WO2018154794A1 - Virtual currency management device, virtual currency management method, and program - Google Patents
Virtual currency management device, virtual currency management method, and program Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018154794A1 WO2018154794A1 PCT/JP2017/011024 JP2017011024W WO2018154794A1 WO 2018154794 A1 WO2018154794 A1 WO 2018154794A1 JP 2017011024 W JP2017011024 W JP 2017011024W WO 2018154794 A1 WO2018154794 A1 WO 2018154794A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/04—Payment circuits
- G06Q20/06—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/04—Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for managing virtual currency, and a program for realizing the method.
- virtual currencies represented by Bitcoin have begun to be used in commercial transactions.
- virtual currency is a system in which various commercial transactions are executed by a mining program connected by a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, and its security is ensured.
- P2P peer-to-peer
- the price of virtual currency varies depending on its creditworthiness. Therefore, at present, virtual currency is attracting a lot of attention mainly as a speculation object, not as a settlement method for commercial transactions.
- Patent Document 1 after purchasing a virtual currency (that is, after storing it in a wallet), the virtual currency is configured such that its value gradually decreases with the passage of time.
- a system is disclosed.
- One of the problems of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for stabilizing the value of virtual currency, that is, the price of virtual currency with respect to legal currency, and a program for realizing this method. .
- One embodiment of the present invention is a virtual currency management device.
- the virtual currency management device receives a conversion request signal including a predetermined first conversion rate between the virtual currency and the legal currency to the communication terminal, and receives the second conversion rate after the conversion between the virtual currency and the legal currency. And a receiving unit.
- One of the embodiments of the present invention is to transmit a conversion request signal including a predetermined first conversion rate between a virtual currency and a legal currency to a communication terminal, and a second conversion rate after the conversion between the virtual currency and the legal currency Is a program configured to cause the first server to execute the reception.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a virtual currency management method.
- a conversion request signal for requesting conversion between virtual currency and legal currency is transmitted from the first server to the communication terminal, and after the communication terminal receives the conversion request signal, the virtual currency for legal currency is received. Displaying the price of the communication terminal at the communication terminal and transmitting a conversion request signal for requesting conversion from the communication terminal to the first server.
- the above price is a fixed price.
- the flowchart of the management method of a virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the management method of the virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention.
- the figure explaining the management method of the virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention. The flowchart of the management method of a virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention.
- the flowchart of the management method of a virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the management method of the virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention.
- the figure explaining the management method of the virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention. The block diagram of the management apparatus of virtual currency which is embodiment of this invention.
- a natural number from 1 to 10 includes not only 1 and 10 but all natural numbers from 1 to 10.
- FIG. 1 An example of the system of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
- the system 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first server 110, a plurality of communication terminals 120_1 to 120_n (n is a natural number of 2 or more), a plurality of second servers 132_1 to 132_m (m is a natural number of 2 or more), and A plurality of third servers 140_1 to 140_k (k is a natural number of 2 or more) can be included.
- the first server 110 is a server that is directly or indirectly managed by an entity that issues virtual currency (for example, a financial institution such as a bank or a securities company; hereinafter referred to as a virtual currency issuer).
- the plurality of communication terminals 120 are owned and used by a plurality of users.
- the first server 110 and the communication terminal 120 can communicate with each other through the network 150.
- the first server 110 is loaded with a program described in this embodiment, and the first server 110 operates in accordance with an instruction of this program.
- the communication terminal 120 is a terminal that is placed under the management of the user and has a communication function, and examples thereof include portable communication terminals such as stationary computers (including desktop computers), notebook computers, and mobile phones (including tablets and smartphones). Is done.
- the network 150 an external network such as the Internet is used.
- a part of the communication terminal 120 may be connected to the first server 110 via a telephone line.
- the second server 132 and the first server 110 can communicate with each other. As shown in FIG. 1, the first server 110 and the second server 132 may be connected to each other via a network 150 or connected to each other via an internal network such as a LAN (Local Area Network). May be.
- a network 150 or connected to each other via an internal network such as a LAN (Local Area Network). May be.
- a plurality of second servers 132 may be configured to communicate with each other in a P2P network format.
- the plurality of second servers 132 can establish an equal relationship with each other with respect to authority and form the block chain network 130.
- a block chain described later is maintained and updated by the block chain network 130.
- the plurality of second servers 132 can be managed by an unspecified number of administrators.
- the block chain network 130 is also called a public block chain network.
- the block chain network 130 may be configured such that all or part of the second server 132 is managed by a virtual currency issuer or a third party having an interest in the virtual currency issuer.
- the block chain network 130 is configured by a plurality of parties in the same industry as the virtual currency issuer.
- the block chain network 130 is also called a private block chain network or a consortium block chain network.
- the second server 132 may be single, and the block chain may be maintained and updated by the single second server 132.
- the first server 110 may also serve as the second server 132. In this case, the block chain is maintained and updated by the first server 110.
- the plurality of third servers 140 are managed by an entity that trades the virtual currency in the market, or an entity that can always grasp the price of the virtual currency in the market (hereinafter collectively referred to as an exchange).
- the third server 140 is also connected to the network 150 and can communicate with the first server 110 and the communication terminal 120.
- the third server 140 has a function of monitoring the price between the virtual currencies with respect to the legal currency determined by the exchange, that is, the market price, and between the legal currency and the virtual currency requested by the user and the virtual currency issuer. It has a function to respond to the exchange.
- you may comprise a system so that a part of 3rd server 140 may be managed directly or indirectly by a virtual currency issuer.
- the first server 110 may also serve as a part of the third server 140.
- FIG. 1 A flowchart for buying and selling virtual currency is shown in FIG.
- the user can buy and sell virtual currency with a virtual currency issuer.
- the virtual currency issuer fixes the price (conversion rate) of the virtual currency with respect to the legal currency to a predetermined price (hereinafter referred to as a fixed price or a first conversion rate), and the legal currency and the virtual currency at that price. Conversion between them (hereinafter referred to as equivalent exchange).
- the virtual currency issuer transmits a conversion request signal including a fixed price to the communication terminal 120, which is the user's terminal, via the first server 110 (S200), and it is known that equivalent exchange is possible. To do.
- This signal includes or accompanies an instruction for displaying a fixed price on the display screen of the communication terminal 120 and displaying that equivalent exchange is always possible.
- the conversion request signal can be transmitted a plurality of times. In this case, the conversion request signal may be transmitted irregularly or periodically. In the case of regular transmission, the transmission interval can be arbitrarily selected from several seconds to several hours or several days. For example, the conversion request signal may be transmitted to the communication terminal 120 at intervals of 1 second, 1 minute, 1 hour, 3 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 1 week. Further, as will be described later, the transmission interval may be changed according to the market price after the equivalent exchange (hereinafter, the market price is also referred to as the second exchange rate) or the difference between this and the fixed price.
- the equivalent exchange hereinafter, the market price is also referred to as the second exchange rate
- the conversion request signal may include a command for causing the display to be performed when the communication terminal 120 is activated, released from the sleep state, or when the display screen of the communication terminal 120 is turned on. Good. Accordingly, the user can recognize that the equivalent exchange is always possible in the virtual currency issuer via the communication terminal 120, and can understand that the virtual currency can be bought and sold without greatly depending on the market price. .
- the user When the user performs conversion between legal currency and virtual currency, the user transmits a conversion request signal for requesting exchange between legal currency and virtual currency to the first server 110 via the communication terminal 120, and the first The server 110 receives this signal.
- information regarding the balance of the virtual currency held by the user is stored as wallet information.
- the first server 110 that has received the conversion request signal performs equivalent exchange according to the instructions of the program based on the content of the conversion request signal and updates the corresponding user's wallet information (S202).
- the user accesses the first server 110 by using software or an application in the communication terminal 120 and acquires the wallet information stored in the first server 110. Thereby, the user can know the balance of the virtual currency held by the user at any time.
- the first server 110 may continuously configure the program so as to transmit the conversion request signal to the communication terminal 120.
- the program can be configured such that the first server 110 transmits the conversion request signal to the communication terminal 120 a plurality of times.
- the user can exchange legal currency and virtual currency at the exchange.
- the user transmits a conversion request signal to the third server 140 via the communication terminal 120, and performs conversion between legal currency and virtual currency at the market price.
- Market prices can fluctuate because they are determined by the balance between demand and supply of virtual currency.
- the communication terminal 120 may include a program that allows the user to select the transmission destination of the conversion request signal.
- the communication terminal 120 compares the fixed price with the market price, and sends the conversion request signal according to the transaction contents (that is, the virtual currency can be purchased at a lower price and sold at a higher price). There may be a program for automatically selecting.
- the user or the exchange can recognize that the equivalent exchange is always possible without imposing time restrictions or quantitative restrictions. For this reason, the exchange between legal currency and virtual currency is practically not established at a price greatly deviating from the fixed price. As a result, the market price can be stabilized at the same or almost the same price as the fixed price.
- the conversion request signal transmitted from the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140 to the first server 110 includes a transaction (transaction) of exchange between legal currency and virtual currency. It is. By verifying this transaction and storing the record, it is possible to prevent counterfeiting or tampering of the transaction, and contribute to maintaining the transparency of the transaction.
- the public key cryptosystem and the block chain network 130 can be used for verification and storage of transactions.
- the first server 110 generates two keys used for encryption and decryption in accordance with a program instruction.
- One is a public key 112 and the other is a secret key 114.
- the private key 114 and the public key 112 are paired, and what is encrypted with the private key 114 can be decrypted with the public key 112, but cannot be decrypted with other keys.
- what is encrypted with the public key 112 can be decrypted with the private key 114, but cannot be decrypted with other keys.
- the first server 110 After the first server 110 receives the conversion request signal from the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140, the transaction (TA in the figure) included in this signal is encrypted using the private key 114, and an electronic signature ( In the figure, ES) is created. The first server 110 then sends (broadcasts) the unencrypted (ie, original) transaction and electronic signature to all or some of the second servers 132 in the blockchain network 130 at the same time. . Further, the first server 110 transmits the public key 112 to the second server 132 at the same time as the broadcast or before or after the broadcast (S204).
- the second server 132 that has received the transaction and the electronic signature uses the public key 112 to decrypt the electronic signature, and verifies the transaction before being encrypted with the decrypted electronic signature. As a result of comparison, if they are the same, it is proved that the transaction is not forged or falsified and is legitimate. Conversely, if the transaction and the decrypted electronic signature are not identical, it can be determined that there is a very high possibility that the transaction is forged or tampered.
- the block chain network 130 sequentially generates blocks 160 in which the broadcast transactions are collected (FIG. 4A).
- the newly generated block (block 160_3 in FIG. 4A) is connected in the order of generation together with the blocks generated so far (block 160_1 and block 160_2) to form a time series.
- This time series is called a block chain.
- a block chain is stored in the storage device of each second server 132.
- Each block 160 includes a block header 162 and transaction information 164 (FIG. 4A).
- the transaction information 164 includes information related to a plurality of transactions.
- the block header 162 multiplexes the hash value 166 obtained by hash calculation (calculation using a cryptographic hash function) of the block header 162 of the preceding block 160 and a plurality of transactions stored in the block 160.
- the hash tree root (Mercle root) value 168 of the transaction obtained by performing the hash calculation can be included (FIG. 4B).
- the transaction is subjected to hash calculation in at least one of the plurality of second servers 132, and a hash tree root value 168 is generated.
- Hash calculation is performed by combining the obtained hash tree root value 168 and the hash value 166 of the preceding block header (for example, the block header 162 of the block 160_2 in FIG. 4A), and a new block 160_3 is generated. .
- the block 160_3 is verified in the block chain network 130. Specifically, in at least one of the second servers 132 other than the second server 132 that generated the block 160_3, a hash value is obtained using the previous block 160_2 and the nonce used in the hash calculation as parameters, and the block chain It is confirmed whether a condition determined in the network 130 is satisfied. If the condition is satisfied, it is regarded as being verified, and a new block 160_3 is added to the block chain in the storage device of the second server 132, and the block chain is updated (S206). As a result, the transaction is further determined and executed, and the transaction between the user and the virtual currency issuer is completed.
- PoW Proof of Work
- PoS Proof of Take
- PoI Proof of Impulse
- the block chain network 130 is not used, the transaction is not broadcasted, the block chain is stored in the first server 110, and a new block 160_3 including the transaction is generated using the first server 110. However, the block chain may be updated.
- Hash value obtained by hash calculation of certain data becomes a different numerical value when the original data changes even a little. Therefore, the validity of the data can be verified by using the hash value.
- each block 160 includes the hash value 166 obtained from the block header 162 in the previous stage. Therefore, if the contents of a certain block 160 are altered and forged, the hash value 166 assigned to the block 160 in the next stage or later is obtained. Changes. Therefore, in order to succeed in the falsification and forgery, it is necessary to recalculate all the hashes of the subsequent blocks 160, which makes it virtually impossible to falsify and forge. Therefore, the reliability and safety of transactions can be ensured by utilizing the block chain for verification and storage of transactions between users and exchanges and virtual currency issuers.
- the communication terminal 120 and the third server 140 encrypt the transaction included in the conversion request signal by the above-described encryption method, and then convert the conversion request signal including the encrypted transaction, the original transaction, and The public key may be transmitted to the first server 110.
- the electronic signature is decrypted at the first server 110 and the transaction is verified.
- a program is provided to enable the virtual currency issuer to perform equivalent exchange more reliably and quickly. May be configured. Specifically, the virtual currency issuer always places an order for performing equivalent exchange via the first server 110. For example, as in the flow shown in FIG. 5, the program is configured to cause the first server 110 to transmit an ordering signal for performing equivalent exchange to the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140 (S210). May be.
- the program may be set so that this signal is continuously and repeatedly transmitted. Further, the program may be configured to transmit the order signal repeatedly or irregularly. When sending regularly, the interval can be set arbitrarily, for example, 1 second to 10 seconds, 1 second to 1 minute, 1 second to 1 hour, 1 second to 12 hours, 1 second to 1 day Can be selected.
- the program installed in the third server 140 is configured to automatically respond to the order signal and transmit the conversion request signal to the first server 110 when the user or the exchange allows the equivalent exchange. be able to.
- the third server 140 can automatically respond to the order signal. For example, when the market price of the virtual currency is lower than the fixed price, the program installed in the third server 140 generates an order signal from the first server 110 that buys the virtual currency at the market price or higher. Set to respond. In this situation, the first server 110 repeatedly transmits an order signal to the third server 140, so that the equivalent exchange can be immediately established.
- the program installed in the third server 140 places an order from the first server 110 to sell the virtual currency at the market price or lower price. Set to respond to signals. In this situation, the first server 110 repeatedly transmits an order signal to the third server 140, so that the equivalent exchange can be immediately established.
- the first price is set so that only the order signal for purchasing at a fixed price, that is, for converting the virtual currency to the legal currency at the fixed price is transmitted to the third server 140.
- the server program may be set.
- the order signal may be selectively transmitted when the market price is higher or lower than the fixed price.
- an order signal for converting (buying) virtual currency into legal currency is transmitted at a fixed price.
- an ordering signal for converting (selling) the legal currency to the virtual currency at the fixed price is transmitted.
- the order signal may be transmitted to the communication terminal 120 of the user.
- the program installed in the communication terminal 120 may be configured such that the communication terminal automatically responds to the order signal. Thereby, the equivalent exchange can be quickly established between the user and the virtual currency issuer.
- the transaction including the transaction content is encrypted and verified in the same manner as described above, and then a new block is generated and the block chain is updated. Thereby, the transaction history is safely stored (S212, S214).
- an order signal for ordering equivalent exchange is continuously and repeatedly transmitted to the third server 140 and the communication terminal 120 at relatively short intervals (for example, every second). Accordingly, it is possible to create an environment in which a user who wants to trade virtual currency can always trade virtual currency at a fixed price without being restricted by time and quantity. Therefore, when the market price rises, the motivation to continue investing with a large amount of funds at a market price deviating from the fixed price is lost. Similarly, if market prices decline, motivation to prioritize transactions with cryptocurrency issuers who always buy at a fixed price rather than buying cryptocurrency at a lower price in anticipation of future market price increases. Can be given.
- this embodiment can be expected to be effective for eliminating the motivation to use the virtual currency for investment purposes, and not only stabilize the price of the virtual currency but also dispel the negative impression of the general user on the virtual currency.
- the use as a settlement means can be promoted.
- the price of a virtual currency varies in the market depending on its creditworthiness.
- the supply amount of the virtual currency is limited, and is controlled by the virtual currency issuer based on the capital of the virtual currency issuer, the usage form of the virtual currency, and the like. Therefore, the market price of virtual currency varies depending on the balance between supply and demand.
- the first server 110 requests the third server 140 for information (transaction amount information) including the market price of the virtual currency (transaction amount).
- An information request signal) is transmitted (S220).
- the third server 140 transmits a transaction amount information signal to the first server 110, and the first server 110 receives it (S222).
- the transaction amount information request signal may be transmitted to only one third server 140 or may be transmitted to a plurality of third servers 140.
- the first server 110 uses one of the plurality of market prices or a value obtained by averaging the plurality of market prices as the market price.
- the program may be configured to certify. Through these steps, the virtual currency issuer can grasp the transaction price of the virtual currency in the market.
- the 1st server 110 serves as a part of 3rd server 140, it is not necessary to transmit a transaction amount information request signal.
- the first server 110 determines whether or not the market price satisfies a certain condition according to an instruction of the program. When the condition is satisfied, it is determined that the market price is stable. When the condition is not satisfied, it is determined that the market price is not stable.
- This condition can be set in various ways. For example, if the market price is P 1 , the fixed price is P 0, and the rate of change ⁇ P expressed by the following formula is in the range of plus or minus X percent, the program is determined to determine that the market price satisfies the condition. Can be configured. Conversely, if the rate of change ⁇ P is outside the range of plus or minus X percent, it is determined that the market price does not satisfy the condition.
- X can be arbitrarily set, and can be selected, for example, from a range of 3 to 30, 5 to 20, or 5 to 10.
- FIG. 7 (A) schematically shows changes over time in the market price fluctuation rate ⁇ P.
- the rate of change ⁇ P has converged within X percent, and it is determined that the market price is stable.
- the program may be configured to determine that it is not stable and to send an ordering signal.
- the price higher than the fixed price S and the price lower than the fixed price S are set as the threshold value Th1, Th2, and the threshold value Th1 and Th2 are set as the allowable fluctuation range M. If so, the program can be configured to determine that the market price satisfies the condition. Conversely, when the market price is lower than the threshold Th2 or higher than the threshold Th1, that is, when the market price deviates from the allowable fluctuation range M, it is determined that the market price does not satisfy the condition.
- the threshold values Th1 and Th2 are values obtained by adding or subtracting the Y percentage of the fixed price to the fixed price.
- Y can be set arbitrarily, and can be selected, for example, from the range of 3 to 30, 5 to 20, or 5 to 10. Note that the difference between the fixed price S and the threshold Th1 and the difference between the fixed price S and the threshold Th2 may be different from each other or the same.
- the program may be configured to determine that the market price is not stable on one side when the market price exceeds Th1 or falls below Th2, and to transmit an order signal. For example, from time T1 to time T2 shown in FIG. 7B, the order signal is not transmitted, the market price is determined to be unstable at time T3, transmission of the order signal is started, and transmission is stopped at time T4. May be.
- the second period may be longer than the first period, or Z times the first period.
- Z can be selected from 1 to 1000, 1 to 100, 1 to 10, for example.
- FIG. 8B shows an example in which the approximate curve C1 is adapted to the change in the market price over time in the first period.
- a polynomial an exponential function, a power function, a modified exponential function, or the like can be used.
- the order is not limited.
- the extrapolation C2 of the approximate curve deviates from the allowable fluctuation range M within the second period, it is determined that the market price deviates from the allowable fluctuation range M, and the market price satisfies the condition. You may judge that it does not meet.
- a transaction amount information request is continuously transmitted to the third server 140, and the market price Monitoring is performed (S220, S222).
- the transaction amount information request signal transmission (S220), the transaction amount information signal reception (S222), and the market price determination can be performed a plurality of times. In this case, these operations are performed irregularly without terminating the program. Or on a regular basis.
- the interval should be set appropriately, for example, every 30 seconds, every minute, every 10 minutes, every hour, every 3 hours, every 12 hours, every 24 hours, every 3 days, etc. Can do.
- the market price can be stabilized by the method described above. For example, when the program determines that the market price is not stable, a conversion request signal is transmitted from the first server 110 to the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140 (S200). By this operation, the user or the exchange can re-recognize that the equivalent exchange is always possible through the virtual currency issuer.
- an order signal for equivalent exchange may be transmitted to the third server 140 or the communication terminal 120 in order to converge the market price to a fixed price more reliably and quickly (S210). Thereby, equivalent exchange can be immediately established in the market.
- the subsequent flow is the same as that described above, but after sending the transaction amount information request signal again after the block chain update (S206, S214) or simultaneously with the update, the transaction amount information signal is received.
- the market price after the exchange is established, that is, the second conversion rate can be monitored.
- the transmission interval of the order signal may be changed according to the market price at this time or the difference between the market price and the fixed price. For example, when the second conversion rate after establishment of equivalent exchange is closer to the first conversion rate than the second conversion rate before establishment of equivalent exchange, the transmission interval may be lengthened. Conversely, when the second conversion rate does not substantially change or becomes large before and after the equivalent exchange is established, the transmission interval may be maintained or shortened. Evaluation of stability based on the market price after the establishment of the equivalent exchange and the difference between it and the fixed price can be performed according to the above-described method. Thereby, price control of virtual currency can be performed more flexibly.
- the virtual currency issuer can easily stabilize and control the price of the issued virtual currency in the market. Further, the user can understand that the virtual currency can be converted into the legal currency at a fixed price or a market price that does not greatly deviate from the virtual currency without being greatly influenced by the market trend. For this reason, it is possible to give the virtual currency the same sense of trust as the legal currency, and greatly promote the circulation of the virtual currency in the market. For example, it is possible to achieve an x-ray transaction using virtual currency or a virtual currency using a private equity fund, thereby realizing more efficient and low-cost commercial transactions. Further, by incorporating the transactions included in these various commercial transactions into the block chain using the block chain network, it is possible to safely perform verification and management of these commercial transactions.
- FIG. 9 shows a configuration of a virtual currency price management apparatus (hereinafter, management apparatus) 170 that can be used as the first server 110 of the system 100.
- the management device 170 has an application programming interface (API) 172, and the management device 170 is connected to the network 150 through the API 172, whereby the management device 170 communicates with the communication terminal 120, the block chain network 130, and the third server 140. can do.
- API application programming interface
- the management device 170 has a storage device 174, and the storage device 174 can be divided into a plurality of areas as appropriate for management and use.
- the above-described program can be stored in the area 176.
- the area 178 can store the user's personal information and information about the communication terminal 120 (including the user's wallet information, the public key 112, the address of the communication terminal 120, etc.).
- the area 178 can be used as an area for storing the transition of the virtual currency market price.
- the area 180 can be used as an area for storing transactions included in various signals received from the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140, for example.
- an area 182 may be provided and the block chain may be stored therein.
- the management device 170 may have a plurality of storage devices, and these areas 176, 178, 180, and 182 may be distributed to a plurality of storage devices.
- the management device 170 is provided with a central processing unit (CPU) 190, which interprets and executes a program. For example, it is responsible for generating a secret key 114 necessary for broadcasting, calculating a hash necessary for creating a new block 160, and calculating a market price.
- CPU central processing unit
- the management device 170 can further include a transmission unit 192 and a reception unit 194.
- the transmission unit 192 and the reception unit 194 are controlled by the CPU 190 based on the instructions of the program, and transmit / receive various signals to / from the block chain network 130, the communication terminal 120, and the third server 140.
- the transmission unit 192 is configured to create and transmit a conversion request signal, an order signal, and a transaction amount information request signal. When transmitting an order signal or a conversion signal, the transmission unit 192 is configured so that these signals are transmitted continuously. These signals may be created by the CPU 190. Further, the transmission unit 192 can be configured to broadcast a transaction to the block chain network.
- the receiving unit 194 is configured to receive a conversion request signal and a transaction amount information signal from the communication terminal 120 and the third server 140.
- the management device 170 may have a monitor 196 for monitoring the market price.
- the monitor 196 can always monitor the market price independently of the third server 140.
- the market price monitored by monitor 196 can be stored in area 178.
- the CPU 190 determines whether or not the market price satisfies a certain condition. When it is determined that the market price does not satisfy the condition, the transmission unit 192 transmits a conversion request signal and an order signal to the communication terminal 120 and the third server 140 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 190.
- the management device 170 may have an interface 198.
- the interface 198 is used by the virtual currency issuer to operate and manage the management device 170, and includes an input device and a display device for performing input to the management device 170.
- Not only the interface 198 but also the API 172, the storage device 174, the CPU 190, the transmission unit 192, the reception unit 194, and the monitor 196 are not necessarily integrated. It may be separated.
- the program of the present embodiment is executed, and the market price of the virtual currency is determined by the virtual currency management method described above. Can be stabilized.
- system 110 first server 112: public key 114: secret key 120: communication terminal 130: block chain network 132: second server 140: third server 150: network 160: Block, 162: Block header, 164: Transaction information, 166: Hash value, 168: Hash tree root value, 170: Management device, 172: Application programming interface (API), 174: Storage device, 176: Area, 178: Area, 180: Area, 182: Area, 190: Central processing unit (CPU), 192: Transmitter, 194: Receiver, 196: Monitor, 198: Interface
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Abstract
A virtual currency management device is provided. This virtual currency management device is provided with a transmission unit which transmits to a communication terminal a conversion request signal that contains a prescribed first conversion rate between the virtual currency and a legal currency, and a receiving unit which receives a second conversion rate after conversion between the virtual currency and the legal currency. The transmission unit may be further configured so as to transmit the transaction to a server where a block chain is stored. The server is configured to generate a block on the basis of information included in the transaction and to add the block to the block chain, and the transaction can include a conversion at the first conversion rate.
Description
本発明は、仮想通貨を管理するための装置と方法、およびこの方法を実現するためのプログラムに関する。
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for managing virtual currency, and a program for realizing the method.
近年、商取引においてビットコインに代表される仮想通貨が活用され始めている。仮想通貨は法定通貨や電子マネーと異なり、P2P(Peer-to-Peer)ネットワークによって接続されるマイニングプログラムによって種々の商取引の実行が行われ、そのセキュリティーが確保されるシステムである。電子マネーと異なり、仮想通貨はその信用度によって価格が変動する。そのため現時点では、仮想通貨は商取引の決済手段としてではなく、主に投機対象として多くの注目を集めている。決済手段としての利用を促進するため、例えば特許文献1では、仮想通貨を購入したのち(すなわち、ウォレットに格納したのち)、その価値が時間の経過とともに徐々に減少するように構成された仮想通貨システムが開示されている。
In recent years, virtual currencies represented by bitcoin have begun to be used in commercial transactions. Unlike legal currency and electronic money, virtual currency is a system in which various commercial transactions are executed by a mining program connected by a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, and its security is ensured. Unlike electronic money, the price of virtual currency varies depending on its creditworthiness. Therefore, at present, virtual currency is attracting a lot of attention mainly as a speculation object, not as a settlement method for commercial transactions. In order to promote the use as a settlement means, for example, in Patent Document 1, after purchasing a virtual currency (that is, after storing it in a wallet), the virtual currency is configured such that its value gradually decreases with the passage of time. A system is disclosed.
本発明の実施形態の課題の一つは、仮想通貨の価値、すなわち、法定通貨に対する仮想通貨の価格を安定させるための装置と方法、およびこの方法を実現するためのプログラムを提供することである。
One of the problems of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for stabilizing the value of virtual currency, that is, the price of virtual currency with respect to legal currency, and a program for realizing this method. .
本発明の実施形態の一つは、仮想通貨管理装置である。仮想通貨管理装置は、仮想通貨と法定通貨間の所定の第1変換率を含む変換依頼信号を通信端末に送信する送信部と、仮想通貨と法定通貨の変換後の第2変換率を受信する受信部とを備える。
One embodiment of the present invention is a virtual currency management device. The virtual currency management device receives a conversion request signal including a predetermined first conversion rate between the virtual currency and the legal currency to the communication terminal, and receives the second conversion rate after the conversion between the virtual currency and the legal currency. And a receiving unit.
本発明の実施形態の一つは、仮想通貨と法定通貨間の所定の第1変換率を含む変換依頼信号を通信端末に送信すること、および仮想通貨と法定通貨の変換後の第2変換率を受信することを第1のサーバに実行させるように構成されるプログラムである。
One of the embodiments of the present invention is to transmit a conversion request signal including a predetermined first conversion rate between a virtual currency and a legal currency to a communication terminal, and a second conversion rate after the conversion between the virtual currency and the legal currency Is a program configured to cause the first server to execute the reception.
本発明の実施形態の一つは、仮想通貨の管理方法である。この管理方法は、仮想通貨と法定通貨間の変換を依頼するための変換依頼信号を第1のサーバから通信端末へ送信すること、通信端末が変換依頼信号を受信した後に、法定通貨に対する仮想通貨の価格を通信端末において表示すること、および変換を要求するための変換要求信号を通信端末から第1のサーバへ送信することを含む。上記価格は固定価格である。
One embodiment of the present invention is a virtual currency management method. In this management method, a conversion request signal for requesting conversion between virtual currency and legal currency is transmitted from the first server to the communication terminal, and after the communication terminal receives the conversion request signal, the virtual currency for legal currency is received. Displaying the price of the communication terminal at the communication terminal and transmitting a conversion request signal for requesting conversion from the communication terminal to the first server. The above price is a fixed price.
本発明を実施することにより、仮想通貨の価値、価格を安定させることができ、これにより、商取引の決済手段としての仮想通貨の利用を促進することができる。
By implementing the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the value and price of virtual currency, thereby promoting the use of virtual currency as a settlement means for commercial transactions.
本明細書、および請求項において、「乃至」は、数量の下限と上限を示し、その中間を省略するために用いる。したがって、例えば1乃至10の自然数、という場合、1と10のみではなく、1から10に至る自然数すべてを含む。
In the present specification and claims, “to” indicates the lower limit and the upper limit of the quantity, and is used to omit the middle. Therefore, for example, a natural number from 1 to 10 includes not only 1 and 10 but all natural numbers from 1 to 10.
本明細書において、複数の構成要素をそれぞれ区別して指す場合、符号の後にアンダーバーと自然数(あるいは自然数を意味する記号)を用いて表記する。複数の構成要素の各々を区別せずに全体、あるいはそのうちの任意に選択される複数を表記する場合には、符号のみを用いる。
In this specification, when a plurality of components are distinguished from each other, they are indicated by using an underbar and a natural number (or a symbol meaning a natural number) after the sign. In the case where the whole or a plurality of arbitrarily selected ones are described without distinguishing each of the plurality of components, only the reference numerals are used.
以下、仮想通貨を管理するためのシステムと管理方法、およびこのシステムを実現し、管理方法を実行するためのプログラムに関して説明する。
Hereinafter, a system and a management method for managing a virtual currency, and a program for realizing the system and executing the management method will be described.
[1.システム]
本実施形態のシステムの一例を図1に示す。図1に示したシステム100は、第1のサーバ110、複数の通信端末120_1乃至120_n(nは2以上の自然数)、複数の第2のサーバ132_1乃至132_m(mは2以上の自然数)、および複数の第3のサーバ140_1乃至140_k(kは2以上の自然数)を含むことができる。 [1. system]
An example of the system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. Thesystem 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first server 110, a plurality of communication terminals 120_1 to 120_n (n is a natural number of 2 or more), a plurality of second servers 132_1 to 132_m (m is a natural number of 2 or more), and A plurality of third servers 140_1 to 140_k (k is a natural number of 2 or more) can be included.
本実施形態のシステムの一例を図1に示す。図1に示したシステム100は、第1のサーバ110、複数の通信端末120_1乃至120_n(nは2以上の自然数)、複数の第2のサーバ132_1乃至132_m(mは2以上の自然数)、および複数の第3のサーバ140_1乃至140_k(kは2以上の自然数)を含むことができる。 [1. system]
An example of the system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. The
第1のサーバ110は、仮想通貨を発行する主体(例えば銀行や証券会社などの金融機関。以下、仮想通貨発行体と記す)が直接、あるいは間接的に管理するサーバである。複数の通信端末120は、複数のユーザによって保有、利用される。第1のサーバ110と通信端末120は、互いにネットワーク150を通じて通信することができる。第1のサーバ110には、本実施形態で述べるプログラムが搭載され、このプログラムの命令に従って第1のサーバ110が動作する。
The first server 110 is a server that is directly or indirectly managed by an entity that issues virtual currency (for example, a financial institution such as a bank or a securities company; hereinafter referred to as a virtual currency issuer). The plurality of communication terminals 120 are owned and used by a plurality of users. The first server 110 and the communication terminal 120 can communicate with each other through the network 150. The first server 110 is loaded with a program described in this embodiment, and the first server 110 operates in accordance with an instruction of this program.
通信端末120はユーザの管理下に置かれ、通信機能を有する端末であり、据え付け型(デスクトップ型)コンピュータをはじめ、ノート型コンピュータや携帯電話(タブレット、スマートフォンを含む)などの携帯通信端末が例示される。ネットワーク150としては、インターネットのような外部ネットワークが利用される。図示していないが、通信端末120は、その一部が電話回線によって第1のサーバ110と接続されてもよい。
The communication terminal 120 is a terminal that is placed under the management of the user and has a communication function, and examples thereof include portable communication terminals such as stationary computers (including desktop computers), notebook computers, and mobile phones (including tablets and smartphones). Is done. As the network 150, an external network such as the Internet is used. Although not shown, a part of the communication terminal 120 may be connected to the first server 110 via a telephone line.
第2のサーバ132と第1のサーバ110は、互いに通信することができる。図1に示すように、第1のサーバ110と第2のサーバ132はネットワーク150を経由して互いに接続されてもよく、あるいはLAN(Local Area Network)などの内部ネットワークを経由して互いに接続されてもよい。
The second server 132 and the first server 110 can communicate with each other. As shown in FIG. 1, the first server 110 and the second server 132 may be connected to each other via a network 150 or connected to each other via an internal network such as a LAN (Local Area Network). May be.
図1に示すように、複数の第2のサーバ132はP2Pネットワーク形式によって互いに通信できるよう構成してもよい。この場合、複数の第2のサーバ132は、権限に関して互いに対等の関係を構築し、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130を形成することができる。ブロックチェーンネットワーク130により、後述するブロックチェーンが維持、更新される。複数の第2のサーバ132は、不特定多数の管理者によって管理されることができる。この場合、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130はパブリックブロックチェーンネットワークとも呼ばれる。逆に、第2のサーバ132のすべて、あるいは一部が仮想通貨発行体、もしくは仮想通貨発行体と利害関係を有する第三者によって管理されるよう、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130を構成してもよい。例えば仮想通貨発行体と同じ業界内の複数の関係者によってブロックチェーンネットワーク130を構成する。この場合、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130はプライベートブロックチェーンネットワーク、あるいはコンソーシアムブロックチェーンネットワークとも呼ばれる。
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of second servers 132 may be configured to communicate with each other in a P2P network format. In this case, the plurality of second servers 132 can establish an equal relationship with each other with respect to authority and form the block chain network 130. A block chain described later is maintained and updated by the block chain network 130. The plurality of second servers 132 can be managed by an unspecified number of administrators. In this case, the block chain network 130 is also called a public block chain network. Conversely, the block chain network 130 may be configured such that all or part of the second server 132 is managed by a virtual currency issuer or a third party having an interest in the virtual currency issuer. For example, the block chain network 130 is configured by a plurality of parties in the same industry as the virtual currency issuer. In this case, the block chain network 130 is also called a private block chain network or a consortium block chain network.
ただし後述するように、第2のサーバ132は単一とし、ブロックチェーンを単一の第2のサーバ132によって維持、更新してもよい。あるいは、第1のサーバ110が第2のサーバ132を兼ねてもよい。この場合、ブロックチェーンは第1のサーバ110によって維持、更新される。
However, as will be described later, the second server 132 may be single, and the block chain may be maintained and updated by the single second server 132. Alternatively, the first server 110 may also serve as the second server 132. In this case, the block chain is maintained and updated by the first server 110.
複数の第3のサーバ140は、仮想通貨を市場で取引する主体、あるいは市場での仮想通貨の価格を常時把握可能な主体(以下、これらを包括的に取引所と記す)によって管理される。第3のサーバ140もネットワーク150に接続されており、第1のサーバ110や通信端末120と通信することができる。第3のサーバ140は、取引所によって決定された法定通貨に対する仮想通貨間の価格、すなわち市場価格をモニターする機能を有するとともに、ユーザ、および仮想通貨発行体から要求される法定通貨と仮想通貨間の交換に応答する機能を有する。なお、第3のサーバ140の一部は仮想通貨発行体によって直接、あるいは間接的に管理するよう、システムを構成してもよい。あるいは、第1のサーバ110が第3のサーバ140の一部を兼ねてもよい。
The plurality of third servers 140 are managed by an entity that trades the virtual currency in the market, or an entity that can always grasp the price of the virtual currency in the market (hereinafter collectively referred to as an exchange). The third server 140 is also connected to the network 150 and can communicate with the first server 110 and the communication terminal 120. The third server 140 has a function of monitoring the price between the virtual currencies with respect to the legal currency determined by the exchange, that is, the market price, and between the legal currency and the virtual currency requested by the user and the virtual currency issuer. It has a function to respond to the exchange. In addition, you may comprise a system so that a part of 3rd server 140 may be managed directly or indirectly by a virtual currency issuer. Alternatively, the first server 110 may also serve as a part of the third server 140.
[2.仮想通貨の管理方法、およびプログラム]
2.1 仮想通貨の売買
仮想通貨の売買におけるフローチャートを図2に示す。本実施形態の管理方法では、ユーザは仮想通貨を仮想通貨発行体で売買することができる。その際、仮想通貨発行体は、法定通貨に対する仮想通貨の価格(変換率)を所定の価格(以下、固定価格、あるいは第1変換率と記す)に固定し、その価格で法定通貨と仮想通貨間の変換(以下、等価交換と記す)を行う。具体的には、仮想通貨発行体は第1のサーバ110を介し、ユーザの端末である通信端末120へ固定価格を含む変換依頼信号を送信し(S200)、等価交換が可能であることを周知する。この信号には、通信端末120の表示画面上に固定価格を表示するとともに等価交換が常に可能である旨を表示させるための命令が含まれる、あるいは付随する。 [2. Virtual currency management method and program]
2.1 Buying and Selling Virtual Currency A flowchart for buying and selling virtual currency is shown in FIG. In the management method of this embodiment, the user can buy and sell virtual currency with a virtual currency issuer. At that time, the virtual currency issuer fixes the price (conversion rate) of the virtual currency with respect to the legal currency to a predetermined price (hereinafter referred to as a fixed price or a first conversion rate), and the legal currency and the virtual currency at that price. Conversion between them (hereinafter referred to as equivalent exchange). Specifically, the virtual currency issuer transmits a conversion request signal including a fixed price to the communication terminal 120, which is the user's terminal, via the first server 110 (S200), and it is known that equivalent exchange is possible. To do. This signal includes or accompanies an instruction for displaying a fixed price on the display screen of the communication terminal 120 and displaying that equivalent exchange is always possible.
2.1 仮想通貨の売買
仮想通貨の売買におけるフローチャートを図2に示す。本実施形態の管理方法では、ユーザは仮想通貨を仮想通貨発行体で売買することができる。その際、仮想通貨発行体は、法定通貨に対する仮想通貨の価格(変換率)を所定の価格(以下、固定価格、あるいは第1変換率と記す)に固定し、その価格で法定通貨と仮想通貨間の変換(以下、等価交換と記す)を行う。具体的には、仮想通貨発行体は第1のサーバ110を介し、ユーザの端末である通信端末120へ固定価格を含む変換依頼信号を送信し(S200)、等価交換が可能であることを周知する。この信号には、通信端末120の表示画面上に固定価格を表示するとともに等価交換が常に可能である旨を表示させるための命令が含まれる、あるいは付随する。 [2. Virtual currency management method and program]
2.1 Buying and Selling Virtual Currency A flowchart for buying and selling virtual currency is shown in FIG. In the management method of this embodiment, the user can buy and sell virtual currency with a virtual currency issuer. At that time, the virtual currency issuer fixes the price (conversion rate) of the virtual currency with respect to the legal currency to a predetermined price (hereinafter referred to as a fixed price or a first conversion rate), and the legal currency and the virtual currency at that price. Conversion between them (hereinafter referred to as equivalent exchange). Specifically, the virtual currency issuer transmits a conversion request signal including a fixed price to the communication terminal 120, which is the user's terminal, via the first server 110 (S200), and it is known that equivalent exchange is possible. To do. This signal includes or accompanies an instruction for displaying a fixed price on the display screen of the communication terminal 120 and displaying that equivalent exchange is always possible.
変換依頼信号は、複数回送信することができ、この場合、不定期に送信してもよく、定期的に送信してもよい。定期的に送信する場合には、その発信間隔は数秒から数時間、あるいは数日の間で任意に選択することができる。例えば1秒ごと、1分ごと、1時間ごと、3時間ごと、12時間ごと、24時間ごと、3日ごと、1週間ごとの発信間隔で変換依頼信号を通信端末120へ送信してもよい。さらに後述するように、等価交換後の市場価格(以下、市場価格を第2交換率とも呼ぶ)、あるいはこれと固定価格との差異に応じて発信間隔を変化させてもよい。また、変換依頼信号は、通信端末120が起動された場合、スリープ状態から解放された場合、通信端末120の表示画面に電源が投入された場合などに上記表示を行わせるための命令を含んでもよい。これによりユーザは、通信端末120を介して常に等価交換が仮想通貨発行体において可能であることを認識することができ、市場価格に大きく左右されずに仮想通貨が売買可能であることが理解できる。
The conversion request signal can be transmitted a plurality of times. In this case, the conversion request signal may be transmitted irregularly or periodically. In the case of regular transmission, the transmission interval can be arbitrarily selected from several seconds to several hours or several days. For example, the conversion request signal may be transmitted to the communication terminal 120 at intervals of 1 second, 1 minute, 1 hour, 3 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 1 week. Further, as will be described later, the transmission interval may be changed according to the market price after the equivalent exchange (hereinafter, the market price is also referred to as the second exchange rate) or the difference between this and the fixed price. The conversion request signal may include a command for causing the display to be performed when the communication terminal 120 is activated, released from the sleep state, or when the display screen of the communication terminal 120 is turned on. Good. Accordingly, the user can recognize that the equivalent exchange is always possible in the virtual currency issuer via the communication terminal 120, and can understand that the virtual currency can be bought and sold without greatly depending on the market price. .
ユーザが法定通貨と仮想通貨間の変換を行う場合、ユーザは通信端末120を介し、第1のサーバ110へ法定通貨と仮想通貨間の交換を要求するための変換要求信号を送信し、第1のサーバ110がこの信号を受信する。第1のサーバ110には、ユーザが保有する仮想通貨の残高に関する情報がウォレット情報として格納される。変換要求信号を受信した第1のサーバ110は、変換要求信号の内容に基づき、プログラムの命令に従って等価交換を行うとともに、対応するユーザのウォレット情報を更新する(S202)。ユーザは、通信端末120内のソフトウェアやアプリケーションを用いることで第1のサーバ110へアクセスし、第1のサーバ110に格納されたウォレット情報を取得する。これによりユーザは任意の時に自己が保有する仮想通貨の残高を知ることができる。
When the user performs conversion between legal currency and virtual currency, the user transmits a conversion request signal for requesting exchange between legal currency and virtual currency to the first server 110 via the communication terminal 120, and the first The server 110 receives this signal. In the first server 110, information regarding the balance of the virtual currency held by the user is stored as wallet information. The first server 110 that has received the conversion request signal performs equivalent exchange according to the instructions of the program based on the content of the conversion request signal and updates the corresponding user's wallet information (S202). The user accesses the first server 110 by using software or an application in the communication terminal 120 and acquires the wallet information stored in the first server 110. Thereby, the user can know the balance of the virtual currency held by the user at any time.
なお、通信端末120から変換要求信号が第1のサーバ110に送信されない場合、引き続き第1のサーバ110は変換依頼信号を通信端末120へ送信するようプログラムを構成してもよい。この場合にも第1のサーバ110が変換依頼信号を通信端末120へ複数回送信するよう、プログラムを構成することができる。
In addition, when the conversion request signal is not transmitted from the communication terminal 120 to the first server 110, the first server 110 may continuously configure the program so as to transmit the conversion request signal to the communication terminal 120. Also in this case, the program can be configured such that the first server 110 transmits the conversion request signal to the communication terminal 120 a plurality of times.
ここまで、法定通貨と仮想通貨間の交換がユーザと仮想通貨発行体との間で行われる例を用いて仮想通貨の売買に関するフローを説明したが、上述したフローを適用することで法定通貨と仮想通貨間の交換を取引所と仮想通貨発行体との間でも行うことができる。この場合、等価交換を依頼するための固定価格を含む変換依頼信号が第1のサーバ110から第3のサーバ140に送信される。取引所が等価交換を希望する場合、取引所は第3のサーバ140を介し、変換要求信号を第1のサーバ110へ送信する。その後のフローは上述したものと同様である。
So far, the flow related to buying and selling of virtual currency has been explained using an example in which the exchange between legal currency and virtual currency is performed between the user and the virtual currency issuer, but by applying the above-mentioned flow, Exchange between virtual currencies can also be performed between an exchange and a virtual currency issuer. In this case, a conversion request signal including a fixed price for requesting equivalent exchange is transmitted from the first server 110 to the third server 140. When the exchange desires an equivalent exchange, the exchange transmits a conversion request signal to the first server 110 via the third server 140. The subsequent flow is the same as described above.
さらにユーザは、取引所において法定通貨と仮想通貨を交換することも可能である。この場合ユーザは、通信端末120を介して第3のサーバ140に対して変換要求信号を送信し、市場価格で法定通貨と仮想通貨間の変換を行う。市場価格は仮想通貨の需要と供給のバランスによって決まるため、変動しうる。このため、通信端末120内には、変換要求信号の送信先がユーザによって選択できるプログラムが搭載されていてもよい。あるいは通信端末120内には、固定価格と市場価格を比較し、取引内容に応じて(すなわち、より安価に仮想通貨を購入し、より高価に仮想通貨を売却できるよう)変換要求信号の送信先を自動的に選択するためのプログラムが搭載されていてもよい。
Furthermore, the user can exchange legal currency and virtual currency at the exchange. In this case, the user transmits a conversion request signal to the third server 140 via the communication terminal 120, and performs conversion between legal currency and virtual currency at the market price. Market prices can fluctuate because they are determined by the balance between demand and supply of virtual currency. For this reason, the communication terminal 120 may include a program that allows the user to select the transmission destination of the conversion request signal. Alternatively, the communication terminal 120 compares the fixed price with the market price, and sends the conversion request signal according to the transaction contents (that is, the virtual currency can be purchased at a lower price and sold at a higher price). There may be a program for automatically selecting.
上述した方法を用いることで、ユーザや取引所は、時期的制約や量的制約を課せられることなく、常に等価交換が可能であることを認識することができる。このため、固定価格から大きく乖離した価格では法定通貨と仮想通貨間の交換が事実上成立しない。その結果、市場価格を固定価格と同一、あるいはほぼ同一の価格で安定化させることができる。
By using the above-described method, the user or the exchange can recognize that the equivalent exchange is always possible without imposing time restrictions or quantitative restrictions. For this reason, the exchange between legal currency and virtual currency is practically not established at a price greatly deviating from the fixed price. As a result, the market price can be stabilized at the same or almost the same price as the fixed price.
2.2 売買の検証と記録保存
通信端末120や第3のサーバ140から第1のサーバ110へ送信される変換要求信号には、法定通貨と仮想通貨間の交換という取引(トランズアクション)が含まれる。このトランズアクションを検証し、その記録を保存することにより、取引の偽造や改ざんを防止することができ、取引の透明性の維持に寄与することができる。本実施形態では、トランズアクションの検証と保存において、公開鍵暗号方式やブロックチェーンネットワーク130を活用することができる。 2.2 Verification of trading and record storage The conversion request signal transmitted from the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140 to thefirst server 110 includes a transaction (transaction) of exchange between legal currency and virtual currency. It is. By verifying this transaction and storing the record, it is possible to prevent counterfeiting or tampering of the transaction, and contribute to maintaining the transparency of the transaction. In the present embodiment, the public key cryptosystem and the block chain network 130 can be used for verification and storage of transactions.
通信端末120や第3のサーバ140から第1のサーバ110へ送信される変換要求信号には、法定通貨と仮想通貨間の交換という取引(トランズアクション)が含まれる。このトランズアクションを検証し、その記録を保存することにより、取引の偽造や改ざんを防止することができ、取引の透明性の維持に寄与することができる。本実施形態では、トランズアクションの検証と保存において、公開鍵暗号方式やブロックチェーンネットワーク130を活用することができる。 2.2 Verification of trading and record storage The conversion request signal transmitted from the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140 to the
例えば図3に示すように、第1のサーバ110はプログラムの命令に従い、暗号化や復号化で用いる二つの鍵を生成する。一つは公開鍵112であり、他方は秘密鍵114である。秘密鍵114と公開鍵112は対をなし、秘密鍵114で暗号化されたものは公開鍵112で復号化できるものの、他の鍵では復号化できない。逆に公開鍵112で暗号化されたものは秘密鍵114で復号化することができるものの、他の鍵では復号化できない。
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first server 110 generates two keys used for encryption and decryption in accordance with a program instruction. One is a public key 112 and the other is a secret key 114. The private key 114 and the public key 112 are paired, and what is encrypted with the private key 114 can be decrypted with the public key 112, but cannot be decrypted with other keys. Conversely, what is encrypted with the public key 112 can be decrypted with the private key 114, but cannot be decrypted with other keys.
第1のサーバ110が通信端末120や第3のサーバ140から変換要求信号を受信した後、この信号に含まれるトランズアクション(図中、TA)を秘密鍵114を用いて暗号化し、電子署名(図中、ES)を作成する。その後第1のサーバ110は、暗号化される前(すなわち、オリジナル)のトランズアクション、および電子署名を同時にブロックチェーンネットワーク130内のすべて、あるいは一部の第2のサーバ132へ送信(ブロードキャスト)する。また、第1のサーバ110は、ブロードキャストと同時、あるいはブロードキャストに前後して、公開鍵112を第2のサーバ132に送信する(S204)。
After the first server 110 receives the conversion request signal from the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140, the transaction (TA in the figure) included in this signal is encrypted using the private key 114, and an electronic signature ( In the figure, ES) is created. The first server 110 then sends (broadcasts) the unencrypted (ie, original) transaction and electronic signature to all or some of the second servers 132 in the blockchain network 130 at the same time. . Further, the first server 110 transmits the public key 112 to the second server 132 at the same time as the broadcast or before or after the broadcast (S204).
トランズアクションと電子署名を受信した第2のサーバ132は公開鍵112を用いて電子署名を復号化し、暗号化される前のトランズアクションと復号化された電子署名を比較することで検証を行う。比較の結果、これらが同一であれば、トランズアクションが偽造、改ざんされておらず、正当なものであることが証明される。逆に、トランズアクションと復号化された電子署名が同一でなければ、トランズアクションが偽造、改ざんされている可能性が非常に高いと判断することができる。
The second server 132 that has received the transaction and the electronic signature uses the public key 112 to decrypt the electronic signature, and verifies the transaction before being encrypted with the decrypted electronic signature. As a result of comparison, if they are the same, it is proved that the transaction is not forged or falsified and is legitimate. Conversely, if the transaction and the decrypted electronic signature are not identical, it can be determined that there is a very high possibility that the transaction is forged or tampered.
ブロックチェーンネットワーク130は、ブロードキャストされたトランズアクションをまとめたブロック160を順次生成する(図4(A))。新たに生成されたブロック(図4(A)ではブロック160_3)は、これまでに生成されたブロック(ブロック160_1、ブロック160_2)とともに生成順に連結されて時系列を作る。この時系列はブロックチェーンと呼ばれる。各第2のサーバ132の記憶装置には、ブロックチェーンが格納される。
The block chain network 130 sequentially generates blocks 160 in which the broadcast transactions are collected (FIG. 4A). The newly generated block (block 160_3 in FIG. 4A) is connected in the order of generation together with the blocks generated so far (block 160_1 and block 160_2) to form a time series. This time series is called a block chain. A block chain is stored in the storage device of each second server 132.
各ブロック160には、ブロックヘッダ162とトランズアクション情報164が含まれる(図4(A))。トランズアクション情報164には、複数のトランズアクションに関する情報が含まれる。ブロックヘッダ162は、前段のブロック160のブロックヘッダ162をハッシュ計算(暗号学的ハッシュ関数を用いる計算)することによって得られるハッシュ値166、およびそのブロック160に格納される複数のトランズアクションを多重にハッシュ計算することによって得られるトランズアクションのハッシュ木ルート(マークルルート)値168を含むことができる(図4(B))。
Each block 160 includes a block header 162 and transaction information 164 (FIG. 4A). The transaction information 164 includes information related to a plurality of transactions. The block header 162 multiplexes the hash value 166 obtained by hash calculation (calculation using a cryptographic hash function) of the block header 162 of the preceding block 160 and a plurality of transactions stored in the block 160. The hash tree root (Mercle root) value 168 of the transaction obtained by performing the hash calculation can be included (FIG. 4B).
上述した検証が終了した後、トランズアクションは、複数の第2のサーバ132のうち少なくとも一つにおいてハッシュ計算に供され、ハッシュ木ルート値168が生成される。得られたハッシュ木ルート値168、および前段のブロックヘッダ(例えば図4(A)ではブロック160_2のブロックヘッダ162)のハッシュ値166を合わせてハッシュ計算が行われ、新たなブロック160_3が生成される。
After the above-described verification is completed, the transaction is subjected to hash calculation in at least one of the plurality of second servers 132, and a hash tree root value 168 is generated. Hash calculation is performed by combining the obtained hash tree root value 168 and the hash value 166 of the preceding block header (for example, the block header 162 of the block 160_2 in FIG. 4A), and a new block 160_3 is generated. .
新たなブロック160_3が生成されると、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130内でブロック160_3の検証が行われる。具体的には、ブロック160_3を生成した第2のサーバ132以外の第2のサーバ132のうち少なくとも一つにおいて、前段のブロック160_2とハッシュ計算で用いたナンスをパラメータとしてハッシュ値を求め、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130内で決められた条件を満たしているかどうかが確認される。条件が満たされていれば検証されたと見做され、新たなブロック160_3が第2のサーバ132の記憶装置内のブロックチェーンに追加され、ブロックチェーンが更新される(S206)。これによりよりトランズアクションが確定されて実行され、ユーザと仮想通貨発行体との取引が完遂する。
When a new block 160_3 is generated, the block 160_3 is verified in the block chain network 130. Specifically, in at least one of the second servers 132 other than the second server 132 that generated the block 160_3, a hash value is obtained using the previous block 160_2 and the nonce used in the hash calculation as parameters, and the block chain It is confirmed whether a condition determined in the network 130 is satisfied. If the condition is satisfied, it is regarded as being verified, and a new block 160_3 is added to the block chain in the storage device of the second server 132, and the block chain is updated (S206). As a result, the transaction is further determined and executed, and the transaction between the user and the virtual currency issuer is completed.
上述したブロックチェーンの形成は、PoW(Proof of Work)というコンセンサスアルゴリズムを利用したものであるが、コンセンサスアルゴリズムとしては、PoS(Proof of Stake)やPoI(Proof of Importance)など、様々なアルゴリズムを採用することができる。
The formation of the block chain described above uses a consensus algorithm called PoW (Proof of Work), but various algorithms such as PoS (Proof of Take) and PoI (Proof of Impulse) are adopted as the consensus algorithm. can do.
なお、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130を利用しない場合、トランズアクションなどのブロードキャストを行わず、第1のサーバ110にブロックチェーンを格納し、第1のサーバ110を用いてトランズアクションを含む新たなブロック160_3を生成し、ブロックチェーンの更新を行ってもよい。
If the block chain network 130 is not used, the transaction is not broadcasted, the block chain is stored in the first server 110, and a new block 160_3 including the transaction is generated using the first server 110. However, the block chain may be updated.
あるデータをハッシュ計算することで得られるハッシュ値は、元のデータが少しでも変化すると異なる数値となる。したがってハッシュ値を用いることでデータの正当性を検証することができる。上述したように、各ブロック160には前段のブロックヘッダ162から得られるハッシュ値166が含まれるため、あるブロック160の内容を改ざん、偽造すると、次段以降のブロック160に付与されるハッシュ値166が変化する。したがって、改ざん、偽造を成功させるためには、それ以降のブロック160のすべてのハッシュを再計算する必要があり、これにより、改ざん、偽造が事実上不可能となる。したがって、ユーザや取引所と仮想通貨発行体間の取引の検証と保存にブロックチェーンを活用することにより、取引の信頼性と安全性を確保することができる。
Hash value obtained by hash calculation of certain data becomes a different numerical value when the original data changes even a little. Therefore, the validity of the data can be verified by using the hash value. As described above, each block 160 includes the hash value 166 obtained from the block header 162 in the previous stage. Therefore, if the contents of a certain block 160 are altered and forged, the hash value 166 assigned to the block 160 in the next stage or later is obtained. Changes. Therefore, in order to succeed in the falsification and forgery, it is necessary to recalculate all the hashes of the subsequent blocks 160, which makes it virtually impossible to falsify and forge. Therefore, the reliability and safety of transactions can be ensured by utilizing the block chain for verification and storage of transactions between users and exchanges and virtual currency issuers.
なお、通信端末120と第3のサーバ140は、変換要求信号に含まれるトランズアクションを上述した暗号化方式によって暗号化し、その後暗号化されたトランズアクションを含む変換要求信号、オリジナルのトランズアクション、および公開鍵を第1のサーバ110へ送信してもよい。この場合、電子署名は、第1のサーバ110において復号化され、トランズアクションが検証される。
Note that the communication terminal 120 and the third server 140 encrypt the transaction included in the conversion request signal by the above-described encryption method, and then convert the conversion request signal including the encrypted transaction, the original transaction, and The public key may be transmitted to the first server 110. In this case, the electronic signature is decrypted at the first server 110 and the transaction is verified.
2.3 価格安定化の加速化
仮想通貨の市場価格を固定価格、あるいはその近傍でより効果的に安定化させるため、仮想通貨発行体がより確実に、かつ速やかに等価交換が行えるよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。具体的には、仮想通貨発行体は第1のサーバ110を介し、等価交換を行うための発注を常時行う。例えば図5に示すフローのように、等価交換を行うための発注信号を通信端末120や第3のサーバ140へ送信する(S210)ことを第1のサーバ110に実行させるよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。この信号は連続的に繰り返し送信するよう、プログラムを設定してもよい。また、不定期、あるいは定期的に繰り返し発注信号を送信するよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。定期的に送信する場合、その間隔は任意に設定することができ、例えば1秒から10秒、1秒から1分、1秒から1時間、1秒から12時間、1秒から1日の間で選択することができる。 2.3 Acceleration of price stabilization In order to more effectively stabilize the market price of virtual currency at or near the fixed price, a program is provided to enable the virtual currency issuer to perform equivalent exchange more reliably and quickly. May be configured. Specifically, the virtual currency issuer always places an order for performing equivalent exchange via thefirst server 110. For example, as in the flow shown in FIG. 5, the program is configured to cause the first server 110 to transmit an ordering signal for performing equivalent exchange to the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140 (S210). May be. The program may be set so that this signal is continuously and repeatedly transmitted. Further, the program may be configured to transmit the order signal repeatedly or irregularly. When sending regularly, the interval can be set arbitrarily, for example, 1 second to 10 seconds, 1 second to 1 minute, 1 second to 1 hour, 1 second to 12 hours, 1 second to 1 day Can be selected.
仮想通貨の市場価格を固定価格、あるいはその近傍でより効果的に安定化させるため、仮想通貨発行体がより確実に、かつ速やかに等価交換が行えるよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。具体的には、仮想通貨発行体は第1のサーバ110を介し、等価交換を行うための発注を常時行う。例えば図5に示すフローのように、等価交換を行うための発注信号を通信端末120や第3のサーバ140へ送信する(S210)ことを第1のサーバ110に実行させるよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。この信号は連続的に繰り返し送信するよう、プログラムを設定してもよい。また、不定期、あるいは定期的に繰り返し発注信号を送信するよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。定期的に送信する場合、その間隔は任意に設定することができ、例えば1秒から10秒、1秒から1分、1秒から1時間、1秒から12時間、1秒から1日の間で選択することができる。 2.3 Acceleration of price stabilization In order to more effectively stabilize the market price of virtual currency at or near the fixed price, a program is provided to enable the virtual currency issuer to perform equivalent exchange more reliably and quickly. May be configured. Specifically, the virtual currency issuer always places an order for performing equivalent exchange via the
第3のサーバ140に搭載されるプログラムは、等価交換をユーザや取引所が許容する場合、発注信号に対して自動的に応答し、変換要求信号を第1のサーバ110へ送信するよう構成することができる。具体的には、等価交換が取引所にとって有利な場合、発注信号に対して第3のサーバ140が自動的に応答するようにすることができる。例えば仮想通貨の市場価格が固定価格よりも低い場合、第3のサーバ140に搭載されるプログラムは、市場価格、あるいはそれ以上の価格で仮想通貨を買い取るという第1のサーバ110からの発注信号に応答するよう設定される。この状況において第1のサーバ110が発注信号を第3のサーバ140に繰り返し送信することで、即座に等価交換を成立させることができる。逆に仮想通貨の市場価格が固定価格よりも高い場合、第3のサーバ140に搭載されるプログラムは、市場価格、あるいはそれ以下の価格で仮想通貨を販売するという第1のサーバ110からの発注信号に応答するよう設定される。この状況において第1のサーバ110が発注信号を第3のサーバ140に繰り返し送信することで、即座に等価交換を成立させることができる。
The program installed in the third server 140 is configured to automatically respond to the order signal and transmit the conversion request signal to the first server 110 when the user or the exchange allows the equivalent exchange. be able to. Specifically, when equivalent exchange is advantageous for the exchange, the third server 140 can automatically respond to the order signal. For example, when the market price of the virtual currency is lower than the fixed price, the program installed in the third server 140 generates an order signal from the first server 110 that buys the virtual currency at the market price or higher. Set to respond. In this situation, the first server 110 repeatedly transmits an order signal to the third server 140, so that the equivalent exchange can be immediately established. Conversely, if the market price of the virtual currency is higher than the fixed price, the program installed in the third server 140 places an order from the first server 110 to sell the virtual currency at the market price or lower price. Set to respond to signals. In this situation, the first server 110 repeatedly transmits an order signal to the third server 140, so that the equivalent exchange can be immediately established.
なお、仮想通貨の高騰の可能性が低い場合、固定価格で購入する、すなわち、固定価格で仮想通貨を法定通貨へ変換するための発注信号のみを第3のサーバ140へ送信するよう、第1のサーバのプログラムを設定してもよい。あるいは、市場価格が固定価格よりも高い場合、もしくは低い場合のいずれかにおいて選択的に発注信号を送信してもよい。選択的に発注信号を送信する場合、例えば市場価格が固定価格よりも低い状況下では、固定価格で仮想通貨を法定通貨へ変換(買い取り)するための発注信号を送信する。逆に市場価格が固定価格よりも高い場合には、固定価格で法定通貨を仮想通貨へ変換(販売)するための発注信号を送信する。
When the possibility of soaring the virtual currency is low, the first price is set so that only the order signal for purchasing at a fixed price, that is, for converting the virtual currency to the legal currency at the fixed price is transmitted to the third server 140. The server program may be set. Alternatively, the order signal may be selectively transmitted when the market price is higher or lower than the fixed price. When the order signal is selectively transmitted, for example, in a situation where the market price is lower than the fixed price, an order signal for converting (buying) virtual currency into legal currency is transmitted at a fixed price. On the contrary, when the market price is higher than the fixed price, an ordering signal for converting (selling) the legal currency to the virtual currency at the fixed price is transmitted.
発注信号はユーザの通信端末120に送信してもよい。この場合、通信端末120に搭載されたプログラムは、通信端末が発注信号に自動的に応答するよう構成してもよい。これにより、ユーザと仮想通貨発行体の間で等価交換を速やかに成立させることができる。
The order signal may be transmitted to the communication terminal 120 of the user. In this case, the program installed in the communication terminal 120 may be configured such that the communication terminal automatically responds to the order signal. Thereby, the equivalent exchange can be quickly established between the user and the virtual currency issuer.
等価交換が成立した場合には、上述した方法と同様に、その取引内容を含むトランズアクションを暗号化、検証し、その後新たなブロックが生成され、ブロックチェーンが更新される。これにより、取引の履歴が安全に保存される(S212、S214)。
When the equivalent exchange is established, the transaction including the transaction content is encrypted and verified in the same manner as described above, and then a new block is generated and the block chain is updated. Thereby, the transaction history is safely stored (S212, S214).
投資を主目的として仮想通貨を取引するユーザや取引所(投資家)は、市場価格の変動を利用して利益を得ることを取引の目的としている。したがって、市場価格が固定価格よりも高い場合でも、より高価な価格で売却(仮想通貨から法定通貨への交換)できる可能性を前提として投機を行う。すなわち、市場価格が高騰した場合でも、市場価格よりも高い価格で仮想通貨を購入(法定通貨から仮想通貨への交換)する動機を有しており、これが市場価格のさらなる高騰をもたらす。逆に市場価格が下落した場合、市場心理を利用してより低い価格での購入を試みるため、市場価格のさらなる下落を引き起こす。
ユ ー ザ Users and exchanges (investors) who trade virtual currencies mainly for investment have the purpose of making profits by using fluctuations in market prices. Therefore, even if the market price is higher than the fixed price, speculation is performed on the assumption that it can be sold at a more expensive price (exchange from virtual currency to legal currency). That is, even when the market price rises, it has the motive to purchase virtual currency at a price higher than the market price (exchange from legal currency to virtual currency), which leads to further increase in the market price. Conversely, if the market price falls, it will attempt to purchase at a lower price using market sentiment, causing further decline in the market price.
本実施形態では上述したように、等価交換を発注するための発注信号を第3のサーバ140や通信端末120へ比較的短い間隔(例えば1秒ごと)で連続的に繰り返し送信する。これにより、時期的、量的制限を受けることなく、仮想通貨の取引を希望するユーザが常に固定価格で仮想通貨を取引するできる環境を創成することができる。したがって市場価格が高騰した場合、固定価格から乖離した市場価格で多くの資金を用いて投資を続けるための動機づけが失われる。同様に市場価格が下落した場合、将来的な市場価格の上昇を見込んで仮想通貨をより低価格で購入するよりも、常時固定価格で購入する仮想通貨発行体との取引を優先させるための動機を与えることができる。その結果、市場価格が固定価格へ収斂する駆動力が発生し、仮想通貨の市場価格を固定価格と同一、あるいはその近傍へ速やかに安定化させることができる。したがって本実施形態は、仮想通貨を投資目的として利用する動機を消失させることに対しても効果が期待でき、仮想通貨の価格安定化のみならず、一般ユーザの仮想通貨に対する負の印象を払拭可能であるとともに、決済手段としての利用を促進させることができる。
In this embodiment, as described above, an order signal for ordering equivalent exchange is continuously and repeatedly transmitted to the third server 140 and the communication terminal 120 at relatively short intervals (for example, every second). Accordingly, it is possible to create an environment in which a user who wants to trade virtual currency can always trade virtual currency at a fixed price without being restricted by time and quantity. Therefore, when the market price rises, the motivation to continue investing with a large amount of funds at a market price deviating from the fixed price is lost. Similarly, if market prices decline, motivation to prioritize transactions with cryptocurrency issuers who always buy at a fixed price rather than buying cryptocurrency at a lower price in anticipation of future market price increases. Can be given. As a result, a driving force for converging the market price to the fixed price is generated, and the market price of the virtual currency can be quickly stabilized to be the same as or close to the fixed price. Therefore, this embodiment can be expected to be effective for eliminating the motivation to use the virtual currency for investment purposes, and not only stabilize the price of the virtual currency but also dispel the negative impression of the general user on the virtual currency. In addition, the use as a settlement means can be promoted.
2.4 市場価格の安定性評価と安定化
上述したように、仮想通貨はその信用度に応じて市場において価格が変動する。また、仮想通貨の供給量は有限であり、仮想通貨発行体の資本や仮想通貨の利用形態などに基づいて仮想通貨発行体によって制御される。したがって、需要と供給のバランスによっても仮想通貨の市場価格は変動する。本発明の実施形態では、以下に述べる方法を用いて仮想通貨の価格の安定性評価を行い、評価結果に基づいて市場価格の安定化を図ることも可能である。 2.4 Evaluation and stabilization of market price stability As described above, the price of a virtual currency varies in the market depending on its creditworthiness. The supply amount of the virtual currency is limited, and is controlled by the virtual currency issuer based on the capital of the virtual currency issuer, the usage form of the virtual currency, and the like. Therefore, the market price of virtual currency varies depending on the balance between supply and demand. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to evaluate the stability of the price of the virtual currency using the method described below, and to stabilize the market price based on the evaluation result.
上述したように、仮想通貨はその信用度に応じて市場において価格が変動する。また、仮想通貨の供給量は有限であり、仮想通貨発行体の資本や仮想通貨の利用形態などに基づいて仮想通貨発行体によって制御される。したがって、需要と供給のバランスによっても仮想通貨の市場価格は変動する。本発明の実施形態では、以下に述べる方法を用いて仮想通貨の価格の安定性評価を行い、評価結果に基づいて市場価格の安定化を図ることも可能である。 2.4 Evaluation and stabilization of market price stability As described above, the price of a virtual currency varies in the market depending on its creditworthiness. The supply amount of the virtual currency is limited, and is controlled by the virtual currency issuer based on the capital of the virtual currency issuer, the usage form of the virtual currency, and the like. Therefore, the market price of virtual currency varies depending on the balance between supply and demand. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to evaluate the stability of the price of the virtual currency using the method described below, and to stabilize the market price based on the evaluation result.
図6のフローチャートに示すように、プログラムの命令に従い、第1のサーバ110は第3のサーバ140に対し、仮想通貨の市場価格を含む情報(取引額情報)を要求するための信号(取引額情報要求信号)を送信する(S220)。この信号を受信した第3のサーバ140は、取引額情報信号を第1のサーバ110へ送信し、第1のサーバ110はこれを受信する(S222)。取引額情報要求信号は、一つの第3のサーバ140のみに送信してもよく、複数の第3のサーバ140に送信してもよい。複数の第3のサーバ140から送られる取引額情報が示す市場価格が異なる場合、第1のサーバ110が複数の市場価格のうちの一つ、あるいは複数の市場価格を平均した値を市場価格として認定するよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。これらのステップにより、仮想通貨発行体は、市場における仮想通貨の取引価格を把握することができる。
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, in accordance with a program command, the first server 110 requests the third server 140 for information (transaction amount information) including the market price of the virtual currency (transaction amount). An information request signal) is transmitted (S220). Receiving this signal, the third server 140 transmits a transaction amount information signal to the first server 110, and the first server 110 receives it (S222). The transaction amount information request signal may be transmitted to only one third server 140 or may be transmitted to a plurality of third servers 140. When the market price indicated by the transaction amount information sent from the plurality of third servers 140 is different, the first server 110 uses one of the plurality of market prices or a value obtained by averaging the plurality of market prices as the market price. The program may be configured to certify. Through these steps, the virtual currency issuer can grasp the transaction price of the virtual currency in the market.
なお、第1のサーバ110が第3のサーバ140の一部を兼ねる場合、取引額情報要求信号は送信しなくてもよい。
In addition, when the 1st server 110 serves as a part of 3rd server 140, it is not necessary to transmit a transaction amount information request signal.
その後プログラムの命令に従って第1のサーバ110は、市場価格が一定の条件を満たすかどうかを判定する。条件が満たされた場合、市場価格が安定していると判断され、条件が満たされていない場合、市場価格が安定していないと判断される。
Thereafter, the first server 110 determines whether or not the market price satisfies a certain condition according to an instruction of the program. When the condition is satisfied, it is determined that the market price is stable. When the condition is not satisfied, it is determined that the market price is not stable.
この条件は多様に設定することができる。例えば市場価格をP1、固定価格をP0とし、以下の式で表される変動率ΔPがプラスマイナスXパーセントの範囲にある場合に市場価格は条件を満たしていると判定するよう、プログラムを構成することができる。逆に変動率ΔPがプラスマイナスXパーセントの範囲外にある場合、市場価格が条件を満たさないと判定される。Xは任意に設定することができ、例えば3以上30以下、5以上20以下、あるいは5以上10以下の範囲から選択することができる。
This condition can be set in various ways. For example, if the market price is P 1 , the fixed price is P 0, and the rate of change ΔP expressed by the following formula is in the range of plus or minus X percent, the program is determined to determine that the market price satisfies the condition. Can be configured. Conversely, if the rate of change ΔP is outside the range of plus or minus X percent, it is determined that the market price does not satisfy the condition. X can be arbitrarily set, and can be selected, for example, from a range of 3 to 30, 5 to 20, or 5 to 10.
図7(A)に、市場価格の変動率ΔPの経時変化を模式的に示す。この例では、時刻T1において受信した取引額情報信号から、市場価格の変動率ΔPがXパーセントを超えたと判定され、市場価格が安定していないと判断される。逆に時刻T2においては、変動率ΔPはXパーセント内に収斂したと判定され、市場価格が安定していると判断される。
FIG. 7 (A) schematically shows changes over time in the market price fluctuation rate ΔP. In this example, it is determined from the transaction amount information signal received at time T1 that the market price fluctuation rate ΔP exceeds X percent, and it is determined that the market price is not stable. Conversely, at time T2, it is determined that the rate of change ΔP has converged within X percent, and it is determined that the market price is stable.
市場価格が固定価格よりも高い場合、あるいは低い場合のいずれかにおいて選択的に発注信号を送信する場合には、例えばΔPがXパーセントを超えた時、あるいはマイナスXパーセントを下回った時に市場価格が安定していないと判断し、発注信号を送信するよう、プログラムを構成すればよい。
In the case where the order signal is selectively transmitted when the market price is higher or lower than the fixed price, for example, when ΔP exceeds X percentage or falls below minus X percentage, The program may be configured to determine that it is not stable and to send an ordering signal.
あるいは図7(B)に示すように、固定価格Sよりも高い価格と低い価格をそれぞれ閾値Th1、Th2、閾値Th1とTh2の間を許容変動幅Mと設定し、市場価格が許容変動幅M内であれば市場価格は条件を満たしていると判定するよう、プログラムを構成することができる。逆に市場価格が閾値Th2よりも低い、あるいは閾値Th1よりも高い場合、すなわち、市場価格が許容変動幅Mを逸脱する場合、市場価格は条件を満たしていないと判定される。なお、閾値Th1、Th2はそれぞれ、固定価格に固定価格のYパーセントを加減した値である。Yは任意に設定することができ、例えば3以上30以下、5以上20以下、あるいは5以上10以下の範囲から選択することができる。なお、固定価格Sと閾値Th1との差、固定価格Sと閾値Th2の差は互いに異なってもよく、同一でも良い。
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7B, the price higher than the fixed price S and the price lower than the fixed price S are set as the threshold value Th1, Th2, and the threshold value Th1 and Th2 are set as the allowable fluctuation range M. If so, the program can be configured to determine that the market price satisfies the condition. Conversely, when the market price is lower than the threshold Th2 or higher than the threshold Th1, that is, when the market price deviates from the allowable fluctuation range M, it is determined that the market price does not satisfy the condition. The threshold values Th1 and Th2 are values obtained by adding or subtracting the Y percentage of the fixed price to the fixed price. Y can be set arbitrarily, and can be selected, for example, from the range of 3 to 30, 5 to 20, or 5 to 10. Note that the difference between the fixed price S and the threshold Th1 and the difference between the fixed price S and the threshold Th2 may be different from each other or the same.
図7(B)に示した例では、時刻T1において受信した取引額情報信号から、市場価格が許容変動幅Mを逸脱したと判定され、市場価格が安定していないと判断される。逆に時刻T2においては、市場価格が許容変動幅M内に収まったと判定され、市場価格が安定したと判断される。同様に、時刻T3から時刻T4の間において、市場価格が安定していないと判断される。
In the example shown in FIG. 7B, it is determined from the transaction amount information signal received at time T1 that the market price has deviated from the allowable fluctuation range M, and it is determined that the market price is not stable. Conversely, at time T2, it is determined that the market price is within the allowable fluctuation range M, and it is determined that the market price is stable. Similarly, it is determined that the market price is not stable between time T3 and time T4.
この場合も、市場価格がTh1を超える、あるいはTh2を下回った場合の一方において市場価格が安定していないと判断し、発注信号を送信するよう、プログラムを構成してもよい。例えば図7(B)に示す時刻T1から時刻T2では発注信号は送信せず、時刻T3において市場価格が安定していないと判断して発注信号の送信を開始し、時刻T4において送信を停止してもよい。
In this case as well, the program may be configured to determine that the market price is not stable on one side when the market price exceeds Th1 or falls below Th2, and to transmit an order signal. For example, from time T1 to time T2 shown in FIG. 7B, the order signal is not transmitted, the market price is determined to be unstable at time T3, transmission of the order signal is started, and transmission is stopped at time T4. May be.
あるいはプログラムは、一定期間の市場価格の推移に基づいて市場価格が条件を満たすかどうかを判定してもよい。例えば図8(A)に示すように、時刻t=T1から現時刻(t=0)までの期間(第1の期間)に取引額情報信号を複数回受信し、市場価格の経時変化をプロットする。この経時変化に適合する回帰直線などの近似直線L1を作成する。図中点線で示すように、この近似直線の外挿L2が時刻t=0からt=T2までの期間(第2の期間)内に上述した許容変動幅Mから逸脱する場合、市場価格が許容変動幅Mから逸脱する状況にあると判定し、市場価格が条件を満たしていないと判断してもよい。なお、第2の期間は第1の期間よりも長くてもよく、第1の期間のZ倍でも良い。Zは例えば1から1000、1から100、1から10の間で選択することができる。
Alternatively, the program may determine whether the market price satisfies the condition based on the transition of the market price over a certain period. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, a transaction amount information signal is received a plurality of times during a period (first period) from time t = T1 to the current time (t = 0), and the change in market price over time is plotted. To do. An approximate straight line L1 such as a regression line suitable for the change with time is created. As shown by the dotted line in the figure, when the extrapolation L2 of this approximate line deviates from the above-described allowable fluctuation range M within the period (second period) from time t = 0 to t = T2, the market price is allowable. It may be determined that the situation deviates from the fluctuation range M and it may be determined that the market price does not satisfy the condition. Note that the second period may be longer than the first period, or Z times the first period. Z can be selected from 1 to 1000, 1 to 100, 1 to 10, for example.
図8(B)には、第1の期間における市場価格の経時変化に近似曲線C1を適合した例が示されている。近似曲線としては多項式、指数関数、べき関数、修正指数関数などが利用でき、多項式の場合、その次数に制約はない。この場合も同様に、近似曲線の外挿C2が第2の期間内に許容変動幅Mから逸脱する場合、市場価格が許容変動幅Mから逸脱する状況にあると判定し、市場価格が条件を満たしていないと判断してもよい。
FIG. 8B shows an example in which the approximate curve C1 is adapted to the change in the market price over time in the first period. As an approximate curve, a polynomial, an exponential function, a power function, a modified exponential function, or the like can be used. In the case of a polynomial, the order is not limited. Similarly, in this case, if the extrapolation C2 of the approximate curve deviates from the allowable fluctuation range M within the second period, it is determined that the market price deviates from the allowable fluctuation range M, and the market price satisfies the condition. You may judge that it does not meet.
市場価格が条件を満たすと判断された場合、市場価格が安定していると見做しし、市場価格を把握するため、引き続き取引額情報要求を第3のサーバ140へ送信し、市場価格のモニターを行う(S220、S222)。取引額情報要求信号の送信(S220)や取引額情報信号の受信(S222)、ならびに市場価格に関する判定は複数回行うことができ、この場合にはプログラムを終了させることなくこれらの動作を不定期、あるいは定期的に行うことができる。定期的にこれらの動作を行う場合、その間隔は例えば30秒ごと、1分毎、10分毎、1時間ごと、3時間ごと、12時間ごと、24時間、3日ごとなど、適宜設定することができる。
When it is determined that the market price satisfies the condition, it is assumed that the market price is stable, and in order to grasp the market price, a transaction amount information request is continuously transmitted to the third server 140, and the market price Monitoring is performed (S220, S222). The transaction amount information request signal transmission (S220), the transaction amount information signal reception (S222), and the market price determination can be performed a plurality of times. In this case, these operations are performed irregularly without terminating the program. Or on a regular basis. When performing these operations regularly, the interval should be set appropriately, for example, every 30 seconds, every minute, every 10 minutes, every hour, every 3 hours, every 12 hours, every 24 hours, every 3 days, etc. Can do.
市場価格が条件を満たさない場合、上述した方法により、市場価格の安定化が図られる。例えば市場価格が安定していないとプログラムが判断した場合、変換依頼信号が第1のサーバ110から通信端末120や第3のサーバ140へ送信される(S200)。この動作により、ユーザや取引所は、仮想通貨発行体を通じて等価交換が常時可能であることを再認識することができる。
If the market price does not satisfy the conditions, the market price can be stabilized by the method described above. For example, when the program determines that the market price is not stable, a conversion request signal is transmitted from the first server 110 to the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140 (S200). By this operation, the user or the exchange can re-recognize that the equivalent exchange is always possible through the virtual currency issuer.
あるいは上述したように、より確実に、かつ速やかに市場価格を固定価格へ収斂させるため、等価交換のための発注信号を第3のサーバ140や通信端末120に送信してもよい(S210)。これにより、市場において等価交換を即座に成立させることができる。
Alternatively, as described above, an order signal for equivalent exchange may be transmitted to the third server 140 or the communication terminal 120 in order to converge the market price to a fixed price more reliably and quickly (S210). Thereby, equivalent exchange can be immediately established in the market.
その後のフローは上述したものと同様であるが、ブロックチェーンの更新(S206、S214)の後、あるいは更新と同時に再度取引額情報要求信号を送信し、取引額情報信号を受信することで、等価交換成立後の市場価格、すなわち第2変換率をモニターすることができる。この時の市場価格、あるいは市場価格と固定価格の差異に応じて発注信号の発信間隔を変化させてもよい。例えば等価交換成立後の第2変換率が等価交換成立前の第2変換率よりも第1変換率に近くなった場合、発信間隔を長くしてもよい。逆に等価交換成立前後で第2変換率が実質的に変化しない場合や大きくなった場合、発信間隔を維持する、あるいは短くしてもよい。等価交換成立後の市場価格や、それと固定価格の差異に基づく安定性の評価は、上述した手法に従って行うことができる。これにより、仮想通貨の価格制御をより柔軟に行うことができる。
The subsequent flow is the same as that described above, but after sending the transaction amount information request signal again after the block chain update (S206, S214) or simultaneously with the update, the transaction amount information signal is received. The market price after the exchange is established, that is, the second conversion rate can be monitored. The transmission interval of the order signal may be changed according to the market price at this time or the difference between the market price and the fixed price. For example, when the second conversion rate after establishment of equivalent exchange is closer to the first conversion rate than the second conversion rate before establishment of equivalent exchange, the transmission interval may be lengthened. Conversely, when the second conversion rate does not substantially change or becomes large before and after the equivalent exchange is established, the transmission interval may be maintained or shortened. Evaluation of stability based on the market price after the establishment of the equivalent exchange and the difference between it and the fixed price can be performed according to the above-described method. Thereby, price control of virtual currency can be performed more flexibly.
本実施形態で述べた仮想通貨の管理方法を適用することにより、仮想通貨発行体は、発行する仮想通貨の市場における価格を容易に安定化、制御することができる。また、ユーザは、仮想通貨が市場動向に大きく左右されることなく、固定価格、もしくはそれと大きく乖離することのない市場価格で法定通貨と変換可能であることを理解することができる。このため、仮想通貨に法定通貨と同様の信頼感を付与することができ、仮想通貨の市場での流通を大幅に促進することができる。例えば仮想通貨を利用したエクスロー取引や、プライベート・エクイティ・ファンドによる仮想通貨の利用を図ることができ、より高効率、低コストの商取引を実現することが可能となる。さらに、これらの様々な商取引に含まれるトランズアクションをブロックチェーンネットワークを用いてブロックチェーンに組み込むことで、これらの商取引の検証と管理を安全に実行することも可能である。
By applying the virtual currency management method described in this embodiment, the virtual currency issuer can easily stabilize and control the price of the issued virtual currency in the market. Further, the user can understand that the virtual currency can be converted into the legal currency at a fixed price or a market price that does not greatly deviate from the virtual currency without being greatly influenced by the market trend. For this reason, it is possible to give the virtual currency the same sense of trust as the legal currency, and greatly promote the circulation of the virtual currency in the market. For example, it is possible to achieve an x-ray transaction using virtual currency or a virtual currency using a private equity fund, thereby realizing more efficient and low-cost commercial transactions. Further, by incorporating the transactions included in these various commercial transactions into the block chain using the block chain network, it is possible to safely perform verification and management of these commercial transactions.
[3.管理装置]
システム100の第1のサーバ110として使用できる仮想通貨の価格管理装置(以下、管理装置)170の構成を図9に示す。管理装置170は、アプリケーションプログラミングインターフェース(API)172を有し、API172を通じて管理装置170がネットワーク150と接続され、これにより管理装置170が通信端末120やブロックチェーンネットワーク130、第3のサーバ140と通信することができる。 [3. Management device]
FIG. 9 shows a configuration of a virtual currency price management apparatus (hereinafter, management apparatus) 170 that can be used as thefirst server 110 of the system 100. The management device 170 has an application programming interface (API) 172, and the management device 170 is connected to the network 150 through the API 172, whereby the management device 170 communicates with the communication terminal 120, the block chain network 130, and the third server 140. can do.
システム100の第1のサーバ110として使用できる仮想通貨の価格管理装置(以下、管理装置)170の構成を図9に示す。管理装置170は、アプリケーションプログラミングインターフェース(API)172を有し、API172を通じて管理装置170がネットワーク150と接続され、これにより管理装置170が通信端末120やブロックチェーンネットワーク130、第3のサーバ140と通信することができる。 [3. Management device]
FIG. 9 shows a configuration of a virtual currency price management apparatus (hereinafter, management apparatus) 170 that can be used as the
管理装置170は記憶装置174を有しており、記憶装置174は適宜複数の領域に分割して管理、使用することができる。例えば領域176には上述したプログラムを記憶することができる。領域178にはユーザの個人情報や通信端末120に関する情報(例えばユーザのウォレット情報、公開鍵112、通信端末120のアドレスなどを含む)を格納することができる。領域178は、仮想通貨の市場価格の推移を記憶するための領域として使用することができる。領域180には、例えば通信端末120や第3のサーバ140から受信した種々の信号に含まれるトランズアクションを記憶するための領域として用いることができる。第1のサーバ110を用いてブロックチェーンの更新を行う場合、領域182を設け、この中にブロックチェーンを格納してもよい。なお、管理装置170は複数の記憶装置を有することもでき、複数の記憶装置にこれらの領域176、178、180、182を分散してもよい。
The management device 170 has a storage device 174, and the storage device 174 can be divided into a plurality of areas as appropriate for management and use. For example, the above-described program can be stored in the area 176. The area 178 can store the user's personal information and information about the communication terminal 120 (including the user's wallet information, the public key 112, the address of the communication terminal 120, etc.). The area 178 can be used as an area for storing the transition of the virtual currency market price. The area 180 can be used as an area for storing transactions included in various signals received from the communication terminal 120 or the third server 140, for example. When the block chain is updated using the first server 110, an area 182 may be provided and the block chain may be stored therein. Note that the management device 170 may have a plurality of storage devices, and these areas 176, 178, 180, and 182 may be distributed to a plurality of storage devices.
管理装置170には中央演算ユニット(CPU)190が設けられ、プログラムを解釈し実行する。例えばブロードキャストに必要な秘密鍵114の生成や新たなブロック160の作成に必要なハッシュ計算、市場価格予測のための計算などを担う。
The management device 170 is provided with a central processing unit (CPU) 190, which interprets and executes a program. For example, it is responsible for generating a secret key 114 necessary for broadcasting, calculating a hash necessary for creating a new block 160, and calculating a market price.
管理装置170はさらに送信部192と受信部194を有することができる。送信部192と受信部194は、プログラムの命令に基づいてCPU190によって制御され、ブロックチェーンネットワーク130や通信端末120、第3のサーバ140と種々の信号の送受信を行う。例えば送信部192は、変換依頼信号や発注信号、取引額情報要求信号を作成、送信するよう構成される。発注信号や変換信号を送信する場合には、これらの信号が連続的に送信されるよう、送信部192が構成される。なお、これらの信号の作成はCPU190で行ってもよい。さらに送信部192は、ブロックチェーンネットワークへトランズアクションのブロードキャストを行うよう構成することができる。一方受信部194は、変換要求信号や取引額情報信号を通信端末120や第3のサーバ140から受信するよう構成される。
The management device 170 can further include a transmission unit 192 and a reception unit 194. The transmission unit 192 and the reception unit 194 are controlled by the CPU 190 based on the instructions of the program, and transmit / receive various signals to / from the block chain network 130, the communication terminal 120, and the third server 140. For example, the transmission unit 192 is configured to create and transmit a conversion request signal, an order signal, and a transaction amount information request signal. When transmitting an order signal or a conversion signal, the transmission unit 192 is configured so that these signals are transmitted continuously. These signals may be created by the CPU 190. Further, the transmission unit 192 can be configured to broadcast a transaction to the block chain network. On the other hand, the receiving unit 194 is configured to receive a conversion request signal and a transaction amount information signal from the communication terminal 120 and the third server 140.
管理装置170は市場価格をモニターするためのモニター196を有してもよい。モニター196は第3のサーバ140とは独立して市場価格を常時モニターすることができる。モニター196によってモニターされる市場価格は、領域178に記憶することができる。
The management device 170 may have a monitor 196 for monitoring the market price. The monitor 196 can always monitor the market price independently of the third server 140. The market price monitored by monitor 196 can be stored in area 178.
モニター196によってモニターされた仮想通貨の市場価格、あるいは受信部194が受信した取引額情報信号に含まれる市場価格に基づき、CPU190は市場価格が一定の条件を満たすかどうかを判定する。市場価格が条件を満たさないと判定された場合、CPU190の命令に従って送信部192は、通信端末120や第3のサーバ140へ変換依頼信号や発注信号を送信する。
Based on the market price of the virtual currency monitored by the monitor 196 or the market price included in the transaction amount information signal received by the receiving unit 194, the CPU 190 determines whether or not the market price satisfies a certain condition. When it is determined that the market price does not satisfy the condition, the transmission unit 192 transmits a conversion request signal and an order signal to the communication terminal 120 and the third server 140 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 190.
任意の構成として、管理装置170はインターフェース198を有していてもよい。インターフェース198は、仮想通貨発行体が管理装置170を操作、管理するために使用されるものであり、管理装置170への入力を行うための入力装置や表示装置などが含まれる。なお、インターフェース198のみならず、API172や記憶装置174、CPU190、送信部192、受信部194、モニター196は必ずしも一体化されている必要は無く、これらが互いに通信可能な状態であれば物理的に分離していてもよい。
As an arbitrary configuration, the management device 170 may have an interface 198. The interface 198 is used by the virtual currency issuer to operate and manage the management device 170, and includes an input device and a display device for performing input to the management device 170. Not only the interface 198 but also the API 172, the storage device 174, the CPU 190, the transmission unit 192, the reception unit 194, and the monitor 196 are not necessarily integrated. It may be separated.
上述した管理装置170を第1のサーバ110として、あるいは第1のサーバ110の一部として使用することで、本実施形態のプログラムを実行され、上述した仮想通貨管理方法によって仮想通貨の市場価格を安定化することができる。
By using the management device 170 described above as the first server 110 or as a part of the first server 110, the program of the present embodiment is executed, and the market price of the virtual currency is determined by the virtual currency management method described above. Can be stabilized.
100:システム、110:第1のサーバ、112:公開鍵、114:秘密鍵、120:通信端末、130:ブロックチェーンネットワーク、132:第2のサーバ、140:第3のサーバ、150:ネットワーク、160:ブロック、162:ブロックヘッダ、164:トランズアクション情報、166:ハッシュ値、168:ハッシュ木ルート値、170:管理装置、172:アプリケーションプログラミングインターフェース(API)、174:記憶装置、176:領域、178:領域、180:領域、182:領域、190:中央演算ユニット(CPU)、192:送信部、194:受信部、196:モニター、198:インターフェース
100: system 110: first server 112: public key 114: secret key 120: communication terminal 130: block chain network 132: second server 140: third server 150: network 160: Block, 162: Block header, 164: Transaction information, 166: Hash value, 168: Hash tree root value, 170: Management device, 172: Application programming interface (API), 174: Storage device, 176: Area, 178: Area, 180: Area, 182: Area, 190: Central processing unit (CPU), 192: Transmitter, 194: Receiver, 196: Monitor, 198: Interface
Claims (14)
- 仮想通貨と法定通貨間の所定の第1変換率を含む変換依頼信号を通信端末に送信する送信部と、
前記仮想通貨と前記法定通貨の変換後の第2変換率を受信する受信部とを備える仮想通貨管理装置。 A transmission unit that transmits a conversion request signal including a predetermined first conversion rate between the virtual currency and the legal currency to the communication terminal;
A virtual currency management device comprising: a reception unit that receives the second conversion rate after conversion of the virtual currency and the legal currency. - 前記送信部はさらに、ブロックチェーンが格納されたサーバへトランズアクションを送信するように構成され、
前記サーバは、前記トランズアクションに含まれる情報に基づいてブロックを生成し、前記ブロックを前記ブロックチェーンへ追加するように構成され、
前記トランズアクションは、前記第1変換率での前記変換を含む、請求項1に記載の仮想通貨管理装置。 The transmitting unit is further configured to transmit a transaction to a server in which a blockchain is stored;
The server is configured to generate a block based on information included in the transaction and add the block to the block chain;
The virtual currency management device according to claim 1, wherein the transaction includes the conversion at the first conversion rate. - 前記第2変換率に基づいて前記変換依頼信号の発信間隔を変化させるように構成される、請求項1に記載の仮想通貨管理装置。 The virtual currency management device according to claim 1, wherein the virtual currency management device is configured to change a transmission interval of the conversion request signal based on the second conversion rate.
- 前記第1変換率と前記第2変換率との差異に応じて前記発信間隔を変化させるように構成される、請求項3に記載の仮想通貨管理装置。 4. The virtual currency management apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the virtual currency management device is configured to change the transmission interval according to a difference between the first conversion rate and the second conversion rate.
- 仮想通貨と法定通貨間の所定の第1変換率を含む変換依頼信号を通信端末に送信すること、および
前記仮想通貨と前記法定通貨の変換後の第2変換率を受信することを第1のサーバに実行させるように構成されるプログラム。 Transmitting a conversion request signal including a predetermined first conversion rate between virtual currency and legal currency to the communication terminal; and receiving a second conversion rate after conversion of the virtual currency and legal currency A program that is configured to be executed by a server. - ブロックチェーンが格納された第2のサーバへトランズアクションを送信することを前記第1のサーバに実行させるように構成され、
前記第2のサーバは、前記トランズアクションに含まれる情報に基づいてブロックを生成し、前記ブロックを前記ブロックチェーンへ追加するように構成され、
前記トランズアクションは、前記第1変換率での前記変換を含む、請求項5に記載のプログラム。 Configured to cause the first server to execute a transaction to a second server in which the blockchain is stored;
The second server is configured to generate a block based on information included in the transaction and add the block to the block chain;
The program according to claim 5, wherein the transaction includes the conversion at the first conversion rate. - 前記第2変換率に基づいて前記変換依頼信号の発信間隔を変化させることを前記第1のサーバに実行させるように構成される、請求項5に記載のプログラム。 The program according to claim 5, wherein the program is configured to cause the first server to change a transmission interval of the conversion request signal based on the second conversion rate.
- 前記第1変換率と前記第2変換率との差異に応じて前記発信間隔を変化させることを前記第1のサーバに実行させるように構成される、請求項7に記載のプログラム。 The program according to claim 7, wherein the program is configured to cause the first server to change the transmission interval according to a difference between the first conversion rate and the second conversion rate.
- 仮想通貨と法定通貨間の変換を依頼するための変換依頼信号を第1のサーバから通信端末へ送信すること、
前記通信端末が前記変換依頼信号を受信した後に、前記法定通貨に対する前記仮想通貨の価格を前記通信端末において表示すること、および
前記変換を要求するための変換要求信号を前記通信端末から前記第1のサーバへ送信することを含み、
前記価格は固定価格である、仮想通貨の管理方法。 Transmitting a conversion request signal for requesting conversion between virtual currency and legal currency from the first server to the communication terminal;
After the communication terminal receives the conversion request signal, the price of the virtual currency with respect to the legal currency is displayed on the communication terminal, and a conversion request signal for requesting the conversion is sent from the communication terminal to the first Including sending to other servers
The virtual currency management method, wherein the price is a fixed price. - 前記第1のサーバによって受信された前記変換要求信号に含まれるトランズアクションを、前記第1のサーバから第2のサーバへ送信すること、
前記第2のサーバにおいて、前記トランズアクションに含まれる情報に基づいてブロックを生成すること、
前記第2のサーバに格納されるブロックチェーンへ前記ブロックを追加することを含み、
前記トランズアクションは、前記固定価格での前記変換を含む、請求項9に記載の管理方法。 Transmitting a transaction included in the conversion request signal received by the first server from the first server to a second server;
Generating a block based on information included in the transaction in the second server;
Adding the block to a block chain stored in the second server;
The management method according to claim 9, wherein the transaction includes the conversion at the fixed price. - 前記変換を前記固定価格で発注するための発注信号を前記第1のサーバから第3のサーバへ連続的に送信すること、
前記発注信号に応答して前記変換要求信号を前記第3のサーバから前記第1のサーバに自動的に送信することを含む、請求項9に記載の管理方法。 Continuously sending an order signal from the first server to a third server to order the conversion at the fixed price;
The management method according to claim 9, further comprising: automatically transmitting the conversion request signal from the third server to the first server in response to the order signal. - 前記仮想通貨の取引額情報要求信号を前記第1のサーバから前記第3のサーバへ送信すること、
前記取引額情報要求信号に応答して取引額情報信号を前記第3のサーバから前記第1のサーバに送信することを含み、
前記取引額情報信号には、前記仮想通貨の取引価格に関する情報が含まれる、請求項11に記載の管理方法。 Sending the virtual currency transaction amount information request signal from the first server to the third server;
Transmitting a transaction amount information signal from the third server to the first server in response to the transaction amount information request signal;
The management method according to claim 11, wherein the transaction amount information signal includes information related to a transaction price of the virtual currency. - 前記第1のサーバは、以下の式で規定されるΔPがプラスマイナスXパーセント以上の時に前記発注信号を送信し、
- 第1の期間に前記取引額情報信号を複数回送信すること、
前記仮想通貨の前記取引価格の経時変化に適合する近似曲線、あるいは近似直線を作成することを含み、
前記第1の期間に引き続く第2の期間に、前記近似曲線、あるいは前記近似直線の外挿が許容変動幅から逸脱する場合に、前記発注信号が送信され、
前記許容変動幅は、前記固定価格に前記固定価格のYパーセントを加減した値の間であり、
前記第2の期間は、前記第1の期間のZ倍であり、
前記Yは3以上30以下の間で選択され、Zは1から10の間で選択される、請求項12に記載の管理方法。 Transmitting the transaction amount information signal a plurality of times in a first period;
Creating an approximate curve or an approximate straight line that matches the change in the transaction price of the virtual currency over time,
In the second period following the first period, when the extrapolation of the approximate curve or the approximate line deviates from the allowable fluctuation range, the order signal is transmitted,
The allowable fluctuation range is between a value obtained by adding or subtracting Y percent of the fixed price to the fixed price,
The second period is Z times the first period;
The management method according to claim 12, wherein the Y is selected between 3 and 30 and Z is selected between 1 and 10.
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