WO2018090689A1 - 多功能锚索钻机 - Google Patents

多功能锚索钻机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018090689A1
WO2018090689A1 PCT/CN2017/098891 CN2017098891W WO2018090689A1 WO 2018090689 A1 WO2018090689 A1 WO 2018090689A1 CN 2017098891 W CN2017098891 W CN 2017098891W WO 2018090689 A1 WO2018090689 A1 WO 2018090689A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
auxiliary
hinged
fixed
boom
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PCT/CN2017/098891
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李国建
李友华
吴海涛
曹中升
齐界夷
黄家权
詹剑霞
王士发
李乐乐
汪文亮
李哲朋
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中国葛洲坝集团三峡建设工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2018090689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018090689A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E21B15/003—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts adapted to be moved on their substructure, e.g. with skidding means; adapted to drill a plurality of wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/022—Control of the drilling operation; Hydraulic or pneumatic means for activation or operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/023—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting the mast being foldable or telescopically retractable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/024—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting having means for adapting to inclined terrain; having means for stabilizing the vehicle while drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of drilling rigs, in particular to a multifunctional anchor rig.
  • Anchor cable construction usually adopts the erection frame as the operation platform, and the construction of drilling, cable entry, grouting and tensioning is completed on the operation platform.
  • This construction method requires a large working surface due to the need to occupy the working surface. Affects problems such as straight-line construction period, large construction disturbance, low work efficiency and high safety risks.
  • Chinese patent document CN101832103A discloses a movable two-arm top anchor anchor cable construction drilling rig, which has a relatively complicated structure and is mainly used in coal mining.
  • the structure of the drill arm is a bottom rotary structure, which is poorly stressed during the drilling process and affects the construction efficiency. Especially for the hard rock excavation process is less efficient. If the drill pipe needs to be loaded and unloaded during the excavation process, the existing drilling rig needs to be set up as an operation platform, the construction efficiency is low, and the drilling quality is also difficult to guarantee.
  • there are many processes such as cable entry, grouting and tensioning in the construction of prestressed anchor cables, and the existing frame construction method is labor intensive.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-functional anchor cable drilling machine, which can conveniently load and unload a drill pipe, and facilitates the construction of multiple processes such as cable entry, grouting and tensioning, and the drill arm is well stressed.
  • the safety of the constructor can be reliably ensured.
  • a multifunctional anchor cable drilling machine comprising a frame, a traveling device is arranged at the bottom of the frame, and a main arm capable of tilting and telescopic is provided on the frame, and the main arm is a drilling rig at the top;
  • a auxiliary arm capable of tilting and telescopic is provided on one side of the main arm, and an operation platform is provided at the top end of the auxiliary arm.
  • a hydraulic control room and a motor are provided on the frame, and frame hydraulic legs are provided at four corners of the frame.
  • the bottom of the main arm fixing arm is hinged to the main arm seat fixed to the frame through the pin shaft;
  • the main arm movable arm is sleeved in the main arm fixed arm, and a main arm telescopic hydraulic cylinder is disposed between the bottom end of the main arm movable arm and the bottom of the inner arm fixed arm in the main arm fixed arm;
  • the main arm fixed arm is hinged to one end of the main arm pitching hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the main arm pitching hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the frame;
  • the top end of the movable arm of the main arm is hinged with the rotating device, the top of the rotating device is fixed with a drill arm, and the drilling machine is mounted on the drill arm;
  • One end of the rig pitch hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the main arm movable arm, and the other end of the rig pitch hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the swing device.
  • the sliding drill base is movably connected to the fixed drill arm and can slide along the fixed drill arm, the drill is fixedly connected with the sliding drill base, and the drill pipe is fixed on the fixed drill arm. guide;
  • the slewing device is fixedly coupled to one end of the drilling hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the drilling hydraulic cylinder is coupled to the sliding rig base.
  • the bottom of the rotary worm gear housing is fixed with a rotary support, the rotary support is hinged with the movable arm of the main arm, and the rotary worm wheel is rotatably mounted in the rotary worm gear housing, and the rotary worm gear is The end surface is fixedly connected with the fixed drill arm, the rotary worm housing is fixedly connected with the rotary worm gear housing, the rotary worm is rotatably mounted in the rotary worm housing, the rotary worm is meshed with the rotary worm wheel, and the rotary hydraulic motor is fixedly connected with the rotary worm.
  • the drill arm positioning teeth are provided at one end of the fixed drill arm adjacent to the drill rail.
  • the bottom of the auxiliary arm fixing arm is hinged to the auxiliary arm seat fixed to the frame through the pin shaft;
  • the auxiliary arm movable arm is sleeved in the auxiliary arm fixed arm, and an auxiliary arm telescopic hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the auxiliary arm fixed arm between the bottom end of the auxiliary arm movable arm and the bottom surface of the auxiliary arm fixed arm;
  • the auxiliary arm fixing arm is hinged to one end of the auxiliary arm pitching hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the auxiliary arm pitching hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the frame;
  • the free end of the auxiliary arm movable arm is hinged with the operating platform, and the auxiliary arm movable arm is also hinged with one end of the leveling hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the leveling hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the operating platform.
  • an auxiliary arm cushioning guard is provided on the frame below the auxiliary arm.
  • the buffer piston sealing activity is installed in the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder, the top of the buffer piston is provided with a bracket, and the outer periphery of the buffer cylinder is provided with a buffer cylinder outer cavity, and the buffer is buffered.
  • the position of the inner cavity of the cylinder and the outer cavity of the buffer cylinder is communicated at the bottom portion through at least one oil passage hole, and a buffer spring is disposed between the buffer piston and the bottom of the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder.
  • an ultrasonic distance sensor is provided on the operating platform.
  • the invention provides a multifunctional anchor cable drilling machine, which can facilitate the loading and unloading of the drill pipe by the installation of the main arm and the auxiliary arm structure, and is convenient for controlling the drilling quality at a short distance, and is also convenient for subsequent auxiliary drilling and entry.
  • the operation of multiple constructions of anchor cable, such as cable, grouting and tensioning overcomes the problems of installing auxiliary equipment such as trusses during construction work in the prior art, and overcomes the problems of large interference, low work efficiency and high safety risk. problem.
  • the main arm and the auxiliary arm of the invention adopt the telescopic structure, and the main arm also adopts the structure of the revolving device, thereby effectively improving the working radius and improving the construction efficiency.
  • the auxiliary arm cushion guard device can provide auxiliary buffer for the auxiliary arm when the hydraulic oil is out of pressure, ensuring the safety of the construction personnel.
  • the arrangement structure of the main arm and the drilling machine of the invention is reasonable, the force is reliable, and the drilling quality is further improved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the auxiliary arm of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a front view showing the structure of the main arm of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main arm seat and an auxiliary arm seat in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the auxiliary arm cushioning protection device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of the rotary device of the present invention.
  • main arm 1 drill rig 101, drill pipe joint 1011, slewing device 102, rotary support 1021, rotary hydraulic motor 1022, rotary worm housing 1023, rotary worm 1024, rotary worm gear housing 1025, rotary worm gear 1026, drilling rig Pitch hydraulic cylinder 103, drill arm 104, fixed drill arm 1041, sliding drill base 1042, drill arm positioning tooth 1043, drill pipe guide 105, main arm movable arm 106, main arm telescopic hydraulic cylinder 107, main arm fixed arm 108, main Arm pitch hydraulic cylinder 109, drilling hydraulic cylinder 110, auxiliary arm 2, auxiliary arm telescopic hydraulic cylinder 21, auxiliary arm fixed arm 22, auxiliary arm movable arm 23, leveling hydraulic cylinder 24, operating platform 25, auxiliary arm pitch hydraulic cylinder 26, auxiliary arm cushion guard 27, bracket 271, cushion piston 272, buffer cylinder lumen 273, buffer cylinder outer chamber 274, buffer spring 275, oil hole 276, frame 3, frame hydraulic leg 31, main Arm seat 32, auxiliary arm seat 33, hydraulic
  • a multifunctional anchor cable drilling machine includes a frame 3, and a traveling device is arranged at the bottom of the frame 3, the walking device includes a tire walking device and a crawler walking assembly 6, and a crawler walking assembly It consists of left and right crawlers, each track comprising a travel motor, a drive wheel, a guide wheel, a track hydraulic adjuster, a plurality of support wheels, a support wheel, a track shoe assembly and a track frame.
  • the crawler walking assembly 6 is preferably employed in this example.
  • the frame 3 is provided with a main arm 1 capable of tilting and telescopic, and the top end of the main arm 1 is provided with a drilling machine 101;
  • An auxiliary arm 2 capable of pitching and contracting is provided on one side of the main arm 1, and an operation platform 25 is provided at the top end of the auxiliary arm 2.
  • the operating platform 25 on the auxiliary arm 2 facilitates the construction personnel to cooperate with the drilling machine 101 for construction work.
  • FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a hydraulic control room 4 and a motor 5 are provided on the frame 3, and frame hydraulic legs 31 are provided at four corners of the frame 3.
  • the hydraulic control room 4 is used to operate the main arm 1, the auxiliary arm 2, and the rig 101, and the motor 5 is used to drive the hydraulic pump. In the absence of electricity, a generator is also provided for powering the motor 5.
  • the frame hydraulic leg 31 is provided to temporarily fix the frame 3.
  • the bottom of the main arm fixing arm 108 is hinged to the main arm seat 32 fixed to the frame 3 through a pin;
  • the main arm movable arm 106 is slidably engaged in the main arm fixed arm 108, and in the main arm fixed arm 108, the bottom of the main arm movable arm 106 a main arm telescopic hydraulic cylinder 107 is disposed between the end and the bottom of the inner cavity of the main arm fixing arm 108;
  • the main arm fixed arm 108 is hinged to one end of the main arm pitch hydraulic cylinder 109, and the other end of the main arm pitch hydraulic cylinder 109 is hinged to the frame 3.
  • the top end of the main boom movable arm 106 is hinged to the swing device 102, the top of the swing device 102 is fixed with a drill arm 104, and the drill 101 is mounted on the drill arm 104;
  • the combination of the main boom pitch cylinder 109 and the rig pitch hydraulic cylinder 103 can adjust the inclination of the main arm 1 and maintain the rig arm 104 in its original state, for example, maintaining a level, or a 5 degree inclination.
  • the main boom telescopic hydraulic cylinder 107 is provided to adjust the working radius of the drilling machine 101. In this example, the telescopic stroke of the main boom telescopic hydraulic cylinder 107 is 3 to 3.5 meters.
  • the drill rig 101 is provided with a drill pipe joint 1011 for connecting the drill pipe, and in this example, a drill pipe joint 1011 of a through hole structure is adopted.
  • the rig 101 is connected to compressed air and hydraulic oil, wherein the hydraulic oil drives the drill rod to rotate by a hydraulic motor, and the compressed air provides a reciprocating impact force to the drill rod.
  • the sliding drill base 1042 is movably connected with the fixed drill arm 1041 and can slide along the fixed drill arm 1041, and the drill 101 is fixedly connected with the sliding drill base 1042.
  • a drill pipe guide 105 is further fixed on the drill arm 1041;
  • the swinging device 102 is fixedly coupled to one end of the drilling hydraulic cylinder 110, and the other end of the drilling hydraulic cylinder 110 is coupled to the sliding drill base 1042.
  • the radius of rotation of the turning device 102 is from 0 to 360 degrees, which further increases the working radius of the drilling machine 101.
  • the bottom of the rotary worm gear housing 1025 is fixed with a rotary support 1021, and the rotary support 1021 is hinged with the main boom movable arm 106, and the rotary worm gear 1026 is rotatably mounted.
  • the end surface of the rotary worm wheel 1026 is fixedly connected to the fixed drill arm 1041
  • the rotary worm housing 1023 is fixedly connected to the rotary worm gear housing 1025
  • the rotary worm 1024 is rotatably mounted in the rotary worm housing 1023.
  • the rotary worm 1024 is meshed with the rotary worm gear 1026, and the rotary hydraulic motor 1022 is fixedly coupled to the rotary worm 1024. With this configuration, the drill arm 1041 is provided with the greatest degree of rotational freedom and is reliably stressed.
  • the drill rail 105 is located on the drill arm 104 adjacent the drill rail 105, and the drill 101 is located on the drill arm 104 away from the swivel 102. With this configuration, it is advantageous to maintain the balance of the drill arm 104 when the drill pipe is installed.
  • a drill arm positioning tooth 1043 is provided at an end of the fixed drill arm 1041 near the drill rod guide 105.
  • the rig arm positioning tooth 1043 can be embedded in the rock wall when the rig is working to prevent the rig from slipping during the drilling process and ensure the drilling accuracy.
  • the bottom of the auxiliary arm fixing arm 22 is fixed to the vehicle through the pin shaft.
  • the auxiliary arm seat 33 of the frame 3 is hinged;
  • the auxiliary arm movable arm 23 is slidably engaged in the auxiliary arm fixing arm 22, and in the auxiliary arm fixing arm 22, an auxiliary arm telescopic hydraulic pressure is provided between the bottom end of the auxiliary arm movable arm 23 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the auxiliary arm fixing arm 22.
  • the auxiliary arm fixing arm 22 is hinged to one end of the auxiliary arm pitching hydraulic cylinder 26, and the other end of the auxiliary arm pitching hydraulic cylinder 26 is hinged to the frame 3;
  • the free end of the auxiliary arm movable arm 23 is hinged to the operating platform 25, and the auxiliary arm movable arm 23 is also hinged to one end of the leveling hydraulic cylinder 24, and the other end of the leveling hydraulic cylinder 24 is hinged to the operating platform 25.
  • the lifting and leveling of the operating platform 25 is realized, which is convenient for the operator to perform auxiliary operations. For example, loading and unloading drill pipe, cable entry, grouting and tensioning.
  • FIG. 2 A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 2, in which the auxiliary arm cushion guard 27 is provided on the frame 3 below the auxiliary arm 2. With this structure, it is ensured that the impact force of the auxiliary arm 2 is buffered when the hydraulic oil is out of pressure, and the safety of the construction personnel is ensured.
  • the buffer piston 272 is movably mounted in the buffer cylinder lumen 273, and the top of the buffer piston 272 is provided with a bracket 271 for buffering the cylinder lumen 273.
  • the outer periphery is provided with a buffer cylinder outer chamber 274.
  • the buffer cylinder inner chamber 273 and the buffer cylinder outer chamber 274 are communicated at the bottom portion through at least one oil passage hole 276, and a buffer spring is disposed between the buffer piston 272 and the bottom of the buffer cylinder inner chamber 273. 275.
  • the hydraulic oil of the buffer cylinder cavity 273 enters the outer cavity 274 of the buffer cylinder through the oil hole 276 to generate resistance, that is, the oil passage hole 276 is a damping hole, thereby achieving buffering and buffering.
  • the spring 275 achieves double cushioning.
  • the top of the buffer cylinder outer chamber 274 is a sealed structure in which air is stored.
  • an ultrasonic distance sensor is provided on the operating platform 25.
  • the steps for drilling are as follows:
  • the anchor cable drilling machine of the present invention is driven to the construction site of the anchor cable, and the control rod in the hydraulic control room is operated to support the hydraulic leg 31 of the frame to the ground, and then the main arm is extended and the rig body is adjusted initially. Align the anchor hole position;
  • the drill pipe operation is exited, and the operator assists the drill pipe to exit in the auxiliary arm operation platform, and the drill pipe is slowly rotated and slowly exited by operating the control rod in the hydraulic control room, each exiting a drill
  • the rod is controlled to reverse the drill rod, and the drill rod is disassembled by a special unloading drill rod wrench and placed in the operating platform until all exits.
  • the drill pipe guide 105 on the drill arm 104 is replaced with an anchor cable locking device, and the drilling rig 101 is used to operate the drilling hydraulic cylinder 110, and the anchor cable locking device and the drill pipe joint 1011 of the drilling machine are alternately locked, so that the drilling can be conveniently carried out.
  • the cable process reduces equipment investment.

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Abstract

公开了一种多功能锚索钻机，包括车架（3），车架（3）上设有可俯仰伸缩的主臂（1），主臂（1）的顶端设有钻机（101）；在主臂（1）的一侧设有可俯仰伸缩的辅臂（2），辅臂（2）的顶端设有操作平台（25）。辅臂固定臂（22）的底部通过销轴与固设在车架（3）的辅臂座（33）铰接；辅臂活动臂（23）活动套接在辅臂固定臂（22）内，辅臂活动臂（23）的底端与辅臂固定臂（22）的内腔底部之间设有辅臂伸缩液压缸（21）；辅臂固定臂（22）与辅臂俯仰液压缸（26）的一端铰接，辅臂俯仰液压缸（26）的另一端与车架（3）铰接；辅臂活动臂（23）的自由端与操作平台（25）铰接，还设有调平液压缸（24）。通过设置的主臂（1）和辅臂（2）结构，能够使操作平台方便的装卸钻杆，且便于近距离的控制钻孔质量，也便于后续辅助钻孔、入索、注浆和张拉等锚索施工多道工序的操作。

Description

多功能锚索钻机 技术领域
本发明涉及钻机领域，特别是一种多功能锚索钻机。
背景技术
大型地下洞室和工程边坡开挖过程中，高边墙、顶拱及边坡通常布置预应力锚索进行岩体加固。锚索施工通常采取搭设排架作为操作平台，在该操作平台上完成钻孔、入索、注浆及张拉等工序施工，这种施工方法因需占压工作面，且高度较大，存在影响直线工期、施工干扰大、工效低及安全风险大等问题。
中国专利文献CN101832103A公开了一种可移动两臂顶帮锚杆锚索施工钻车，该钻车的结构较为复杂，主要用于煤矿的开采中。其钻臂的结构为底部旋转式结构，在钻进过程中受力不佳，影响施工效率。尤其对于硬岩掘进过程中效率较低。在掘进过程中若需要装卸钻杆，现有的钻机都需要搭设排架作为操作平台，施工效率低，钻孔质量也难以保障。而且预应力锚索施工中还有入索、注浆和张拉等多道工序，采用现有的排架施工方式劳动强度大。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种多功能锚索钻机，能够方便地装卸钻杆，并便于入索、注浆和张拉等多道工序的施工，且钻臂受力良好。优选的方案中，能够可靠确保施工人员的安全。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种多功能锚索钻机，包括车架，车架底部设有行走装置，车架上设有可俯仰伸缩的主臂，主臂的顶端设有钻机；
在主臂的一侧设有可俯仰伸缩的辅臂，辅臂的顶端设有操作平台。
优选的方案中，在车架上设有液压控制室和电机，在车架的四角设有车架液压支腿。
优选的方案中，所述的主臂中，主臂固定臂的底部通过销轴与固设在车架的主臂座铰接；
主臂活动臂活动套接在主臂固定臂内，在主臂固定臂内，主臂活动臂的底端与主臂固定臂的内腔底部之间设有主臂伸缩液压缸；
主臂固定臂与主臂俯仰液压缸的一端铰接，主臂俯仰液压缸的另一端与车架铰接；
主臂活动臂的顶端与回转装置铰接，回转装置的顶部固设有钻机臂，钻机安装在钻机臂上； 钻机俯仰液压缸的一端与主臂活动臂铰接，钻机俯仰液压缸的另一端与回转装置铰接。
优选的方案中，所述的钻机臂中，滑动钻机座与固定钻机臂活动连接，并能沿着固定钻机臂滑动，钻机与滑动钻机座固定连接，在固定钻机臂上还固设有钻杆导轨；
回转装置与钻进液压缸的一端固定连接，钻进液压缸的另一端与滑动钻机座连接。
优选的方案中，所述的回转装置中，回转蜗轮壳体的底部固设有回转支座，回转支座与主臂活动臂铰接，回转蜗轮可转动地安装在回转蜗轮壳体内，回转蜗轮的端面与固定钻机臂固定连接，回转蜗杆壳体与回转蜗轮壳体固定连接，回转蜗杆可转动的安装在回转蜗杆壳体内，回转蜗杆与回转蜗轮啮合连接，回转液压马达与回转蜗杆固定连接。
优选的方案中，在固定钻机臂靠近钻杆导轨的一端设有钻机臂定位齿。
优选的方案中，所述的辅臂中，辅臂固定臂的底部通过销轴与固设在车架的辅臂座铰接；
辅臂活动臂活动套接在辅臂固定臂内，在辅臂固定臂内，辅臂活动臂的底端与辅臂固定臂的内腔底部之间设有辅臂伸缩液压缸；
辅臂固定臂与辅臂俯仰液压缸的一端铰接，辅臂俯仰液压缸的另一端与车架铰接；
辅臂活动臂的自由端与操作平台铰接，辅臂活动臂还与调平液压缸的一端铰接，调平液压缸的另一端与操作平台铰接。
优选的方案中，在辅臂下方的车架上设有辅臂缓冲防护装置。
优选的方案中，所述的辅臂缓冲防护装置中，缓冲活塞密封活动安装在缓冲缸内腔内，缓冲活塞的顶部设有托架，缓冲缸内腔的***设有缓冲缸外腔，缓冲缸内腔和缓冲缸外腔在底部的位置通过至少一个过油孔连通，缓冲活塞与缓冲缸内腔的底部之间设有缓冲弹簧。
优选的方案中，在操作平台设有超声距离传感器。
本发明提供了一种多功能锚索钻机，通过设置的主臂和辅臂结构，能够使操作平台方便的装卸钻杆，且便于近距离的控制钻孔质量，也便于后续辅助钻孔、入索、注浆和张拉等锚索施工多道工序的操作，克服了现有技术中施工作业时需搭设排架等辅助作业设施的问题，且克服了干扰大、工效低、安全风险大的问题。且本发明的主臂和辅臂均采用的伸缩结构，主臂还采用了回转装置的结构，有效提高了作业半径，提升了施工效率。设置的辅臂缓冲防护装置能够在液压油失压时给辅臂提供辅助缓冲，确保施工人员的安全。本发明的主臂和钻机的布置结构合理，受力可靠，进一步提高了钻孔质量。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明的主视结构示意图。
图2为本发明中辅臂的主视结构示意图。
图3为本发明中主臂的主视结构示意图。
图4为本发明中主臂座和辅臂座的结构示意图。
图5本发明中辅臂缓冲防护装置的结构示意图。
图6本发明中回转装置的俯视结构示意图。
图中：主臂1，钻机101，钻杆接头1011，回转装置102，回转支座1021，回转液压马达1022，回转蜗杆壳体1023，回转蜗杆1024，回转蜗轮壳体1025，回转蜗轮1026，钻机俯仰液压缸103，钻机臂104，固定钻机臂1041，滑动钻机座1042，钻机臂定位齿1043，钻杆导轨105，主臂活动臂106，主臂伸缩液压缸107，主臂固定臂108，主臂俯仰液压缸109，钻进液压缸110，辅臂2，辅臂伸缩液压缸21，辅臂固定臂22，辅臂活动臂23，调平液压缸24，操作平台25，辅臂俯仰液压缸26，辅臂缓冲防护装置27，托架271，缓冲活塞272，缓冲缸内腔273，缓冲缸外腔274，缓冲弹簧275，过油孔276，车架3，车架液压支腿31，主臂座32，辅臂座33，液压控制室4，电机5，履带行走总成6。
具体实施方式
如图1～4中，一种多功能锚索钻机，包括车架3，车架3底部设有行走装置，所述的行走装置，包括轮胎行走装置和履带行走总成6，履带行走总成由左右履带组成，每条履带包括一个行走马达、一个驱动轮、一个导向轮、一个履带液压调节器，多个支重轮、一个支撑轮、履带板组件和履带架。本例中优选的采用履带行走总成6。
车架3上设有可俯仰伸缩的主臂1，主臂1的顶端设有钻机101；
在主臂1的一侧设有可俯仰伸缩的辅臂2，辅臂2的顶端设有操作平台25。由此结构，辅臂2上的操作平台25便于施工人员配合钻机101进行施工作业。
优选的方案如图1中，在车架3上设有液压控制室4和电机5，在车架3的四角设有车架液压支腿31。液压控制室4用于操作主臂1、辅臂2和钻机101的动作，电机5用于驱动液压泵。在没有电力的场合，还设有发电机，用于给电机5供电。设置的车架液压支腿31能够临时固定车架3。
优选的方案中，所述的主臂1中，主臂固定臂108的底部通过销轴与固设在车架3的主臂座32铰接；
主臂活动臂106活动套接在主臂固定臂108内，在主臂固定臂108内，主臂活动臂106的底 端与主臂固定臂108的内腔底部之间设有主臂伸缩液压缸107；
主臂固定臂108与主臂俯仰液压缸109的一端铰接，主臂俯仰液压缸109的另一端与车架3铰接。
主臂活动臂106的顶端与回转装置102铰接，回转装置102的顶部固设有钻机臂104，钻机101安装在钻机臂104上；
钻机俯仰液压缸103的一端与主臂活动臂106铰接，钻机俯仰液压缸103的另一端与回转装置102铰接。主臂俯仰液压缸109与钻机俯仰液压缸103的组合能够调节主臂1的倾角，并使钻机臂104保持原有的状态，例如保持水平，或倾角5°。设置的主臂伸缩液压缸107能够调节钻机101的作业半径，本例中主臂伸缩液压缸107的伸缩行程为3～3.5米。钻机101上设有钻杆接头1011用于连接钻杆，本例中采用通孔结构的钻杆接头1011。钻机101接入压缩空气和液压油，其中液压油通过液压马达驱动钻杆旋转，而压缩空气给钻杆提供往复的冲击力。
优选的方案如图3中，所述的钻机臂104中，滑动钻机座1042与固定钻机臂1041活动连接，并能沿着固定钻机臂1041滑动，钻机101与滑动钻机座1042固定连接，在固定钻机臂1041上还固设有钻杆导轨105；
回转装置102与钻进液压缸110的一端固定连接，钻进液压缸110的另一端与滑动钻机座1042连接。回转装置102的旋转半径为0度～360度，进一步增大了钻机101的作业半径。
优选的方案如图5中，所述的回转装置102中，回转蜗轮壳体1025的底部固设有回转支座1021，回转支座1021与主臂活动臂106铰接，回转蜗轮1026可转动地安装在回转蜗轮壳体1025内，回转蜗轮1026的端面与固定钻机臂1041固定连接，回转蜗杆壳体1023与回转蜗轮壳体1025固定连接，回转蜗杆1024可转动的安装在回转蜗杆壳体1023内，回转蜗杆1024与回转蜗轮1026啮合连接，回转液压马达1022与回转蜗杆1024固定连接。由此结构，给钻机臂1041提供了最大的旋转自由度，且受力可靠。
本例中，钻杆导轨105位于钻机臂104上靠近钻杆导轨105的位置，而钻机101位于钻机臂104上远离回转装置102的位置。由此结构，当安装钻杆后，有利于保持钻机臂104的平衡。
优选的方案如图3中，在固定钻机臂1041靠近钻杆导轨105的一端设有钻机臂定位齿1043。钻机臂定位齿1043在钻机工作时，可以嵌入到岩壁，防止钻孔过程中钻机打滑，保证钻孔精度。
优选的方案如图2中，所述的辅臂2中，辅臂固定臂22的底部通过销轴与固设在车 架3的辅臂座33铰接；
辅臂活动臂23活动套接在辅臂固定臂22内，在辅臂固定臂22内，辅臂活动臂23的底端与辅臂固定臂22的内腔底部之间设有辅臂伸缩液压缸21；
辅臂固定臂22与辅臂俯仰液压缸26的一端铰接，辅臂俯仰液压缸26的另一端与车架3铰接；
辅臂活动臂23的自由端与操作平台25铰接，辅臂活动臂23还与调平液压缸24的一端铰接，调平液压缸24的另一端与操作平台25铰接。由此结构，实现操作平台25的升降和调平，便于操作人员进行辅助作业。例如装卸钻杆、入索、注浆和张拉等操作。
优选的方案如图2中，在辅臂2下方的车架3上设有辅臂缓冲防护装置27。由此结构，确保在液压油失压时，缓冲辅臂2的冲击力，确保施工人员安全。
优选的方案如图5中，所述的辅臂缓冲防护装置27中，缓冲活塞272密封活动安装在缓冲缸内腔273内，缓冲活塞272的顶部设有托架271，缓冲缸内腔273的***设有缓冲缸外腔274，缓冲缸内腔273和缓冲缸外腔274在底部的位置通过至少一个过油孔276连通，缓冲活塞272与缓冲缸内腔273的底部之间设有缓冲弹簧275。由此结构，当受到冲击时，缓冲缸内腔273的液压油通过过油孔276进入到缓冲缸外腔274产生阻力，即此处的过油孔276为阻尼孔，从而实现缓冲，配合缓冲弹簧275实现双重缓冲。进一步优选的，在缓冲缸外腔274的顶部为密封结构，内储存有空气，当液压油进入缓冲缸外腔274后使内存的空气压缩，实现三重缓冲。
优选的方案中，在操作平台25设有超声距离传感器。由此结构，能够避免距离岩壁或主臂1太近，确保施工安全。
钻孔作业的步骤如下：
一、将本发明的锚索钻机行驶到锚索施工作业面就位，操作液压控制室内的控制杆使车架液压支腿31支撑到地面，然后使主臂伸展开，并调整钻机机身初步对准锚索孔位；
二、操作液压控制室内的控制杆，使载有操作人员的辅臂靠近主臂顶端安装的钻机，操作人员使用角度尺、罗盘等测量工具检查钻杆方位角及倾角，并指导调整钻机机身直至钻杆符合钻孔方位角及倾角要求；
三、经质检人员再次校核钻孔参数符合要求，机组人员检查钻机机身稳固后，启动钻机实施钻孔；
四、开启钻机后操作钻进液压缸110，使钻杆的钻头缓缓靠近岩壁，轻压慢推开始钻孔，钻进50cm～100cm后再次检查钻孔方位角及倾角，符合要求方可继续钻进，否则应立即进行 调整；
五、根据钻进过程中返岩情况实时调整推进压力，钻进5m左右时再次复核钻孔方位角及倾角，偏差在允许范围之内可继续钻进，否则应采取纠偏措施后再钻进；
六、后续钻进过程中应每隔10m左右进行一次复核钻孔方位角及倾角工作，直至达到设计孔深；
七、达到设计孔深后进行退出钻杆操作，操作人员在辅臂操作平台内辅助钻杆退出，仍然通过操作液压控制室内的控制杆使钻杆缓慢转动且缓缓退出，每退出一截钻杆，控制钻杆反转，采用专用卸钻杆扳手拆卸钻杆，并放置在操作平台内，直至全部退出。
后续的入索、注浆和张拉工序均在辅臂2的操作平台25上进行操作，减少搭设排架的费用。
将钻机臂104上的钻杆导轨105替换为锚索锁定装置，配合钻机101，通过操作钻进液压缸110，交替的锁紧锚索锁定装置和钻机的钻杆接头1011，能够方便的进行入索工序，减少了设备投入。
上述的实施例仅为本发明的优选技术方案，而不应视为对于本发明的限制，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征在不冲突的情况下，可以相互任意组合。本发明的保护范围应以权利要求记载的技术方案，包括权利要求记载的技术方案中技术特征的等同替换方案为保护范围。即在此范围内的等同替换改进，也在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多功能锚索钻机，包括车架(3)，车架(3)底部设有行走装置，其特征是：车架(3)上设有可俯仰伸缩的主臂(1)，主臂(1)的顶端设有钻机(101)；
    在主臂(1)的一侧设有可俯仰伸缩的辅臂(2)，辅臂(2)的顶端设有操作平台(25)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：在车架(3)上设有液压控制室(4)和电机(5)，在车架(3)的四角设有车架液压支腿(31)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：所述的主臂(1)中，主臂固定臂(108)的底部通过销轴与固设在车架(3)的主臂座(32)铰接；
    主臂活动臂(106)活动套接在主臂固定臂(108)内，在主臂固定臂(108)内，主臂活动臂(106)的底端与主臂固定臂(108)的内腔底部之间设有主臂伸缩液压缸(107)；
    主臂固定臂(108)与主臂俯仰液压缸(109)的一端铰接，主臂俯仰液压缸(109)的另一端与车架(3)铰接；
    主臂活动臂(106)的顶端与回转装置(102)铰接，回转装置(102)的顶部固设有钻机臂(104)，钻机(101)安装在钻机臂(104)上；
    钻机俯仰液压缸(103)的一端与主臂活动臂(106)铰接，钻机俯仰液压缸(103)的另一端与回转装置(102)铰接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：所述的钻机臂(104)中，滑动钻机座(1042)与固定钻机臂(1041)活动连接，并能沿着固定钻机臂(1041)滑动，钻机(101)与滑动钻机座(1042)固定连接，在固定钻机臂(1041)上还固设有钻杆导轨(105)；
    回转装置(102)与钻进液压缸(110)的一端固定连接，钻进液压缸(110)的另一端与滑动钻机座(1042)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：所述的回转装置(102)中，回转蜗轮壳体(1025)的底部固设有回转支座(1021)，回转支座(1021)与主臂活动臂(106)铰接，回转蜗轮(1026)可转动地安装在回转蜗轮壳体(1025)内，回转蜗轮(1026)的端面与固定钻机臂(1041)固定连接，回转蜗杆壳体(1023)与回转蜗轮壳体(1025)固定连接，回转蜗杆(1024)可转动的安装在回转蜗杆壳体(1023)内，回转蜗杆(1024)与回转蜗轮(1026)啮合连接，回转液压马达(1022)与回转蜗杆(1024)固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：在固定钻机臂(1041)靠近钻杆导轨(105)的一端设有钻机臂定位齿(1043)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：所述的辅臂(2)中，辅臂固定臂(22)的底部通过销轴与固设在车架(3)的辅臂座(33)铰接；
    辅臂活动臂(23)活动套接在辅臂固定臂(22)内，在辅臂固定臂(22)内，辅臂活动臂(23)的底端与辅臂固定臂(22)的内腔底部之间设有辅臂伸缩液压缸(21)；
    辅臂固定臂(22)与辅臂俯仰液压缸(26)的一端铰接，辅臂俯仰液压缸(26)的另一端与车架(3)铰接；
    辅臂活动臂(23)的自由端与操作平台(25)铰接，辅臂活动臂(23)还与调平液压缸(24)的一端铰接，调平液压缸(24)的另一端与操作平台(25)铰接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：在辅臂(2)下方的车架(3)上设有辅臂缓冲防护装置(27)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：所述的辅臂缓冲防护装置(27)中，缓冲活塞(272)密封活动安装在缓冲缸内腔(273)内，缓冲活塞(272)的顶部设有托架(271)，缓冲缸内腔(273)的***设有缓冲缸外腔(274)，缓冲缸内腔(273)和缓冲缸外腔(274)在底部的位置通过至少一个过油孔(276)连通，缓冲活塞(272)与缓冲缸内腔(273)的底部之间设有缓冲弹簧(275)。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的一种多功能锚索钻机，其特征是：在操作平台(25)设有超声距离传感器。
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CN109736801A (zh) * 2019-02-21 2019-05-10 蒲长晏 掘锚一体机
CN109736801B (zh) * 2019-02-21 2024-05-24 河北景隆智能装备股份有限公司 掘锚一体机
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