cover 123, the film 122 and the cover 123 are preferably separate.
　点滴灌漑用チューブ１００は、エミッタ１２０の裏面をチューブ１１０の内壁面に接合することによって作製される。チューブ１１０とエミッタ１２０との接合方法は、特に限定されない。当該接合方法の例には、エミッタ１２０またはチューブ１１０を構成する樹脂材料の溶着や、接着剤による接着などが含まれる。なお、通常、吐出口１１２は、チューブ１１０とエミッタ１２０とを接合した後に形成されるが、接合前に形成されてもよい。 The drip irrigation tube 100 is manufactured by joining the back surface of the emitter 120 to the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The method for joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120 is not particularly limited. Examples of the bonding method include welding of a resin material constituting the emitter 120 or the tube 110, bonding with an adhesive, and the like. Normally, the discharge port 112 is formed after the tube 110 and the emitter 120 are joined, but may be formed before joining.
　エミッタ１２０は、取水部１５０、第１接続流路１４１、第１減圧流路１４２、第２接続流路１４３、第２減圧流路１４４、流量減少部１６０、逆流防止部１７０および吐出部１８０を有する。取水部１５０、流量減少部１６０および逆流防止部１７０は、エミッタ１２０の表面（エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１）に配置されている。また、第１接続流路１４１、第１減圧流路１４２、第２接続流路１４３、第２減圧流路１４４および吐出部１８０は、エミッタ１２０の裏面（エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２）に配置されている。 The emitter 120 includes a water intake unit 150, a first connection channel 141, a first decompression channel 142, a second connection channel 143, a second decompression channel 144, a flow rate reduction unit 160, a backflow prevention unit 170, and a discharge unit 180. Have. The water intake unit 150, the flow rate reduction unit 160, and the backflow prevention unit 170 are disposed on the surface of the emitter 120 (the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121). Further, the first connection channel 141, the first decompression channel 142, the second connection channel 143, the second decompression channel 144, and the discharge unit 180 are provided on the back surface of the emitter 120 (the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121). Has been placed.
　エミッタ１２０およびチューブ１１０が互いに接合されることにより、取水部１５０、第１接続流路１４１、第１減圧流路１４２、第２接続流路１４３、第２減圧流路１４４、流量減少部１６０、逆流防止部１７０および吐出部１８０が形成される。また、エミッタ１２０において、取水部１５０と吐出部１８０とを繋ぐ流路も形成される。当該流路は、取水部１５０から吐出部１８０まで灌漑用液体を流通させる。 By connecting the emitter 120 and the tube 110 to each other, the water intake unit 150, the first connection channel 141, the first decompression channel 142, the second connection channel 143, the second decompression channel 144, the flow rate reduction unit 160, A backflow prevention unit 170 and a discharge unit 180 are formed. In the emitter 120, a flow path that connects the water intake unit 150 and the discharge unit 180 is also formed. The flow channel distributes the irrigation liquid from the water intake unit 150 to the discharge unit 180.
　取水部１５０は、灌漑用液体をエミッタ１２０内に取り入れる。取水部１５０は、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１の約半分の領域に配置されている（図２Ａ、Ｂ参照）。取水部１５０は、取水側スクリーン部１５１および取水用貫通孔１５２を有する。 The water intake unit 150 takes the irrigation liquid into the emitter 120. The water intake 150 is disposed in a region that is approximately half of the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). The water intake unit 150 includes a water intake side screen unit 151 and a water intake through hole 152.
　取水側スクリーン部１５１は、エミッタ１２０に取り入れられる灌漑用液体中の浮遊物がエミッタ１２０内に侵入することを防止する。取水側スクリーン部１５１は、チューブ１１０内に対して開口しており、取水用凹部１５３、複数のスリット１５４および複数のスクリーン用凸条部１５５を有する。 The water intake side screen unit 151 prevents the suspended matter in the irrigation liquid taken into the emitter 120 from entering the emitter 120. The water intake side screen portion 151 is open to the inside of the tube 110 and has a water intake recess 153, a plurality of slits 154, and a plurality of screen ridges 155.
　取水用凹部１５３は、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１において、フィルム１２２が接合されていない領域に形成されている凹部である。取水用凹部１５３の深さは特に限定されず、エミッタ１２０の大きさに応じて適宜設定される。取水用凹部１５３の外周壁には複数のスリット１５４が形成されており、取水用凹部１５３の底面上には複数のスクリーン用凸条部１５５が形成されている。また、取水用凹部１５３の底面には取水用貫通孔１５２が形成されている。 The water intake recess 153 is a recess formed in a region where the film 122 is not joined on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121. The depth of the water intake recess 153 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the size of the emitter 120. A plurality of slits 154 are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the water intake recess 153, and a plurality of screen ridges 155 are formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. In addition, a water intake through hole 152 is formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153.
　複数のスリット１５４は、取水用凹部１５３の内側面と、エミッタ本体１２１の外側面とを繋いでおり、エミッタ本体１２１の側面から灌漑用液体を取水用凹部１５３内に取り入れつつ、灌漑用液体中の浮遊物が取水用凹部１５３内に侵入することを防止する。スリット１５４の形状は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、スリット１５４の形状は、エミッタ本体１２１の外側面から取水用凹部１５３の内側面に向かうにつれて、幅が大きくなるように形成されている（図２Ａ、Ｂ参照）。このように、スリット１５４は、いわゆるウェッジワイヤー構造となるように構成されているため、取水用凹部１５３内に流入した灌漑用液体の圧力損失が抑制される。 The plurality of slits 154 connect the inner surface of the water intake recess 153 and the outer surface of the emitter body 121, while taking the irrigation liquid from the side surface of the emitter body 121 into the water recess 153. Is prevented from entering the water intake recess 153. The shape of the slit 154 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the shape of the slit 154 is formed such that the width increases from the outer surface of the emitter body 121 toward the inner surface of the water intake recess 153 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). Thus, since the slit 154 is configured to have a so-called wedge wire structure, the pressure loss of the irrigation liquid flowing into the water intake recess 153 is suppressed.
　複数のスクリーン用凸条部１５５は、取水用凹部１５３の底面上に配置されている。スクリーン用凸条部１５５の配置および数は、取水用凹部１５３の開口部側から灌漑用液体を取り入れつつ、灌漑用液体中の浮遊物の侵入を防止することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、複数のスクリーン用凸条部１５５は、スクリーン用凸条部１５５の長軸方向がエミッタ１２０の短軸方向に沿うように配列されている。また、スクリーン用凸条部１５５は、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１から取水用凹部１５３の底面に向かうにつれて幅が小さくなるように形成されている。すなわち、スクリーン用凸条部１５５の配列方向において、隣接するスクリーン用凸条部１５５間の空間は、いわゆるウェッジワイヤー構造となっている。また、隣接するスクリーン用凸条部１５５間の間隔は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。このように、隣接するスクリーン用凸条部１５５間の空間は、いわゆるウェッジワイヤー構造となるように構成されているため、取水用凹部１５３内に流入した灌漑用液体の圧力損失が抑制される。 The plurality of screen ridges 155 are arranged on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. The arrangement and number of the screen ridges 155 are not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid can be taken in from the opening side of the water intake recess 153 and the intrusion of suspended matter in the irrigation liquid can be prevented. In the present embodiment, the plurality of screen ridges 155 are arranged such that the major axis direction of the screen ridges 155 is along the minor axis direction of the emitter 120. Further, the screen protrusion 155 is formed so that the width decreases from the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121 toward the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. That is, in the arrangement direction of the screen ridges 155, the space between the adjacent screen ridges 155 has a so-called wedge wire structure. Moreover, the space | interval between the adjacent protruding item | line parts 155 for screens will not be specifically limited if the above-mentioned function can be exhibited. In this way, the space between the adjacent screen ridges 155 is configured to have a so-called wedge wire structure, so that the pressure loss of the irrigation liquid flowing into the water intake recess 153 is suppressed.
　取水用貫通孔１５２は、取水用凹部１５３の底面に形成されている。取水用貫通孔１５２の形状および数は、取水用凹部１５３の内部に取り込まれた灌漑用液体をエミッタ本体１２１内に取り込むことができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、取水用貫通孔１５２は、取水用凹部１５３の底面において、エミッタ１２０の長軸方向に沿って形成された１つの長孔である。この長孔は、複数のスクリーン用凸条部１５５により部分的に覆われているため、第１面１２１１側から見た場合、取水用貫通孔１５２は、多数の貫通孔に分かれているように見える。 The water intake through hole 152 is formed on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. The shape and number of the water intake through holes 152 are not particularly limited as long as the irrigation liquid taken into the water intake recess 153 can be taken into the emitter body 121. In the present embodiment, the water intake through hole 152 is a single long hole formed along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 on the bottom surface of the water intake recess 153. Since this long hole is partially covered with the plurality of screen ridges 155, the water intake through hole 152 is divided into a large number of through holes when viewed from the first surface 1211 side. appear.
　チューブ１１０内を流れてきた灌漑用液体は、取水側スクリーン部１５１によって浮遊物が取水用凹部１５３内に侵入することが防止されつつ、エミッタ本体１２１内に取り込まれる。 The irrigation liquid that has flowed through the tube 110 is taken into the emitter main body 121 while the water intake side screen portion 151 prevents floating substances from entering the water intake recess 153.
　第１接続流路１４１（第１接続溝１３１）は、流路に配置されており、取水部１５０（取水用貫通孔１５２）と、第１減圧流路１４２（第１減圧溝１３２）とを接続する。第１接続流路１４１（第１接続溝１３１）は、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２の外縁部においてエミッタ１２０の長軸方向に沿って直線状に配置されている。チューブ１１０およびエミッタ１２０が接合されることで、第１接続溝１３１とチューブ１１０の内壁面とにより、第１接続流路１４１が形成される。取水部１５０から取り込まれた灌漑用液体は、第１接続流路１４１を通って、第１減圧流路１４２に流れる。 The first connection flow path 141 (first connection groove 131) is disposed in the flow path, and includes the water intake section 150 (water intake through hole 152) and the first pressure reduction flow path 142 (first pressure reduction groove 132). Connecting. The first connection channel 141 (first connection groove 131) is linearly arranged along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge portion of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121. By joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120, the first connection channel 141 is formed by the first connection groove 131 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake unit 150 flows through the first connection channel 141 to the first decompression channel 142.
　第１減圧流路１４２（第１減圧溝１３２）は、流路において第１接続流路１４１の下流に配置されており、第１接続流路１４１（第１接続溝１３１）と第２接続流路１４３（第２接続溝１３３）とを接続する。第１減圧流路１４２は、取水部１５０から取り入れられた灌漑用液体の圧力を減圧させて、第２接続流路１４３に導く。第１減圧流路１４２（第１減圧溝１３２）は、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２の外縁部においてエミッタ１２０の長軸方向に沿って直線状に配置されている。本実施の形態では、第１減圧流路１４２の上流端は第１接続流路１４１に接続されており、第１減圧流路１４２の下流端は第２接続流路１４３の上流端に接続されている。 The first decompression flow path 142 (first decompression groove 132) is disposed downstream of the first connection flow path 141 in the flow path, and is connected to the first connection flow path 141 (first connection groove 131) and the second connection flow. The path 143 (second connection groove 133) is connected. The first reduced pressure channel 142 reduces the pressure of the irrigation liquid introduced from the water intake unit 150 and guides it to the second connection channel 143. The first decompression flow path 142 (first decompression groove 132) is linearly disposed along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge portion of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121. In the present embodiment, the upstream end of the first decompression flow path 142 is connected to the first connection flow path 141, and the downstream end of the first decompression flow path 142 is connected to the upstream end of the second connection flow path 143. ing.
　第１減圧溝１３２の形状は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、第１減圧溝１３２の平面視形状は、ジグザグ形状である。第１減圧溝１３２には、内側面から突出する略三角柱形状の第１凸部１３６１が灌漑用液体の流れる方向に沿って交互に配置されている。第１凸部１３６１は、平面視したときに、先端が第１減圧溝１３２の中心軸を超えないように配置されている。チューブ１１０およびエミッタ１２０が互いに接合されることで、第１減圧溝１３２とチューブ１１０の内壁面により、第１減圧流路１４２が形成される。取水部１５０から取り込まれた灌漑用液体は、第１減圧流路１４２により減圧されて第２接続流路１４３（第２接続溝１３３）に導かれる。 The shape of the first decompression groove 132 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the plan view shape of the first decompression groove 132 is a zigzag shape. In the first decompression groove 132, first triangular protrusions 1361 having a substantially triangular prism shape protruding from the inner surface are alternately arranged along the direction in which the irrigation liquid flows. The first convex portion 1361 is disposed so that the tip does not exceed the central axis of the first decompression groove 132 when viewed in plan. By joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120 to each other, the first decompression channel 142 is formed by the first decompression groove 132 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake 150 is decompressed by the first decompression channel 142 and guided to the second connection channel 143 (second connection groove 133).
　第２接続流路１４３（第２接続溝１３３）は、流路において第１減圧流路１４２の下流に配置されており、第１減圧流路１４２（第１減圧溝１３２）と、第２減圧流路１４４（第２減圧溝１３４）とを接続する。第２接続流路１４３は、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２の外縁部においてエミッタ１２０の短軸方向に沿って直線状に形成されている。チューブ１１０およびエミッタ１２０が接合されることで、第２接続溝１３３とチューブ１１０の内壁面とにより、第２接続流路１４３が形成される。取水部１５０から取り込まれ、第１接続流路１４１に導かれ、第１減圧流路１４２で減圧された灌漑用液体は、第２接続流路１４３を通って、第２減圧流路１４４に導かれる。 The second connection channel 143 (second connection groove 133) is disposed downstream of the first decompression channel 142 in the channel, and the first decompression channel 142 (first decompression groove 132) and the second decompression channel The flow path 144 (second decompression groove 134) is connected. The second connection channel 143 is formed linearly along the minor axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121. By joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120, the second connection channel 143 is formed by the second connection groove 133 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The irrigation liquid that has been taken in from the water intake unit 150, led to the first connection channel 141, and decompressed in the first decompression channel 142 is guided to the second decompression channel 144 through the second connection channel 143. It is burned.
　第２減圧流路１４４（第２減圧溝１３４）は、流路において第２接続流路１４３の下流に配置されており、第２接続溝１３３（第２接続流路１４３）と、流量減少部１６０とを接続する。第２減圧流路１４４は、第２接続流路１４３から流入した灌漑用液体の圧力を減圧させて、流量減少部１６０に導く。第２減圧流路１４４（第２減圧溝１３４）は、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２の外縁部においてエミッタ１２０の長軸方向に沿って配置されている。第２減圧溝１３４の上流端は第２接続溝１３３の下流端に接続されており、第２減圧流路１４４の下流端は流量減少部１６０の第１接続用貫通孔１６４に接続されている。 The second decompression flow path 144 (second decompression groove 134) is disposed downstream of the second connection flow path 143 in the flow path, and includes a second connection groove 133 (second connection flow path 143) and a flow rate reduction unit. 160 is connected. The second decompression flow path 144 reduces the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing from the second connection flow path 143 and guides it to the flow rate reduction unit 160. The second decompression flow path 144 (second decompression groove 134) is disposed along the major axis direction of the emitter 120 at the outer edge portion of the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121. The upstream end of the second decompression groove 134 is connected to the downstream end of the second connection groove 133, and the downstream end of the second decompression flow path 144 is connected to the first connection through hole 164 of the flow rate reducing unit 160. .
　第２減圧溝１３４の形状は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、第２減圧溝１３４の平面視形状は、第１減圧溝１３２の形状と同様のジグザグ形状である。第２減圧溝１３４には、内側面から突出する略三角柱形状の第２凸部１３６２が灌漑用液体の流れる方向に沿って交互に配置されている。第２凸部１３６２は、平面視したときに、先端が第２減圧溝１３４の中心軸を超えないように配置されている。チューブ１１０およびエミッタ１２０が接合されることで、第２減圧溝１３４とチューブ１１０の内壁面により、第２減圧流路１４４が形成される。取水部１５０から取り込まれた灌漑用液体は、第１減圧流路１４２および第２減圧流路１４４により減圧されて、流量減少部１６０に導かれる。 The shape of the second decompression groove 134 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the plan view shape of the second decompression groove 134 is a zigzag shape similar to the shape of the first decompression groove 132. In the second decompression groove 134, substantially triangular prism-shaped second protrusions 1362 protruding from the inner surface are alternately arranged along the direction in which the irrigation liquid flows. The second convex portion 1362 is arranged so that the tip does not exceed the central axis of the second decompression groove 134 when viewed in plan. By joining the tube 110 and the emitter 120, the second decompression channel 144 is formed by the second decompression groove 134 and the inner wall surface of the tube 110. The irrigation liquid taken in from the water intake unit 150 is decompressed by the first decompression channel 142 and the second decompression channel 144 and guided to the flow rate reduction unit 160.
　流量減少部１６０は、流路内において、逆流防止部１７０の上流であり、かつ第２減圧流路１４４の下流に配置されており、かつエミッタ１２０の表面側に配置されている。流量減少部１６０は、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力によるフィルム１２２の変形に応じて灌漑用液体の流量を減少させつつ、灌漑用液体を逆流防止部１７０に送る。 The flow rate reduction unit 160 is disposed upstream of the backflow prevention unit 170 and downstream of the second decompression flow channel 144 in the flow path, and is disposed on the surface side of the emitter 120. The flow rate reduction unit 160 sends the irrigation liquid to the backflow prevention unit 170 while reducing the flow rate of the irrigation liquid according to the deformation of the film 122 due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110.
　流量減少部１６０の構成は、上記の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、流量減少部１６０は、流量減少用凹部１６１、弁座部１６２、連通溝１６３、第１接続用貫通孔１６４、第２接続用貫通孔１６５、およびダイヤフラム部１６６を有する。 The configuration of the flow reduction unit 160 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the flow rate reducing portion 160 includes a flow rate reducing recess 161, a valve seat portion 162, a communication groove 163, a first connection through hole 164, a second connection through hole 165, and a diaphragm portion 166.
　流量減少用凹部１６１は、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１に配置されている。流量減少用凹部１６１の平面視形状は、特に限定されず、例えば、略円形状である。流量減少用凹部１６１の深さは、特に限定されず、連通溝１６３の深さ以上であればよい。流量減少用凹部１６１の内面には、第１接続用貫通孔１６４および第２接続用貫通孔１６５が開口している。本実施の形態では、第１接続用貫通孔１６４および第２接続用貫通孔１６５は、流量減少用凹部１６１の底面に開口している。 The flow rate reducing recess 161 is disposed on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121. The plan view shape of the flow rate reducing recess 161 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a substantially circular shape. The depth of the flow rate reducing recess 161 is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or greater than the depth of the communication groove 163. A first connection through hole 164 and a second connection through hole 165 are open on the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161. In the present embodiment, the first connection through hole 164 and the second connection through hole 165 are open to the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
　弁座部１６２は、流量減少用凹部１６１の底面に配置されている。本実施の形態では、弁座部１６２は、第２接続用貫通孔１６５の開口部を取り囲むように、ダイヤフラム部１６６に面して非接触に配置されている。弁座部１６２は、チューブ１１０を流れる灌漑用液体の圧力が設定値を超えた場合、ダイヤフラム部１６６が密着できるように構成されている。弁座部１６２にダイヤフラム部１６６が接触することによって、流量減少用凹部１６１から逆流防止部１７０に流れ込む灌漑用液体の流量を減少させる。 The valve seat 162 is arranged on the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161. In the present embodiment, the valve seat portion 162 is disposed in a non-contact manner so as to face the diaphragm portion 166 so as to surround the opening portion of the second connection through hole 165. The valve seat 162 is configured so that the diaphragm 166 can be in close contact when the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing through the tube 110 exceeds a set value. When the diaphragm portion 166 contacts the valve seat portion 162, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid flowing into the backflow prevention portion 170 from the flow rate reducing recess portion 161 is reduced.
　弁座部１６２の形状は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、弁座部１６２は、円筒形状の凸部である。本実施の形態では、当該凸部の端面は、内側から外側に向かうにつれて流量減少用凹部１６１の底面からの高さが低くなっている。 The shape of the valve seat portion 162 is not particularly limited as long as the above-described function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the valve seat portion 162 is a cylindrical convex portion. In the present embodiment, the height of the end surface of the convex portion from the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing concave portion 161 decreases from the inside toward the outside.
　連通溝１６３は、流量減少用凹部１６１の内部と、弁座部１６２に囲まれている第２接続用貫通孔１６５とを連通している。連通溝１６３は、弁座部１６２の、ダイヤフラム部１６６が密着可能な面の一部に配置されている。 The communication groove 163 communicates the inside of the flow rate reducing recess 161 with the second connection through hole 165 surrounded by the valve seat 162. The communication groove 163 is disposed on a part of the surface of the valve seat portion 162 to which the diaphragm portion 166 can come into close contact.
　第１接続用貫通孔１６４は、流量減少部１６０において流路の上流側に連通している。本実施の形態では、第１接続用貫通孔１６４は、第２減圧流路１４４（第２減圧溝１３４）に連通している。第１接続用貫通孔１６４は、流量減少用凹部１６１の内面に配置されている。第１接続用貫通孔１６４は、例えば、流量減少用凹部１６１の底面または側面に配置される。本実施の形態では、第１接続用貫通孔１６４は、流量減少用凹部１６１の底面において、弁座部１６２が配置されていない領域に配置されている。 The first connection through-hole 164 communicates with the upstream side of the flow path at the flow rate reducing portion 160. In the present embodiment, the first connection through hole 164 communicates with the second reduced pressure channel 144 (second reduced pressure groove 134). The first connection through hole 164 is disposed on the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161. The first connection through hole 164 is disposed, for example, on the bottom or side surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161. In the present embodiment, the first connection through-hole 164 is disposed in a region where the valve seat 162 is not disposed on the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
　第２接続用貫通孔１６５は、流量減少部１６０において流路の下流側に連通している。本実施の形態では、第２接続用貫通孔１６５は、逆流防止部１７０に連通している。第２接続用貫通孔１６５は、流量減少用凹部１６１の内面に配置されている。第２接続用貫通孔１６５は、例えば、流量減少用凹部１６１の底面または側面に配置される。本実施の形態では、第２接続用貫通孔１６５は、流量減少用凹部１６１の底面の中央部分に配置されている。 The second connection through-hole 165 communicates with the downstream side of the flow path in the flow rate reduction unit 160. In the present embodiment, the second connection through hole 165 communicates with the backflow prevention unit 170. The second connection through-hole 165 is disposed on the inner surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161. The second connection through hole 165 is disposed on the bottom surface or the side surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161, for example. In the present embodiment, the second connection through-hole 165 is disposed at the central portion of the bottom surface of the flow rate reducing recess 161.
　なお、第１接続用貫通孔１６４および第２接続用貫通孔１６５の位置は、本実施の形態の態様に限定されない。たとえば、第１接続用貫通孔１６４の代わりに第２接続用貫通孔１６５が、弁座部１６２の外側に配置されていてもよい。また、第２接続用貫通孔１６５の代わりに第１接続用貫通孔１６４が、弁座部１６２に取り囲まれるように配置されてもよい。 Note that the positions of the first connection through holes 164 and the second connection through holes 165 are not limited to the form of the present embodiment. For example, instead of the first connection through hole 164, a second connection through hole 165 may be disposed outside the valve seat portion 162. Further, instead of the second connection through hole 165, the first connection through hole 164 may be disposed so as to be surrounded by the valve seat portion 162.
　ダイヤフラム部１６６は、フィルム１２２の一部である。ダイヤフラム部１６６は、流量減少用凹部１６１の内部とチューブ１１０の内部との連通を遮断するように、かつ流量減少用凹部１６１の開口部を塞ぐように配置されている。ダイヤフラム部１６６は、可撓性を有し、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力に応じて、弁座部１６２に接触するように変形する。たとえば、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、チューブ１１０内を流れる灌漑用液体の圧力が設定値を超えた場合に流量減少用凹部１６１側に歪む。具体的には、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、灌漑用液体の圧力が高くなるにつれて、弁座部１６２に向かって変形し、やがて弁座部１６２に接触する。ダイヤフラム部１６６が弁座部１６２に密着している場合であっても、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、第１接続用貫通孔１６４、第２接続用貫通孔１６５および連通溝１６３を閉塞しないため、第１接続用貫通孔１６４からの灌漑用液体は、連通溝１６３および第２接続用貫通孔１６５を通って、逆流防止部１７０に送られうる。 The diaphragm portion 166 is a part of the film 122. The diaphragm portion 166 is disposed so as to block communication between the inside of the flow rate reducing recess 161 and the inside of the tube 110 and close the opening of the flow rate reducing recess 161. The diaphragm portion 166 has flexibility and deforms so as to contact the valve seat portion 162 in accordance with the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. For example, the diaphragm portion 166 is distorted to the flow rate reducing recess 161 side when the pressure of the irrigation liquid flowing in the tube 110 exceeds a set value. Specifically, the diaphragm portion 166 deforms toward the valve seat portion 162 as the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, and eventually comes into contact with the valve seat portion 162. Even when the diaphragm portion 166 is in close contact with the valve seat portion 162, the diaphragm portion 166 does not block the first connection through hole 164, the second connection through hole 165, and the communication groove 163. The irrigation liquid from the connection through hole 164 can be sent to the backflow prevention unit 170 through the communication groove 163 and the second connection through hole 165.
　逆流防止部１７０は、流路内において、流量調整部１６０の下流であり、かつ吐出部１８０の上流に配置されており、かつエミッタ１２０の表面側に配置されている。逆流防止部１７０は、灌漑用液体を吐出部１８０に送るとともに、送液を停止したときに吐出部１８０から流路に逆流する流体が、逆流防止部１７０の上流へ流通するのを阻止する。 The backflow prevention unit 170 is disposed downstream of the flow rate adjustment unit 160 and upstream of the discharge unit 180 in the flow path, and is disposed on the surface side of the emitter 120. The backflow prevention unit 170 sends the irrigation liquid to the discharge unit 180 and prevents the fluid that flows back from the discharge unit 180 to the flow path when the liquid supply is stopped from flowing upstream of the backflow prevention unit 170.
　吐出部１８０から流路内へ逆流する流体によって、エミッタ１２０からの吐出量を調整するための構成要素における流路内が汚染されたり、目詰まりが生じたりすることを抑制する観点から、逆流防止部１７０は、流路の下流側に配置されていることが好ましい。すなわち、逆流防止部１７０は、エミッタ１２０からの吐出量を調整するための構成要素の下流に配置されていることが好ましく、吐出部１８０に直接連通する位置に配置されていることがより好ましい。本実施の形態では、逆流防止部１７０は、流量調整部１６０の下流に配置されているため、流路内に逆流した上記流体が流量調整部１６０内に流れ込まない。 From the viewpoint of suppressing the inside of the flow path in the component for adjusting the discharge amount from the emitter 120 from being contaminated or clogged by the fluid flowing backward from the discharge section 180 into the flow path, the back flow is prevented. It is preferable that the part 170 is arrange | positioned in the downstream of a flow path. That is, the backflow prevention unit 170 is preferably disposed downstream of the component for adjusting the discharge amount from the emitter 120, and more preferably disposed at a position that directly communicates with the discharge unit 180. In the present embodiment, since the backflow prevention unit 170 is disposed downstream of the flow rate adjustment unit 160, the fluid that has flowed back into the flow path does not flow into the flow rate adjustment unit 160.
　逆流防止部１７０の構成は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、逆流防止部１７０は、逆流防止用凹部１７１、凹条１７２、第３接続用貫通孔１７３（特許請求の範囲では、「第１貫通孔」と称している）、第４接続用貫通孔１７４（特許請求の範囲では、「第２貫通孔」と称している）、封水収容部１７５および凸条１２４を有する。 The configuration of the backflow prevention unit 170 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the backflow prevention unit 170 includes a backflow prevention recess 171, a recess 172, a third connection through-hole 173 (referred to as “first through-hole” in the claims), a fourth It has a connecting through-hole 174 (referred to as “second through-hole” in the claims), a sealed water accommodating portion 175, and a ridge 124.
　逆流防止用凹部１７１は、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１に配置されている。逆流防止用凹部１７１の平面視形状は、特に限定されず、例えば、略円形状である。逆流防止用凹部１７１の深さは、特に限定されない。逆流防止用凹部１７１の内面には、第３接続用貫通孔１７３、第４接続用貫通孔１７４および凹条１７２が開口している。本実施の形態では、第３接続用貫通孔１７３、第４接続用貫通孔１７４および凹条１７２は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面に開口している。 The backflow preventing recess 171 is disposed on the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121. The shape in plan view of the recess 171 for preventing backflow is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a substantially circular shape. The depth of the backflow preventing recess 171 is not particularly limited. A third connection through hole 173, a fourth connection through hole 174, and a recess 172 are open on the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. In the present embodiment, the third connection through hole 173, the fourth connection through hole 174, and the recess 172 are open to the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
　凹条１７２は、流路の底面に開口し、かつ灌漑用液体の流れ方向に対して横断する方向に沿って延在している。凹条１７２は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面において、エミッタ本体１２１の第１面１２１１に向かって開口するように配置されている。すなわち、凹条１７２は、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２側に底部を有する。また、本実施の形態では、凹条１７２は、第４接続用貫通孔１７４の開口部を取り囲むように配置されている。前述のとおり、凹条１７２は、凸条１２４の外面と、逆流防止用凹部１７１の内面とが互いに離間するように配置されている。すなわち、凹条１７２は、凸条１２４との間に隙間が形成されるように配置されている。これにより、流量減少用凹部１６１から吐出部１８０に流れる灌漑用液体の流量を確保することができる。 The concave stripe 172 opens at the bottom surface of the flow path and extends along a direction transverse to the flow direction of the irrigation liquid. The concave strip 172 is disposed on the bottom surface of the backflow preventing concave portion 171 so as to open toward the first surface 1211 of the emitter body 121. That is, the recess 172 has a bottom on the second surface 1212 side of the emitter body 121. In the present embodiment, the recess 172 is disposed so as to surround the opening of the fourth connection through-hole 174. As described above, the recess 172 is disposed such that the outer surface of the protrusion 124 and the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171 are separated from each other. That is, the recess 172 is disposed so that a gap is formed between the recess 172 and the protrusion 124. Thereby, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid flowing from the flow rate reducing recess 161 to the discharge unit 180 can be ensured.
　凹条１７２の位置、形状、大きさおよび数は、凸条１２４および凹条１７２の間に封水を収容することができれば特に限定されず、凸条１２４の形状および大きさに応じて適宜設定されうる。凹条１７２の形状の例には、円筒形状および角筒形状が含まれる。本実施の形態では、凹条１７２は、円筒形状の凹部である。本実施の形態では、凹条１７２の数は、２つである。２つの凹条１７２は、同心円状に配置されている。 The position, shape, size, and number of the concave stripes 172 are not particularly limited as long as sealed water can be accommodated between the convex stripes 124 and the concave stripes 172, and is appropriately set according to the shape and size of the convex stripes 124. Can be done. Examples of the shape of the recess 172 include a cylindrical shape and a rectangular tube shape. In the present embodiment, the recess 172 is a cylindrical recess. In the present embodiment, the number of concave stripes 172 is two. The two concave stripes 172 are arranged concentrically.
　第３接続用貫通孔１７３は、逆流防止部１７０において流路の上流側に連通している。本実施の形態では、第３接続用貫通孔１７３は、流量減少部１６０に連通している。第３接続用貫通孔１７３は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の内面に配置されている。第３接続用貫通孔１７３は、例えば、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面または側面に配置される。本実施の形態では、第３接続用貫通孔１７３は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面に配置されている。 The third connection through-hole 173 communicates with the upstream side of the flow path in the backflow prevention unit 170. In the present embodiment, the third connection through hole 173 communicates with the flow rate reducing unit 160. The third connection through hole 173 is disposed on the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. The third connection through-hole 173 is disposed, for example, on the bottom surface or side surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. In the present embodiment, the third connection through hole 173 is disposed on the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
　第４接続用貫通孔１７４は、逆流防止部１７０において流路の下流側に連通している。本実施の形態では、第４接続用貫通孔１７４は、吐出部１８０に連通している。第４接続用貫通孔１７４は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の内面に配置されている。第４接続用貫通孔１７４は、例えば、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面または側面に配置される。本実施の形態では、第４接続用貫通孔１７４は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面の中央部分に配置されている。 The fourth connection through-hole 174 communicates with the downstream side of the flow path in the backflow prevention unit 170. In the present embodiment, the fourth connection through-hole 174 communicates with the discharge unit 180. The fourth connection through hole 174 is disposed on the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. The fourth connection through-hole 174 is disposed, for example, on the bottom or side surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. In the present embodiment, the fourth connection through-hole 174 is disposed at the center of the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171.
　なお、第３接続用貫通孔１７３および第４接続用貫通孔１７４の位置は、本実施の形態の態様に限定されない。たとえば、第４接続用貫通孔１７４の代わりに第３接続用貫通孔１７３が、凹条１７２に取り囲まれるように配置されてもよい。 It should be noted that the positions of the third connection through hole 173 and the fourth connection through hole 174 are not limited to those of the present embodiment. For example, the third connection through hole 173 may be disposed so as to be surrounded by the recess 172 instead of the fourth connection through hole 174.
　凸条１２４は、カバー１２３の一部であり、凹条１７２の内面から離間するように凹条１７２内に配置されている。凸条１２４および凹条１７２の間隔（最短距離）は、灌漑用液体の吐出部１８０への流量を確保することができ、かつ十分な量の封水を収容することができればよい。上記間隔は、エミッタ１２０の大きさや、灌漑用液体の所期の流量などに応じて適宜変更されうる。 The convex stripe 124 is a part of the cover 123 and is disposed in the concave stripe 172 so as to be separated from the inner surface of the concave stripe 172. The interval (shortest distance) between the ridges 124 and the ridges 172 only needs to ensure the flow rate of the irrigation liquid to the discharge unit 180 and can accommodate a sufficient amount of sealed water. The interval can be appropriately changed according to the size of the emitter 120, the desired flow rate of the irrigation liquid, and the like.
　封水収容部１７５は、封水を収容する。本実施の形態では、封水収容部１７５は、凹条１７２および凸条１２４により構成されている。前述のとおり、凸条１２４は、凹条１７２の内面から離間するように凹条１７２内に配置されている。これにより、液体（封水）は、凹条１７２および凸条１２４の間において、流路を途中で遮断するように収容される。 The sealed water storage unit 175 stores sealed water. In the present embodiment, the sealed water accommodating portion 175 is constituted by the concave stripes 172 and the convex stripes 124. As described above, the ridge 124 is disposed in the recess 172 so as to be separated from the inner surface of the recess 172. Thereby, the liquid (sealed water) is accommodated between the concave stripe 172 and the convex stripe 124 so as to interrupt the flow path in the middle.
　吐出部１８０は、灌漑用液体をエミッタ１２０外に吐出する。吐出部１８０は、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２側において、チューブ１１０の吐出口１１２に面して配置されている。吐出部１８０は、エミッタ１２０内の灌漑用液体をチューブ１１０の吐出口１１２に送る。これにより、吐出部１８０は、灌漑用液体をエミッタ１２０の外部に吐出することができる。吐出部１８０の構成は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、吐出部１８０は、吐出用凹部１８１と、侵入防止部１８２とを有する。 The discharge unit 180 discharges the irrigation liquid to the outside of the emitter 120. The discharge unit 180 is disposed on the second surface 1212 side of the emitter body 121 so as to face the discharge port 112 of the tube 110. The discharge unit 180 sends the irrigation liquid in the emitter 120 to the discharge port 112 of the tube 110. Accordingly, the discharge unit 180 can discharge the irrigation liquid to the outside of the emitter 120. The structure of the discharge part 180 will not be specifically limited if the above-mentioned function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the discharge unit 180 includes a discharge recess 181 and an intrusion prevention unit 182.
　吐出用凹部１８１は、エミッタ本体１２１の第２面１２１２に配置されている。吐出用凹部１８１の平面視形状は、略矩形状である。吐出用凹部１８１の底面には、第４接続用貫通孔１７４および侵入防止部１８２が配置されている。 The discharge recess 181 is disposed on the second surface 1212 of the emitter body 121. The shape of the discharge recess 181 in plan view is a substantially rectangular shape. A fourth connection through hole 174 and an intrusion prevention portion 182 are disposed on the bottom surface of the discharge recess 181.
　侵入防止部１８２は、吐出口１１２からの異物の侵入を防止する。侵入防止部１８２は、前述の機能を発揮することができれば特に限定されない。本実施の形態では、侵入防止部１８２は、隣接して配置された４つの凸部である。４つの凸部は、エミッタ１２０をチューブ１１０に接合した場合に、第４接続用貫通孔１７４および吐出口１１２の間に位置するように配置されている。 The intrusion prevention unit 182 prevents intrusion of foreign matter from the discharge port 112. The intrusion prevention unit 182 is not particularly limited as long as it can perform the above-described function. In the present embodiment, intrusion prevention unit 182 is four convex portions arranged adjacent to each other. The four convex portions are arranged so as to be positioned between the fourth connection through hole 174 and the discharge port 112 when the emitter 120 is joined to the tube 110.
　［点滴灌漑用チューブの動作］
　次に、点滴灌漑用チューブ１００の動作について説明する。 [Operation of drip irrigation tube]
Next, the operation of the drip irrigation tube 100 will be described.
　まず、チューブ１１０内に灌漑用液体が送液される。点滴灌漑用チューブ１００へ送液される灌漑用液体の圧力は、簡易に点滴灌漑法を導入できるように、またチューブ１１０およびエミッタ１２０の破損を防止するため、０．１ＭＰａ以下であることが好ましい。チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体は、取水部１５０からエミッタ１２０内に取り込まれる。具体的には、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体は、スリット１５４、またはスクリーン用凸条部１５５間の隙間から取水用凹部１５３に入り込み、取水用貫通孔１５２を通過する。このとき、取水部１５０は、取水側スクリーン部１５１（スリット１５４およびスクリーン用凸条部１５５間の隙間）を有しているため、灌漑用液体中の浮遊物を除去することができる。また、取水部１５０には、いわゆるウェッジワイヤー構造が形成されているため、取水部１５０へ流入した灌漑用液体の圧力損失は抑制される。 First, irrigation liquid is fed into the tube 110. The pressure of the irrigation liquid fed to the drip irrigation tube 100 is preferably 0.1 MPa or less so that the drip irrigation method can be easily introduced and the tube 110 and the emitter 120 are prevented from being damaged. . The irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is taken into the emitter 120 from the water intake unit 150. Specifically, the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 enters the water intake recess 153 through the slit 154 or the gap between the screen protrusions 155 and passes through the water intake through hole 152. At this time, since the water intake part 150 has the water intake side screen part 151 (gap between the slit 154 and the projection ridge part 155), it is possible to remove the suspended matter in the irrigation liquid. Moreover, since the so-called wedge wire structure is formed in the water intake part 150, the pressure loss of the irrigation liquid flowing into the water intake part 150 is suppressed.
　取水部１５０から取り込まれた灌漑用液体は、第１接続流路１４１に到達する。第１接続流路１４１に到達した灌漑用液体は、第１減圧流路１４２を通過し、第２接続流路１４３に到達する。第２接続流路１４３に到達した灌漑用液体は、第２減圧流路１４４に流れ込む。第２減圧流路１４４に流れ込んだ灌漑用液体は、第１接続用貫通孔１６４を通って、流量減少部１６０に流れ込む。流量減少部１６０に流れ込んだ灌漑用液体は、第２接続用貫通孔１６５および第３接続用貫通孔１７３を通って逆流防止部１７０に流れ込む。逆流防止部１７０に流れ込んだ灌漑用液体は、第４接続用貫通孔１７４を通って吐出部１８０に流れ込む。吐出部１８０に流れ込んだ灌漑用液体は、チューブ１１０の吐出口１１２からチューブ１１０外に吐出される。 The irrigation liquid taken from the water intake unit 150 reaches the first connection channel 141. The irrigation liquid that has reached the first connection channel 141 passes through the first decompression channel 142 and reaches the second connection channel 143. The irrigation liquid that has reached the second connection channel 143 flows into the second decompression channel 144. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the second reduced pressure channel 144 flows into the flow rate reduction unit 160 through the first connection through hole 164. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the flow rate reduction unit 160 flows into the backflow prevention unit 170 through the second connection through hole 165 and the third connection through hole 173. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the backflow prevention unit 170 flows into the discharge unit 180 through the fourth connection through hole 174. The irrigation liquid that has flowed into the discharge unit 180 is discharged out of the tube 110 from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110.
　（流量減少部の動作）
　ここで、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力に応じた流量減少部１６０の動作について説明する。図４Ａ～Ｃは、流量減少部１６０の動作について説明するための断面模式図である。なお、図４Ａ～Ｃは、図２Ｂに示されるＡ－Ａ線における部分拡大断面図である。図４Ａは、チューブ１１０に灌漑用液体が送液されていない場合における断面図であり、図４Ｂは、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力が第１圧力である場合における断面図であり、図４Ｃは、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力が第１圧力を超える第２圧力である場合における断面図である。 (Operation of the flow reduction part)
Here, the operation of the flow rate reducing unit 160 according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 will be described. 4A to 4C are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of the flow rate reducing unit 160. FIG. 4A to 4C are partially enlarged sectional views taken along line AA shown in FIG. 2B. 4A is a cross-sectional view when the irrigation liquid is not supplied to the tube 110, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is the first pressure. FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is the second pressure exceeding the first pressure.
　流量減少部１６０では、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力に応じて、ダイヤフラム部１６６が流量減少用凹部１６１側に歪むように変形することで、灌漑用液体の流量が制御される。なお、本実施の形態では、カバー１２３は、剛性材料により構成されているため、灌漑用液体の圧力によって変形しない。 In the flow rate reduction unit 160, the flow rate of the irrigation liquid is controlled by deforming the diaphragm unit 166 so as to be distorted toward the flow rate reduction concave portion 161 according to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. In the present embodiment, since the cover 123 is made of a rigid material, it is not deformed by the pressure of the irrigation liquid.
　チューブ１１０内に灌漑用液体が送液される前は、フィルム１２２に灌漑用液体の圧力が加わらないため、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、変形していない（図４Ａ参照）。 Before the irrigation liquid is fed into the tube 110, the pressure of the irrigation liquid is not applied to the film 122, so the diaphragm portion 166 is not deformed (see FIG. 4A).
　チューブ１１０内に灌漑用液体を流し始めると、ダイヤフラム部１６６が変形し始める（図４Ｂ参照）。しかし、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、弁座部１６２に接触していない状態では、取水部１５０から取り入れられた灌漑用液体は、エミッタ１２０内の流路を通って、チューブ１１０の吐出口１１２から外部に吐出される。このように、チューブ１１０内への灌漑用液体の送液開始時や、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力が所定の圧力より低い場合には、取水部１５０からエミッタ１２０内に取り入れられた灌漑用液体は、流路を通って外部に吐出される。 When the irrigation liquid starts to flow into the tube 110, the diaphragm portion 166 starts to deform (see FIG. 4B). However, when the diaphragm portion 166 is not in contact with the valve seat portion 162, the irrigation liquid taken from the water intake portion 150 passes through the flow path in the emitter 120 to the outside from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110. Discharged. As described above, when the irrigation liquid is started to be fed into the tube 110 or when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is lower than a predetermined pressure, the irrigation introduced into the emitter 120 from the water intake unit 150. The working liquid is discharged outside through the flow path.
　チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力がさらに高まると、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、弁座部１６２に向かってさらに変形する。通常は、灌漑用液体の圧力が高くなるにつれて、流路を流れる灌漑用液体の量が増大するはずであるが、本実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０では、第１減圧流路１４２および第２減圧流路１４４で灌漑用液体の圧力を減少させるとともに、ダイヤフラム部１６６と弁座部１６２との間隔を狭めることで、流路を流れる灌漑用液体の量の過剰な増大を防止している（図４Ｂ参照）。そして、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力が所定値（第２圧力）以上である場合に、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、弁座部１６２に接触する（図４Ｃ参照）。この場合であっても、ダイヤフラム部１６６は、第１接続用貫通孔１６４、第２接続用貫通孔１６５および連通溝１６３を閉塞しないため、取水部１５０から取り入れられた灌漑用液体は、連通溝１６３を通って、チューブ１１０の吐出口１１２から外部に吐出される。このように、流量減少部１６０は、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力が第２圧力以上である場合、ダイヤフラム部１６６が弁座部１６２に接触することにより、流路を流れる灌漑用液体の液量の増大を抑制する。 When the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is further increased, the diaphragm portion 166 is further deformed toward the valve seat portion 162. Normally, as the pressure of the irrigation liquid increases, the amount of the irrigation liquid flowing through the flow path should increase. However, in the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment, the first pressure reduction flow path 142 and the second pressure reduction liquid are increased. By reducing the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the flow path 144 and reducing the distance between the diaphragm portion 166 and the valve seat portion 162, an excessive increase in the amount of the irrigation liquid flowing in the flow path is prevented (FIG. 4B). When the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value (second pressure), the diaphragm portion 166 contacts the valve seat portion 162 (see FIG. 4C). Even in this case, the diaphragm portion 166 does not block the first connection through-hole 164, the second connection through-hole 165, and the communication groove 163. Therefore, the irrigation liquid introduced from the water intake portion 150 is not connected to the communication groove. Through 163, the liquid is discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 to the outside. As described above, when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is equal to or higher than the second pressure, the flow reduction unit 160 makes the irrigation liquid flowing through the flow path when the diaphragm unit 166 contacts the valve seat 162. Suppresses increase in liquid volume.
　このように、流量減少部１６０は、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力によるフィルム１２２の変形に応じて、チューブ１１０の吐出口１１２から吐出される灌漑用液体の流量を調整する。このため、本実施の形態に係る点滴灌漑用チューブ１００は、灌漑用液体の圧力が低圧および高圧のいずれの場合であっても、一定量の灌漑用液体をチューブ１１０外に吐出できる。 As described above, the flow rate reducing unit 160 adjusts the flow rate of the irrigation liquid discharged from the discharge port 112 of the tube 110 in accordance with the deformation of the film 122 due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110. For this reason, the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the present embodiment can discharge a certain amount of irrigation liquid out of the tube 110 regardless of whether the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low or high.
　（逆流防止部の機能）
　ここで、逆流防止部１７０の機能について説明する。まず、比較のために、逆流防止部１７０を有しない比較用のエミッタについて説明する。前述のとおり、点滴灌漑用チューブが、高低差のある場所に配置されている場合、チューブ１１０内への灌漑用液体の送液を停止したとき、高い位置におけるエミッタから吐出される灌漑用液体の量と、低い位置におけるエミッタから吐出される灌漑用液体の量とに差が生じる。これにより、高低差に起因して、チューブ１１０内が陰圧となって、結果として、比較用のエミッタを有する点滴灌漑用チューブでは、チューブ外から細かい土を含んだ空気や水などの流体が、エミッタの流路に逆流する、いわゆるサイフォン現象が生じることがある。 (Function of backflow prevention unit)
Here, the function of the backflow prevention unit 170 will be described. First, for comparison, a comparative emitter without the backflow prevention unit 170 will be described. As described above, in the case where the drip irrigation tube is arranged at a place with a height difference, when the liquid supply for irrigation into the tube 110 is stopped, the irrigation liquid discharged from the emitter at a high position is stopped. There is a difference between the amount and the amount of irrigation liquid dispensed from the emitter at a low location. As a result, due to the difference in height, the inside of the tube 110 has a negative pressure. As a result, in the drip irrigation tube having the comparative emitter, fluid such as air or water containing fine soil from the outside of the tube. In some cases, a so-called siphon phenomenon occurs that flows backward in the flow path of the emitter.
　これに対して、本実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０は、封水収容部１７５を含む逆流防止部１７０を有する。チューブ１１０内への灌漑用液体の送液を停止したとき、封水収容部１７５内には、灌漑用液体が封水として収容されている。これにより、エミッタ１２０においては、封水収容部１７５の上流側の流路と、封水収容部１７５の下流側の流路とが封水により遮断される。この結果として、チューブ１１０外に存在する、細かい土などを含んだ空気や水などの流体が、封水収容部１７５の上流へ流通することを阻止できる。 In contrast, the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment includes a backflow prevention unit 170 including a sealed water storage unit 175. When the feeding of the irrigation liquid into the tube 110 is stopped, the irrigation liquid is accommodated in the sealed water storage portion 175 as sealed water. Thereby, in the emitter 120, the upstream flow path of the sealed water storage part 175 and the downstream flow path of the sealed water storage part 175 are blocked by sealed water. As a result, it is possible to prevent a fluid such as air or water containing fine soil existing outside the tube 110 from flowing upstream of the sealed water storage portion 175.
　（効果）
　以上のとおり、本実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０は、封水を収容するための封水収容部１７５を有する。これにより、エミッタ１２０では、サイフォン現象の発生を抑制できるとともに、チューブ１１０内の灌漑用液体の圧力が低くても適切に灌漑用液体を吐出することができる。したがって、本実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０を有する点滴灌漑用チューブ１００によれば、高低差のある場所であっても、サイフォン現象に起因する流路の目詰まりの発生を抑制できるとともに、チューブ内の灌漑用液体の圧力が低い場合であっても、灌漑用液体を定量的に吐出できる。 (effect)
As described above, the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment has the sealed water storage portion 175 for storing sealed water. Thereby, the emitter 120 can suppress the occurrence of the siphon phenomenon and can appropriately discharge the irrigation liquid even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube 110 is low. Therefore, according to the drip irrigation tube 100 having the emitter 120 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of clogging of the flow path due to the siphon phenomenon even in a place where there is a height difference, and Even when the pressure of the irrigation liquid is low, the irrigation liquid can be quantitatively discharged.
　［変形例］
　なお、上記実施の形態では、フィルム１２２およびカバー１２３が別体である態様について説明したが、本発明では、フィルムおよびカバーは、一体であってもよい。 [Modification]
In addition, in the said embodiment, although the film 122 and the cover 123 were demonstrated as the separate body, in this invention, a film and a cover may be integrated.
　図５Ａ、Ｂは、変形例１に係るカバーおよびフィルムの一体成形物１２５ａの構成の一例を示す図である。図５Ａは、変形例１に係る一体成形物１２５ａの底面図であり、図５Ｂは、図５ＡのＢ－Ｂ線における断面図である。図６Ａ、Ｂは、変形例２に係るカバーおよびフィルムの一体成形物１２５ｂの構成の一例を示す図である。図６Ａは、変形例２に係る一体成形物１２５ｂの底面図であり、図６Ｂは、図６ＡのＢ－Ｂ線における断面図である。 FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing an example of a configuration of a cover and film integral molding 125a according to Modification 1. FIG. 5A is a bottom view of the integrally molded product 125a according to Modification 1, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 5A. 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating an example of a configuration of an integrally formed product 125b of a cover and a film according to the second modification. 6A is a bottom view of the integrally molded product 125b according to Modification 2, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6A.
　図５Ａ、Ｂおよび図６Ａ、Ｂに示されるように、一体成形物１２５ａ、１２５ｂは、互いに隣り合うように配置されている、凸条１２４およびダイヤフラム１６６を有する。また、一体成形物１２５ａ、１２５ｂの大きさおよび外観視形状は、エミッタ本体１２１の大きさに応じて適宜変更されうる。一体成形物１２５ａ外観視形状は、矩形状であってもよいし、一体成形物１２５ｂの外観視形状は、長円形状であってもよい。 As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B and FIGS. 6A and 6B, the integrally molded products 125a and 125b have ridges 124 and a diaphragm 166 that are arranged adjacent to each other. Further, the size and the external appearance shape of the integrally molded products 125 a and 125 b can be appropriately changed according to the size of the emitter body 121. The externally shaped shape of the integrally molded product 125a may be a rectangular shape, and the externally visible shape of the integrally molded product 125b may be an oval shape.
　また、上記実施の形態では、封水収容部１７５を構成する凸条１２４および凹条１７２の形状が、それぞれ円筒形状である態様について説明したが、本発明に係る凸条１２４および凹条１７２の形状は、それぞれ直方体形状であってもよい。この場合、凹条１７２は、第４接続用貫通孔１７４の開口部を取り囲むように配置されておらず、凹条１７２の両端が逆流防止用凹部１７１の側壁面に接続されるように配置されている。たとえば、逆流防止用凹部１７１を平面視したときに、凹条１７２は、逆流防止用凹部１７１の底面に開口している、第３接続用貫通孔１７３の開口部と、第４接続用貫通孔１７４の開口部とを接続する仮想線分に対して直交する方向に沿うように配置されている。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the shape of the protruding item | line 124 and the recessed item | row 172 which comprise the sealed water accommodating part 175 was demonstrated to each cylindrical shape, the protruding item | line 124 and the recessed item | line 172 which concern on this invention were demonstrated. Each of the shapes may be a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In this case, the recess 172 is not disposed so as to surround the opening of the fourth connection through hole 174, and is disposed so that both ends of the recess 172 are connected to the side wall surface of the backflow prevention recess 171. ing. For example, when the backflow prevention recess 171 is viewed in plan, the recess 172 is open to the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess 171 and the opening of the third connection through hole 173 and the fourth connection through hole. It arrange | positions along the direction orthogonal to the virtual line segment which connects 174 opening parts.
　また、本発明に係るエミッタおよび点滴灌漑用チューブの構成は、上記実施の形態に係るエミッタ１２０および点滴灌漑用チューブ１００に限定されず、例えば、エミッタは、第１減圧流路１４２、第２減圧流路１４４および流量調整部１６０を有していなくてもよい。この場合、エミッタは、少なくともエミッタ本体およびカバーによって構成される。 The configurations of the emitter and the drip irrigation tube according to the present invention are not limited to the emitter 120 and the drip irrigation tube 100 according to the above-described embodiment. For example, the emitter includes the first decompression channel 142 and the second decompression tube. The flow path 144 and the flow rate adjustment unit 160 may not be provided. In this case, the emitter is constituted by at least an emitter body and a cover.
　また、上記実施の形態では、エミッタ１２０およびチューブ１１０が接合されることにより、第１接続流路１４１、第１減圧流路１４２、第２接続流路１４３および第２減圧流路１４４が形成されている態様について説明したが、第１接続流路１４１、第１減圧流路１４２、第２接続流路１４３および第２減圧流路１４４は、あらかじめエミッタ１２０内に流路として形成されていてもよい。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, the 1st connection flow path 141, the 1st pressure reduction flow path 142, the 2nd connection flow path 143, and the 2nd pressure reduction flow path 144 are formed by joining the emitter 120 and the tube 110. FIG. However, the first connection channel 141, the first decompression channel 142, the second connection channel 143, and the second decompression channel 144 may be formed in the emitter 120 in advance as channels. Good.
　本出願は、２０１７年４月１２日出願の特願２０１７－０７８６６５に基づく優先権を主張する。当該出願明細書および図面に記載された内容は、すべて本願明細書に援用される。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-077865 filed on Apr. 12, 2017. The contents described in the application specification and the drawings are all incorporated herein.
　本発明に係るエミッタによれば、高低差のある場所であっても、チューブ外の流体の流路への逆流に起因する目詰まりの発生を抑制しうる。したがって、点滴灌漑のさらなる発展が期待される。 According to the emitter according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of clogging caused by the backflow of the fluid outside the tube to the flow path even in a place with a height difference. Therefore, further development of drip irrigation is expected.
　１００　点滴灌漑用チューブ
　１１０　チューブ
　１１２　吐出口
　１２０　エミッタ
　１２１　エミッタ本体
　１２１１　第１面
　１２１２　第２面
　１２２　フィルム
　１２３　カバー
　１２４　凸条
　１２５ａ、１２５ｂ　一体成形物
　１３１　第１接続溝
　１３２　第１減圧溝
　１３３　第２接続溝
　１３４　第２減圧溝
　１３６１　第１凸部
　１３６２　第２凸部
　１４１　第１接続流路
　１４２　第１減圧流路
　１４３　第２接続流路
　１４４　第２減圧流路
　１５０　取水部
　１５１　取水側スクリーン部
　１５２　取水用貫通孔
　１５３　取水用凹部
　１５４　スリット
　１５５　スクリーン用凸条部
　１６０　流量減少部
　１６１　流量減少用凹部
　１６２　弁座部
　１６３　連通溝
　１６４　第１接続用貫通孔
　１６５　第２接続用貫通孔
　１６６　ダイヤフラム部
　１７０　逆流防止部
　１７１　逆流防止用凹部
　１７２　凹条
　１７３　第３接続用貫通孔
　１７４　第４接続用貫通孔
　１７５　封水収容部
　１８０　吐出部
　１８１　吐出用凹部
　１８２　侵入防止部 100 Tube for drip irrigation 110 Tube 112 Discharge port 120 Emitter 121 Emitter body 1211 1st surface 1212 2nd surface 122 Film 123 Cover 124 Convex stripes 125a, 125b Integral molded product 131 First connection groove 132 First pressure reduction groove 133 Second connection Groove 134 Second decompression groove 1361 First convex part 1362 Second convex part 141 First connection flow path 142 First decompression flow path 143 Second connection flow path 144 Second decompression flow path 150 Water intake part 151 Water intake side screen part 152 Water intake Through-hole 153 Water intake recess 154 Slit 155 Screen protrusion 160 Flow reduction portion 161 Flow reduction recess 162 Valve seat portion 163 Communication groove 164 First connection through-hole 165 Second connection through-hole 166 Diaphragm portion 170 Backflow Prevention part 171 Backflow prevention concave part 172 concave Article 173 Third connection through-hole 174 Fourth connection through-hole 175 Sealed water storage portion 180 Discharge portion 181 Discharge recess 182 Intrusion prevention portion

Claims (9)

  1. 　互いに表裏の関係にある第１面および第２面を有し、灌漑用液体を流通させるチューブの内壁面において、前記チューブの内外を連通する吐出口に対応する位置に接合され、前記チューブ内の前記灌漑用液体を前記吐出口から定量的に前記チューブ外に吐出するためのエミッタであって、
    　前記第１面に配置され、前記灌漑用液体を取り入れるための取水部と、
    　前記第２面に配置され、前記灌漑用液体を吐出するための吐出部と、
    　前記取水部および前記吐出部を繋ぎ、前記灌漑用液体を流通させるための流路と、
    　前記流路に配置されており、封水を収容するための封水収容部と、
    　を有する、エミッタ。     A first surface and a second surface that are in a front-back relationship with each other, and are joined to a position corresponding to a discharge port that communicates the inside and outside of the tube on the inner wall surface of the tube through which the irrigation liquid flows. An emitter for quantitatively discharging the irrigation liquid from the discharge port to the outside of the tube;
    A water intake section disposed on the first surface for taking in the irrigation liquid;
    A discharge part disposed on the second surface for discharging the irrigation liquid;
    A channel for connecting the water intake unit and the discharge unit, and for distributing the irrigation liquid;
    A sealed water storage portion disposed in the flow path, for storing sealed water;
    Having an emitter.
  2. 　前記封水収容部は、
    　前記流路の底面に開口し、かつ前記灌漑用液体の流れ方向に対して横断する方向に沿って延在している凹条と、
    　前記凹条の内面から離間するように前記凹条内に配置され、前記凹条に沿って延在している凸条と、
    　を有する、請求項１に記載のエミッタ。     The sealed water container is
    A recess that opens in the bottom surface of the flow path and extends along a direction transverse to the flow direction of the irrigation liquid;
    A ridge that is disposed within the groove and extends along the groove, and is spaced from the inner surface of the groove;
    The emitter of claim 1, comprising:
  3. 　前記エミッタは、少なくとも、前記第１面および前記第２面を有するエミッタ本体と、前記第１面に接合されており、かつ前記凸条を有するカバーと、によって構成されており、
    　前記エミッタは、
    　前記第１面に配置され、前記カバーによって開口部を塞がれている逆流防止用凹部と、
    　前記逆流防止用凹部の内面に開口し、前記流路の上流側に連通している第１貫通孔と、
    　前記逆流防止用凹部の内面に開口し、前記吐出部に連通している第２貫通孔と、
    　をさらに有し、
    　前記凹条は、前記逆流防止用凹部の底面に配置されており、
    　前記凸条は、前記逆流防止用凹部側に突出するように前記カバーに配置されている、
    　請求項２に記載のエミッタ。     The emitter is composed of at least an emitter body having the first surface and the second surface, and a cover joined to the first surface and having the ridges,
    The emitter is
    A recess for preventing backflow, which is disposed on the first surface and whose opening is blocked by the cover;
    A first through hole that opens to the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess and communicates with the upstream side of the flow path;
    A second through hole that opens to the inner surface of the backflow prevention recess and communicates with the discharge portion;
    Further comprising
    The recess is disposed on the bottom surface of the backflow prevention recess,
    The protrusion is disposed on the cover so as to protrude toward the backflow prevention recess.
    The emitter according to claim 2.
  4. 　前記凹条は、前記第１貫通孔および前記第２貫通孔のいずれかの開口部を取り囲むように配置されている、請求項３に記載のエミッタ。 The emitter according to claim 3, wherein the concave stripe is disposed so as to surround an opening of either the first through hole or the second through hole.
  5. 　前記エミッタは、少なくとも、前記エミッタ本体と、前記カバーと、前記第１面に接合されている可撓性を有する樹脂製のフィルムと、によって構成されており、
    　前記エミッタは、前記流路において前記封水収容部の上流に配置されており、前記チューブ内の前記灌漑用液体の圧力による前記フィルムの変形に応じて、前記灌漑用液体の流量を減少させるための流量減少部をさらに有する、
    　請求項３または請求項４に記載のエミッタ。     The emitter is constituted by at least the emitter body, the cover, and a flexible resin film bonded to the first surface,
    The emitter is disposed upstream of the sealed water storage portion in the flow path, and reduces the flow rate of the irrigation liquid according to deformation of the film due to the pressure of the irrigation liquid in the tube. A flow rate reduction part
    The emitter according to claim 3 or 4.
  6. 　前記カバーおよび前記フィルムは、別体である、請求項５に記載のエミッタ。 The emitter according to claim 5, wherein the cover and the film are separate bodies.
  7. 　前記カバーは、剛性を有する材料で形成されている、請求項３～６のいずれか一項に記載のエミッタ。 The emitter according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the cover is formed of a material having rigidity.
  8. 　前記カバーおよび前記フィルムは、一体である、請求項５に記載のエミッタ。 The emitter according to claim 5, wherein the cover and the film are integral.
  9. 　灌漑用液体を吐出するための吐出口を有するチューブと、
    　前記チューブの内壁面の前記吐出口に対応する位置に接合された、請求項１～８のいずれか一項に記載のエミッタと、
    　を有する、点滴灌漑用チューブ。     A tube having a discharge port for discharging irrigation liquid;
    The emitter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is bonded to a position corresponding to the discharge port of the inner wall surface of the tube;
    Having a drip irrigation tube.
PCT/JP2018/010943 2017-04-12 2018-03-20 Emitter, and tube for drip irrigation WO2018190083A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2017078665A JP6831741B2 (en) 2017-04-12 2017-04-12 Emitter and drip irrigation tubes
JP2017-078665 2017-04-12

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150041563A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-12 Rain Bird Corporation Elastomeric emitter and methods relating to same
WO2015105082A1 (en) * 2014-01-10 2015-07-16 株式会社エンプラス Emitter and drip irrigation tube
WO2017057034A1 (en) * 2015-10-01 2017-04-06 株式会社エンプラス Emitter and drip irrigation tube
WO2018025682A1 (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-08 株式会社エンプラス Emitter and drip-irrigation tube

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150041563A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-12 Rain Bird Corporation Elastomeric emitter and methods relating to same
WO2015105082A1 (en) * 2014-01-10 2015-07-16 株式会社エンプラス Emitter and drip irrigation tube
WO2017057034A1 (en) * 2015-10-01 2017-04-06 株式会社エンプラス Emitter and drip irrigation tube
WO2018025682A1 (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-08 株式会社エンプラス Emitter and drip-irrigation tube

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JP2018174788A (en) 2018-11-15
JP6831741B2 (en) 2021-02-17

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