WO2018101930A1

WO2018101930A1 - Skin care composition having skin protection and damage repairing properties

Info

Publication number: WO2018101930A1
Application number: PCT/US2016/064173
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pilar Duque; Patricia FINN; Jonghyuk Yoon
Original assignee: Cgtn C.V.
Priority date: 2016-11-30
Filing date: 2016-11-30
Publication date: 2018-06-07

Abstract

A topical composition comprising (a) an extract of bidens pilosa; (b) isoprenylcysteine; (c) dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt; and (c) a dermatologically acceptable carrier is disclosed. The isoprenylcysteine has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 10 %; and the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt has a concentration from about 0.01 % to about 5 %. A method of using the topical composition to treat an area of skin to reduce DNA fragmentation is also disclosed.

Description

SKIN CARE COMPOSITION HAVING SKIN PROTECTION AND DAMAGE REPAIRING PROPERTIES

PRIOR RELATED APPLICATIONS

Not Applicable ("N/A")

FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH STATEMENT

N/A

REFERENCE TO MICROFICHE APPENDIX

N/A

FIELD OF INVENTION

[0001] This disclosure relates in general to topical skin care compositions and methods for application to human skin and, in particular, but not by way of limitation, to skin care composition comprising plant extracts for improving the condition and appearance of skin.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0002] Skin is subject to deterioration through dermatological disorders, environmental abuse (wind, air conditioning, central heating) or through the normal aging process (chrono-aging) which may be accelerated by exposure of skin to sun (photo-aging). In recent years the demand for cosmetic compositions and cosmetic methods for improving the appearance and condition of skin has grown enormously.

[0003] Consumers are increasingly seeking "anti-aging" cosmetic products which treat or delay the visible signs of chrono-aging and photo-aging skin such as wrinkles, lines, sagging, hyperpigmentation, and age spots.

[0004] Consumers also frequently seek other benefits from cosmetic products in addition to anti-aging. The concept of "sensitive skin" has also raised the consumer demand for cosmetic products which improve the appearance and condition of sensitive, dry, rough and/or flaky skin and to soothe red, irritated and/or itchy skin. Consumers also desire cosmetic products which treat spots, pimples, blemishes etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] In embodiments of the present invention, concentrations are given in weight percent (%) of the total composition, unless specifically stated otherwise (e.g. , weight/volume percent (w/v %)). All ratios are weight ratios, unless specifically stated otherwise. Any and all ranges include any range or value within the provided range, unless specifically stated otherwise. The number of significant digits conveys neither a limitation on the indicated amounts nor on the accuracy of the measurements.

[0006] In an embodiment, a topical composition may comprise:

(a) an extract of bidens pilosa;

(b) an isoprenylcysteine;

(c) a dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt; and

(d) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.

[0007] In an embodiment, the isoprenylcysteine is a compound of formula:

and any variations thereof, including any and all isomers, enantiomers, and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the isoprenylcysteine, wherein R is an aliphatic group and X is hydrogen, sodium, potassium.

[0008] In an embodiment, the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7, 11,15,19- pentamethyl-eicos-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

and any variations thereof, including all isomers, enantiomers and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7, 11,15,19- pentamethyl-eicos-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt.

[0009] In an embodiment, the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7, 11,15- tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

and any variations thereof, including all isomers, enantiomers and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7,l l,15- tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt.

[0010] In an embodiment, the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7,l l- trimethyl-dodec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

and any variations thereof, including all isomers, enantiomers and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7,l l-trimethyl- dodec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt.

[0011] In an embodiment, the isoprenylcysteine is Disodium Trimethyldodecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, Disodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine and/or Disodium Pentamethyleicosenyl Succinoyl Cysteine.

[0012] In an embodiment, the isoprenylcysteine has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 10 %. In an embodiment, the isoprenylcysteine has a concentration of about 0.05

%.

[0013] In an embodiment, the diali hoxybenzoic acid or salt of formula:

and any variations thereof, including any and all isomers, enantiomers, and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt, wherein R' and R" are aliphatic groups and X is hydrogen, sodium, or potassium.

[0014] In an embodiment, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt is 3,4- Dimethoxybenzoic acid or salt.

[0015] In an embodiment, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 5 %. In an embodiment, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt has a concentration of about 0.5 %.

[0016] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise adenosine. [0017] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise cocos nucifera (coconut) oil.

[0018] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise sucrose polycottonseedate.

[0019] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise theobroma cacao (cocoa) seed butter.

[0020] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise panthenol.

[0021] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise saccharum officinarum extract.

[0022] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise chondus crispus extract.

[0023] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise dimethicone.

[0024] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise tocopheryl acetate.

[0025] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate.

[0026] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise centella asiatica extract.

[0027] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root extract.

[0028] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise butyrospermum parki (shea) butter.

[0029] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise macadamia integrifolia seed oil.

[0030] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise dimethiconol.

[0031] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise macadamia ternifolia seed oil.

[0032] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise ceramide 3.

[0033] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise ubiquinone.

[0034] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise camellia sinensis (green tea) leaf extract. [0035] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise one or more of aloe barbadensis leaf juice powder or water, natural or synthetic albumen, glycerine, plumeria acutifolia flower extract and ricinius communis (castor) seed oil.

[0036] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise one or more of mauritia flexuosa fruit oil, elaeis guineessis (palm) oil, gossypium herbaceum (cotton) seed oil, linum usitatissimum (linseed) seed oil and tocopherol.

[0037] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise one or more caprylyl glycol, caprylic/capric triglyceride, cucumis sativus (cucumber) fruit extract and phenylpropanol.

[0038] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise jojoba esters and tocopherol.

[0039] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise one or more of leuconostoc/radish root ferment filtrate, lonicera caprifolium (honeysuckle) flower extract, lonicera japonica (honeysuckle) flower extract, populous tremuloides bark extract and gluconolacetone.

[0040] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise glycerine and pancratium maritimum extract.

[0041] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise one of more of palmitoyl dipeptide-5, diaminobuyyroyl hydroxythreonine, and palmitoyl dipeptide-5 diamino hydro xybutyrate.

[0042] In an embodiment, the topical composition may further comprise one or more of avobenzone, octinoxate, octisalate, octocrylene and homosalate.

[0043] In an embodiment, a method for treating an area of skin to reduce DNA fragmentation induced by ultraviolet radiation may comprise:

(a) topically applying a composition to the area of skin, the composition comprising:

(i) an extract of bidens pilosa;

(ii) an isoprenylcysteine;

(iii) a dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt; and

(iv) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.

[0044] In an embodiment, the method may comprise any composition described herein. [0045] In an embodiment, the method may further comprise cleansing the area of the skin prior to applying the composition.

[0046] In an embodiment, the method may further comprise applying the composition once daily in the morning.

[0047] In an embodiment, the method may further comprise applying the composition once daily in the evening.

[0048] In an embodiment, the method may further comprise applying the composition once in the morning and once in the evening.

[0049] In an embodiment, the method may further comprise applying the composition as needed for moisturizing the area of skin.

[0050] In an embodiment, the method may further comprise applying the composition for treating the area of skin to reduce appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, discoloration, uneven texture, enlarged pores, aging or loose skin.

[0051] Other aspects, features, and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are a part of this disclosure and which illustrate, by way of example, principles of the inventions disclosed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] For a further understanding of the nature and objects of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed disclosure, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like parts are given like reference numerals, and wherein:

[0053] FIG. 1 is a table according to one illustrative embodiment of a composition or complex that may be used either in the morning or at night, but preferably in the morning; and

[0054] FIG. 2 is a table according to one illustrative embodiment of a composition that may be used either in the morning or at night, but preferably at night.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0055] The following detailed description of various embodiments of the present invention references the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. While the illustrative embodiments of the invention have been described with particularity, it will be understood that various other modifications will be apparent to and can be readily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the scope of the claims appended hereto be limited to the examples and descriptions set forth herein but rather that the claims be construed as encompassing all the features of patentable novelty which reside in the present invention, including all features which would be treated as equivalents thereof by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

[0056] The compositions, formulas, and compounds as described herein may be used in a variety of personal care and skin care products. The compositions may be in a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, an emulsion, lotion, milk, liquid, solid, cream, gel, mousse, ointment, paste, serum, stick, spray, tonic, aerosol, foam, etc.

[0057] Definitions

[0058] "Aliphatic," as used herein, is understood to include both saturated and unsaturated, straight chain {i.e., unbranched) and branched, acyclic, cyclic or polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are optionally substituted with one or more functional groups. As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, "Aliphatic," is intended to include, but is not limited to, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl and cycloalkynyl moieties. "Alkyl," as used herein, is understood to include straight, branched and cyclic alkyl groups. Further, "Alkyl," as used herein, is understood to include substituted and unsubstituted groups. Analogous conventions apply to other generic terms such as "alkenyl," "alkynyl," and the like.

[0059] "Alkenyl," as used herein, is understood to include a monovalent group derived from a straight- or branched chain hydrocarbon moiety containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond by removal of a single hydrogen atom.

[0060] "Anti-Acne," as used herein, is understood to include reduction in inflammatory lesions, reduction in microcomedone counts and/or reduction in sebum levels.

[0061] "Anti- Aging," as used herein, is understood to include promotion of wound healing, protection against ultraviolet radiation damage {e.g., UVA and UVB rays), protection against oxidative stress and/or reduces collagenase production.

[0062] "Anti-Inflammatory," as used herein, is understood to include protection against chemical induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release, protection against bacterial induced {e.g., to 11- like receptor-2 (TLR2)) pro-inflammatory cytokine release, protection against metal induced {e.g., to 11- like receptor-4 (TLR4)) pro-inflammatory cytokine release, protection against T-cell induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release, protects against ultraviolet induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release and/or reduction of COX expression.

[0063] "Anti-Microbial," as used herein, is understood to include protection against Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and/or Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes).

[0064] "Antioxidants," as used herein, means ingredients employed in cosmetics to prevent or retard product spoilage from rancidity (or deterioration from reaction with oxygen). Antioxidants play a vital role in maintaining the quality, integrity, and safety of cosmetic products. Typical cosmetic antioxidants include reducing agents and free radical scavengers.

[0065] "Chelating Agents," also called "sequestrates," as used herein means ingredients that have the ability to complex with and inactivate metallic ions in order to prevent their adverse effects on the stability or appearance of cosmetic products. At times it is important to complex calcium or magnesium ions which are incompatible with a variety of cosmetic ingredients. Chelation of ions, for example iron or copper, helps retard oxidative deterioration of finished products.

[0066] "Derivatives," as used herein, includes, but is not limited to, amide, ether, ester, amino, carboxyl, acetyl, and/or alcohol derivatives of a given compound.

[0067] "Dermatologically acceptable," as used herein, means that the compositions or components described are suitable for use in contact with human keratinous tissue without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response, and the like.

[0068] "Effective amount," as used herein, means an amount of a compound or composition sufficient to significantly induce a positive benefit, preferably a positive keratinous tissue appearance or feel benefit, including independently or in combination with the benefits disclosed herein, but low enough to avoid serious side effects (i.e., to provide a reasonable benefit to risk ratio, within the scope of sound judgment of the skilled artisan).

[0069] "Enantiomers," as used herein, are understood to include pairs of chemical compounds whose molecular structures have a nonsuperimpo sable mirror-image relationship to one another.

[0070] "Esters," as used herein, are understood to include any and all compounds formed when a carboxylic acid and an alcohol combine and release water.

[0071] "Extract," as used herein, means material that has been extracted from a plant. [0072] "Film Formers," as used herein, means materials which produce a continuous film on skin. These films are used in cosmetics for diverse purposes (e.g. , forming facial masks).

[0073] "Humectants," as used herein, means ingredients used in cosmetic products to retard moisture loss or to maintain and/or produce humectant sources within the skin from the product during use. This function is generally performed by hygroscopic materials. The efficacy of humectants depends to a large extent on the ambient relative humidity.

[0074] "Hydrates," as used herein, are understood to include any and all compounds containing chemically combined water in the form of H₂0 molecules.

[0075] "Hyperpigmentation," as used herein, refers to an area of skin wherein the pigmentation is greater than that of an adjacent area of skin (e.g. , a pigment spot, an age spot, and the like).

[0076] "Improving skin condition," as used herein, means affecting a visually and/or tactilely perceptible positive change, or benefit, in skin appearance and feel. Benefits that may be provided include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: reducing the appearance of wrinkles and coarse deep lines, fine lines, crevices, bumps, and large pores; thickening of keratinous tissue; skin lightening; preventing loss of skin elasticity, for example, due to loss, damage and/or inactivation of functional skin elastin, resulting in such conditions as elastosis, sagging, loss of skin recoil from deformation; change in coloration to the skin, for example, under-eye circles, blotchiness (e.g., uneven red coloration), sallowness, discoloration caused by hyperpigmentation, etc.

[0077] "Isomers," as used herein, is understood to include D-isomers, L-isomers, and/or DL-isomers of a given compound.

[0078] "Polymorphs," as used herein, are understood to include any and all crystal forms of a chemical compound that exhibit polymorphism (i.e. , two or more chemically identical but crystallography distinct forms).

[0079] "Salts," as used herein, includes, but is not limited to, sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonium, manganese, copper, and/or magnesium salts of a given compound.

[0080] "Signs of skin aging," as used herein, include, but are not limited to, all outward visibly and tactilely perceptible manifestations, as well as any macro- or micro- effects, due to keratinous tissue aging. These signs may result from processes which include, but are not limited to, the development of textural discontinuities such as wrinkles and coarse deep wrinkles, fine lines, skin lines, crevices, bumps, large pores, unevenness or roughness; loss of skin elasticity; discoloration (including under-eye circles); blotchiness; sallowness; hyper-pigmented skin regions such as age spots and freckles; collagen breakdown.

[0081] "Skin-Conditioning Agents," as used herein, means cosmetic ingredients used to create special effects on skin. This group includes substances believed to enhance the appearance of dry or damaged skin and substantive materials which adhere to the skin to reduce flaking and restore suppleness.

[0082] "Skin-Conditioning Agents - Emollient," as used herein, means cosmetic ingredients which help to maintain the soft, smooth, and pliable appearance of skin. Emollients function by their ability to remain on the skin surface or in the stratum corneum to act as lubricants, to reduce flaking, and to improve the skin's appearance.

[0083] "Skin-Conditioning Agents - Occlusive," as used herein, means cosmetic ingredients which retard the evaporation of water from the skin surface. By blocking the evaporative loss of water, occlusive materials increase the water content of skin. Occlusive agents are generally lipids which tend to remain on the skin surface.

[0084] "Solvates," as used herein, are understood to include any and all compounds formed by the aggregation of one or more solvent molecules with a solute molecule or ion.

[0085] "Surfactants — Emulsifying Agents," "Surfactants," and "Emulsifying Agents," as used herein, are employed in cosmetics to prepare emulsions. The efficacy of emulsifying agents depends on their ability to reduce surface tension, to form complex films on the surface of emulsified droplets, and to create a repulsive barrier on emulsified droplets to prevent their coalescence. Emulsion Stabilizers and Viscosity- Increasing Agents can be used as auxiliary emulsifiers to facilitate the process of emulsification or to retard physical changes in emulsions throughout their shelf-life.

[0086] "Viscosity Increasing Agents," as used herein, means and are used to thicken the aqueous portions of cosmetic products. Their ability to perform this function is related to their water solubility or hydrophilic nature. They are widely employed in various types of emulsions. Related functions include Binders, Film Formers, and Emulsion Stabilizers.

[0087] "Vitamin A" is a generic description for all C20-P-ionone derivatives, which qualitatively exhibits the biological activity of transretinol. Vitamin A (retinol) and its derivatives, whether they are natural or synthetic, are referred to as retinoids (RET) and may have significant impacts on vertebrates organisms, including embryogenesis, reproduction, vision, regulation of inflammation, growth and cellular, normal, and neoplastic differentiation. [0088] From a biological stand point, RET takes its effect by binding to specific nuclear receptors, known as RARs (Retinoic Acid Receptors) and RXRs (Retinoids Receptors), which belong to the family of transcriptional regulators induced by binders. RET functions by crossing the cellular membrane into the cytoplasm, binding to the cytosolic proteins denominated CRBP or CRABP (Cytosolic Retinol Bound Protein or Cytosolic Retinoic Acid Bound Protein), and then forming a complex that allows its passage into the cell nucleus. Once inside the nucleus, RET binds to the receptors RAR or RXR, forming a complex operable in binding to RARE (Responsive Element Retinoic Acid). RARE are part of the DNA and represents the promoter region of the target gene, thus, controlling its transcription. Besides this mechanism of action, RET acts in an indirect way without binding to the DNA.

[0089] RETs are among the most prescribed and recommended agents in dermatologic therapy. Benefits such as cellular regeneration, exfoliation, and collagen synthesis indicate the importance of RETs in the prevention and treatment of several skin imperfections. Biological effects of RET may include improvement of fine lines, of acne, increased smoothness, improvement of actinic keratose, reduction of hyperpigmentation, among others.

[0090] However, there are side effects and other problems in using classic retinoids, and much research has taken place by the cosmetic industry to find alternative, active ingredients to the retinoids that are commonly used in conventional dermatology.

[0091] Ingredients

[0092] The compositions disclosed herein may include one or more of the following ingredients, extracts, fractions thereof, salts, isomers, and/or derivatives thereof and, but is in no way a limitation to other ingredients. Additionally, some ingredients are described by the name required by the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI) while others are described by trade name that comprises one or more INCI-termed ingredients.

[0093] Absorbents

[0094] In an embodiment, silica may be used as an Absorbent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10 % of silica (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1 % or about 3 % silica. [0095] Anti-Acne Agents, Anti-Aging Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents and Anti- Microbial Agents

[0096] In an embodiment, Bisabolol may be used as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Bisabolol extract, as an active botanical ingredient, has long been referred to as a very soothing agent. Often called German Chamomile, it is used in cremes and gels throughout the cosmetic industry. Many times, it is chosen because it shows signs of helping with puffiness.

[0097] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.01 % to about 1 % of Bisabolol (and any range or value there between).

[0098] In an embodiment, a dialphoxybenzoic acid or salt may be used as an Anti- Inflammatory Agent and/or a Hair Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In an embodiment, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt (e.g. , veratric acid or salt) is a compound of formula:

and any variations thereof, including any and all isomers, enantiomers, and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt (e.g., veratric acid or salt), wherein R' and R" are aliphatic groups and X is hydrogen, sodium, potassium and/or any other cosmetically acceptable counter-ions including, but not limited to, calcium, ammonium, manganese, copper, magnesium and the like. In certain aspects, an aliphatic group(s) may be C1-C10, C1-C6, C1-C4 and/or C1-C2 hydrocarbons. In other aspects, an aliphatic group(s) may be CI, C2 and/or C3 hydrocarbons. In yet other aspects, R' and R" may be different aliphatic groups.

[0099] In an embodiment, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt is 3,4- Dimethoxybenzoic acid or salt (i.e. , veratric acid or salt).

[0100] In certain aspects, the dialphoxybenzoic acid or salt (e.g., veratric acid or salt) has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 5% (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt (e.g. , veratric acid or salt) has a concentration of about 0.5 %.

[0101] In an embodiment, Gluconolactone may be used as an Anti-Acne Agent, a Chelating Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % to about 1 % of Gluconolactone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % Gluconolactone.

[0102] In an embodiment, an isoprenylcysteine may be used as an Anti- Acne Agent, an Anti- Aging Agent, an Anti-Inflammatory Agent, and/or an Anti-Microbial Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In an embodiment, an isoprenylcyeine may be a compound of formula:

and any variations thereof, including any and all isomers, enantiomers, and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the isoprenylcysteine, wherein R is an aliphatic group and X is hydrogen, sodium, potassium and/or any other cosmetically acceptable counter-ions including, but not limited to, calcium, ammonium, manganese, copper, magnesium and the like. In certain aspects, an aliphatic group may be C6-C14, C10-C14, C16-C20 and/or C16-C25 hydrocarbons. In other aspects, an aliphatic group may be CI 2, C 16 and/or C20 hydrocarbons.

[0103] In certain aspects, an isoprenylcysteine may be N-[l-Carboxy-2- ((3,7,11, 15, 19-pentamethyl-eicos-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

[0104] In other aspects, an isoprenylcysteine may be N-[l -Carboxy-2-((3,7, 11,15 - tetramethyl-hexadec-2 -enyl)sulfanyl)- ethyl] succinamic acid or salt of formula:

and any variations thereof, including all isomers, enantiomers and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7, 11,15- tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt.

[0105] In yet other aspects, an isoprenylcysteine may be N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7,l l- trimethyl-dodec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

and any variations thereof, including all isomers, enantiomers and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7,l l-trimethyl- dodec-2-enyl)sulfany l)-ethyl] succinamic acid In certain aspects, the isoprenylcysteine may be Disodium Trimethyldodecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, Disodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine and/or Disodium Pentamethyleicosenyl Succinoyl Cysteine.

[0106] However, these non-limiting examples of isoprenylcysteine do not include N- [l-Carboxy-2-(3,7,l l-trimethyl-pentadec-2,6,10-trienyl)-2-enylsulfanyl)-ethyl] succinamic acid or salt, or any variations thereof, including any isomers, enantiomers and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of N-[l-Carboxy-2-(3,7,l l- trimethyl-pentadec-2,6,10-trienyl)-2-enylsulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt.

[0107] In general, isoprenylcysteine compounds are highly active.

[0108] In an embodiment, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10 % of isoprenylcysteine (and any range or value there between). In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 7 %, from about 0.01 % to about 3 %, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % or from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % of isoprenylcysteine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.05 %, about 0.1 %, about 0.5 %, about 1 % or about 3 % of isoprenylcysteine.

[0109] In an embodiment, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate may be used as an Anti-Microbial Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % of Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.8 % Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate. [0110] In an embodiment, NatPres™ Base may be used as an Anti-Acne Agent, a Chelating Agent, and/or Skin Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. NatPres™ Base may comprise from about 60 % to about 70 % of Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, from about 20 % to about 25 % of Lonicera Caprifolium (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract, from about 1% to about 20 % of Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract, from about 1 % to about 20 % of Populus Tremuloides Bark Extract, and from about 0.01 % to about 10 % of Gluconolactone. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.1 % to about 5 % of NatPres™ Base (and any range or value there between).

[0111] In an embodiment, Ubiquinone (also known as CoQ-10) may be used as an Anti- Aging Agent, an Antioxidant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. Ubiquinone may have additional beneficial properties. This potent Antioxidant is important in assisting the cells in the building of collagen and elastin. Antioxidants are used in cosmetics to help prevent and slow down the signs of aging, as well as for protection and preservation.

[0112] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % of Ubiquinone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001% or about 0.01 % Ubiquinone.

[0113] In an embodiment, Zingiber Offcinale (Ginger) Root Extract may be used as an Anti- Acne Agent and/or an Anti-Inflammatory Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Zingiber Offcinale (Ginger) Root Extract. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % Zingiber Offcinale (Ginger) Root Extract.

[0114] Antioxidants

[0115] In an embodiment, Avena Sativa (Oat) Kernel Extract may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent — Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % (and any range or value there between).

[0116] In an embodiment, Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract comprises polyphenols. Polyphenols have shown powerful antioxidant activity. When used in cosmetics, it is indicated tea extracts can help and assist with the prevention of collagen breakdown and help improve elasticity— an important factor in maintaining youthful and healthy looking skin. [0117] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.000001 % to about 0.1 % Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspect, a composition may comprise about 0.00001 % Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract.

[0118] In an embodiment, Carnosine may be used as an Antioxidant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 0.5 % Carnosine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % Carnosine.

[0119] In an embodiment, Centella Asiatica Extract may be used as an Antioxidant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. Centella Asiatica Extract is believed to provide many nutrients to the skin with phytosterols, amino acids and polysaccharides, making it a unique and nourishing extract. For centuries, the Centella Asiatica has also been identified and traditionally used for its ant i- inflammatory properties. These qualities help the Centella Asiatica to support healthy skin at the same time it works in the toning and tightening of aging skin. It is further believed it can also contribute to the production of fibroblast, the cells that increase collagen.

[0120] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % of Centella Asiatica Leaf Cell Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % or about 0.4 % Centella Asiatica Extract. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.0002 % Centella Asiatica Extract.

[0121] In an embodiment, Hydroxyacetophenone may be used as an Antioxidant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Hydroxyacetophenone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Hydroxyacetophenone.

[0122] In an embodiment, Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil may be used as an Antioxidant, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil may be used in skin hydration. The nutrients found in the Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil helps to provide natural moisturizing and hydrating properties to help skin maintain a smoother and softener look as a result of better hydration and good care. Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil is oil that may be extracted from the Buriti plant or more specifically the Buriti fruit pulp. It is a rich source of carotenoids, tocopherols, Vitamin- A, monounsaturated fatty acids, and is known for being a powerful natural antioxidant. [0123] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil.

[0124] In an embodiment, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 5 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.8 % or about 0.9 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % or about 0.01 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate.

[0125] In an embodiment, Tocopherol (also known as Vitamin E) may be used as an Antioxidant, an Emulsifying Agent, Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. Tocopherol has been used for generations for its moisturizing, nourishing and protection properties. When used topically, it aids and assists in helping to provide an antioxidant defense for the skin. It is a fat-soluble antioxidant.

[0126] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % of Tocopherol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % Tocopherol.

[0127] In an embodiment, Tocopherol Acetate may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 to about 2 % Tocopherol Acetate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.7 % or about 0.8 % of Tocopherol Acetate. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 % or about 0.05 % Tocopherol Acetate.

[0128] In an embodiment, Ubiquinone (also known as CoQ-10) may be used as an Anti- Aging Agent, an Antioxidant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. Ubiquinone may have additional beneficial properties. This potent Antioxidant is important in assisting the cells in the building of collagen and elastin. Antioxidants are used in cosmetics to help prevent and slow down the signs of aging, as well as for protection and preservation.

[0129] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % of Ubiquinone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001% or about 0.01 % Ubiquinone. [0130] Binders

[0131] In an embodiment, Xanthan Gum may be used as a Binder, an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Xanthan Gum (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 % or about 0.1 %, or about 0.8 % Xanthan Gum.

[0132] Chelating Agents

[0133] In an embodiment, Dipotassium Glcryrrhizinate may be used as a Chelating Agent. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % Dipotassium Glcryrrhizinate (and any range or value there between).

[0134] In an embodiment, Disodium Ethylenediaminetetraactetic Acid (Disodium EDTA) may be used as a Chelating Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 1.5 % Disodium EDTA (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.02 % or about 0.03 %, or about 0.1 %, or about 0.5 % or about 0.6 % Disodium EDTA.

[0135] In an embodiment, Gluconolactone may be used as an Anti-Acne Agent, a Chelating Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % to about 1 % of Gluconolactone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % Gluconolactone.

[0136] In an embodiment, NatPres™ Base may be used as an Anti-Acne Agent, a Chelating Agent, and/or Skin Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. NatPres™ Base may comprise from about 60 % to about 70 % of Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, from about 20 % to about 25 % of Lonicera Caprifolium (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract, from about 1 % to about 20 % of Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract, from about 1 % to about 20 % of Populus Tremuloides Bark Extract, and from about 0.01 % to about 10 % of Gluconolactone. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.1 % to about 5 % of NatPres™ Base (and any range or value there between).

[0137] Emulsifying Agents

[0138] In an embodiment, C12-C20 Glucoside may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % C12-C20 Glucoside (and any range or value there between). [0139] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Glucoside may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, Emulsion Stabilizer, Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % of Cetearyl Glucoside (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % Cetearyl Glucoside.

[0140] In an embodiment, Cetyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 2 % Cetyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % of Cetyl Alcohol.

[0141] In an embodiment, Glyceryl Caprylate may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Glyceryl Caprylate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Glyceryl Caprylate.

[0142] In an embodiment, Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 6 % Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 1.4% Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate.

[0143] In an embodiment, Hydrogenated Lecithin may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Hydrogenated Lecithin is believed to support healthy and natural skin renewal. The look and appearance of the skin is constantly being affected by the skin cell function. The continuous cell renewal process aids in the look and appearance of a healthy, beautiful complexion. Keeping the skin supported during vital renewal periods is an important step.

[0144] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Hydrogenated Lecithin (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % Hydrogenated Lecithin.

[0145] In an embodiment, Jojoba Esters may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. This botanical ingredient may be used for its moisturizing and softening effects. Light and non- oily, it may add skin conditioning properties to the formulation. Even though jojoba is referred to as oil, it is actually not oil, but is a pure natural moisturizer. It contains many good nutrients for the skin such as antioxidants, Vitamin E, and essential fatty acids.

[0146] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.001 % to about 2 % Jojoba Esters (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % Jojoba Esters.

[0147] In an embodiment, Montanov™ 68, which may be supplied by SEPPIC, may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, and/or an Emulsion Stabilizer, and for other beneficial properties. Montanov™ 68 may comprise from about 75 % to about 85 % of C14-C22 Alcohols and from about 15 % to about 25 % of C12-C20 Alkyl Glucoside. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Montanov™ 68 (and any range of value there between).

[0148] In an embodiment, Sodium Isostearoyl Lactylate may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.5 % to about 2 % of Sodium Isostearyl Lactylate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1 % Sodium Isostearoyl Lactylate.

[0149] In an embodiment, Stearic Acid may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % Stearic Acid (and any range or value there between).

[0150] In an embodiment, Tocopherol (also known as Vitamin E) may be used as an Antioxidant, an Emulsifying Agent, Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. Tocopherol has been used for generations for its moisturizing, nourishing and protection properties. When used topically, it aids and assists in helping to provide an antioxidant defense for the skin. It is a fat-soluble antioxidant.

[0151] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % of Tocopherol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % Tocopherol.

[0152] In an embodiment, Xanthan Gum may be used as a Binder, an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Xanthan Gum (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 %, or about 0.1 % or about 0.8 % Xanthan Gum.

[0153] Emulsion Stabilizers

[0154] In an embodiment, Arachidyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Arachidyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.7 % Arachidyl Alcohol.

[0155] In an embodiment, Behenyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Behenyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.4 % Behenyl Alcohol.

[0156] In an embodiment, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10 % of Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise from about 4 % to about 6 % Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3 % or about 5 % Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride.

[0157] In an embodiment, C14-C22 Alcohols may be used as Emulsion Stabilizers, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of C14-C22 Alcohols (and any range or value there between).

[0158] In an embodiment, Cetyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1.5 % Cetyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % of Cetyl Alcohol.

[0159] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, an Opacifying Agent, a Surfactant, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10 % of Cetearyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % or about 2.4 % Cetearyl Alcohol.

[0160] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Glucoside may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, Emulsion Stabilizer, Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % of Cetearyl Glucoside (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % Cetearyl Glucoside.

[0161] In an embodiment, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 0.7 % Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil.

[0162] In an embodiment, Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 6 % Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 1.4 % Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate.

[0163] In an embodiment, Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % or about 0.6 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil.

[0164] In an embodiment, Hydrogenated Lecithin may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Hydrogenated Lecithin is believed to support healthy and natural skin renewal. The look and appearance of the skin is constantly being affected by the skin cell function. The continuous cell renewal process aids in the look and appearance of a healthy, beautiful complexion. Keeping the skin supported during vital renewal periods is an important step.

[0165] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Hydrogenated Lecithin (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % Hydrogenated Lecithin.

[0166] In an embodiment, Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.2 % Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer. [0167] In an embodiment, Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 0.8 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % or about 0.4 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil.

[0168] In an embodiment, Montanov™ 68, which may be supplied by SEPPIC, may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, and/or an Emulsion Stabilizer, and for other beneficial properties. Montanov™ 68 may comprise from about 75 % to about 85 % of C14-C22 Alcohols and from about 15 % to about 25 % of C12-C20 Alkyl Glucoside. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Montanov™ 68 (and any range of value there between).

[0169] In an embodiment, Montanov™ L, which may be supplied by SEPPIC, may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, an Opacifying Agent, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Montanov™ L may comprise about 80 % Cetearyl Alcohol and about 20 % Ceary Glucoside. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 2 % of Montanov™ L (and any range or value there between).

[0170] In an embodiment, Myristyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Myristyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.8 % Myristyl Alcohol.

[0171] In an embodiment, Potassium Cetyl Phosphate, Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Potassium Cetyl Phosphate, Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3 % Potassium Cetyl Phosphate, Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides.

[0172] In an embodiment, Polysorbate 20 may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % to about 10 % Polysorbate 20 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % or about 3.2 % Polysorbate 20. [0173] In an embodiment, Polysorbate 60 may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % to about 0.1 % Polysorbate 60 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.02 % Polysorbate 60.

[0174] In an embodiment, Polysorbate 80 may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % to about 0.1 % Polysorbate 80 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 % Polysorbate 80.

[0175] In an embodiment, Stearyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Stearyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2 % Stearyl Alcohol.

[0176] In an embodiment, Sodium Acrylate/C10-C30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross-Polymer may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % Sodium Acrylate/C10-C30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross-Polymer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.05 % Sodium Acrylate/C10-C30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross-Polymer.

[0177] In an embodiment, Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.15 % Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer.

[0178] In an embodiment, Xanthan Gum may be used as a Binder, an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Xanthan Gum (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.8 % Xanthan Gum. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 % Xanthan Gum. [0179] Essential Oils

[0180] In an embodiment, Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract may be used as an Essential Oil, a Fragrance Ingredient and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.000001 % to about 5 % Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.00002 % or about 2 % of Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract.

[0181] Fragrance Ingredients

[0182] In an embodiment, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water may be used as a Fragrance Ingredient and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Non-limiting, alternatives to Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water include various concentrations of aloe. Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water may be beneficial to provide hydration. To enrich the hydrating effects, the formulations are created with the pure juice from the leaf of the Aloe Vera Plant. Aloe Vera may provide extra moisture and hydration over other formulations that use water instead of, or as a substitute to, Aloe Vera. Aloe Vera is known to provide many natural moisturizing properties helping to improve the skin's natural firmness, while at the same time helping to keep the skin hydrated.

[0183] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % of Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1.0 % or about 1.1 % Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water.

[0184] In an embodiment, Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract may be used as an Essential Oil, a Fragrance Ingredient and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.000001 % to about 5 % Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.00002 % or about 2 % Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract.

[0185] Film Formers

[0186] In an embodiment, Copernia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax may be used as a Film Former, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % of Copernia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % or about 0.3 % Copernia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax.

[0187] Hair Conditioning Agents

[0188] In an embodiment, a dialphoxybenzoic acid or salt may be used as an Anti- Inflammatory Agent and/or a Hair Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In an embodiment, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt (e.g. , veratric acid or salt) is a compound of formula:

[0189] In an embodiment, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt is 3,4- Dimethoxybenzoic acid or salt (i.e. , veratric acid or salt).

[0190] In certain aspects, the dialphoxybenzoic acid or salt (e.g., veratric acid or salt) has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 5 % (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt (e.g. , veratric acid or salt) has a concentration of about 0.5 %.

[0191] Humectants

[0192] In an embodiment, Betaine may be used as a Humectant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Betaine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2.0 % Betaine.

[0193] In an embodiment, Bidens Pilosa Extract may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Bidens Pilosa Extract may be used for purposes of skin renewal. This botanical plant has been shown clinically to help prevent the formation of early lines and wrinkles. Bidens Pilosa is an herbaceous plant having retinoid-like activity. Due to the phytochemical composition of Bidens Pilosa, especially by the presence of phytochemical compounds, it supports indications of antioxidant and ant i- inflammatory functions and activity on retinoid receptors.

[0194] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Bidens Pilosa Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.4% or about 1 % Bidens Pilosa Extract.

[0195] In an embodiment, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 0.7 % Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil.

[0196] In an embodiment, Glycerin may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 15 % Glycerine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Glycerine. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 5 % or about 7 % Glycerine.

[0197] In an embodiment, Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % or about 0.6 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil.

[0198] In an embodiment, Jojoba Esters may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. This botanical ingredient may be used for its moisturizing and softening effects. Light and non- oily, it may add skin conditioning properties to the formulation. Even though jojoba is referred to as oil, it is actually not oil, but is a pure natural moisturizer. It contains many good nutrients for the skin such as antioxidants, Vitamin E, and essential fatty acids.

[0199] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.001 % to about 2 % Jojoba Esters (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % Jojoba Esters. [0200] In an embodiment, Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 0.8 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % or about 0.4 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil.

[0201] In an embodiment, Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil may be used as an Antioxidant, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil may be used in skin hydration. The nutrients found in the Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil helps to provide natural moisturizing and hydrating properties to help skin maintain a smoother and softener look as a result of better hydration and good care. Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil is oil that may be extracted from the Buriti plant or more specifically the Buriti fruit pulp. It is a rich source of carotenoids, tocopherols, Vitamin- A, monounsaturated fatty acids, and is known for being a powerful natural antioxidant.

[0202] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil.

[0203] In an embodiment, SAL- 14™ may be used as a Humectant, and/or Skin Conditioning Agent - Emollient/Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. SAL- 14™ may comprise from about 12 % to about 28 % of Bidens Pilosa Extract, from about 0.2 % to about 9.7 % of Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil, from about 26 % to about 41 % of Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil, from about 17 % to about 36 % of Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, from about 10 % to about 20 % of Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil and from about 0.01 % to about 0.09 % of Tocopherol. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % of SAL- 14™ (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 4.2 % of SAL- 14™.

[0204] In an embodiment, Sodium Hyaluronate may be used as a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 0.1 % Sodium Hyaluronate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % Sodium Hyaluronate. [0205] In an embodiment, Sodium Salt of Pyroglutamic Acid (Sodium PCA) may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Sodium PCA (and any range or value there between).

[0206] In an embodiment, Sorbitol may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Sorbitol (and any range or value there between).

[0207] In an embodiment, Tocopherol (also known as Vitamin E) may be used as an Antioxidant, an Emulsifying Agent, Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. Tocopherol has been used for generations for its moisturizing, nourishing and protection properties. When used topically, it aids and assists in helping to provide an antioxidant defense for the skin. It is a fat-soluble antioxidant.

[0208] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % of Tocopherol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % Tocopherol.

[0209] Opacifying Agents

[0210] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, an Opacifying Agent, a Surfactant, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10 % of Cetearyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % or about 2.4 % Cetearyl Alcohol.

[0211] In an embodiment, Montanov™ L, which may be supplied by SEPPIC, may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, an Opacifying Agent, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Montanov™ L may comprise about 80 % Cetearyl Alcohol and about 20 % Ceary Glucoside. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 2 % Montanov™ L (and any range or value there between).

[0212] pH Adjusters

[0213] In an embodiment, Citric Acid may be used as a pH Adjuster. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % (and any range or value there between). [0214] In an embodiment, Sodium Hydroxide may be used as a pH Adjuster. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % (and any range or value there between).

[0215] In an embodiment, Tromethamine may be used as a pH Adjuster, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Tromethamine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % Tromethamine.

[0216] Preservatives

[0217] In an embodiment, Bontanistat™ PF 64, may be used as a Preservative. Bontanistat™ PF 64 may comprise from about 40 % to about 60 % of Phenoxyethanol, from about 10 % to about 20 % Ethylhexyl Glycerin, from about 20 % to about 30 % of Caprylyl Glycol and from about 5 % to about 10 % Hexylene Glycol. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Bontanistat™ PF 64 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2 % Bontanistat™ PF 64.

[0218] In an embodiment, Caprylyl Glycol may be used as a Preservative and/or a Skin Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Caprylyl Glycol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % or about 0.3 % Caprylyl Glycol.

[0219] In an embodiment, Dermasoft™ LP, which may be supplied by Prospector, may be used as a Preservative. Dermasoft™ LP may comprise about 50 % Caprylyl Glycol, from about 5 % to about 10 % Glycerin and Glyceryl Caprylate, from about 5 % to about 10 % Phenylpropanol and from about 1 % to about 5 % Water. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10 % Dermasoft™ LP (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3.6 % Dermasoft™ LP.

[0220] In an embodiment, Phenoxyethanol may be used as a Preservative, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 5 % (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % or about 1 % of Phenoxyethanol. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % or about 0.4 % Phenoxyethanol.

[0221] In an embodiment, Phenylpropanol may be used as a Preservative. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % of Phenylpropanol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % of Phenylpropanol.

[0222] Skin Conditioning Agents and Skin Protectants

[0223] In an embodiment, Adenosine may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Adenosine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.04 % or about 0.05 % Adenosine.

[0224] In an embodiment, natural Albumen or synthetic (man-made) Albumen may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Albumen may help tighten skin. Albumen may come in liquid form and is a protein. In use, Albumen may help with many signs of aging by aiding tired and stressed skin that often promote the showing of premature lines and wrinkles. Albumen may help tighten skin to soften the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

[0225] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 15 % natural Albumen and/or synthetic Albumin (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10 % natural Albumen and/or synthetic Albumin. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 7 % natural Albumen and/or synthetic Albumin.

[0226] Natural Albumin or synthetic Albumin may be used in a number of different compositions. During the compounding process, according to a non-limiting embodiment provided for illustrative purposes only, the natural Albumen is kept in a temperature range of about 30 °C to about 60 °C.

[0227] In an embodiment, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water may be used as a Fragrance Ingredient and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Non-limiting, alternatives to Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water include various concentrations of aloe. Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water may be beneficial to provide hydration. To enrich the hydrating effects, the formulations are created with the pure juice from the leaf of the Aloe Vera Plant. Aloe Vera may provide extra moisture and hydration over other formulations that use water instead of, or as a substitute to, Aloe Vera. Aloe Vera is known to provide many natural moisturizing properties helping to improve the skin's natural firmness, while at the same time helping to keep the skin hydrated. [0228] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1.0 % or about 1.1 % Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder or Water.

[0229] In an embodiment, AUantoin may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 2 % of AUantoin (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % or about 0.8 % AUantoin.

[0230] In an embodiment, Arginine may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % of Arginine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % Arginine.

[0231] In an embodiment, Avena Sativa (Oat) Kernel Extract may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent — Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % (and any range or value there between).

[0232] In an embodiment, Avobenzone may be used as a Skin Conditioning Agent, a Skin Protectant and/or a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10 % Avobenzone. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3.0 % Avobenzone.

[0233] In an embodiment, natural Beeswax or synthetic (man-made) Beeswax may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % natural Beeswax and/or synthetic Beeswax (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % or about 0.6 % natural Beeswax and/or synthetic Beeswax.

[0234] In an embodiment, Benzylidene Dimethoxydimethylindanone may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1.5 % Benzylidene Dimethoxydimethylindanone. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Benzylidene Dimethoxydimethylindanone.

[0235] In an embodiment, Bidens Pilosa Extract may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Bidens Pilosa Extract may be used for purposes of skin renewal. This botanical plant has been shown clinically to help prevent the formation of early lines and wrinkles. Bidens Pilosa is an herbaceous plant having retinoid-like activity. Due to the phytochemical composition of Bidens Pilosa, especially by the presence of phytochemical compounds, it supports indications of antioxidant and ant i- inflammatory functions and activity on retinoid receptors.

[0236] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Bidens Pilosa Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.4 % or about 1 % Bidens Pilosa Extract.

[0237] In an embodiment, Bisabolol may be used as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Bisabolol extract, as an active botanical ingredient, has long been referred to as a very soothing agent. Often called German Chamomile, it is used in cremes and gels throughout the cosmetic industry. Many times, it is chosen because it shows signs of helping with puffiness.

[0238] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.1 % to about 1 % of Bisabolol (and any range or value there between).

[0239] In an embodiment, a Bois™ 11 may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Bois™ 11 may comprise from about 15 % to about 25 % of Santalum Album (Sandalwood) Extract, from about 15 % to about 25 % of Phellodendron Amurense (Bark) Extract and from about 50 % to about 70 % of Hordeum Distichon (Barley) Extract. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Bois™ 11 (and any range or value there between).

[0240] In an embodiment, Butylene Glycol may be used as a Skin Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 12 % Butylene Glycol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 6 % Butylene Glycol. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % Butylene Glycol.

[0241] In an embodiment, Butyroyl Pentapeptide-24 may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Butyroyl Pentapeptide-24 (and any range or value there between).

[0242] In an embodiment, Butyrospermum Parki (Shea) Butter may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Butyrospermum Parki (Shea) Butter (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2.0 % Butyrospermum Parki (Shea) Butter.

[0243] In an embodiment, Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract comprises polyphenols. Polyphenols have shown powerful antioxidant activity. When used in cosmetics, it is indicated tea extracts can help and assist with the prevention of collagen breakdown and help improve elasticity— an important factor in maintaining youthful and healthy looking skin.

[0244] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.000001 % to about 0.1 % Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspect, a composition may comprise about 0.00001 % Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract.

[0245] In an embodiment, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10 % Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise from about 4 % to about 6 % Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3 % or about 5 % Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride.

[0246] In an embodiment, Caprylyl Methicone may be used as a Skin Conditioning Agent— Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % Caprylyl Methicone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % or about 0.3 % Caprylyl Methicone.

[0247] In an embodiment, Caprylyl Glycol may be used as a Preservative and/or a Skin Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % Caprylyl Glycol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % or about 0.3 % Caprylyl Glycol.

[0248] In an embodiment, Centella Asiatica Extract may be used as an Antioxidant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. Centella Asiatica Extract is believed to provide many nutrients to the skin with phytosterols, amino acids and polysaccharides, making it a unique and nourishing extract. For centuries, the Centella Asiatica has also been identified and traditionally used for its ant i- inflammatory properties. These qualities help the Centella Asiatica to support healthy skin at the same time it works in the toning and tightening of aging skin. It is further believed it can also contribute to the production of fibroblast, the cells that increase collagen.

[0249] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % Centella Asiatica Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.00001 % or about 0.4 % Centella Asiatica Extract. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.0002 % Centella Asiatica Extract.

[0250] In an embodiment, Ceramide 3 may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % Ceramide 3 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.004 % Ceramide 3.

[0251] In an embodiment, Cetyl Ethylhexanoate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Cetyl Ethylhexanoate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2 % Cetyl Ethylhexanoate.

[0252] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Glucoside may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, Emulsion Stabilizer, Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Cetearyl Glucoside (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % Cetearyl Glucoside.

[0253] In an embodiment, Chondrus Crispus Extract may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Chondrus Crispus Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Chondrus Crispus Extract.

[0254] In an embodiment, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2 % Coco Nucifera (Coconut) Oil.

[0255] In an embodiment, Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract may be used as an Essential Oil, a Fragrance Ingredient and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.000001 % to about 5 % Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.00002 % or about 2 % Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract.

[0256] In an embodiment, Cyclopentasiloxane may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 12 % Cyclopentasiloxane (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 6 % Cyclopentasiloxane.

[0257] In an embodiment, Diaminobutyroyl Hydroxythreonine may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Diaminobutyroyl Hydroxythreonine (and any range or value there between).

[0258] In an embodiment, Diethylhexyl 2,6-Naphthalate may be used as a Skin Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Diethylhexyl 2,6-Naphthalate. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2.0 % Diethylhexyl 2,6-Naphthalate.

[0259] In an embodiment, Dicaprylyl Carbonate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Dicaprylyl Carbonate (and any range or value there between).

[0260] In an embodiment, Dimethicone may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Dimethicone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % or about 0.7 % Dimethicone.

[0261] In an embodiment, Dimethicone/Divinyldimethicone/Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10 % Dimethicone/Divinyldimethicone/Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3 % Dimethicone/Divinyldimethicone/Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer.

[0262] In an embodiment, Dimethiconol may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Dimethiconol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % Dimethiconol. [0263] In an embodiment, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 0.7 % Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil.

[0264] In an embodiment, Ethylhexyl Glycerine may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Ethylhexyl Glycerine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.05 % Ethylhexyl Glycerine.

[0265] In an embodiment, Etylehexyl Isononanoate may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 15 % Etylehexyl Isononanoate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 5 % Etylehexyl Isononanoate.

[0266] In an embodiment, Ethylhexyl Palmitate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Ethylhexyl Palmitate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2.0 % Ethylhexyl Palmitate.

[0267] In an embodiment, Floraesters™ 30 may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. The composition of Floraesters™ 30 may comprise about 99.95 % Jojoba Esters and about 0.05 % Tocopherol. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 2 % Floraesters™ 30 (and any range or value there between).

[0268] In an embodiment, Gluconolactone may be used as an Anti-Acne Agent, a Chelating Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % to about 1 % of Gluconolactone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % Gluconolactone.

[0269] In an embodiment, Glycerin may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 15 % Glycerine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Glycerine. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 5 % or about 7 % Glycerine. [0270] In an embodiment, Glyceryl Caprylate may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Glyceryl Caprylate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Glyceryl Caprylate.

[0271] In an embodiment, Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 6 % Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 1.4 % Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate.

[0272] In an embodiment, Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0000001 % to about 0.1 % Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.000001 % Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract.

[0273] In an embodiment, Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % or about 0.6 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil.

[0274] In an embodiment, Homosalate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, a Skin Protectant and/or a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 20 % Homosalate. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 9 % Homosalate.

[0275] In an embodiment, Hordeum Distichon (Barley) Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1.0 % Hordeum Distichon (Barley) Extract (and any range or value there between).

[0276] In an embodiment, Hydrogenated Lecithin may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Hydrogenated Lecithin is believed to support healthy and natural skin renewal. The look and appearance of the skin is constantly being affected by the skin cell function. The continuous cell renewal process aids in the look and appearance of a healthy, beautiful complexion. Keeping the skin supported during vital renewal periods is an important step.

[0277] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Hydrogenated Lecithin (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % Hydrogenated Lecithin.

[0278] In an embodiment, Hydrogenated Poly(C6-C14 Olefin) may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Hydrogenated Poly(C6-C14 Olefin) (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3.5 % Hydrogenated Poly(C6-C14 Olefin).

[0279] In an embodiment, Hydrolyzed Quinoa may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. Hydrolyzed Quinoa may help repair skin and is known for its essential nutrients. It is believed Hydrolyzed Quinoa assists in the repair, protection and conditioning of the skin.

[0280] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Hydrolyzed Quinoa (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % of Hydrolyzed Quinoa.

[0281] In an embodiment, Isohexadecane may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Isohexadecane (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % Isohexadecane.

[0282] In an embodiment, Jojoba Esters may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. This botanical ingredient may be used for its moisturizing and softening effects. Light and non- oily, it may add skin conditioning properties to the formulation. Even though jojoba is referred to as oil, it is actually not oil, but is a pure natural moisturizer. It contains many good nutrients for the skin such as antioxidants, Vitamin E, and essential fatty acids.

[0283] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.001 % to about 2 % Jojoba Esters (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % Jojoba Esters.

[0284] In an embodiment, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate may be used as an Anti-Microbial Agent, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.8 % Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate.

[0285] In an embodiment, Lexemul™ 68 may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, a Skin-Conditioning Agent— Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. Lexemul™ 68 may comprise from about 50 % to about 60 % Glyceryl Stearate and from about 40 % to about 50 % PEG- 100 Stearate. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Lexemul™ 68 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2 % or about 4 % Lexemul™ 68.

[0286] In an embodiment, Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 0.8 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.3 % or about 0.4 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil.

[0287] In an embodiment, Lonicera Caprifolium (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % of Lonicera Caprifolium (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % Lonicera Caprifolium (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract.

[0288] In an embodiment, Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % of Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.8 % Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract.

[0289] In an embodiment, Macadamia Integriolia Seed Oil may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Macadamia Integriolia Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1.0 % Macadamia Integriolia Seed Oil.

[0290] In an embodiment, Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 1 % Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % or about 0.02 % Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil.

[0291] In an embodiment, Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil may be used as an Antioxidant, a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil may be used in skin hydration. The nutrients found in the Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil help to provide natural moisturizing and hydrating properties to help skin maintain a smoother and softener look as a result of better hydration and good care. Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil is oil that may be extracted from the Buriti plant or more specifically the Buriti fruit pulp. It is a rich source of carotenoids, tocopherols, Vitamin- A, monounsaturated fatty acids, and is known for being a powerful natural antioxidant.

[0292] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil.

[0293] In an embodiment, NatPres™ Base may be used as an Anti-Acne Agent, a Chelating Agent, and/or Skin Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. NatPres™ Base may comprise from about 60 % to about 70 % Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, from about 20 % to about 25 % Lonicera Caprifolium (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract, from about 1 % to about 20 % Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract, from about 1 % to about 20 % Populus Tremuloides Bark Extract, and from about 0.01 % to about 10 % Gluconolactone. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from 0.1 % to about 5 % NatPres™ Base (and any range or value there between).

[0294] In an embodiment, Octocrylene may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, a Skin Protectant and/or a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 15 % Octocrylene (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 5 % Octocrylene.

[0295] In an embodiment, Octyldodecyl Olivate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent— Emollient/Occlusive, and/or a Viscosity Modifying Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Octyldodecyl Olivate may help in moisturizing skin. Non-limiting alternatives may include true monoi oil, emollients like esters, shine ingredients like silicones, Dimethicone, cyclomethicone, etc. This moisturizing ester is derived from the olive tree. For centuries, the cosmetic industry has known the benefits and richness the oil from the olive can provide.

[0296] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Octyldodecyl Olivate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3 % Octyldodecyl Olivate.

[0297] In an embodiment, Olus Oil (consisting primarily of triglycerides of fatty acids) may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Olus Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3.5 % Olus Oil.

[0298] In an embodiment, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent - Emollient, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil (and any range or value there between).

[0299] In an embodiment, Panthenol may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Panthenol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1 % Panthenol.

[0300] In an embodiment, Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5 may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.0001 % or about 0.0002 % Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5.

[0301] In an embodiment, Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5 Diaminohydroxybutyrate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % of Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5 Diaminohydroxybutyrate (and any range or value there between).

[0302] In an embodiment, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.0001 % or about 0.0002 % Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7. [0303] In an embodiment, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.0001 % or about 0.0002 % Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1.

[0304] In an embodiment, Pentylene Glycol may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Pentylene Glycol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1.0 % or about 2.1 % Pentylene Glycol.

[0305] In an embodiment, Pentylene Glycol, 4-t-Butylcyclohexanol may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Pentylene Glycol, 4-t- Butylcyclohexanol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1.2 % Pentylene Glycol, 4-t-Butylcyclohexanol.

[0306] In an embodiment, Phellodendron Amurense (Bark) Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Phellodendron Amurense (Bark) Extract (and any range or value there between).

[0307] In an embodiment, Phosphatidylcholine may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Phosphatidylcholine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % Phosphatidylcholine.

[0308] In an embodiment, Phytosphingosine may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.5 % Phytosphingosine (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.003 % or about 0.004 % Phyto sphingo sine .

[0309] In an embodiment, Phytosterols may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Phytosterols (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.2 % or about 0.3 % Phytosterols.

[0310] In an embodiment, Plumeria Auctifolia Flower Extract may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % Plumeria Auctifolia Flower Extract (and any range or value there between).

[0311] In an embodiment, Polyglyceryl-3-Methylglucose Distearate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 0.2 % Polyglyceryl-3- Methylglucose Distearate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.06 % Polyglyceryl-3-Methylglucose Distearate.

[0312] In an embodiment, Polyglyceryl-10-Laurate may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Polyglyceryl-10-Laurate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1 % Polyglyceryl- 10-Laurate.

[0313] In an embodiment, Populus Tremuloides Bark Extract may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Populus Tremuloides Bark Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Populus Tremuloides Bark Extract.

[0314] In an embodiment, Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.00001 % to about 10 % Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.0001 % or about 0.01 % or about 3 % Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil.

[0315] In an embodiment, Rubus Fruticosus (Blackberry) Leaf Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Rubus Fruticosus (Blackberry) Leaf Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % Rubus Fruticosus (Blackberry) Leaf Extract.

[0316] In an embodiment, Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Leaf Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Leaf Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Leaf Extract. [0317] In an embodiment, Saccharum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Saccharum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % or about 1.0 % Saccharum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract.

[0318] In an embodiment, SAL- 14™ may be used as a Humectant, and/or Skin Conditioning Agent - Emollient/Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. SAL- 14™ may comprise from about 12 % to about 28 % of Bidens Pilosa Extract, from about 0.2 % to about 9.7 % of Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil, from about 26 % to about 41 % of Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil, from about 17 % to about 36 % of Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, from about 10 % to about 20 % of Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil and from about 0.01 % to about 0.09 % of Tocopherol. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % of SAL- 14™ (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 4.2 % of SAL- 14™.

[0319] In an embodiment, Santalum Album (Sandalwood) Extract may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Santalum Album (Sandalwood) Extract (and any range or value there between).

[0320] In an embodiment, Sodium Salt of Pyroglutamic Acid (Sodium PCA) may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Sodium PCA (and any range or value there between).

[0321] In an embodiment, Sorbitol may be used as a Humectant and/or a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Sorbitol (and any range or value there between).

[0322] In an embodiment, Sodium Hyaluronate may be used as a Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 0.1 % Sodium Hyaluronate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % Sodium Hyaluronate.

[0323] In an embodiment, Squalane may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 5 % of Squalane (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.7 % or about 1 % Squalane. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % or about 0.2 % Squalane.

[0324] In an embodiment, Sucrose Polycottonseedate may be used as a Skin- Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % of Sucrose Polycottonseedate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2 % Sucrose Polycottonseedate.

[0325] In an embodiment, Syn-Tack™ may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Syn-Tack™ may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10 % Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5, Diaminobutyroyl Hydroxythreonine and Diaminobutyroyl Hydroxythreonine, and from about 90 % to about 99.99 % Water. Palmitoyl Dipeptide-5 and Diaminobutyroyl Hydroxythreonine is a preservative-free (patented) peptide combination for delivering ingredients to help with the appearance of radiant skin. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % Syn-Tack™ (and any range or value there between).

[0326] In an embodiment, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 5 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.8 % or about 0.9 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % or about 0.01 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate.

[0327] In an embodiment, Theobroma Cacoa (Cocoa) Seed Butter may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Theobroma Cacoa (Cocoa) Seed Butter (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1 % of Theobroma Cacoa (Cocoa) Seed Butter.

[0328] In an embodiment, Tetrapeptide-30 may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. Tetrapeptide-30 is peptides that may be selected to topically help with improving the appearance and complexion of healthy skin. Age, environmental stress and harsh conditions often leave uneven skin tones, discoloration and less than youthful skin. This peptide is believed to encourage the skin in maintaining its' own natural vitality. [0329] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % Tetrapeptide-30 (and any range or value there between).

[0330] In an embodiment, Tocopherol (also known as Vitamin E) may be used as an Antioxidant, an Emulsifying Agent, Humectant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, and for other beneficial properties. Tocopherol has been used for generations for its moisturizing, nourishing and protection properties. When used topically, it aids and assists in helping to provide an antioxidant defense for the skin. It is a fat-soluble antioxidant.

[0331] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % Tocopherol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % Tocopherol.

[0332] In an embodiment, Tocopherol Acetate may be used as an Antioxidant, and/or a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Tocopherol Acetate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.7 % or about 0.8 % of Tocopherol Acetate. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 % or about 0.05 % Tocopherol Acetate.

[0333] In an embodiment, Triisononanoin may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Triisononanoin. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1.5 % Triisononanoin.

[0334] In an embodiment, Troxerutin may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Troxerutin (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Troxerutin.

[0335] In an embodiment, Ubiquinone (also known as CoQ-10) may be used as an Anti-Aging Agent, an Antioxidant, a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or Skin Protectant, and for other beneficial properties. Ubiquinone may have additional beneficial properties. This potent Antioxidant is important in assisting the cells in the building of collagen and elastin. Antioxidants are used in cosmetics to help prevent and slow down the signs of aging, as well as for protection and preservation. [0336] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % of Ubiquinone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % or about 0.01 % Ubiquinone.

[0337] Solvents

[0338] In an embodiment, 1,2-Hexanediol may be used as a Solvent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 5 % 1,2-Hexanediol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % or about 1 % 1,2-Hexanediol.

[0339] In an embodiment, Propanediol may be used as a Solvent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 15 % Propanediol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 2 % or about 5 % Propoanediol.

[0340] In an embodiment, Water may be used as a Solvent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 20 % to about 80 % Water (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise from about 40 % to about 60 % Water. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 41 % or about 50 % or about 55 % Water.

[0341] Surfactants

[0342] In an embodiment, Arachidyl Glucoside may be used as a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Arachidyl Glucoside (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.2 % Arachidyl Glucoside.

[0343] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, an Opacifying Agent, a Surfactant, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10 % Cetearyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % to about 2.4 % Cetearyl Alcohol.

[0344] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Glucoside may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Cetearyl Glucoside (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % Cetearyl Glucoside. [0345] In an embodiment, Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, a Skin-Conditioning Agent and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 6 % Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.6 % or about 1.4 % Glyceryl Stearate and/or PEG- 100 Stearate.

[0346] In an embodiment, Polysorbate 20 may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 10 % Polysorbate 20 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % or about 3.2 % Polysorbate 20.

[0347] In an embodiment, Polysorbate 60 may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Polysorbate 60 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.02 % Polysorbate 60.

[0348] In an embodiment, Polysorbate 80 may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Polysorbate 80 (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 % Polysorbate 80.

[0349] In an embodiment, Sorbitan Isostearate may be used as a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.0001 % to about 0.5 % Sorbitan Isostearate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.006 % Sorbitan Isostearate.

[0350] In an embodiment, Sorbitan Oleate may be used as a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Sorbitan Oleate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % Sorbitan Oleate.

[0351] In an embodiment, Sorbitan Stearate may be used as a Surfactant, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.01 % to about 1 % Sorbitan Stearate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Sorbitan Stearate. [0352] UV Absorbing Agent

[0353] In an embodiment, Avobenzone may be used as a Skin Conditioning Agent, a Skin Protectant and/or a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10 % Avobenzone (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3.0 % Avobenzone.

[0354] In an embodiment, Octinoxate may be used as a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 15 % Octinoxate (and any range or value there beween). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 5 % Octinoxate.

[0355] In an embodiment, Octisalate may be used as a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 15 % Octisalate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 4.5 % Octisalate.

[0356] In an embodiment, Octocrylene may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, a Skin Protectant and/or a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 15 % Octocrylene (and any range or value there beween). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 5 % Octocrylene.

[0357] In an embodiment, Homosalate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent, a Skin Protectant and/or a UV Absorbing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 20 % Homosalate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 9 % Homosalate.

[0358] Viscosity Increasing Agent

[0359] In an embodiment, Carbomer may be used as a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Carbomer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.2 % Carbomer.

[0360] In an embodiment, Cetyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Cetyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % of Cetyl Alcohol.

[0361] In an embodiment, Cetearyl Alcohol may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, an Opacifying Agent, a Surfactant, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 10 % Cetearyl Alcohol (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.9 % or about 2.4 % Cetearyl Alcohol.

[0362] In an embodiment, Chondrus Crispus Powder may be used as a Viscosity Increasing Agent. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Chondrus Crispus Powder (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.5 % Chondrus Crispus Powder.

[0363] In an embodiment, Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.2 % Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer.

[0364] In an embodiment, Montanov™ L, which may be supplied by SEPPIC, may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, an Opacifying Agent, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Montanov™ L may comprise about 80 % Cetearyl Alcohol and about 20 % Ceary Glucoside. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 2 % Montanov™ L (and any range or value there between).

[0365] In an embodiment, Octyldodecyl Olivate may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent— Emollient/Occlusive, and/or a Viscosity Modifying Agent, and for other beneficial properties. Octyldodecyl Olivate may help in moisturizing skin. Non-limiting alternatives may include true monoi oil, emollients like esters, shine ingredients like silicones, Dimethicone, cyclomethicone, etc. This moisturizing ester is derived from the olive tree. For centuries, the cosmetic industry has known the benefits and richness the oil from the olive can provide.

[0366] In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 1 % to about 10 % of Octyldodecyl Olivate (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 3 % Octyldodecyl Olivate. [0367] In an embodiment, Sodium Acrylate/C10-C30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross-Polymer may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 1 % of Sodium Acrylate/C10-C30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross-Polymer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.05 % Sodium Acrylate/C10-C30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross-Polymer.

[0368] In an embodiment, Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer may be used as an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.1 % or about 0.2 % Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate CoPolymer.

[0369] In an embodiment, Triisononanoin may be used as a Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Triisononanoin. In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 1.5 % Triisononanoin.

[0370] In an embodiment, Xanthan Gum may be used as a Binder, an Emulsifying Agent, an Emulsion Stabilizer, and/or a Viscosity Increasing Agent, and for other beneficial properties. In certain aspects, a composition may comprise from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Xanthan Gum (and any range or value there between). In other aspects, a composition may comprise about 0.03 %, or about 0.1 % or about 0.8 % Xanthan Gum.

[0371] It will be appreciated to one of skill in the art that known natural and man- made alternatives to any of the above ingredients may be used in substitution.

[0372] Compositions

[0373] Referring to FIG. 1, a non- limiting illustrative embodiment of a composition, which may be used in the morning or at night, but, preferably, in the morning, includes a combination, either all or in part, according to ingredients and the contributing percentage of each ingredient. It will be appreciated to one of skill in the art that the percentages provided are for purposes of example only and that the percentages may vary. Further, it will be appreciated to one of skill in the art that known natural or man-made alternatives to any the above ingredients may be used in substitution.

[0374] In an embodiment, the composition comprises: from about 1 % to about 15 % Glycerine, from about 1 % to about 12 % Cyclopentasiloxane, from about 0.001 % to about 12 % Butylene Glycol, from about 0.1 % to about 10 % Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Cetearyl Alcohol, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Betaine, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Cetyl Ethylheaxanoate, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Butyrospermum Parki (Shea) Butter, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Ethylhexyl Palmitate, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, from about 0.01 % to about 10 % Silica, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Pentylene Glycol, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Macadamia Integrifolia Seed Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Dimethicone, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Arachidyl Alcohol, from about 0.01 % to about 6 % Glyceryl Stearate, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Cetearyl Glucoside, from about 0.01 % to about 6 % PEG- 100 Stearate, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Saccarum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Chondrus Crispus Extract, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Bidens Pilosa Extract, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Behenyl Alcohol, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Phenoxyethanol, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Synthetic Beeswax, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Caprylyl Glycol, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Dimethiconol, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Arachidyl Glucoside, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Carbomer, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Tromethamine, from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Isohexadecane, Tocopheryl Acetate, from about 0.01 % to about 10 % Dissodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Adenosine, from about 0.001 % to about 0.1 % Polysorbate 80, from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Xanthan Gum, from about 0.001 % to about 1.5 % Disodium EDTA, from about 0.001 % to about 1 % Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil, from about 0.001 % to about 0.1 % Sodium Hyaluronate, from about 0.001 % to about 5 % Squalane, from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Allantoin, from about 0.0001 % to about 10 % Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil, from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Sorbitan Oleate, from about 0.001 % to about 10 % Polysorbate 20, from 0.001 % to about 5 % Veratric Acid, from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Jojoba Esters, from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % Ceramide 3, from about 0.0001 % to about 0.5 % Phytosphingosine, from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % Tocopherol, from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % Ubiquinone, from about 0.0001 % to about 5 % Tetrahexyldecyl Asorbate, from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % Centella Asiaica Extract, from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, from about 0.00001 % to about 1 % Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, from about 0.000001 % to about 0.1 % Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract and from about 20 % to about 80 % Water.

[0375] As shown in FIG. 1, the composition may comprise: about 7.1 % Glycerine, Cycopentasiloxane, about 5.4 % Butylene Glycol, about 3.0 % Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, about 2.4 % Cetearyl Alcohol, about 2.0 % Betaine, about 2.0 % Cetyl Ethylheaxanoate, about 2.0 % Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, about 2.0 % Ethylhexyl Palmitate, about 1.1 % Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, about 1.0 % Silica, about 1.0 % Pentylene Glycol, about 1.0 % Macadamia Integrifolia Seed Oil, about 0.7 % Dimethicone, about 0.7 % Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil, about 0.7 % Arachidyl Alcohol, about 0.6 % Glyceryl Stearate, about 0.6 % Cetearyl Glucoside, about 0.6 % PEG- 100 Stearate, about 0.5 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, about 0.5 % Saccarum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract, about 0.5 % Chondrus Crispus Extract, about 0.4 % Bidens Pilosa Extract, about 0.4 % Behenyl Alcohol, about 0.3 % Phenoxyethanol, about 0.3 % Synthetic Beeswax, about 0.3 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil, about 0.2 % Caprylyl Glycol, about 0.2 % Dimethyiconol, about 0.2 % Arachidyl Glucoside, about 0.2 % Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, about 0.2 % Carbomer, about 0.1 % Tromethamine, about 0.1 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil, about 0.1 % Isohexane, about 0.1 % Tocopheryl Acetate, about 0.1 % Dissodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, about 0.04 % Adenosine, about 0.03 % Polysorbate 80, about 0.03 % Xanthan Gum, about 0.02 % Disodium EDTA, about 0.02 % Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil, about 0.01 % Sodium Hyaluronate, about 0.01 % Squalane, about 0.01 % Allantoin, about 0.01 % Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil, about 0.01 % Sorbitan Oleate, about 0.01 % Polysorbate 20, about 0.01 % Veratric Acid, about 0.01 % Jojoba Esters, about 0.004 % Ceramide 3, about 0.004 % Phytosphingosine, about 0.001 % Tocopherol, about 0.001 % Ubiquinone, about 0.001 % Tetrahexyldecyl Asorbate, about 0.0002 % Centella Asiaica Extract, about 0.0002 % Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, about 0.0001 % Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, about 0.00001 % Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract and about 55 % Water.

[0376] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary, non-limiting embodiment, of a composition that may be used either in the morning or at night, but, preferably, at night, includes a combination, either all or in part, according to ingredient and the contributing percentage of each ingredient. It will be appreciated to one of ordinary skill that the percentages provided are for purposes of example only and that the percentages may vary and substitute ingredients noted, and known in the art, may be used.

[0377] In an embodiment, the composition comprises: from about 0.1 % to about 15 % Albumen, from about 1 % to about 15 % Glycerin, from about 1 % to about 15 % Propanediol, from about 0.1 % to about 10 % Caprylic/Capric Triglycerinde, from about 1 % to about 10 % Hydrogenated Poly(C6-C14 Olefin), from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Pentylene Glycol, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Stearyl Alcohol, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Sucrose Polycottonseedate, from about 0.01 % to about 6 % Glyceryl Stearate, from about 0.01 % to about 6 % PEG- 100 Stearate, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % 1,2-Hexanediol, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter, from about 0.1 % to about 5 % Panthenol, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Saccarum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Chondrus Crispus Extract, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Myristyl Alcohol, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Elaeis Guineenis (Palm) Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Synthetic Beeswax, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Dimethicone, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Sorbitan Stearate, from about 0.001 % to about 5 % Veratric Acid, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Bidens Pilosa Extract, from about 0.01 % to about 5 % Phenoxyethanol, from about 0.01 % to about 2 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Caprylyl Glycol, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Hydrogenated Lecithin, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Phytosterols, from about 0.001 % to about 5 % Squalane, from about 0.01 % to about 1 % Copernicia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Phosphatidylcholine, from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Arginine, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloydimethyl Taurate, from about 0.01 % to about 1.5 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil, from about 0.001 % to about 0.2 % Polyglyceryl-3 Methylglucose Distearate, from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Ethylhexyl Glycerin, from about 0.001 % to about 10 % Disodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, from about 0.001 % to about 0.5 % Adenosine, from about 0.001 % to about 1.5 % Disodium EDTA, from about 0.01 % to about 0.5 % Tocopheryl Acetate, from about 0.001 % to about 2 % Xanthan Gum, from about 0.001 % to about 0.1 % Polysorbate 60, from about 0.001 % to about 12 % Butylene Glycol, from about 0.0001 % to about 5 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, from about 0.0001 % to about 0.5 % Sorbitan Isostearate, from about 0.0001 % to about 0.1 % Tocopherol, from about 0.01 % to about 0.4 % Centella Asiatica Extract, from about 0.000001 % to about 5 % Cucumis Satvus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract, from about 0.00001 % to about 10 % Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil, from about 0.0000001 % to about 0.1 % Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract, and from about 20 % to about 80 % Water.

[0378] As shown by FIG. 2, the composition may comprise: about 7.0 % Albumen, about 5.0 % Glycerin, about 5.0 % Propanediol, about 4.9 % Caprylic/Capric Triglycerinde, about 3.5 % Hydrogenated Poly(C6-C14 Olefin), about 2.1 % Pentylene Glycol, about 2.0 % Stearyl Alcohol, about 2.0 % Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, about 2.0 % Sucrose Polycottonseedate, about 1.4 % Glyceryl Stearate, about 1.4 % PEG- 100 Stearate, about 1.1 % Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, about 1.0 % 1,2-Hexanediol, about 1.00 % Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter, about 1.00 % Panthenol, about 1.0 % Saccarum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract, about 1.0 % Chondrus Crispus Extract, about 0.8 % Myristyl Alcohol, about 0.7 % Elaeis Guineenis (Palm) Oil, about 0.6 % Synthetic Beeswax, about 0.5 % Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Oil, about 0.5 % Dimethicone, about 0.5 % Sorbitan Stearate, about 0.5 % Veratric Acid, about 0.4 % Bidens Pilosa Extract, about 0.38 % Phenoxyethanol, about 0.3 % Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil, about 0.3 % Caprylyl Glycol, about 0.3 % Hydrogenated Lecithin, about 0.3 % Phytosterols, about 0.2 % Squalane, about 0.2 % Copernicia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax, about 0.2 % Phosphatidylcholine, about 0.2 % Arginine, about 0.2 % Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloydimethyl Taurate, about 0.1 % Mauritia Flexuosa Fruit Oil, about 0.1 % Polyglyceryl-3 Methylglucose Distearate, about 0.1 % Ethylhexyl Glycerin, about 0.1 % Disodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, about 0.04 % Adenosine, about 0.03 % Disodium EDTA, about 0.03 % Tocopheryl Acetate, about 0.03 % Xanthan Gum, about 0.02 % Polysorbate 60, about 0.01 % Butylene Glycol, about 0.01 % Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, about 0.006 % Sorbitan Isostearate, about 0.001 % Tocopherol, about 0.0002 % Centella Asiatica Extract, about 0.0002 % Cucumis Satvus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract, about 0.0001 % Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil, about 0.000001 % Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract, and about 50 % Water.

[0379] In the foregoing description of certain embodiments, specific terminology has been resorted to for the sake of clarity. The disclosure, however, is not intended to be limited to the specific terms so selected, and it is to be understood that each specific term includes other technical equivalents that operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar technical purpose. [0380] In addition, the foregoing describes only some embodiments of the invention(s), and alterations, modifications, additions and/or changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosed embodiments, the embodiments being illustrative and not restrictive.

[0381] Furthermore, invention(s) have described in connection with what are presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention(s). Also, the various embodiments described above may be implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, e.g., aspects of an embodiment may be combined with aspects of another embodiment to realize yet other embodiments. Further, each independent feature or component of any given assembly may constitute an additional embodiment.

[0382] Other Definitions

[0383] As used herein, the terms "a," "an," "the," and "said" mean one or more, unless the context dictates otherwise.

[0384] As used herein, the term "about" means the stated value plus or minus a margin of error or plus or minus 10% if no method of measurement is indicated.

[0385] As used herein, the term "or" means "and/or" unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or if the alternatives are mutually exclusive.

[0386] As used herein, the terms "comprising," "comprises," and "comprise" are open-ended transition terms used to transition from a subject recited before the term to one or more elements recited after the term, where the element or elements listed after the transition term are not necessarily the only elements that make up the subject.

[0387] As used herein, the terms "containing," "contains," and "contain" have the same open-ended meaning as "comprising," "comprises," and "comprise," provided above.

[0388] As used herein, the terms "having," "has," and "have" have the same open- ended meaning as "comprising," "comprises," and "comprise," provided above.

[0389] As used herein, the terms "including," "includes," and "include" have the same open-ended meaning as "comprising," "comprises," and "comprise," provided above.

[0390] As used herein, the phrase "consisting of is a closed transition term used to transition from a subject recited before the term to one or more material elements recited after the term, where the material element or elements listed after the transition term are the only material elements that make up the subject.

[0391] As used herein, the term "simultaneously" means occurring at the same time or about the same time, including concurrently.

[0392] Incorporation By Reference. All patents and patent applications, articles, reports, and other documents cited herein are fully incorporated by reference to the extent they are not inconsistent with this invention.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A topical composition comprising:

(e) extract of bidens pilosa;

(f) isoprenylcysteine;

(g) dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt; and

(h) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.

2. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is a compound of formula:

3. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy- 2-((3,7,l l,15,19-pentamethyl-eicos-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

and any variations thereof, including all isomers, enantiomers and potential conversions to salts, esters, polymorphs, hydrates and/or solvates of the N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7, 11, 15,19- pentamethyl-eicos-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt.

4. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy- 2-((3,7,l l,15-tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

5. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy- 2-((3,7,l l-trimethyl-dodec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

6. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is Disodium Trimethyldodecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, Disodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine and/or Disodium Pentamethyleicosenyl Succinoyl Cysteine.

7. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the isoprenylcysteine has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 10 %.

8. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the isoprenylcysteine has a concentration of about 0.05 %.

9. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt of formula:

10. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt is 3,4- Dimethoxybenzoic acid or salt.

11. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 5 %.

12. The topical composition of claim 1, wherein the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt has a concentration of about 0.5 %.

13. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising adenosine.

14. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising cocos nucifera (coconut) oil.

15. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising sucrose polycottonseedate.

16. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising theobroma cacao (cocoa) seed butter.

17. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising panthenol.

18. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising saccharum officinarum extract.

19. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising chondus crispus extract.

20. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising dimethicone.

21. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising tocopheryl acetate.

22. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate.

23. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising centella asiatica extract.

24. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root extract.

25. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising butyrospermum parki (shea) butter.

26. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising macadamia integrifolia seed oil.

27. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising dimethiconol.

28. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising macadamia ternifolia seed oil.

29. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising ceramide 3.

30. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising ubiquinone.

31. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising camellia sinensis (green tea) leaf extract.

32. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more of aloe barbadensis leaf juice powder or water, natural or synthetic albumen, C20-P-ionone derivatives, glycerine, plumeria acutifolia flower extract and ricinius communis (castor) seed oil.

33. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more of mauritia flexuosa fruit oil, elaeis guineessis (palm) oil, gossypium herbaceum (cotton) seed oil, linum usitatissimum (linseed) seed oil and tocopherol.

34. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more caprylyl glycol, caprylic/capric triglyceride, cucumis sativus (cucumber) fruit extract and phenylpropanol.

35. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising jojoba esters and tocopherol.

36. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more of leuconostoc/radish root ferment filtrate, lonicera caprifolium (honeysuckle) flower extract, lonicera japonica (honeysuckle) flower extract, populous tremuloides bark extract and gluconolacetone.

37. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising glycerine and pancratium maritimum extract.

38. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising one of more of palmitoyl dipeptide-5, diaminobuyyroyl hydroxythreonine, and palmitoyl dipeptide-5 diamino hydro xybutyrate.

39. The topical composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more of avobenzone, octinoxate, octisalate, octocrylene and homosalate.

40. A method for treating an area of skin to reduce DNA fragmentation induced by ultraviolet radiation comprising:

(i) an extract of bidens pilosa;

(ii) isoprenylcysteine;

(iii) dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt; and

(iv) a dermatologically acceptable carrier.

41. The method of claim 40, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is a compound of formula:

42. The method of claim 40, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy-2- ((3,7,11, 15, 19-pentamethyl-eicos-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

43. The method of claim 40, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy-2- ((3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

44. The method of claim 40, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is N-[l-Carboxy-2-((3,7,l l- trimethyl-dodec-2-enyl)sulfanyl)-ethyl]succinamic acid or salt of formula:

45. The method of claim 40, wherein the isoprenylcysteine is Disodium Trimethyldodecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine, Disodium Tetramethylhexadecenyl Succinoyl Cysteine and/or Disodium Pentamethyleicosenyl Succinoyl Cysteine.

46. The method of claim 40, wherein the isoprenylcysteine has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 10 %.

47. The method of claim 40, wherein the isoprenylcysteine has a concentration of about 0.05 %.

48. The method of claim 40, wherein the diali hoxybenzoic acid or salt of formula:

49. The method of claim 40, wherein the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt is 3,4- Dimethoxybenzoic acid or salt.

50. The method of claim 40, wherein the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt has a concentration from about 0.001 % to about 5 %.

51. The method of claim 40, wherein the dialiphoxybenzoic acid or salt has a concentration of about 0.5 %.

52. The method of claim 40 further comprising adenosine.

53. The method of claim 40 further comprising cocos nucifera (coconut) oil.

54. The method of claim 40 further comprising sucrose polycottonseedate.

55. The method of claim 40 further comprising theobroma cacao (cocoa) seed butter.

56. The method of claim 40 further comprising panthenol.

57. The method of claim 40 further comprising saccharum officinarum extract.

58. The method of claim 40 further comprising chondus crispus extract.

59. The method of claim 40 further comprising dimethicone.

60. The method of claim 40 further comprising tocopheryl acetate.

61. The method of claim 40 further comprising tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate.

62. The method of claim 40 further comprising centella asiatica extract.

63. The method of claim 40 further comprising glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root extract.

64. The method of claim 40 further comprising butyrospermum parki (shea) butter.

65. The method of claim 40 further comprising macadamia integrifolia seed oil.

66. The method of claim 40 further comprising dimethiconol.

67. The method of claim 40 further comprising macadamia ternifolia seed oil.

68. The method of claim 40 further comprising ceramide 3.

69. The method of claim 40 further comprising ubiquinone.

70. The method of claim 40 further comprising camellia sinensis (green tea) leaf extract.

71. The method of claim 40 further comprising one or more of aloe barbadensis leaf juice powder or water, natural or synthetic albumen, C20-P-ionone derivatives, glycerine, plumeria acutifolia flower extract and ricinius communis (castor) seed oil.

72. The method of claim 40 further comprising one or more of mauritia flexuosa fruit oil, elaeis guineessis (palm) oil, gossypium herbaceum (cotton) seed oil, linum usitatissimum (linseed) seed oil and tocopherol.

73. The method of claim 40 further comprising one or more caprylyl glycol, caprylic/capric triglyceride, cucumis sativus (cucumber) fruit extract and phenylpropanol.

74. The method of claim 40 further comprising jojoba esters and tocopherol.

75. The method of claim 40 further comprising one or more of leuconostoc/radish root ferment filtrate, lonicera caprifolium (honeysuckle) flower extract, lonicera japonica (honeysuckle) flower extract, populous tremuloides bark extract and gluconolacetone.

76. The method of claim 40 further comprising glycerine and pancratium maritimum extract.

77. The method of claim 40 further comprising one of more of palmitoyl dipeptide-5, diaminobuyyroyl hydroxythreonine, and palmitoyl dipeptide-5 diaminohydroxybutyrate.

78. The method of claim 40 further comprising one or more of avobenzone, octinoxate, octisalate, octocrylene and homosalate.

79. The method of claim 40 further comprising cleansing the area of the skin prior to applying the composition.

80. The method of claim 40 further comprising applying the composition once daily in the morning.

81. The method of claim 40 further comprising applying the composition once daily in the evening.

82. The method of claim 40 further comprising applying the composition once in the morning and once in the evening.

83. The method of claim 40 further comprising applying the composition as needed for moisturizing the area of skin.

84. The method of claim 40 further comprising applying the composition for treating the area of skin to reduce appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, discoloration, uneven texture, enlarged pores, aging or loose skin.