WO2018113279A1 - 一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地 - Google Patents

一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地 Download PDF

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WO2018113279A1
WO2018113279A1 PCT/CN2017/093358 CN2017093358W WO2018113279A1 WO 2018113279 A1 WO2018113279 A1 WO 2018113279A1 CN 2017093358 W CN2017093358 W CN 2017093358W WO 2018113279 A1 WO2018113279 A1 WO 2018113279A1
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water
constructed wetland
type constructed
wetland
layer
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PCT/CN2017/093358
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English (en)
French (fr)
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彭立新
李伟奇
王永秀
林静
雷志洪
刘旸
张冉
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深圳市碧园环保技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018113279A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018113279A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used

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  • the utility model relates to the field of water purification of landscape water bodies, in particular to an artificial wetland for circulating water purification of landscape water.
  • Landscape water body refers to water bodies, lakes, rivers, fountains, etc. that can regulate the regional microclimate, beautify the environment and coordinate with the surrounding garden landscape to form a landscape.
  • landscape water has become an important part of urban landscape diversity. Whether in China or Europe and America, whether it is a modern garden or a classical garden, waterscapes occupy a pivotal position.
  • landscape water bodies such as urban rivers, park lakes, and community water bodies have become the receiving water bodies of urban rainwater runoff surface source pollution.
  • Due to the small water area of urban landscape water bodies it has strong regional closure, which makes The urban landscape water body gradually becomes “dead water”.
  • the organic excrement and plant decay cause the water body eutrophication to become more and more serious, the water body environmental capacity becomes smaller, the self-purification ability of the water body becomes worse, and the water environment quality will become worse and worse. Pollution control of urban landscape water bodies has received widespread attention.
  • the treatment of landscape water bodies mainly adopts methods such as diversion and water exchange, coagulation and sedimentation, and addition of microbial strains.
  • the cost and operation cost are high, which may cause secondary pollution and the like, and is more suitable as an emergency measure for emergency situations. It cannot be used as a long-term and stable treatment method for landscape water bodies.
  • the utility model overcomes the treatment of the landscape water body in the prior art, and adopts the traditional methods such as diversion and water exchange, coagulation and sedimentation, and addition of microbial strains, and has the problems of high cost and high operating cost, causing secondary pollution, etc.
  • the novel overcomes the above shortcomings and provides a constructed wetland for the purification of landscape water bodies.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the utility model to achieve the object of the invention is: a constructed wetland for circulating water purification in a landscape, the artificial wetland is an alternate artificial wetland combined with a pond type constructed wetland and a bed type constructed wetland, and the pond type artificial In the pool of wetland, gravel layer, submerged plant and floating leaf plant with particle size of 50-80mm are arranged in order from the bottom of the pool to the surface of the pool.
  • the pool of constructed wetland in the bed is provided with the next layer of water collecting perforation from the bottom of the pool to the surface of the pool.
  • the water outlet end is connected with the upper water distribution perforation pipe of the bed type artificial wetland
  • the lower water collection perforation pipe of the bed type artificial wetland is connected with the water inlet end of the landscape water body.
  • the present invention comprises an alternate type constructed wetland combined with a pond type constructed wetland and a bed type constructed wetland, a lower level water collecting perforated pipe of the upper first stage type constructed wetland and a water inlet end of the lower first stage type constructed wetland. connection.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the utility model combines the advantages of the pond type artificial wetland and the bed type constructed wetland, can not only restore the water ecological structure, but also can filter the wetland filling system, improve the pollutant removal efficiency, and inhibit the algae growth. Improve the water quality of the landscape water and improve the operating efficiency of the system.
  • the arrangement of the water distribution pipe of the bed type constructed wetland and the three-layer packing arrangement greatly improve the utilization rate of the wetland filler, reduce the risk of clogging, and improve the efficiency of pollutant removal.
  • the laying of the immobilized microbial filler can fix the microorganisms in the wetland and ensure the stability of the wetland operation effect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • 1 is a pond type constructed wetland
  • 1-1 is a water inlet end
  • 1-2 is a water outlet end
  • 2 is a gravel layer of 50-80 mm
  • 3 is a submerged plant
  • 4 is a floating leaf plant
  • 5 is Bed type constructed wetland
  • 6 is the lower layer water collecting perforated tube
  • 7 is the crushed stone layer with the diameter of 20-40mm
  • 8 is the microbial packing layer with the particle size of 10-20mm
  • 9 is the coarse sand with the particle size of 0-5mm.
  • the layer, 10 is an upper layer water-filled perforated tube
  • 11 is a water-repellent plant layer.
  • the artificial wetland is an alternate artificial wetland in which the pond type constructed wetland 1 and the bed type constructed wetland 5 are combined.
  • the daily processing capacity of the constructed wetland in this embodiment is determined according to the total water volume of the landscape water to be treated, which is determined according to the total water volume of the landscape water to be treated.
  • the specific treatment amount is determined according to the self-purification condition of the water body to be treated, and the self-purification capacity is stronger, and the treated water volume accounts for the total water volume. The smaller the ratio.
  • the pool of the pond type constructed wetland 1 is provided with a gravel layer 2, a submerged plant 3 and a floating leaf plant 4 having a particle size of 50-80 mm from the bottom of the pool to the surface of the pool.
  • the pond type constructed wetland of the present embodiment has a water depth of 0.5 to 1.5 m, and a gravel layer 2 having a thickness of 10 to 20 cm is laid at the bottom of the wetland.
  • Wetland planting plants are mainly submerged plants, mainly including bitter grass, spirulina, goldfish, and eyed vegetables. The planting area is more than 70%, and localized can be dotted with water lily, rhubarb and other floating leaf plants 4 to enrich the wetland landscape.
  • the number of herbivorous fish and snails should be controlled in pond-type constructed wetland 1 and benthic animals such as shrimp and crab can be properly stocked.
  • the polluted landscape water is pumped from the inlet end 1-1 into the pond-type constructed wetland.
  • the hydraulic retention time does not exceed 12 hours.
  • the contaminated landscape water mainly removes suspended pollutants through sedimentation and plant interception.
  • submerged water The plant 3 and the floating leaf plant 4 absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage, inhibit the growth of the algae, and improve the transparency of the water body.
  • the pool of the bed type constructed wetland 5 is provided with a lower collecting pipe 6 from the bottom of the pool to the surface of the pool, a gravel layer having a particle size of 20-40 mm, a microbial packing layer having a particle size of 10-20 mm, and a particle size of A coarse sand layer 9 of 0-5 mm, a water-filled perforated pipe 10 of the upper layer, and a water-repellent plant layer 11 are provided.
  • the water-producing plants 11 mainly include canna, windmill grass, re-flower, and iris, and the planting area is over 80%.
  • the upper water distribution perforation pipe 10 is arranged on the upper part of the coarse sand layer 9 having a particle diameter of 0-5 mm, and the water outlet hole is not ensured. It is blocked by coarse sand, and the sewage passes through the wetland packing layer from top to bottom, and is collected by the lower water collecting perforated pipe 6 at the bottom of the wet ground and discharged.
  • the laying of the coarse sand layer 9 has a thickness of 20 to 40 cm.
  • the microbial packing layer 8 is prepared by microbial immobilization technology, and the carrier is porous volcanic stone or ceramsite material, and the immobilized microbial filler can better participate in water purification, reduce the loss of microorganisms, and ensure the wetland treatment effect to some extent.
  • Stability, laying thickness is 30 ⁇ 50cm.
  • the gravel layer 7 is located at the bottom of the packing and is laid to a thickness of 40-60 cm. The construction process must ensure that each layer of packing is kept level to ensure uniform distribution of sewage in the longitudinal direction of the wetland and reduce the risk of clogging.
  • the water outlet end 1-2 of the pond type constructed wetland 1 is connected to the upper layer water distribution perforated pipe 10 of the bed type constructed wetland 5 through a pipeline, and the water level of the pond type constructed wetland 1 is at least 20 cm higher than that of the bed type constructed wetland.
  • the sewage flowing out from the outlet end 1-2 of the pond type constructed wetland 1 flows uniformly into the bed type constructed wetland 5 through the outlet hole of the upper layer water distribution perforated pipe 10, and sequentially flows through the coarse sand layer having a particle diameter of 0-5 mm.
  • the microbial filler layer 8 of 10-20 mm and the gravel layer 7 with a particle size of 20-40 mm further remove organic pollutants, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like from the sewage by intercepting the filler, microbial degradation and adsorption of the filler.
  • the reduction of nutrients can reduce the level of eutrophication of water bodies and further inhibit the growth of algae.
  • the lower water collecting perforated pipe 6 of the bed type constructed wetland 5 is connected to the inlet end of the landscape water body.
  • the sewage treated by the bed type constructed wetland 5 is collected by the lower layer water collecting perforated pipe 6 and discharged into the landscape water body.
  • the present embodiment preferably includes an alternate type of constructed wetland in which the pond type constructed wetland 1 and the bed type constructed wetland 5 are combined in multiple stages, and the lower layer of collected water in the upper first stage type constructed wetland 5
  • the perforated pipe 6 is connected to the water inlet end 1-1 of the next-stage pond type constructed wetland 1, and the sewage collected by the lower layer water collecting perforated pipe 6 reaches the standard and is discharged into the landscape water body.
  • the preferred bed type constructed wetland 5 of the present embodiment adopts two manual and automatic control modes, and the bed type constructed wetland 5 includes two or more inlet water control modules. And alternate pulse operation, improving the operating efficiency of the wetland.
  • the embodiment combines the advantages of the pond type constructed wetland and the bed type constructed wetland, and helps to restore the water ecological structure, restore the self-purification ability of the water body, and realize the ecological restoration of the polluted water body.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地，为塘式人工湿地与床式人工湿地结合的交替型人工湿地，塘式人工湿地从池底至池面依次设有粒径为50-80mm的碎石层、沉水植物和浮叶植物，床式人工湿地从池底至池面依次设有下层集水穿孔管、粒径为20-40mm的碎石层、粒径为10-20mm的微生物填料层、粒径为0-5mm的粗砂层、上层配水穿孔管和挺水植物层，塘式人工湿地的出水端与床式人工湿地的上层配水穿孔管连接，床式人工湿地的下层集水穿孔管与景观水体的进水端连接。采用这种人工湿地，克服了景观水体采用引水换水、混凝沉淀以及投加微生物菌种等方法存在的成本及运行费用较高，会造成二次污染等问题，实现了污染水体的生态修复，适合于景观水体的长期水质改善和保持。

Description

一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地 技术领域
本实用新型涉及景观水体水质净化领域，尤其涉及一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地。
背景技术
景观水体是指能调节区域小气候，美化环境并与周边的园林景观相协调形成景观的水面、湖泊、河流、喷泉等水体。随着城镇化发展的加快，生活水平的提高，景观水体已成为城市景观多样性的重要组成部分，无论是在中国还是在欧美，无论是现代花园还是古典园林，水景都占据着举足轻重的地位。随着城市的发展建设，城市河流、公园湖泊、小区水体等景观水体成为城市雨水径流面源污染的受纳水体，同时由于城市景观水体水域面积一般较小，具有较强的区域封闭性，使得城市景观水体逐渐变成“死水”，其中的有机***物、植物腐烂等导致水体富营养化日趋严重，水体环境容量变小，本身的自净能力变差，水环境质量也会越来越差，城市景观水体的污染控制已受到人们的广泛关注。目前针对景观水体的处理，主要采用引水换水、混凝沉淀以及投加微生物菌种等方法，存在成本及运行费用较高，会造成二次污染等问题，更适合作为紧急情况的应急措施，并不能作为景观水体的长期稳定的处理方式。
实用新型内容
本实用新型克服了现有技术中的景观水体的处理，采用引水换水、混凝沉淀以及投加微生物菌种等传统方法存在成本及运行费用较高、会造成二次污染等问题，本实用新型克服了上述缺点，提供了一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地。
本实用新型实现发明目的采用的技术方案是：一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地，所述的人工湿地为塘式人工湿地与床式人工湿地结合的交替型人工湿地，所述的塘式人工湿地的池内从池底至池面依次设有粒径为50-80mm的碎石层、沉水植物和浮叶植物，床式人工湿地的池内从池底至池面依次设有下层集水穿孔管、粒径为20-40mm的碎石层、粒径为10-20mm的微生物填料层、粒径为0-5mm的粗砂层、上层配水穿孔管和挺水植物层，塘式人工湿地的出水端与床式人工湿地的上层配水穿孔管连接，床式人工湿地的下层集水穿孔管与景观水体的进水端连接。
进一步的，包括多级所述的塘式人工湿地与床式人工湿地组合的交替型人工湿地，上一级床式人工湿地的下层集水穿孔管与下一级塘式人工湿地的进水端连接。
本实用新型的有益效果是：本实用新型结合了塘式人工湿地与床式人工湿地的优点，既能够恢复水生态结构，又能够通过湿地填料***的过滤，提高污染物去除效率，抑制藻类生长，改善景观水体水质，提高了***的运行效率。另一方面，床式人工湿地的配水管布置方式，三层填料设置，极大的提高了湿地填料的利用率，降低了堵塞风险，提高了污染物去除效率。固定化微生物填料的铺设，能够对湿地中的微生物起到固定作用，保证了湿地运行效果的稳定性。
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步的描述。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。
附图中，1为塘式人工湿地、1-1为进水端、1-2为出水端、2为50-80mm的碎石层、3为沉水植物、4为浮叶植物、5为床式人工湿地、6为下层集水穿孔管、7为粒径为20-40mm的碎石层、8为粒径为10-20mm的微生物填料层、9为粒径为0-5mm的粗砂层、10为上层配水穿孔管、11为挺水植物层。
具体实施方式
如附图1所示，本实施例的一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地，所述的人工湿地为塘式人工湿地1与床式人工湿地5结合的交替型人工湿地。本实施例的人工湿地日处理量按照待处理景观水体总水量的1/12～1/7确定，具体处理量根据待处理景观水体自身自净条件确定，自净能力越强，处理水量占总水量的比例越小。
所述的塘式人工湿地1的池内从池底至池面依次设有粒径为50-80mm的碎石层2、沉水植物3和浮叶植物4。本实施例的塘式人工湿地1水深0.5～1.5m，湿地底部铺设厚度为10～20cm的碎石层2。湿地种植植物以沉水植物3为主，主要包括苦草、黑藻、金鱼藻、眼子菜等，种植面积70％以上，局部可点缀睡莲、菱等浮叶植物4，丰富湿地景观。塘式人工湿地1内应控制食草性鱼类和螺的数量，可适当放养虾、蟹等底栖动物。受污染景观水经水泵提升从进水端1-1进入塘式人工湿地1，水力停留时间不超过12小时，受污染景观水经沉淀和植物的拦截作用主要去除悬浮污染物，同时，沉水植物3和浮叶植物4吸收污水中的氮磷等营养物质，抑制藻类生长，提高水体透明度。
床式人工湿地5的池内从池底至池面依次设有下层集水穿孔管6、粒径为20-40mm的碎石层7、粒径为10-20mm的微生物填料层8、粒径为0-5mm的粗砂层9、上层配水穿孔管10和挺水植物层11。挺水植物11主要包括美人蕉、风车草、再力花、鸢尾等，种植面积80％以上。上层配水穿孔管10布置在粒径为0-5mm的粗砂层9的上部，并保证出水孔不 被粗砂堵塞，污水由上向下通过湿地填料层，经湿地底部的下层集水穿孔管6收集后排出。粗砂层的铺设9厚度为20～40cm。微生物填料层8采用微生物固定化技术制得，其载体为多孔火山石或陶粒材料，固定化微生物填料能够更好地参与水质净化，减少了微生物的流失，一定程度上保证了湿地处理效果的稳定性，铺设厚度为30～50cm。碎石层7位于填料最下方，铺设厚度为40-60cm。施工过程必须保证每层填料保持水平，确保污水在湿地纵向的配水均匀，降低堵塞风险。
塘式人工湿地1的出水端1-2通过管道与床式人工湿地5的上层配水穿孔管10连接，塘式人工湿地1的水位应至少高于床式人工湿地水位20cm。从塘式人工湿地1的出水端1-2流出的污水经上层配水穿孔管10的出水孔均匀流入床式人工湿地5，并依次流经粒径为0-5mm的粗砂层9、粒径为10-20mm的微生物填料层8和粒径为20-40mm的碎石层7，通过填料的拦截、微生物的降解以及填料的吸附作用进一步去除污水中的有机物、氮、磷等污染物，同时营养物质的减少可降低水体富营养化水平，进一步抑制藻类生长。床式人工湿地5的下层集水穿孔管6与景观水体的进水端连接。经床式人工湿地5处理后的污水经下层集水穿孔管6收集后排入景观水体。如果处理后的污水还不达标，本实施例优选的包括多级所述的塘式人工湿地1与床式人工湿地5组合的交替型人工湿地，上一级床式人工湿地5的下层集水穿孔管6与下一级塘式人工湿地1的进水端1-1连接，当下层集水穿孔管6收集的污水达标后再排入景观水体。
为了优化运行方式，提高湿地填料的利用率，降低堵塞风险，本实施例优选的床式人工湿地5采用手动和自动两种控制方式，床式人工湿地5包括两个及以上的进水控制模块并交替脉冲运行，提高了湿地的运行效率。
本实施例结合了塘式人工湿地与床式人工湿地的优点，有助于恢复水生态结构，恢复水体自净能力，实现污染水体的生态修复。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地，其特征在于，所述的人工湿地为塘式人工湿地(1)与床式人工湿地(5)结合的交替型人工湿地，所述的塘式人工湿地(1)的池内从池底至池面依次设有粒径为50-80mm的碎石层(2)、沉水植物(3)和浮叶植物(4)，床式人工湿地(5)的池内从池底至池面依次设有下层集水穿孔管(6)、粒径为20-40mm的碎石层(7)、粒径为10-20mm的微生物填料层(8)、粒径为0-5mm的粗砂层(9)、上层配水穿孔管(10)和挺水植物层(11)，塘式人工湿地(1)的出水端(1-2)与床式人工湿地(5)的上层配水穿孔管(10)连接，床式人工湿地(5)的下层集水穿孔管(6)与景观水体的进水端连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地，其特征在于，包括多级所述的塘式人工湿地(1)与床式人工湿地(5)组合的交替型人工湿地，上一级床式人工湿地(5)的下层集水穿孔管(6)与下一级塘式人工湿地(1)的进水端(1-1)连接。
PCT/CN2017/093358 2016-12-23 2017-07-18 一种景观水体循环净化的人工湿地 WO2018113279A1 (zh)

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CN110330170A (zh) * 2019-06-04 2019-10-15 深圳市碧园环保技术有限公司 一种四级耦合水处理生态***
CN111018252A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-17 中煤紫光湖北环保科技有限公司 一种多功能复合型人工湿地污水处理***
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CN114149081A (zh) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-08 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种多功能湖泊滨岸生态湿地***及运行方法
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CN116553738A (zh) * 2023-06-09 2023-08-08 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种用于净化流动水体的湿地***及流动水体的净化方法

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CN109295922A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-02-01 华川技术有限公司 一种构建深潭浅滩的生态滤坝
CN109734191A (zh) * 2019-03-07 2019-05-10 北京正和恒基滨水生态环境治理股份有限公司 浮动湿地及其用途
CN110330170A (zh) * 2019-06-04 2019-10-15 深圳市碧园环保技术有限公司 一种四级耦合水处理生态***
CN111018252A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-17 中煤紫光湖北环保科技有限公司 一种多功能复合型人工湿地污水处理***
CN111167191A (zh) * 2020-03-10 2020-05-19 陈琳 一体化污水处理***
CN114149081A (zh) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-08 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种多功能湖泊滨岸生态湿地***及运行方法
CN112266140A (zh) * 2020-11-24 2021-01-26 河南永泽环境科技有限公司 一种人工湿地生物膜耦合铁碳微电解填料
CN112266140B (zh) * 2020-11-24 2023-04-25 河南永泽环境科技有限公司 一种人工湿地生物膜耦合铁碳微电解填料
CN112592000A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-02 河南永泽环境科技有限公司 一种雨水公园循环回用水处理***
CN112592000B (zh) * 2020-12-23 2023-04-25 河南永泽环境科技有限公司 一种雨水公园循环回用水处理***
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CN113582450A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-02 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 用于黑臭水体治理的生态砾石床和植物碎石床组合体系
CN114804359A (zh) * 2022-05-05 2022-07-29 南京工业大学 一种景观水体的水循环自净化***及方法
CN115159664A (zh) * 2022-06-21 2022-10-11 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种cabr生物床及低浊度、控藻的水体生态构建方法和污染水体修复***
CN115490400A (zh) * 2022-10-11 2022-12-20 长江生态环保集团有限公司 一种适用于山地的人工湿地净化***
CN116553738A (zh) * 2023-06-09 2023-08-08 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种用于净化流动水体的湿地***及流动水体的净化方法
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