WO2018076908A1 - Method and device for detecting backup path - Google Patents

Method and device for detecting backup path Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076908A1
WO2018076908A1 PCT/CN2017/098479 CN2017098479W WO2018076908A1 WO 2018076908 A1 WO2018076908 A1 WO 2018076908A1 CN 2017098479 W CN2017098479 W CN 2017098479W WO 2018076908 A1 WO2018076908 A1 WO 2018076908A1
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detection
path
information
alternate path
node
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PCT/CN2017/098479
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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吴建红
刘爱华
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/248—Connectivity information update

Definitions

  • the present application relates to, but is not limited to, a path detection technology in a packet switched network, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for detecting an alternate path in a packet switched network.
  • L3 VPN Layer3-Virtual Private Network
  • L3 VPN network may also involve two parts: metro L3 VPN and provincial L3 VPN.
  • the hierarchical domain of the network also puts forward higher requirements for perfect network protection.
  • the L2 VPN access layer uses DNI PW (Dual Node Interconnection Pseudo Wire) protection
  • the L3 VPN uses VPN FRR (Virtual Private Network Fast Reroute). Fast reroute protection.
  • the number of service combination paths is also larger. All the combined paths except the current primary path are all alternate paths.
  • the alternate path often has signaling and a small amount of services. In particular, after switching, the service is switched to the alternate path.
  • the quality of the alternate path is closely related to the quality of the switching.
  • detection technologies for the service main path, including detection technologies based on Ping/Trace (Packet Internet Groper/Trace), such as VRF (Virtual Routing Forwarding) Ping, UNI. (User Network Interface, user network side interface)/NNI (Network to Network Interface) Ping, etc., based on OWAMP/TWAMP (One-way Active Measurement Protocol/Two-way Active Measurement Protocol)
  • the detection technology of the two-way detection protocol is based on the detection technology of the MPLS-TP OAM (Multi-Protocol Label Switching-Transport Profile Operation, Administration and Maintenance).
  • Ping and TWAMP can provide L2 VPN+L3 VPN cross-layer cross-domain end-to-end path detection
  • MPLS-TP OAM can provide path detection in VPN domain.
  • the MPLS-TP OAM detection technology can be applied to the path of the PW (Pseudo Wire)/LSP (Label Switching Path). Since the path of the L3 VPN may have multiple alternate paths, the current network may The alternate path of the hierarchical domain-separated scenario, such as L3 VPN and L2VPN+L3VPN, lacks effective detection technology. If the backup path fails, the quality of the entire end-to-end service will be affected.
  • the current alternate path detection scheme mainly determines the forwarding information of each hop by the control plane, and the forwarding plane detects the abnormal packet by detecting the abnormal packet.
  • the problem of this scheme is that the packet must be an abnormal report.
  • special processing is required, and the implementation complexity is relatively high.
  • ECMP Equal Cost Multipath Routing
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and an apparatus for detecting an alternate path.
  • the detection result is calculated.
  • the calculating and generating the alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information may include: generating, according to the following information, N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service, where N ⁇ 1:
  • Source node and destination node information
  • the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain is the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
  • the method may further include: selecting, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, M spare paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, where N ⁇ M ⁇ 1;
  • the routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path passed is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
  • the calculating the forwarding information of the alternate path may include: determining, for each of the M candidate paths to be detected, forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the alternate path, where The forwarding information includes:
  • the detection message may have the following characteristics:
  • the detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
  • the detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
  • calculating the detection result may include: if the detection is one-way detection, when the detection message reaches the destination node, according to the purpose The detection packet received by the node calculates the detection result of the alternate path.
  • the calculation detects The result may include: if the detection is bidirectional, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the source node and the destination node are exchanged, and the detection packet is continued to be forwarded according to the re-determined alternate path; when the detection packet reaches the source The node calculates a detection result of the alternate path according to the detection packet received by the source node.
  • the first calculating unit is configured to calculate and generate an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information;
  • a second calculating unit configured to calculate forwarding information of the alternate path
  • the insertion unit is configured to insert a detection packet in the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, and the detection packet is forwarded along the standby path, where the detection packet encounters path association protection
  • the domain, the intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet
  • the third calculating unit is configured to calculate the detection result when the detection message reaches the end node.
  • the first calculating unit may be configured to generate N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service according to the following information, where N ⁇ 1:
  • Source node and destination node information
  • the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain is the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
  • the apparatus may further include: a selecting unit configured to select, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, M spare paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, N ⁇ M ⁇ 1; wherein the routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path passed is a priority of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
  • the second calculating unit may be configured to determine, for each of the M pieces of the standby path to be detected, forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the standby path, where the forwarding Information includes:
  • the detection message may have the following characteristics:
  • the detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
  • the detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
  • the third calculating unit may be configured to calculate, according to the detection message received by the destination node, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, if the detection is unidirectional detection, The detection result of the alternate path.
  • the third calculating unit may be configured to, if the detection is bidirectional, when the detection message reaches the destination node, exchange the source node and the destination node, and continue forwarding according to the re-determined alternate path.
  • the detection packet is sent; when the detection packet reaches the source node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable medium storing a detection program of an alternate path, where the detection program is implemented by the processor to implement the step of detecting the alternate path.
  • the generating an alternate path is calculated according to the network topology information and the service information; calculating the forwarding information of the standby path; and inserting the detection packet at the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, where the detecting The packet is forwarded along the alternate path. If the detection packet encounters the path association protection domain, the intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet; when the detection packet reaches the destination node, , calculate the test results. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application only performs the decision of the forwarding path in some decision nodes, and is not only suitable for the active/standby scenario, but also suitable for the scenario of load sharing, and the solution is more reliable and simple.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a model of an alternate path
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart 1 of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a second schematic flowchart of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-domain L2 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L2 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN+L3 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the key to the detection of the alternate path is the coverage traversal detection of the multi-layer multi-domain protection path. Since there is no service traffic on the alternate path, the service flow cannot be detected. Therefore, the detection of the alternate path can be active. Detection method.
  • the active detection packet can be configured by actively configuring the information about the alternate path, and the active detection packet is customized, and the active detection packet is inserted on the source node of the standby path to be detected, and the quality of the backup path is determined by the detection result of the active detection packet. . Therefore, the present application provides a method for detecting an alternate path, by which an alternate path can be detected to determine the quality status of the alternate path.
  • FIG. 1 The following first describes the terms and concepts related to the embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 1:
  • Associated protection domain The protection mode, the available protection name, and the protection type of the domain. For example, PW protection, VPN FRR protection, ECMP protection, LAG (Link Aggregation Group) protection, MSP (Multiplex Section Protection, Multiplex section protection) protection, etc.
  • Alternate path refers to the path of the next hop, such as the primary path or the alternate path; if there are multiple paths in the ECMP scenario, which next hop paths exist.
  • Alternate path description The above 1), 2), and 3) are combined in a certain order to form an end-to-end alternate path description.
  • Detection direction forward direction, which refers to the flow direction of the service from the source node to the destination node.
  • Reverse direction refers to the flow of traffic from the destination node to the source node.
  • Detection mode One-way means that the detected source node and destination node are not in the same node. Two-way means that the detection source node and the destination node are in the same node.
  • the forward and reverse detection processes are identical.
  • the detection mode is two-way, one-way forward and one-way reverse detection may be performed separately.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart 1 of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, the method for detecting an alternate path includes the following steps:
  • Step 201 Calculate and generate an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information.
  • the management plane or the control plane calculates the generated alternate path statically or dynamically according to the network topology information to be analyzed and the service information to be analyzed.
  • the calculating and generating the alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information may include: generating, according to the following information, N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service, where N ⁇ 1:
  • Source node and destination node information where the source node and the destination node information are associated with the end-to-end service, and the source node and the destination node information may be a Layer 3 interface IP (Internet Protocol) address or a borrowed address;
  • Layer 3 interface IP Internet Protocol
  • the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain is the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
  • the method may further include: selecting, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, the M alternate paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, where N ⁇ M ⁇ 1;
  • the routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path passed is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
  • Step 202 Calculate forwarding information of the alternate path.
  • the calculating the forwarding information of the standby path may include: determining, for each of the M to be detected, the forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the standby path, where the forwarding information includes:
  • the detection message of the alternate path The detection message of the alternate path; the key feature information of the detection message; the decision node information of the alternate path; and the candidate path information.
  • the detection message may have the following characteristics:
  • the detection packet of the alternate path can be forwarded normally in the target network; for example, an OAM packet of the IP layer: TWAMP, ICMP-PING;
  • the detection packet of the alternate path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path, so that the forwarding node can detect whether the detection packet is an alternate path; for example, the specific port number of the TWAMP protocol is used as the preparation packet.
  • the selection path identifies the key information of this detection message.
  • the forwarding information is sent to the transmission plane through the management plane or the control plane, so as to control the forwarding behavior of the detection packet of the alternate path by the transmission plane.
  • Step 203 Insert a detection packet in the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, and the detection packet is forwarded along the alternate path, where if the detection packet encounters a path association protection domain, Then, the intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet.
  • the management plane or the control plane sends a detection start operation to the transmission plane, and the transmission plane inserts the detection message of the designated alternate path at the source node.
  • the detection packet is forwarded along the specified alternate path in the transmission plane.
  • the decision node is selected in the domain by the pre-configured rule. The decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet. Otherwise, the packet is forwarded according to the normal forwarding process. Detect the message.
  • Step 204 When the detection message reaches the end node, the detection result is calculated.
  • the detection result is calculated, including two cases:
  • the detection is a one-way detection
  • the detection packet reaches the destination node
  • the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the destination node.
  • the detection is two-way detection, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the source node and the destination node are exchanged, and the detection packet is continued to be forwarded according to the re-determined alternate path; When the file reaches the source node, the detection result of the standby path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
  • the transport plane reports and notifies the management plane or control plane of the test result, and the test ends.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart 2 of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, the method for detecting an alternate path includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 The management plane or the control plane calculates and generates an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information.
  • Step 302 The management plane or the control plane calculates the forwarding information of the alternate path and delivers the information to the transmission plane.
  • Step 303 The transmission plane inserts a detection message at the source node.
  • Step 304 Determine whether the detection packet encounters the path association protection domain. If yes, go to step 305. Otherwise, go to step 306.
  • Step 305 The intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet according to the forwarding information, and performs step 307.
  • Step 306 Forward the detection packet normally.
  • Step 307 Determine whether the detection message reaches the end node. If yes, go to step 308. Otherwise, go to step 304.
  • Step 308 Calculate and report the detection result according to the detection message received by the terminal node.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-domain L2 VPN scenario.
  • the scenario is a simple mobile backhaul service bearer, and the LTE service is accessed from the metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN.
  • the end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the PW linear protection of the L2 VPN (both PE1 and PE2 are PG1), the primary PW is PW1, the standby PW is PW2, and the CE1 node ID is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, CE2.
  • the loopback address of the node is 2.2.2.2, the source node is CE1, and the destination node is CE2.
  • the detection of its alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
  • Step 401 According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 2:
  • the CE1 to CE2 direction is forward, and the CE2 to CE1 direction is reversed. There is only one protection domain and decision node. Therefore, the alternate path selection is relatively simple. The alternate path is described as the entry forward 1 and reverse 2.
  • Step 402 Manage or control plane calculation to select an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol,
  • the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) port number of TWAMP is defined as A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the alternate forwarding information for the forward 1 alternate path:
  • PE1 [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2].
  • Step 403 The management or control plane sends the forwarding information to the transmission plane.
  • Step 404 The management or control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
  • Step 405 In the packet, the PE1 is the decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node. CE2.
  • Step 406 Forward to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
  • Step 407 Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
  • CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L2 VPN scenario.
  • the scenario is a simple mobile backhaul service for large customer service bearers.
  • the LTE service is accessed from the metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN and then to the L2 VPN.
  • the end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the PW linear protection of the metro L2 VPN (in each The decision node is identified as PG1), the primary PW is PW1, the standby PW is PW2, and the dry L2 VPN is PW linear protection, the primary is PW3, and is prepared as PW4, and the CE1 node identifier is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, and the CE2 node ring
  • the return address is 2.2.2.2.
  • the source node is CE1 and the destination node is CE2.
  • the detection of its alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 3:
  • the alternate path routes are forwarded to entry 1 and entry 2 and entry 3.
  • the alternate path entries in the reverse direction of CE2 to CE are also available. 6, 6.
  • the NMS decides to select a path based on the policy of the alternate path. For example, if the selection policy is that all paths are reserved, the alternate path from CE1 to CE2 is described as forward entry 1.
  • Step 502 The management or control plane calculates an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol. Define the UDP port number of TWAMP as A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the forwarding information of alternate path 1:
  • PE1 [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2]
  • PE2 [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW4].
  • Step 503 The management or control plane sends the foregoing forwarding information to the transmission plane.
  • Step 504 The management or control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
  • Step 505 The PE1 in the packet is a decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node.
  • PE3 is the decision-making node to find the matching policy.
  • the packet forwarding path is PW4. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to PW4 until CE2.
  • Step 506 Forward to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
  • Step 507 Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
  • CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN scenario.
  • the scenario is a simple mobile backhaul service for large customer service bearers.
  • the LTE service is accessed from the metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN and then to the metropolitan area L3 VPN.
  • the end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the PW linear protection of the metropolitan area L2 VPN (identified as PG1 in each decision node), the primary PW is PW1, the standby PW is PW2, and the metro L3 VPN is VPN FRR protection, and the primary VPN FRR For VPN FRR1, the standby VPN FRR is VPN FRR2, the CE1 node ID is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, and the CE2 node loopback address is 2.2.2.2.
  • the source node is CE1 and the destination node is CE2.
  • the following takes the selection of the forward direction as an example.
  • the detection of the alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 4:
  • the alternate path routes are forward entry 1 and entry 2 and entry 3.
  • the NMS decides to select a path based on the policy of the alternate path. For example, if the selection policy is that the path is all spare, the alternate path is described as forward entry 1.
  • Step 602 The management or control plane calculates an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol, and defines that the UDP port number of the TWAMP is A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the forwarding information of the alternate path:
  • PE1 [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2]
  • PE2 [TWAMP, UDPA, VPNFRR, VPNFRR2].
  • Step 603 The management and control plane delivers the forwarding information to the transmission plane.
  • Step 604 The management and control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
  • Step 605 The PE1 of the packet is a decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node.
  • PE5 is the decision node to find the matching policy.
  • the packet forwarding path is VPNFRR2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to VPNFRR2 until CE2.
  • Step 606 Forwarding to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
  • Step 607 Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
  • CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN+L3 VPN scenario, which is directed to a more complex mobile backhaul service bearer, for example, LTE service access from a metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN (identified as PG1 at each decision node)
  • the primary PW is PW1
  • the standby PW is PW2.
  • the national L3 VPN is passed to the CE2.
  • the CE2 can be the wireless gateway SGW (Serving GateWay) or the MME (Mobility Management Entity).
  • the end-to-end PTN network carrying the LTE service is L2 VPN (Metropolitan Area Access) + L3 VPN (Metropolitan Area Aggregation) + L3 VPN (Provincial Dry Convergence).
  • the end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the LW VPN PW dual-homing + DNI PW + metro VPN FRR + provincial dry VPN FRR, the CE1 node identifier is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, and the CE2 node loopback address is 2.2.2.2;
  • the node is CE1 and the destination node is CE2.
  • the detection of its alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
  • Step 701 According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 5:
  • the number of alternate path entries is the above positive entries 1 to 7.
  • the NMS decides to select a path based on the policy of the alternate path. For example, if the selection policy is that all paths are reserved, the candidate path in the direction of CE1 to CE2 is forward entry 1.
  • Step 702 The management and control plane selects an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol, and defines that the UDP port number of the TWAMP is A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the forwarding information of alternate path 1:
  • PE1 [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2]
  • PE5 [TWAMP, UDPA, VPNFRR, VPNFRR2]
  • PE8 [TWAMP, UDPA, VPNFRR, VPNFRR4].
  • Step 703 The management or control plane sends the forwarding information to the transmission plane.
  • Step 704 The management or control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
  • Step 705 The PE1 of the packet is a decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node.
  • PE5 is the decision-making node to find the matching policy.
  • the packet forwarding path is VPNFRR2.
  • the packet is forwarded to PE8.
  • the PE8 is the decision-making node to find the matching policy.
  • the packet forwarding path is VPNFRR4. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to VPNFRR4 until CE2. .
  • Step 706 Forward to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
  • CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
  • Step 707 Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the device includes:
  • the first calculating unit 81 is configured to calculate and generate an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information;
  • a second calculating unit 82 configured to calculate forwarding information of the standby path
  • the insertion unit 83 is configured to insert a detection packet in the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, and the detection packet is forwarded along the standby path, where the detection packet encounters a path association
  • the protection domain determines the forwarding path of the detection packet by the intra-domain decision node;
  • the third calculating unit 84 is configured to calculate a detection result when the detection message reaches the end node.
  • the first calculating unit 81 may be configured to generate N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service according to the following information, where N ⁇ 1:
  • Source node and destination node information
  • the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain is the associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
  • the device may further include:
  • the selecting unit 85 is configured to select, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, M spare paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, where N ⁇ M ⁇ 1;
  • the routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path that passes is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
  • the second calculating unit 82 may be further configured to: determine, for each of the M candidate paths to be detected, forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the standby path, where the forwarding Information includes:
  • the detection packet may have the following features:
  • the detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
  • the detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
  • the third calculating unit 84 may be further configured to: if the detection is unidirectional detection, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, calculate the location according to the detection packet received by the destination node. The detection result of the alternate path.
  • the third calculating unit 84 may be further configured to: if the detection is bidirectional, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the source node and the destination node are exchanged, and the forwarding is continued according to the re-determined alternate path.
  • the detection packet is sent; when the detection packet reaches the source node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
  • each unit in the detecting means of the alternate path shown in FIG. 8 can be understood by referring to the related description of the detecting method of the foregoing alternate path.
  • the function of each unit in the detecting means of the alternate path shown in FIG. 8 can be realized by a program running on the processor, or can be realized by a logic circuit.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable medium storing a detection program of an alternate path, where the detection program is implemented by the processor to implement the step of detecting the alternate path.
  • embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the application can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the device implements at least one of the following: The function specified in a process or multiple processes, block diagrams, or multiple blocks.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing at least one of the functions specified in a flow or a flow of a flowchart, a block or a plurality of blocks in a block diagram.
  • computer storage medium includes volatile and nonvolatile, implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Sex, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridge, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or may Any other medium used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by the computer.
  • communication media typically includes computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and can include any information delivery media. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and a device for detecting an alternate path.
  • the decision of the forwarding path is performed only in some decision nodes, and is not only suitable for the active/standby scenario, but also for the scenario of load sharing, and the solution is more reliable and simple.

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Abstract

A method and a device for detecting a backup path comprises: calculating and generating a backup path according to network topology information and service information; calculating forwarding information of the backup path; and inserting a detection massage into a source node of the backup path according to the forwarding information, the detection packet being forwarded along the backup path, wherein if the detection massage encounters a path association protection domain, an in-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection massage; and calculating a detection result when the detection massage reaches an end node.

Description

一种备用路径的检测方法及装置Method and device for detecting alternate path 技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及但不限于分组交换网络中的路径检测技术，尤其涉及一种分组交换网络中备用路径的检测方法及装置。The present application relates to, but is not limited to, a path detection technology in a packet switched network, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for detecting an alternate path in a packet switched network.
背景技术Background technique
随着承载LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)业务的要求，PTN(Packet Transmission Network，分组传送网络)网络从传统的L2 VPN(Layer2-Virtual Private Network，二层虚拟私有网络)演进到L2 VPN+L3 VPN(Layer3-Virtual Private Network，三层虚拟私有网络)混合组网，L3 VPN网络还可能涉及到城域L3 VPN与省干L3 VPN两部分。网络的分层分域对完善的网络保护也提出了更高的要求。典型的L2 VPN+L3 VPN混合组网中，L2 VPN接入层采用DNI PW(Dual Node Interconnection Pseudo Wire，双节点互联伪线)保护，L3 VPN采用VPN FRR(Virtual Private Network Fast Reroute，虚拟私有网络快速重路由)保护，业务实际路径存在多种组合，如表1所示：With the LTE (Long Term Evolution) service, the PTN (Packet Transmission Network) network evolves from the traditional L2 VPN (Layer2-Virtual Private Network) to the L2 VPN+. L3 VPN (Layer3-Virtual Private Network) hybrid networking, L3 VPN network may also involve two parts: metro L3 VPN and provincial L3 VPN. The hierarchical domain of the network also puts forward higher requirements for perfect network protection. In a typical L2 VPN+L3 VPN hybrid network, the L2 VPN access layer uses DNI PW (Dual Node Interconnection Pseudo Wire) protection, and the L3 VPN uses VPN FRR (Virtual Private Network Fast Reroute). Fast reroute protection. There are various combinations of actual service paths, as shown in Table 1:
  L2 VPN(DNI PW)L2 VPN (DNI PW) L3 VPN(VPN FRR)L3 VPN (VPN FRR)
组合路径1Combined path 1 主用PWPrimary PW FRR主路由FRR main route
组合路径2Combined path 2 备用PWStandby PW FRR主路由FRR main route
组合路径3Combined path 3 主用PWPrimary PW FRR备路由FRR backup route
表1Table 1
根据表1，当网络分层分域越多，业务组合路径也越多，所有组合路径中，除了当前主用路径，其他都是备用路径。备用路径经常会有信令以及少量业务，特别是经过倒换，业务会倒换到备用路径，备用路径好坏和倒换质量密切相关。According to Table 1, when there are more hierarchical domains in the network, the number of service combination paths is also larger. All the combined paths except the current primary path are all alternate paths. The alternate path often has signaling and a small amount of services. In particular, after switching, the service is switched to the alternate path. The quality of the alternate path is closely related to the quality of the switching.
当前对于业务主用路径已经有丰富的检测技术，包括基于Ping/Trace(Packet Internet Groper/Trace，网络包测试程序/跟踪)的检测技术(如VRF(Virtual Routing Forwarding，虚拟路由转发)Ping、UNI(User Network  Interface，用户网络侧接口)/NNI(Network to Network Interface，网络结点接口)Ping等)，基于OWAMP/TWAMP(One-way Active Measurement Protocol/Two-way Active Measurement Protocol，主动单向检测协议/主动双向检测协议)的检测技术，基于MPLS-TP OAM(Multi-Protocol Label Switching-Transport Profile Operation，Administration and Maintenance，多协议标签交换传输，操作管理维护)的检测技术等。其中，Ping和TWAMP可以提供L2 VPN+L3 VPN跨层跨域端到端的路径检测，MPLS-TP OAM能提供VPN域内的路径检测。对于L2 VPN，备用PW(Pseudo wire，伪线)/LSP(Label Switching Path，标签交换路径)路径可以应用MPLS-TP OAM检测技术，由于L3 VPN的路径可能存在多个备用路径，而目前网络对于涉及到L3 VPN和L2VPN+L3VPN等的分层分域场景的备用路径，缺乏有效的检测技术，如果备用路径发生故障，会影响整个端到端业务的质量。Currently, there are a variety of detection technologies for the service main path, including detection technologies based on Ping/Trace (Packet Internet Groper/Trace), such as VRF (Virtual Routing Forwarding) Ping, UNI. (User Network Interface, user network side interface)/NNI (Network to Network Interface) Ping, etc., based on OWAMP/TWAMP (One-way Active Measurement Protocol/Two-way Active Measurement Protocol) The detection technology of the two-way detection protocol is based on the detection technology of the MPLS-TP OAM (Multi-Protocol Label Switching-Transport Profile Operation, Administration and Maintenance). Among them, Ping and TWAMP can provide L2 VPN+L3 VPN cross-layer cross-domain end-to-end path detection, and MPLS-TP OAM can provide path detection in VPN domain. For the L2 VPN, the MPLS-TP OAM detection technology can be applied to the path of the PW (Pseudo Wire)/LSP (Label Switching Path). Since the path of the L3 VPN may have multiple alternate paths, the current network may The alternate path of the hierarchical domain-separated scenario, such as L3 VPN and L2VPN+L3VPN, lacks effective detection technology. If the backup path fails, the quality of the entire end-to-end service will be affected.
目前的备用路径检测方案主要是通过控制面确定每一跳本机的转发信息，转发面通过识别异常报文作为检测报文来进行检测，然而，这种方案的问题在于报文必须是异常报文，并且路径上的每个节点都需要特殊处理，实施复杂度比较高，特别是如果存在ECMP(Equal Cost Multipath Routing，等价多路径)场景时，并没有相关的解决方案。The current alternate path detection scheme mainly determines the forwarding information of each hop by the control plane, and the forwarding plane detects the abnormal packet by detecting the abnormal packet. However, the problem of this scheme is that the packet must be an abnormal report. For each node on the path, special processing is required, and the implementation complexity is relatively high. In particular, if there is an ECMP (Equal Cost Multipath Routing) scenario, there is no related solution.
发明概述Summary of invention
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。The following is an overview of the topics detailed in this document. This Summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
本申请实施例提供了一种备用路径的检测方法及装置。The embodiment of the present application provides a method and an apparatus for detecting an alternate path.
本申请实施例提供的备用路径的检测方法，包括：The method for detecting an alternate path provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径；Calculating and generating an alternate path according to network topology information and service information;
计算所述备用路径的转发信息；Calculating forwarding information of the alternate path;
根据所述转发信息，在所述备用路径的源节点***检测报文，所述检测报文沿所述备用路径进行转发，其中，如果所述检测报文遇到途径关联保护域，则由域内决策节点确定所述检测报文的转发路径； And detecting, according to the forwarding information, a detection packet, where the detection packet is forwarded along the standby path, where the detection packet is in the domain, if the detection packet encounters the path association protection domain, Determining, by the decision node, a forwarding path of the detection packet;
当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果。When the detection message reaches the end node, the detection result is calculated.
在示例性实施方式中，所述根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径，可以包括：根据如下信息，按照业务的流向计算生成N条端到端的备用路径，N≥1：In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating and generating the alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information may include: generating, according to the following information, N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service, where N≥1:
源节点和目的节点信息；Source node and destination node information;
途径关联保护域信息；Route associated protection domain information;
所述关联保护域内决策节点信息；Determining node information in the associated protection domain;
所述关联保护域内决策节点的备选路径信息。The associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
在示例性实施方式中，上述方法还可以包括：通过路由策略或静态指定方式，从所述N条备用路径中选择出M条备用路径，作为待检测的备用路径，N≥M≥1；其中，所述路由策略包括以下至少之一：经过的备选路径为备用状态的优先选择、路径最小跳数优先选择、路径最小权重优先选择和用户自定义路由策略。In an exemplary embodiment, the method may further include: selecting, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, M spare paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, where N≥M≥1; The routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path passed is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
在示例性实施方式中，所述计算所述备用路径的转发信息，可以包括：对于所述M条待检测的每个备用路径，确定所述备用路径中每个关联保护域的转发信息，其中，所述转发信息包括：In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating the forwarding information of the alternate path may include: determining, for each of the M candidate paths to be detected, forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the alternate path, where The forwarding information includes:
备用路径的检测报文；Detection packet of the alternate path;
所述检测报文的关键特征信息；The key feature information of the detection message;
备用路径的决策节点信息；Decision node information of the alternate path;
指定备选路径信息。Specify alternate path information.
在示例性实施方式中，所述检测报文可以具有如下特征：In an exemplary embodiment, the detection message may have the following characteristics:
所述备用路径的检测报文能够在目标网络中正常转发；The detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
所述备用路径的检测报文区别于正常的业务报文或主用路径的检测报文。The detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
在示例性实施方式中，所述当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果，可以包括：如果检测为单向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，根据所述目的节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。In an exemplary embodiment, when the detection message reaches the end node, calculating the detection result may include: if the detection is one-way detection, when the detection message reaches the destination node, according to the purpose The detection packet received by the node calculates the detection result of the alternate path.
在示例性实施方式中，所述当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测 结果，可以包括：如果检测为双向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，调换源节点和目的节点，按照重新确定的备用路径继续转发检测报文；当所述检测报文达到源节点时，根据所述源节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。In an exemplary embodiment, when the detection message reaches an end node, the calculation detects The result may include: if the detection is bidirectional, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the source node and the destination node are exchanged, and the detection packet is continued to be forwarded according to the re-determined alternate path; when the detection packet reaches the source The node calculates a detection result of the alternate path according to the detection packet received by the source node.
本申请实施例提供的备用路径的检测装置，包括：The apparatus for detecting an alternate path provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
第一计算单元，配置为根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径；The first calculating unit is configured to calculate and generate an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information;
第二计算单元，配置为计算所述备用路径的转发信息；a second calculating unit, configured to calculate forwarding information of the alternate path;
***单元，配置为根据所述转发信息，在所述备用路径的源节点***检测报文，所述检测报文沿所述备用路径进行转发，其中，如果所述检测报文遇到途径关联保护域，则由域内决策节点确定所述检测报文的转发路径；The insertion unit is configured to insert a detection packet in the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, and the detection packet is forwarded along the standby path, where the detection packet encounters path association protection The domain, the intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet;
第三计算单元，配置为当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果。The third calculating unit is configured to calculate the detection result when the detection message reaches the end node.
在示例性实施方式中，所述第一计算单元，可以配置为根据如下信息，按照业务的流向计算生成N条端到端的备用路径，N≥1：In an exemplary embodiment, the first calculating unit may be configured to generate N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service according to the following information, where N≥1:
源节点和目的节点信息；Source node and destination node information;
途径关联保护域信息；Route associated protection domain information;
所述关联保护域内决策节点信息；Determining node information in the associated protection domain;
所述关联保护域内决策节点的备选路径信息。The associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
在示例性实施方式中，上述装置还可以包括：选择单元，配置为通过路由策略或静态指定方式，从所述N条备用路径中选择出M条备用路径，作为待检测的备用路径，N≥M≥1；其中，所述路由策略包括以下至少之一：经过的备选路径为备用状态的优先选择、路径最小跳数优先选择、路径最小权重优先选择和用户自定义路由策略。In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus may further include: a selecting unit configured to select, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, M spare paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, N≥ M≥1; wherein the routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path passed is a priority of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
在示例性实施方式中，所述第二计算单元，可以配置为对于所述M条待检测的每个备用路径，确定所述备用路径中每个关联保护域的转发信息，其中，所述转发信息包括：In an exemplary embodiment, the second calculating unit may be configured to determine, for each of the M pieces of the standby path to be detected, forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the standby path, where the forwarding Information includes:
备用路径的检测报文； Detection packet of the alternate path;
所述检测报文的关键特征信息；The key feature information of the detection message;
备用路径的决策节点信息；Decision node information of the alternate path;
指定备用路径信息。Specify alternate path information.
在示例性实施方式中，所述检测报文可以具有如下特征：In an exemplary embodiment, the detection message may have the following characteristics:
所述备用路径的检测报文能够在目标网络中正常转发；The detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
所述备用路径的检测报文区别于正常的业务报文或主用路径的检测报文。The detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
在示例性实施方式中，所述第三计算单元，可以配置为如果检测为单向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，根据所述目的节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。In an exemplary embodiment, the third calculating unit may be configured to calculate, according to the detection message received by the destination node, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, if the detection is unidirectional detection, The detection result of the alternate path.
在示例性实施方式中，所述第三计算单元，可以配置为如果检测为双向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，调换源节点和目的节点，按照重新确定的备用路径继续转发检测报文；当所述检测报文达到源节点时，根据所述源节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。In an exemplary embodiment, the third calculating unit may be configured to, if the detection is bidirectional, when the detection message reaches the destination node, exchange the source node and the destination node, and continue forwarding according to the re-determined alternate path. The detection packet is sent; when the detection packet reaches the source node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读介质，存储有备用路径的检测程序，所述检测程序被处理器执行时实现上述备用路径的检测方法的步骤。In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable medium storing a detection program of an alternate path, where the detection program is implemented by the processor to implement the step of detecting the alternate path.
本申请实施例中，根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径；计算所述备用路径的转发信息；根据所述转发信息，在所述备用路径的源节点***检测报文，所述检测报文沿所述备用路径进行转发，其中，如果所述检测报文遇到途径关联保护域，则由域内决策节点确定所述检测报文的转发路径；当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果。可见，本申请实施例只在某些决策节点进行转发路径的决策，不仅仅适合主备场景，也适合负荷分担的场景，方案实现更为可靠和简单。In the embodiment of the present application, the generating an alternate path is calculated according to the network topology information and the service information; calculating the forwarding information of the standby path; and inserting the detection packet at the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, where the detecting The packet is forwarded along the alternate path. If the detection packet encounters the path association protection domain, the intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet; when the detection packet reaches the destination node, , calculate the test results. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application only performs the decision of the forwarding path in some decision nodes, and is not only suitable for the active/standby scenario, but also suitable for the scenario of load sharing, and the solution is more reliable and simple.
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。Other aspects will be apparent upon reading and understanding the drawings and detailed description.
附图概述BRIEF abstract
图1为备用路径的模型示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a model of an alternate path;
图2为本申请实施例的备用路径的检测方法的流程示意图一； 2 is a schematic flowchart 1 of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例的备用路径的检测方法的流程示意图二；3 is a second schematic flowchart of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请实施例的单域L2 VPN场景示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a single-domain L2 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请实施例的多域L2 VPN+L2 VPN场景示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L2 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施例的多域L2 VPN+L3 VPN场景示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;
图7为本申请实施例的多域L2 VPN+L3 VPN+L3 VPN场景示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN+L3 VPN scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;
图8为本申请实施例的备用路径的检测装置的结构组成示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application.
详述Detailed
为了能够更加详尽地了解本申请实施例的特点与技术内容，下面结合附图对本申请实施例的实现进行详细阐述，所附附图仅供参考说明之用，并非用来限定本申请实施例。The embodiments of the present application are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
在分层分域业务场景，备用路径检测的关键在于对多层多域保护路径的覆盖遍历检测，由于备用路径上没有业务流量，无法随业务流进行检测，因此，备用路径的检测可以采用主动检测方式。In a layered and decentralized service scenario, the key to the detection of the alternate path is the coverage traversal detection of the multi-layer multi-domain protection path. Since there is no service traffic on the alternate path, the service flow cannot be detected. Therefore, the detection of the alternate path can be active. Detection method.
可以通过主动配置备用路径的相关信息，并定制主动检测报文，在待检测的备用路径的源节点上***该主动检测报文，通过该主动检测报文的检测结果来判定备用路径的质量状况。由此，本申请提供了一种备用路径的检测方法，使用该方法可以对备用路径进行检测来确定备用路径的质量状况。The active detection packet can be configured by actively configuring the information about the alternate path, and the active detection packet is customized, and the active detection packet is inserted on the source node of the standby path to be detected, and the quality of the backup path is determined by the detection result of the active detection packet. . Therefore, the present application provides a method for detecting an alternate path, by which an alternate path can be detected to determine the quality status of the alternate path.
下面首先对本申请实施例相关的术语和概念进行描述，参照图1：The following first describes the terms and concepts related to the embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 1:
1)关联保护域：域内采用的保护方式、可用保护名称及保护类型表达，例如PW保护、VPN FRR保护、ECMP保护、LAG(Link Aggregation Group，链路聚合组)保护、MSP(Multiplex Section Protection，复用段保护)保护等。1) Associated protection domain: The protection mode, the available protection name, and the protection type of the domain. For example, PW protection, VPN FRR protection, ECMP protection, LAG (Link Aggregation Group) protection, MSP (Multiplex Section Protection, Multiplex section protection) protection, etc.
2)决策节点：域内具有保护倒换决策功能的节点，可以节点内保护倒换实例表达。2) Decision node: A node with protection switching decision function in the domain, which can be expressed by the protection switching instance in the node.
3)备选路径：指下一跳的路径，例如主用路径或备用路径；如果ECMP场景，存在多路径，存在哪些下一跳路径。 3) Alternate path: refers to the path of the next hop, such as the primary path or the alternate path; if there are multiple paths in the ECMP scenario, which next hop paths exist.
4)备用路径描述：上述1)、2)、3)按照一定顺序组合，形成一个端到端的备用路径描述。4) Alternate path description: The above 1), 2), and 3) are combined in a certain order to form an end-to-end alternate path description.
5)检测方向：正向(forward direction)，指业务的流向为源节点到目的节点。反向(reverse direction)，指业务流向为目的节点到源节点。5) Detection direction: Forward direction, which refers to the flow direction of the service from the source node to the destination node. Reverse direction refers to the flow of traffic from the destination node to the source node.
6)检测方式：单向(one-way)指检测的源节点和目的节点不在同一个节点，双向(two-way)指检测源节点和目的节点在同一个节点。6) Detection mode: One-way means that the detected source node and destination node are not in the same node. Two-way means that the detection source node and the destination node are in the same node.
检测方式为单向的时候，正向和反向检测流程完全相同。检测方式为双向的时候，分别进行单向的正向和单向的反向检测即可。When the detection mode is one-way, the forward and reverse detection processes are identical. When the detection mode is two-way, one-way forward and one-way reverse detection may be performed separately.
图2为本申请实施例的备用路径的检测方法的流程示意图一，如图2所示，所述备用路径的检测方法包括以下步骤：FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart 1 of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, the method for detecting an alternate path includes the following steps:
步骤201：根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径。Step 201: Calculate and generate an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information.
参照图1，管理平面或控制平面根据待分析的网络拓扑信息和待分析的业务信息，静态或动态地计算生成备用路径。Referring to FIG. 1, the management plane or the control plane calculates the generated alternate path statically or dynamically according to the network topology information to be analyzed and the service information to be analyzed.
其中，所述根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径，可以包括：根据如下信息，按照业务的流向计算生成N条端到端的备用路径，N≥1：The calculating and generating the alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information may include: generating, according to the following information, N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service, where N≥1:
源节点和目的节点信息；这里，源节点和目的节点信息与端到端业务关联，源节点和目的节点信息可以是三层接口IP(Internet Protocol，网络协议)地址或借用地址；Source node and destination node information; where the source node and the destination node information are associated with the end-to-end service, and the source node and the destination node information may be a Layer 3 interface IP (Internet Protocol) address or a borrowed address;
途径关联保护域信息；Route associated protection domain information;
所述关联保护域内决策节点信息；Determining node information in the associated protection domain;
所述关联保护域内决策节点的备选路径信息。The associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
本实施例中，所述方法还可以包括：通过路由策略或静态指定方式，从所述N条备用路径中选择出M条备用路径，作为待检测的备用路径，N≥M≥1；其中，所述路由策略包括以下至少之一：经过的备选路径为备用状态的优先选择、路径最小跳数优先选择、路径最小权重优先选择和用户自定义路由策略。In this embodiment, the method may further include: selecting, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, the M alternate paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, where N≥M≥1; The routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path passed is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
步骤202：计算所述备用路径的转发信息。 Step 202: Calculate forwarding information of the alternate path.
所述计算所述备用路径的转发信息，可以包括：对于所述M条待检测的每个备用路径，确定所述备用路径中每个关联保护域的转发信息，其中，所述转发信息包括：The calculating the forwarding information of the standby path may include: determining, for each of the M to be detected, the forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the standby path, where the forwarding information includes:
备用路径的检测报文；所述检测报文的关键特征信息；备用路径的决策节点信息；指定备选路径信息。The detection message of the alternate path; the key feature information of the detection message; the decision node information of the alternate path; and the candidate path information.
上述方案中，所述检测报文可以具有如下特征：In the above solution, the detection message may have the following characteristics:
所述备用路径的检测报文能够在目标网络中正常转发；例如IP层的OAM报文：TWAMP、ICMP-PING；The detection packet of the alternate path can be forwarded normally in the target network; for example, an OAM packet of the IP layer: TWAMP, ICMP-PING;
所述备用路径的检测报文区别于正常的业务报文或主用路径的检测报文，以便于在转发节点能检测区分是否为备用路径的检测报文；例如TWAMP协议的特定端口号作为备选路径识别此检测报文的关键信息。The detection packet of the alternate path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path, so that the forwarding node can detect whether the detection packet is an alternate path; for example, the specific port number of the TWAMP protocol is used as the preparation packet. The selection path identifies the key information of this detection message.
本实施例中，通过管理平面或控制平面将转发信息下发到传送平面，来控制传送平面对备用路径的检测报文的转发行为。In this embodiment, the forwarding information is sent to the transmission plane through the management plane or the control plane, so as to control the forwarding behavior of the detection packet of the alternate path by the transmission plane.
步骤203：根据所述转发信息，在所述备用路径的源节点***检测报文，所述检测报文沿所述备用路径进行转发，其中，如果所述检测报文遇到途径关联保护域，则由域内决策节点确定所述检测报文的转发路径。Step 203: Insert a detection packet in the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, and the detection packet is forwarded along the alternate path, where if the detection packet encounters a path association protection domain, Then, the intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet.
本实施例中，管理平面或控制平面向传送平面下发开始检测操作，传送平面在源节点***指定的备用路径的检测报文。检测报文在传送平面沿指定的备用路径转发，遇到途径关联保护域时，则由预先配置的规则在域内选择决策节点，由决策节点确定检测报文的转发路径，否则按照正常转发流程转发检测报文。In this embodiment, the management plane or the control plane sends a detection start operation to the transmission plane, and the transmission plane inserts the detection message of the designated alternate path at the source node. The detection packet is forwarded along the specified alternate path in the transmission plane. When the path association protection domain is encountered, the decision node is selected in the domain by the pre-configured rule. The decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet. Otherwise, the packet is forwarded according to the normal forwarding process. Detect the message.
步骤204：当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果。Step 204: When the detection message reaches the end node, the detection result is calculated.
本实施例中，所述当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果，包括两种情况：In this embodiment, when the detection packet reaches the end node, the detection result is calculated, including two cases:
1)如果检测为单向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，根据所述目的节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。1) If the detection is a one-way detection, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the destination node.
2)如果检测为双向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，调换源节点和目的节点，按照重新确定的备用路径继续转发检测报文；当所述检测报 文达到源节点时，根据所述源节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。2) If the detection is two-way detection, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the source node and the destination node are exchanged, and the detection packet is continued to be forwarded according to the re-determined alternate path; When the file reaches the source node, the detection result of the standby path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
最后，传送平面上报并通知管理平面或控制平面检测结果，至此检测结束。Finally, the transport plane reports and notifies the management plane or control plane of the test result, and the test ends.
图3为本申请实施例的备用路径的检测方法的流程示意图二，如图3所示，所述备用路径的检测方法包括以下步骤：FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart 2 of a method for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, the method for detecting an alternate path includes the following steps:
步骤301：管理平面或控制平面根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径。Step 301: The management plane or the control plane calculates and generates an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information.
步骤302：管理平面或控制平面计算备用路径的转发信息，并下发到传送平面。Step 302: The management plane or the control plane calculates the forwarding information of the alternate path and delivers the information to the transmission plane.
步骤303：传送平面在源节点***检测报文。Step 303: The transmission plane inserts a detection message at the source node.
步骤304：判断检测报文是否遇到途径关联保护域，是时，执行步骤305，否时，执行步骤306。Step 304: Determine whether the detection packet encounters the path association protection domain. If yes, go to step 305. Otherwise, go to step 306.
步骤305：域内决策节点根据转发信息确定检测报文的转发路径，执行步骤307。Step 305: The intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet according to the forwarding information, and performs step 307.
步骤306：正常转发检测报文。Step 306: Forward the detection packet normally.
步骤307：判断检测报文是否达到终点节点，是时，执行步骤308，否时，执行步骤304。Step 307: Determine whether the detection message reaches the end node. If yes, go to step 308. Otherwise, go to step 304.
步骤308：根据终点节点接收到的检测报文计算并上报检测结果。Step 308: Calculate and report the detection result according to the detection message received by the terminal node.
下面结合应用场景对本申请实施例的备用路径的检测方法做进一步详细描述。The method for detecting the alternate path in the embodiment of the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the application scenario.
图4为单域L2 VPN场景示意图，该场景是一个简单移动回传业务承载，LTE业务从城域PTN L2 VPN接入。LTE业务端到端经过的保护包括L2 VPN的PW线性保护(在节点PE1和PE2标识都为PG1)，主PW为PW1，备PW为PW2，CE1节点标识为节点环回地址1.1.1.1，CE2节点环回地址为2.2.2.2，源节点为CE1，目的节点为CE2。其备用路径的检测主要包括以下几个步骤： Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-domain L2 VPN scenario. The scenario is a simple mobile backhaul service bearer, and the LTE service is accessed from the metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN. The end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the PW linear protection of the L2 VPN (both PE1 and PE2 are PG1), the primary PW is PW1, the standby PW is PW2, and the CE1 node ID is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, CE2. The loopback address of the node is 2.2.2.2, the source node is CE1, and the destination node is CE2. The detection of its alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
步骤401：根据网络拓扑，目前网络的可能存在的备用路径组合如表2所示：Step 401: According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 2:
备用路径Alternate path 源/目的描述Source/destination description 保护域序号Protection domain number 保护域Protection domain 决策节点Decision node 备选路径Alternative path
正向1Positive 1 1.1.1.1/2.2.2.21.1.1.1/2.2.2.2 11 PE1-PW保护PE1-PW protection PE1-PG1PE1-PG1 备路径PW2Backup path PW2
反向2Reverse 2 2.2.2.2/1.1.1.12.2.2.2/1.1.1.1 11 PE2-PW保护PE2-PW protection PE2-PG1PE2-PG1 备路径PW2Backup path PW2
表2Table 2
CE1到CE2方向为正向，CE2到CE1方向为反向，都只有一个保护域和决策节点，因此备用路径选择就比较简单，则备用路径描述为条目正向1和反向2。The CE1 to CE2 direction is forward, and the CE2 to CE1 direction is reversed. There is only one protection domain and decision node. Therefore, the alternate path selection is relatively simple. The alternate path is described as the entry forward 1 and reverse 2.
步骤402：管理或控制平面计算选择备用检测协议，例如TWAMP协议，Step 402: Manage or control plane calculation to select an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol,
定义TWAMP的UDP(User Datagram Protocol，用户数据报协议)端口号为A作为备用路径特征信息(标识为UDPA)。计算正向1备用路径的备用转发信息：The UDP (User Datagram Protocol) port number of TWAMP is defined as A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the alternate forwarding information for the forward 1 alternate path:
PE1：【TWAMP，UDPA，PG1，PW2】。PE1: [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2].
步骤403：管理或控制平面下发转发信息到传送平面。Step 403: The management or control plane sends the forwarding information to the transmission plane.
步骤404：管理或控制平面启动检测，传送平面在CE1-PE1入口***携带上述信息的TWAMP备用检测报文。Step 404: The management or control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
步骤405：报文中PE1的是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文的转发路径为PW2，因此报文转发到PW2上面，在P2/PE2节点由于不是决策节点，因此按照正常流程转发，直到CE2。Step 405: In the packet, the PE1 is the decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node. CE2.
步骤406：转发到CE2，是终结节点，提取协议报文的信息，计算信号质量。Step 406: Forward to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
步骤407：向管理和控制平面上报检测结果。Step 407: Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
同理如果是双向检测，CE2至CE1方向检测步骤同上。Similarly, if it is two-way detection, the CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
图5为多域L2 VPN+L2 VPN场景示意图，该场景是一个简单移动回传业务大客户业务承载，LTE业务从城域PTN L2 VPN接入，然后到省干L2 VPN。LTE业务端到端经过的保护包括城域L2 VPN的PW线性保护(在每 个决策节点标识为PG1)，主PW为PW1，备PW为PW2，省干L2 VPN为PW线性保护，主为PW3，备为PW4，CE1节点标识为节点环回地址1.1.1.1，CE2节点环回地址为2.2.2.2。源节点为CE1，目的节点为CE2。其备用路径的检测主要包括以下几个步骤：Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L2 VPN scenario. The scenario is a simple mobile backhaul service for large customer service bearers. The LTE service is accessed from the metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN and then to the L2 VPN. The end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the PW linear protection of the metro L2 VPN (in each The decision node is identified as PG1), the primary PW is PW1, the standby PW is PW2, and the dry L2 VPN is PW linear protection, the primary is PW3, and is prepared as PW4, and the CE1 node identifier is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, and the CE2 node ring The return address is 2.2.2.2. The source node is CE1 and the destination node is CE2. The detection of its alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
步骤501：根据网络拓扑，目前网络的可能存在的备用路径组合如表3所示：Step 501: According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 3:
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000001
表3table 3
CE1到CE2正向方向都有两个保护域，因此备用路径选择组合就比较多，备用路径路由正向条目1和条目2和条目3，CE2到CE反向方向同样存在备用路径条目4、5、6。网管根据备用路径的策略来决策选择某个路径。例如选择策略为路径全部备用，则CE1到CE2方向备用路径描述为正向条目1。There are two protection domains in the forward direction of CE1 to CE2. Therefore, there are more alternative path selection combinations. The alternate path routes are forwarded to entry 1 and entry 2 and entry 3. The alternate path entries in the reverse direction of CE2 to CE are also available. 6, 6. The NMS decides to select a path based on the policy of the alternate path. For example, if the selection policy is that all paths are reserved, the alternate path from CE1 to CE2 is described as forward entry 1.
步骤502：管理或控制平面计算选择备用检测协议，例如TWAMP协议， 定义TWAMP的UDP端口号为A作为备用路径特征信息(标识为UDPA)。计算备用路径1的转发信息：Step 502: The management or control plane calculates an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol. Define the UDP port number of TWAMP as A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the forwarding information of alternate path 1:
PE1：【TWAMP，UDPA，PG1，PW2】PE1: [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2]
PE2：【TWAMP，UDPA，PG1，PW4】。PE2: [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW4].
步骤503：管理或控制平面下发上述转发信息到传送平面。Step 503: The management or control plane sends the foregoing forwarding information to the transmission plane.
步骤504：管理或控制平面启动检测，传送平面在CE1-PE1入口***携带上述信息的TWAMP备用检测报文。Step 504: The management or control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
步骤505：报文中PE1的是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文的转发路径为PW2，因此报文转发到PW2上面，在P2/PE2节点由于不是决策节点，因此按照正常流程转发，直到PE3是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文转发路径为PW4，因此报文转发到PW4上面，直到CE2。Step 505: The PE1 in the packet is a decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node. PE3 is the decision-making node to find the matching policy. The packet forwarding path is PW4. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to PW4 until CE2.
步骤506：转发到CE2，是终结节点，提取协议报文的信息，计算信号质量。Step 506: Forward to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
步骤507：向管理和控制平面上报检测结果。Step 507: Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
同理如果是双向检测，CE2到CE1方向检测步骤同上。Similarly, if it is two-way detection, the CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
图6为多域L2 VPN+L3 VPN场景示意图，该场景是一个简单移动回传业务大客户业务承载，LTE业务从城域PTN L2 VPN接入，然后到城域L3 VPN。LTE业务端到端经过的保护包括城域L2 VPN的PW线性保护(在每个决策节点标识为PG1)，主PW为PW1，备PW为PW2，城域L3 VPN为VPN FRR保护，主VPN FRR为VPN FRR1，备VPN FRR为VPN FRR2，CE1节点标识为节点环回地址1.1.1.1，CE2节点环回地址为2.2.2.2。源节点为CE1，目的节点为CE2。下面以选择正向为例，其备用路径的检测主要包括以下几个步骤：Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN scenario. The scenario is a simple mobile backhaul service for large customer service bearers. The LTE service is accessed from the metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN and then to the metropolitan area L3 VPN. The end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the PW linear protection of the metropolitan area L2 VPN (identified as PG1 in each decision node), the primary PW is PW1, the standby PW is PW2, and the metro L3 VPN is VPN FRR protection, and the primary VPN FRR For VPN FRR1, the standby VPN FRR is VPN FRR2, the CE1 node ID is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, and the CE2 node loopback address is 2.2.2.2. The source node is CE1 and the destination node is CE2. The following takes the selection of the forward direction as an example. The detection of the alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
步骤601：根据网络拓扑，目前网络的可能存在的备用路径组合如表4所示：Step 601: According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 4:
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000003
表4Table 4
CE1到CE2正向方向都有两个保护域，因此备用路径选择组合就比较多，备用路径路由为正向条目1和条目2和条目3。网管根据备用路径的策略来决策选择某个路径。例如选择策略为路径全部备用，则备用路径描述为正向条目1。There are two protection domains in the forward direction of CE1 to CE2, so there are more alternative path selection combinations. The alternate path routes are forward entry 1 and entry 2 and entry 3. The NMS decides to select a path based on the policy of the alternate path. For example, if the selection policy is that the path is all spare, the alternate path is described as forward entry 1.
步骤602：管理或控制平面计算选择备用检测协议，例如TWAMP协议，定义TWAMP的UDP端口号为A作为备用路径特征信息(标识为UDPA)。计算备用路径的转发信息：Step 602: The management or control plane calculates an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol, and defines that the UDP port number of the TWAMP is A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the forwarding information of the alternate path:
PE1：【TWAMP，UDPA，PG1，PW2】PE1: [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2]
PE2：【TWAMP，UDPA，VPNFRR，VPNFRR2】。PE2: [TWAMP, UDPA, VPNFRR, VPNFRR2].
步骤603：管理和控制平面下发转发信息到传送平面。Step 603: The management and control plane delivers the forwarding information to the transmission plane.
步骤604：管理和控制平面启动检测，传送平面在CE1-PE1入口***携带上述信息的TWAMP备用检测报文。Step 604: The management and control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
步骤605：报文中PE1的是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文的转发路径为PW2，因此报文转发到PW2上面，在P2/PE2节点由于不是决策节点，因此按照正常流程转发，直到PE5是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文转发路径为VPNFRR2，因此报文转发到VPNFRR2上面，直到CE2。 Step 605: The PE1 of the packet is a decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node. PE5 is the decision node to find the matching policy. The packet forwarding path is VPNFRR2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to VPNFRR2 until CE2.
步骤606：转发到CE2，是终结节点，提取协议报文的信息，计算信号质量。Step 606: Forwarding to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
步骤607：向管理和控制平面上报检测结果。Step 607: Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
同理如果是双向检测，CE2到CE1方向检测步骤同上。Similarly, if it is two-way detection, the CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
图7为多域L2 VPN+L3 VPN+L3 VPN场景示意图，该场景针对于更加复杂的移动回传业务承载，例如LTE业务从城域PTN L2 VPN接入(在每个决策节点标识为PG1)，主PW为PW1，备PW为PW2；经过城域L3 VPN调度，穿越省干L3 VPN到达CE2，CE2可以为无线网关SGW(Serving GateWay，服务网关)或者MME(Mobility Management Entity，移动管理功能实体)设备，此时承载LTE业务的端到端PTN网络为L2 VPN(城域接入)+L3 VPN(城域汇聚)+L3 VPN(省干汇聚)。LTE业务端到端经过的保护包括L2 VPN的PW双归+DNI PW+城域VPN FRR+省干VPN FRR，CE1节点标识为节点环回地址1.1.1.1，CE2节点环回地址为2.2.2.2；源节点为CE1，目的节点为CE2。其备用路径的检测主要包括以下几个步骤：7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-domain L2 VPN+L3 VPN+L3 VPN scenario, which is directed to a more complex mobile backhaul service bearer, for example, LTE service access from a metropolitan area PTN L2 VPN (identified as PG1 at each decision node) The primary PW is PW1, and the standby PW is PW2. After the metropolitan L3 VPN scheduling, the provincial L3 VPN is passed to the CE2. The CE2 can be the wireless gateway SGW (Serving GateWay) or the MME (Mobility Management Entity). The device, at this time, the end-to-end PTN network carrying the LTE service is L2 VPN (Metropolitan Area Access) + L3 VPN (Metropolitan Area Aggregation) + L3 VPN (Provincial Dry Convergence). The end-to-end protection of the LTE service includes the LW VPN PW dual-homing + DNI PW + metro VPN FRR + provincial dry VPN FRR, the CE1 node identifier is the node loopback address 1.1.1.1, and the CE2 node loopback address is 2.2.2.2; The node is CE1 and the destination node is CE2. The detection of its alternate path mainly includes the following steps:
步骤701：根据网络拓扑，目前网络的可能存在的备用路径组合如表5所示：Step 701: According to the network topology, the possible alternate path combinations of the current network are as shown in Table 5:
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2017098479-appb-000005
表5 table 5
CE1到CE2方向都有三个保护域，因此备用路径选择组合就比较多，对于正向条目除了工作路径外，备用路径条目数为上述正向条目1至7。网管根据备用路径的策略来决策选择某个路径。例如选择策略为路径全部备用，则CE1到CE2方向备选路径为正向条目1。There are three protection domains in the CE1 to CE2 direction, so there are more combinations of alternate path selection. For the forward entries except the working path, the number of alternate path entries is the above positive entries 1 to 7. The NMS decides to select a path based on the policy of the alternate path. For example, if the selection policy is that all paths are reserved, the candidate path in the direction of CE1 to CE2 is forward entry 1.
步骤702：管理和控制平面选择备用检测协议，例如TWAMP协议，定义TWAMP的UDP端口号为A作为备用路径特征信息(标识为UDPA)。计算备用路径1的转发信息：Step 702: The management and control plane selects an alternate detection protocol, such as the TWAMP protocol, and defines that the UDP port number of the TWAMP is A as the alternate path feature information (identified as UDPA). Calculate the forwarding information of alternate path 1:
PE1：【TWAMP，UDPA，PG1，PW2】PE1: [TWAMP, UDPA, PG1, PW2]
PE5：【TWAMP，UDPA，VPNFRR，VPNFRR2】PE5: [TWAMP, UDPA, VPNFRR, VPNFRR2]
PE8：【TWAMP，UDPA，VPNFRR，VPNFRR4】。PE8: [TWAMP, UDPA, VPNFRR, VPNFRR4].
步骤703：管理或控制平面下发转发信息到传送平面。Step 703: The management or control plane sends the forwarding information to the transmission plane.
步骤704：管理或控制平面启动检测，传送平面在CE1-PE1入口***携带上述信息的TWAMP备用检测报文。Step 704: The management or control plane initiates detection, and the transport plane inserts a TWAMP backup detection message carrying the above information at the CE1-PE1 entry.
步骤705：报文中PE1的是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文的转发路径为PW2，因此报文转发到PW2上面，在P2/PE2节点由于不是决策节点，因此按照正常流程转发，直到PE5是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文转发路径为VPNFRR2；报文继续转发到PE8，PE8是决策节点，去查找匹配策略，报文转发路径为VPNFRR4因此报文转发到VPNFRR4上面，直到CE2。Step 705: The PE1 of the packet is a decision node, and the matching policy is searched for, and the forwarding path of the packet is PW2. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to the PW2, and the P2/PE2 node is forwarded according to the normal process because it is not a decision node. PE5 is the decision-making node to find the matching policy. The packet forwarding path is VPNFRR2. The packet is forwarded to PE8. The PE8 is the decision-making node to find the matching policy. The packet forwarding path is VPNFRR4. Therefore, the packet is forwarded to VPNFRR4 until CE2. .
步骤706：转发到CE2，是终结节点，提取协议报文的信息，计算信号质量。Step 706: Forward to CE2, which is a terminating node, extracts information of protocol packets, and calculates signal quality.
同理如果是双向检测，CE2到CE1方向检测步骤同上。Similarly, if it is two-way detection, the CE2 to CE1 direction detection steps are the same as above.
步骤707：向管理和控制平面上报检测结果。Step 707: Report the detection result to the management and control plane.
图8为本申请实施例的备用路径的检测装置的结构组成示意图，如图8所示，所述装置包括：FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting an alternate path according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the device includes:
第一计算单元81，配置为根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径；The first calculating unit 81 is configured to calculate and generate an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information;
第二计算单元82，配置为计算所述备用路径的转发信息； a second calculating unit 82, configured to calculate forwarding information of the standby path;
***单元83，配置为根据所述转发信息，在所述备用路径的源节点***检测报文，所述检测报文沿所述备用路径进行转发，其中，如果所述检测报文遇到途径关联保护域，则由域内决策节点确定所述检测报文的转发路径；The insertion unit 83 is configured to insert a detection packet in the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, and the detection packet is forwarded along the standby path, where the detection packet encounters a path association The protection domain determines the forwarding path of the detection packet by the intra-domain decision node;
第三计算单元84，配置为当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果。The third calculating unit 84 is configured to calculate a detection result when the detection message reaches the end node.
本实施例中，所述第一计算单元81，可以配置为根据如下信息，按照业务的流向计算生成N条端到端的备用路径，N≥1：In this embodiment, the first calculating unit 81 may be configured to generate N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service according to the following information, where N≥1:
源节点和目的节点信息；Source node and destination node information;
途径关联保护域信息；Route associated protection domain information;
所述关联保护域内决策节点信息；Determining node information in the associated protection domain;
所述关联保护域内决策节点的备选路径信息。The associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
本实施例中，所述装置还可以包括：In this embodiment, the device may further include:
选择单元85，配置为通过路由策略或静态指定方式，从所述N条备用路径中选择出M条备用路径，作为待检测的备用路径，N≥M≥1；The selecting unit 85 is configured to select, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, M spare paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, where N≥M≥1;
其中，所述路由策略包括以下至少之一：经过的备选路径为备用状态的优先选择、路径最小跳数优先选择、路径最小权重优先选择和用户自定义路由策略。The routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path that passes is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
本实施例中，所述第二计算单元82，还可以配置为对于所述M条待检测的每个备用路径，确定所述备用路径中每个关联保护域的转发信息，其中，所述转发信息包括：In this embodiment, the second calculating unit 82 may be further configured to: determine, for each of the M candidate paths to be detected, forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the standby path, where the forwarding Information includes:
备用路径的检测报文；Detection packet of the alternate path;
所述检测报文的关键特征信息；The key feature information of the detection message;
备用路径的决策节点信息；Decision node information of the alternate path;
指定备用路径信息。Specify alternate path information.
本实施例中，所述检测报文可以具有如下特征：In this embodiment, the detection packet may have the following features:
所述备用路径的检测报文能够在目标网络中正常转发；The detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
所述备用路径的检测报文区别于正常的业务报文或主用路径的检测报文。 The detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
本实施例中，所述第三计算单元84，还可以配置为如果检测为单向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，根据所述目的节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。In this embodiment, the third calculating unit 84 may be further configured to: if the detection is unidirectional detection, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, calculate the location according to the detection packet received by the destination node. The detection result of the alternate path.
本实施例中，所述第三计算单元84，还可以配置为如果检测为双向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，调换源节点和目的节点，按照重新确定的备用路径继续转发检测报文；当所述检测报文达到源节点时，根据所述源节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。In this embodiment, the third calculating unit 84 may be further configured to: if the detection is bidirectional, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the source node and the destination node are exchanged, and the forwarding is continued according to the re-determined alternate path. The detection packet is sent; when the detection packet reaches the source node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
本领域技术人员应当理解，图8所示的备用路径的检测装置中的每个单元的实现功能可参照前述备用路径的检测方法的相关描述而理解。图8所示的备用路径的检测装置中的每个单元的功能可通过运行于处理器上的程序而实现，也可通过逻辑电路而实现。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the implementation function of each unit in the detecting means of the alternate path shown in FIG. 8 can be understood by referring to the related description of the detecting method of the foregoing alternate path. The function of each unit in the detecting means of the alternate path shown in FIG. 8 can be realized by a program running on the processor, or can be realized by a logic circuit.
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读介质，存储有备用路径的检测程序，所述检测程序被处理器执行时实现上述备用路径的检测方法的步骤。In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable medium storing a detection program of an alternate path, where the detection program is implemented by the processor to implement the step of detecting the alternate path.
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请实施例可提供为方法、***、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用硬件实施例、软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the application can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(***)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和方框图中至少一项来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和方框图中至少一项的每一流程和方框中至少一项、以及流程图和方框图中至少一项的流程和方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现以下至少之一的装置：在流程图一个流程或多个流程、方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。The present application is described with reference to at least one of the flowcharts and block diagrams of the method, apparatus (system), and computer program product according to embodiments of the present application. It will be understood that at least one of each of the processes and blocks of at least one of the flowcharts and the block diagrams, and combinations of the flow and blocks of at least one of the flowcharts and block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine for the execution of instructions for execution by a processor of a computer or other programmable data processing device. A device that implements at least one of the following: a function specified in a flow or a flow of a flowchart, a block or a plurality of blocks in a block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现以下至少之一：在流 程图一个流程或多个流程、方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。The computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device. The device implements at least one of the following: The function specified in a process or multiple processes, block diagrams, or multiple blocks.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现以下至少之一：在流程图一个流程或多个流程、方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device. The instructions provide steps for implementing at least one of the functions specified in a flow or a flow of a flowchart, a block or a plurality of blocks in a block diagram.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、***、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些组件或所有组件可以被实施为由处理器，如数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and functional blocks/units of the methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be composed of several physical The components work together. Some or all of the components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and nonvolatile, implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Sex, removable and non-removable media. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridge, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or may Any other medium used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by the computer. Moreover, it is well known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically includes computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and can include any information delivery media. .
以上所述，仅为本申请的示例性实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
工业实用性Industrial applicability
本申请实施例提供一种备用路径的检测方法及装置，只在某些决策节点进行转发路径的决策，不仅仅适合主备场景，也适合负荷分担的场景，方案实现更为可靠和简单。 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method and a device for detecting an alternate path. The decision of the forwarding path is performed only in some decision nodes, and is not only suitable for the active/standby scenario, but also for the scenario of load sharing, and the solution is more reliable and simple.

Claims (15)

  1. 一种备用路径的检测方法，包括：A method for detecting an alternate path, including:
    根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径；Calculating and generating an alternate path according to network topology information and service information;
    计算所述备用路径的转发信息；Calculating forwarding information of the alternate path;
    根据所述转发信息，在所述备用路径的源节点***检测报文，所述检测报文沿所述备用路径进行转发，其中，如果所述检测报文遇到途径关联保护域，则由域内决策节点确定所述检测报文的转发路径；And detecting, according to the forwarding information, a detection packet, where the detection packet is forwarded along the standby path, where the detection packet is in the domain, if the detection packet encounters the path association protection domain, Determining, by the decision node, a forwarding path of the detection packet;
    当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果。When the detection message reaches the end node, the detection result is calculated.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的备用路径的检测方法，其中，所述根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径，包括：The method for detecting an alternate path according to claim 1, wherein the calculating and generating the alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information includes:
    根据如下信息，按照业务的流向计算生成N条端到端的备用路径，N≥1：According to the following information, N end-to-end alternate paths are generated according to the flow direction of the service, N≥1:
    源节点和目的节点信息；Source node and destination node information;
    途径关联保护域信息；Route associated protection domain information;
    所述关联保护域内决策节点信息；Determining node information in the associated protection domain;
    所述关联保护域内决策节点的备选路径信息。The associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的备用路径的检测方法，所述方法还包括：The method for detecting an alternate path according to claim 2, the method further comprising:
    通过路由策略或静态指定方式，从所述N条备用路径中选择出M条备用路径，作为待检测的备用路径，N≥M≥1；Selecting M alternate paths from the N alternate paths as the alternate path to be detected by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, where N≥M≥1;
    其中，所述路由策略包括以下至少之一：经过的备选路径为备用状态的优先选择、路径最小跳数优先选择、路径最小权重优先选择和用户自定义路由策略。The routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path that passes is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的备用路径的检测方法，其中，所述计算所述备用路径的转发信息，包括：The method for detecting an alternate path according to claim 3, wherein the calculating the forwarding information of the alternate path comprises:
    对于所述M条待检测的每个备用路径，确定所述备用路径中每个关联保护域的转发信息，所述转发信息包括：Determining forwarding information of each associated protection domain in the standby path, where the forwarding information includes:
    备用路径的检测报文； Detection packet of the alternate path;
    所述检测报文的关键特征信息；The key feature information of the detection message;
    备用路径的决策节点信息；Decision node information of the alternate path;
    指定备选路径信息。Specify alternate path information.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的备用路径的检测方法，其中，所述检测报文具有如下特征：The method for detecting an alternate path according to claim 4, wherein the detection message has the following characteristics:
    所述备用路径的检测报文能够在目标网络中正常转发；The detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
    所述备用路径的检测报文区别于正常的业务报文或主用路径的检测报文。The detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的备用路径的检测方法，其中，所述当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果，包括：The method for detecting an alternate path according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the detection message reaches the end node, the detection result is calculated, including:
    如果检测为单向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，根据所述目的节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。If the detection is a one-way detection, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the destination node.
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的备用路径的检测方法，其中，所述当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果，包括：The method for detecting an alternate path according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the detection message reaches the end node, the detection result is calculated, including:
    如果检测为双向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，调换源节点和目的节点，按照重新确定的备用路径继续转发检测报文；If the detection is two-way detection, when the detection packet reaches the destination node, the source node and the destination node are exchanged, and the detection packet is continued to be forwarded according to the re-determined alternate path;
    当所述检测报文达到源节点时，根据所述源节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。When the detection packet reaches the source node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
  8. 一种备用路径的检测装置，包括：An apparatus for detecting an alternate path, comprising:
    第一计算单元，配置为根据网络拓扑信息和业务信息，计算生成备用路径；The first calculating unit is configured to calculate and generate an alternate path according to the network topology information and the service information;
    第二计算单元，配置为计算所述备用路径的转发信息；a second calculating unit, configured to calculate forwarding information of the alternate path;
    ***单元，配置为根据所述转发信息，在所述备用路径的源节点***检测报文，所述检测报文沿所述备用路径进行转发，其中，如果所述检测报文遇到途径关联保护域，则由域内决策节点确定所述检测报文的转发路径；The insertion unit is configured to insert a detection packet in the source node of the standby path according to the forwarding information, and the detection packet is forwarded along the standby path, where the detection packet encounters path association protection The domain, the intra-domain decision node determines the forwarding path of the detection packet;
    第三计算单元，配置为当所述检测报文达到终点节点时，计算检测结果。The third calculating unit is configured to calculate the detection result when the detection message reaches the end node.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的备用路径的检测装置，其中，所述第一计算 单元，配置为根据如下信息，按照业务的流向计算生成N条端到端的备用路径，N≥1：The apparatus for detecting an alternate path according to claim 8, wherein said first calculation The unit is configured to generate N end-to-end alternate paths according to the flow direction of the service according to the following information, N≥1:
    源节点和目的节点信息；Source node and destination node information;
    途径关联保护域信息；Route associated protection domain information;
    所述关联保护域内决策节点信息；Determining node information in the associated protection domain;
    所述关联保护域内决策节点的备选路径信息。The associated path information of the decision node in the associated protection domain.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的备用路径的检测装置，所述装置还包括：The apparatus for detecting an alternate path according to claim 9, further comprising:
    选择单元，配置为通过路由策略或静态指定方式，从所述N条备用路径中选择出M条备用路径，作为待检测的备用路径，N≥M≥1；The selecting unit is configured to select, by using a routing policy or a static designation manner, M spare paths from the N alternate paths as the standby path to be detected, where N≥M≥1;
    其中，所述路由策略包括以下至少之一：经过的备选路径为备用状态的优先选择、路径最小跳数优先选择、路径最小权重优先选择和用户自定义路由策略。The routing policy includes at least one of the following: the alternate path that passes is a preference of the standby state, the minimum hop priority of the path, the minimum weight priority of the path, and the user-defined routing policy.
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的备用路径的检测装置，其中，所述第二计算单元，配置为对于所述M条待检测的每个备用路径，确定所述备用路径中每个关联保护域的转发信息，其中，所述转发信息包括：The apparatus for detecting an alternate path according to claim 10, wherein the second calculating unit is configured to determine, for each of the M pieces of the standby path to be detected, forwarding of each associated protection domain in the alternate path Information, wherein the forwarding information includes:
    备用路径的检测报文；Detection packet of the alternate path;
    所述检测报文的关键特征信息；The key feature information of the detection message;
    备用路径的决策节点信息；Decision node information of the alternate path;
    指定备用路径信息。Specify alternate path information.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的备用路径的检测装置，其中，所述检测报文具有如下特征：The apparatus for detecting an alternate path according to claim 11, wherein the detection message has the following features:
    所述备用路径的检测报文能够在目标网络中正常转发；The detection packet of the standby path can be forwarded normally in the target network.
    所述备用路径的检测报文区别于正常的业务报文或主用路径的检测报文。The detection packet of the standby path is different from the normal service packet or the detection packet of the primary path.
  13. 根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的备用路径的检测装置，其中，所述第三计算单元，配置为如果检测为单向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，根据所述目的节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测 结果。The apparatus for detecting an alternate path according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the third calculating unit is configured to, if the detection is unidirectional detection, when the detection message reaches the destination node, according to Detecting the received message and calculating the detection of the alternate path result.
  14. 根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的备用路径的检测装置，其中，所述第三计算单元，配置为如果检测为双向检测，则当所述检测报文达到目的节点时，调换源节点和目的节点，按照重新确定的备用路径继续转发检测报文；当所述检测报文达到源节点时，根据所述源节点接收到的检测报文，计算所述备用路径的检测结果。The apparatus for detecting an alternate path according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the third calculating unit is configured to switch the source when the detection message reaches the destination node if the detection is bidirectional detection The node and the destination node continue to forward the detection packet according to the re-determined alternate path. When the detection packet reaches the source node, the detection result of the alternate path is calculated according to the detection packet received by the source node.
  15. 一种计算机可读介质，存储有备用路径的检测程序，所述检测程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的备用路径的检测方法的步骤。 A computer readable medium storing a detection program of an alternate path, the detection program being executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method for detecting an alternate path according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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