WO2018111128A1 - Способ регулирования отбора мощности ветродвигателя - Google Patents
Способ регулирования отбора мощности ветродвигателя Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018111128A1 WO2018111128A1 PCT/RU2016/000868 RU2016000868W WO2018111128A1 WO 2018111128 A1 WO2018111128 A1 WO 2018111128A1 RU 2016000868 W RU2016000868 W RU 2016000868W WO 2018111128 A1 WO2018111128 A1 WO 2018111128A1
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- Prior art keywords
- wind
- value
- wind turbine
- power
- speed
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0264—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0272—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor by measures acting on the electrical generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
- F03D7/043—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the type of control logic
- F03D7/044—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller characterised by the type of control logic with PID control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
- H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/006—Means for protecting the generator by using control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/009—Circuit arrangements for detecting rotor position
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/06—Control effected upon clutch or other mechanical power transmission means and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/08—Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/105—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for increasing the stability
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/107—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for limiting effects of overloads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
- F05B2270/1032—Torque
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
- F05B2270/1033—Power (if explicitly mentioned)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/20—Purpose of the control system to optimise the performance of a machine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
- H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2103/00—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator
- H02P2103/20—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator of the synchronous type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the invention relates to wind energy and can be used to create and modify wind power plants (wind turbines) in order to increase their efficiency.
- US4695736 presents a control method and a wind turbine structure that implements it.
- the method is based on torque control in accordance with a graph that determines the speed of the generator relative to the measured generated power in order to increase the efficiency of the wind installation.
- a current (torque) task is generated in the direction of decreasing the speed.
- the power will correspond to a higher rotational speed, and the wind turbine will accelerate.
- the disadvantage of this method is the need to use a predefined schedule, a priori different from the actual performance of the wind turbine.
- the objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of wind turbines in a wide range of wind conditions, including at low values of average annual wind speed (3-6 m / s).
- the technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the conversion coefficient of wind energy in the entire range of operating speeds of wind turbines.
- the technical result of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that the method of controlling the power take-off of the wind turbine, including controlling the speed of the wind turbine in the entire range of operating wind speeds in accordance with the algorithm for finding the optimal rotational speed, which estimates the change in the generated energy over a given time interval when the rotational speed changes and sets the new value of the rotation speed based on the obtained values, and when the wind speed is higher than the calculated one, respectively at the rated power value, it provides stabilization of the electromagnetic moment on the shaft of a synchronous electric generator, while controlling the rotational speed over the entire range of operating wind speeds is carried out by a wind turbine power take-off system consisting of a permanent magnet synchronous electric generator mounted on the same shaft as the wind turbine; own power supply of electronic devices connected directly to the output of an electric machine; an active rectifier with a sensorless vector control implemented by a microprocessor programmable controller that provides the ability to
- a ballast load with PWM switching is provided, which allows you to smoothly control the power removed by the BN and reduce the voltage across the capacitor to an acceptable level without interrupting the operation of the power supply and energy transfer to the consumer.
- the synchronous electric generator (4) has a disk design with permanent magnets with axial magnetization, consisting of a rotor with two coaxial disks located on both sides of the stator and rigidly connected to each other, which allows better use of the active the volume of the toroidal stator, reduce the reaction of the armature and the path of the magnetic flux, thereby reducing specific losses, and also improve the manufacturability of synchronous about an electric generator, to simplify docking with a wind turbine, while using a stator-less ring annular magnetic circuit allows to reduce the moment of static resistance of a synchronous electric generator and to reduce the time of wind turbine breakdown.
- an adjustable wind turbine power take-off system consisting of a synchronous permanent magnet electric generator, an active rectifier with a microprocessor controller, a power supply unit, a braking system, a ballast load and a step-down converter.
- a control method is implemented that provides an increase in the coefficient of conversion of wind energy over the entire range of operating speeds and stabilizes the electromagnetic moment on the generator shaft when the wind speed is higher than the calculated one, corresponding to the rated power value.
- the control method is based on controlling the speed of the wind turbine in accordance with the algorithm for finding the optimal speed, which evaluates the change in the generated energy at a given time interval and sets the new speed value.
- FIG. 1 General structure of a wind turbine
- FIG. 2 Structure of a power take-off system of a wind turbine
- the numbers indicate the following positions: 1 - wind turbine; 2 - power take-off system; 3 - consumer of generated electricity: 4 - synchronous electric generator; 5 - power supply; 6 - microprocessor controller; 7 - braking system; 8 - active rectifier; 9 - ballast load; 10 - step-down converter; positions 11-19 indicate the blocks of the operation algorithm of the wind turbine power take-off control system; positions 20 - 22 - blocks of the functional diagram of the speed controller; positions 23-29 - blocks of the functional diagram of the control of the active rectifier.
- Figure 1 shows the general structure of a wind power installation consisting of a wind turbine (1) connected to a power take-off control system (2), which transfers the generated electricity to the consumer (3).
- the wind turbine (1) creates a torque M in on the shaft in accordance with its characteristics and the characteristics of the wind flow.
- the wind turbine power take-off system (2) generates an electromagnetic moment M e on the shaft, converting the mechanical energy of the wind turbine (1) into electricity of the voltage U n and current ⁇ ⁇ required for the consumer (3).
- a battery of a given voltage or a network inverter can be considered.
- FIG. 2 shows the structure of the wind turbine (VD) power take-off system, consisting of a synchronous electric generator (SG) (4) mounted on the same shaft as the VD with a power supply unit (PS) connected at the SG output (5).
- the microprocessor controller (MPC) (6) controls the operation of the braking system (ST) connected to the windings of the SG (7); the operation of an active rectifier (AB) (8) with phase current sensors connected to the input C A ,
- the wind turbine power take-off system includes power, measuring and control devices, the main purpose of which is to control the rotational speed of the wind turbine in accordance with the algorithm for finding the optimal rotational speed, which estimates the change in the generated energy and sets a new value for the rotational speed.
- the microprocessor programmable controller implements vector control of the active rectifier, generating pulse-width modulated (PWM) signals PWM1 in accordance with the value of the rotation angle a of the rotor of the synchronous electric generator.
- PWM pulse-width modulated
- a power supply connected directly to the output of a synchronous electric generator provides low-voltage power to electronic devices.
- the braking system makes a step-by-step stop of the synchronous electric generator upon the command of the microprocessor programmable controller when the threshold voltage value U m is exceeded or the wind turbine emergency stops in case of failure of one of the devices of the HP power take-off system.
- the step-down converter maintains the voltage in the DC link on the capacitor C 0 between the active rectifier and the step-down converter in a given range of values of U m according to the readings of the voltage sensor ⁇ due to the regulation of current /
- Ballast load with a capacity of not less than the rated power of a synchronous electric generator, under the control of a microprocessor programmable controller, removes excess electricity in case of exceeding the specified value of C p .
- the claimed method of regulating the power take-off of a wind turbine provides an increase in the coefficient of conversion of wind energy in the entire range of wind turbine operating speeds and stabilizes the electromagnetic moment on the generator shaft at a wind speed higher than the calculated one corresponding to the rated power value.
- the control method is based on controlling the speed of the wind turbine in accordance with the algorithm for finding the optimal speed, which evaluates the change in the generated energy at a given time interval and sets the new speed value.
- the power take-off system implements three main operating modes:
- the IPC is switched SG windings.
- in-phase sinusoidal emf with a predetermined amplitude currents in the generator phases, / A, / B, / s, that minimizes the losses in the windings and forming SG optimum speed shaft SG according to the developed algorithm.
- the phase and sinusoidal currents are provided by vector control.
- An active rectifier converts the EMF of the SG and alternating phase currents / A , / v , / s into a constant output current / in with a voltage U in on the capacitor C 0 .
- PWM signals PWM3 and PWM2 with IPC with BN connection PWM signals PWM3 and PWM2 with IPC with BN connection.
- the VD creates a torque on the shaft M in exceeding the nominal value of the electromagnetic moment M e of a synchronous electric generator.
- the rotational speed of the SG becomes higher than the nominal one and the AB starts to work in the diode bridge mode. In this case, the amount of electric power coming from the AV output exceeds the nominal value and the PP is not able to stabilize the voltage U in on the capacitor C 0
- the PWM2 PWM signal is generated by the MPC, which connects the ballast load and, according to the testimony of DT1, generates a current l in at the AV output, which creates a nominal electromagnetic moment M e - In case the created moment
- M e exceeds M in acting on the shaft of the SG and VD, the speed decreases and the wind turbine goes into operation mode 1. If the created moment e is not enough for braking the SG, the rotation frequency of the SG increases, the EMF of the SG increases and, according to the readings of the MP, the MPC transmits signal s1 to the ST, after which the ST produces stepwise braking of the SG and VD.
- the formation of currents AB and the charging of the capacitor C 0 are stopped, while the PP continues to generate electricity, which leads to a decrease in the voltage p by the DN below the specified value.
- the windings of the synchronous generator remain shorted until the voltage drops below the set value, after which the wind turbine goes into operating mode 2 with a ballast load.
- Fig.3 presents an algorithm for finding the optimal rotational speed of a wind turbine.
- the algorithm is based on the search for the optimal speed by changing the average value of the generated energy over a given time interval.
- Block (11) sets the initial parameters: E p - total
- Block (12) "Energy” obtained at the last iteration of the cycle, m> pL is the set speed at the last iteration of the cycle, w req is the set speed at this iteration of the cycle, k is the number of passes of the cycle.
- Block (12) the number of passes with a given limit value is compared.
- Block (13) sets the time delay per cycle.
- Block (14) gives q values of the components by voltage U q and current I q .
- Block (15) adds to the value of the total “energy” E nievalue at a given iteration of the cycle.
- Block (16) increases the counter of passes and when the limit value is reached, block (17) is executed, which compares the product of the change in “energy” and speed between the past and the current iteration with zero.
- a value greater than zero means that the speed has increased and the value of "energy” has increased, or the speed decreased and the value of “energy” also decreased, therefore, it is necessary to increase the frequency of rotation, which is performed by block (18).
- a value less than zero means that the rotational speed has decreased, and the “energy” value has increased, or the rotational speed has increased, and the “energy” value has decreased, therefore, it is necessary to reduce the rotational speed of the wind turbine, which is performed by block (19).
- FIG. 4 shows a functional diagram of the speed controller.
- the vector control scheme is implemented.
- the adder (20) calculates the difference between the set value of the rotational speed w req and the actual w rot , the difference value is sent to the block (21), which is a PI controller.
- Block (22) provides a limitation of the task of the current l q req in the range from zero to the nominal value of the electric machine, in order to avoid putting it into motor mode and not exceed the permissible current value.
- FIG. 5 shows the functional diagram of the control of the active rectifier.
- the values of the measured phase currents arrive at the block (23) that implements the Park-Clark transform.
- the obtained values of the d - q components are sent to blocks (24) and (25), in which the set values are subtracted from the actual values and converted by the PID controllers (26) and (27).
- the reference values for each phase are restored and based on them, in block (29), control pulses are generated that arrive at the active rectifier.
- the phase voltages U A ⁇ l U B are determined, which are supplied to the rotor angle calculation unit (30).
- the angle value is supplied to the integrator (31) and is set as the initial value of the angle of rotation of the rotor, based on which the transformations are performed in blocks (23) and (28).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EA201890021A EA038900B1 (ru) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | Способ регулирования отбора мощности ветродвигателя |
CN201680043768.4A CN108474349B (zh) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | 调整风力涡轮机取力器的方法 |
CA3000240A CA3000240A1 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | The method of adjusting wind turbine power take-off |
JP2019552442A JP2020502989A (ja) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | 風力タービン動取出の調節方法 |
BR112018012666-7A BR112018012666A2 (pt) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | método para ajustar a tomada de força de turbina eólica |
KR1020187002037A KR102050174B1 (ko) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | 풍력 터빈 파워 인출을 조정하는 방법 |
PCT/RU2016/000868 WO2018111128A1 (ru) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | Способ регулирования отбора мощности ветродвигателя |
EP16919587.2A EP3382198A4 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | PROCESS FOR ADJUSTING THE STARTING PERFORMANCE OF A WIND TURBINE |
US15/944,896 US20180226908A1 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2018-04-04 | Method and system for adjusting wind turbine power take-off |
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CN111980869A (zh) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-24 | 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 | 漂浮式双叶轮风电机组转速与浮台运动控制的解耦方法 |
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RU2750080C1 (ru) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-06-22 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта" (БФУ им. И. Канта) | Система управления ветрогенератором |
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- 2016-12-13 KR KR1020187002037A patent/KR102050174B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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- 2016-12-13 JP JP2019552442A patent/JP2020502989A/ja active Pending
- 2016-12-13 EP EP16919587.2A patent/EP3382198A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-12-13 BR BR112018012666-7A patent/BR112018012666A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
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JP2020502989A (ja) | 2020-01-23 |
US20180226908A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
KR20180088628A (ko) | 2018-08-06 |
EA201890021A1 (ru) | 2019-11-29 |
EP3382198A1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
BR112018012666A2 (pt) | 2018-12-04 |
KR102050174B1 (ko) | 2020-01-08 |
CA3000240A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
CN108474349A (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
EA038900B1 (ru) | 2021-11-03 |
CN108474349B (zh) | 2021-10-15 |
EP3382198A4 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
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