WO2018100693A1 - Machine tool and processing machine line - Google Patents
Machine tool and processing machine line Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018100693A1 WO2018100693A1 PCT/JP2016/085610 JP2016085610W WO2018100693A1 WO 2018100693 A1 WO2018100693 A1 WO 2018100693A1 JP 2016085610 W JP2016085610 W JP 2016085610W WO 2018100693 A1 WO2018100693 A1 WO 2018100693A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- turret
- chuck
- machine
- workpiece
- spindle
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/24—Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/24—Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets
- B23B29/32—Turrets adjustable by power drive, i.e. turret heads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine tool that delivers workpieces to and from the adjacent machine tool by a turret device, and a processing machine line including the machine tool.
- Patent Document 1 listed below discloses an automatic workpiece transfer machine for transferring workpieces between machine tools.
- a transfer robot moves in front of a machine tool, and the transfer robot delivers a workpiece to and from a chuck device inside the machine tool.
- a transport rail is installed at the front of the gantry on which multiple machine tools are mounted, and a traveling platform is movably mounted on the rail, and a transport robot that delivers workpieces is mounted on the traveling platform. Has been.
- JP 2010-155300 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-130873
- an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool provided with a transport function in a turret device and a processing machine line including the machine tool in order to solve such a problem.
- the machine tool according to one aspect of the present invention can be attached to a spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for a spindle that is supported by rotation, a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, and the like.
- a turret device that rotates around a turning rotary shaft disposed on the turret, a turret drive device that moves the turret device in a longitudinal direction parallel to the main shaft rotational axis and a vertical direction of the aircraft, and And a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck.
- a machining machine line can be attached to a spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for a spindle supported for rotation, a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, and the like.
- a turret device that rotates about a turning rotary shaft arranged in the vertical direction; and a turret drive device that moves the turret device in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft parallel to the rotary shaft for the main shaft and in the vertical direction of the aircraft perpendicular to the main axis.
- a plurality of machine tools having a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck are arranged close to each other in the machine body width direction.
- the turret device on which the turret chuck is mounted is moved and positioned by the turret drive device in the longitudinal direction of the machine body and in the vertical direction of the machine body, and the turret chuck is positioned in the machine body width direction by the turning index of the turret device Then, the turret chuck is moved in the width direction of the machine body by the turret chuck driving device, so that the workpieces can be delivered between the machine tools arranged in the width direction.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing two machine tools that are part of a processing machine line.
- the processing machine line 1 in addition to the machine tool 10 shown in the figure, other machine tools, inspection machines, temporary placement tables, and the like are arranged.
- a machine tool or the like is modularized and covered with an exterior cover having the same outer shape and dimensions.
- the machine tool 10 and the like are mounted on the base 2 as a base in a replaceable state. That is, a rail is laid on the base 2, and the machine tool 10 and the like are assembled on a movable bed 18 that can move on the rail.
- the machine tool 10 according to the present embodiment is designed to have a small width dimension, and adjacent to each other as shown in the figure, the entire processing machine line 1 is compact.
- FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of the machine tool.
- the machine tool 10 is a turret lathe provided with a rotary tool such as an end mill or a drill or a cutting tool such as a cutting tool. Therefore, the machine tool 10 includes a spindle device 11 including a spindle chuck 16 that holds and holds the workpiece W, a turret device 12 including a tool, and a Z-axis drive that moves the turret device 12 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction.
- the apparatus 13 and the X-axis drive device 14, and the control device 15 for controlling each drive device are included.
- the machine tool 10 is assembled so that the rotation axis (main axis) of the main spindle device 11 that rotates the workpiece W is in the longitudinal direction of the machine body and is horizontal.
- the Z axis is a horizontal axis parallel to the main axis of the main spindle device 11.
- the X-axis of the machine tool 10 is the machine body vertical direction orthogonal to the Z-axis, and is a moving axis that causes the tool of the turret device 12 to advance and retreat with respect to the Z-axis.
- the X-axis direction is set to the vertical direction in order to reduce the width dimension.
- the machine tool 1 is a two-axis lathe that moves the tool of the turret device 12 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction with respect to the workpiece W held by the spindle chuck 16.
- the machine body width direction of the machine tool 10 orthogonal to the main axis is the Y-axis direction.
- the spindle device 11 is configured such that a spindle chuck 16 and a driven pulley are integrally formed with a spindle that is rotatably supported, and the rotation of the spindle servomotor 21 is transmitted via a V-belt.
- the turret device 12 is configured integrally with the Z-axis slider 23 of the Z-axis drive device 13 and is mounted on the X-axis slider 27 of the X-axis drive device 14 together with the Z-axis slider 23.
- a Z-axis guide 24 is fixed to the X-axis slider 27, and the Z-axis slider 23 is slidably attached to the Z-axis guide 24.
- a screw shaft 25 is attached to a support frame fixed to a Z-axis guide 24 via a bearing, and the screw shaft 25 is screwed to a non-rotating nut in the Z-axis slider 23 to be a ball screw mechanism. Is configured.
- the rotation of the Z-axis servomotor 22 is transmitted to the screw shaft 25, and the Z-axis slider 23 is linearly moved via a nut.
- the X-axis drive device 14 that supports the Z-axis drive device 13 and the turret device 12 is assembled to a column 26 installed beside the spindle device 11.
- the X-axis drive device 14 is configured to raise and lower the Z-axis drive device 13 on the spindle device 11 so as to suppress the width dimension of the machine tool 10.
- an X-axis slider 27 is slidably attached in the vertical direction via a guide formed in the column 26.
- a screw shaft 28 arranged in the vertical direction is rotatably supported on the column 26, and the screw shaft 28 is screwed into a non-rotating nut in the X-axis slider 27 to constitute a ball screw mechanism.
- the rotation of the X-axis servomotor 29 is transmitted to the screw shaft 28, and the X-axis slider 27 is moved up and down via a nut.
- the work W held by the spindle chuck 16 rotates, and the turret device 12 moves by driving the Z-axis drive device 13 and the X-axis drive device 14, and the tool is applied to the work W. Then, predetermined processing such as cutting is performed.
- workpieces are sequentially conveyed to a plurality of machine tools 10.
- an automatic workpiece conveyance machine is installed in front of the machine tool 10, and the workpiece is transferred to and from each machine tool 10.
- the workpieces are directly transferred between the machine tools 10 without providing an automatic workpiece transfer machine.
- the workpiece is conveyed by a turret chuck assembled to the turret device 12.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the turret device 12
- FIG. 4 is a side view simply showing the attachment state of the turret chuck to the turret device 12.
- the turret device 12 swivels a tool table 31 around a rotation axis parallel to the X axis, and performs a swivel index for performing swivel indexing of a plurality of cutting tools 32 and turret chucks 33 and 34 attached to the tool table 31.
- a dispensing mechanism is provided.
- the rotation indexing mechanism is not shown in detail, the rotation output of the turret motor 35 (see FIG. 2) is transmitted to the rotation shaft via the gear, and the rotation of the rotation shaft is further transmitted to the tool base 31. It is configured.
- the turning shaft can be displaced in the axial direction by a hydraulic cylinder, and the gear fixed to the turning shaft and the gear fixed to the tool base 31 can be switched between the meshed state and the separated state. ing. That is, in the turning index mechanism, an indexing state in which the rotation of the turret motor 35 is transmitted to the tool base 31 and a non-indexing state in which the rotation is not transmitted are switched. Further, the turret device 12 is configured with a turret chuck drive device for moving the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34.
- the turning shaft described above is a hollow shaft, and a tool shaft 36 is inserted therein and is rotated by a turret motor 35.
- the gear fixed to the tool shaft 36 and the gear fixed to the turning shaft are switched between the meshed state and the separated state by the turning of the turning shaft in the axial direction by the hydraulic cylinder. Yes.
- the tool shaft 36 and the turning shaft rotate, and when both gears are separated, only the tool shaft 36 receives the output of the turret motor 35 and rotates. It is supposed to be.
- the tool shaft 36 constitutes a chuck driving device for displacing the turret chucks 33 and 34 in the radial direction.
- the tool shaft 36 constitutes a rotation drive device for rotating the rotary tool when the rotary tool is attached to the tool table 31.
- FIG. 5 is a view of the turret device 12 as viewed from below.
- the tool base 31 has an octagonal shape when viewed from below, and a cutting tool 32 and the like are attached to the outer peripheral side surface portion thereof.
- a base block 38 is fixed to the lower surface of the tool base 31, and a pair of turret chucks 33, 34 are attached symmetrically thereto.
- the turret chuck driving device has a configuration for linearly moving the turret chucks 33 and 34 in the radial direction.
- the turret chucks 33 and 34 are three-jaw chucks, and are configured by the same chuck mechanism that grips and releases the workpiece in the chuck by air.
- the turret chucks 33 and 34 are both fixed to the guide rod 42 inserted into the base block 38 via a bracket.
- the guide rod 42 is inserted into a guide hole formed in the base block 38 and can move in the radial direction.
- a rack gear 421 is formed on a part of the guide rod 42.
- the tool shaft 36 has a lower end extending into the base block 38, and a pinion gear 361 is integrally formed at the lower end.
- the pair of rack gears 421 are engaged with each other so as to sandwich the pinion gear 361, and the turret chucks 33 and 34 are moved in the reverse direction by the rotation of the tool shaft 36.
- FIG. 5 when the tool shaft 36 rotates in the clockwise direction, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 moves toward the center of rotation, and conversely, if the tool shaft 36 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 rotate. It moves in the direction away from the center.
- the guide rod 42 serves as a guide for linear movement of the turret chucks 33 and 34.
- the guide rod 42 has a cylindrical shape, the turret chucks 33 and 34 lose their balance due to their own weight. Therefore, a sub rod 43 for maintaining the posture of the turret chucks 33 and 34 is provided in parallel with the guide rod 42 and is inserted into a guide hole formed in the base block 38.
- a plurality of machine tools 10 are installed close to each other in the width direction as shown in FIG. 1, and the workpieces W are sequentially conveyed from the upstream side.
- the workpiece W is sent from the right side to the left side of the drawing.
- 6 to 10 are views showing a state of conveyance of the workpiece W by the turret device 12.
- the workpiece W is gripped by the spindle chuck 16, and the workpiece is rotated by the rotation of the spindle.
- a predetermined one is swiveled and indexed from a plurality of cutting tools (inner diameter machining blade, outer diameter machining blade, etc.) 32.
- the cutting tool 32 of the turret device 12 is positioned in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by driving of the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14, and the cutting tool 32 is applied to the rotating workpiece W to be predetermined. Cutting is performed.
- the workpiece W is delivered to and from the spindle chuck 16, and the turret chucks 33 and 34 of the turret device 12 are used for the work.
- the turret chuck 33 is in charge of the workpiece W before processing in its own machine tool 10
- the turret chuck 34 is in charge of the workpiece W after processing. Therefore, when the workpiece W processed as described above is transported to the next process, the turret chuck 34 and the spindle chuck 16 and the Z-axis are rotated by the turning index of the turret device 12 as shown in FIG. It is arranged at a position facing the direction.
- the turret device 12 is lowered according to the height of the workpiece W by driving the X-axis drive device 14 as shown by arrows in FIGS. 6 and 7, and moved to the spindle chuck 16 side by driving the Z-axis drive device 13. And get closer.
- the turret chuck 34 is further moved closer to the workpiece W. That is, in the turret device 12, the rotation of the turret motor 35 is transmitted to the tool shaft 36, and the integrally formed pinion gear 361 rotates. Therefore, the rotation of the pinion gear 361 is converted into the linear motion of the rack gear 421, the guide rod 42 is extended with respect to the base block 38 as shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, and the turret chuck 34 moves to the spindle chuck 16 side. .
- the turret chuck 34 that has reached the workpiece W is gripped by opening and closing the chuck claws.
- the turret chucks 33 and 34 are positioned on the ZX plane by the driving of the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14. Since the machine tool 10 is a Z-axis and X-axis lathe, the turret device 12 cannot be moved in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the tool shaft 36 is rotated by the turret motor 35, and the guide rod 42 is extended with respect to the base block 38 as shown in FIGS. 9 to 10 by the pinion gear 361 and the rack gear 421. Thereby, the turret chucks 33 and 34 move in the Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. Also in the adjacent machine tool 10 configured in the same manner, the turret chucks 33 and 34 move in the Y-axis direction, and the workpiece W is gripped with each other, and the workpiece W is delivered downstream.
- the machine tool 10 is entirely covered with an exterior cover (not shown).
- a front cover 7 is provided at the front of the machine body where the spindle chuck 16 and the turret device 12 are arranged, and the inside thereof is a processing chamber.
- the front cover 7 is provided with an openable / closable door 701 on the front surface portion, and a work delivery port 702 is formed on both side surfaces in the width direction.
- the transfer port 702 is provided with an openable / closable door that can be automatically opened and closed. Therefore, at the time of workpiece transfer shown in FIG. 10, in the adjacent machine tool 10, the upstream turret chuck 34 and the downstream turret chuck 33 grip the workpiece W through the transfer port 702.
- the turret chuck 33 that has received the workpiece W and the turret chuck 34 that has received the workpiece W are returned to the state shown in FIG.
- the turret chuck 33 since the workpiece W is gripped by the turret chuck 33, the turret chuck 33 is arranged at a position facing the spindle chuck 16 in the Z-axis direction by the turning index of the turret device 12 (see FIG. 6). ).
- the workpiece W is transferred from the turret chuck 33 to the spindle chuck 16 in the same manner as when the turret chuck 34 receives the workpiece W from the spindle chuck 16.
- the processing machine line 1 of the present embodiment has a configuration capable of discharging the workpiece W in addition to delivering the workpiece W between the machine tools 10.
- a temporary table is installed in the middle of the line, and an NG workpiece or a workpiece for inspection is placed there.
- the processing machine line becomes larger by the amount of the temporary table, and in order for the operator to take out the workpiece for inspection from the temporary table, the operation must be paused, resulting in a loss of processing time. It will occur.
- the discharge rail 45 is attached between the adjacent machine tools 10 arranged in the width direction.
- the discharge rail 45 is a rail having a groove width matched to the dimension of the workpiece W.
- the discharge rail 45 is disposed below the transport port 702 and is attached to the front cover 7.
- a temporary placement member 46 is attached between the machine tools 10. The temporary placement member 46 temporarily places the workpiece W by the upstream turret chuck 34 when the timing of gripping the workpiece W between the upstream turret chuck 34 and the downstream turret chuck 33 does not match. Is for.
- the turret device 12 grips the workpiece Wx from the spindle chuck 16 by the turret chuck 34, and the turret chuck 34 is arranged in the Y-axis direction by turning indexing (see FIGS. 8 and 9). .
- the turret chucks 33 and 34 attached to the turret device 12 can be moved in the radial direction, the workpiece W is transferred between the adjacent machine tools 10 without using the automatic workpiece transfer machine. That is, the workpiece W can be conveyed.
- the turret device 12 is a two-axis lathe that moves the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction.
- the turret device 12 includes a turret chuck driving device that moves the turret chucks 33 and 34.
- the above effects can be achieved without increasing the size of the machine tool 10.
- the turret chuck driving device utilizes the rotation of the tool shaft 36 for driving the rotary tool, the above-described effects can be achieved by simply improving the configuration of the base block 38 portion. Can do.
- the workpiece W can be transferred between the machine tools 10 by the turret chucks 33 and 34, and the discharge rail 45 is further added, an NG workpiece or an inspection workpiece can be transferred without providing a temporary table. It can be taken out from the processing machine line 1.
- the structure is simple and includes small parts such as the discharge rail 45, the work W can be discharged without cost and without requiring space.
- the discharge is performed by the operation of the turret device 12 which is the same as the conveyance of the workpiece W, the driving of the processing machine line 1 is not temporarily stopped.
- the chuck drive device is configured by the turret motor 35 and the tool shaft 36, but a pinion gear may be attached to the rotation shaft of the motor directly fixed to the base block 38.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
A machine tool having: a main shaft device in which a main shaft chuck for grasping a workpiece is fixed on a rotationally supported main-shaft rotation shaft; a turret device on which a blade, a rotating tool, a turret chuck or the like can be attached, the turret device rotating about a turning rotation shaft disposed in the vertical direction of a machine body; a turret drive device for moving the turret device in the forward and backward direction of the machine body parallel to the main-shaft rotation shaft, and in the orthogonal vertical direction of the machine body; and a turret chuck drive device for moving the turret chuck, whereby a conveying function is provided to the turret device.
Description
本発明は、タレット装置によって隣の工作機械とワークの受渡しを行う工作機械および同工作機械からなる加工機械ラインに関する。
The present invention relates to a machine tool that delivers workpieces to and from the adjacent machine tool by a turret device, and a processing machine line including the machine tool.
複数の工作機械からなる加工機械ラインは、並べられた各々の工作機械に対してワークが順番に送られ、各工程おける切削や穴あけなどの所定の加工が行われる。下記特許文献1には、工作機械の間でワークの受渡しをするためのワーク自動搬送機が開示されている。そのワーク自動搬送機は、工作機械の前を搬送ロボットが移動し、その搬送ロボットが工作機械内部のチャック装置との間でワークを受け渡しするものである。そのため、複数の工作機械を搭載した架台の前部には搬送用レールが敷設され、その上を走行台が移動可能に設けられて、その走行台の上にワークの受渡しを行う搬送ロボットが搭載されている。
In a processing machine line composed of a plurality of machine tools, workpieces are sent to each of the arranged machine tools in order, and predetermined processing such as cutting and drilling in each process is performed. Patent Document 1 listed below discloses an automatic workpiece transfer machine for transferring workpieces between machine tools. In the automatic workpiece transfer machine, a transfer robot moves in front of a machine tool, and the transfer robot delivers a workpiece to and from a chuck device inside the machine tool. For this reason, a transport rail is installed at the front of the gantry on which multiple machine tools are mounted, and a traveling platform is movably mounted on the rail, and a transport robot that delivers workpieces is mounted on the traveling platform. Has been.
加工機械ラインでは、複数ある工作機械に対してワークを順番に送るため、前記従来例のようにワーク自動搬送機の設置が必要になる。前記ワーク自動搬送機の場合には、工作機械の前方に搬送用レールが敷設されるため、ワーク搬送のためのスペースが広く取られている。ワーク自動搬送機は、そのほかにもコラムに架設されたクロスレールにアームロボットが移動可能に組み付けられたものなどがある。従来の加工機械ラインは、こうした搬送機を含む全体の構成が大型化してしまい、工場内で広い設置スペースが必要となってしまっていた。その一方で、前記特許文献2に示すように、タレット装置にチャック装置を搭載した工作機械がある。この工作機械は、作業者がそのチャック装置にワークを掴ませ、主軸チャックとのワークの受け渡しを行う半自動タイプのものである。しかし、これでは作業効率が良くない。
In the processing machine line, since workpieces are sequentially sent to a plurality of machine tools, it is necessary to install an automatic workpiece transfer machine as in the conventional example. In the case of the automatic workpiece transfer machine, a transfer rail is laid in front of the machine tool, so that a space for transferring the workpiece is wide. In addition, there are automatic workpiece transfer machines in which an arm robot is movably assembled to a cross rail built on a column. The conventional processing machine line has a large overall configuration including such a transfer machine, which requires a large installation space in the factory. On the other hand, as shown in Patent Document 2, there is a machine tool in which a chuck device is mounted on a turret device. This machine tool is of a semi-automatic type in which an operator grips a workpiece with the chuck device and transfers the workpiece to and from the spindle chuck. However, this is not efficient.
そこで、本発明は、かかる課題を解決すべく、タレット装置に搬送機能を備えた工作機械およびその工作機械からなる加工機械ラインを提供することを目的とする。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool provided with a transport function in a turret device and a processing machine line including the machine tool in order to solve such a problem.
本発明の一態様における工作機械は、回転支持された主軸用回転軸にワークを把持する主軸チャックが固定された主軸装置と、刃物、回転工具、タレットチャック等が取り付け可能であり、機体上下方向に配置された旋回用回転軸を中心に回転するタレット装置と、前記主軸用回転軸に対して平行な機体前後方向および直交する機体上下方向に前記タレット装置を移動させるタレット用駆動装置と、前記タレットチャックを移動させるタレットチャック用駆動装置とを有する。
The machine tool according to one aspect of the present invention can be attached to a spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for a spindle that is supported by rotation, a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, and the like. A turret device that rotates around a turning rotary shaft disposed on the turret, a turret drive device that moves the turret device in a longitudinal direction parallel to the main shaft rotational axis and a vertical direction of the aircraft, and And a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck.
本発明の他の態様における加工機械ラインは、回転支持された主軸用回転軸にワークを把持する主軸チャックが固定された主軸装置と、刃物、回転工具、タレットチャック等が取り付け可能であり、機体上下方向に配置された旋回用回転軸を中心に回転するタレット装置と、前記主軸用回転軸に対して平行な機体前後方向および直交する機体上下方向に前記タレット装置を移動させるタレット用駆動装置と、前記タレットチャックを移動させるタレットチャック用駆動装置とを有する工作機械が機体幅方向に近接して複数配置されたものである。
A machining machine line according to another aspect of the present invention can be attached to a spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for a spindle supported for rotation, a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, and the like. A turret device that rotates about a turning rotary shaft arranged in the vertical direction; and a turret drive device that moves the turret device in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft parallel to the rotary shaft for the main shaft and in the vertical direction of the aircraft perpendicular to the main axis. A plurality of machine tools having a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck are arranged close to each other in the machine body width direction.
前記開示の構成によれば、タレットチャックを搭載したタレット装置が、タレット用駆動装置によって機体前後方向および機体上下方向に移動して位置決めされ、そのタレット装置の旋回割出しによりタレットチャックが機体幅方向に配置された後、タレットチャック用駆動装置によって機体幅方向にタレットチャックが移動することにより、幅方向に並べられた工作機械同士でワークの受渡しが可能になる。
According to the configuration disclosed above, the turret device on which the turret chuck is mounted is moved and positioned by the turret drive device in the longitudinal direction of the machine body and in the vertical direction of the machine body, and the turret chuck is positioned in the machine body width direction by the turning index of the turret device Then, the turret chuck is moved in the width direction of the machine body by the turret chuck driving device, so that the workpieces can be delivered between the machine tools arranged in the width direction.
次に、本発明に係る工作機械および加工機械ラインの一実施形態について、図面を参照しながら以下に説明する。加工機械ラインは、複数の工作機械などが機体幅方向に並べられ、各々の工作機械に対してワークが順番に送られ、そのワークに対して各工程における所定の加工が行われるようにしたものである。図1は、加工機械ラインの一部である2台の工作機械を示した斜視図である。
Next, an embodiment of a machine tool and a processing machine line according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The processing machine line is a lineup in which multiple machine tools are arranged in the machine body width direction, and workpieces are sent to each machine tool in order, and the workpiece is subjected to predetermined machining in each process. It is. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing two machine tools that are part of a processing machine line.
加工機械ライン1は、図示する工作機械10のほかにも他の工作機械や検測機械、仮置き台などが並べられる。本実施形態では、そうした工作機械などがモジュール化され、外形形状や寸法が揃えられた外装カバーによって覆われている。そして、工作機械10などは基礎となるベース2の上に交換可能な状態で搭載されている。すなわち、ベース2の上にはレールが敷設され、工作機械10などは、そのレール上を移動可能な可動ベッド18に組み付けられている。特に、本実施形態の工作機械10などは、幅寸法が小さく設計され、図示するように隣同士が近接して配置され、加工機械ライン1全体がコンパクトなものとなっている。
In the processing machine line 1, in addition to the machine tool 10 shown in the figure, other machine tools, inspection machines, temporary placement tables, and the like are arranged. In the present embodiment, such a machine tool or the like is modularized and covered with an exterior cover having the same outer shape and dimensions. The machine tool 10 and the like are mounted on the base 2 as a base in a replaceable state. That is, a rail is laid on the base 2, and the machine tool 10 and the like are assembled on a movable bed 18 that can move on the rail. In particular, the machine tool 10 according to the present embodiment is designed to have a small width dimension, and adjacent to each other as shown in the figure, the entire processing machine line 1 is compact.
ここで、図2は、工作機械の内部構造を示した側面図である。工作機械10は、エンドミルやドリルなどの回転工具、或いはバイトなどの切削工具を備えるタレット旋盤である。そこで、工作機械10は、ワークWを掴んで保持する主軸チャック16を備えた主軸装置11、工具を備えたタレット装置12、そのタレット装置12をZ軸方向やX軸方向に移動させるZ軸駆動装置13およびX軸駆動装置14、そして各駆動装置を制御するための制御装置15などによって構成されている。
Here, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the internal structure of the machine tool. The machine tool 10 is a turret lathe provided with a rotary tool such as an end mill or a drill or a cutting tool such as a cutting tool. Therefore, the machine tool 10 includes a spindle device 11 including a spindle chuck 16 that holds and holds the workpiece W, a turret device 12 including a tool, and a Z-axis drive that moves the turret device 12 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. The apparatus 13 and the X-axis drive device 14, and the control device 15 for controlling each drive device are included.
工作機械10は、ワークWを回転させる主軸装置11の回転軸(主軸)が、機体前後方向であって且つ水平になるように組まれている。Z軸は、その主軸装置11の主軸と平行な水平軸である。一方、工作機械10のX軸は、Z軸に対して直交する機体上下方向であり、タレット装置12の工具をZ軸に対して進退させる移動軸である。特に、工作機械10は、幅寸法を小さくするためX軸方向が鉛直方向に設定されている。よって、工作機械1は、主軸チャック16に把持されたワークWに対し、タレット装置12の工具をZ軸方向とX軸方向とに移動させる2軸旋盤である。そして、主軸に直交する工作機械10の機体幅方向がY軸方向である。
The machine tool 10 is assembled so that the rotation axis (main axis) of the main spindle device 11 that rotates the workpiece W is in the longitudinal direction of the machine body and is horizontal. The Z axis is a horizontal axis parallel to the main axis of the main spindle device 11. On the other hand, the X-axis of the machine tool 10 is the machine body vertical direction orthogonal to the Z-axis, and is a moving axis that causes the tool of the turret device 12 to advance and retreat with respect to the Z-axis. In particular, in the machine tool 10, the X-axis direction is set to the vertical direction in order to reduce the width dimension. Therefore, the machine tool 1 is a two-axis lathe that moves the tool of the turret device 12 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction with respect to the workpiece W held by the spindle chuck 16. The machine body width direction of the machine tool 10 orthogonal to the main axis is the Y-axis direction.
主軸装置11は、回転自在に支持された主軸に対して主軸チャック16と従動プーリとが一体に形成され、主軸用サーボモータ21の回転がVベルトを介して伝達されるよう構成されている。タレット装置12は、Z軸駆動装置13のZ軸スライダ23に対して一体的に構成され、そのZ軸スライダ23とともにX軸駆動装置14のX軸スライダ27に搭載されている。そして、X軸スライダ27にはZ軸ガイド24が固定され、Z軸スライダ23がそのZ軸ガイド24に対して摺動自在に取り付けられている。
The spindle device 11 is configured such that a spindle chuck 16 and a driven pulley are integrally formed with a spindle that is rotatably supported, and the rotation of the spindle servomotor 21 is transmitted via a V-belt. The turret device 12 is configured integrally with the Z-axis slider 23 of the Z-axis drive device 13 and is mounted on the X-axis slider 27 of the X-axis drive device 14 together with the Z-axis slider 23. A Z-axis guide 24 is fixed to the X-axis slider 27, and the Z-axis slider 23 is slidably attached to the Z-axis guide 24.
Z軸駆動装置13は、Z軸ガイド24に固定された支持フレームにネジ軸25が軸受を介して取り付けられ、そのネジ軸25がZ軸スライダ23内の非回転ナットに螺合してボールネジ機構が構成されている。ネジ軸25にはZ軸用サーボモータ22の回転が伝達され、ナットを介してZ軸スライダ23の直線移動が行われるようになっている。そして、そのZ軸駆動装置13やタレット装置12を支持するX軸駆動装置14は、主軸装置11の横に設置されたコラム26に組み付けられている。特に、工作機械10の幅寸法を抑えるように、X軸駆動装置14がZ軸駆動装置13を主軸装置11の上で昇降するよう構成されている。
In the Z-axis drive device 13, a screw shaft 25 is attached to a support frame fixed to a Z-axis guide 24 via a bearing, and the screw shaft 25 is screwed to a non-rotating nut in the Z-axis slider 23 to be a ball screw mechanism. Is configured. The rotation of the Z-axis servomotor 22 is transmitted to the screw shaft 25, and the Z-axis slider 23 is linearly moved via a nut. The X-axis drive device 14 that supports the Z-axis drive device 13 and the turret device 12 is assembled to a column 26 installed beside the spindle device 11. In particular, the X-axis drive device 14 is configured to raise and lower the Z-axis drive device 13 on the spindle device 11 so as to suppress the width dimension of the machine tool 10.
X軸駆動装置14は、コラム26に形成されたガイドを介して、X軸スライダ27が上下方向に摺動自在に取り付けられている。コラム26には鉛直方向に配置されたネジ軸28が回転可能に支持され、そのネジ軸28がX軸スライダ27内の非回転ナットに螺合してボールネジ機構が構成されている。ネジ軸28にはX軸用サーボモータ29の回転が伝達され、ナットを介してX軸スライダ27の昇降が行われるようになっている。よって、工作機械10では、主軸チャック16に保持されたワークWが回転し、Z軸駆動装置13およびX軸駆動装置14の駆動によりタレット装置12が移動し、ワークWに対して工具が当てられて切削など所定の加工が行われる。
In the X-axis drive device 14, an X-axis slider 27 is slidably attached in the vertical direction via a guide formed in the column 26. A screw shaft 28 arranged in the vertical direction is rotatably supported on the column 26, and the screw shaft 28 is screwed into a non-rotating nut in the X-axis slider 27 to constitute a ball screw mechanism. The rotation of the X-axis servomotor 29 is transmitted to the screw shaft 28, and the X-axis slider 27 is moved up and down via a nut. Therefore, in the machine tool 10, the work W held by the spindle chuck 16 rotates, and the turret device 12 moves by driving the Z-axis drive device 13 and the X-axis drive device 14, and the tool is applied to the work W. Then, predetermined processing such as cutting is performed.
加工機械ライン1では、複数ある工作機械10に対し順番にワークが搬送される。ワークを自動搬送する場合は、一般的に特許文献1に示すように工作機械10の前にワーク自動搬送機が設置され、各々の工作機械10との間でワークの受渡しが行われる。しかし、本実施形態では、ワーク自動搬送機を設けることなく工作機械10同士で直接ワークの受渡しが行われるよう構成されている。具体的には、タレット装置12に組み付けられたタレットチャックによってワークの搬送が行われる。
In the processing machine line 1, workpieces are sequentially conveyed to a plurality of machine tools 10. When the workpiece is automatically conveyed, generally, as shown in Patent Document 1, an automatic workpiece conveyance machine is installed in front of the machine tool 10, and the workpiece is transferred to and from each machine tool 10. However, in the present embodiment, the workpieces are directly transferred between the machine tools 10 without providing an automatic workpiece transfer machine. Specifically, the workpiece is conveyed by a turret chuck assembled to the turret device 12.
ここで、図3は、タレット装置12を示した斜視図であり、図4は、タレット装置12に対するタレットチャックの取り付け状態を簡易的に示した側面図である。タレット装置12は、X軸に平行な回転軸を中心にして工具台31を旋回させ、その工具台31に取り付けられた複数の切削工具32やタレットチャック33,34の旋回割出しを行う旋回割出し機構が設けられている。旋回割出し機構について詳しく図示しないが、タレットモータ35(図2参照)の回転出力がギヤを介して旋回用シャフトへと伝達され、更に旋回用シャフトの回転が工具台31へと伝達されるように構成されている。
Here, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the turret device 12, and FIG. 4 is a side view simply showing the attachment state of the turret chuck to the turret device 12. The turret device 12 swivels a tool table 31 around a rotation axis parallel to the X axis, and performs a swivel index for performing swivel indexing of a plurality of cutting tools 32 and turret chucks 33 and 34 attached to the tool table 31. A dispensing mechanism is provided. Although the rotation indexing mechanism is not shown in detail, the rotation output of the turret motor 35 (see FIG. 2) is transmitted to the rotation shaft via the gear, and the rotation of the rotation shaft is further transmitted to the tool base 31. It is configured.
旋回用シャフトは、油圧シリンダによって軸方向に変位させることが可能であり、旋回用シャフトに固定されたギヤと工具台31に固定されたギヤとが噛合状態と分離状態とに切り替えられるようになっている。つまり、旋回割出し機構では、工具台31に対してタレットモータ35の回転が伝わる割出し状態と回転が伝わらない非割出し状態とが切り替えられるようになっている。また、タレット装置12には、一対のタレットチャック33,34を移動させるためのタレットチャック用駆動装置が構成されている。前述した旋回用シャフトは中空軸であり、その中には工具用シャフト36が挿入され、タレットモータ35によって回転するよう構成されている。
The turning shaft can be displaced in the axial direction by a hydraulic cylinder, and the gear fixed to the turning shaft and the gear fixed to the tool base 31 can be switched between the meshed state and the separated state. ing. That is, in the turning index mechanism, an indexing state in which the rotation of the turret motor 35 is transmitted to the tool base 31 and a non-indexing state in which the rotation is not transmitted are switched. Further, the turret device 12 is configured with a turret chuck drive device for moving the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34. The turning shaft described above is a hollow shaft, and a tool shaft 36 is inserted therein and is rotated by a turret motor 35.
工具用シャフト36に固定されたギヤと前記旋回用シャフトに固定されたギヤとが、油圧シリンダによって軸方向に旋回用シャフトが変位することにより、噛合状態と分離状態とに切り替えられるようになっている。両方のギヤが噛み合っている場合には、工具用シャフト36と前記旋回用シャフトとが供回りし、両方のギヤが分離した状態では、工具用シャフト36のみがタレットモータ35の出力を受けて回転するようになっている。この工具用シャフト36により、タレットチャック33,34を径方向に変位させためのチャック用駆動装置が構成されている。なお、工具用シャフト36は、工具台31に回転工具を取り付けた場合には、その回転工具を回転させるための回転駆動装置を構成するものとなる。
The gear fixed to the tool shaft 36 and the gear fixed to the turning shaft are switched between the meshed state and the separated state by the turning of the turning shaft in the axial direction by the hydraulic cylinder. Yes. When both gears are engaged with each other, the tool shaft 36 and the turning shaft rotate, and when both gears are separated, only the tool shaft 36 receives the output of the turret motor 35 and rotates. It is supposed to be. The tool shaft 36 constitutes a chuck driving device for displacing the turret chucks 33 and 34 in the radial direction. The tool shaft 36 constitutes a rotation drive device for rotating the rotary tool when the rotary tool is attached to the tool table 31.
ここで、図5は、タレット装置12を下方から見た図である。工具台31は、下から見た場合に八角形をしており、その外周側面部に切削工具32などが取り付けられている。本実施形態では、この工具台31の下面にベースブロック38が固定され、そこに一対のタレットチャック33,34が対称的に取り付けられている。タレットチャック用駆動装置は、このタレットチャック33,34を径方向に直線移動させるための構成を有している。
Here, FIG. 5 is a view of the turret device 12 as viewed from below. The tool base 31 has an octagonal shape when viewed from below, and a cutting tool 32 and the like are attached to the outer peripheral side surface portion thereof. In the present embodiment, a base block 38 is fixed to the lower surface of the tool base 31, and a pair of turret chucks 33, 34 are attached symmetrically thereto. The turret chuck driving device has a configuration for linearly moving the turret chucks 33 and 34 in the radial direction.
タレットチャック33,34は、三つ爪チャックであり、エアーによって当該チャックにおけるワークの把持および解放を行う同じチャック機構によって構成されている。そして、タレットチャック33,34は、いずれもベースブロック38に挿入されたガイドロッド42に対してブラケットを介して固定されている。ガイドロッド42は、ベースブロック38に形成されたガイド穴内に挿入され、径方向の移動が可能になっている。
The turret chucks 33 and 34 are three-jaw chucks, and are configured by the same chuck mechanism that grips and releases the workpiece in the chuck by air. The turret chucks 33 and 34 are both fixed to the guide rod 42 inserted into the base block 38 via a bracket. The guide rod 42 is inserted into a guide hole formed in the base block 38 and can move in the radial direction.
ガイドロッド42には、その一部にラックギヤ421が形成されている。また、工具用シャフト36は、ベースブロック38内にまで下端部が延び、その下端部にピニオンギヤ361が一体に形成されている。そして、一対のラックギヤ421がピニオンギヤ361を挟み込むようにして噛合し、工具用シャフト36の回転によりタレットチャック33,34が逆方向に移動するようになっている。図5において、工具用シャフト36が時計方向に回転すれば一対のタレットチャック33,34がその回転中心側に移動し、逆に反時計方向に回転すれば、一対のタレットチャック33,34は回転中心から遠ざかる方向に移動することとなる。
A rack gear 421 is formed on a part of the guide rod 42. The tool shaft 36 has a lower end extending into the base block 38, and a pinion gear 361 is integrally formed at the lower end. The pair of rack gears 421 are engaged with each other so as to sandwich the pinion gear 361, and the turret chucks 33 and 34 are moved in the reverse direction by the rotation of the tool shaft 36. In FIG. 5, when the tool shaft 36 rotates in the clockwise direction, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 moves toward the center of rotation, and conversely, if the tool shaft 36 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 rotate. It moves in the direction away from the center.
ガイドロッド42は、こうしたタレットチャック33,34の直線移動におけるガイドとなっている。ただし、ガイドロッド42は円柱形状であるため、それだけではタレットチャック33,34が自重によってバランスを崩してしまう。そこで、タレットチャック33,34の姿勢を維持するためのサブロッド43がガイドロッド42と平行にして設けられ、ベースブロック38に形成されたガイド穴内に挿入されている。
The guide rod 42 serves as a guide for linear movement of the turret chucks 33 and 34. However, since the guide rod 42 has a cylindrical shape, the turret chucks 33 and 34 lose their balance due to their own weight. Therefore, a sub rod 43 for maintaining the posture of the turret chucks 33 and 34 is provided in parallel with the guide rod 42 and is inserted into a guide hole formed in the base block 38.
続いて、工作機械および加工機械ラインの作用について説明する。加工機械ライン1では、複数の工作機械10が図1に示すように幅方向に近接して設置され、上流側からワークWが順番に搬送される。例えば、図1に示す2台の工作機械10では、図面右側から左側へとワークWが送られる。図6乃至図10は、タレット装置12によるワークWの搬送状況を示した図である。
Next, the operation of machine tools and processing machine lines will be described. In the processing machine line 1, a plurality of machine tools 10 are installed close to each other in the width direction as shown in FIG. 1, and the workpieces W are sequentially conveyed from the upstream side. For example, in the two machine tools 10 shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece W is sent from the right side to the left side of the drawing. 6 to 10 are views showing a state of conveyance of the workpiece W by the turret device 12.
先ず、工作機械10での加工は、主軸チャック16にワークWが把持され、主軸の回転によりワークに回転が与えられる。一方、タレット装置12では複数ある切削工具(内径加工用刃物と外径加工用刃物など)32から所定のものが旋回割出しされる。そして、Z軸駆動装置13およびX軸駆動装置14の駆動によりタレット装置12の切削工具32がX軸方向とZ軸方向に位置決めされ、その切削工具32が回転するワークWに当てられて所定の切削加工が行われる。
First, in machining with the machine tool 10, the workpiece W is gripped by the spindle chuck 16, and the workpiece is rotated by the rotation of the spindle. On the other hand, in the turret device 12, a predetermined one is swiveled and indexed from a plurality of cutting tools (inner diameter machining blade, outer diameter machining blade, etc.) 32. Then, the cutting tool 32 of the turret device 12 is positioned in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by driving of the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14, and the cutting tool 32 is applied to the rotating workpiece W to be predetermined. Cutting is performed.
工作機械10では、主軸チャック16との間でワークWの受渡しが行われるが、その作業にはタレット装置12のタレットチャック33,34が使用される。本実施形態ではタレットチャック33が、自身の工作機械10における加工前のワークWを担当し、タレットチャック34が加工後のワークWを担当することとなる。従って、前述したように加工が行われたワークWを次の工程へ搬送する場合には、図6に示すように、タレット装置12の旋回割出しにより、タレットチャック34が主軸チャック16とZ軸方向に対面する位置に配置される。
In the machine tool 10, the workpiece W is delivered to and from the spindle chuck 16, and the turret chucks 33 and 34 of the turret device 12 are used for the work. In this embodiment, the turret chuck 33 is in charge of the workpiece W before processing in its own machine tool 10, and the turret chuck 34 is in charge of the workpiece W after processing. Therefore, when the workpiece W processed as described above is transported to the next process, the turret chuck 34 and the spindle chuck 16 and the Z-axis are rotated by the turning index of the turret device 12 as shown in FIG. It is arranged at a position facing the direction.
そのタレット装置12は、図6及び図7に矢印で示すように、X軸駆動装置14の駆動によりワークWの高さに合わせて下降し、Z軸駆動装置13の駆動により主軸チャック16側へと近づく。そして、タレット装置12が位置決めされた後、タレットチャック34が更にワークWへと近づけられる。すなわち、タレット装置12では、タレットモータ35の回転が工具用シャフト36に伝達され、一体に形成されたピニオンギヤ361が回転する。よって、ピニオンギヤ361の回転がラックギヤ421の直線運動に変換され、図6から図7に示すようにガイドロッド42がベースブロック38に対して伸長作動し、タレットチャック34が主軸チャック16側へ移動する。ワークWに届いたタレットチャック34は、チャック爪の開閉によってワークWが把持される。
The turret device 12 is lowered according to the height of the workpiece W by driving the X-axis drive device 14 as shown by arrows in FIGS. 6 and 7, and moved to the spindle chuck 16 side by driving the Z-axis drive device 13. And get closer. After the turret device 12 is positioned, the turret chuck 34 is further moved closer to the workpiece W. That is, in the turret device 12, the rotation of the turret motor 35 is transmitted to the tool shaft 36, and the integrally formed pinion gear 361 rotates. Therefore, the rotation of the pinion gear 361 is converted into the linear motion of the rack gear 421, the guide rod 42 is extended with respect to the base block 38 as shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, and the turret chuck 34 moves to the spindle chuck 16 side. . The turret chuck 34 that has reached the workpiece W is gripped by opening and closing the chuck claws.
その後、タレットモータ35の逆回転により、同様にしてピニオンギヤ361の回転がラックギヤ421の直線運動に変換され、先ほどとは逆にガイドロッド42がベースブロック38に対して収縮作動し、タレットチャック33,34が図7から図6に示す状態に戻される。そして、タレット装置12は、工具台31が90度回転した旋回割出しによって、図8及び図9に示すように、一対のタレットチャック33,34がY軸方向に配置される。本実施形態では、この状態で隣り合う工作機械10とワークWの受渡しが行われる。
Thereafter, by the reverse rotation of the turret motor 35, the rotation of the pinion gear 361 is converted into the linear motion of the rack gear 421 in the same manner, and conversely, the guide rod 42 is contracted with respect to the base block 38, and the turret chuck 33, 34 is returned to the state shown in FIGS. In the turret device 12, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pair of turret chucks 33 and 34 are arranged in the Y-axis direction by turning and indexing the tool table 31 rotated 90 degrees. In the present embodiment, the delivery of the workpiece W and the adjacent machine tool 10 is performed in this state.
その際、タレットチャック33,34は、Z軸駆動装置13およびX軸駆動装置14の駆動により、ZX平面上での位置決めが行われる。そして、工作機械10は、Z軸およびX軸の2軸旋盤であるため、Y軸方向にはタレット装置12を移動させることができない。そこで、タレットモータ35により工具用シャフト36を回転させ、ピニオンギヤ361とラックギヤ421により、図9から図10に示すようにガイドロッド42をベースブロック38に対して伸長作動させる。これによりタレットチャック33,34は、図10に示すようにY軸方向に移動する。同じように構成された隣の工作機械10でもタレットチャック33,34がY軸方向に移動し、互いにワークWの掴み合いが行われて下流側にワークWが受け渡される。
At that time, the turret chucks 33 and 34 are positioned on the ZX plane by the driving of the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14. Since the machine tool 10 is a Z-axis and X-axis lathe, the turret device 12 cannot be moved in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the tool shaft 36 is rotated by the turret motor 35, and the guide rod 42 is extended with respect to the base block 38 as shown in FIGS. 9 to 10 by the pinion gear 361 and the rack gear 421. Thereby, the turret chucks 33 and 34 move in the Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. Also in the adjacent machine tool 10 configured in the same manner, the turret chucks 33 and 34 move in the Y-axis direction, and the workpiece W is gripped with each other, and the workpiece W is delivered downstream.
ところで、工作機械10は、全体が不図示の外装カバーによって覆われている。主軸チャック16やタレット装置12が配置された機体前部は、図1に示すように前部カバー7が設けられ、その内部が加工室になっている。前部カバー7は、前面部に開閉可能な開閉扉701が取り付けられ、幅方向の両側面部にはワーク受渡し用の搬送口702が形成されている。なお、この搬送口702には、自動開閉が可能な開閉扉が設けられている。そこで、図10に示すワーク搬送時には、隣り合う工作機械10は、上流側のタレットチャック34と下流側のタレットチャック33が、搬送口702を通してワークWを掴み合うこととなる。
Incidentally, the machine tool 10 is entirely covered with an exterior cover (not shown). As shown in FIG. 1, a front cover 7 is provided at the front of the machine body where the spindle chuck 16 and the turret device 12 are arranged, and the inside thereof is a processing chamber. The front cover 7 is provided with an openable / closable door 701 on the front surface portion, and a work delivery port 702 is formed on both side surfaces in the width direction. The transfer port 702 is provided with an openable / closable door that can be automatically opened and closed. Therefore, at the time of workpiece transfer shown in FIG. 10, in the adjacent machine tool 10, the upstream turret chuck 34 and the downstream turret chuck 33 grip the workpiece W through the transfer port 702.
そして、ワークWを受け取ったタレットチャック33や、ワークWを受け渡したタレットチャック34は、タレットモータ35の駆動によりガイドロッド42が収縮作動して図9に示す状態に戻される。次に、タレットチャック33にはワークWが把持されているため、タレット装置12の旋回割出しにより、そのタレットチャック33が主軸チャック16とZ軸方向に対面する位置に配置される(図6参照)。そして、タレットチャック34が主軸チャック16からワークWを受け取った時と同様にして、タレットチャック33から主軸チャック16へとワークWが受け渡しされる。
Then, the turret chuck 33 that has received the workpiece W and the turret chuck 34 that has received the workpiece W are returned to the state shown in FIG. Next, since the workpiece W is gripped by the turret chuck 33, the turret chuck 33 is arranged at a position facing the spindle chuck 16 in the Z-axis direction by the turning index of the turret device 12 (see FIG. 6). ). Then, the workpiece W is transferred from the turret chuck 33 to the spindle chuck 16 in the same manner as when the turret chuck 34 receives the workpiece W from the spindle chuck 16.
続いて、本実施形態の加工機械ライン1では、工作機械10同士のワークWの受渡しのほかに、ワークWの排出を行うことが可能な構成がとられている。通常、ワークの自動搬送を行う場合には、ラインの途中に仮置き台が設置され、そこへNGワークや検品用のワークが置かれるようになっている。しかし、それでは仮置き台の分だけ加工機械ラインが大きくなってしまうほか、作業者が仮置き台から検品用のワークを取り出すために、稼動を一時停止させなければならず、加工時間にロスが生じてしまう。
Subsequently, the processing machine line 1 of the present embodiment has a configuration capable of discharging the workpiece W in addition to delivering the workpiece W between the machine tools 10. Normally, when carrying a workpiece automatically, a temporary table is installed in the middle of the line, and an NG workpiece or a workpiece for inspection is placed there. However, in this case, the processing machine line becomes larger by the amount of the temporary table, and in order for the operator to take out the workpiece for inspection from the temporary table, the operation must be paused, resulting in a loss of processing time. It will occur.
それに対し、本実施形態の加工機械ライン1は、図1に示すように幅方向に並んだ隣り合う工作機械10の間に排出レール45が取り付けられている。排出レール45は、ワークWの寸法に合わせた溝幅のレールである。その排出レール45は、搬送口702の下部に配置され、前部カバー7に対して取り付けられている。また、工作機械10の間には排出レール45のほかに仮置き部材46が取り付けられている。この仮置き部材46は、上流側のタレットチャック34と下流側のタレットチャック33との間でワークWを掴み合うタイミングが合わない場合に、上流側のタレットチャック34によってワークWの仮置きを行うためのものである。
On the other hand, in the processing machine line 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the discharge rail 45 is attached between the adjacent machine tools 10 arranged in the width direction. The discharge rail 45 is a rail having a groove width matched to the dimension of the workpiece W. The discharge rail 45 is disposed below the transport port 702 and is attached to the front cover 7. In addition to the discharge rail 45, a temporary placement member 46 is attached between the machine tools 10. The temporary placement member 46 temporarily places the workpiece W by the upstream turret chuck 34 when the timing of gripping the workpiece W between the upstream turret chuck 34 and the downstream turret chuck 33 does not match. Is for.
そこで、主軸チャック16で着座ミスによってNGワークが生じた場合、あるいは検品用に加工ワークが選択された場合などは、該当するワークWxが排出レール45へと送られる。その際、タレット装置12は、前述したように主軸チャック16からワークWxをタレットチャック34によって把持し、旋回割出しによりそのタレットチャック34がY軸方向に配置される(図8及び図9参照)。そして、Z軸駆動装置13およびX軸駆動装置14によるタレット装置12のZX平面上での位置決めと、タレットチャック用駆動装置によるタレットチャック34のY軸方向の位置決めとが行われ、タレットチャック34の把持解放により、図8に示すようにワークWxが排出レール45を転がって排出される。
Therefore, when an NG workpiece is generated due to a seating mistake in the spindle chuck 16 or when a workpiece is selected for inspection, the corresponding workpiece Wx is sent to the discharge rail 45. At that time, as described above, the turret device 12 grips the workpiece Wx from the spindle chuck 16 by the turret chuck 34, and the turret chuck 34 is arranged in the Y-axis direction by turning indexing (see FIGS. 8 and 9). . Then, positioning of the turret device 12 on the ZX plane by the Z-axis driving device 13 and the X-axis driving device 14 and positioning of the turret chuck 34 in the Y-axis direction by the turret chuck driving device are performed. By gripping and releasing, the workpiece Wx rolls on the discharge rail 45 and is discharged as shown in FIG.
よって、本実施形態によれば、タレット装置12に装着したタレットチャック33,34を径方向に移動可能にしたため、ワーク自動搬送機を使用することなく隣り合う工作機械10同士でのワークWの受渡し、つまりワークWの搬送を行うことができるようになった。本実施形態では、タレット装置12をZ軸方向とX軸方向とに移動させる2軸旋盤であるが、タレット装置12にタレットチャック33,34を移動させるタレットチャック用駆動装置が組み込まれているため、工作機械10を大型化させることなく上記効果を達成することができる。特に、そのタレットチャック用駆動装置は、回転工具を駆動させる工具用シャフト36の回転を利用したものであるため、ベースブロック38部分の構成を変更するだけの簡単な改良によって上記効果を達成することができる。
Therefore, according to this embodiment, since the turret chucks 33 and 34 attached to the turret device 12 can be moved in the radial direction, the workpiece W is transferred between the adjacent machine tools 10 without using the automatic workpiece transfer machine. That is, the workpiece W can be conveyed. In the present embodiment, the turret device 12 is a two-axis lathe that moves the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. However, since the turret device 12 includes a turret chuck driving device that moves the turret chucks 33 and 34. The above effects can be achieved without increasing the size of the machine tool 10. In particular, since the turret chuck driving device utilizes the rotation of the tool shaft 36 for driving the rotary tool, the above-described effects can be achieved by simply improving the configuration of the base block 38 portion. Can do.
また、タレットチャック33,34によりワークWを工作機械10の間で受渡しが可能になったことで、更に排出レール45を加えたことにより、仮置き台を設けることなくNGワークや検品用ワークを加工機械ライン1内から取り出すことができるようになった。しかも、排出レール45などの簡単かつ小部品による構成であるため、コストをかけることなく、かつスペースも必要とせずにワークWの排出が可能にできる。更に、ワークWの搬送と同じタレット装置12の動作による排出であるため、加工機械ライン1の駆動を一旦停止させるようなこともない。
In addition, since the workpiece W can be transferred between the machine tools 10 by the turret chucks 33 and 34, and the discharge rail 45 is further added, an NG workpiece or an inspection workpiece can be transferred without providing a temporary table. It can be taken out from the processing machine line 1. In addition, since the structure is simple and includes small parts such as the discharge rail 45, the work W can be discharged without cost and without requiring space. Furthermore, since the discharge is performed by the operation of the turret device 12 which is the same as the conveyance of the workpiece W, the driving of the processing machine line 1 is not temporarily stopped.
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で様々な変更が可能である。
例えば、前記実施形態では、タレットモータ35や工具用シャフト36によってチャック用駆動装置を構成したが、ベースブロック38に直接固定したモータの回転軸にピニオンギヤを取り付けるようにしたものであってもよい。 As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the chuck drive device is configured by theturret motor 35 and the tool shaft 36, but a pinion gear may be attached to the rotation shaft of the motor directly fixed to the base block 38.
例えば、前記実施形態では、タレットモータ35や工具用シャフト36によってチャック用駆動装置を構成したが、ベースブロック38に直接固定したモータの回転軸にピニオンギヤを取り付けるようにしたものであってもよい。 As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the chuck drive device is configured by the
1…加工機械ライン 7…前部カバー 10…工作機械 11…主軸装置 12…タレット装置 13…Z軸駆動装置 14…X軸駆動装置 16…主軸チャック 31…工具台 33,34…タレットチャック 35…タレットモータ 36…工具用シャフト 42…ガイドロッド 361…ピニオンギヤ 421…ラックギヤ
DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 1 ... Machining machine line 7 ... Front cover 10 ... Machine tool 11 ... Main shaft device 12 ... Turret device 13 ... Z-axis drive device 14 ... X-axis drive device 16 ... Main shaft chuck 31 ... Tool stand 33, 34 ... Turret chuck 35 ... Turret motor 36 ... Tool shaft 42 ... Guide rod 361 ... Pinion gear 421 ... Rack gear
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (5)
- 回転支持された主軸用回転軸にワークを把持する主軸チャックが固定された主軸装置と、
刃物、回転工具、タレットチャック等が取り付け可能であり、機体上下方向に配置された旋回用回転軸を中心に回転するタレット装置と、
前記主軸用回転軸に対して平行な機体前後方向および直交する機体上下方向に前記タレット装置を移動させるタレット用駆動装置と、
前記タレットチャックを移動させるタレットチャック用駆動装置と
を有する工作機械。 A spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for the spindle supported in rotation;
A turret device to which a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, etc. can be attached and which rotates around a rotation axis for turning arranged in the vertical direction of the machine body,
A turret drive device for moving the turret device in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft parallel to the spindle rotation axis and in the vertical direction of the aircraft perpendicular to the spindle;
A machine tool having a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck. - 前記タレットチャックは、前記タレット装置に対して径方向に直線的に移動可能な状態で組み付けられ、前記タレット装置内に設けられた前記タレットチャック用駆動装置により移動するものである請求項1に記載の工作機械。 2. The turret chuck is assembled with the turret device being linearly movable in a radial direction, and is moved by the turret chuck driving device provided in the turret device. Machine tools.
- 前記タレットチャック用駆動装置は、前記タレット装置内において機体上下方向に配置された工具用回転軸と、前記工具用回転軸に回転を与えるモータと、前記搬送用回転軸と前記タレットチャックとの間に設けられ回転運動を直線運動に変換するギヤ部材とを備えたものである請求項2に記載の工作機械。 The turret chuck driving device includes: a tool rotation shaft disposed in the vertical direction of the machine body in the turret device; a motor that rotates the tool rotation shaft; and the conveyance rotation shaft and the turret chuck. The machine tool according to claim 2, further comprising: a gear member that is provided on the machine and converts a rotational motion into a linear motion.
- 内部の装置を覆う本体カバーの側面部分に、前記タレットチャックによるワーク受渡しのためのワーク受渡し用開口部が形成された請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a workpiece delivery opening for delivering a workpiece by the turret chuck is formed on a side surface portion of a main body cover that covers an internal device.
- 回転支持された主軸用回転軸にワークを把持する主軸チャックが固定された主軸装置と、
刃物、回転工具、タレットチャック等が取り付け可能であり、機体上下方向に配置された旋回用回転軸を中心に回転するタレット装置と、
前記主軸用回転軸に対して平行な機体前後方向および直交する機体上下方向に前記タレット装置を移動させるタレット用駆動装置と、
前記タレットチャックを移動させるタレットチャック用駆動装置と
を有する工作機械が機体幅方向に近接して複数配置された加工機械ライン。
A spindle device in which a spindle chuck for gripping a workpiece is fixed to a rotation axis for the spindle supported in rotation;
A turret device to which a cutter, a rotary tool, a turret chuck, etc. can be attached and which rotates around a rotation axis for turning arranged in the vertical direction of the machine body,
A turret drive device for moving the turret device in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft parallel to the spindle rotation axis and in the vertical direction of the aircraft perpendicular to the spindle;
A processing machine line in which a plurality of machine tools having a turret chuck driving device for moving the turret chuck are arranged adjacent to each other in the machine body width direction.
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