WO2018126790A1

WO2018126790A1 - Circuit protection circuit and method, and power supply cable

Info

Publication number: WO2018126790A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/110748
Authority: WO
Inventors: 龚勇
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2017-01-06
Filing date: 2017-11-13
Publication date: 2018-07-12
Also published as: CN108281991A; JP2020504993A; JP6860153B2

Abstract

Disclosed is a circuit protection circuit, comprising: a first protection monitoring circuit, a first switching circuit, and a self-recovery protection circuit with impedance changing with a temperature change. The first protection monitoring circuit is used for obtaining a first voltage difference between both ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and outputting a first off signal to the first switching circuit when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold. The first switching circuit is used for turning off the current output by a power supply when receiving the first off signal. Also disclosed are a circuit protection method, another circuit protection circuit, and a power supply cable.

Description

一种线路保护电路、方法及供电线缆Line protection circuit, method and power supply cable

相关申请的交叉引用Cross-reference to related applications

本申请基于申请号为201710011306.0、申请日为2017年01月06日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。The present application is filed on the basis of the Chinese Patent Application No. PCT Application No.

技术领域Technical field

本申请涉及供电线路安全保护技术，尤其涉及一种线路保护电路、方法及供电线缆。The present application relates to a power line security protection technology, and in particular, to a line protection circuit, a method, and a power supply cable.

背景技术Background technique

随着技术的发展，移动终端已成为用户日常使用频繁的设备，使得终端的耗电速率越来越快，从而对终端电池的充电也随之越来越频繁；为了有更好的用户的体验，缩短充电时间，快速充电已成为移动终端必须支持的技术；当前，主流快速充电的实质就是增大充电器的输出功率，在电池的充电曲线范围增大充电电流；在充电过程中，不少手机用户都遇到了充电器输出端子的连接器在手机充电时发生微短路后，连接器被烧融的安全问题；特别是当前移动终端通用的Micro USB或TYPE C连接器，由于结构尺寸限制和接口敞开式，用户在使用过程中，插头插座斜向插拔破损，插头用力过大弯折折断，或异物进入，形成大量导电液体和金属粉末，造成充电器线缆在插座内部发生微短路；微短路无法达到充电器短路保护条件，故充电器持续输出功率，在连接器内部转化形成热量；或者随着插拔次数增加，插头和插座的金手指表面发生氧化，致使接触电阻变大，在充电的过程中造成发热，当电流增大显得尤为严重，最终导致数据线或充电器插头或手机接口受热熔化，冒烟、起火等安全事故。With the development of technology, mobile terminals have become users' daily use devices, making the terminal's power consumption rate faster and faster, and thus charging the terminal battery more and more frequently; in order to have a better user experience Shortening the charging time, fast charging has become a technology that mobile terminals must support; currently, the essence of mainstream fast charging is to increase the output power of the charger, increase the charging current in the charging curve range of the battery; in the charging process, many Mobile phone users have encountered the safety problem of the connector being melted after the connector of the charger output terminal is slightly short-circuited during charging of the mobile phone; in particular, the Micro USB or TYPE C connector commonly used in current mobile terminals, due to structural size limitations and The interface is open, when the user is in use, the plug and socket are inserted and removed obliquely, the plug is bent too much, or the foreign matter enters, forming a large amount of conductive liquid and metal powder, causing a micro short circuit of the charger cable inside the socket; Micro short circuit can not reach the charger short circuit protection condition, so the charger continues to output power, in the connector The heat is converted into heat; or as the number of insertions and removals increases, the surface of the gold finger of the plug and the socket is oxidized, causing the contact resistance to become large, causing heat during charging, which is particularly serious when the current is increased, eventually leading to data line or charging. The plug or the phone interface is heated and melted, causing fire, fire and other safety accidents.

有部分方案通过在数据线或充电线缆靠近插头位置的充电回路的电源线上装配热敏电阻，当连接器内部发热到一定程度时，热敏电阻受环境温度影响改变了其阻值，从而改变通过热敏电阻的电源线上的电阻值，随之降低通过连接器的电流。但是降低电流时，同样会让连接器发热处发热减弱，温度降低，热敏电阻重新恢复正常状态，循环往复并且不易被察觉。而且，目前的热敏电阻等可恢复性的保护器件有效使用次数有限，在有安全隐患的数次充电过程后，就会使得线缆的保护措施失效。In some cases, the thermistor is assembled on the power line of the charging circuit of the data line or the charging cable near the plug position. When the internal heat of the connector is heated to a certain extent, the thermistor changes its resistance due to the influence of the ambient temperature, thereby Changing the value of the resistor on the power line through the thermistor reduces the current through the connector. However, when the current is reduced, the heat generated in the connector is also weakened, the temperature is lowered, and the thermistor is returned to the normal state, and the cycle is reciprocating and not easily detected. Moreover, the current use of recoverable protection devices such as thermistors is limited in effective use, and the cable protection measures are invalidated after several charging processes with safety hazards.

因此，如何能在发生安全隐患时切断电源，并能避免发生循环往复切断电源的情况，提高供电安全性，是亟待解决的问题。Therefore, how to cut off the power supply in the event of a safety hazard, and to avoid the situation of recirculating and reversing the power supply, and improving the safety of the power supply is an urgent problem to be solved.

申请内容Application content

有鉴于此，本申请实施例期望提供一种线路保护电路、方法及供电线缆，能避免发生循环往复切断电源的情况，提高供电安全性。In view of this, the embodiments of the present application are expected to provide a circuit protection circuit, a method, and a power supply cable, which can avoid the situation of cyclically reciprocating power supply and improve power supply security.

为达到上述目的，本申请的技术方案是这样实现的：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present application is implemented as follows:

本申请实施例提供了一种线路保护电路，所述电路包括：第一保护监测电路、第一开关电路和自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路；其中，The embodiment of the present application provides a line protection circuit, where the circuit includes: a first protection monitoring circuit, a first switching circuit, and a self-recovery protection circuit whose own impedance changes with temperature;

所述第一保护监测电路，用于获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差，当所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时，向所述第一开关电路输出第一关断信号；The first protection monitoring circuit is configured to acquire a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and output the signal to the first switch circuit when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold First turn-off signal;

所述第一开关电路，用于在接收到所述第一关断信号时，关断电源输出的电流。The first switching circuit is configured to turn off a current output by the power source when the first off signal is received.

上述方案中，所述电路还包括第二开关电路和第二保护监测电路；其中，In the above solution, the circuit further includes a second switch circuit and a second protection monitoring circuit; wherein

所述第二保护监测电路，用于获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第二电压差，当所述第二电压差超出第二预设保护电压差阈值时，向所述第二开关电路输入第二关断信号；The second protection monitoring circuit is configured to acquire a second power of the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit a voltage difference, when the second voltage difference exceeds a second preset protection voltage difference threshold, inputting a second turn-off signal to the second switch circuit;

所述第二开关电路，用于接收到所述第二关断信号时，关断所述电源输出的电流。The second switch circuit is configured to turn off the current output by the power source when the second turn-off signal is received.

上述方案中，所述电路还包括：第一上电检测电路；In the above solution, the circuit further includes: a first power-on detection circuit;

所述第一上电检测电路，用于检测电源上电状态，所述电源上电时，向所述第一开关电路输出第一导通信号；The first power-on detecting circuit is configured to detect a power-on state, and when the power is powered on, output a first turn-on signal to the first switch circuit;

所述第一开关电路，还用于根据所述第一导通信号导通所述电源的输出电流。The first switch circuit is further configured to turn on an output current of the power source according to the first turn-on signal.

上述方案中，所述电路还包括：第二上电检测电路；In the above solution, the circuit further includes: a second power-on detection circuit;

所述第二上电检测电路，用于检测电源上电状态，电源上电时，向所述第二开关电路输出第二导通信号；The second power-on detection circuit is configured to detect a power-on state of the power source, and output a second conduction signal to the second switch circuit when the power source is powered on;

所述第二开关电路，还用于根据所述第二导通信号导通所述电源的输出电流。The second switch circuit is further configured to turn on an output current of the power source according to the second turn-on signal.

上述方案中，所述线路保护电路有两个，且同向或反向并联设置。In the above solution, the line protection circuit has two, and is arranged in parallel in the same direction or in the opposite direction.

上述方案中，采用单向导通的通路替换所述两个线路保护电路中的一个。In the above solution, one of the two line protection circuits is replaced with a one-way path.

上述方案中，所述自恢复保护电路设置于被保护电路的发热部位。In the above solution, the self-recovery protection circuit is disposed at a heat generating portion of the protected circuit.

上述方案中，所述第一保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件，并将所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降确定为第一预设保护电压差阈值。In the above solution, the first protection monitoring circuit includes: one or more PN junction semiconductor components disposed in parallel with the self-recovery protection circuit, and determining a turn-on voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component as The first preset protection voltage difference threshold.

上述方案中，所述第一保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件，并将所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降确定为第二预设保护电压差阈值。In the above solution, the first protection monitoring circuit includes: one or more PN junction semiconductor components disposed in parallel with the self-recovery protection circuit, and determining a turn-on voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component as The second preset protection voltage difference threshold.

本申请实施例还提供了一种线路保护方法，所述方法包括： The embodiment of the present application further provides a line protection method, where the method includes:

获取阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差；Obtaining a first voltage difference across the self-recovery protection circuit whose impedance changes with temperature;

当所述第一电压差超出预设第一保护电压差阈值时，发送第一关断信号，关断所述电源输出的电流。When the first voltage difference exceeds a preset first protection voltage difference threshold, the first off signal is sent, and the current output by the power source is turned off.

上述方案中，所述方法还包括：In the above solution, the method further includes:

获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第二电压差；Obtaining a second voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit;

当所述第二电压差超出预设第二保护电压差阈值时，发送第二关断信号，关断所述电源输出的电流。When the second voltage difference exceeds the preset second protection voltage difference threshold, the second off signal is sent to turn off the current output by the power source.

本申请实施例还提供了一种线路保护电路，所述电路包括：The embodiment of the present application further provides a line protection circuit, where the circuit includes:

自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路；Self-recovery protection circuit whose own impedance changes with temperature;

获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差，并在所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时向第一开关电路输出第一关断信号的第一保护监测电路；Obtaining a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and outputting a first protection monitoring circuit to the first switch circuit when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold;

接收到所述第一关断信号时，关断电源输出电流的所述第一开关电路；Receiving, when the first off signal is received, turning off the first switching circuit of the power supply output current;

所述第一开关电路的一端连接所述自恢复保护电路的一端，所述第一保护监测电路的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路的两端连接，所述第一保护监测电路的控制输出端与所述第一开关电路的第一开关控制端连接。One end of the first switch circuit is connected to one end of the self-recovery protection circuit, and two detection ends of the first protection monitoring circuit are respectively connected to two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and the first protection monitoring circuit The control output is coupled to the first switch control terminal of the first switching circuit.

上述方案中，所述电路还包括：In the above solution, the circuit further includes:

获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第二电压差，并在所述第二电压差超出第二预设保护电压差阈值时向第二开关电路输入第二关断信号的第二保护监测电路；Obtaining a second voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and inputting a second protection signal to the second switch circuit when the second voltage difference exceeds a second preset protection voltage difference threshold;

接收到所述第二关断信号时，关断所述电源输出的电流的第二开关电路；Receiving the second turn-off signal, turning off a second switch circuit of the current output by the power source;

所述第二开关电路的一端连接所述自恢复保护电路的一端，所述第二保护监测电路的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路的两端连接，所述第二保护监测电路的控制输出端与所述第二开关电路的第一开关控制端连接。One end of the second switch circuit is connected to one end of the self-recovery protection circuit, and two detection ends of the second protection monitoring circuit are respectively connected to two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, The control output of the second protection monitoring circuit is coupled to the first switch control terminal of the second switching circuit.

检测电源上电状态，在所述电源上电时向所述第一开关电路输出第一导通信号指示第一开关电路导通所述电源的输出电流的第一上电检测电路；Detecting a power-on state, and outputting, by the first switch circuit, a first power-on signal indicating that the first switch circuit turns on an output current of the power source when the power source is powered on;

所述第一上电检测电路的上电检测端与电源输出端连接，所述第一上电检测电路的导通控制端与所述第一开关电路的第二开关控制端连接。The power-on detection end of the first power-on detection circuit is connected to the power output end, and the conduction control end of the first power-on detection circuit is connected to the second switch control end of the first switch circuit.

检测电源上电状态，在所述电源上电时向所述第二开关电路输出第二导通信号指示第二开关电路导通所述电源的输出电流的第二上电检测电路；Detecting a power-on state, and outputting, by the second switch circuit, a second turn-on signal indicating that the second switch circuit turns on an output current of the power source when the power is turned on;

所述第二上电检测电路的上电检测端与电源输出端连接，所述第二上电检测电路的导通控制端与所述第二开关电路的第二开关控制端连接。The power-on detection end of the second power-on detection circuit is connected to the power output end, and the conduction control end of the second power-on detection circuit is connected to the second switch control end of the second switch circuit.

上述方案中，所述第一保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件；In the above solution, the first protection monitoring circuit includes: one or more PN junction semiconductor components disposed in parallel with the self-recovery protection circuit;

所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降为第一预设保护电压差阈值。The turn-on voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component is a first predetermined protection voltage difference threshold.

上述方案中，所述第一开关电路包括：第一场效应(MOS)管、第一三极管、第一电阻，其中，所述第一MOS管的栅极与第一三极管的集电极连接作为第二控制端，第一三极管的基极与第一电阻的一端连接作为所述第一开关电路的第一开关控制端，第一三极管的发射极与第一电阻的另一端连接并接地。In the above solution, the first switching circuit includes: a first field effect (MOS) transistor, a first triode, and a first resistor, wherein the gate of the first MOS transistor and the first triode are set The electrode is connected as a second control end, and a base of the first transistor is connected to one end of the first resistor as a first switch control end of the first switch circuit, and an emitter of the first transistor and a first resistor Another The terminals are connected and grounded.

上述方案中，所述第一MOS管为P沟道场效应管，所述第一MOS管栅极还设有非门；所述第一三极管为NPN三极管。In the above solution, the first MOS transistor is a P-channel field effect transistor, and the first MOS transistor gate is further provided with a non-gate; the first triode is an NPN triode.

上述方案中，所述第一上电检测电路包括：第二电阻，所述第二电阻一端和第一MOS管源极连接，另一端与第一MOS管栅极连接。In the above solution, the first power-on detection circuit includes: a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and the other end is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor.

上述方案中，所述第二保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件；In the above solution, the second protection monitoring circuit includes: one or more PN junction semiconductor components disposed in parallel with the self-recovery protection circuit;

所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降确定为第二预设保护电压差阈值。The turn-on voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component is determined as a second predetermined protection voltage difference threshold.

上述方案中，所述第二开关电路包括：第二MOS管、第二三极管、第三电阻，其中，第二MOS管源极作为所述第二开关电路的输入端，第二MOS管栅极与第二三极管的集电极连接作为第二控制端，第二三极管的基极与第三电阻的一端连接作为所述第二开关电路的第一开关控制端，第二三极管的发射极与第三电阻的另一端连接并接地，所述第二MOS管的漏极为所述第一开关电路的输出端。In the above solution, the second switch circuit includes: a second MOS transistor, a second transistor, and a third resistor, wherein the second MOS transistor source serves as an input end of the second switch circuit, and the second MOS transistor The collector of the gate and the second transistor is connected as a second control terminal, and the base of the second transistor is connected to one end of the third resistor as a first switch control end of the second switch circuit, and the second The emitter of the pole tube is connected to the other end of the third resistor and grounded, and the drain of the second MOS transistor is the output end of the first switching circuit.

上述方案中，所述第二MOS管为P沟道场效应管，所述第二MOS管栅极还设有非门；所述第二三极管为NPN三极管。In the above solution, the second MOS transistor is a P-channel field effect transistor, the second MOS transistor gate is further provided with a NOT gate, and the second triode is an NPN transistor.

上述方案中，所述第二上电检测电路包括：第四电阻，所述第四电阻一端和第二MOS管源极连接，另一端与第二MOS管栅极连接。In the above solution, the second power-on detection circuit includes: a fourth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the source of the second MOS transistor, and the other end is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor.

本申请实施例还提供了一种供电线缆，通过接插件与供电或受电设备连接；所述供电线缆包括上述方案中任一项所述的线路保护电路。The embodiment of the present application further provides a power supply cable connected to a power supply or power receiving device through a connector; the power supply cable includes the line protection circuit according to any one of the foregoing solutions.

上述方案中，所述线路保护电路设置于所述供电线缆与所述接插件的连接位置。In the above solution, the line protection circuit is disposed at a connection position of the power supply cable and the connector.

上述方案中，所述线路保护电路分别设置于供电线缆两端与所述接插件的连接位置。In the above solution, the line protection circuit is respectively disposed at a connection position between the two ends of the power supply cable and the connector.

本申请实施例所提供的线路保护电路、方法及供电线缆，在线路中设置自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路；所述第一保护监测电路获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差，当所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时，向所述第一开关电路输出第一关断信号；所述第一开关电路在接收到所述第一关断信号时，关断电源输出的电流。如此，在发生安全隐患时切断电源，并能避免发生循环往复切断电源的情况，提高供电安全性。The line protection circuit, method and power supply cable provided by the embodiments of the present application are set in the line a self-recovery protection circuit that changes its own impedance as a function of temperature; the first protection monitoring circuit acquires a first voltage difference across the self-recovery protection circuit, when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference And a first off signal is output to the first switching circuit; the first switching circuit turns off the current output by the power supply when receiving the first off signal. In this way, the power supply is cut off when a safety hazard occurs, and the situation that the power supply is cut off and reciprocated can be avoided, and the power supply safety is improved.

附图说明DRAWINGS

图1为本申请实施例线路保护电路的组成结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a line protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

图2为本申请实施例双向电流线路保护电路的组成结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional current line protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

图3为本申请实施例共用自恢复保护电路的双向电流线路保护电路的组成结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional current line protection circuit of a shared self-recovery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

图4为本申请实施例简化的双向电流线路保护电路的组成结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of a simplified bidirectional current line protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

图5为本申请实施例线路保护电路和接触电阻检测结合方案的组成结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit protection circuit and a contact resistance detection combination scheme according to an embodiment of the present application;

图6为本申请实施例线路保护电路示例线路示意图；6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an example of a line protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

图7为本申请实施例线路保护方法的流程示意图；7 is a schematic flowchart of a line protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;

图8为本申请实施例供电线缆中线路保护电路设置位置示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of a position of a line protection circuit in a power supply cable according to an embodiment of the present application;

图9为本申请实施例供电线缆中两端连接器线路保护电路设置示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of setting a line protection circuit of a connector at both ends of a power supply cable according to an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式detailed description

本申请实施例中，在线路中设置自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路；所述第一保护监测电路获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差，当所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时，向所述第一开关电路输出第一关断信号；所述第一开关电路在接收到所述第一关断信号时，关断电源输出的电流。 In the embodiment of the present application, a self-recovery protection circuit whose own impedance changes with temperature changes is set in the line; the first protection monitoring circuit acquires a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, when the first voltage is When the difference exceeds the first preset protection voltage difference threshold, outputting a first turn-off signal to the first switch circuit; the first switch circuit turns off the current output by the power source when receiving the first turn-off signal .

下面结合实施例对本申请再作进一步详细的说明。The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

本申请实施例提供的线路保护电路，如图1所示，所述线路保护电路包括：第一保护监测电路12、第一开关电路13和自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路11；The circuit protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, the circuit protection circuit includes: a first protection monitoring circuit 12, a first switching circuit 13 and a self-recovery protection circuit 11 whose own impedance changes with temperature;

这里，以充电电源给终端充电时采用的电源线缆，如USB线缆，为例阐述本申请实施例；所述线路保护电路可以设置在所述电源线缆的电源线中，如设置在USB线缆的5V电源线中；所述自恢复保护电路11自身阻抗随温度变化而变化，可以是自身阻抗随温度升高而升高，也可以是当温度达到预设温度时断开，呈现高阻抗状态，并在温度恢复正常温度时恢复低阻抗状态；Here, the power cable used in charging the terminal to charge the terminal, such as a USB cable, is used as an example to illustrate the embodiment of the present application; the line protection circuit may be disposed in the power cable of the power cable, such as USB. In the 5V power line of the cable; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 itself changes in impedance with temperature, and may be an increase in its own impedance as the temperature rises, or may be disconnected when the temperature reaches a preset temperature, which is high. Impedance state and return to a low impedance state when the temperature returns to normal temperature;

自恢复保护电路11可以设置在电源线两端靠近连接器，如USB连接器的引脚处，也就是靠近终端充电接口的电源引脚处。当温度正常工作范围内，所述自恢复保护电路11呈现极低阻抗，以便当电流通过，并且不会引起太大的压降；当连接器处因异物进入或连接器内部因插拔造成物理损坏引起的电源通路和其他电气通路的发生微短路现象，充电电源给终端供电时因微短路产生发热；或者，连接器的插座与插头因长期插拔，造成金手指表面金属氧化，产生较大的接触阻抗，从而使得连接器因接触阻抗产生发热；所述自恢复保护电路11因连接器内温度升高，引起阻抗升高；如连接器温度因断电或故障排除回到安全温度范围，自恢复保护电路回到正常工作状态阻抗；所述自恢复保护电路11设置在靠近连接器电源引脚的金手指处，以便更快感应到连接器在电流通过后温度的变化。The self-recovery protection circuit 11 can be disposed at both ends of the power supply line near the connector, such as the pin of the USB connector, that is, near the power supply pin of the terminal charging interface. When the temperature is within the normal operating range, the self-recovery protection circuit 11 exhibits a very low impedance so that when the current passes, and does not cause too much voltage drop; when the connector enters due to foreign matter or the inside of the connector is plugged and pulled. The micro-short circuit occurs in the power supply path and other electrical paths caused by damage. When the charging power supply supplies power to the terminal, it generates heat due to micro-short circuit; or the socket and plug of the connector are plugged and unplugged for a long time, causing metal oxidation on the surface of the gold finger, resulting in a larger Contact impedance, such that the connector generates heat due to contact resistance; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 causes an increase in impedance due to an increase in temperature inside the connector; if the connector temperature is removed to a safe temperature range due to power failure or fault, The self-recovery protection circuit returns to the normal operating state impedance; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 is placed at the gold finger near the connector power supply pin to more quickly sense the change in temperature of the connector after the current has passed.

所述自恢复保护电路11可以采用正温度系数(PTC，Positive Temperature Coefficient)热敏电阻或断路器(Breaker)等温度保护器件。如图1所示，第一流向电流经第一开关电路13和自恢复保护电路11后，通过连接器的电源引脚给终端进行供电。所述第一开关电路13输入端连接第一流向电流所属电源输出端，第一开关电路13输出端连接所述自恢复保护电路11输入端，所述第一保护监测电路12的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路11的输入端和输出端连接，所述第一保护监测电路12的控制输出端与所述第一开关电路13的第一开关控制端连接，所述自恢复保护电路11输出端连接连接器的电源引脚输出电流；也可以由所述自恢复保护电路11连接电源输出端，所述第一保护监测电路12的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路的输入端和输出端连接，所述第一开关电路13的输入端连接自恢复保护电11的输出端，所述第一保护监测电路12的控制输出端与所述第一开关电路13的第一开关控制端连接，所述第一开关电路13输出端连接连接器的电源引脚输出电流；The self-recovery protection circuit 11 may employ a temperature protection device such as a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) or a circuit breaker (Breaker). As shown in FIG. 1, after the first current flowing through the first switching circuit 13 and the self-recovery protection circuit 11, power is supplied to the terminal through the power supply pin of the connector. The first switch circuit 13 is connected at the input end The output end of the first switching circuit 13 is connected to the input end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the two detecting ends of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 and the self-recovery protection circuit 11 are respectively The input end is connected to the output end, and the control output end of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is connected to the first switch control end of the first switch circuit 13. The output end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 is connected to the power supply of the connector. The output current of the foot is connected to the power output terminal, and the two detection ends of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the self-recovery protection circuit, The input end of the first switch circuit 13 is connected to the output end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the control output end of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is connected to the first switch control end of the first switch circuit 13, the first The output terminal of the switch circuit 13 is connected to the power supply pin output current of the connector;

通常，充电电源连接外接电源，例如市电等，充电电源输出充电电流。此时电源线上的供电会经历一个上电过程，表现出来的现象是充电电源从零到固定电压值的上升过程，例如从0V到5V的变化。充电电流通过第一开关电路13、自恢复保护电路11和连接器的电源引脚，就可以让电源输出到终端。Usually, the charging power source is connected to an external power source, such as a commercial power source, and the charging power source outputs a charging current. At this point, the power supply on the power line will undergo a power-on process, which is manifested by the rise of the charging power source from zero to a fixed voltage value, such as a change from 0V to 5V. The charging current is passed through the first switching circuit 13, the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the power supply pin of the connector, so that the power supply can be output to the terminal.

在整个供电过程中，自恢复保护电路11中的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件随连接器内部的温度变化进行性能变化；一旦因为微短路或接触电阻引起的连接器内部温度上升到某个阈值，PTC电阻或Breaker温度保护器件启动保护功能，表现出来的现象之一就是通过的电流能力降低和阻抗增大。During the entire power supply process, the temperature protection device such as the PTC thermistor or Breaker in the self-recovery protection circuit 11 changes in performance with the temperature change inside the connector; once the internal temperature of the connector rises due to a micro short circuit or contact resistance One threshold, PTC resistor or Breaker temperature protection device initiates protection, one of the phenomena manifested by the reduced current capability and increased impedance.

所述第一保护监测电路12，用于获取所述自恢复保护电路两端在第一流向电流时的第一电压差，当所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时向所述第一开关电路13输出第一关断信号；The first protection monitoring circuit 12 is configured to acquire a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit at a first current flowing current, and when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold The first switch circuit 13 outputs a first turn-off signal;

第一保护监测电路12用于监测自恢复保护电路11是否已经启动保护，即自恢复保护电路11两端的电压差是否超出第一预设保护电压差阈值，当第一保护监测电路12检测到自恢复保护电路11已开始保护时，说明连接器内电源引脚处已发热；此时，第一保护监测电路12发送第一关断信号，控制第一开关电路13断开电源通路，使得无电流通过连接器。The first protection monitoring circuit 12 is configured to monitor whether the self-recovery protection circuit 11 has started protection, that is, whether the voltage difference between the self-recovery protection circuit 11 exceeds the first preset protection voltage difference threshold. When the first protection monitoring circuit 12 detects that the self-recovery protection circuit 11 has started protection, it indicates that the power supply pin in the connector has been heated; at this time, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 sends a first shutdown signal to control the first switch circuit. 13 Disconnect the power path so that no current flows through the connector.

第一保护监测电路12可以包括一个或多个单向导通的PN结半导体元器件，如二极管，二极管方向与第一流向电流方向一致，与自恢复保护电路11并联，当自恢复保护电路11的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件正常工作时，导通电阻非常小，引起的压降也非常小，第一保护监测电路12中的二极管不导通，二极管两端的压降为保护单元的压降；当自恢复保护电路11的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件保护开启，阻抗随温度变化到某个阈值范围内，该压降大于或等于二极管的导通压降，使得二极管导通；可以根据需求，设置PN结半导体元器件正向导通压降，即二极管的导通压降即为温度保护的第一预设保护电压差阈值。The first protection monitoring circuit 12 may include one or more unidirectional PN junction semiconductor components, such as diodes, with the diode direction consistent with the first current direction, in parallel with the self-recovery protection circuit 11, when the self-recovery protection circuit 11 When the temperature protection device such as PTC thermistor or Breaker works normally, the on-resistance is very small, and the voltage drop caused is also very small. The diode in the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is not turned on, and the voltage drop across the diode is the protection unit. Voltage drop; when the temperature protection device such as the PTC thermistor or Breaker of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 is turned on, the impedance changes with temperature to a certain threshold range, and the voltage drop is greater than or equal to the conduction voltage drop of the diode, so that the diode is led According to the demand, the forward voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component can be set, that is, the conduction voltage drop of the diode is the first preset protection voltage difference threshold of the temperature protection.

同时，第一保护监测电路12根据所述第一预设保护电压差阈值发送第一关断信号，第一关断信号输出到第一开关电路13关闭电源通路；电源通路关闭后，自恢复保护电路11及连接器均无电流通过，微短路或接触电阻的故障不会继续引起发热。At the same time, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 sends a first shutdown signal according to the first preset protection voltage difference threshold, and the first shutdown signal is output to the first switch circuit 13 to turn off the power supply path; after the power supply path is closed, the self-recovery protection No current flows through the circuit 11 and the connector, and the micro short circuit or the failure of the contact resistance does not continue to cause heat.

所述第一预设保护电压差阈值的设置可以根据电路的保护温度设置；如期望保护的温度为50摄氏度，则可以预先确定在50摄氏度时，所述自恢复保护电路11的阻值，根据电路中的第一流向电流与50摄氏度时自恢复保护电路11的阻值之积作为所述第一预设保护电压差阈值，当温度大于50摄氏度时，所述自恢复保护电路11两端电压差会大于所述第一预设保护电压差阈值，此时，可以向所述第一开关电路13输出第一关断信号。The setting of the first preset protection voltage difference threshold may be set according to the protection temperature of the circuit; if the temperature to be protected is 50 degrees Celsius, the resistance of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 may be predetermined according to 50 degrees Celsius, according to The product of the first current flowing current in the circuit and the resistance of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 at 50 degrees Celsius is used as the first preset protection voltage difference threshold. When the temperature is greater than 50 degrees Celsius, the voltage across the self-recovery protection circuit 11 The difference may be greater than the first preset protection voltage difference threshold. At this time, the first off signal may be output to the first switch circuit 13.

实际应用中，所述第一保护监测电路12可以由是由分立元件组成的门限电压触发电路，也可以采用单片机等控制电路实现所述第一保护监测电路12的功能. In a practical application, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 may be a threshold voltage trigger circuit composed of discrete components, or may be implemented by a control circuit such as a single chip to implement the function of the first protection monitoring circuit 12.

所述第一开关电路13，用于导通或关断第一流向电流，接收到所述第一关断信号时关断所述第一流向电流；The first switch circuit 13 is configured to turn on or off the first flow direction current, and turn off the first flow direction current when receiving the first turn off signal;

所述第一开关电路13用于控制充电电源线路的导通和断开，正常工作状态时，第一开关电路13导通；当所述自恢复保护电路11启动了保护功能时，第一开关电路13断开电源通路，如此，就可以在供电过程避免了自恢复保护电路的循环往复“发热-保护-发热”过程；所述第一开关电路13可以具有一个或多个控制脚，外部电路第一上电检测电路14或第一保护监测电路12等可以通过控制脚来控制所述第一开关电路13的导通或关断。The first switch circuit 13 is configured to control the on and off of the charging power line, and the first switch circuit 13 is turned on during the normal working state; when the self-recovery protection circuit 11 starts the protection function, the first switch The circuit 13 disconnects the power supply path, so that the cyclic "regeneration-protection-heating" process of the self-recovery protection circuit can be avoided during the power supply process; the first switching circuit 13 can have one or more control pins, external circuits The first power-on detecting circuit 14 or the first protection monitoring circuit 12 or the like can control the turning-on or turning-off of the first switching circuit 13 through a control pin.

实际应用中，所述第一开关电路13可以是由场效应晶体管集成电路和三极管等分立元件组合成的开关电路，也可以采用专用的开关集成电路等。In practical applications, the first switch circuit 13 may be a switch circuit composed of discrete components such as a field effect transistor integrated circuit and a triode, or a dedicated switch integrated circuit or the like may be used.

如此，第一保护监测电路12始终保持发送第一关断信号，使所述第一开关电路13始终处于关断状态，直到用户断开充电电源使整个电路复位；通过第一保护监测电路12控制第一开关电路13，可以较有效导通和断开充电电源通路，防止在没有断开充电电源的情况下，由于第一开关电路13切断第一流向电流使自恢复保护电路11降温，而恢复导通第一流向电流使自恢复保护电路11重新升温，从而引起“发热-保护-发热”的循环往复过程；进而可以通过切断第一流向电流通知用户充电线路中出现故障，用户排查故障后能正常供电。As such, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 always keeps transmitting the first shutdown signal, so that the first switching circuit 13 is always in the off state until the user turns off the charging power to reset the entire circuit; controlled by the first protection monitoring circuit 12 The first switch circuit 13 can effectively turn on and off the charging power supply path to prevent the first switching circuit 13 from cutting off the first flow current to cool the self-recovery protection circuit 11 without disconnecting the charging power source. Turning on the first flow direction current causes the self-recovery protection circuit 11 to reheat, thereby causing a "heat-protection-heating" cycle reciprocating process; and further, by cutting off the first flow direction current, notifying the user that a fault occurs in the charging line, and the user can check the fault Normal power supply.

进一步的，所述线路保护电路包括还包括：第一上电检测电路14；所述第一上电检测电路14用于在第一流向电流所属电源上电时，向所述第一开关电路13输出第一导通信号；所述第一开关电路13，用于根据所述第一导通信号导通所述第一流向电流；所述第一上电检测电路14的上电检测端与第一流向电流所属电源输出端连接，所述第一上电检测电路14的导通控制端与所述第一开关电路13的第二开关控制端连接。Further, the line protection circuit further includes: a first power-on detection circuit 14; the first power-on detection circuit 14 is configured to: when the first flow direction current belongs to the power source, to the first switch circuit 13 a first turn-on signal is output; the first switch circuit 13 is configured to turn on the first flow direction current according to the first turn-on signal; and the power-on detection end of the first power-on detection circuit 14 The first-stage power supply output terminal is connected to the current, and the conduction control terminal of the first power-on detection circuit 14 is connected to the second switch control terminal of the first switch circuit 13.

实际应用中，电源线上的供电会经历一个上电过程，表现出来的现象是充电电源从零到固定电压值的上升过程，例如从0V到5V的变化，所述第一上电检测电路14可以利用电源上电时的上升沿作为触发信号，产生第一导通信号，所述第一开关电路13路根据所述第一导通信号导通所述第一流向电流。In practical applications, the power supply on the power line will experience a power-on process, showing the phenomenon Is a rising process of the charging power source from zero to a fixed voltage value, for example, a change from 0V to 5V, and the first power-on detecting circuit 14 can use the rising edge of the power-on power as a trigger signal to generate a first conduction signal, The first switching circuit 13 turns on the first current flowing according to the first conduction signal.

在一些使用场景中，如USB type C的电源线，所述电源线的两端连接器是完全一样的，充电电源和终端相对电源线来说位置可以互换，因此，电流在电源线上流动的方向可能会相反，相对于原来的第一流向电流会有一个流向相反的第二流向电流；例如USB type C的电源线有两个完全相同的连接器1和连接器2，当连接器1连接到充电器时，电流的方向为从连接器1到连接器2，可以称为第一流向电流，当连接器2连接到充电器时，电流的方向为从连接器2到接口1，可以称为第二流向电流；这时，可以在两个相反电流会流经的线路上同向或反向并联设置两组相同的线路保护电路，分别用于保护第一流向电流和第二流向电流，反向并联设置的方法如如图2所示，保护电路设置的方向与电流对应；正向的线路保护电路用于保护电流正向流动时的电路，电流反向流动时截止；反向的线路保护电路用于保护电流反向流动时的电路，电流正向流动时截止。In some usage scenarios, such as the USB type C power cord, the connectors at both ends of the power cord are identical, and the charging power source and the terminal are interchangeable with respect to the power cord, so that current flows on the power cord. The direction may be reversed. There will be a second flow current opposite to the original first current flow; for example, the USB type C power cord has two identical connectors 1 and 2, when the connector 1 When connected to the charger, the direction of the current is from the connector 1 to the connector 2, which may be referred to as the first flow direction current. When the connector 2 is connected to the charger, the direction of the current is from the connector 2 to the interface 1, which may It is called the second flow current; at this time, two sets of the same line protection circuit can be arranged in the same direction or in reverse parallel on the line through which two opposite currents flow, for respectively protecting the first flow current and the second flow current. The method of anti-parallel setting is as shown in FIG. 2, the direction of the protection circuit is set to correspond to the current; the forward line protection circuit is used to protect the circuit when the current is flowing forward, and the current is reversed when the current flows. ; Reverse line protection circuit for the reverse flow of current when the circuit protection, current flows forward off.

进一步的，对于同一电源线上两种流向的电流，可以采用共用自恢复保护电路11的线路保护电路；如图3所示，所述线路保护电路还包括：第二保护监测电路15、第二开关电路16和第二上电检测电路17。所述第二开关电路16输入端连接第二流向电流所属电源输出端，第二开关电路16输出端连接所述自恢复保护电路11输入端，所述第二保护监测电路15的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路11的输入端和输出端连接，所述第二保护监测电路15的控制输出端与所述第二开关电路16的第一开关控制端连接；在采用PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件的自恢复保护电路11对于连接器内部的发热感应，无论是正向的第一流向电流还是反向的第二流向电流都会随连接器内部温度变化而变化，所以第一流向电流和第二流向电流可以共用同一个自恢复保护电路11。Further, for the current flowing in the two power lines on the same power line, a line protection circuit sharing the self-recovery protection circuit 11 may be used; as shown in FIG. 3, the line protection circuit further includes: a second protection monitoring circuit 15 and a second The switch circuit 16 and the second power-on detection circuit 17. The input end of the second switch circuit 16 is connected to the power output end of the second flow direction current, the output end of the second switch circuit 16 is connected to the input end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the two detection ends of the second protection monitoring circuit 15 Connected to the input end and the output end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, respectively, the control output end of the second protection monitoring circuit 15 is connected to the first switch control end of the second switch circuit 16; The self-recovery protection circuit 11 of the temperature protection device such as a resistor or a Breaker senses the heat generation inside the connector, whether it is the forward first current or the reverse direction. The second flow direction current varies with the internal temperature of the connector, so the first flow direction current and the second flow direction current can share the same self-recovery protection circuit 11.

当电流为第一流向电流时，由自恢复保护电路11，第一开关电路13，第一上电检测电路14和第一保护监测电路12对连接器进行保护；当电流为第二流向电流时，由自恢复保护电路11，第二开关电路16，第二上电检测电路17和第二保护监测电路15对连接器进行保护。所述第二保护监测电路15获取所述自恢复保护电路11两端在第二流向电流下的第二电压差，当所述第二电压差超出第二预设保护电压差阈值时向所述第二开关电路16输入第二关断信号；其中，第一预设保护电压差阈值和第二预设保护电压差阈值可以相同；所述第二开关电路16，接收到所述第二关断信号时关断所述第二流向电流；所述第二保护监测电路15输出的第二关断信号使第二开端电路16一直保持关断，直到用户关断充电电源，使整个电路复原，重新上电后才能再次导通；所述第二上电检测电路17，在第二流向电流所属电源上电时，向所述第二开关电路16输出第二导通信号；所述第二开关电路16，根据所述第二导通信号导通所述第二流向电流；所述第二上电检测电路17的上电检测端与第二流向电流所属电源输出端连接，所述第二上电检测电路17的导通控制端与所述第二开关电路16的第二开关控制端连接。When the current is the first flow direction current, the connector is protected by the self-recovery protection circuit 11, the first switch circuit 13, the first power-on detection circuit 14, and the first protection monitoring circuit 12; when the current is the second current flow The connector is protected by the self-recovery protection circuit 11, the second switching circuit 16, the second power-on detection circuit 17, and the second protection monitoring circuit 15. The second protection monitoring circuit 15 acquires a second voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 at a second current, and when the second voltage difference exceeds a second preset protection voltage difference threshold, The second switch circuit 16 inputs a second turn-off signal; wherein the first preset protection voltage difference threshold and the second preset protection voltage difference threshold may be the same; the second switch circuit 16 receives the second turn-off Turning off the second flow direction current when the signal is turned off; the second turn-off signal outputted by the second protection monitoring circuit 15 keeps the second start circuit 16 off until the user turns off the charging power source, so that the entire circuit is restored, After the power is turned on, the second power-on detecting circuit 17 outputs a second turn-on signal to the second switch circuit 16 when the second current flowing to the power source is powered on; the second switch circuit 16. The second flow direction is turned on according to the second conduction signal; the power-on detection end of the second power-on detection circuit 17 is connected to the power output end of the second flow direction current, and the second power-on Conduction control of detection circuit 17 The terminal is connected to the second switch control end of the second switch circuit 16.

如图4所示，实际应用中，在线路在第二流向时，通常可以由连接器连接的输出电源端进行输出电流保护，因此，可以取消了第二流向电流方向的自恢复保护功能，用第二流向电流通路电路替代。第二流向电流通路电路是为了保证电源通路的单向性，同时，可以保证线缆的用户体验。例如当该线缆是TYPE-C的充电线缆，输入输出端子结构一样，连接的设备角色均可以按需要重新定义。第二流向电流通路电路可以是一个单向导通的通路，如由MOS管等组成的单向开关电路等。As shown in FIG. 4, in the actual application, when the line is in the second flow direction, the output power supply end connected by the connector can generally perform output current protection. Therefore, the self-recovery protection function of the second current direction can be cancelled. The second flow is replaced by a current path circuit. The second flow current path circuit is to ensure the unidirectionality of the power supply path and at the same time ensure the user experience of the cable. For example, when the cable is a TYPE-C charging cable, the input and output terminals have the same structure, and the connected device roles can be redefined as needed. The second flow direction current path circuit may be a one-way path, such as a unidirectional switch circuit composed of a MOS tube or the like.

实际应用中，可以提供指示信息用于标识工作中的线缆工作状态。例如用绿色发光二极管(LED，Light-Emitting Diode)表示线缆正常状态充电工作；用红色LED表示连接器头因微短路或接触阻抗变大，使得连接器内部发热，停止供电。可以使用第一关断信号来控制绿色LED和红色LED；第一关断信号有效时点亮红色LED，第一关断信号无效时点亮绿色LED。In practical applications, indication information may be provided for identifying the working state of the cable in operation. example For example, a light-emitting diode (LED) is used to indicate that the cable is in a normal state of charging; a red LED is used to indicate that the connector head is slightly short-circuited or the contact resistance is increased, so that the connector is internally heated and the power supply is stopped. The first off signal can be used to control the green LED and the red LED; when the first off signal is active, the red LED is illuminated, and when the first off signal is inactive, the green LED is illuminated.

如图5所示，充电线缆和终端通过USB连接器连接在一起。在该方案中，可以在充电线缆和终端两部分分别设置检测电路用于检测USB连接器电源引脚两端的电压，根据检测的电压值可以计算连接器电源引脚的电压差，结合充电电流，可以计算出USB连接器中电源引脚的接触阻抗变化。依据阻抗变化适合调整充电电流，并将该信息传递给终端提醒用户充电线缆与终端连接存在异常。As shown in FIG. 5, the charging cable and the terminal are connected together through a USB connector. In this solution, a detection circuit can be respectively disposed in the charging cable and the terminal for detecting the voltage across the power connector of the USB connector, and the voltage difference of the connector power pin can be calculated according to the detected voltage value, combined with the charging current. , can calculate the contact impedance change of the power pin in the USB connector. It is suitable to adjust the charging current according to the impedance change, and the information is transmitted to the terminal to remind the user that there is an abnormality in the connection between the charging cable and the terminal.

当终端的检测电路检测到终端一端USB连接器电源引脚的电压接近或者等于参考电平或0电平，表明USB连接器中电源引脚存在短路故障。当检测到的阻抗大于连接器一般正常连接的预设阻抗阈值，可以依据经验值降低充电电流，保证充电线缆传输给终端的电压符合VBUS的充电规范。When the detection circuit of the terminal detects that the voltage of the power connector of the USB connector at the terminal end is close to or equal to the reference level or the 0 level, it indicates that there is a short circuit fault in the power connector of the USB connector. When the detected impedance is greater than the preset impedance threshold normally connected by the connector, the charging current can be reduced according to the empirical value to ensure that the voltage transmitted by the charging cable to the terminal conforms to the charging specification of VBUS.

本申请实施例提供的线路保护电路可以和连接器电压检测电路结合，并行工作进一步保护线缆。可以用于彻底保护断路前，充电器依据接触阻抗调整输出电流保证充电过程的延续。在TYPE C规范的充电线缆中，该部分工作可以结合e-marker芯片来实现。The line protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can be combined with the connector voltage detection circuit to work in parallel to further protect the cable. It can be used to completely protect the circuit breaker. The charger adjusts the output current according to the contact impedance to ensure the continuation of the charging process. In the TYPE C specification of the charging cable, this part of the work can be implemented in conjunction with the e-marker chip.

下面结合具体示例对本申请产生的积极效果作进一步详细的描述；The positive effects produced by the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples;

如图6所示，本申请实施例提供的一种典型电路图；所述第一开关电路13包括：第一MOS管Q1、第一三极管Q2、第一电阻R1，其中，所述Q1的源极为所述第一开关电路的输入端，Q1的栅极与第一三极管的集电极连接作为第二控制端，Q2的基极与R2的一端连接作为所述第一开关电路13的第一开关控制端，Q2的发射极与R1的另一端连接并接地，所述Q1的漏极为所述第一开关电路13的输出端；Q1为P沟道场效应管，Q1 栅极还设有非门用于实现反向功能；Q2为NPN三极管。所述第一上电检测电路包括：第二电阻R1，R1一端和Q1源极连接，R1另一端与Q1栅极连接作为所述第一开关电路13第二开关控制端，R2与Q2的连接端可以认为是第一上电检测电路14的导通控制端；R1、Q2和M相互配合实现第一上电检测电路14的功能；RT是自恢复保护电路11；D和M构成第一保护监测电路12；其中，M由D触发器等触发电路或单片机等控制电路实现；Q1可以是一个集成的PMOS管，在栅极带有一个反向的功能，当M输出低电平时，Q1导通；当M输出高电平时，Q1截止；其中，所述第一开关电路13的第一开关控制端和第二开关控制端，可以是同一个接口，可以通过优先级别设定来确定第一开关电路13受第一上电检测电路14或第一保护监测电路12的控制，进行电流可开关控制。As shown in FIG. 6 , a typical circuit diagram is provided in the embodiment of the present application; the first switch circuit 13 includes: a first MOS transistor Q1, a first transistor Q2, and a first resistor R1, wherein the Q1 is The source is extremely input to the first switching circuit, the gate of Q1 is connected to the collector of the first transistor as a second control terminal, and the base of Q2 is connected to one end of R2 as the first switching circuit 13 The first switch control terminal, the emitter of Q2 is connected to the other end of R1 and grounded, the drain of Q1 is the output end of the first switch circuit 13; Q1 is a P-channel field effect transistor, Q1 The gate is also provided with a NOT gate for reverse function; Q2 is an NPN transistor. The first power-on detection circuit includes: a second resistor R1, one end of R1 is connected to the source of Q1, and the other end of R1 is connected to the gate of Q1 as a second switch control end of the first switch circuit 13, and the connection between R2 and Q2 The terminal can be regarded as the conduction control terminal of the first power-on detection circuit 14; R1, Q2 and M cooperate with each other to realize the function of the first power-on detection circuit 14; RT is the self-recovery protection circuit 11; D and M constitute the first protection The monitoring circuit 12; wherein, M is implemented by a trigger circuit such as a D flip-flop or a control circuit such as a single chip microcomputer; Q1 can be an integrated PMOS transistor with a reverse function at the gate, and when the M output is low level, Q1 leads When the M output is high, Q1 is turned off; wherein the first switch control end and the second switch control end of the first switch circuit 13 may be the same interface, and the first level may be determined by the priority level setting. The switch circuit 13 is controlled by the first power-on detection circuit 14 or the first protection monitoring circuit 12 to perform current switch control.

VBUS上电时，VBUS通过电阻R1，反向后进入Q1的栅极，Q2在上电时默认不导通状态，此时Q1导通，第一流向电流通过Q1向连接器供电。When VBUS is powered on, VBUS passes through resistor R1 and reverses to enter the gate of Q1. When Q2 is powered on, it is not turned on by default. At this time, Q1 is turned on, and the first current flows through Q1 to supply power to the connector.

当连接器发生故障发热时，RT电阻升高，当RT两端电压随之升高，二极管D的导通压降即为温度保护的阈值，M根据该压降控制第一开关电路13中Q2的基极，打开Q2，从进而关闭Q1切断VBUS向连接器供电；M持续检测VBUS，如果VBUS持续保持，则持续打开Q2，关闭Q1，保持VBUS与连接器处于断开状态。When the connector fails to generate heat, the RT resistance rises, and when the voltage across the RT rises, the conduction voltage drop of the diode D is the threshold of the temperature protection, and M controls the Q2 in the first switching circuit 13 according to the voltage drop. The base is turned on, Q2 is turned on, and then Q1 is turned off to cut off VBUS to supply power to the connector; M continuously detects VBUS, and if VBUS is continuously maintained, Q2 is continuously turned on, Q1 is turned off, and VBUS and the connector are kept disconnected.

只有当用户发现了故障情况，切断VBUS供电，对线路保护电路重置，并再次对VBUS进行上电，所述线路保护电路才能重新打开供电通路。Only when the user finds a fault condition, cuts off the VBUS power supply, resets the line protection circuit, and powers up the VBUS again, the line protection circuit can reopen the power supply path.

针对图3所述的实施方案，采用图6的电路实施过程中，可以共用自恢复保护电路RT，采用与第一保护监测电路12，第一开关电路13和第一上电检测电路14相同的电路实施方式实现第二保护监测电路15，第二开关电路16和第二上电检测电路17；For the embodiment described in FIG. 3, in the implementation of the circuit of FIG. 6, the self-recovery protection circuit RT can be shared, which is the same as the first protection monitoring circuit 12, the first switching circuit 13 and the first power-on detection circuit 14. The circuit embodiment implements a second protection monitoring circuit 15, a second switching circuit 16 and a second power-on detection circuit 17;

所述第二开关电路16可以包括：第二MOS管、第二三极管、第三电阻，其中，第二MOS管源极作为所述第二开关电路的输入端，第二MOS管栅极与第二三极管的集电极连接作为第二控制端，第二三极管的基极与第三电阻的一端连接作为所述第二开关电路16的第一开关控制端，第二三极管的发射极与第三电阻的另一端连接并接地，所述第二MOS管的漏极为所述第一开关电路16的输出端；其中，所述第二MOS管为P沟道场效应管，所述第二MOS管栅极还设有非门；所述第二三极管为NPN三极管；所述第二上电检测电路17可以包括：第四电阻，所述第四电阻一端和第二MOS管源极连接，另一端与第二MOS管栅极连接。采用第二组D和M构成第二保护监测电路12；The second switch circuit 16 may include: a second MOS transistor, a second triode, and a third a resistor, wherein a source of the second MOS transistor is used as an input end of the second switching circuit, and a collector of the second MOS transistor is connected to a collector of the second transistor as a second control terminal, and a base of the second transistor The pole is connected to one end of the third resistor as a first switch control end of the second switch circuit 16, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the other end of the third resistor and grounded, and the drain of the second MOS transistor An output end of the first switching circuit 16; wherein the second MOS transistor is a P-channel field effect transistor, the second MOS transistor gate is further provided with a NOT gate; and the second triode is an NPN The second power-on detecting circuit 17 may include a fourth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the source of the second MOS transistor, and the other end is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor. Using the second group D and M to form a second protection monitoring circuit 12;

如此，线路中为第一流向电流时，由自恢复保护电路11、第一保护监测电路12，第一开关电路13和第一上电检测电路14实施电路保护；线路中为第二流向电流时，由自恢复保护电路11、第二保护监测电路15，第二开关电路16和第二上电检测电路17完成电路保护。Thus, when the first current flows in the line, the circuit is protected by the self-recovery protection circuit 11, the first protection monitoring circuit 12, the first switching circuit 13 and the first power-on detection circuit 14; when the current is the second current in the line The circuit protection is completed by the self-recovery protection circuit 11, the second protection monitoring circuit 15, the second switching circuit 16, and the second power-on detection circuit 17.

本申请实施例提供的线路保护方法，如图7所示，所述方法包括：The line protection method provided by the embodiment of the present application is as shown in FIG. 7, and the method includes:

步骤701：获取阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差；Step 701: Acquire a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit whose impedance changes with temperature;

这里，以充电电源给终端充电时采用的电源线缆，如USB线缆，为例阐述本申请实施例；如图1所述，可以设置一个线路保护电路在所述电源线缆的电源线中，如设置在USB线缆的5V电源线中；可以在线路保护电路设置一个自恢复保护电路11，自恢复保护电路11自身阻抗随温度变化而变化，可以是自身阻抗随温度升高而升高，也可以是当温度达到预设温度时断开，呈现高阻抗状态，并在温度恢复正常温度时恢复通路状态；Here, the power cable used for charging the terminal by the charging power source, such as a USB cable, is taken as an example to illustrate the embodiment of the present application; as shown in FIG. 1 , a line protection circuit may be disposed in the power cable of the power cable. If it is set in the 5V power cable of the USB cable; a self-recovery protection circuit 11 can be set in the line protection circuit, and the impedance of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 changes with temperature, and the impedance of the self-recovery increases with temperature. It may also be disconnected when the temperature reaches the preset temperature, exhibiting a high impedance state, and returning to the state of the channel when the temperature returns to the normal temperature;

自恢复保护电路11可以设置在电源线两端靠近连接器，如USB连接器的引脚处，也就是靠近终端充电接口的电源引脚处。当温度正常工作范围内，所述自恢复保护电路11呈现极低阻抗，以便当电流通过，并且不会引起太大的压降；当连接器处因异物进入或连接器内部因插拔造成物理损坏引起的电源通路和其他电气通路的发生微短路现象，充电电源给终端供电时因微短路产生发热；或者，连接器的插座与插头因长期插拔，造成金手指表面金属氧化，产生较大的接触阻抗，从而使得连接器因接触阻抗产生发热；所述自恢复保护电路11因连接器内温度升高，引起阻抗升高；如连接器温度因断电或故障排除回到安全温度范围，自恢复保护电路11回到正常工作状态阻抗；所述自恢复保护电路设置在靠近连接器电源引脚的金手指处，以便更快感应到连接器在电流通过后温度的变化。The self-recovery protection circuit 11 can be disposed at both ends of the power supply line near the connector, such as the pin of the USB connector, that is, near the power supply pin of the terminal charging interface. When the temperature is within the normal operating range, the self-recovery protection circuit 11 exhibits a very low impedance so that when current passes, and does not Causes too much pressure drop; when the connector enters due to foreign matter or physical damage caused by plugging and unplugging inside the connector, the power supply path and other electrical paths are micro-short-circuit phenomenon, and the charging power supply generates heat due to micro-short circuit when supplying power to the terminal; Or, the socket and the plug of the connector are caused to be oxidized by the metal surface of the gold finger due to long-term insertion and removal, and a large contact impedance is generated, so that the connector generates heat due to the contact impedance; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 rises due to the temperature inside the connector. High, causing an increase in impedance; if the connector temperature is returned to the safe temperature range due to power failure or troubleshooting, the self-recovery protection circuit 11 returns to the normal working state impedance; the self-recovery protection circuit is disposed close to the connector power supply pin At the gold finger, it is faster to sense the change in temperature of the connector after the current has passed.

所述自恢复保护电路11可以采用PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件。如图1所示的电路框图中，当线路中的第一流向电流经自恢复保护电路11后，通过连接器的电源引脚给终端进行供电。所述第一开关电路13输入端连接第一流向电流所属电源输出端，第一开关电路13输出端连接所述自恢复保护电路11输入端，所述第一保护监测电路12的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路11的输入端和输出端连接，所述第一保护监测电路12的控制输出端与所述第一开关电路13的第一开关控制端连接，所述自恢复保护电路11输出端连接连接器的电源引脚；通常，充电电源连接外接电源，例如市电等，充电电源输出充电电流。此时电源线上的供电会经历一个上电过程，表现出来的现象是充电电源从零到固定电压值的上升过程，例如从0V到5V的变化。在整个供电过程中，自恢复保护电路11中的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件随连接器内部的温度变化进行性能变化；一旦因为微短路或接触电阻引起的连接器内部温度上升到某个阈值，PTC电阻或Breaker温度保护器件启动保护功能，表现出来的现象之一就是通过的电流能力降低和阻抗增大。The self-recovery protection circuit 11 can employ a temperature protection device such as a PTC thermistor or a Breaker. In the circuit block diagram shown in FIG. 1, when the first current flowing in the line passes through the self-recovery protection circuit 11, the terminal is powered by the power supply pin of the connector. The input end of the first switch circuit 13 is connected to the power output end of the first flow direction current, and the output end of the first switch circuit 13 is connected to the input end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the two detection ends of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 Connected to the input end and the output end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, respectively, the control output end of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is connected to the first switch control end of the first switch circuit 13, the self-recovery protection The output end of the circuit 11 is connected to the power supply pin of the connector; usually, the charging power source is connected to an external power source, such as a commercial power supply, and the charging power source outputs a charging current. At this point, the power supply on the power line will undergo a power-on process, which is manifested by the rise of the charging power source from zero to a fixed voltage value, such as a change from 0V to 5V. During the entire power supply process, the temperature protection device such as the PTC thermistor or Breaker in the self-recovery protection circuit 11 changes in performance with the temperature change inside the connector; once the internal temperature of the connector rises due to a micro short circuit or contact resistance One threshold, PTC resistor or Breaker temperature protection device initiates protection, one of the phenomena manifested by the reduced current capability and increased impedance.

可以在线路保护电路设置一个针对于第一流向电流的第一保护监测电路12和第一开关电路13，第一保护监测电路12用于获取所述自恢复保护电路11两端在第一流向电流下的第一电压差，当所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时向所述第一开关电路13输出第一关断信号；A first protection monitoring circuit 12 and a first switching circuit 13 for the first current flowing current may be disposed in the line protection circuit, and the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is configured to acquire the self-recovery protection a first voltage difference between the two ends of the circuit 11 at a first current flowing current, and outputting a first turn-off signal to the first switching circuit 13 when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold;

第一保护监测电路12用于监测自恢复保护电路11是否已经启动保护，即自恢复保护电路11两端的电压差是否超出第一预设保护电压差阈值，当第一保护监测电路12检测到自恢复保护电路11已开始保护时，说明连接器内电源引脚处已发热；此时，第一保护监测电路12发送第一关断信号，控制第一开关电路13断开电源通路，使得无电流通过连接器。The first protection monitoring circuit 12 is configured to monitor whether the self-recovery protection circuit 11 has started protection, that is, whether the voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold, when the first protection monitoring circuit 12 detects When the protection circuit 11 has started to protect, it indicates that the power supply pin in the connector has been heated; at this time, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 sends a first shutdown signal to control the first switching circuit 13 to disconnect the power supply path, so that no current is generated. Through the connector.

第一保护监测电路12可以包括一个或多个单向导通的PN结半导体元器件，如二极管，二极管方向与第一流向电流方向一致，与自恢复保护电路11并联，当自恢复保护电路11的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件正常工作时，导通电阻非常小，引起的压降也非常小，第一保护监测电路12中的二极管不导通，二极管两端的压降为保护单元的压降；当自恢复保护电路11的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件保护开启，阻抗随温度变化到某个阈值范围内，该压降大于或等于二极管的导通压降，使得二极管导通；可以根据需求，设置PN结半导体元器件的正向导通压降，即二极管的导通压降即为温度保护的第一预设保护电压差阈值。The first protection monitoring circuit 12 may include one or more unidirectional PN junction semiconductor components, such as diodes, with the diode direction consistent with the first current direction, in parallel with the self-recovery protection circuit 11, when the self-recovery protection circuit 11 When the temperature protection device such as PTC thermistor or Breaker works normally, the on-resistance is very small, and the voltage drop caused is also very small. The diode in the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is not turned on, and the voltage drop across the diode is the protection unit. Voltage drop; when the temperature protection device such as the PTC thermistor or Breaker of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 is turned on, the impedance changes with temperature to a certain threshold range, and the voltage drop is greater than or equal to the conduction voltage drop of the diode, so that the diode is led The forward voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component can be set according to requirements, that is, the conduction voltage drop of the diode is the first preset protection voltage difference threshold of the temperature protection.

所述第一预设保护电压差阈值的设置可以根据电路的保护温度设置；如期望保护的温度为50摄氏度，则可以预先确定在50摄氏度时，所述自恢复保护电路11的阻值，根据电路中的第一流向电流与50摄氏度时自恢复保护电路11的阻值之积作为所述第一预设保护电压差阈值，当温度大于50摄氏度时，所述自恢复保护电路11两端电压差会大于所述第一预设保护电压差阈值，此时，可以向所述第一开关电路13输出第一关断信号。The setting of the first preset protection voltage difference threshold may be set according to the protection temperature of the circuit; if the temperature to be protected is 50 degrees Celsius, the resistance of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 may be predetermined according to 50 degrees Celsius, according to The product of the first current flowing current in the circuit and the resistance of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 at 50 degrees Celsius is used as the first preset protection voltage difference threshold. When the temperature is greater than 50 degrees Celsius, the voltage across the self-recovery protection circuit 11 The difference is greater than the first preset protection The voltage difference threshold, at which time, the first off signal can be output to the first switching circuit 13.

实际应用中，所述第一保护监测电路12可以由是由分立元件组成的门限电压触发电路，也可以采用单片机等控制电路实现所述保护监测电路的功能。In a practical application, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 may be a threshold voltage trigger circuit composed of discrete components, or a control circuit such as a single chip microcomputer may be used to implement the function of the protection monitoring circuit.

步骤702：当所述第一电压差超出预设第一保护电压差阈值时，发送第一关断信号，关断所述电源输出的电流；Step 702: When the first voltage difference exceeds a preset first protection voltage difference threshold, send a first off signal, and turn off the current output by the power source;

进一步的，所述线路保护电路包括还包括：第一上电检测电路14；；还用于在第一流向电流所属电源上电时，向所述第一开关电路13输出第一导通信号；所述第一开关电路13，用于根据所述第一导通信号导通所述第一流向电流；所述第一上电检测电路14的上电检测端与第一流向电流所属电源输出端连接，所述第一上电检测电路14的导通控制端与所述第一开关电路13的第二开关控制端连接。Further, the line protection circuit further includes: a first power-on detection circuit 14;; and is further configured to output a first conduction signal to the first switch circuit 13 when the power source of the first flow direction current is powered on; The first switch circuit 13 is configured to turn on the first according to the first conduction signal a power-on current is connected to the power-on detecting end of the first power-on detecting circuit 14 , and the conductive control terminal of the first power-on detecting circuit 14 and the first switching circuit 13 The second switch control terminal is connected.

实际应用中，电源线上的供电会经历一个上电过程，表现出来的现象是充电电源从零到固定电压值的上升过程，例如从0V到5V的变化，所述第一上电检测电路14可以利用电源上电时的上升沿作为触发信号，产生第一导通信号，所述第一开关电路13路根据所述第一导通信号导通所述第一流向电流。In practical applications, the power supply on the power line may undergo a power-on process, and the phenomenon is manifested by a rising process of the charging power source from zero to a fixed voltage value, such as a change from 0V to 5V, the first power-on detection circuit 14 The first conduction signal may be generated by using a rising edge of the power supply as a trigger signal, and the first switching circuit 13 turns on the first current flowing according to the first conduction signal.

在一些使用场景中，如USB type C的电源线，所述电源线的两端连接器是完全一样的，充电电源和终端相对电源线来说位置可以互换，因此，电流在电源线上流动的方向可能会相反，相对于原理的第一流向电流会有一个流向相反的第二流向电流；例如USB type C的电源线有两个完全相同的连接器1和连接器2，当连接器1连接到充电器时，电流的方向为从连接器1到连接器2，可以称为第一流向电流，当连接器2连接到充电器时，电流的方向为从连接器2到接口1，可以称为第二流向电流；这时，可以如图2所示，可以在两个相反电流会流经的线路上并联两组相同的线路保护电路；设置的方向与电流对应；正向的线路保护电路用于保护电流正向流动时的电路，电流反向流动时截止；反向的线路保护电路用于保护电流反向流动时的电路，电流正向流动时截止。In some usage scenarios, such as the USB type C power cord, the connectors at both ends of the power cord are identical, and the charging power source and the terminal are interchangeable with respect to the power cord, so that current flows on the power cord. The direction may be reversed, relative to the principle of the first flow current there will be a flow of the opposite second flow current; for example, the USB type C power cord has two identical connectors 1 and 2, when the connector 1 When connected to the charger, the direction of the current is from the connector 1 to the connector 2, which may be referred to as the first flow direction current. When the connector 2 is connected to the charger, the direction of the current is from the connector 2 to the interface 1, which may It is called the second flow current; at this time, as shown in Figure 2, two sets of the same line protection circuit can be connected in parallel on the line through which two opposite currents flow; the direction of the setting corresponds to the current; the line protection in the forward direction The circuit is used to protect the circuit when the current is flowing forward, and the current is cut off when the current flows in the reverse direction; the reverse line protection circuit is used to protect the circuit when the current flows in the reverse direction, and the current is cut off when the current flows.

进一步的，对于同一电源线上两种流向的电流，可以采用共用自恢复保护电路11的线路保护电路；如图3所示，所述线路保护电路还包括：第二保护监测电路15、第二开关电路16和第二上电检测电路17。所述第二开关电路16输入端连接第二流向电流所属电源输出端，第二开关电路16输出端连接所述自恢复保护电路11输入端，所述第二保护监测电路15的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路11的输入端和输出端连接，所述第二保护监测电路15的控制输出端与所述第二开关电路16的第一开关控制端连接；在采用PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件的自恢复保护电路11对于连接器内部的发热感应，无论是正向的第一流向电流还是反向的第二流向电流都会随连接器内部温度变化而变化，所以第一流向电流和第二流向电流可以共用同一个自恢复保护电路11。Further, for the current flowing in the two power lines on the same power line, a line protection circuit sharing the self-recovery protection circuit 11 may be used; as shown in FIG. 3, the line protection circuit further includes: a second protection monitoring circuit 15 and a second The switch circuit 16 and the second power-on detection circuit 17. The input end of the second switch circuit 16 is connected to the power output end of the second flow direction current, the output end of the second switch circuit 16 is connected to the input end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the two detection ends of the second protection monitoring circuit 15 Connected to an input end and an output end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, respectively The control output end of the second protection monitoring circuit 15 is connected to the first switch control end of the second switch circuit 16; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 using a temperature protection device such as a PTC thermistor or Breaker is used for heat generation inside the connector The first flow direction current and the reverse second flow direction current may vary with the internal temperature of the connector, so the first flow direction current and the second flow direction current may share the same self-recovery protection circuit 11.

本申请实施例提供的供电线缆，通过接插件与供电或受电设备连接；所述供电线缆包括线路保护电路。所述线缆包括：线路保护电路；如图1所示，所述线路保护电路包括：第一保护监测电路12、第一开关电路13和自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路11；The power supply cable provided by the embodiment of the present application is connected to the power supply or the power receiving device through a connector; the power supply cable includes a line protection circuit. The cable includes: a line protection circuit; as shown in FIG. 1 , the line protection circuit includes: a first protection monitoring circuit 12, a first switching circuit 13 and a self-recovery protection circuit 11 whose own impedance changes with temperature;

这里，以充电电源给终端充电时采用的电源线缆，如USB线缆，为例阐述本申请实施例；所述线路保护电路可以设置在所述电源线缆的电源线中，如设置在USB线缆的5V电源线中；所述自恢复保护电路11自身阻抗随温度变化而变化，可以是自身阻抗随温度升高而升高，也可以是当温度达到预设温度时断开，呈现高阻抗状态，并在温度恢复正常温度时恢复通路状态；Here, the power cable used for charging the terminal with a charging power source, such as a USB cable, is taken as an example. The embodiment of the present application is described; the line protection circuit may be disposed in a power line of the power cable, such as a 5V power line of the USB cable; and the impedance of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 changes with temperature. It may be that its own impedance rises with an increase in temperature, or may be disconnected when the temperature reaches a preset temperature, exhibits a high impedance state, and restores the path state when the temperature returns to a normal temperature;

如图8所示，所述线路保护电路可以设置于所述线缆与所述接插件的连接位置，如接插件和线缆连接的电路板上；自恢复保护电路11可以设置在电源线两端靠近连接器，如USB连接器的引脚处，也就是靠近终端充电接口的电源引脚处。当温度正常工作范围内，所述自恢复保护电路11呈现极低阻抗，以便当电流通过，并且不会引起太大的压降；当连接器处因异物进入或连接器内部因插拔造成物理损坏引起的电源通路和其他电气通路的发生微短路现象，充电电源给终端供电时因微短路产生发热；或者，连接器的插座与插头因长期插拔，造成金手指表面金属氧化，产生较大的接触阻抗，从而使得连接器因接触阻抗产生发热；所述自恢复保护电路11因连接器内温度升高，引起阻抗升高；如连接器温度因断电或故障排除回到安全温度范围，自恢复保护电路回到正常工作状态阻抗；所述自恢复保护电路11设置在靠近连接器电源引脚的金手指处，以便更快感应到连接器在电流通过后温度的变化。As shown in FIG. 8, the line protection circuit may be disposed at a connection position of the cable and the connector, such as a circuit board connected to the connector and the cable; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 may be disposed on the power line 2 The end is close to the connector, such as the pin of the USB connector, that is, near the power pin of the terminal charging interface. When the temperature is within the normal operating range, the self-recovery protection circuit 11 exhibits a very low impedance so that when the current passes, and does not cause too much voltage drop; when the connector enters due to foreign matter or the inside of the connector is plugged and pulled. The micro-short circuit occurs in the power supply path and other electrical paths caused by damage. When the charging power supply supplies power to the terminal, it generates heat due to micro-short circuit; or the socket and plug of the connector are plugged and unplugged for a long time, causing metal oxidation on the surface of the gold finger, resulting in a larger Contact impedance, such that the connector generates heat due to contact resistance; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 causes an increase in impedance due to an increase in temperature inside the connector; if the connector temperature is removed to a safe temperature range due to power failure or fault, The self-recovery protection circuit returns to the normal operating state impedance; the self-recovery protection circuit 11 is placed at the gold finger near the connector power supply pin to more quickly sense the change in temperature of the connector after the current has passed.

所述自恢复保护电路11可以采用PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件。如图1所示，第一流向电流经第一开关电路13和自恢复保护电路11后，通过连接器的电源引脚给终端进行供电。所述第一开关电路13输入端连接第一流向电流所属电源输出端，第一开关电路13输出端连接所述自恢复保护电路11输入端，所述第一保护监测电路12的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路11的输入端和输出端连接，所述第一保护监测电路12的控制输出端与所述第一开关电路13的第一开关控制端连接，所述自恢复保护电路11输出端连接连接器的电源引脚；通常，充电电源连接外接电源，例如市电等，充电电源输出充电电流。此时电源线上的供电会经历一个上电过程，表现出来的现象是充电电源从零到固定电压值的上升过程，例如从0V到5V的变化。充电电流通过第一开关电路13、自恢复保护电路11和连接器的电源引脚，就可以让电源输出到终端。在整个供电过程中，自恢复保护电路11中的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件随连接器内部的温度变化进行性能变化；一旦因为微短路或接触电阻引起的连接器内部温度上升到某个阈值，PTC电阻或Breaker温度保护器件启动保护功能，表现出来的现象之一就是通过的电流能力降低和阻抗增大。The self-recovery protection circuit 11 can employ a temperature protection device such as a PTC thermistor or a Breaker. As shown in FIG. 1, after the first current flowing through the first switching circuit 13 and the self-recovery protection circuit 11, power is supplied to the terminal through the power supply pin of the connector. The input end of the first switch circuit 13 is connected to the power output end of the first flow direction current, and the output end of the first switch circuit 13 is connected to the input end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the two detection ends of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 Connected to the input end and the output end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, respectively, the control output end of the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is connected to the first switch control end of the first switch circuit 13, the self-recovery The output end of the protection circuit 11 is connected to the power supply pin of the connector; usually, the charging power source is connected to an external power source, such as a commercial power supply, and the charging power source outputs a charging current. At this point, the power supply on the power line will undergo a power-on process, which is manifested by the rise of the charging power source from zero to a fixed voltage value, such as a change from 0V to 5V. The charging current is passed through the first switching circuit 13, the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the power supply pin of the connector, so that the power supply can be output to the terminal. During the entire power supply process, the temperature protection device such as the PTC thermistor or Breaker in the self-recovery protection circuit 11 changes in performance with the temperature change inside the connector; once the internal temperature of the connector rises due to a micro short circuit or contact resistance One threshold, PTC resistor or Breaker temperature protection device initiates protection, one of the phenomena manifested by the reduced current capability and increased impedance.

第一保护监测电路12可以包括一个或多个单向导通的PN结半导体元器件，如二极管，二极管方向与第一流向电流方向一致，与自恢复保护电路11并联，当自恢复保护电路11的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件正常工作时，导通电阻非常小，引起的压降也非常小，第一保护监测电路12中的二极管不导通，二极管两端的压降为保护单元的压降；当自恢复保护电路11的PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件保护开启，阻抗随温度变化到某个阈值范围内，该压降大于或等于二极管的导通压降，使得二极管导通；可以根据需求，设置PN结半导体元器件的正向导通压降，即二极管的导通压降即为温度保护的第一预设保护电压差阈值。The first protection monitoring circuit 12 may include one or more unidirectional PN junction semiconductor components, such as diodes, with the diode direction consistent with the first current direction, in parallel with the self-recovery protection circuit 11, when the self-recovery protection circuit 11 When the temperature protection device such as PTC thermistor or Breaker works normally, the on-resistance is very small, and the voltage drop caused is also very small. The diode in the first protection monitoring circuit 12 is not turned on, and the voltage drop across the diode is the protection unit. Voltage drop; when the temperature protection device such as the PTC thermistor or Breaker of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 is turned on, the impedance changes with temperature to a certain threshold range, and the voltage drop is greater than or equal to the conduction voltage drop of the diode, so that the diode is led Pass; can set the forward voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component according to requirements, That is, the conduction voltage drop of the diode is the first preset protection voltage difference threshold of the temperature protection.

实际应用中，所述第一保护监测电路12可以由是由分立元件组成的门限电压触发电路，也可以采用单片机等控制电路实现所述第一保护监测电路12的功能。In a practical application, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 may be a threshold voltage trigger circuit composed of discrete components, or a control circuit such as a single chip microcomputer may be used to implement the function of the first protection monitoring circuit 12.

如此，第一保护监测电路12始终保持发送第一关断信号，使所述第一开关电路13始终处于关断状态，直到用户断开充电电源使整个电路复位；通过第一保护监测电路12控制第一开关电路13，可以较有效导通和断开充电电源通路，防止在没有断开充电电源的情况下，由于第一开关电路13切断第一流向电流使自恢复保护电路11降温，而恢复导通第一流向电流使自恢复保护电路11重新升温，从而引起“发热-保护-发热”的循环往复过程；进而可以通过切断第一流向电流通知用户充电线路中出现故障，用户排查故障后能正常供电。As such, the first protection monitoring circuit 12 always keeps transmitting the first shutdown signal, so that the first The switch circuit 13 is always in an off state until the user disconnects the charging power source to reset the entire circuit; the first switch circuit 13 is controlled by the first protection monitoring circuit 12, so that the charging power supply path can be turned on and off more effectively, preventing the bus circuit from being turned off. When the charging power source is turned on, the first switching circuit 13 cuts off the first current flowing current to cool the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and resumes turning on the first current flowing current to cause the self-recovery protection circuit 11 to reheat, thereby causing "heating-protection- The cycle of reciprocating heat; in turn, the user can be notified of the failure in the charging line by cutting off the first flow current, and the user can supply power normally after troubleshooting.

在一些使用场景中，如USB type C的电源线，所述电源线的两端连接器是完全一样的，充电电源和终端相对电源线来说位置可以互换，因此，电流在电源线上流动的方向可能会相反，相对于原来的第一流向电流会有一个流向相反的第二流向电流；例如USB type C的电源线有两个完全相同的连接器1和连接器2，当连接器1连接到充电器时，电流的方向为从连接器1到连接器2，可以称为第一流向电流，当连接器2连接到充电器时，电流的方向为从连接器2到接口1，可以称为第二流向电流；这时，可以在两个相反电流会流经的线路上同向或反向并联设置两组相同的线路保护电路，分别用于保护第一流向电流和第二流向电流；反向并联设置的方法可以如图2所示，保护电路设置的方向与电流对应；正向的线路保护电路用于保护电流正向流动时的电路，电流反向流动时截止；反向的线路保护电路用于保护电流反向流动时的电路，电流正向流动时截止。In some usage scenarios, such as the USB type C power cord, the connectors at both ends of the power cord are identical, and the charging power source and the terminal are interchangeable with respect to the power cord, so that current flows on the power cord. The direction may be reversed. There will be a second flow current opposite to the original first current flow; for example, the USB type C power cord has two identical connectors 1 and 2, when the connector 1 When connected to the charger, the direction of the current is from the connector 1 to the connector 2, which may be referred to as the first flow direction current. When the connector 2 is connected to the charger, the direction of the current is from the connector 2 to the interface 1, which may Called the second flow current; at this time, it can be in two Two sets of identical line protection circuits are provided in the same direction or in reverse parallel on the line through which the opposite current flows, for respectively protecting the first current direction and the second current direction; the method of reverse parallel connection can be as shown in FIG. 2 The direction of the protection circuit is set to correspond to the current; the forward line protection circuit is used to protect the circuit when the current is flowing forward, and the current is reversed when the current is reversed; the reverse line protection circuit is used to protect the circuit when the current flows in the opposite direction When the current is flowing forward, it is cut off.

进一步的，对于同一电源线上两种流向的电流，可以采用共用自恢复保护电路11的线路保护电路；如图3所示，所述线路保护电路还包括：第二保护监测电路15、第二开关电路16和第二上电检测电路17。所述第二开关电路16输入端连接第二流向电流所属电源输出端，第二开关电路16输出端连接所述自恢复保护电路11输入端，所述第二保护监测电路15的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路11的输入端和输出端连接，所述第二保护监测电路15的控制输出端与所述第二开关电路16的第一开关控制端连接；在采用PTC热敏电阻或Breaker等温度保护器件的自恢复保护电路11对于连接器内部的发热感应，无论是正向的第一流向电流还是反向的第二流向电流都会随连接器内部温度变化而变化，所以第一流向电流和第二流向电流可以共用同一个自恢复保护电路11。Further, for the current flowing in the two power lines on the same power line, a line protection circuit sharing the self-recovery protection circuit 11 may be used; as shown in FIG. 3, the line protection circuit further includes: a second protection monitoring circuit 15 and a second The switch circuit 16 and the second power-on detection circuit 17. The input end of the second switch circuit 16 is connected to the power output end of the second flow direction current, the output end of the second switch circuit 16 is connected to the input end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, and the two detection ends of the second protection monitoring circuit 15 Connected to the input end and the output end of the self-recovery protection circuit 11, respectively, the control output end of the second protection monitoring circuit 15 is connected to the first switch control end of the second switch circuit 16; The self-recovery protection circuit 11 of the temperature protection device such as a resistor or a Breaker detects the heat generation inside the connector, and the current flowing in the forward direction or the second current in the reverse direction changes with the internal temperature of the connector, so the first The flow direction current and the second flow direction current may share the same self-recovery protection circuit 11.

当电流为第一流向电流时，由自恢复保护电路11，第一开关电路13，第一上电检测电路14和第一保护监测电路12对连接器进行保护；当电流为第二流向电流时，由自恢复保护电路11，第二开关电路16，第二上电检测电路17和第二保护监测电路15对连接器进行保护。所述第二保护监测电路15获取所述自恢复保护电路11两端在第二流向电流下的第二电压差，当所述第二电压差超出第二预设保护电压差阈值时向所述第二开关电路16输入第二关断信号；其中，第一预设保护电压差阈值和第二预设保护电压差阈值可以相同；所述第二开关电路16，接收到所述第二关断信号时关断所述第二流向电流；所述第二保护监测电路15输出的第二关断信号使第二开端电路16一直保持关断，直到用户关断充电电源，使整个电路复原，重新上电后才能再次导通；所述第二上电检测电路17，用于检测第二流向电流所属电源的上电状态，所述第二流向电流所属电源持续保持供电状态时，锁定所述过温保护信号，保持第二开关电路16关断状态；所述第二上电检测电路17，在第二流向电流所属电源上电时，向所述第二开关电路16输出第二导通信号；所述第二开关电路16，根据所述第二导通信号导通所述第二流向电流；所述第二上电检测电路17的上电检测端与第二流向电流所属电源输出端连接，所述第二上电检测电路17的导通控制端与所述第二开关电路16的第二开关控制端连接。When the current is the first flow direction current, the connector is protected by the self-recovery protection circuit 11, the first switch circuit 13, the first power-on detection circuit 14, and the first protection monitoring circuit 12; when the current is the second current flow The connector is protected by the self-recovery protection circuit 11, the second switching circuit 16, the second power-on detection circuit 17, and the second protection monitoring circuit 15. The second protection monitoring circuit 15 acquires a second voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit 11 at a second current, and when the second voltage difference exceeds a second preset protection voltage difference threshold, The second switch circuit 16 inputs a second turn-off signal; wherein the first preset protection voltage difference threshold and the second preset protection voltage difference threshold may be the same; the second switch circuit 16 receives the second turn-off Turning off the second flow direction current when the signal is; the second turn-off signal output by the second protection monitoring circuit 15 makes the second The start circuit 16 remains turned off until the user turns off the charging power supply, so that the entire circuit is restored, and can be turned on again after being powered on again; the second power-on detecting circuit 17 is configured to detect the second current flowing to the power source. In an electrical state, the second flow direction protection current signal is continuously maintained in a power supply state, the over temperature protection signal is locked, and the second switch circuit 16 is kept in an off state; the second power up detection circuit 17 is in a second flow direction current a second conduction signal is output to the second switch circuit 16 when the power supply is powered on; the second switch circuit 16 turns on the second flow current according to the second conduction signal; the second The power-on detection end of the power-on detection circuit 17 is connected to the power-output terminal of the second current-flowing current, and the conduction control terminal of the second power-on detection circuit 17 is connected to the second switch control terminal of the second switch circuit 16. .

如图4所示，实际应用中，在线路在第二流向时，通常可以由连接器连接的输出电源端进行输出电流保护，因此，可以取消了第二流向电流方向的自恢复保护功能，用第二流向电流通路电路替代。第二流向电流通路电路是为了保证电源通路的单向性，同时可以保证线缆的用户体验。例如当该线缆是TYPE-C的充电线缆，输入输出端子结构一样，连接的设备角色均可以按需要重新定义。第二流向电流通路电路可以是一个单向导通的通路，如由MOS管等组成的单向开关电路等。As shown in FIG. 4, in the actual application, when the line is in the second flow direction, the output power supply end connected by the connector can generally perform output current protection. Therefore, the self-recovery protection function of the second current direction can be cancelled. The second flow is replaced by a current path circuit. The second flow current path circuit is to ensure the unidirectionality of the power supply path and to ensure the user experience of the cable. For example, when the cable is a TYPE-C charging cable, the input and output terminals have the same structure, and the connected device roles can be redefined as needed. The second flow direction current path circuit may be a one-way path, such as a unidirectional switch circuit composed of a MOS tube or the like.

实际应用中，可以提供指示信息用于标识工作中的线缆工作状态。例如用绿色LED表示线缆正常状态充电工作；用红色LED表示连接器头因微短路或接触阻抗变大，使得连接器内部发热，停止供电。可以使用第一关断信号来控制绿色LED和红色LED；第一关断信号有效时点亮红色LED，第一关断信号无效时点亮绿色LED。In practical applications, indication information may be provided for identifying the working state of the cable in operation. For example, a green LED indicates that the cable is in a normal state charging operation; a red LED indicates that the connector head is slightly short-circuited or the contact resistance is increased, so that the connector is internally heated and the power supply is stopped. The first off signal can be used to control the green LED and the red LED; when the first off signal is active, the red LED is illuminated, and when the first off signal is inactive, the green LED is illuminated.

如图5所示，充电线缆和终端通过USB连接器连接在一起。在该方案中，可以在充电线缆和终端两部分分别设置检测电路用于检测USB连接器电源引脚两端的电压，根据检测的电压值可以计算连接器电源引脚的电压差，结合充电电流，可以计算出USB连接器中电源引脚的接触阻抗变化。依据阻抗变化适合调整充电电流，并将该信息传递给终端提醒用户充电线缆与终端连接存在异常。当终端的检测电路检测到终端一端USB连接器电源引脚的电压接近或者等于参考电平或0电平，表明USB连接器中电源引脚存在短路故障。当检测到的阻抗大于连接器一般正常连接的预设阻抗阈值，可以依据经验值降低充电电流，保证充电线缆传输给终端的电压符合VBUS的充电规范。本申请实施例提供的线路保护电路可以和连接器电压检测电路结合，并行工作进一步保护线缆。可以用于彻底保护断路前，充电器依据接触阻抗调整输出电流保证充电过程的延续。在TYPE C规范的充电线缆中，该部分工作可以结合e-marker芯片来实现。As shown in FIG. 5, the charging cable and the terminal are connected together through a USB connector. In this solution, a detection circuit can be respectively disposed in the charging cable and the terminal for detecting the voltage across the power connector of the USB connector, and the voltage difference of the connector power pin can be calculated according to the detected voltage value, combined with the charging current. , can calculate the contact impedance change of the power pin in the USB connector. It is suitable to adjust the charging current according to the impedance change, and the information is transmitted to the terminal to remind the user that there is an abnormality in the connection between the charging cable and the terminal. When the detection circuit of the terminal detects that the voltage of the power connector of the USB connector at the terminal end is close to or equal to the reference level or the 0 level, it indicates that there is a short circuit fault in the power connector of the USB connector. When the detected impedance is greater than the preset impedance threshold normally connected by the connector, the charging current can be reduced according to the empirical value to ensure that the voltage transmitted by the charging cable to the terminal conforms to the charging specification of VBUS. The line protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can be combined with the connector voltage detection circuit to work in parallel to further protect the cable. It can be used to completely protect the circuit breaker. The charger adjusts the output current according to the contact impedance to ensure the continuation of the charging process. In the TYPE C specification of the charging cable, this part of the work can be implemented in conjunction with the e-marker chip.

将所述线路保护电路设置在所述供电电缆中时，可以将所述线路保护电路设置在供电电缆的一端连接器中，也可以在供电电缆两端的连接器中均设置所述线路保护电路；可以在两端各设置两组同向或反向并联设置的线路保护电路，在两端均设置反向并联线路保护电路的方式可以如图9a所示，所述供电线缆有第一连接器和第二连接器，以及正向线路保护电路A、正向线路保护电路B、反向线路保护电路C和反向线路保护电路D。其中正向线路保护电路A和反向线路保护电路C设置在第一连接器的连接部，用于第一连接器的保护；正向线路保护电路B和反向线路保护电路D设置在第二连接器的连接部，用于第一连接器的保护；当第一连接器连接电源时，在供电线缆中的电流走向为图中的第一流向电流的走向，此时，正向线路保护电路A和正向线路保护电路B工作，分别保护第一连接器和第二连接器；当第二连接器连接电源时，在供电线缆中的电流走向为图中的第二流向电流的走向，此时，反向线路保护电路C和反向线路保护电路D工作，分别保护第一连接器和第二连接器；在两端均设置同向并联线路保护电路方式可以如图9b所示，图1至图6所述的线路保护电路均可设置在供电线缆的一端或两端，在此不再赘述。 When the line protection circuit is disposed in the power supply cable, the line protection circuit may be disposed in one end connector of the power supply cable, or the line protection circuit may be disposed in a connector at both ends of the power supply cable; Two sets of line protection circuits arranged in the same direction or in the opposite direction may be disposed at both ends, and the reverse parallel line protection circuit may be disposed at both ends as shown in FIG. 9a, wherein the power supply cable has a first connector. And a second connector, and a forward line protection circuit A, a forward line protection circuit B, a reverse line protection circuit C, and a reverse line protection circuit D. Wherein the forward line protection circuit A and the reverse line protection circuit C are disposed at the connection portion of the first connector for protection of the first connector; the forward line protection circuit B and the reverse line protection circuit D are disposed at the second The connector of the connector is used for the protection of the first connector; when the first connector is connected to the power source, the current flow in the power supply cable is the direction of the first flow current in the figure, and at this time, the forward line protection The circuit A and the forward line protection circuit B operate to protect the first connector and the second connector respectively; when the second connector is connected to the power source, the current in the power supply cable is in the direction of the second current flowing in the figure, At this time, the reverse line protection circuit C and the reverse line protection circuit D work to protect the first connector and the second connector respectively; and the parallel connection line protection circuit is disposed at both ends as shown in FIG. 9b. The circuit protection circuit of the present invention can be disposed at one end or both ends of the power supply cable, and details are not described herein again.

以上所述，仅为本申请的最佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in Within the scope of protection of this application.

工业实用性Industrial applicability

本申请实施例的技术方案，在线路中设置自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路；所述第一保护监测电路获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差，当所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时，向所述第一开关电路输出第一关断信号；所述第一开关电路在接收到所述第一关断信号时，关断电源输出的电流。如此，在发生安全隐患时切断电源，并能避免发生循环往复切断电源的情况，提高供电安全性。 The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is to set a self-recovery protection circuit whose own impedance changes with temperature changes in the line; the first protection monitoring circuit acquires a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, when the first When a voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold, outputting a first shutdown signal to the first switching circuit; the first switching circuit turns off the power output when receiving the first shutdown signal Current. In this way, the power supply is cut off when a safety hazard occurs, and the situation that the power supply is cut off and reciprocated can be avoided, and the power supply safety is improved.

Claims

一种线路保护电路，所述电路包括：第一保护监测电路、第一开关电路和自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路；其中，A circuit protection circuit, the circuit comprising: a first protection monitoring circuit, a first switching circuit, and a self-recovery protection circuit whose own impedance changes with temperature; wherein

所述第一保护监测电路，用于获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差，当所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时，向所述第一开关电路输出第一关断信号；The first protection monitoring circuit is configured to acquire a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and output the signal to the first switch circuit when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold First turn-off signal;

所述第一开关电路，用于在接收到所述第一关断信号时，关断电源输出的电流。The first switching circuit is configured to turn off a current output by the power source when the first off signal is received.
根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述电路还包括第二开关电路和第二保护监测电路；其中，The circuit of claim 1 wherein said circuit further comprises a second switching circuit and a second protection monitoring circuit;

所述第二保护监测电路，用于获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第二电压差，当所述第二电压差超出第二预设保护电压差阈值时，向所述第二开关电路输入第二关断信号；The second protection monitoring circuit is configured to acquire a second voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and input the second switch circuit when the second voltage difference exceeds a second preset protection voltage difference threshold Second turn-off signal;

所述第二开关电路，用于接收到所述第二关断信号时，关断所述电源输出的电流。The second switch circuit is configured to turn off the current output by the power source when the second turn-off signal is received.
根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述电路还包括：第一上电检测电路；The circuit of claim 1 wherein said circuit further comprises: a first power up detection circuit;

所述第一上电检测电路，用于检测电源上电状态，所述电源上电时，向所述第一开关电路输出第一导通信号；The first power-on detecting circuit is configured to detect a power-on state, and when the power is powered on, output a first turn-on signal to the first switch circuit;

所述第一开关电路，还用于根据所述第一导通信号导通所述电源的输出电流。The first switch circuit is further configured to turn on an output current of the power source according to the first turn-on signal.
根据权利要求2所述的电路，其中，所述电路还包括：第二上电检测电路；The circuit of claim 2, wherein the circuit further comprises: a second power-on detection circuit;

所述第二上电检测电路，用于检测电源上电状态，电源上电时，向所述第二开关电路输出第二导通信号； The second power-on detection circuit is configured to detect a power-on state of the power source, and output a second conduction signal to the second switch circuit when the power source is powered on;

所述第二开关电路，还用于根据所述第二导通信号导通所述电源的输出电流。The second switch circuit is further configured to turn on an output current of the power source according to the second turn-on signal.
根据权利要求1或3所述的电路，其中，所述线路保护电路有两个，且同向或反向并联设置。The circuit according to claim 1 or 3, wherein said line protection circuit has two and is disposed in parallel or in parallel.
根据权利要求5所述的电路，其中，采用单向导通的通路替换所述两个线路保护电路中的一个。The circuit of claim 5 wherein one of said two line protection circuits is replaced with a one-way path.
根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的电路，其中，所述自恢复保护电路设置于被保护电路的发热部位。The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the self-recovery protection circuit is provided at a heat generating portion of the protected circuit.
根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的电路，其中，所述第一保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件，并将所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降确定为第一预设保护电压差阈值。The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said first protection monitoring circuit comprises: one or more PN junction semiconductor components disposed in parallel with said self-restoring protection circuit, and said The turn-on voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component is determined as a first preset protection voltage difference threshold.
根据权利要求2或4所述的电路，其中，所述第一保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件，并将所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降确定为第二预设保护电压差阈值。The circuit according to claim 2 or 4, wherein said first protection monitoring circuit comprises: one or more PN junction semiconductor components disposed in parallel with said self-restoring protection circuit, and said PN junction semiconductor The turn-on voltage drop of the component is determined as a second preset protection voltage difference threshold.
一种线路保护方法，所述方法包括：A line protection method, the method comprising:

获取阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差；Obtaining a first voltage difference across the self-recovery protection circuit whose impedance changes with temperature;

当所述第一电压差超出预设第一保护电压差阈值时，发送第一关断信号，关断所述电源输出的电流。When the first voltage difference exceeds a preset first protection voltage difference threshold, the first off signal is sent, and the current output by the power source is turned off.
根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：The method of claim 10, wherein the method further comprises:

获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第二电压差；Obtaining a second voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit;

当所述第二电压差超出预设第二保护电压差阈值时，发送第二关断信号，关断所述电源输出的电流。When the second voltage difference exceeds the preset second protection voltage difference threshold, the second off signal is sent to turn off the current output by the power source.
一种线路保护电路，所述电路包括： A line protection circuit, the circuit comprising:

自身阻抗随温度变化而变化的自恢复保护电路；Self-recovery protection circuit whose own impedance changes with temperature;

获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第一电压差，并在所述第一电压差超出第一预设保护电压差阈值时向第一开关电路输出第一关断信号的第一保护监测电路；Obtaining a first voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and outputting a first protection monitoring circuit to the first switch circuit when the first voltage difference exceeds a first preset protection voltage difference threshold;

接收到所述第一关断信号时，关断电源输出电流的所述第一开关电路；Receiving, when the first off signal is received, turning off the first switching circuit of the power supply output current;

所述第一开关电路的一端连接所述自恢复保护电路的一端，所述第一保护监测电路的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路的两端连接，所述第一保护监测电路的控制输出端与所述第一开关电路的第一开关控制端连接。One end of the first switch circuit is connected to one end of the self-recovery protection circuit, and two detection ends of the first protection monitoring circuit are respectively connected to two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and the first protection monitoring circuit The control output is coupled to the first switch control terminal of the first switching circuit.
根据权利要求12所述的电路，其中，所述电路还包括：The circuit of claim 12 wherein said circuit further comprises:

获取所述自恢复保护电路两端的第二电压差，并在所述第二电压差超出第二预设保护电压差阈值时向第二开关电路输入第二关断信号的第二保护监测电路；Obtaining a second voltage difference between the two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and inputting a second protection signal to the second switch circuit when the second voltage difference exceeds a second preset protection voltage difference threshold;

接收到所述第二关断信号时，关断所述电源输出的电流的第二开关电路；Receiving the second turn-off signal, turning off a second switch circuit of the current output by the power source;

所述第二开关电路的一端连接所述自恢复保护电路的一端，所述第二保护监测电路的两个检测端分别与所述自恢复保护电路的两端连接，所述第二保护监测电路的控制输出端与所述第二开关电路的第一开关控制端连接。One end of the second switch circuit is connected to one end of the self-recovery protection circuit, and two detection ends of the second protection monitoring circuit are respectively connected to two ends of the self-recovery protection circuit, and the second protection monitoring circuit The control output is coupled to the first switch control terminal of the second switch circuit.
根据权利要求12所述的电路，其中，所述电路还包括：The circuit of claim 12 wherein said circuit further comprises:

检测电源上电状态，在所述电源上电时向所述第一开关电路输出第一导通信号指示第一开关电路导通所述电源的输出电流的第一上电检测电路；Detecting a power-on state, and outputting, by the first switch circuit, a first power-on signal indicating that the first switch circuit turns on an output current of the power source when the power source is powered on;

所述第一上电检测电路的上电检测端与电源输出端连接，所述第一上电检测电路的导通控制端与所述第一开关电路的第二开关控制端连接。The power-on detecting end of the first power-on detecting circuit is connected to the power output end, and the first The conduction control end of the power-on detection circuit is connected to the second switch control end of the first switch circuit.
根据权利要求13所述的电路，其中，所述电路还包括：The circuit of claim 13 wherein said circuit further comprises:

检测电源上电状态，在所述电源上电时向所述第二开关电路输出第二导通信号指示第二开关电路导通所述电源的输出电流的第二上电检测电路；Detecting a power-on state, and outputting, by the second switch circuit, a second turn-on signal indicating that the second switch circuit turns on an output current of the power source when the power is turned on;

所述第二上电检测电路的上电检测端与电源输出端连接，所述第二上电检测电路的导通控制端与所述第二开关电路的第二开关控制端连接。The power-on detection end of the second power-on detection circuit is connected to the power output end, and the conduction control end of the second power-on detection circuit is connected to the second switch control end of the second switch circuit.
根据权利要求12至15任一项所述的电路，其中，所述线路保护电路有两个，且同向或反向并联设置。A circuit according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein said line protection circuit has two and is arranged in parallel or in parallel.
根据权利要求16所述的电路，其中，采用单向导通的通路替换所述两个线路保护电路中的一个。The circuit of claim 16 wherein one of said two line protection circuits is replaced with a one-way path.
根据权利要求12至15任一项所述的电路，其中，所述自恢复保护电路设置于被保护电路的发热部位。The circuit according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the self-recovery protection circuit is provided at a heat generating portion of the protected circuit.
根据权利要求12至15任一项所述的电路，其中，所述第一保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件；The circuit according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the first protection monitoring circuit comprises: one or more PN junction semiconductor components arranged in parallel in the same direction as the self-recovery protection circuit;

所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降为第一预设保护电压差阈值。The turn-on voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component is a first predetermined protection voltage difference threshold.
根据权利要求12至15任一项所述的电路，其中，所述第一开关电路包括：第一场效应MOS管、第一三极管、第一电阻，其中，所述第一MOS管的栅极与第一三极管的集电极连接作为第二控制端，第一三极管的基极与第一电阻的一端连接作为所述第一开关电路的第一开关控制端，第一三极管的发射极与第一电阻的另一端连接并接地。The circuit according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the first switching circuit comprises: a first field effect MOS transistor, a first transistor, a first resistor, wherein the first MOS transistor The gate is connected to the collector of the first transistor as a second control terminal, and the base of the first transistor is connected to one end of the first resistor as a first switch control end of the first switch circuit, the first three The emitter of the pole tube is connected to the other end of the first resistor and grounded.
根据权利要求20所述的电路，其中，所述第一MOS管为P沟道场效应管，所述第一MOS管栅极还设有非门；所述第一三极管为NPN三极管。The circuit of claim 20 wherein said first MOS transistor is a P-channel The MOSFET is also provided with a gate of the first MOS transistor; the first transistor is an NPN transistor.
根据权利要求20所述的电路，其中，所述第一上电检测电路包括：第二电阻，所述第二电阻一端和第一MOS管源极连接，另一端与第一MOS管栅极连接。The circuit of claim 20, wherein the first power-on detection circuit comprises: a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and the other end is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor .
根据权利要求13或15所述的电路，其中，所述第二保护监测电路包括：与所述自恢复保护电路同向并联设置的一个以上的PN结半导体元器件；The circuit according to claim 13 or 15, wherein said second protection monitoring circuit comprises: one or more PN junction semiconductor components arranged in parallel in the same direction as said self-recovery protection circuit;

所述PN结半导体元器件的导通压降确定为第二预设保护电压差阈值。The turn-on voltage drop of the PN junction semiconductor component is determined as a second predetermined protection voltage difference threshold.
根据权利要求13或15所述的电路，其中，所述第二开关电路包括：第二MOS管、第二三极管、第三电阻，其中，第二MOS管源极作为所述第二开关电路的输入端，第二MOS管栅极与第二三极管的集电极连接作为第二控制端，第二三极管的基极与第三电阻的一端连接作为所述第二开关电路的第一开关控制端，第二三极管的发射极与第三电阻的另一端连接并接地，所述第二MOS管的漏极为所述第一开关电路的输出端。The circuit according to claim 13 or 15, wherein the second switching circuit comprises: a second MOS transistor, a second transistor, and a third resistor, wherein the second MOS transistor source serves as the second switch An input end of the circuit, a collector of the second MOS transistor and a collector of the second transistor are connected as a second control terminal, and a base of the second transistor is connected to one end of the third resistor as the second switch circuit The first switch control end, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the other end of the third resistor and grounded, and the drain of the second MOS transistor is the output end of the first switch circuit.
根据权利要求24所述的电路，其中，所述第二MOS管为P沟道场效应管，所述第二MOS管栅极还设有非门；所述第二三极管为NPN三极管。The circuit according to claim 24, wherein said second MOS transistor is a P-channel field effect transistor, said second MOS transistor gate is further provided with a NOT gate, and said second transistor is an NPN transistor.
根据权利要求25所述的电路，其中，所述第二上电检测电路包括：第四电阻，所述第四电阻一端和第二MOS管源极连接，另一端与第二MOS管栅极连接。The circuit according to claim 25, wherein said second power-on detecting circuit comprises: a fourth resistor, one end of said fourth resistor is connected to the source of said second MOS transistor, and the other end is connected to the gate of said second MOS transistor .
一种供电线缆，通过接插件与供电或受电设备连接；所述供电线缆包括权利要求12至26任一项所述的线路保护电路。 A power supply cable is connected to a power supply or power receiving device through a connector; the power supply cable comprising the line protection circuit according to any one of claims 12 to 26.
根据权利要求27所述的供电线缆，其中，所述线路保护电路设置于所述供电线缆与所述接插件的连接位置。The power supply cable according to claim 27, wherein the line protection circuit is disposed at a connection position of the power supply cable and the connector.
根据权利要求28所述的供电线缆，其中，所述线路保护电路分别设置于供电线缆两端与所述接插件的连接位置。 The power supply cable according to claim 28, wherein the line protection circuit is respectively disposed at a connection position between the two ends of the power supply cable and the connector.