WO2018115974A2 - 用于大规模mimo***的波束形成的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于大规模mimo***的波束形成的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018115974A2
WO2018115974A2 PCT/IB2017/001714 IB2017001714W WO2018115974A2 WO 2018115974 A2 WO2018115974 A2 WO 2018115974A2 IB 2017001714 W IB2017001714 W IB 2017001714W WO 2018115974 A2 WO2018115974 A2 WO 2018115974A2
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Prior art keywords
channel
data stream
beamforming
antenna array
antenna
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PCT/IB2017/001714
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2018115974A3 (zh
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王磊
蔡振浩
赵昆
张勋勇
徐洋
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阿尔卡特朗讯
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Priority to US16/471,457 priority Critical patent/US11616539B2/en
Priority to EP17844623.3A priority patent/EP3562050B1/en
Publication of WO2018115974A2 publication Critical patent/WO2018115974A2/zh
Publication of WO2018115974A3 publication Critical patent/WO2018115974A3/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452Multi-user MIMO systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/046Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
    • H04B7/0469Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account taking special antenna structures, e.g. cross polarized antennas into account
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621Feedback content
    • H04B7/0634Antenna weights or vector/matrix coefficients
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/10Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a technique for beamforming of a large-scale MIMO system. Background technique
  • RF radio frequency
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • mmWAVE Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • Large-scale MIMO schemes smaller than 6 GHz need to consider channel characteristics, FH (Front Hual) capacity, antenna structure, and beamforming algorithms.
  • RF beamforming uses a LEN (lens) antenna or a phased array antenna to form beams for different users.
  • LEN las
  • the RF beamforming needs to be larger than the number of antennas in the MIMO wave to differentiate the users due to the large angular spread of the channel.
  • multiple antennas will cause a larger antenna size.
  • RF beamforming does not well suppress interference between users when the channel has a large angular spread. Therefore, baseband beamforming with enhanced signal processing algorithms has to be used.
  • a beamforming method for a large-scale MIM0 system is provided, wherein an antenna in the large-scale MIM0 system is an antenna array of M rows and N columns, and each antenna pair in the antenna array Each of the array elements is cross-polarized, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
  • a beamforming apparatus for a massive MIMO system wherein an antenna in the massive MIMO system is an antenna array of M rows and N columns, each of the antenna arrays Each of the array elements is cross-polarized, wherein the device comprises:
  • a baseband beamforming device configured to perform horizontal baseband beamforming processing on the S-channel data stream to be transmitted through the antenna array, to obtain a T-channel data stream;
  • a digital beamforming device configured to perform a vertical digital beamforming process on the T-channel data stream, to map the T-channel data stream to a corresponding channel according to a predetermined rule, where the predetermined rule includes: The following relationship is satisfied between the data stream and its mapped channel:
  • W_DBF0, W_DBF1 represents the corresponding digital beam weighting coefficient
  • Tx(4n, 4n+l, 4n+2, 4n+3) represents the mapped channel
  • An analog beamforming device is configured to perform analog beamforming processing on the data streams on each channel to map the data streams on each channel to corresponding array elements of the antenna array for transmission.
  • a base station wherein the base station comprises the aforementioned beamforming device for a massive MIMO system according to another aspect of the present invention.
  • the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects by performing digital beamforming processing in the vertical direction by performing baseband beamforming processing in the horizontal direction: RF beamforming and BB under FH and antenna limitation ( Baseband, BaseBand)
  • RF beamforming and BB under FH and antenna limitation
  • the combination of beamforming offers great flexibility in BB algorithm selection and RF beam design, balancing the complexity and performance between BB and RF, and enabling large scales in sub-6GHz MIMO; and the RF beam design of the present invention uses an uplink sounding reference signal.
  • the base station needs to transmit a beam reference signal, and the UE needs to estimate the beam reference signal and feed back the beam ID to the base station.
  • the use of the uplink sounding reference signal of the present invention can reduce the complexity of the antenna model and can well estimate the interference between the RF beams.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a beamforming device for a large-scale MIMO system in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an 8 ⁇ 8 antenna array model used in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a horizontal direction baseband beamforming process and a vertical direction digital beam sequentially performed on a data stream to be transmitted through an antenna array according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Forming a process that is mapped to a schematic on the corresponding channel;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the application of UL SRS to obtain an optimal beam ID in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 illustrates a data stream on a channel and its mapped array in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the relationship between the elements;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a small weight of beam ID 0 and beam ID1 in different directions of a vertical beam in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • the figure shows a flow chart of a beamforming method for a large-scale MIMO system according to another aspect of the present invention.
  • the apparatus 1 shows a beamforming device 1 for a massive MIMO system according to an aspect of the present invention, wherein the antenna in the massive MIMO system is an M-row N-column antenna array, each of the antenna arrays Each of the array elements of an antenna pair is cross-polarized, wherein the apparatus 1 comprises a baseband beamforming device 11, a digital beamforming device 12 and an analog beamforming device 13. Specifically, the baseband beamforming device 11 performs horizontal baseband beamforming processing on the S-channel data stream to be transmitted through the antenna array to obtain a T-channel data stream; and the digital beamforming device 12 performs vertical direction on the T-channel data stream.
  • AP(n) represents the T-channel data stream
  • W_DBF0, W_DBF1 represent corresponding digital beam weighting coefficients
  • Tx(4n, 4n+l, 4n+2, 4n+3) represent the mapped channel
  • analog beamforming device 13 An analog beamforming process is performed on the data streams on each channel to map the data streams on each channel to corresponding array elements of the antenna array for transmission.
  • the device 1 includes, but is not limited to, any one of electronic products for performing beamforming, such as space/space frequency diversity transmitters, base stations, and the like.
  • the base station refers to a device, such as an eNB base station, that connects a fixed part and a wireless part in a mobile communication system and is connected to the mobile station by wireless transmission in the air.
  • eNB base station a device that connects a fixed part and a wireless part in a mobile communication system and is connected to the mobile station by wireless transmission in the air.
  • the baseband beamforming device 11 performs horizontal baseband beamforming processing on the S-channel data stream to be transmitted through the antenna array to obtain a T-channel data stream.
  • the T-way data stream can be transmitted to a transmission interface coupled to the output of the baseband beamforming device 11 as an input signal to the transmission interface.
  • the baseband beamforming device 11 pre-codes 16 data streams using the baseband L1 layer MU-MIMO to perform horizontal baseband beamforming processing on the 16 data streams, such as obtaining 32 data streams.
  • the precoding weight of the baseband L1 layer MU-MIMO can be obtained by the UL SRS (Uplink Sounding Reference Signal) according to the ZF (Zero Forcing) algorithm.
  • the 16-way data stream is represented as LayerO- 15.
  • the 16-way data stream is subjected to horizontal baseband beamforming processing to obtain 32 data streams, which are input to the transmission interface (CPRI).
  • CPRI transmission interface
  • the LayerO ⁇ Layer7 data stream passes through the MU-MIMO module for horizontal baseband beamforming processing
  • the AP0 ⁇ AP15 data streams are obtained
  • the Layer8 ⁇ Layerl5 data stream is passed through the MU-MIMO module for horizontal baseband beamforming.
  • AP16 ⁇ AP31 data streams are obtained as input signals of the transmission interface (CPRI/FH).
  • each AP data is processed by the DBF (Digital Beamforming) module, it becomes 4-channel TX data, and implements signal weight adjustment, and satisfies AP(n) X W_DBF0 + AP.
  • the AP16 data is processed by DBF1 and also mapped to channel ⁇ 0-3 to reduce the number of channels.
  • the DBF0 module uses the digital beam weighting factor W-DBF0 to perform vertical digital beamforming processing on the ⁇ data input thereto.
  • the DBF1 module uses The digital beam weighting factor W_DBF1 performs vertical digital beamforming processing on the ⁇ data input thereto, where the digital beam weighting coefficients W_DBF0, W_DBF1 respectively represent the beam IDs pre-stored as candidate beams on DBF0 and DBF1.
  • W—DBF0 represents beam ID
  • W—DBF1 represents beam ID 1.
  • the DBF dimension is equal to the number of antenna ports in the vertical direction determined by the antenna array.
  • the current 128-element antenna has 64 antenna ports, of which 16 in the horizontal direction and 4 in the vertical direction, so the DBF dimension is equal to 4.
  • the present invention can be processed by UL SRS, each AP can learn the optimal beam ID selected by the UE, and the UE can estimate the following signals by using SRS (probe reference signal): 1) UE own signal energy; 2) for different digital beams Weight, the interference of other UEs, the specific application of UL SRS processing to learn the optimal beam ID is shown in Figure 4.
  • the UE can utilize the reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels.
  • the received signals are weighted by different RF beams (DBF0/DBF1), and the UL SRS signals are estimated under different weighted signals. Then, the received signal energy of the UE under different RF beams can be obtained.
  • the UE can estimate its own transmit beam direction (DBF0/DBF1) based on the received signal energy and estimate the interference of the other beam direction to itself.
  • the AP0-AP15 only needs to carry the data of the UE located on the beam ID 0.
  • the AP16-AP31 only needs to carry the data of the UE located on the beam ID 1. After the DBF processing, the data of the beam ID 0 and the data of the beam ID 1 are superimposed. .
  • the digital beamforming device 12 can be located in a radio frequency module of an existing base station.
  • the device 1 further comprises a transport device (not shown).
  • the transmitting device transmits the N channels of data through the transmission interface, where the dimension of the transmission interface is equal to twice the number of the horizontal antenna ports determined by the antenna array, and the digital beam forming device 12
  • the N-way data stream output by the transmission interface performs vertical direction digital beamforming processing to map the T-channel data stream to a corresponding channel according to a predetermined rule.
  • the dimension of the transmission interface refers to the number of input ports of the transmission interface.
  • the analog beamforming device 13 performs analog beamforming processing on the data streams on each channel to map the data streams on each channel to the corresponding array elements of the antenna array for transmission.
  • each Tx data is subjected to analog beamforming processing, it is mapped to two array elements of the antenna array, as shown in FIG. 5 (where ABF represents analog beamforming and ⁇ represents array elements).
  • ABF represents analog beamforming
  • represents array elements
  • the data stream on the channel is processed by the ABF module, it is mapped to the array element ⁇ 0 ⁇ 1.
  • the data stream on the Txl is processed by the ABF module, mapped to the array element AE2 ⁇ 3, and so on, and the data on the Tx63.
  • the stream is processed by the ABF module, it is mapped to the array elements 126 ⁇ 127.
  • the present invention designs the beam ID 0 and the beam ID1 as almost orthogonal and full coverage spatial regions, and the UE on the beam ID 0 is not interfered by the beam ID1, and the UE on the same beam ID Spatial multiplexing is achieved by the baseband MU-MIMO method.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the small weights of beam ID 0 and beam ID1 in the same direction as the vertical beam.
  • the figure shows a flow chart of a beamforming method for a large-scale MIMO system according to another aspect of the present invention.
  • the antenna in the massive MIMO system is an antenna array of M rows and N columns, and each of the antenna elements in the antenna array is cross-polarized, wherein the method includes step S1, step S2. And step S3. Specifically, in step S1, the device 1 performs horizontal direction baseband beamforming on the S-channel data stream to be transmitted through the antenna array.
  • the device 1 obtains a T-way data stream; in step S2, the device 1 performs a vertical direction digital beamforming process on the network data stream to map the network data stream to a corresponding channel according to a predetermined rule, where
  • the device 1 includes, but is not limited to, any of electronic products for beamforming, such as space/space frequency diversity transmitters, base stations, and the like.
  • the base station refers to a device, such as an eNB base station, in which a fixed portion and a wireless portion are connected in a mobile communication system and connected to the mobile station by wireless transmission over the air.
  • step S1 the device 1 performs horizontal direction baseband beamforming processing on the S-channel data stream to be transmitted through the antenna array to obtain a T-channel data stream.
  • the T-way data stream can be transmitted to a transmission interface that is coupled to the output of device 1 in step S1 as an input signal to the transmission interface.
  • the device 1 pre-codes 16 data streams by using the baseband L1 layer MU-MIMO to perform horizontal direction baseband beam shape on the 16 data streams. Processing, such as getting 32 channels of data.
  • the precoding weight of the baseband L1 layer MU-MIMO can be obtained by the UL SRS (Uplink Sounding Reference Signal) according to the ZF (Zero Forcing) algorithm.
  • the 16-way data stream is represented as LayerO- 15.
  • the 16-way data stream is subjected to horizontal baseband beamforming processing to obtain 32 data streams, which are input to the transmission interface (CPRI).
  • CPRI transmission interface
  • the LayerO ⁇ Layer7 data stream passes through the MU-MIMO module for horizontal baseband beamforming processing
  • the AP0 ⁇ AP15 data streams are obtained
  • the Layer8 ⁇ Layerl5 data stream is passed through the MU-MIMO module for horizontal baseband beamforming.
  • AP16 ⁇ AP31 data streams are obtained as input signals of the transmission interface (CPRI/FH).
  • each AP data is processed by the DBF (Digital Beamforming) module, it becomes 4-channel TX data, and implements signal weight adjustment, and satisfies AP(n) X W_DBF0 + AP.
  • the AP16 data is processed by DBF1 and also mapped to channel ⁇ 0-3 to reduce the number of channels.
  • the DBF0 module uses the digital beam weighting factor W-DBF0 to perform vertical digital beamforming processing on the ⁇ data input thereto.
  • the DBF1 module uses The digital beam weighting factor W_DBF1 performs vertical digital beamforming processing on the ⁇ data input thereto, where the digital beam weighting coefficients W_DBF0, W-DBF1 respectively represent the beam IDs pre-stored as candidate beams on DBF0 and DBF1.
  • W—DBF0 represents beam ID
  • W—DBF 1 represents beam ID 1.
  • the DBF dimension is equal to the number of vertical antenna ports determined by the antenna array, such as the current 128-element antenna, and 64 antenna ports. There are 16 horizontal directions and 4 vertical directions, so the DBF dimension is equal to 4.
  • the present invention can be processed by UL SRS, each AP can learn the optimal beam ID selected by the UE, and the UE can estimate the following signals by using SRS (probe reference signal): 1) UE own signal energy; 2) for different digital beams Weight, other UE's interference.
  • SRS probe reference signal
  • the UE can utilize the reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels.
  • the received signals are weighted by different RF beams (DBF0/DBF1), and the UL SRS signals are estimated under different weighted signals.
  • the received signal energy of the UE under different RF beams can be obtained.
  • the UE can estimate its own transmit beam direction (DBF0/DBF1) based on the received signal energy and estimate the interference of the other beam direction to itself.
  • AP0 ⁇ AP15 only need to carry the data of the UE located on the beam ID 0.
  • the AP16 ⁇ AP31 only need to carry the data of the UE located on the beam ID 1. After the DBF processing, the data of the beam ID 0 and the data of the beam ID 1 are superimposed. .
  • the device 1 further comprises a step S4 (not shown). Specifically, in step S4, the device 1 transmits the N-channel data stream through the transmission interface, where the dimension of the transmission interface is equal to twice the number of the horizontal-direction antenna ports determined by the antenna array, In S2, the device 1 performs vertical digital beamforming processing on the N-channel data streams outputted by the transmission interface, so as to map the T-channel data streams to corresponding channels according to a predetermined rule.
  • the dimension of the transmission interface refers to the number of input ports of the transmission interface.
  • step S3 the device 1 performs analog beam forming processing on the data streams on each channel to map the data streams on each channel to the corresponding array elements of the antenna array for transmission.
  • each Tx data is subjected to analog beamforming processing, it is mapped to two array elements of the antenna array, as shown in FIG. 4 (where ABF represents analog beamforming, ⁇ represents array elements), If the data stream on the channel is processed by the ABF module, it is mapped to the array element ⁇ 0 ⁇ 1.
  • the data stream on the Txl is processed by the ABF module, mapped to the array element AE2 ⁇ 3, and so on, and the data on the Tx63. After the stream is processed by the ABF module, it is mapped to the array elements 126 ⁇ 127.
  • the present invention designs the beam ID 0 and the beam ID1 as almost orthogonal and full coverage spatial regions, and the UE on the beam ID 0 is not interfered by the beam ID1, and the UE on the same beam ID Spatial multiplexing is achieved by the baseband MU-MIMO method.
  • the present invention can be implemented in software and/or a combination of software and hardware, for example, using an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a general purpose computer, or any other similar hardware device.
  • the software program of the present invention may be executed by a processor to implement the steps or functions described above.
  • the software program (including related data structures) of the present invention can be stored in a computer readable recording medium such as a RAM memory, a magnetic or optical drive or a floppy disk and the like. Additionally, some of the steps or functions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, for example, as a circuit that cooperates with a processor to perform various steps or functions.
  • a portion of the present invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide a method and/or solution in accordance with the present invention.
  • the program instructions for invoking the method of the present invention may be stored in a fixed or removable recording medium and/or transmitted by a data stream in a broadcast or other signal bearing medium, and/or stored in a The working memory of the computer device in which the program instructions are run.
  • an embodiment in accordance with the present invention includes a device including a memory for storing computer program instructions and a processor for executing program instructions, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, triggering
  • the apparatus operates based on the foregoing methods and/or technical solutions in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明的目的是提供一种用于大规模MIMO***的波束形成的方法与设备。具体地,对拟经天线阵列传输的S路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理,得到T路数据流;对T路数据流进行垂直方向数字波束形成处理,以将T路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道上;对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形成处理,以将每一通道上的数据流映射至天线阵列的相应阵元上进行发送。与现有技术相比,本发明实现了以下有益效果:将RF波束形成和在FH与天线限制下的BB波束形成的优势结合,提供了BB算法选择及RF波束设计的很好的灵活性,平衡了BB与RF之间的复杂性和性能,并实现了在sub-6GHz中的大规模MIMO。

Description

用于大规模 MIMO***的波束形成的方法和设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种用于大规模 MIMO 系 统的波束形成的技术。 背景技术
当今, RF (射频)波束形成被应用于在大于 6GHz的 mmWAVE (亳 米波) 频带中大规模 MIMO (多输入多输出, Multiple Input Multiple Output )部署的解决方案。 而小于 6GHz中的大规模 MIMO方案需考 虑信道特性、 FH ( Fronthual, 前传)容量、 天线结构以及波束形成算 法。
亳米波中, RF波束形成采用 LEN (透镜) 天线或相位阵列天线 来为不同用户形成波束。 但在小于 6 GHz ( sub- 6GHz )频带中, 因信 道具有大角度扩展, RF 波束形成需要比亳米波中的天线数量多, 以 区分用户。 在低频带中, 多天线将引起较大天线规模。 同时, 在信道 具有大角度扩展下, RF 波束形成不能很好地抑制用户间的千扰。 因 此, 不得不使用具有增强的信号处理算法的基带波束形成。
4G (***移动通信) 中, 天线数量为 8, 带宽 20MHz, 选择的 是基带波束形成。 但在 5G (第五代移动通信) 中, 将由超过 64个天 线且同时具有 100MHz带宽, FH无法支持如此高的数据速率。 如将 L1层处理直接移至 RF, FH传输能够避免, 但 RF模块的复杂性不能 被接受。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于大规模 MIMO***的波束形成 的方法与设备。 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种用于大规模 MIM0***的波 束形成方法, 其中, 该大规模 MIM0***中的天线为 M行 N列的天 线阵列,该天线阵列中的每一天线对中的每个阵元被交叉极化,其中, 该方法包括以下步骤:
a对拟经所述天线阵列传输的 S路数据流进行水平方向基带波束 形成处理, 得到 T路数据流;
b 对所述 T路数据流进行垂直方向数字波束形成处理,以将所述 T路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道上, 其中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满足以下关系:
AP(n)XW_DBF0 + AP(n+16)XW_DBFl =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)、 AP(n+16)分别表示所述 T路数据流中的第 η、 n+16 路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBFl分别表示 AP(n)、 AP(n+16)的数字波 束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+1 ,4n+2,4n+3)表示被映射的通道;
c 对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形成处理, 以将每一通道 上的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵元上进行发送。
根据本发明的另一方面, 还提供了一种用于大规模 MIMO *** 的波束形成设备, 其中, 该大规模 MIMO***中的天线为 M行 N列 的天线阵列, 该天线阵列中的每一天线对中的每个阵元被交叉极化, 其中, 该设备包括:
基带波束形成装置,用于对拟经所述天线阵列传输的 S路数据流 进行水平方向基带波束形成处理, 得到 T路数据流;
数字波束形成装置,用于对所述 T路数据流进行垂直方向数字波 束形成处理, 以将所述 T路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道上, 其 中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满足以下 关系:
AP(n)XW_DBF0 + AP(n+16)XW_DBFl =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)表示所述 T路数据流中的第 n路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBFl表示对应的数字波束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3)表示 被映射的通道; 模拟波束形成装置, 用于对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形 成处理, 以将每一通道上的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵元上 进行发送。
根据本发明的又一个方面, 还提供了一种基站, 其中, 该基站包 括前述根据本发明另一个方面的一种用于大规模 MIMO ***的波束 形成设备。
与现有技术相比, 本发明通过在水平方向上进行基带波束形成处 理而在垂直方向上进行数字波束形成处理, 实现了以下有益效果: 将 RF波束形成和在 FH与天线限制下的 BB (基带, BaseBand ) 波束形 成的优势结合,提供了 BB算法选择及 RF波束设计的很好的灵活性, 平衡了 BB与 RF之间的复杂性和性能,并实现了在 sub- 6GHz中的大 规模 MIMO; 且本发明中 RF波束设计采用上行探测参考信号, 与 5G 版本不同, 在 5G版本中, 需要基站传输波束参考信号, 且 UE需要 估计波束参考信号并将波束 ID反馈至基站。 本发明采用上行探测参 考信号能够降低天线模型的复杂性并能很好地估计 RF波束之间的千 扰。 附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述, 本发明的其它特征、 目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图 1示出才 据本发明一个方面的一种用于大规模 MIMO ***的 波束形成设备示意图;
图 2示出现有技术中采用的 8X 8天线阵列模型的示意图; 图 3示出本发明一个优选实施例的对拟经天线阵列传输的数据流 依次执行水平方向基带波束形成处理、 垂直方向数字波束形成处理, 被映射至相应通道上的示意图;
图 4示出本发明一个优选实施例的应用 UL SRS获知最优波束 ID 的示意图;
图 5示出本发明一个优选实施例的通道上的数据流与其映射的阵 元之间的关系示意图;
图 6示出本发明一个优选实施例的同为垂直波束的波束 ID 0与 波束 ID1在不同方向上的权重大小的示意图;
图 Ί示出才 据本发明另一个方面的一种用于大规模 MIMO *** 的波束形成方法流程示意图。
附图中相同或相似的附图标记代表相同或相似的部件。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
图 1示出才 据本发明一个方面的一种用于大规模 MIMO ***的 波束形成设备 1, 其中, 该大规模 MIMO***中的天线为 M行 N列 的天线阵列, 该天线阵列中的每一天线对中的每个阵元被交叉极化, 其中, 设备 1包括基带波束形成装置 11、 数字波束形成装置 12和模 拟波束形成装置 13。 具体地, 基带波束形成装置 11对拟经所述天线 阵列传输的 S路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理,得到 T路数 据流; 数字波束形成装置 12对所述 T路数据流进行垂直方向数字波 束形成处理, 以将所述 T路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道上, 其 中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满足以下 关 系 : AP(n) X W_DBF0 + AP(n+16) X W— DBF1 =Tx(4n,4n+l ,4n+2,4n+3), n=0... S- 1, AP(n)表示所述 T路数据流中的 第 η路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBF1表示对应的数字波束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+l ,4n+2,4n+3)表示被映射的通道;模拟波束形成装置 13对每 一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形成处理, 以将每一通道上的数据流 映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵元上进行发送。
在此, 在此, 所述设备 1包括但不限于任何一种用于进行波束形成 的电子产品, 如空时 /空频分集发射机、 基站等。 在此, 所述基站是指 移动通信***中, 连接固定部分与无线部分, 并通过空中的无线传输与 移动台相连的设备, 如 eNB基站。 本领域技术人员应能理解上述设备 1、 基站仅为举例, 其他现有的或今后可能出现的设备 1 或基站如可 适用于本发明, 也应包含在本发明保护范围以内, 并在此以引用方式 包含于此。
具体地, 基带波束形成装置 11对拟经所述天线阵列传输的 S路 数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理, 得到 T路数据流。
在此, 所述 S路数据流是指大规模 MIMO ***要求的数据流数 量,如现有的 CMCC(***通信集团公司)在大规模 MIMO***中, 采用 128个天线, 64个收发器(TRX ), 要求 16个数据流以实现峰值 吞吐量要求, 采用 8X 8 天线阵列模型, 每一天线对中的每个阵元被 交叉极化, 如图 2所示 (图 2中, M=8, N=8 )。
在具体实施例中, T 路数据流可传输至与基带波束形成装置 11 的输出端连接的传输接口, 以作为传输接口的输入信号。
以下以图 2所示的天线阵列模型为例进行水平方向基带波束形成 说明:
具体地, 基带波束形成装置 11利用基带 L1层 MU- MIMO对 16 路数据流进行预编码, 以对该 16路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形 成处理, 如得到 32路数据流。 优选地, 基带 L1层 MU- MIMO的预 编码权重能够根据 ZF (迫零, Zero Forcing )算法, 由 UL SRS (上行 链路探测参考信号, Uplink Sounding Reference Signal )得到。 如图 3 所示, 16路数据流被表示为 LayerO- 15, 经过 MU- MIMO模块, 对该 16路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理, 得到 32路数据流, 输 入至与传输接口 ( CPRI/FH ), 如将 LayerO~Layer7 数据流经过 MU- MIMO模块进行水平方向基带波束形成处理后, 得到 AP0~AP15 个数据流, 将 Layer8~Layerl5数据流经过 MU-MIMO模块进行水平 方向基带波束形成处理后, 得到 AP16~AP31个数据流, 作为传输接 口 (CPRI/FH ) 的输入信号。
然后, 数字波束形成装置 12对所述 T路数据流进行垂直方向数 字波束形成处理, 以将所述 T 路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道 上, 其中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满 足 以 下 关 系 : AP(n) X W— DBF0 + AP(n+16) X W— DBF1 =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)表示所述 T路数据流中的 第 η路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBFl表示对应的数字波束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+1 ,4n+2,4n+3)表示被映射的通道。
例如, 接上例, 如图 3所示, 每一 AP数据被 DBF (数字波束形 成)模块处理后, 变为 4路 TX数据, 并实现信号权重调整, 且满足 AP(n) X W_DBF0 + AP(n+16) X W_DBF1 =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), η=0...15, 如 ΑΡΟ数据经 DBF0处理, 映射至通道 ΤΧ0~3上, 以此类 推, 但 AP16数据经 DBF1处理, 也映射至通道 ΤΧ0-3上, 以减少 通道数量, DBF0 模块采用数字波束加权系数 W— DBF0 对输入其的 ΑΡ数据进行垂直方向数字波束形成处理, DBF1模块采用数字波束加 权系数 W— DBF1 对输入其的 ΑΡ数据进行垂直方向数字波束形成处 理, 在此, 数字波束加权系数 W— DBF0、 W— DBFl分别代表预存储在 DBF0和 DBF1上作为候选波束的波束 ID,如 W— DBF0代表波束 ID 0, W— DBFl代表波束 ID 1。 在此, DBF维数等于天线阵列所确定的垂 直方向天线端口数量, 例如现在 128阵元天线, 有 64个天线端口, 其中水平方向 16个, 垂直方向 4个, 因而 DBF维数等于 4。
在此, 本发明可通过 UL SRS处理, 每一 AP能够获知 UE选择 的最优波束 ID, UE可利用 SRS (探测参考信号)估计以下信号: 1)UE 自身信号能量; 2 )对于不同数字波束权重, 其他 UE 的千扰, 具体 的应用 UL SRS处理获知最优波束 ID的过程如图 4所示。 UE可利用 上下行信道的互易性,在上行接收时,用不同的 RF波束( DBF0/DBF1 ) 加权接收信号, 在不同的加权信号下, 估计 UL SRS信号。 那么就可 以得到 UE在不同 RF波束下的接收信号能量。 UE可以根据接收信号 能量来估计自己的发送波束方向(DBF0/DBF1), 并估计另一个波束方 向对自己的千扰。 AP0~AP15仅需承载位于波束 ID 0上的 UE的数据, AP16-AP31仅需承载位于波束 ID 1上的 UE的数据, 经过 DBF处理 后, 波束 ID 0的数据和波束 ID 1的数据进行叠加。
在具体实施例中, 本领域技术人员应能理解, 数字波束形成装置 12可位于现有基站的射频模块中。 优选地, 设备 1还包括传输装置 (未示出)。 具体地, 传输装置 将所述 N路数据流经传输接口传输, 其中, 所述传输接口的维数等于 所述天线阵列所确定的水平方向天线端口数量的二倍, 数字波束形成 装置 12对经所述传输接口输出后的所述 N路数据流进行垂直方向数 字波束形成处理, 以将所述 T 路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道 上。
在此, 传输接口的维数是指传输接口的输入端口数量。 例如现在 128阵元天线, 有 64个天线端口, 其中水平方向 16个, 垂直方向 4 个, 因而 CPRI/FH接口数等于 16*2=32。
接着, 模拟波束形成装置 13对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波 束形成处理, 以将每一通道上的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵 元上进行发送。
例如, 还接上例, 每一 Tx数据被模拟波束形成处理后, 被映射 至天线阵列的 2个阵元上, 如图 5所示(其中, ABF表示模拟波束形 成, ΑΕ表示阵元), 如通道 ΤχΟ上的数据流被 ABF模块处理后, 映 射至阵元 ΑΕ0~1上, Txl上的数据流被 ABF模块处理后, 映射至阵 元 AE2~3上, 以此类推, Tx63上的数据流被 ABF模块处理后, 映射 至阵元 ΑΕ126~127上。
在此, 经 ABF模块处理后, 本发明将波束 ID 0与波束 ID1 设计 为几乎正交且全覆盖空间区域, 波束 ID 0上的 UE不会被波束 ID1 千扰,在相同波束 ID上的 UE因基带 MU- MIMO方法实现空间复用。
图 6示出了同为垂直波束的波束 ID 0与波束 ID1在不同方向上 的权重大小的示意图。
图 Ί示出才 据本发明另一个方面的一种用于大规模 MIMO *** 的波束形成方法流程示意图。
其中, 该大规模 MIMO***中的天线为 M行 N列的天线阵列, 该天线阵列中的每一天线对中的每个阵元被交叉极化, 其中, 该方法 包括步骤 S l、 步骤 S2和步骤 S3。 具体地, 在步骤 S 1中, 设备 1对 拟经所述天线阵列传输的 S 路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处 理, 得到 T路数据流; 在步骤 S2中, 设备 1对所述 Τ路数据流进行 垂直方向数字波束形成处理,以将所述 Τ路数据流按预定规则映射至 相应通道上, 其中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 Τ路数据流与其映射的通 道之间满足以下关系: ΑΡ(η) X W_DBF0 + AP(n+16) X W_DBF1 =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, ΑΡ(η)表示所述 Τ路数据流中的 第 η路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBF1表示对应的数字波束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3)表示被映射的通道; 在步骤 S3 中, 设备 1对 每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形成处理, 以将每一通道上的数据 流映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵元上进行发送。
在此, 在此, 所述设备 1包括但不限于任何一种用于进行波束形成 的电子产品, 如空时 /空频分集发射机、 基站等。 在此, 所述基站是指 移动通信***中, 连接固定部分与无线部分, 并通过空中的无线传输与 移动台相连的设备, 如 eNB基站。 本领域技术人员应能理解上述设备 1、 基站仅为举例, 其他现有的或今后可能出现的设备 1 或基站如可 适用于本发明, 也应包含在本发明保护范围以内, 并在此以引用方式 包含于此。
具体地, 在步骤 S1 中, 设备 1对拟经所述天线阵列传输的 S路 数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理, 得到 T路数据流。
在此, 所述 S路数据流是指大规模 MIMO ***要求的数据流数 量,如现有的 CMCC(***通信集团公司)在大规模 MIMO***中, 采用 128个天线, 64个收发器(TRX ), 要求 16个数据流以实现峰值 吞吐量要求, 采用 8X 8 天线阵列模型, 每一天线对中的每个阵元被 交叉极化, 如图 2所示 (图 2中, M=8, N=8 )。
在具体实施例中, T路数据流可传输至与在步骤 S1 中, 设备 1 的输出端连接的传输接口, 以作为传输接口的输入信号。
以下以图 2所示的天线阵列模型为例进行水平方向基带波束形成 说明:
具体地, 在步骤 S1中, 设备 1利用基带 L1层 MU- MIMO对 16 路数据流进行预编码, 以对该 16路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形 成处理, 如得到 32路数据流。 优选地, 基带 L1层 MU- MIMO的预 编码权重能够根据 ZF (迫零, Zero Forcing )算法, 由 UL SRS (上行 链路探测参考信号, Uplink Sounding Reference Signal )得到。 如图 3 所示, 16路数据流被表示为 LayerO- 15, 经过 MU- MIMO模块, 对该 16路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理, 得到 32路数据流, 输 入至与传输接口 ( CPRI/FH ), 如将 LayerO~Layer7 数据流经过 MU- MIMO模块进行水平方向基带波束形成处理后, 得到 AP0~AP15 个数据流, 将 Layer8~Layerl5数据流经过 MU-MIMO模块进行水平 方向基带波束形成处理后, 得到 AP16~AP31个数据流, 作为传输接 口 (CPRI/FH ) 的输入信号。
然后, 在步骤 S2中, 设备 1对所述 T路数据流进行垂直方向数 字波束形成处理, 以将所述 T 路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道 上, 其中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满 足 以 下 关 系 : AP(n) X W— DBF0 + AP(n+16) X W— DBF1 =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)表示所述 T路数据流中的 第 η路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBF1表示对应的数字波束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+1 ,4n+2,4n+3)表示被映射的通道。
例如, 接上例, 如图 3所示, 每一 AP数据被 DBF (数字波束形 成)模块处理后, 变为 4路 TX数据, 并实现信号权重调整, 且满足 AP(n) X W_DBF0 + AP(n+16) X W_DBF1 =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), η=0...15, 如 ΑΡΟ数据经 DBF0处理, 映射至通道 ΤΧ0~3上, 以此类 推, 但 AP16数据经 DBF1处理, 也映射至通道 ΤΧ0-3上, 以减少 通道数量, DBF0 模块采用数字波束加权系数 W— DBF0 对输入其的 ΑΡ数据进行垂直方向数字波束形成处理, DBF1模块采用数字波束加 权系数 W— DBF1 对输入其的 ΑΡ数据进行垂直方向数字波束形成处 理, 在此, 数字波束加权系数 W— DBF0、 W— DBF1分别代表预存储在 DBF0和 DBF1上作为候选波束的波束 ID,如 W— DBF0代表波束 ID 0, W— DBF 1代表波束 ID 1。 在此, DBF维数等于天线阵列所确定的垂 直方向天线端口数量, 例如现在 128阵元天线, 有 64个天线端口, 其中水平方向 16个, 垂直方向 4个, 因而 DBF维数等于 4。
在此, 本发明可通过 UL SRS处理, 每一 AP能够获知 UE选择 的最优波束 ID, UE可利用 SRS (探测参考信号)估计以下信号: 1)UE 自身信号能量; 2 )对于不同数字波束权重, 其他 UE的千扰。 UE可 利用上下行信道的互易性, 在上行接收时, 用不同的 RF 波束 ( DBF0/DBF1 )加权接收信号, 在不同的加权信号下, 估计 UL SRS 信号。 那么就可以得到 UE在不同 RF波束下的接收信号能量。 UE可 以根据接收信号能量来估计自己的发送波束方向(DBF0/DBF1), 并估 计另一个波束方向对自己的千扰。 AP0~AP15仅需承载位于波束 ID 0 上的 UE的数据, AP16~AP31仅需承载位于波束 ID 1上的 UE的数据, 经过 DBF处理后, 波束 ID 0的数据和波束 ID 1的数据进行叠加。
优选地, 设备 1 还包括步骤 S4 (未示出)。 具体地, 在步骤 S4 中, 设备 1将所述 N路数据流经传输接口传输, 其中, 所述传输接口 的维数等于所述天线阵列所确定的水平方向天线端口数量的二倍, 在 步骤 S2中, 设备 1对经所述传输接口输出后的所述 N路数据流进行 垂直方向数字波束形成处理,以将所述 T路数据流按预定规则映射至 相应通道上。
在此, 传输接口的维数是指传输接口的输入端口数量。 例如现在 128阵元天线, 有 64个天线端口, 其中水平方向 16个, 垂直方向 4 个, 因而 CPRI/FH接口数等于 16*2=32。
接着, 在步骤 S3中, 设备 1对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波 束形成处理, 以将每一通道上的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵 元上进行发送。
例如, 还接上例, 每一 Tx数据被模拟波束形成处理后, 被映射 至天线阵列的 2个阵元上, 如图 4所示(其中, ABF表示模拟波束形 成, ΑΕ表示阵元), 如通道 ΤχΟ上的数据流被 ABF模块处理后, 映 射至阵元 ΑΕ0~1上, Txl上的数据流被 ABF模块处理后, 映射至阵 元 AE2~3上, 以此类推, Tx63上的数据流被 ABF模块处理后, 映射 至阵元 ΑΕ126~127上。 在此, 经 ABF模块处理后, 本发明将波束 ID 0与波束 ID1 设计 为几乎正交且全覆盖空间区域, 波束 ID 0上的 UE不会被波束 ID1 千扰,在相同波束 ID上的 UE因基带 MU- MIMO方法实现空间复用。 需要注意的是, 本发明可在软件和 /或软件与硬件的组合体中被实 施, 例如, 可采用专用集成电路(ASIC )、 通用目的计算机或任何其 他类似硬件设备来实现。 在一个实施例中, 本发明的软件程序可以通 过处理器执行以实现上文所述步骤或功能。 同样地, 本发明的软件程 序(包括相关的数据结构)可以被存储到计算机可读记录介质中, 例 如, RAM存储器, 磁或光驱动器或软磁盘及类似设备。 另外, 本发 明的一些步骤或功能可采用硬件来实现, 例如, 作为与处理器配合从 而执行各个步骤或功能的电路。
另外, 本发明的一部分可被应用为计算机程序产品, 例如计算机 程序指令, 当其被计算机执行时, 通过该计算机的操作, 可以调用或 提供根据本发明的方法和 /或技术方案。而调用本发明的方法的程序指 令,可能被存储在固定的或可移动的记录介质中,和 /或通过广播或其 他信号承载媒体中的数据流而被传输,和 /或被存储在根据所述程序指 令运行的计算机设备的工作存储器中。 在此, 根据本发明的一个实施 例包括一个装置, 该装置包括用于存储计算机程序指令的存储器和用 于执行程序指令的处理器, 其中, 当该计算机程序指令被该处理器执 行时, 触发该装置运行基于前述根据本发明的多个实施例的方法和 / 或技术方案。
对于本领域技术人员而言, 显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例 的细节, 而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下, 能够以其 他的具体形式实现本发明。 因此, 无论从哪一点来看, 均应将实施例 看作是示范性的, 而且是非限制性的, 本发明的范围由所附权利要求 而不是上述说明限定, 因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和 范围内的所有变化涵括在本发明内。 不应将权利要求中的任何附图标 记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。 此外, 显然"包括"一词不排除其他单 元或步骤, 单数不排除复数。 装置权利要求中陈述的多个单元或装置 也可以由一个单元或装置通过软件或者硬件来实现。 第一, 第二等词 语用来表示名称, 而并不表示任何特定的顺序。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种用于大规模 MIMO ***的波束形成方法, 其中, 该大规 模 MIMO***中的天线为 M行 N列的天线阵列, 该天线阵列中的每 一天线对中的每个阵元被交叉极化, 其中, 该方法包括以下步骤: a对拟经所述天线阵列传输的 S路数据流进行水平方向基带波束 形成处理, 得到 T路数据流;
b 对所述 T路数据流进行垂直方向数字波束形成处理,以将所述 T路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道上, 其中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满足以下关系:
AP(n)XW_DBF0 + AP(n+16)XW_DBFl =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)、 AP(n+16)分别表示所述 T路数据流中的第 η、 n+16 路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBFl分别表示 AP(n)、 AP(n+16)的数字波 束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+ 1 ,4η+2,4η+3)表示被映射的通道;
c 对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形成处理, 以将每一通道 上的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵元上进行发送。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述步骤 a包括:
- 利用基带 L1层 MU- MIMO对所述 S路数据流进行预编码, 以 对所述 S路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理,得到 T路数据流。
3. 才 据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其中, S为 16, T为 32。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 若 M=N=8, 所述步骤 c 包括:
对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形成处理, 以将每一通道上 的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应两个阵元上进行发送。
5. 才 据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的方法, 其中,该方法还包 括:
- 将所述 N路数据流经传输接口传输, 其中, 所述传输接口的维 数等于所述天线阵列所确定的水平方向天线端口数量的二倍;
其中, 所述步骤 b包括: - 对经所述传输接口输出后的所述 N 路数据流进行垂直方向数 字波束形成处理, 以将所述 T 路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道 上, 其中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满 足以下关系:
AP(n)XW_DBF0 + AP(n+16)XW_DBFl =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)、 AP(n+16)分别表示所述 T路数据流中的第 η、 n+16 路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBFl分别表示 AP(n)、 AP(n+16)的数字波 束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+1 ,4n+2,4n+3)表示被映射的通道。
6. 一种用于大规模 MIMO ***的波束形成设备, 其中, 该大规 模 MIMO***中的天线为 M行 N列的天线阵列, 该天线阵列中的每 一天线对中的每个阵元被交叉极化, 其中, 该设备包括:
基带波束形成装置,用于对拟经所述天线阵列传输的 S路数据流 进行水平方向基带波束形成处理, 得到 T路数据流;
数字波束形成装置,用于对所述 T路数据流进行垂直方向数字波 束形成处理, 以将所述 T路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道上, 其 中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满足以下 关系:
AP(n)XW_DBF0 + AP(n+16)XW_DBFl =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)表示所述 T路数据流中的第 n路数据流, W— DBF0、 W— DBFl表示对应的数字波束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3)表示 被映射的通道;
模拟波束形成装置, 用于对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形 成处理, 以将每一通道上的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应阵元上 进行发送。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的设备, 其中, 所述基带波束形成装置用 于:
- 利用基带 L1层 MU- MIMO对所述 S路数据流进行预编码, 以 对所述 S路数据流进行水平方向基带波束形成处理,得到 T路数据流。
8. 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的设备, 其中, S为 16, T为 32。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的设备, 其中, 若 M=N=8, 所述模拟波 束形成装置用于:
对每一通道上的数据流进行模拟波束形成处理, 以将每一通道上 的数据流映射至所述天线阵列的相应两个阵元上进行发送。
10. 根据权利要求 6至 9中任一项所述的设备, 其中, 该设备还 包括:
传输装置, 用于将所述 N路数据流经传输接口传输, 其中, 所述 传输接口的维数等于所述天线阵列所确定的水平方向天线端口数量 的二倍 ;
其中, 所述数字波束形成装置用于:
- 对经所述传输接口输出后的所述 N 路数据流进行垂直方向数 字波束形成处理, 以将所述 T 路数据流按预定规则映射至相应通道 上, 其中, 该预定规则包括: 所述 T路数据流与其映射的通道之间满 足以下关系:
AP(n)XW_DBF0 + AP(n+16)XW_DBFl =Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3), n=0...S- 1, AP(n)表示所述 T路数据流中的第 n路数据流, W— DBF0、 W_DBF1表示对应的数字波束加权系数, Tx(4n,4n+l,4n+2,4n+3)表示 被映射的通道。
11. 一种基站, 其中, 该基站包括如权利要求 6至 10中任一项所 述的设备。
PCT/IB2017/001714 2016-12-21 2017-12-18 用于大规模mimo***的波束形成的方法和设备 WO2018115974A2 (zh)

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