WO2018171396A1

WO2018171396A1 - Data transmission method, device and system

Info

Publication number: WO2018171396A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/077521
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张征; 喻敬海
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2017-03-22
Filing date: 2018-02-28
Publication date: 2018-09-27
Also published as: CN108632678A; CN108632678B

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a data transmission method, device and system, the data transmission method comprising: a bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) domain entry device receives a message (S201); and the BIER domain entry device, after confirming that the received message has a predetermined flow characteristic, encapsulates the message as a BIER message and forwards the BIER message, wherein a destination node indicated by a BIER header of the BIER message is a BIER domain exit device corresponding to the flow characteristic (S202).

Description

一种数据传输方法、装置及***Data transmission method, device and system

技术领域Technical field

本文涉及但不限于通信领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法、装置及***。This document relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communications, and in particular, to a data transmission method, apparatus and system.

背景技术Background technique

OTT(Over The Top)是指通过互联网向用户提供各种应用服务。这种应用和目前运营商所提供的通信业务不同，它仅利用运营商的网络，而服务由运营商之外的第三方提供。目前，典型的OTT业务有互联网电视业务、苹果应用商店等。直播技术是OTT的重要业务之一。随着互联网技术的发展，直播正在发挥越来越重要的作用，包括教学的课程直播、会议直播、医疗的手术直播、娱乐的游戏直播、晚会直播等等。直播技术对网络的带宽具有很高的要求，随着用户数量的指数级上升、直播清晰度等需求的不断增加，网络带宽越来越不能满足需求。OTT (Over The Top) refers to providing various application services to users through the Internet. This kind of application is different from the communication service provided by the current operator. It only uses the operator's network, and the service is provided by a third party other than the operator. At present, typical OTT services include Internet TV services, Apple App Stores, and the like. Live broadcast technology is one of the important businesses of OTT. With the development of Internet technology, live broadcast is playing an increasingly important role, including the live broadcast of the course, the live broadcast of the conference, the live broadcast of the medical operation, the live broadcast of the entertainment, the live broadcast of the party, and so on. The live broadcast technology has high requirements on the bandwidth of the network. As the number of users increases exponentially and the demand for live broadcast clarity increases, the network bandwidth is increasingly unable to meet the demand.

直播内容通过网络，点到点的发送到用户设备上，随着用户数量的增长，直播的内容服务器承受着越来越大的压力，同时，网络中的承载设备(如路由器和交换机设备)也在承受着巨大的流量压力。相当数量的相同报文经过同一台设备，对设备的带宽占用造成了巨大的浪费。The live content is sent to the user equipment through the network and point-to-point. As the number of users grows, the live content server is under increasing pressure. At the same time, the bearer devices (such as routers and switch devices) in the network also Being under tremendous pressure from the flow. A considerable number of identical packets pass through the same device, causing a huge waste of bandwidth usage of the device.

为了减轻直播业务所带来的流量压力，承载设备运用了一些技术来减轻流量负载。比如，图1中的CR(Core Router，骨干网路由器)设备，在收到OTT设备发过来的直播数据后，通过外置或者内置的服务器(这里假设为内置服务器)将其转换成组播组。这个转换的映射消息(Mapping Message)，需要同步到所有用户终端设备，比如用户家庭的调制解调器等，然后由用户终端设备向汇聚设备和接入设备，比如BNG(BroadBand Network Gateway，宽带网络网关)、SR(Service Router，业务路由器)，发送PIM(Protocol Independent Multicast，协议无关组播)、IGMP(Internet Control Message Protocol，网络控制信息协议)、或者MLD(Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol，组播侦听发现协议)的加入消息，BNG和SR再进一步往上游设备发PIM加入(Join)消息，在城域网(Metro)或者骨干网(Backbone)中建立组播树。CR设备在收到OTT服务器发来的数据流时，转换成传统组播流量，并根据网络中建立的组播树进行转发。BNG和SR收到流量后，再发送给与之相连的用户或者转发设备。用户终端设备在收到组播流后，转换成单播流量，再发送给用户用于收看的电视或者手机等。In order to reduce the traffic pressure caused by the live broadcast service, the bearer equipment uses some techniques to reduce the traffic load. For example, the CR (Core Router) device in Figure 1 converts the live data sent by the OTT device into a multicast group through an external or built-in server (here assumed to be a built-in server). . The converted mapping message needs to be synchronized to all user terminal devices, such as a modem of the user's home, and then by the user terminal device to the aggregation device and the access device, such as a BNG (Broadband Network Gateway). SR (Service Router), which sends PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast), IGMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), or Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol (MLD) After the join message, the BNG and the SR further send a PIM Join message to the upstream device to establish a multicast tree in the Metro or Backbone. When receiving the data stream sent by the OTT server, the CR device converts it into traditional multicast traffic and forwards it according to the multicast tree established in the network. After receiving the traffic, the BNG and the SR send the traffic to the connected user or the forwarding device. After receiving the multicast stream, the user terminal device converts the unicast traffic to the user for viewing the television or mobile phone.

发明内容Summary of the invention

以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。The following is an overview of the topics detailed in this document. This Summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法、装置及***，能够实现将BIER技术用于网络单播业务，从而节省网络带宽，提高传输效率，提升用户体验。The embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, device, and system, which can implement the BIER technology for network unicast services, thereby saving network bandwidth, improving transmission efficiency, and improving user experience.

第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法，包括：In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:

BIER域入口设备接收报文；在所述BIER域入口设备确认接收到的所述报文具有预定的流量特性之后，所述BIER域入口设备将所述报文封装为BIER报文，并转发所述BIER报文；其中，所述BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为所述流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备。The BIER domain ingress device receives the packet; after the BIER domain ingress device confirms that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the packet into a BIER packet and forwards the packet And the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.

其中，每一种预定的流量特性可以用于指示一个单播业务。Each of the predetermined traffic characteristics can be used to indicate a unicast service.

其中，所述流量特性可以包括IP报文特性元素的任意组合。The traffic characteristics may include any combination of IP message characteristic elements.

其中，上述方法还可以包括以下至少之一：The above method may further include at least one of the following:

所述BIER域入口设备配置预定的流量特性；或者，The BIER domain ingress device configures a predetermined traffic characteristic; or

所述BIER域入口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的流量特性信息，确定预定的流量特性。The BIER domain ingress device determines the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the traffic characteristic information delivered by the network management system or the central controller.

其中，所述BIER域入口设备将所述报文封装为BIER报文之前，上述方法还可以包括以下至少之一：Before the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the packet into a BIER packet, the foregoing method may further include at least one of the following:

所述BIER域入口设备配置所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；The BIER domain ingress device configures one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics;

所述BIER域入口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；The BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;

所述BIER域入口设备根据一个或多个BIER域出口设备通过BIER Overlay协议发送的针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备。The BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the one or more BIER domain egress devices through the BIER Overlay protocol.

其中，所述BIER Overlay协议可以包括以下至少之一：MLD协议、IGMP、PIM协议、BGP、OSPF协议、ISIS协议、Babel协议。The BIER Overlay protocol may include at least one of the following: MLD protocol, IGMP, PIM protocol, BGP, OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol, and Babel protocol.

第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法，包括：In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:

BIER域出口设备解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；The BIER domain egress device decapsulates the received BIER packet, and obtains the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics carried therein;

所述BIER域出口设备将所述报文转发给和所述BIER域出口设备连接且需要所述报文的设备。The BIER domain egress device forwards the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.

其中，上述方法还可以包括：The above method may further include:

所述BIER域出口设备确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文；Determining, by the BIER domain egress device, whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic;

所述BIER域出口设备在确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项需要具有所述预定的流量特性的报文时，通过BIER Overlay协议，发送针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息给BIER域入口设备。And the BIER domain egress device sends, by using the BIER Overlay protocol, the predetermined traffic characteristic, when determining that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the device needs to have the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic. Obtain information for the BIER domain entry device.

其中，所述BIER域出口设备确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文，可以包括以下至少之一：The BIER domain egress device determines whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the device needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic, and may include at least one of the following:

所述BIER域出口设备根据配置信息，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；Determining, by the BIER domain egress device, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic according to the configuration information;

所述BIER域出口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；The BIER domain egress device determines, according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic;

所述BIER域出口设备根据用户终端的流量需求请求，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备。The BIER domain egress device determines, according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic.

第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域入口设备，包括：In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, and includes:

第一接收模块，设置为接收报文；a first receiving module, configured to receive a message;

第一处理模块，设置为在确认所述接收模块收到的报文具有预定的流量特性之后，将所述报文封装为BIER报文；其中，所述BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为所述流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备；The first processing module is configured to: after confirming that the packet received by the receiving module has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet; wherein the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic;

第一发送模块，设置为转发所述BIER报文。The first sending module is configured to forward the BIER message.

其中，上述装置还可以包括以下至少之一：Wherein, the above device may further include at least one of the following:

流量特性配置模块，设置为配置预定的流量特性；The traffic characteristic configuration module is configured to configure a predetermined traffic characteristic;

流量特性确定模块，设置为根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的流量特性信息，确定预定的流量特性。The traffic characteristic determining module is configured to determine a predetermined traffic characteristic according to the traffic characteristic information delivered by the network management system or the central controller.

出口设备配置模块，设置为配置所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；An egress device configuration module, configured to configure one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics;

第一出口设备确定模块，设置为根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；a first egress device determining module, configured to determine one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction sent by the network management system or the central controller;

第二出口设备确定模块，设置为根据一个或多个BIER域出口设备通过BIER Overlay协议发送的针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备。a second egress device determining module, configured to determine one or more BIER domains corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquiring information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the BIER Overlay protocol by one or more BIER domain egress devices Export equipment.

第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域出口设备，包括：In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission device, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, and includes:

第二接收模块，设置为接收BIER报文；a second receiving module, configured to receive a BIER message;

第二处理模块，设置为解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；a second processing module, configured to decapsulate the received BIER packet, and obtain a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein;

第二发送模块，设置为将所述报文转发给和所述BIER域出口设备连接且需要所述报文的设备。The second sending module is configured to forward the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.

其中，上述装置还可以包括：Wherein, the above device may further comprise:

需求确定模块，设置为确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文；a requirement determining module, configured to determine whether at least one of a next-level forwarding device and a user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic;

第三发送模块，设置为在所述需求确定模块确定与所述BIER域出口设备连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项需要具有所述预定的流量特性的报文时，通过BIER Overlay协议，发送针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息给BIER域入口设备。a third sending module, configured to: when the requirement determining module determines that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs to have the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic, pass the BIER The Overlay protocol sends the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics to the BIER domain ingress device.

其中，所述需求确定模块可以设置为通过以下至少一种方式确定与所述BIER域出口设备连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文：The requirement determining module may be configured to determine, by at least one of the following, whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs to have a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic:

根据配置信息，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；Determining, according to the configuration information, a device that needs a message with a predetermined traffic characteristic;

根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；Determining a device that requires a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;

根据用户终端的流量需求请求，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备。The device that needs the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic is determined according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal.

第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输***，包括如第三方面所述的BIER域入口设备以及如第四方面所述的BIER域出口设备。In a fifth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission system, including the BIER domain ingress device according to the third aspect, and the BIER domain egress device according to the fourth aspect.

第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域入口设备，包括：传输模块、存储器以及处理器；其中，所述存储器设置为存储用于数据传输的程序；该用于数据传输的程序在被所述处理器读取执行时，执行以下操作：通过所述传输模块接收报文；在确认接收到的所述报文具有预定的流量特性之后，将所述报文封装为BIER报文，并通过所述传输模块转发所述BIER报文；其中，所述BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为所述流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备。In a sixth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, including: a transmission module, a memory, and a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store a program for data transmission; The program for data transmission, when being read and executed by the processor, performs the following operations: receiving a message through the transmission module; and encapsulating the message after confirming that the received message has a predetermined traffic characteristic And is a BIER packet, and the BIER packet is forwarded by the BIER header. The destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.

第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域出口设备，包括：传输模块、存储器以及处理器；其中，所述存储器设置为存储用于数据传输的程序；该用于数据传输的程序在被所述处理器读取执行时，执行以下操作：解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；通过所述传输模块将所述报文转发给与所述BIER域出口设备连接且需要所述报文的设备。In a seventh aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, including: a transmission module, a memory, and a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store a program for data transmission; The program of the data transmission, when being read and executed by the processor, performs the following operations: decapsulating the received BIER message, and acquiring a message having a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein; and the report is sent by the transmission module The file is forwarded to the device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the message.

另外，本申请实施例还提供一种机器可读介质，存储有多个指令，当所述多个指令被一个或多个处理器执行时实现第一方面所述的数据传输方法。In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method according to the first aspect when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.

本申请实施例还提供一种机器可读介质，存储有多个指令，当所述多个指令被一个或多个处理器执行时实现第二方面所述的数据传输方法。The embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method of the second aspect when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.

通过本申请，能够将BIER技术用于网络单播业务，通过特定的转换方式，使流量能够简单高效地利用BIER技术进行传输，节约了大量的网络带宽，几乎不受网络变化的影响，并且能很好地支持用户或者源设备的移动性。对单播技术和网络的发展有非常重要的促进作用。Through the application, the BIER technology can be used for the network unicast service, and the traffic can be easily and efficiently transmitted by using the BIER technology through a specific conversion mode, which saves a large amount of network bandwidth, is hardly affected by network changes, and can It supports the mobility of users or source devices very well. It plays a very important role in promoting the development of unicast technology and networks.

在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。Other aspects will be apparent upon reading and understanding the drawings and detailed description.

附图概述BRIEF abstract

图1为直播网络数据传输的示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of data transmission of a live network;

图2为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图；2 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种数据传输方法的流程图；FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

图4为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种数据传输装置的示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图6为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输***的实施示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of implementation of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application;

图7为本申请实施例的协议格式定义示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a protocol format definition according to an embodiment of the present application;

图8为本申请实施例一的实施示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the implementation of the first embodiment of the present application;

图9为本申请实施例二的实施示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of implementation of Embodiment 2 of the present application;

图10为本申请实施例三的实施示意图；Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the implementation of the third embodiment of the present application;

图11为本申请实施例四的实施示意图；11 is a schematic diagram of implementation of Embodiment 4 of the present application;

图12为本申请实施例五的实施示意图；12 is a schematic diagram of implementation of Embodiment 5 of the present application;

图13为本申请实施例六的实施示意图；13 is a schematic diagram of implementation of Embodiment 6 of the present application;

图14为本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的硬件结构示意图；FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种数据传输装置的硬件结构示意图。FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of another data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the invention

以下结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细说明，应当理解，以下所说明的实施例仅用于说明和解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机***中执行。并且，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。The steps illustrated in the flowchart of the figures may be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions. Also, although logical sequences are shown in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the ones described herein.

背景技术中提到的应用方式，在一定程度上减轻了网络转发设备的负载，相同的数据流量将只被转发一次。然而，这样的方式也存在一定的弊端。首先，网络中建立组播树的时延较长，一旦网络拓扑出现变化，组播树将重新建立，耗时较长。其次，这种方式适合比较固定无变化的网络，如果用户在移动，比如用户接入从一台BNG移动到另外一台BNG，组播树需要重新建立，耗时达到几秒甚至几十秒级，对用户的无间断直播会产生断流的影响，非常影响用户的观看体验。再次，由于对于特定的流量需要进行映射处理，在直播数量庞大的情况下，对此分配的组播组数量会同样庞大，组播组的资源是有限的，直播业务是无限增长的，必然面临没有组播组可分配的窘境。另外，所有的用户终端设备都必须参与组播树的建立过程，整个组播树建立的路径长，更容易受到链路状态变化的影响。The application mode mentioned in the background technology reduces the load of the network forwarding device to a certain extent, and the same data traffic will be forwarded only once. However, there are certain drawbacks to this approach. First, the delay of establishing a multicast tree in the network is long. Once the network topology changes, the multicast tree will be re-established and takes a long time. Secondly, this method is suitable for comparing fixed and unchanged networks. If the user moves, for example, the user access moves from one BNG to another BNG, the multicast tree needs to be re-established, which takes several seconds or even tens of seconds. The uninterrupted live broadcast of the user will have a disruption effect, which greatly affects the user's viewing experience. Again, because mapping processing is required for a specific traffic, the number of multicast groups allocated to this group is also large in the case of a large number of live broadcasts. The resources of the multicast group are limited, and the live broadcast service is infinitely growing, which is bound to face There is no environment that can be assigned by a multicast group. In addition, all user equipments must participate in the process of establishing a multicast tree. The path established by the entire multicast tree is long and is more susceptible to link state changes.

BIER(Bit Indexed Explicit Replication，位索引显式复制)是一种组播数据转发技术，将网络边缘的节点都只用一个BIT(位)来表示，组播流量在中间网络传输，额外封装一个特定的BIER头，这个报文头以BIT位串的形式标注了该组播流的所有目的节点，中间转发节点根据BIT进行路由，保障流量能够发送到所有目的节点。中间转发节点事先通过内部协议，比如三层网络中的OSPF(Open Shortest Path First，开放式最短路径优先)协议、ISIS (Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System，中间***到中间***)协议、BGP(Border Gateway Protocol，边界网关协议)或者Babel协议等来泛洪和发送节点信息，形成用于指导BIER转发的BIFT(Bit Index Forwarding Table，位索引转发表)，在收到封装BIER头的流量时，依据BIFT来完成报文到目的节点的转发。BIER这种数据面转发技术因为没有组播树的建立问题，消除了组播树建立的时延，并且收敛速度同OSPF和ISIS协议，比原来的组播树重建降低了巨大的时延。BIER (Bit Indexed Explicit Replication) is a multicast data forwarding technology. The nodes at the edge of the network are represented by only one BIT (bit). The multicast traffic is transmitted in the intermediate network and encapsulates a specific one. The BIER header, this message header marks all destination nodes of the multicast stream in the form of a BIT bit string, and the intermediate forwarding node routes according to the BIT, so that the guaranteed traffic can be sent to all destination nodes. The intermediate forwarding node passes the internal protocol in advance, such as OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol, ISIS (Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System) protocol, and BGP (Border) in the Layer 3 network. Gateway Protocol (Border Gateway Protocol) or Babel protocol to flood and send node information to form a BIFT (Bit Index Forwarding Table) for guiding BIER forwarding. When receiving the traffic of the encapsulated BIER header, BIFT completes the forwarding of packets to the destination node. Because of the lack of multicast tree establishment, BIER's data plane forwarding technology eliminates the delay of multicast tree establishment, and the convergence speed is the same as that of OSPF and ISIS, which reduces the huge delay compared with the original multicast tree reconstruction.

BIER技术在传递组播业务上具有优势，然而，由于直播业务是单播流量，无法使用BIER技术作为承载，目前的BIER技术无法应用于直播业务场景。The BIER technology has an advantage in delivering multicast services. However, since the live broadcast service is unicast traffic, the BIER technology cannot be used as a bearer. The current BIER technology cannot be applied to the live broadcast service scenario.

本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法、装置及***，实现将BIER技术应用于网络单播业务，使得单播流量能够简单高效地利用BIER技术进行传输，从而节约网络带宽，避免网络变化产生的数据传输影响，以支持用户或源设备的移动性。The embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, device, and system, which implements the BIER technology applied to a network unicast service, so that unicast traffic can be easily and efficiently transmitted by using BIER technology, thereby saving network bandwidth and avoiding network changes. Data transfer impact to support mobility of users or source devices.

如图2所示，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法，应用于BIER域入口设备，包括：As shown in FIG. 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, and includes:

S201、BIER域入口设备接收报文；S201. The BIER domain ingress device receives the packet.

S202、在BIER域入口设备确认接收到的报文具有预定的流量特性之后，将该报文封装为BIER报文，并转发该BIER报文；其中，该BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为该流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备。S202. After the BIER domain ingress device confirms that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet, and the BIER packet is forwarded. The destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is sent. The BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.

其中，每一种预定的流量特性可以用于指示一个单播业务，比如，直播业务。换言之，本实施例BIER域入口设备通过预定的流量特性鉴别收到的单播流量，并将单播流量封装为BIER报文进行转发。Each of the predetermined traffic characteristics can be used to indicate a unicast service, such as a live broadcast service. In other words, the BIER domain ingress device in this embodiment authenticates the received unicast traffic by using a predetermined traffic characteristic, and encapsulates the unicast traffic into a BIER packet for forwarding.

其中，流量特性可以包括互联网协议(IP，Internet Protocol)报文特性元素的任意组合。比如，流量特性可以包括以下信息：源地址、目的地址、源端口、目的端口以及协议号；或者，源地址、源端口以及协议号；或者，目的地址、目的端口以及协议号；或者，源地址、源端口、目的地址、目的端口、协议号、服务类型以及接口索引。The traffic characteristics may include any combination of Internet Protocol (IP) message characteristic elements. For example, the traffic characteristics may include the following information: source address, destination address, source port, destination port, and protocol number; or source address, source port, and protocol number; or destination address, destination port, and protocol number; or, source address Source port, destination address, destination port, protocol number, service type, and interface index.

其中，本实施例的方法还可以包括以下至少之一：The method of this embodiment may further include at least one of the following:

BIER域入口设备配置预定的流量特性；或者，The BIER domain ingress device configures the scheduled traffic characteristics; or,

BIER域入口设备根据网络管理***(以下简称网管***)或中央控制器下发的流量特性信息，确定预定的流量特性。The BIER domain ingress device determines the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the traffic characteristic information sent by the network management system (hereinafter referred to as the network management system) or the central controller.

换言之，预定的流量特征可以通过静态配置方式确定，或者，根据网管***或中央控制器下发的信息确定。In other words, the predetermined traffic characteristics may be determined by static configuration, or determined according to information sent by the network management system or the central controller.

其中，BIER域入口设备将报文封装为BIER报文之前，本实施例的方法还可以包括以下至少之一：Before the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the packet into a BIER packet, the method in this embodiment may further include at least one of the following:

BIER域入口设备配置预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；The BIER domain ingress device configures one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics;

BIER域入口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；The BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;

BIER域入口设备根据一个或多个BIER域出口设备通过BIER覆盖(Overlay)协议发送的针对预定的流量特性的获取信息，确定预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备。The BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the one or more BIER domain egress devices through the BIER Overlay protocol.

本实施例中，BIER域入口设备封装的BIER头中指示的BIER域出口设备需要具有预定的流量特性的报文；其中，哪些BIER域出口设备需要哪些流量特性的报文，可以根据配置信息确定，或者，根据网管***或中央控制器下发的信息确定，或者，根据BIER域出口设备发送的请求确定。In this embodiment, the BIER domain egress device indicated in the BIER header of the BIER domain ingress device encapsulation device needs to have a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic, and the packets of which traffic characteristics are required by the BIER domain egress device may be determined according to the configuration information. Or, determined according to the information sent by the network management system or the central controller, or determined according to the request sent by the BIER domain egress device.

其中，BIER Overlay协议可以包括以下至少之一：MLD协议、IGMP、PIM协议、BGP、OSPF协议、ISIS协议、Babel协议。The BIER Overlay protocol may include at least one of the following: MLD protocol, IGMP, PIM protocol, BGP, OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol, and Babel protocol.

在示例性实施方式中，当在城域网部署BIER域时，BIER域入口设备可以包括：连接骨干网络的CR，BIER域出口设备可以包括以下至少之一：BNG、SR；当在骨干网络部署BIER域时，BIER域入口设备可以包括：连接OTT直播业务的CR，BIER域出口设备可以包括：除BIER域入口设备外的一个或多个CR；当在汇聚接入设备及其下一级转发设备之间部署BIER域时，BIER域入口设备可以包括以下之一：BNG、SR；BIER域出口设备可以包括以下至少之一：光缆终端设备(OLT)、数字用户线路接入复用器(DSLAM)、交换机(Switch)、路由器。In an exemplary embodiment, when the BIER domain is deployed on the metropolitan area network, the BIER domain ingress device may include: a CR that connects to the backbone network, and the BIER domain egress device may include at least one of the following: BNG, SR; when deployed in the backbone network In the BIER domain, the BIER domain ingress device may include: a CR that connects to the OTT live service, and the BIER domain egress device may include: one or more CRs other than the BIER domain ingress device; when the aggregation access device and its next level are forwarded When a BIER domain is deployed between devices, the BIER domain ingress device may include one of the following: BNG, SR; the BIER domain egress device may include at least one of the following: an optical cable terminal device (OLT), a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) ), switch (Switch), router.

如图3所示，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法，应用于BIER域出口设备，包括：As shown in FIG. 3, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, and includes:

S301、BIER域出口设备解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；S301. The BIER domain egress device decapsulates the received BIER packet, and obtains a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein.

S302、BIER域出口设备将获取的报文转发给和BIER域出口设备连接且需要该报文的设备。S302: The BIER domain egress device forwards the obtained packet to the device connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.

其中，每一种预定的流量特性可以用于指示一个单播业务，比如，直播业务。本实施例中，BIER域出口设备通过解封装BIER报文可以得到单播流量，并将单播流量转发到需要该单播流量且与其直接连接的用户终端或下一级转发设备。Each of the predetermined traffic characteristics can be used to indicate a unicast service, such as a live broadcast service. In this embodiment, the BIER domain egress device can obtain the unicast traffic by decapsulating the BIER packet, and forward the unicast traffic to the user terminal or the next-level forwarding device that needs to be directly connected to the unicast traffic.

其中，流量特性可以包括IP报文特性元素的任意组合。比如，流量特性可以包括以下信息：源地址、目的地址、源端口、目的端口以及协议号；或者，源地址、源端口以及协议号；或者，目的地址、目的端口以及协议号；或者，源地址、源端口、目的地址、目的端口、协议号、服务类型以及接口索引。The traffic characteristics may include any combination of IP message characteristic elements. For example, the traffic characteristics may include the following information: source address, destination address, source port, destination port, and protocol number; or source address, source port, and protocol number; or destination address, destination port, and protocol number; or, source address Source port, destination address, destination port, protocol number, service type, and interface index.

其中，本实施例的方法还可以包括：The method in this embodiment may further include:

BIER域出口设备确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文；The BIER domain egress device determines whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic;

BIER域出口设备在确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项需要具有预定的流量特性的报文时，通过BIER Overlay协议，发送针对预定的流量特性的获取信息给BIER域入口设备。The BIER domain egress device sends the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics to the BIER domain portal through the BIER Overlay protocol when at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal that is connected to it needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic. device.

本实施例中，BIER域出口设备可以通过向BIER域入口设备发送对单播流量的获取信息，将对单播流量的需求告知BIER域入口设备，以便BIER域入口设备在进行BIER域封装时，确定相应的单播流量对应的BIER域出口设备。In this embodiment, the BIER domain egress device can send the information about the unicast traffic to the BIER domain ingress device, and notify the BIER domain ingress device of the unicast traffic requirement, so that the BIER domain ingress device performs the BIER domain encapsulation. Determine the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the corresponding unicast traffic.

其中，BIER域出口设备确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文，可以包括以下至少之一：The BIER domain egress device determines whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the device needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic, and may include at least one of the following:

BIER域出口设备根据配置信息，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；The BIER domain egress device determines, according to the configuration information, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic.

BIER域出口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；The BIER domain egress device determines, according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic;

BIER域出口设备根据用户终端的流量需求请求，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备。The BIER domain egress device determines the device that needs the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal.

如图4所示，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域入口设备，包括：As shown in FIG. 4, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, and includes:

第一接收模块401，设置为接收报文；The first receiving module 401 is configured to receive a message;

第一处理模块402，设置为在确认接收模块401收到的报文具有预定的流量特性之后，将该报文封装为BIER报文；其中，BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为该流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备；The first processing module 402 is configured to: after confirming that the packet received by the receiving module 401 has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet; wherein the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is the traffic. BIER domain export device corresponding to the feature;

第一发送模块403，设置为转发该BIER报文。The first sending module 403 is configured to forward the BIER message.

其中，本实施例的装置还可以包括以下至少之一：The apparatus of this embodiment may further include at least one of the following:

出口设备配置模块，设置为配置预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；The egress device configuration module is configured to configure one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics;

第一出口设备确定模块，设置为根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；a first egress device determining module, configured to determine one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;

第二出口设备确定模块，设置为根据一个或多个BIER域出口设备通过BIER Overlay协议发送的针对预定的流量特性的获取信息，确定预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备。The second egress device determining module is configured to determine one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquiring information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the one or more BIER domain egress devices through the BIER Overlay protocol.

关于本实施例的装置的相关说明可以参照图2所示的方法实施例，故于此不再赘述。For a description of the device in this embodiment, reference may be made to the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and thus no further details are provided herein.

如图5所示，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域出口设备，包括：As shown in FIG. 5, the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, and includes:

第二接收模块501，设置为接收BIER报文；The second receiving module 501 is configured to receive a BIER message;

第二处理模块502，设置为解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；The second processing module 502 is configured to decapsulate the received BIER packet, and obtain a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein;

第二发送模块503，设置为将该报文转发给和BIER域出口设备连接且需要该报文的设备。The second sending module 503 is configured to forward the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.

其中，本实施例的装置还可以包括：The device of this embodiment may further include:

第三发送模块，设置为在需求确定模块确定与BIER域出口设备连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项需要具有预定的流量特性的报文时，通过BIER Overlay协议，发送针对预定的流量特性的获取信息给BIER域入口设备。And a third sending module, configured to: when the requirement determining module determines that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic, sending, by using a BIER Overlay protocol, the request The information of the traffic characteristics is obtained to the BIER domain entry device.

其中，需求确定模块可以用于通过以下至少一种方式确定与BIER域出口设备连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文：The requirement determining module may be configured to determine, by using at least one of the following, whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic:

关于本实施例的装置的相关说明可以参照图3所示的方法实施例，故于此不再赘述。For a description of the device in this embodiment, reference may be made to the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and thus no further details are provided herein.

本申请实施例还提供一种数据传输***，包括：BIER域入口设备和BIER域出口设备。关于BIER域入口设备和BIER域出口设备的相关说明可以参照图4和图5所示的装置实施例的描述，故于此不再赘述。The embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission system, including: a BIER domain ingress device and a BIER domain egress device. For a description of the BIER domain ingress device and the BIER domain egress device, reference may be made to the description of the device embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, and thus no further details are provided herein.

如图6所示，本申请实施例提供的数据传输***的实施过程可以包括：As shown in FIG. 6, the implementation process of the data transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present application may include:

S601、BIER域入口设备在收到具有预定的流量特性的报文后，在该报文前面封装BIER头，将该报文作为BIER报文的负载，并转发封装后的BIER报文；其中，将BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点设置为该流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备。After receiving the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics, the S601, the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the BIER header in front of the packet, and uses the packet as the payload of the BIER packet, and forwards the encapsulated BIER packet. The destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is set as the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.

S602、BIER报文经过BIER域内的转发，发送到BIER域出口设备(也就是边缘接入方向的设备)时，BIER域出口设备将BIER报文的BIER头去掉，得到该报文，并根据用户需求转发该报文。When the S602 and BIER packets are forwarded in the BIER domain and sent to the BIER domain egress device (that is, the device in the edge access direction), the BIER domain egress device removes the BIER header of the BIER packet to obtain the packet, and obtains the packet according to the user. The request forwards the message.

比如，根据BIER报文的负载内的具有预定的流量特性的报文，判断本设备是否有用户需要这样的报文，若有需要该报文的用户，则转发给相应的用户或者下一级转发设备。For example, according to the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics in the load of the BIER packet, it is determined whether the user needs such a packet, and if there is a user who needs the packet, the user is forwarded to the corresponding user or the next level. Forward the device.

本实施例中，BIER域入口设备(比如，连接OTT的CR，或者其他任意BIER域入口设备)可以配置需要转换为BIER报文的流量特性，用以鉴别从OTT或者其他设备所收到的流量是否为需要通过BIER域传输的流量。其中，流量特性可以是包括源地址、目的地址、源端口、目的端口、协议号的五元组，也可以是仅有源地址、源端口、协议号或者目的地址、目的端口、协议号的三元组，或者可以是更为详细的源地址、源端口、目的地址、目的端口、协议号、服务类型、接口索引等的七元组信息。选择哪种方式定义流量特性可以根据具体的业务情况而定。本申请对此并不限定。In this embodiment, the BIER domain ingress device (for example, the CR connected to the OTT or any other BIER domain ingress device) can configure the traffic characteristics that need to be converted into BIER packets to identify the traffic received from the OTT or other device. Whether it is traffic that needs to be transmitted through the BIER domain. The traffic characteristic may be a quintuple including a source address, a destination address, a source port, a destination port, and a protocol number, or a source address, a source port, a protocol number, or a destination address, a destination port, and a protocol number. A tuple, or a more detailed source information of a source address, a source port, a destination address, a destination port, a protocol number, a service type, an interface index, and the like. Which method is chosen to define the traffic characteristics can be based on specific business conditions. This application is not limited thereto.

除了上述静态配置的方式，在使用网管***或者中央控制器的网络，可以由网管***或者中央控制器下发需要转为BIER报文的流量特性到BIER域入口设备(比如CR)上。In addition to the above static configuration, in the network using the network management system or the central controller, the network management system or the central controller can deliver the traffic characteristics that need to be converted into BIER packets to the BIER domain entry device (such as CR).

通过确定需要转换为BIER报文的流量特性，可以将直播业务与BIER转发联系起来，将BIER技术应用于直播业务场景；网络中无需建立组播树；直播业务与BIER的映射与本身直播业务的数量无关，不会面临为直播业务分配组地址数目太多导致无组播地址可分配的问题。By determining the traffic characteristics that need to be converted into BIER packets, the live broadcast service can be associated with the BIER forwarding, and the BIER technology can be applied to the live broadcast service scenario; there is no need to establish a multicast tree in the network; the mapping between the live broadcast service and the BIER and the live broadcast service Regardless of the quantity, there is no problem that the number of group addresses allocated for the live broadcast service is too large, resulting in no multicast address being assignable.

本实施例中，在收到具有流量特性的报文后，BIER域入口设备需要确定封装到BIER头的BIER域出口设备。比如，BIER域入口设备可以通过以下一种或多种方式确定：In this embodiment, after receiving the packet with the traffic characteristic, the BIER domain ingress device needs to determine the BIER domain egress device encapsulated in the BIER header. For example, the BIER domain entry device can be determined by one or more of the following methods:

在BIER域入口设备上配置好对应预定的流量特性的BIER域出口设备，比如，城域网中用户接入的BNG、SR等设备；Configure the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the scheduled traffic characteristics on the ingress device of the BIER domain, for example, the BNG and SR devices accessed by users in the metropolitan area network.

在具有网管***或者中央控制器的网络里，也可以由网管***或者中央控制器下发指令，指示预定的流量特性的BIER域出口设备；In a network with a network management system or a central controller, the network management system or the central controller may also issue an instruction to indicate a BIER domain exit device with predetermined traffic characteristics;

BIER域入口设备可以动态获取需要发送的BIER域出口设备的信息，比如城域网的BNG和SR等接入设备；其中，BIER域出口设备(比如，BNG、SR等)在确定本设备有用户或者下一级汇聚接入设备需要某直播业务流量时，可以通过MLD、IGMP等BIER Overlay层网络协议，发送对特性流量的获取信息到BIER域入口设备(比如，可能转发OTT流量的CR)，BIER域入口设备记录下这些需要特性流量的BIER域出口设备的信息，以便进行相应流量的封装。The BIER domain ingress device can dynamically obtain information about the BIER domain egress device to be sent, such as the BNG and SR access devices of the metropolitan area network. The BIER domain egress device (for example, BNG, SR, etc.) determines that the device has users. Or, when the next-level aggregation access device needs a live broadcast service traffic, the BIER Overlay layer network protocol, such as MLD or IGMP, can be used to send the information about the characteristic traffic to the BIER domain ingress device (for example, the CR that may forward the OTT traffic). The BIER domain ingress device records the information of these BIER domain egress devices that require characteristic traffic to encapsulate the corresponding traffic.

其中，以城域网为例，BIER域出口设备可以通过以下至少一种方式确定本设备是否有需要直播业务的用户：The metropolitan area network is used as an example. The BIER domain egress device can determine whether the device has a live broadcast service by using at least one of the following methods:

方式一、BIER域出口设备(比如，BNG或者SR这样的接近用户侧设备)在确定有用户需要接收某特性流量时，可以直接进行配置，以表明部分或者全部用户，或者下一级更接近用户的设备需要具有该特性的流量，BIER域出口设备可以直接根据配置信息转发流量给下一级更接近用户的设备或者用户本身；Method 1: The BIER domain egress device (for example, a user-side device such as BNG or SR) can directly configure to indicate that some users need to receive certain feature traffic to indicate some or all users, or the next level is closer to the user. The device needs traffic with this feature. The BIER domain egress device can forward traffic directly to the next-level device or the user itself according to the configuration information.

方式二、在具有网管***或者中央控制器的网络，类似BNG和SR这样的出口设备，也可以直接从网管***或者中央控制器获得特性流量的转发控制，并依照此控制来进行转发；Method 2: In a network with a network management system or a central controller, an export device such as BNG and SR can also obtain the forwarding control of characteristic traffic directly from the network management system or the central controller, and forward according to the control;

方式三、多类接入汇聚设备，在用户终端有接收某直播业务的需求时，将该直播业务对应的流量特性通知给BNG或者SR这样的BIER网络边缘设备，BNG或者SR设备在从BIER网络内收到BIER报文解除封装后，发现其中的流量特性符合用户需求，则发送给需要该特性流量的用户或者下一级接入汇聚设备。In the third mode, the multi-class access aggregation device notifies the traffic characteristics corresponding to the live broadcast service to the BIER network edge device such as BNG or SR when the user terminal needs to receive a live broadcast service, and the BNG or SR device is in the BIER network. After the BIER packet is decapsulated, it is sent to the user who needs the traffic of the feature or the access aggregation device of the next level.

其中，对于采用BIER Overlay协议来进行特性流量的交互时，可以采用如图7所示的协议报文扩展方式来进行。该协议扩展可以是MLD或IGMP协议扩展，也可以是PIM或BGP协议扩展，或者其他的路由协议方式，比如最短路径优先协议、中间***到中间***协议、Babel协议等。When the BIER Overlay protocol is used to perform the feature traffic exchange, the protocol packet extension mode shown in Figure 7 can be used. The protocol extension may be an MLD or IGMP protocol extension, or a PIM or BGP protocol extension, or other routing protocol methods, such as a shortest path priority protocol, an intermediate system to an intermediate system protocol, and a Babel protocol.

通告的流量特性可以是图7所示的五元组，包括源地址、目的地址、源端口、目的端口以及协议号。流量特性也可以是仅有源地址、源端口、协议号或者目的地址、目的端口和协议号的三元组，或者更为详细的源地址、源端口、目的地址、目的端口、协议号、服务类型及接口索引等的七元组信息。流量特性的具体定义可以根据具体的业务情况而定。The traffic characteristics of the advertisement may be a five-tuple as shown in FIG. 7, including a source address, a destination address, a source port, a destination port, and a protocol number. The traffic characteristics can also be a triplet with only the source address, source port, protocol number or destination address, destination port, and protocol number, or a more detailed source address, source port, destination address, destination port, protocol number, and service. Seven-tuple information such as type and interface index. The specific definition of the traffic characteristics can be determined according to the specific business conditions.

本实施例中，通过在BIER域入口设备进行直播业务流的BIER封装，在BIER域出口设备进行解封装，使得BIER技术可以应用于直播业务场景，并且能很好地支持用户移动性，用户在快速移动时无需重新触发组播树的建立，用户的直播业务所受到的影响能够减少到最小。In this embodiment, the BIER encapsulation of the BIER domain egress device is performed by decapsulating the BIER domain egress device in the BIER domain ingress device, so that the BIER technology can be applied to the live broadcast service scenario, and the user mobility can be well supported. When the fast move does not need to re-trigger the establishment of the multicast tree, the impact on the live broadcast service of the user can be minimized.

下面通过多个实施例对本申请的方案进行说明。The solution of the present application will be described below through various embodiments.

实施例一 Embodiment 1

如图8所示，这是一个组网方式与图1相似的网络，也是目前较常用的部署网络。整个城域网作为一个BIER域，连接骨干网络的CR作为该BIER域的入口设备，BNG和SR作为接近用户侧的设备，也是BIER域的出口设备。As shown in FIG. 8, this is a network similar to that of FIG. 1, and is also a commonly used deployment network. The entire metropolitan area network serves as a BIER domain. The CR that connects the backbone network serves as the ingress device of the BIER domain. The BNG and SR are devices close to the user side and are also the egress devices of the BIER domain.

CR直连OTT直播业务设备，或者接收到其他CR转发而来的OTT直播业务流量。假设某个直播业务受众非常广泛，所有的BNG和SR都需要作为出口设备来接收该直播业务流量并转发给用户或者下一级汇聚接入设备。在CR上直接配置该特性流量的BIER封装目的出口为所有的出口设备，例如这里的城域网BNG和SR等设备。The CR directly connects to the OTT live broadcast service device, or receives the OTT live broadcast service traffic forwarded by other CRs. Assume that a live broadcast service audience is very extensive. All BNGs and SRs need to be used as egress devices to receive the live broadcast service traffic and forward it to the user or the next-level aggregation access device. The BIER encapsulation destination that directly configures the characteristic traffic on the CR is all egress devices, such as the BNG and SR devices on the metropolitan area network.

在具有该特性的直播流量到达CR时，CR将该流量作为负载封装在BIER头后，并将BIER头的目的封装为该BIER域的所有出口设备。该BIER报文通过BIER域内的转发，到达所有的出口设备(包括BNG和SR)。When the live traffic with this feature reaches the CR, the CR encapsulates the traffic as a payload after the BIER header, and encapsulates the destination of the BIER header as all the egress devices of the BIER domain. The BIER message is forwarded through the BIER domain to all egress devices (including BNG and SR).

BNG和SR在收到封装BIER头的直播流量后，去掉BIER头，并将直播流量转发给用户或者下一级汇聚接入设备。After receiving the live traffic of the encapsulated BIER header, the BNG and the SR remove the BIER header and forward the live traffic to the user or the next-level aggregation access device.

实施例二 Embodiment 2

如图9所示，该网络组网同样是目前较常用的组网环境。假设某个OTT直播业务流量本身很巨大，比如虚拟现实数据，但受众群并不是非常广泛，也就是并非所有的BIER域出口设备都需要收到该直播流量。因此，首先需要确定该业务流量的BIER域出口设备集合，仍然可以采用实施例一中的配置方式，也就是仅配置部分出口设备为目的；也可以采用动态获取方式。As shown in FIG. 9, the network networking is also a commonly used networking environment. Assume that a certain OTT live traffic is very large, such as virtual reality data, but the audience is not very broad, that is, not all BIER domain export devices need to receive the live traffic. Therefore, the BIER domain egress device set of the service traffic needs to be determined first, and the configuration mode in the first embodiment can be used, that is, only a part of the egress device is configured; or the dynamic acquisition mode can also be adopted.

在动态获取方式中，BNG或者SR这样的边缘设备获知有接入的用户需要某特性流量时，通过BIER域边缘设备(也就是BNG、SR)与CR之间所运行的MLD/IGMP协议，或者PIM/BGP等协议扩展，发送流量特性(flow feature)到CR上。CR对特性流量的获取边缘设备进行管理，在收到具有该特性的流量后，进行BIER头封装时仅封装对应的边缘设备为目的。该BIER报文在经过BIER域的传送，到达边缘设备(如BNG和SR)时，BNG和SR将该报文去掉BIER头，转发给需要该特性流量的用户或者下一级设备。In the dynamic acquisition mode, an edge device such as a BNG or an SR learns the MLD/IGMP protocol running between the BIER domain edge device (that is, BNG, SR) and the CR when the access user needs a certain characteristic traffic, or Protocols such as PIM/BGP are extended to send traffic characteristics to the CR. The CR manages the edge device of the feature traffic. After receiving the traffic with the feature, the CRIER encapsulates only the corresponding edge device. When the BIER packet is transmitted through the BIER domain and reaches the edge device (such as BNG and SR), the BNG and the SR remove the packet from the BIER header and forward it to the user who needs the traffic of the feature or the next-level device.

其中，BIER边缘协议之间进行协议扩展发送特性流量时，可以采用TLV(Type/Length/Value)的方式对相关协议做扩展，比如，MLD/IGMP协议， PIM/BGP协议等。扩展内容可以包括流量特性描述，比如五元组或者七元组等信息。When the BIER edge protocol is used to extend the transmission of the feature traffic, the TLV (Type/Length/Value) can be used to extend the related protocols, such as MLD/IGMP protocol and PIM/BGP protocol. Extended content can include traffic characterization, such as information such as quintuple or quaternary.

实施例三 Embodiment 3

实施例一和二示例的是城域网部署BIER域的情况，图10所展示的是骨干网作为BIER域的情况。因为OTT服务器的内容不仅在其接入的CR及其所连城域网有用户需要接收，其他城域网也有用户需要接收OTT直播流量，因此，OTT直播业务需要在骨干网发送给每个CR。Embodiments 1 and 2 illustrate the case where the metropolitan area network deploys the BIER domain, and FIG. 10 shows the case where the backbone network is the BIER domain. Because the content of the OTT server is not only required to be received by the CR and the connected metropolitan area network, other metropolitan area networks also need to receive OTT live traffic. Therefore, the OTT live broadcast service needs to be sent to each CR on the backbone network.

连接OTT直播业务的CR作为骨干网BIER域的入口设备，部分或者全部CR设备(除入口设备之外)作为骨干网BIER域的出口设备，CR之间可以采用配置方式确定特性流量，也可以通过动态学习的方式学习到特性流量需求。入口CR收到流量后，根据流量特性所对应的出口设备，确定和封装BIER头的目的出口设备。转发该报文到骨干网BIER域内，该报文通过BIER域转发，到达出口设备。如果出口设备的CR下有城域网BIER域需要进一步转发，该CR在去掉骨干网BIER域封装的BIER头后，将作为城域网BIER域的入口设备，再次进行BIER头的封装并转发到城域网BIER域中。报文到达城域网出口设备(比如BNG、SR)后，再一步转发到一个或多个用户或者下一级汇聚接入设备。The CR that connects the OTT live broadcast service is used as the ingress device of the BIER domain of the backbone network. Some or all of the CR devices (other than the ingress device) serve as the egress device of the BIER domain of the backbone network. The CR can be configured to determine the characteristic traffic by using the configuration mode. The dynamic learning method learns the characteristic traffic requirements. After receiving the traffic, the ingress CR determines and encapsulates the destination egress device of the BIER header according to the egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristics. The packet is forwarded to the BIER domain of the backbone network. The packet is forwarded through the BIER domain and reaches the egress device. If the BIER domain of the metropolitan area network under the CR of the egress device needs to be further forwarded, the CR will be used as the ingress device of the BIER domain of the metropolitan area network after the BIER header of the BIER domain encapsulation of the backbone network is removed, and the BIER header is encapsulated again and forwarded to Metropolitan Area Network BIER domain. After the packet reaches the egress device of the metropolitan area network (such as BNG and SR), it is forwarded to one or more users or the next-level aggregation access device.

实施例四 Embodiment 4

从以上的实施例可以看出，实施例三中的骨干网BIER域出口设备(比如多个CR)，在获知在骨干网BIER域是否有其他CR需要接收特性流量时，或者在城域网BIER域，CR需要获知是否有城域网的边缘设备(比如BNG或SR)需要接收特性流量时，骨干网BIER域和城域网BIER域边缘设备之间通过配置方式，或者是MLD/IGMP/PIM/BGP等协议扩展方式获知对应的出口边缘设备。城域网边缘BIER域出口设备(比如BNG或者SR)，也需要获知是否有用户需要直播流量。It can be seen from the above embodiments that the backbone network BIER domain egress device (such as multiple CRs) in the third embodiment knows whether there are other CRs in the backbone network BIER domain that need to receive characteristic traffic, or in the metropolitan area network BIER. In the domain, the CR needs to know whether the edge device of the metropolitan area network (such as the BNG or SR) needs to receive the characteristic traffic. The configuration between the BIER domain of the backbone network and the edge device of the metropolitan area network BIER domain is configured, or MLD/IGMP/PIM. Protocol extension methods such as /BGP are known to the corresponding egress edge device. The BIER domain egress device (such as BNG or SR) on the edge of the metro network needs to know whether users need live traffic.

如图11所示，BNG、SR这样的边缘设备，有的可以直接获取用户信息，用户的观看直播流量需求会直接受BNG设备管理，因此BNG在收到城域网BIER域转发过来的直播业务流量时，可以根据其管理的用户情况，直接将特性流量发送给需要的用户。还有可能的是用户是通过OLT(optical line terminal，光缆终端设备)、DSLAM(Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer，数字用户线路接入复用器)、交换机(Switch)或者路由器等汇聚接入方式接入，BNG、SR这样的边缘设备不一定能直接看到用户；另外，有接入设备的存在，直接发送多条单播流量对汇聚接入设备也会造成很大的带宽浪费；因此，BNG与OLT等汇聚接入设备之间若支持BIER转发能力，则可以同样通过部署特性流量来形成BIER封装转发，达到节省汇聚接入带宽的目的。As shown in Figure 11, some edge devices such as BNG and SR can directly obtain user information. The user's viewing live traffic demand is directly managed by the BNG device. Therefore, the BNG receives the live broadcast service forwarded from the BIER domain of the metropolitan area network. When traffic is used, the feature traffic can be directly sent to the required users according to the user's management. It is also possible that the user accesses through an aggregate access mode such as an OLT (optical line terminal), a DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer), a switch (Switch), or a router. An edge device such as BNG or SR may not directly see the user. In addition, if there is an access device, directly sending multiple unicast traffic to the aggregation access device may also cause a large waste of bandwidth; therefore, BNG and If the BIER forwarding capability is supported between the aggregation access devices such as the OLT, the BIER encapsulation and forwarding can be formed by deploying the characteristic traffic to save the aggregate access bandwidth.

这种组网环境中，BNG、SR这样的设备则作为接入BIER域的入口边缘设备，OLT、DSLAM、交换机或者路由器等汇聚接入设备则作为接入BIER域的出口边缘设备。BNG、SR通过配置方式，或者与OLT等汇聚接入设备之间通过BIER Overlay协议(比如，包括MLD/IGMP/PIM/BGP等协议)扩展方式获知特性流量，BNG、SR设备将特性流量进行BIER封装，并转发到接入BIER域内，OLT等汇聚设备去掉报文的BIER封装，将特性流量发送给需要的用户。In this networking environment, devices such as BNG and SR are used as access edge devices for accessing the BIER domain. Converged access devices such as OLTs, DSLAMs, switches, or routers serve as egress edge devices that access the BIER domain. The BNG and SR devices use the BIER Overlay protocol (for example, protocols such as MLD/IGMP/PIM/BGP) to learn the characteristic traffic. The BNG and SR devices perform characteristic traffic to the BIER. The packet is encapsulated and forwarded to the access BIER domain. The aggregation device such as the OLT removes the BIER encapsulation of the packet and sends the characteristic traffic to the required users.

实施例五 Embodiment 5

如图12所示，假设有一个移动用户(如用户1)，更换其汇聚设备和城域网接入设备，从BNG1到BNG2，该用户正在接收某直播业务，但BNG2设备上之前没有用户需要该直播业务。因此，BNG2立即通过MLD或IGMP等协议发送特性流量到入口设备CR上，入口设备CR对该特性流量增加BNG2为目的边缘出口设备，并封装到该特性流量的BIER头内，无需组播树建立，直播流快速地通过新的BNG(即BNG2)到达用户，比原有的逐跳建立组播树方式效率有极大地提高。As shown in Figure 12, suppose a mobile user (such as user 1) replaces its aggregation device and metro access device. From BNG1 to BNG2, the user is receiving a live broadcast service, but there is no user need on the BNG2 device. The live broadcast business. Therefore, BNG2 immediately sends the characteristic traffic to the ingress device CR through a protocol such as MLD or IGMP. The ingress device CR adds the BNG2 to the destination edge egress device and encapsulates it into the BIER header of the characteristic traffic without establishing a multicast tree. The live stream quickly reaches the user through the new BNG (BNG2), which is much more efficient than the original hop-by-hop multicast tree.

同样地，假设用户的城域网接入设备没有变化，只是汇聚接入设备进行了变更，在接入BIER域内，同样可以迅速地增加新汇聚接入设备为接入BIER域的出口边缘设备，直播流量能迅速到达新位置的用户终端，由此将对用户直播业务的体验影响降到最小。Similarly, it is assumed that the user's MAN access device has not changed, but the aggregation access device has been changed. In the access BIER domain, the new aggregation access device can also be added to access the edge edge device of the BIER domain. The live broadcast traffic can quickly reach the user terminal in the new location, thereby minimizing the impact on the live broadcast service of the user.

实施例六 Embodiment 6

如图13所示，本实施例包括以下过程：As shown in FIG. 13, the embodiment includes the following process:

步骤1、骨干网设备CR1与某OTT直播业务服务器连接，该OTT直播业务服务器正在提供几十种直播业务，比如多场游戏直播、多场会议直播等。假设骨干网由中央控制器之一的SDN(Software Defined Network，软件定义网络)控制器来进行直播业务的特性管理，该SDN控制器将骨干网所有的直播业务服务特性流量作为策略，发布给每个BIER域边缘设备，在这里也就是CR上。这里假设流量特性为五元组形式，根据源地址、源端口、目的地址、目的端口及协议号这五个参数的不同，生成不同的策略，每一种策略对应一场直播业务。比如直播业务1，对应源地址171.1.1.1，源端口80，目的地址165.1.1.1，目的端口80和协议号520。 Step 1. The backbone network device CR1 is connected to an OTT live broadcast service server. The OTT live broadcast service server is providing dozens of live broadcast services, such as multiple live games and multiple live conferences. It is assumed that the backbone network is managed by the SDN (Software Defined Network) controller of one of the central controllers. The SDN controller distributes all the live service service feature traffic of the backbone network as a policy to each. A BIER domain edge device, here on the CR. It is assumed that the traffic characteristics are in the form of a quintuple. Different policies are generated according to the five parameters of the source address, the source port, the destination address, the destination port, and the protocol number. Each policy corresponds to a live broadcast service. For example, the live broadcast service 1 corresponds to the source address 171.1.1.1, the source port 80, the destination address 165.1.1.1, the destination port 80, and the protocol number 520.

CR将每个直播业务的流量特性记录下来。对于不属于流量特性中的流量，CR将按照普通的转发规律进行转发。在收到与流量特性对应的流量时，则需要进行BIER封装处理。CR records the traffic characteristics of each live broadcast service. For traffic that is not part of the traffic characteristics, the CR will forward according to the normal forwarding rules. When receiving traffic corresponding to the traffic characteristics, BIER encapsulation processing is required.

步骤2、假设城域网边缘设备BNG1下有若干用户，用户(user)1需要直播业务1，user1因为与BNG1直接相连，user1直接将其直播业务特性的需求发送到BNG1。BNG1将直播业务1的特性与user1关联起来，表明直播业务1的流量有用户需要接收。Step 2: Assume that there are several users on the edge device of the metropolitan area network (BNG1). User1 needs live service 1. User1 is directly connected to BNG1. User1 directly sends the requirements of its live service feature to BNG1. BNG1 associates the characteristics of live broadcast service 1 with user1, indicating that the traffic of live broadcast service 1 needs to be received by the user.

步骤3、BNG1向CR1通告直播业务的需求情况，这里假设采用IGMP的扩展通告方式，在IGMP协议报文中携带与直播业务1相同的业务特性字段。CR1收到该协议通告后，将BNG1记入与直播业务1特性流量策略相对应的目的出口设备中。Step 3: The BNG1 advertises the demand for the live broadcast service to the CR1. It is assumed that the IGMP extension advertisement mode is used to carry the same service characteristic field as the live broadcast service 1 in the IGMP protocol packet. After receiving the notification from the protocol, CR1 records BNG1 in the destination egress device corresponding to the live traffic 1 characteristic traffic policy.

需要注意的是，实际应用中步骤1和步骤2并没有先后的区分；步骤1和步骤3没有先后的区分。It should be noted that Step 1 and Step 2 in the actual application are not distinguished sequentially;

Steps

1 and 3 have no prior distinctions.

步骤4、OTT服务器发送直播业务1的数据流到CR1上，其数据流封装与直播业务1的流量特性完全相同。Step 4: The OTT server sends the data stream of the live broadcast service 1 to the CR1, and the data flow encapsulation and the live traffic service 1 have the same traffic characteristics.

步骤5、CR1根据特性流量的策略判断出该流量需要进行BIER封装处理，并根据已存储的该特性流量对应目的出口设备情况，将包括BNG1在内的出口设备封装到BIER报文头的目的地址中。Step 5: The CR1 determines that the traffic needs to be BIER-encapsulated according to the characteristic traffic policy, and encapsulates the egress device including BNG1 into the destination address of the BIER packet header according to the stored characteristic traffic corresponding to the destination egress device. in.

步骤6、经过BIER域根据BIER头的转发，该报文到达出口设备BNG1上，BNG1将该报文的BIER头剥掉，发现其中的报文的五元组信息与已经存储的特性流量匹配，标明该流量有用户需要接收。Step 6: After the BIER domain is forwarded according to the BIER header, the packet reaches the egress device BNG1, and the BNG1 strips the BIER header of the packet, and finds that the quintuple information of the packet matches the stored characteristic traffic. Indicate that the traffic needs to be received by the user.

其中，对于普通报文，因为五元组信息不会与已经存储的特性流量相同，所以BNG1会进行正常的转发处理。只有对符合特性流量的数据流才会做特殊处理。For normal packets, because the quintuple information is not the same as the stored feature traffic, BNG1 performs normal forwarding processing. Only special processing is done for data streams that conform to the characteristic traffic.

步骤7，BNG1根据该业务特性流量与对应用户的关系，将该数据流转发给相应的user1。user1顺利收到该直播业务流量。Step 7: The BNG1 forwards the data flow to the corresponding user1 according to the relationship between the service characteristic traffic and the corresponding user. User1 successfully received the live traffic.

其中，假设user2也需要接收同样的业务流量，但该用户没有与BNG1直接相连，其直播业务请求发送到汇聚设备(switch1)上。switch1与BNG1之间存在BIER转发域，因此，switch1将采用与步骤3中类似的方式，通过IGMP/MLD协议扩展发送特性流量请求到BNG1上，BNG1将switch1也加入到该特性流量的需求者中。收到该业务流量后，BNG1除了转发给user1，还将报文通过BIER封装，转发给switch1，switch1解封装收到的BIER报文后，再转发给user2。It is assumed that user2 also needs to receive the same service traffic, but the user is not directly connected to BNG1, and the live broadcast service request is sent to the aggregation device (switch1). There is a BIER forwarding domain between switch1 and BNG1. Therefore, switch1 will send the feature traffic request to BNG1 through the IGMP/MLD protocol in the same way as in step 3. BNG1 also adds switch1 to the demand traffic. . After receiving the service traffic, the BNG1 forwards the packet to the user1 and forwards the packet to the switch1. The switch decapsulates the received BIER packet and forwards it to user2.

通过上述一个或多个实施例可知，本申请能够将BIER技术用于网络单播业务，通过特定的转换方法，使流量能够简单高效地进行传输，没有组播地址的消耗和管理问题，节约了大量的网络带宽，几乎不受网络变化的影响，并且能很好地支持用户或者源设备的移动性。对单播技术和网络的发展有非常重要的促进作用。According to one or more embodiments, the BIER technology can be used for the network unicast service, and the traffic can be easily and efficiently transmitted through a specific conversion method, without the consumption and management problem of the multicast address, saving the problem. A large amount of network bandwidth is almost unaffected by network changes and supports the mobility of users or source devices. It plays a very important role in promoting the development of unicast technology and networks.

如图14所示，本申请实施例还提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域入口设备1400，包括：传输模块1406、存储器1404以及一个或多个处理器1402(图中仅示出一个)；其中，存储器1404设置为存储用于数据传输的程序；该用于数据传输的程序在被处理器1402读取执行时，执行以下操作：As shown in FIG. 14, the embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain ingress device 1400, and includes: a transmission module 1406, a memory 1404, and one or more processors 1402 (only one is shown). Wherein the memory 1404 is arranged to store a program for data transfer; the program for data transfer, when read and executed by the processor 1402, performs the following operations:

通过传输模块1406接收报文；在确认接收到的报文具有预定的流量特性之后，将报文封装为BIER报文，并通过传输模块1406转发BIER报文；其中，BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备。The packet is received by the transmission module 1406. After confirming that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet, and the BIER packet is forwarded by the transmission module 1406. The BIER header indication of the BIER packet is indicated. The destination node is the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristics.

其中，处理器1402可以包括微处理器(MCU)或可编程逻辑器件(FPGA)等的处理装置。The processor 1402 may include a processing device such as a microprocessor (MCU) or a programmable logic device (FPGA).

本领域普通技术人员可以理解，图14所示的结构仅为示意，其并不对上述电子装置的结构造成限定。例如，BIER域入口设备1400还可包括比图14 中所示更多或者更少的组件，或者具有与图14所示不同的配置。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 14 is merely illustrative and does not limit the structure of the above electronic device. For example, the BIER domain entry device 1400 may also include more or fewer components than shown in FIG. 14, or have a different configuration than that shown in FIG.

存储器1404可设置为存储应用软件的软件程序以及模块，如本申请的数据传输方法对应的程序指令或模块，处理器1402通过运行存储在存储器1404内的软件程序以及模块，从而执行一种或多种功能应用以及数据处理，即实现上述的方法。存储器1404可包括高速随机存储器，还可包括非易失性存储器，如一个或者多个磁性存储装置、闪存、或者其他非易失性固态存储器。在一些实例中，存储器1404可包括相对于处理器1402远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至BIER域入口设备1400。上述网络的实例包括互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。The memory 1404 can be configured as a software program and a module for storing application software, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the data transfer method of the present application, and the processor 1402 executes one or more by running a software program and a module stored in the memory 1404. A functional application and data processing, that is, the above method is implemented. Memory 1404 can include high speed random access memory and can also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid state memory. In some examples, memory 1404 can include memory remotely located relative to processor 1402, which can be connected to BIER domain entry device 1400 via a network. Examples of such networks include the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

传输模块1406设置为经由一个网络接收或者发送数据。在一个实例中，传输模块1406可以为射频(Radio Frequency，简称为RF)模块，其设置为通过无线方式与互联网进行通信。Transmission module 1406 is arranged to receive or transmit data via a network. In one example, the transmission module 1406 can be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF for short) module configured to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

如图15所示，本申请实施例还提供一种数据传输装置，应用于BIER域出口设备1500，包括：传输模块1506、存储器1504以及一个或多个处理器1502(图中仅示出一个)；其中，存储器1504设置为存储用于数据传输的程序；该用于数据传输的程序在被处理器1502读取执行时，执行以下操作：As shown in FIG. 15, the embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device 1500, and includes: a transmission module 1506, a memory 1504, and one or more processors 1502 (only one is shown in the figure). Wherein the memory 1504 is arranged to store a program for data transfer; the program for data transfer, when read and executed by the processor 1502, performs the following operations:

解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；通过传输模块1506将该报文转发给与BIER域出口设备1500连接且需要该报文的设备。Decapsulating the received BIER packet, and obtaining the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic carried in the packet; the transmitting module 1506 forwards the packet to the device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device 1500 and needs the packet.

其中，处理器1502可以包括MCU或FPGA等的处理装置。The processor 1502 may include a processing device such as an MCU or an FPGA.

本领域普通技术人员可以理解，图15所示的结构仅为示意，其并不对上述电子装置的结构造成限定。例如，BIER域出口设备还可包括比图15中所示更多或者更少的组件，或者具有与图15所示不同的配置。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 15 is merely illustrative and does not limit the structure of the above electronic device. For example, the BIER domain egress device may also include more or fewer components than shown in FIG. 15, or have a different configuration than that shown in FIG.

存储器1504可用于存储应用软件的软件程序以及模块，如本申请实施例中的数据传输方法对应的程序指令或模块，处理器1502通过运行存储在存储器1504内的软件程序以及模块，从而执行一种或多种功能应用以及数据处理，即实现上述的方法。存储器1504可包括高速随机存储器，还可包括非易失性存储器，如一个或者多个磁性存储装置、闪存、或者其他非易失性固态存储器。在一些实例中，存储器1504可包括相对于处理器1502远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至BIER域出口设备1500。上述网络的实例包括互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。The memory 1504 can be used to store software programs and modules of the application software, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application. The processor 1502 executes a software program and a module stored in the memory 1504 to execute a Or a variety of functional applications and data processing, that is, to achieve the above method. Memory 1504 can include high speed random access memory, and can also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid state memory. In some examples, memory 1504 can include memory remotely located relative to processor 1502, which can be connected to BIER domain exit device 1500 via a network. Examples of such networks include the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

传输模块1506设置为经由一个网络接收或者发送数据。在一个实例中，传输模块1506可以为射频(Radio Frequency，简称为RF)模块，其设置为通过无线方式与互联网进行通信。Transmission module 1506 is arranged to receive or transmit data via a network. In one example, the transmission module 1506 can be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF for short) module configured to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

此外，本申请实施例还提供一种机器可读介质，存储有多个指令，当所述多个指令被一个或多个处理器执行时实现应用于BIER域入口设备的上述数据传输方法。In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method applied to a BIER domain entry device when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.

本申请实施例还提供一种机器可读介质，存储有多个指令，当所述多个指令被一个或多个处理器执行时实现应用于BIER域出口设备的上述数据传输方法。The embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method applied to a BIER domain egress device when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.

本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、***、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理单元的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些组件或所有组件可以被实施为由处理器，如数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外，本领域技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and functional blocks/units of the methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical units; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be composed of several physical The components work together. Some or all of the components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and nonvolatile, implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. , removable and non-removable media. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridge, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or may Any other medium used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by the computer. Moreover, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and can include any information delivery media.

虽然本申请所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本申请所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本申请的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。The embodiments disclosed in the present application are as described above, but the description is only for the purpose of understanding the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications and changes in the form and details of the embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. The scope defined by the appended claims shall prevail.

工业实用性Industrial applicability

Claims

一种数据传输方法，包括：A data transmission method includes:

位索引显示复制BIER域入口设备接收报文(S201)；The bit index indicates that the copy BIER domain ingress device receives the message (S201);

在所述BIER域入口设备确认接收到的所述报文具有预定的流量特性之后，所述BIER域入口设备将所述报文封装为BIER报文，并转发所述BIER报文；其中，所述BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为所述流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备(S202)。After the BIER domain ingress device confirms that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the packet into a BIER packet and forwards the BIER packet; The destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER message is the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic (S202).
根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，每一种预定的流量特性用于指示一个单播业务。The method of claim 1 wherein each of the predetermined traffic characteristics is used to indicate a unicast service.
根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述流量特性包括互联网协议IP报文特性元素的任意组合。The method of claim 1 wherein said traffic characteristics comprise any combination of Internet Protocol IP message characterization elements.
根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述方法还包括以下至少之一：The method of claim 1 further comprising at least one of the following:

所述BIER域入口设备配置预定的流量特性；或者，The BIER domain ingress device configures a predetermined traffic characteristic; or

所述BIER域入口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的流量特性信息，确定预定的流量特性。The BIER domain ingress device determines the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the traffic characteristic information delivered by the network management system or the central controller.
根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述BIER域入口设备将所述报文封装为BIER报文之前，所述方法还包括以下至少之一：The method according to claim 1, before the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the packet into a BIER message, the method further includes at least one of the following:

所述BIER域入口设备配置所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；The BIER domain ingress device configures one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics;

所述BIER域入口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；Determining, by the BIER domain ingress device, one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics, according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;

所述BIER域入口设备根据一个或多个BIER域出口设备通过BIER覆盖Overlay协议发送的针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备。Determining, by the one or more BIER domain egress devices, the one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics, according to the obtaining information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the BIER coverage Overlay protocol by one or more BIER domain egress devices .
根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述BIER Overlay协议包括以下至少之一：组播侦听发现MLD协议、网络控制信息协议IGMP、协议无关组播PIM协议、边界网关协议BGP、开放式最短路径优先OSPF协议、中间 ***到中间***ISIS协议、Babel协议。The method according to claim 5, wherein the BIER Overlay protocol comprises at least one of the following: a multicast listening discovery MLD protocol, a network control information protocol IGMP, a protocol independent multicast PIM protocol, a border gateway protocol BGP, an open type The shortest path first OSPF protocol, the intermediate system to the intermediate system ISIS protocol, the Babel protocol.
一种数据传输方法，包括：A data transmission method includes:

位索引显示复制BIER域出口设备解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文(S301)；The bit index indicates that the copy BIER domain egress device decapsulates the received BIER packet, and obtains a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein (S301);

所述BIER域出口设备将所述报文转发给和所述BIER域出口设备连接且需要所述报文的设备(S302)。The BIER domain egress device forwards the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet (S302).
根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，每一种预定的流量特性用于指示一个单播业务。The method of claim 7 wherein each of the predetermined traffic characteristics is used to indicate a unicast service.
根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述流量特性包括互联网协议IP报文特性元素的任意组合。The method of claim 7 wherein said traffic characteristics comprise any combination of Internet Protocol IP message characteristic elements.
根据权利要求7所述的方法，所述方法还包括：The method of claim 7 further comprising:

所述BIER域出口设备确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文；Determining, by the BIER domain egress device, whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic;

所述BIER域出口设备在确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项需要具有所述预定的流量特性的报文时，通过BIER覆盖Overlay协议，发送针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息给BIER域入口设备。The BIER domain egress device sends a packet for the predetermined traffic characteristic by using a BIER overlay Overlay protocol when determining that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected thereto needs to have the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic. Get information to the BIER domain entry device.
根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述BIER Overlay协议包括以下至少之一：组播侦听发现MLD协议、网络控制信息协议IGMP、协议无关组播PIM协议、边界网关协议BGP、开放式最短路径优先OSPF协议、中间***到中间***ISIS协议、Babel协议。The method according to claim 10, wherein the BIER Overlay protocol comprises at least one of the following: a multicast listening discovery MLD protocol, a network control information protocol IGMP, a protocol independent multicast PIM protocol, a border gateway protocol BGP, an open type The shortest path first OSPF protocol, the intermediate system to the intermediate system ISIS protocol, the Babel protocol.
根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述BIER域出口设备确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文，包括以下至少之一：The method according to claim 10, wherein the BIER domain egress device determines whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected thereto needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic, including at least one of the following:

所述BIER域出口设备根据配置信息，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；Determining, by the BIER domain egress device, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic according to the configuration information;

所述BIER域出口设备根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；The BIER domain egress device determines, according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic;

所述BIER域出口设备根据用户终端的流量需求请求，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备。The BIER domain egress device determines, according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic.
一种数据传输装置，应用于位索引显示复制BIER域入口设备，包括：A data transmission device is applied to a bit index display copy BIER domain entry device, including:

第一接收模块(401)，设置为接收报文；a first receiving module (401) configured to receive a message;

第一处理模块(402)，设置为在确认所述接收模块收到的报文具有预定的流量特性之后，将所述报文封装为BIER报文；其中，所述BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为所述流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备；The first processing module (402) is configured to: after confirming that the packet received by the receiving module has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet; wherein the BIER header indication of the BIER packet The destination node is a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic;

第一发送模块(403)，设置为转发所述BIER报文。The first sending module (403) is configured to forward the BIER message.
根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述流量特性包括互联网协议IP报文特性元素的任意组合。The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said traffic characteristics comprise any combination of Internet Protocol IP message characteristic elements.
根据权利要求13所述的装置，所述装置还包括以下至少之一：The apparatus of claim 13 further comprising at least one of the following:

流量特性配置模块，设置为配置预定的流量特性；The traffic characteristic configuration module is configured to configure a predetermined traffic characteristic;

流量特性确定模块，设置为根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的流量特性信息，确定预定的流量特性。The traffic characteristic determining module is configured to determine a predetermined traffic characteristic according to the traffic characteristic information delivered by the network management system or the central controller.
根据权利要求13所述的装置，所述装置还包括以下至少之一：The apparatus of claim 13 further comprising at least one of the following:

出口设备配置模块，设置为配置所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；An egress device configuration module, configured to configure one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics;

第一出口设备确定模块，设置为根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备；a first egress device determining module, configured to determine one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction sent by the network management system or the central controller;

第二出口设备确定模块，设置为根据一个或多个BIER域出口设备通过BIER覆盖Overlay协议发送的针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息，确定所述预定的流量特性对应的一个或多个BIER域出口设备。a second egress device determining module, configured to determine one or more BIERs corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquiring information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the BIER coverage Overlay protocol by one or more BIER domain egress devices Domain export equipment.
一种数据传输装置，应用于位索引显示复制BIER域出口设备，包括：A data transmission device is applied to a bit index display copy BIER domain exit device, including:

第二接收模块(501)，设置为接收BIER报文；The second receiving module (501) is configured to receive the BIER message;

第二处理模块(502)，设置为解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；The second processing module (502) is configured to decapsulate the received BIER packet, and obtain a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein;

第二发送模块(503)，设置为将所述报文转发给和所述BIER域出口设备连接且需要所述报文的设备。The second sending module (503) is configured to forward the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.
根据权利要求17所述的装置，所述装置还包括：The apparatus of claim 17 further comprising:

需求确定模块，设置为确定与其连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文；a requirement determining module, configured to determine whether at least one of a next-level forwarding device and a user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic;

第三发送模块，设置为在所述需求确定模块确定与所述BIER域出口设备连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项需要具有所述预定的流量特性的报文时，通过BIER覆盖Overlay协议，发送针对所述预定的流量特性的获取信息给BIER域入口设备。a third sending module, configured to: when the requirement determining module determines that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs to have the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic, pass the BIER The overlay overlay protocol is configured to send the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics to the BIER domain ingress device.
根据权利要求18所述的装置，其中，所述需求确定模块是设置为通过以下至少一种方式确定与所述BIER域出口设备连接的下一级转发设备和用户终端中至少一项是否需要具有预定的流量特性的报文：The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said demand determining module is configured to determine whether at least one of a next-level forwarding device and a user terminal connected to said BIER domain egress device is required to have by at least one of the following Packets with scheduled traffic characteristics:

根据配置信息，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；Determining, according to the configuration information, a device that needs a message with a predetermined traffic characteristic;

根据网络管理***或中央控制器下发的指令，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备；Determining a device that requires a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;

根据用户终端的流量需求请求，确定需要具有预定的流量特性的报文的设备。The device that needs the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic is determined according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal.
一种数据传输***，包括权利要求13至16任一项所述的位索引显示复制BIER域入口设备以及权利要求17至19任一项所述的BIER域出口设备。A data transmission system comprising the bit index display copy BIER domain entry device according to any one of claims 13 to 16 and the BIER domain exit device according to any one of claims 17 to 19.
一种数据传输装置，应用于位索引显示复制BIER域入口设备，包括：传输模块、存储器以及处理器；其中，所述存储器设置为存储用于数据传输的程序；该用于数据传输的程序在被所述处理器读取执行时，执行以下操作：A data transmission apparatus for a bit index display copy BIER domain entry device, comprising: a transmission module, a memory, and a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store a program for data transmission; the program for data transmission is When executed by the processor, perform the following operations:

通过所述传输模块接收报文；在确认接收到的所述报文具有预定的流量特性之后，将所述报文封装为BIER报文，并通过所述传输模块转发所述BIER报文；其中，所述BIER报文的BIER头指示的目的节点为所述流量特性对应的BIER域出口设备。Receiving, by the transmission module, the packet, and after confirming that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet, and the BIER packet is forwarded by the transmission module; The destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.
一种数据传输装置，应用于位索引显示复制BIER域出口设备，包括：传输模块、存储器以及处理器；其中，所述存储器设置为存储用于数据传输的程序；该用于数据传输的程序在被所述处理器读取执行时，执行以下操作：A data transmission apparatus for a bit index display copy BIER domain egress device, comprising: a transfer module, a memory, and a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store a program for data transfer; the program for data transfer is When executed by the processor, perform the following operations:

解封装收到的BIER报文，获取其中携带的具有预定的流量特性的报文；通过所述传输模块将所述报文转发给与所述BIER域出口设备连接且需要所述报文的设备。Decapsulating the received BIER packet, and obtaining the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic carried in the packet; and forwarding, by the transmitting module, the packet to the device connected to the BIER domain egress device and requiring the packet .
一种机器可读介质，存储有多个指令，当所述多个指令被一个或多个处理器执行时实现权利要求1至6任一项所述的数据传输方法。A machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, implement the data transfer method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
一种机器可读介质，存储有多个指令，当所述多个指令被一个或多个处理器执行时实现权利要求7至12任一项所述的数据传输方法。A machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, implement the data transfer method of any one of claims 7 to 12.