WO2018107187A1 - Method of erecting a multilayer exterior wall of a building - Google Patents

Method of erecting a multilayer exterior wall of a building Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018107187A1
WO2018107187A1 PCT/AM2017/000004 AM2017000004W WO2018107187A1 WO 2018107187 A1 WO2018107187 A1 WO 2018107187A1 AM 2017000004 W AM2017000004 W AM 2017000004W WO 2018107187 A1 WO2018107187 A1 WO 2018107187A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
facing elements
frame
installing
polyurethane foam
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AM2017/000004
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ara PETROSYAN
Harutyun PETROSYAN
Ashot ALAVERDYAN
Original Assignee
Petrosyan Ara
Petrosyan Harutyun
Alaverdyan Ashot
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Petrosyan Ara, Petrosyan Harutyun, Alaverdyan Ashot filed Critical Petrosyan Ara
Publication of WO2018107187A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018107187A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/885—Curtain walls comprising a supporting structure for flush mounted glazing panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7604—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only fillings for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7679—Means preventing cold bridging at the junction of an exterior wall with an interior wall or a floor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to construction, namely to methods of erecting multilayer exterior walls of residential, public and industrial buildings.
  • Known multilayer cast-in-place wall comprises outer and inner layers of non-removable formwork, which are connected by rod bracings and/or load-bearing framework, between which a monolithic layer of heat- insulating filler is placed.
  • the outer layer of the non-removable formwork is made of tiles, while the rod bracings and/or load-bearing framework are fitted up with external bearing elements made of metal profiles to which tiles of the outer layer are attached.
  • Tiles of the outer layer are made of one of the following materials: ceramics, ceramic granite, fiber cement, concrete. Profiles for outer bearing elements are made in the form of an 1- beam or a channel. Polystyrene concrete or foam concrete is used as a heat-insulating filler of a monolithic layer (utility model patent RU 30148, IPC E04B2/00, published on 20.06.2003).
  • the closest to the declared solution is the method of erecting an exterior multilayer wall of a building, which includes a floor-by-floor installation of outer layer of prefabricated panels, fixing these panels to the bearing structure of the building with metallic bonds, sequential mounting of the intermediate heat-insulating layer from inside the building, thus forming a ventilated air gap and inner layer.
  • the prefabricated light decorative outer panel is fixed from inside the building by means of "G-shaped" brackets and bolts to a pre-made floor-by-floor metal load-bearing framework, after which the intermediate heat-insulating layer is installed by attaching it to a metal mesh fixed to the inner side of the facing (patent for invention RU 2335606, IPC E04B2/88, published on 10.10.2008).
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the method of erecting a wall, increase the sound-proofing and thermal-insulating properties, water resistance, fire and seismic safety, frost resistance and reduce the weight of the erected wall.
  • the essence of the invention is a method of erecting an exterior multilayer wall of a building, which includes mounting of a metal frame, installing an outer layer of facing elements, sequential mounting from inside the building of an intermediate insulating layer and an inner layer.
  • a metal frame when mounting the metal frame from outside the building profiles are fixed to the end of the concrete floor decks with a gap, forming an outer metal frame in the form of a light metal thin-walled structure.
  • Inner metal frame is formed through fixing profiles to concrete floor decks.
  • the facing elements are set up so that a gap remains between the inner surface of the facing elements and the outer surface of the profile of the outer frame.
  • a layer of polyurethane foam is sprayed under pressure onto the inner surface of the feeing elements until the cavities between the polyurethane foam layer and the back side of the facing elements disappear. Polyurethane foam is then added layer by layer until the space between the facing elements and inner frame is filled.
  • sheet elements of internal use are fixed to the inner frame.
  • Figure 1 shows the face side of the exterior wall erected by the proposed method, while Figure 2 depicts section A-A shown on the Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a close-up picture of the attachment point of the channel to the concrete floor deck from the front, highlighted in Figure 1 by a dashed ellipse.
  • Figure 4 shows section B-B in Figure 1. and Figure 5 is section C-C of Figure 3 after all four stages of installation.
  • the mounting of the outer metal frame was made by means of cold formed, thin-walled galvanized U-shaped channels ( 1 ) of 93x53x2 mm in size.
  • the gap (5) between the concrete floor (2) and the channel ( 1 ) compensates for the construction inaccuracies in the concrete frame of the building, and also helps to reduce the cold joints, thus leading to an increase in thermal insulation.
  • Channels ( 1 ) are fixed at a pitch of 400-600 mm.
  • Mounting of the internal metal frame is carried out according to Knauf standards. Cold formed thin-walled galvanized profiles (7) of 50x50x0.6 mm have been used for this purpose, which are fixed on the surface of floors according to Knauf standard with a pitch of 400-600 mm.
  • the gap between the outer and inner metal frame is 200 mm.
  • the facing elements (8) are fastened to the corners (9) fixed to U- shaped channels ( 1 ) in such a way that a gap (10) of 10 mm is left between the inner surface of the facing (8) and outer surface of U-shaped channel ( 1 ) to reduce the cold joints.
  • a layer of polyurethane foam ( 14) is sprayed under pressure onto the inner surface of the facing (8) until there are no free cavities between the polyurethane foam layer ( 14) and the back side of the facing (8).
  • Polyurethane foam is then added layer by layer until the space between the facing and the inner metal frame is completely filled.
  • the width of this space is 200 mm, and the polyurethane foam is sprayed under a pressure of 150 atm.
  • Polyurethane foam is applied layer by layer, giving each successive layer approximately 20 seconds to "set".
  • the inner layer is installed in the form of 10 mm thick fiber cement sheets ( 15) in accordance with Knauf standard.
  • an intermediate layer is usually formed after the inner layer has been assembled, i.e. in fact we get a non-removable formwork.
  • origination of free cavities between the intermediate layer and the outer facing layer is inevitable, and it leads to moisture penetration.
  • Spraying of polyurethane foam under high pressure prior to installation of the inner layer allows to completely eliminate the origination of such cavities.
  • the proposed method of erecting an exterior wall is applicable for any structural schemes of the load-bearing frame of a building (reinforced concrete, metal, wood, etc.).
  • the technical effect of the proposed invention manifests itself both in the method of erecting a wall, and in a number of advantages of the wall itself.
  • the method is cost-effective and does not require much time for wall mounting, since lightweight galvanized metal studs and dry installation are used (there are no wet processes).
  • the entire process of wall erection is carried out from inside, there is no need for scaffolding from outside of the building, which significantly raises the efficiency of this method.
  • the resulting three-layered wall has low weight, high thermal-insulating and sound-proofing properties, fire safety, frost resistance and a long service life (over 35 years).
  • Water resistance is significantly increased due to the absence of free cavities between the layer of polyurethane foam and the back side of the facing.
  • the level of seismic safety is also essentially increased because of the lightness and flexibility of the structure and elasticity of the polyurethane, as well as due to the fact that, in case of facing destruction, pieces of the destroyed facing plates do not fall to the ground, but remain glued to the wall due to very high adhesion of the polyurethane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

According to this method, when mounting the metal frame (1) from outside the building profiles are fixed to the end of the concrete floor decks (2) with a gap (5), forming an outer metal frame (1) in the form of a light metal thin-walled structure. Inner metal frame (7) is formed through fixing profiles to concrete floor decks (2). When installing the outer layer, the facing elements (8) are set up so that a gap (5) remains between the inner surface of the facing elements (8) and the outer surface of the profile of the outer frame (1). When installing the intermediate insulation layer, a layer of polyurethane foam (14) is sprayed under pressure onto the inner surface of the facing elements (8) until the cavities between the polyurethane foam layer (14) and the back side of the facing elements (8) disappear. Polyurethane foam (14) is then added layer by layer until the space between the facing elements (8) and the inner frame (7) is filled. When installing the inner layer, sheet elements (15) of internal use are fixed to the inner frame.The method of erecting a wall is simplified, weight of the wall is reduced, and performance characteristics of the wall are improved.

Description

Method of erecting a multilayer exterior wall of a building
Technical Field
The invention relates to construction, namely to methods of erecting multilayer exterior walls of residential, public and industrial buildings.
Background Art
Known multilayer cast-in-place wall comprises outer and inner layers of non-removable formwork, which are connected by rod bracings and/or load-bearing framework, between which a monolithic layer of heat- insulating filler is placed. The outer layer of the non-removable formwork is made of tiles, while the rod bracings and/or load-bearing framework are fitted up with external bearing elements made of metal profiles to which tiles of the outer layer are attached. Tiles of the outer layer are made of one of the following materials: ceramics, ceramic granite, fiber cement, concrete. Profiles for outer bearing elements are made in the form of an 1- beam or a channel. Polystyrene concrete or foam concrete is used as a heat-insulating filler of a monolithic layer (utility model patent RU 30148, IPC E04B2/00, published on 20.06.2003).
The disadvantages of this analogue are the relative complexity, heavy weight, insufficient thermal insulation and high cost of construction caused by additional metallic bonds of the outer and inner layers, use of polystyrene concrete or foam concrete as an intermediate layer, and absence of gaps to reduce the cold joints.
The closest to the declared solution is the method of erecting an exterior multilayer wall of a building, which includes a floor-by-floor installation of outer layer of prefabricated panels, fixing these panels to the bearing structure of the building with metallic bonds, sequential mounting of the intermediate heat-insulating layer from inside the building, thus forming a ventilated air gap and inner layer. The prefabricated light decorative outer panel is fixed from inside the building by means of "G-shaped" brackets and bolts to a pre-made floor-by-floor metal load-bearing framework, after which the intermediate heat-insulating layer is installed by attaching it to a metal mesh fixed to the inner side of the facing (patent for invention RU 2335606, IPC E04B2/88, published on 10.10.2008).
The disadvantage of the prior art lies both in the above mentioned shortcomings and high vapor permeability due to the presence of a ventilated air gap. Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to simplify the method of erecting a wall, increase the sound-proofing and thermal-insulating properties, water resistance, fire and seismic safety, frost resistance and reduce the weight of the erected wall.
The essence of the invention is a method of erecting an exterior multilayer wall of a building, which includes mounting of a metal frame, installing an outer layer of facing elements, sequential mounting from inside the building of an intermediate insulating layer and an inner layer. According to the invention, when mounting the metal frame from outside the building profiles are fixed to the end of the concrete floor decks with a gap, forming an outer metal frame in the form of a light metal thin-walled structure. Inner metal frame is formed through fixing profiles to concrete floor decks. When installing the outer layer, the facing elements are set up so that a gap remains between the inner surface of the facing elements and the outer surface of the profile of the outer frame. When installing the intermediate insulation layer, a layer of polyurethane foam is sprayed under pressure onto the inner surface of the feeing elements until the cavities between the polyurethane foam layer and the back side of the facing elements disappear. Polyurethane foam is then added layer by layer until the space between the facing elements and inner frame is filled. When installing the inner layer, sheet elements of internal use are fixed to the inner frame.
Brief Description of Drawings
Figure 1 shows the face side of the exterior wall erected by the proposed method, while Figure 2 depicts section A-A shown on the Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a close-up picture of the attachment point of the channel to the concrete floor deck from the front, highlighted in Figure 1 by a dashed ellipse.
Figure 4 shows section B-B in Figure 1. and Figure 5 is section C-C of Figure 3 after all four stages of installation.
Mode for Carrying out the Invention
In an example of particular implementation, the mounting of the outer metal frame was made by means of cold formed, thin-walled galvanized U-shaped channels ( 1 ) of 93x53x2 mm in size. Mounting of the outer metal frame to the ends of concrete floor decks (2) from the outside of the building with a gap of 10 mm is carried out by means of a laid-on corner (3) of 63x63x2 mm and two anchor bolts (4) d = 10, L = 1 00 mm. The gap (5) between the concrete floor (2) and the channel ( 1 ) compensates for the construction inaccuracies in the concrete frame of the building, and also helps to reduce the cold joints, thus leading to an increase in thermal insulation. The corner (3) is fixed to the channel ( 1 ) by means of three bolts (6) d = 6, L = 20 mm. Channels ( 1 ) are fixed at a pitch of 400-600 mm. Mounting of the internal metal frame is carried out according to Knauf standards. Cold formed thin-walled galvanized profiles (7) of 50x50x0.6 mm have been used for this purpose, which are fixed on the surface of floors according to Knauf standard with a pitch of 400-600 mm. In the example of particular implementation, the gap between the outer and inner metal frame is 200 mm.
At the second stage, the facing elements (8) are fastened to the corners (9) fixed to U- shaped channels ( 1 ) in such a way that a gap (10) of 10 mm is left between the inner surface of the facing (8) and outer surface of U-shaped channel ( 1 ) to reduce the cold joints. Bent galvanized laid-on corners of 50x40x2 mm were used in the example of particular implementation, while tuff plates of 600x300x25 mm in size were used as facing material, which were fixed from inside to the corner (9) by means of screws ( 1 1 ) with glue L = 1 5 mm. To ensure a stable and even surface of the facing, when necessary, jointing of the facing slabs is done by fixing from the inside a laid-on galvanized strip ( 1 3) of 60x50x 1 ,2 in size by means of screws ( 12) L = 15 mm d = 3.
At the third stage, a layer of polyurethane foam ( 14) is sprayed under pressure onto the inner surface of the facing (8) until there are no free cavities between the polyurethane foam layer ( 14) and the back side of the facing (8). Polyurethane foam is then added layer by layer until the space between the facing and the inner metal frame is completely filled. In the example of particular implementation the width of this space is 200 mm, and the polyurethane foam is sprayed under a pressure of 150 atm. Polyurethane foam is applied layer by layer, giving each successive layer approximately 20 seconds to "set".
At the fourth stage, the inner layer is installed in the form of 10 mm thick fiber cement sheets ( 15) in accordance with Knauf standard.
It stands to reason that the scope of the present invention, described in the patent claim, is not limited to the given example of a particular implementation. In particular, almost any materials suitable for facing can be used to form the outer layer, and any materials suitable for internal use can be used to form the inner layer.
It should be noted that an intermediate layer is usually formed after the inner layer has been assembled, i.e. in fact we get a non-removable formwork. In this case, origination of free cavities between the intermediate layer and the outer facing layer is inevitable, and it leads to moisture penetration. Spraying of polyurethane foam under high pressure prior to installation of the inner layer allows to completely eliminate the origination of such cavities.
The proposed method of erecting an exterior wall is applicable for any structural schemes of the load-bearing frame of a building (reinforced concrete, metal, wood, etc.). The technical effect of the proposed invention manifests itself both in the method of erecting a wall, and in a number of advantages of the wall itself. The method is cost-effective and does not require much time for wall mounting, since lightweight galvanized metal studs and dry installation are used (there are no wet processes). In addition, since the entire process of wall erection is carried out from inside, there is no need for scaffolding from outside of the building, which significantly raises the efficiency of this method. The resulting three-layered wall has low weight, high thermal-insulating and sound-proofing properties, fire safety, frost resistance and a long service life (over 35 years).
Water resistance is significantly increased due to the absence of free cavities between the layer of polyurethane foam and the back side of the facing. The level of seismic safety is also essentially increased because of the lightness and flexibility of the structure and elasticity of the polyurethane, as well as due to the fact that, in case of facing destruction, pieces of the destroyed facing plates do not fall to the ground, but remain glued to the wall due to very high adhesion of the polyurethane.

Claims

Claims
A method of erecting a multilayer exterior wall of a building, which includes mounting of a metal frame, installing an outer layer of facing elements, sequential mounting from inside the building of an intermediate insulating layer and an inner layer, characterized in that, when mounting the metal frame from outside the building profiles are fixed to the end of the concrete floor decks with a gap, forming an outer metal frame in the form of a light metal thin-walled structure, while inner metal frame is formed through fixing profiles to concrete floor decks. When installing the outer layer, the facing elements are set up so that a gap remains between the inner surface of the facing elements and the outer surface of the profile of the outer frame. When installing the intermediate insulation layer, a layer of polyurethane foam is sprayed under pressure onto the inner surface of the facing elements until the cavities between the polyurethane foam layer and the back side of the facing elements disappear. Polyurethane foam is then added layer by layer until the space between the facing elements and the inner frame is filled. When installing the inner layer, sheet elements of internal use are fixed to the inner frame.
PCT/AM2017/000004 2016-12-15 2017-07-25 Method of erecting a multilayer exterior wall of a building WO2018107187A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AM20160121 2016-12-15
AMAM20160121 2016-12-15

Publications (1)

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WO2018107187A1 true WO2018107187A1 (en) 2018-06-21

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110359677A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-10-22 青岛东建建设有限公司 External wall in-situ spraying polyurethane foamed thermal-insulating construction technology
CN110748048A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-04 东阳市智林科技有限公司 Building outer wall fully-hidden frame glass curtain wall and dismounting method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2153293A1 (en) * 1995-07-05 1997-01-06 Gaston Landry Wall Insulation Structure
RU30148U1 (en) 2003-03-27 2003-06-20 Михайлов Сергей Александрович Sandwich wall
RU2335606C1 (en) 2007-01-15 2008-10-10 Лидия Константиновна Казанцева External sandwich wall of building and method of its erection
FR2925543A1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-26 Saint Gobain Isover Sa SEMI-RIDEAU FACADE

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2153293A1 (en) * 1995-07-05 1997-01-06 Gaston Landry Wall Insulation Structure
RU30148U1 (en) 2003-03-27 2003-06-20 Михайлов Сергей Александрович Sandwich wall
RU2335606C1 (en) 2007-01-15 2008-10-10 Лидия Константиновна Казанцева External sandwich wall of building and method of its erection
FR2925543A1 (en) * 2007-12-19 2009-06-26 Saint Gobain Isover Sa SEMI-RIDEAU FACADE

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110359677A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-10-22 青岛东建建设有限公司 External wall in-situ spraying polyurethane foamed thermal-insulating construction technology
CN110748048A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-04 东阳市智林科技有限公司 Building outer wall fully-hidden frame glass curtain wall and dismounting method thereof

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