WO2018103076A1 - 一种激光电弧复合焊接方法 - Google Patents
一种激光电弧复合焊接方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018103076A1 WO2018103076A1 PCT/CN2016/109236 CN2016109236W WO2018103076A1 WO 2018103076 A1 WO2018103076 A1 WO 2018103076A1 CN 2016109236 W CN2016109236 W CN 2016109236W WO 2018103076 A1 WO2018103076 A1 WO 2018103076A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of welding technology, in particular to a laser arc hybrid welding method.
- the existing arc welding process has the following defects: 1.
- the molten pool is easy to cool rapidly during the welding process, resulting in the welding is not strong; 2. Due to the high welding time requirement, the operation is slightly slower, which will cause the welding rod to melt too much. If the molten pool is too large, it will cause waste of materials and unevenness of the welded joints. 3.
- the welds after welding are uneven, not strong, and are easily corroded due to large surface area.
- a laser arc hybrid welding method comprising the following steps:
- S1 Surface treatment of the workpiece: sanding is performed on the surface of the welded workpiece by using sandpaper to remove impurities on the surface, and then a layer of welding protective liquid is applied for protection;
- S3 connecting the arc welding device: disconnecting the power of the arc welding device, electrically connecting the cathode welding rod of the arc welding device, and electrically connecting the anode of the arc welding device to the workpiece;
- S4 Start the laser welding equipment: align the workpiece to be welded with the welding groove, and then test the welding rod and the workpiece connected in the previous step at the position of the opened welding groove port. After the arc is generated, the welding rod is separated from the workpiece 1- 2 cm, then contact to release the arc, each contact time is controlled for 1-3 seconds, during the contact process, the electrode moves along the welding groove to the other end, while the arc welding is carried out, the laser welding equipment is turned on, and the control is performed. The laser beam follows the position of the arc, and when the electrode moves to the end of the welding groove, the power of the arc welding device and the power of the laser welding device are turned off;
- the cross section of the soldering groove in the step S2 is V-shaped or U-shaped.
- the welding protective liquid components used in the steps S1 and S2 are: 20% copper oxide powder, 10% aluminum powder, 50% dilute hydrochloric acid having a mass concentration of 12%, and 20% rosin powder.
- the welding rod and the laser beam are kept inclined during the welding, the inclination angles should be equal, both are 70-80 degrees, and the error of the welding rod and the laser beam inclination angle is controlled within 10 degrees.
- the anti-corrosion treatment adopted in the step S6 is performed by means of electroplating or painting.
- the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention can delay the curing of the molten pool by adopting the method that the laser and the arc conform to the welding, which provides valuable time for the technician to operate, and because the molten pool delays curing, It can prevent the electrode from melting too much, and it is easy to connect two workpieces to be welded, so that it is stronger after welding.
- the molten pool can be filled in the welding tank, thereby reducing the molten pool.
- the volume which reduces the redundant metal on the outside of the weld, makes the weld surface flat and therefore more durable and reduces corrosion.
- the invention provides a technical solution: a laser arc hybrid welding method, the method comprising the following steps:
- S1 Surface treatment of the workpiece: sanding is performed on the surface of the welded workpiece by using sandpaper to remove impurities on the surface, and then a layer of welding protective liquid is applied for protection;
- S3 connecting the arc welding device: disconnecting the power of the arc welding device, electrically connecting the cathode welding rod of the arc welding device, and electrically connecting the anode of the arc welding device to the workpiece;
- S4 Start the laser welding equipment: align the workpiece to be welded with the welding groove, and then test the welding rod and the workpiece connected in the previous step at the position of the opened welding groove port. After the arc is generated, the welding rod is separated from the workpiece by 1 cm. Then, the contact release arc is performed, and the contact time is controlled for 1 second each time, and the electrode is moved along the welding groove to the other end during the contact process, and the laser welding device is turned on to control the laser beam to follow the arc while the arc welding is being performed. The position moves, turning off the power of the arc welding equipment and the power of the laser welding equipment when the electrode moves to the end of the welding tank;
- step S1 the surface of the workpiece is polished using M7 sandpaper, and then M1.5 is used.
- the sandpaper is finely ground.
- the cross section of the welding groove in step S2 is V-shaped or U-shaped.
- the components of the solder resist liquid used in the steps S1 and S2 are: 20% of copper oxide powder, 10% of aluminum powder, 50% of dilute hydrochloric acid having a mass concentration of 12%, and 20% of rosin powder.
- step S4 during the welding, the welding rod and the laser beam are kept inclined during the welding, the inclination angles should be equal, both are 70 degrees, and the error of the welding rod and the laser beam inclination angle is controlled within 10 degrees.
- the anti-corrosion treatment employed in step S6 is performed by electroplating.
- the invention provides a technical solution: a laser arc hybrid welding method, the method comprising the following steps:
- S1 Surface treatment of the workpiece: sanding is performed on the surface of the welded workpiece by using sandpaper to remove impurities on the surface, and then a layer of welding protective liquid is applied for protection;
- S3 connecting the arc welding device: disconnecting the power of the arc welding device, electrically connecting the cathode welding rod of the arc welding device, and electrically connecting the anode of the arc welding device to the workpiece;
- S4 Start the laser welding equipment: align the workpiece to be welded with the welding groove, and then test the welding rod and the workpiece connected in the previous step at the position of the opened welding groove port. After the arc is generated, the welding rod is separated from the workpiece by 1.5 cm. Then, the contact release arc is performed, and the contact time is controlled for 2 seconds. During the contact process, the electrode is moved along the welding groove to the other end. At the same time as the arc welding is performed, the laser welding device is turned on to control the laser beam to follow the arc. The position moves, turning off the power of the arc welding equipment and the power of the laser welding equipment when the electrode moves to the end of the welding tank;
- step S1 the surface of the workpiece is first polished using M7 sandpaper, and then finely ground using M1.5 sandpaper.
- the cross section of the welding groove in step S2 is V-shaped or U-shaped.
- the components of the solder resist liquid used in the steps S1 and S2 are: 20% of copper oxide powder, 10% of aluminum powder, 50% of dilute hydrochloric acid having a mass concentration of 12%, and 20% of rosin powder.
- step S4 during the welding, the welding rod and the laser beam are kept inclined during the welding, the inclination angles should be equal, both are 75 degrees, and the error of the welding rod and the laser beam inclination angle is controlled within 10 degrees.
- the anti-corrosion treatment used in step S6 is carried out by means of painting.
- the invention provides a technical solution: a laser arc hybrid welding method, the method comprising the following steps:
- S1 Surface treatment of the workpiece: sanding is performed on the surface of the welded workpiece by using sandpaper to remove impurities on the surface, and then a layer of welding protective liquid is applied for protection;
- S3 connecting the arc welding device: disconnecting the power of the arc welding device, electrically connecting the cathode welding rod of the arc welding device, and electrically connecting the anode of the arc welding device to the workpiece;
- S4 Start the laser welding equipment: align the workpiece to be welded with the welding groove, and then test the welding rod and the workpiece connected in the previous step at the position of the opened welding groove port. After the arc is generated, the welding rod is separated from the workpiece by 2 cm. Then, the contact release arc is performed, and the contact time is controlled for 3 seconds. During the contact process, the electrode is moved along the welding groove to the other end. At the same time as the arc welding is performed, the laser welding device is turned on to control the laser beam to follow the arc. The position moves, turning off the power of the arc welding equipment and the power of the laser welding equipment when the electrode moves to the end of the welding tank;
- step S1 the surface of the workpiece is first polished using M7 sandpaper, and then finely ground using M1.5 sandpaper.
- the cross section of the welding groove in step S2 is V-shaped or U-shaped.
- the components of the solder resist liquid used in the steps S1 and S2 are: 20% of copper oxide powder, 10% of aluminum powder, 50% of dilute hydrochloric acid having a mass concentration of 12%, and 20% of rosin powder.
- step S4 during the welding, the welding rod and the laser beam are kept inclined during the welding, the inclination angles should be equal, both are 80 degrees, and the error of the welding rod and the laser beam inclination angle is controlled within 10 degrees.
- the anti-corrosion treatment adopted in step S6 is performed by means of electroplating or painting.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，该方法包括以下步骤：S1：工件表面处理；S2：开设焊接槽；S3：连接电弧焊接设备；S4：启动激光焊接设备；S5：水雾淬火处理；S6：焊缝处理。通过采用激光与电弧复合焊接的方式，能够延缓熔池的固化，防止焊条融化过多，便于连接两个被焊接的工件。通过采用开槽的方式对工件进行处理，能够使熔池填充在焊接槽内，从而减小熔池的体积，减少焊缝外侧冗余的金属，从而使焊缝表面平整，因此更加耐用且减少腐蚀。
Description
本发明涉及焊接工艺领域，具体为一种激光电弧复合焊接方法。
现有的电弧焊接工艺存在以下缺陷：1.在焊接的过程中熔池容易快速冷却，导致焊接不坚固；2.由于焊接的时间要求很高，操作稍微慢一点，就会导致焊条融化过多，熔池过大，既造成浪费材料，又造成焊接处不平整；3.焊接之后的焊缝凹凸不平，不坚固，并且由于表面积较大，容易被腐蚀。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S1：工件表面处理：在焊接工件的表层使用砂纸进行打磨，除去表面的杂质，然后涂布一层焊接防护液，进行保护；
S2：开设焊接槽：使用切割机在工件的表面切割出焊接槽，然后再刷一层焊接防护液，静置5-10分钟；
S3：连接电弧焊接设备：将电弧焊接设备的电源断开，将电弧焊接设备的阴极焊条电性连接，将电弧焊接设备的阳极与工件电性连接；
S4：启动激光焊接设备：将待焊接的工件与焊接槽对准，然后将上一步连接好的焊条和工件在开设的焊接槽端口位置进行试触，待产生电弧之后，将焊条离开工件1-2厘米，然后再进行接触释放电弧，每次接触时间控制在1-3秒，在接触的过程中使焊条沿着焊接槽向另一端移动，在电弧焊接进行的同时，开启激光焊接设备，控制激光束跟随电弧的位置移动，当焊条移动到焊接槽末端时，关闭电弧焊接设备的电源和激光焊接设备的电源；
S5：水雾淬火处理：在上一步即将结束时，开启喷雾器，当焊接过程结束之后，使用喷雾器对焊接槽的位置进行喷雾冷却，处理1-3分钟，之后关闭喷雾器；
S6：焊缝处理：将焊接槽表面的药皮使用锤子敲掉，再使用打磨设备对焊缝的两侧进行打磨，处理掉焊接过程中溅射出来的金属珠之后，然后在表面进行防腐蚀处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中先使用M7的砂纸对工件表面进行打磨，然后再使用M1.5的砂纸进行细磨。
优选的，所述步骤S2中焊接槽的剖面呈V字型，或者U字型。
优选的，所述步骤S1和S2中使用的焊接防护液成分为：氧化铜粉20％、铝粉10％、质量浓度为12％的稀盐酸50％、松香粉末20％。
优选的，所述步骤S4中在焊接时，焊条和激光束在焊接的过程中保持倾斜，倾斜角度应当相等，均为70-80度，且焊条和激光束倾角的误差控制在10度以内。
优选的，所述步骤S6中采用的防腐蚀处理采用电镀的方式或者喷漆的方式。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过采用激光与电弧符合焊接的方式，能够延缓熔池的固化，为技术员进行操作提供了宝贵的时间，并且由于熔池延缓固化，能够防止焊条融化过多，便于连接两个被焊接的工件，这样焊接之后，更加坚固，通过采用开槽的方式对工件进行处理，能够使熔池填充在焊接槽内，从而减小熔池的体积，减少焊缝外侧冗余的金属，从而使焊缝表面平整，因此更加耐用且减少腐蚀。
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所
描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
本发明提供一种技术方案：一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S1：工件表面处理：在焊接工件的表层使用砂纸进行打磨，除去表面的杂质，然后涂布一层焊接防护液，进行保护；
S2：开设焊接槽：使用切割机在工件的表面切割出焊接槽，然后再刷一层焊接防护液，静置5分钟；
S3：连接电弧焊接设备：将电弧焊接设备的电源断开，将电弧焊接设备的阴极焊条电性连接，将电弧焊接设备的阳极与工件电性连接；
S4：启动激光焊接设备：将待焊接的工件与焊接槽对准，然后将上一步连接好的焊条和工件在开设的焊接槽端口位置进行试触，待产生电弧之后，将焊条离开工件1厘米，然后再进行接触释放电弧，每次接触时间控制在1秒，在接触的过程中使焊条沿着焊接槽向另一端移动，在电弧焊接进行的同时，开启激光焊接设备，控制激光束跟随电弧的位置移动，当焊条移动到焊接槽末端时，关闭电弧焊接设备的电源和激光焊接设备的电源；
S5：水雾淬火处理：在上一步即将结束时，开启喷雾器，当焊接过程结束之后，使用喷雾器对焊接槽的位置进行喷雾冷却，处理1.5分钟，之后关闭喷雾器；
S6：焊缝处理：将焊接槽表面的药皮使用锤子敲掉，再使用打磨设备对焊缝的两侧进行打磨，处理掉焊接过程中溅射出来的金属珠之后，然后在表面进行防腐蚀处理。
其中，步骤S1中先使用M7的砂纸对工件表面进行打磨，然后再使用M1.5
的砂纸进行细磨。步骤S2中焊接槽的剖面呈V字型，或者U字型。步骤S1和S2中使用的焊接防护液成分为：氧化铜粉20％、铝粉10％、质量浓度为12％的稀盐酸50％、松香粉末20％。步骤S4中在焊接时，焊条和激光束在焊接的过程中保持倾斜，倾斜角度应当相等，均为70度，且焊条和激光束倾角的误差控制在10度以内。步骤S6中采用的防腐蚀处理采用电镀的方式。
实施例二
本发明提供一种技术方案：一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S1：工件表面处理：在焊接工件的表层使用砂纸进行打磨，除去表面的杂质，然后涂布一层焊接防护液，进行保护；
S2：开设焊接槽：使用切割机在工件的表面切割出焊接槽，然后再刷一层焊接防护液，静置8分钟；
S3：连接电弧焊接设备：将电弧焊接设备的电源断开，将电弧焊接设备的阴极焊条电性连接，将电弧焊接设备的阳极与工件电性连接；
S4：启动激光焊接设备：将待焊接的工件与焊接槽对准，然后将上一步连接好的焊条和工件在开设的焊接槽端口位置进行试触，待产生电弧之后，将焊条离开工件1.5厘米，然后再进行接触释放电弧，每次接触时间控制在2秒，在接触的过程中使焊条沿着焊接槽向另一端移动，在电弧焊接进行的同时，开启激光焊接设备，控制激光束跟随电弧的位置移动，当焊条移动到焊接槽末端时，关闭电弧焊接设备的电源和激光焊接设备的电源；
S5：水雾淬火处理：在上一步即将结束时，开启喷雾器，当焊接过程结束之后，使用喷雾器对焊接槽的位置进行喷雾冷却，处理2分钟，之后关闭喷雾器；
S6：焊缝处理：将焊接槽表面的药皮使用锤子敲掉，再使用打磨设备对焊缝的两侧进行打磨，处理掉焊接过程中溅射出来的金属珠之后，然后在表
面进行防腐蚀处理。
其中，步骤S1中先使用M7的砂纸对工件表面进行打磨，然后再使用M1.5的砂纸进行细磨。步骤S2中焊接槽的剖面呈V字型，或者U字型。步骤S1和S2中使用的焊接防护液成分为：氧化铜粉20％、铝粉10％、质量浓度为12％的稀盐酸50％、松香粉末20％。步骤S4中在焊接时，焊条和激光束在焊接的过程中保持倾斜，倾斜角度应当相等，均为75度，且焊条和激光束倾角的误差控制在10度以内。步骤S6中采用的防腐蚀处理采用喷漆的方式。
实施例三
本发明提供一种技术方案：一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S1：工件表面处理：在焊接工件的表层使用砂纸进行打磨，除去表面的杂质，然后涂布一层焊接防护液，进行保护；
S2：开设焊接槽：使用切割机在工件的表面切割出焊接槽，然后再刷一层焊接防护液，静置10分钟；
S3：连接电弧焊接设备：将电弧焊接设备的电源断开，将电弧焊接设备的阴极焊条电性连接，将电弧焊接设备的阳极与工件电性连接；
S4：启动激光焊接设备：将待焊接的工件与焊接槽对准，然后将上一步连接好的焊条和工件在开设的焊接槽端口位置进行试触，待产生电弧之后，将焊条离开工件2厘米，然后再进行接触释放电弧，每次接触时间控制在3秒，在接触的过程中使焊条沿着焊接槽向另一端移动，在电弧焊接进行的同时，开启激光焊接设备，控制激光束跟随电弧的位置移动，当焊条移动到焊接槽末端时，关闭电弧焊接设备的电源和激光焊接设备的电源；
S5：水雾淬火处理：在上一步即将结束时，开启喷雾器，当焊接过程结束之后，使用喷雾器对焊接槽的位置进行喷雾冷却，处理3分钟，之后关闭喷雾器；
S6：焊缝处理：将焊接槽表面的药皮使用锤子敲掉，再使用打磨设备对焊缝的两侧进行打磨，处理掉焊接过程中溅射出来的金属珠之后，然后在表面进行防腐蚀处理。
其中，步骤S1中先使用M7的砂纸对工件表面进行打磨，然后再使用M1.5的砂纸进行细磨。步骤S2中焊接槽的剖面呈V字型，或者U字型。步骤S1和S2中使用的焊接防护液成分为：氧化铜粉20％、铝粉10％、质量浓度为12％的稀盐酸50％、松香粉末20％。步骤S4中在焊接时，焊条和激光束在焊接的过程中保持倾斜，倾斜角度应当相等，均为80度，且焊条和激光束倾角的误差控制在10度以内。步骤S6中采用的防腐蚀处理采用电镀的方式或者喷漆的方式。
对上述三组实施例、单独激光焊接工艺和单独的电弧焊接工艺进行对比试验，使用直径一厘米的钢条与厚度一厘米直径10厘米的圆形钢板进行焊接，然后对焊缝的强度分别进行测定，得出如下表格：
从上表的实验数据可知，本方案的焊接工艺焊接之后的强度更高，因此具有较好的推广价值。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (6)
- 一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：S1：工件表面处理：在焊接工件的表层使用砂纸进行打磨，除去表面的杂质，然后涂布一层焊接防护液，进行保护；S2：开设焊接槽：使用切割机在工件的表面切割出焊接槽，然后再刷一层焊接防护液，静置5-10分钟；S3：连接电弧焊接设备：将电弧焊接设备的电源断开，将电弧焊接设备的阴极焊条电性连接，将电弧焊接设备的阳极与工件电性连接；S4：启动激光焊接设备：将待焊接的工件与焊接槽对准，然后将上一步连接好的焊条和工件在开设的焊接槽端口位置进行试触，待产生电弧之后，将焊条离开工件1-2厘米，然后再进行接触释放电弧，每次接触时间控制在1-3秒，在接触的过程中使焊条沿着焊接槽向另一端移动，在电弧焊接进行的同时，开启激光焊接设备，控制激光束跟随电弧的位置移动，当焊条移动到焊接槽末端时，关闭电弧焊接设备的电源和激光焊接设备的电源；S5：水雾淬火处理：在上一步即将结束时，开启喷雾器，当焊接过程结束之后，使用喷雾器对焊接槽的位置进行喷雾冷却，处理1-3分钟，之后关闭喷雾器；S6：焊缝处理：将焊接槽表面的药皮使用锤子敲掉，再使用打磨设备对焊缝的两侧进行打磨，处理掉焊接过程中溅射出来的金属珠之后，然后在表面进行防腐蚀处理。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中先使用M7的砂纸对工件表面进行打磨，然后再使用M1.5的砂纸进行细磨。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2中焊接槽的剖面呈V字型，或者U字型。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，其特征在于：所 述步骤S1和S2中使用的焊接防护液成分为：氧化铜粉20％、铝粉10％、质量浓度为12％的稀盐酸50％、松香粉末20％。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S4中在焊接时，焊条和激光束在焊接的过程中保持倾斜，倾斜角度应当相等，均为70-80度，且焊条和激光束倾角的误差控制在10度以内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光电弧复合焊接方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S6中采用的防腐蚀处理采用电镀的方式或者喷漆的方式。
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