WO2018068281A1 - 在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法及所用的基质 - Google Patents

在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法及所用的基质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018068281A1
WO2018068281A1 PCT/CN2016/102067 CN2016102067W WO2018068281A1 WO 2018068281 A1 WO2018068281 A1 WO 2018068281A1 CN 2016102067 W CN2016102067 W CN 2016102067W WO 2018068281 A1 WO2018068281 A1 WO 2018068281A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transparent
substrate
sealed container
container
plant
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PCT/CN2016/102067
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王端宵
Original Assignee
泉州市泉美生物科技有限公司
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Application filed by 泉州市泉美生物科技有限公司 filed Critical 泉州市泉美生物科技有限公司
Priority to ES16918991T priority Critical patent/ES2886678T3/es
Priority to AU2016426478A priority patent/AU2016426478A1/en
Priority to DK16918991.7T priority patent/DK3527067T3/da
Priority to EP16918991.7A priority patent/EP3527067B1/en
Priority to KR1020187016822A priority patent/KR20180084906A/ko
Priority to JP2018549381A priority patent/JP2018537129A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2016/102067 priority patent/WO2018068281A1/zh
Priority to RU2018121978A priority patent/RU2695449C1/ru
Priority to US16/060,033 priority patent/US10785920B2/en
Publication of WO2018068281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018068281A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/20—Forcing-frames; Lights, i.e. glass panels covering the forcing-frames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
    • A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cultivating plants and a substrate to be used, in particular, a method for cultivating plants in a transparent sealed container and a substrate to be used.
  • Potted plants create an outdoor natural scene for us in a small personal space, allowing us to be surrounded by nature in our intense life and work.
  • the substrate used for cultivating plants in a transparent sealed container is generally a transparent substrate, such as a transparent substrate which is formed by a transparent colloid such as carrageenan or agar and a transparent nutrient solution. Poor, can not be firmly adsorbed in the transparent sealed container, it is easy to damage the plants in the transparent sealed container due to the movement or scattering of the substrate during transportation, and the utility is poor, and it cannot be popularized and applied.
  • a variety of colloids are added to the transparent substrate or other viscous materials are mixed in the colloid, which results in poor transparency and uniformity of the transparent substrate, which affects the ornamental.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating plants in a transparent sealed container, by which the transparent substrate can be excellent in ensuring high transparency and uniformity. The tackiness is firmly adhered to the transparent sealed container.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a substrate for cultivating plants in a transparent sealed container which has good adhesion on the basis of ensuring high transparency and uniformity and can be firmly adhered to the transparent sealed container. .
  • the substrate for cultivating the plant in the transparent sealed container is mainly formed by mixing and coagulating the transparent nutrient solution and the gellan gum added to the nutrient solution, and the amount of the gellan gum added in the nutrient solution is 2- 10 g/L and the pH of the matrix is 3.5-10.0.
  • the nutrient solution comprises a mixture of transparent and impurity-free water, a medium, and a growth hormone and a sugar source required for plant growth, all of which ensure that the solution is transparent after dissolution.
  • the substrate has a thickness in the transparent sealed container of from 1 to 10 mm.
  • the method of cultivating plants in a transparent sealed container is achieved by the following steps:
  • S1 selecting a transparent container: selecting a transparent container having an opening, and the opening is provided with a sealing plug;
  • S21 adding a gellan gum to the substrate for cultivating the plant in a transparent nutrient solution, wherein the gellan gum is added in the nutrient solution in an amount of 2-10 g/L to obtain a transparent liquid matrix, and The pH of the substrate is adjusted to 3.5-10.0;
  • step S22 The liquid substrate obtained in step S21 is placed in a transparent container such that the thickness of the liquid substrate in the transparent container is 1-10 mm, and then the opening of the transparent container is sealed by a sealing plug;
  • step S23 the transparent container obtained in step S22 is sterilized at 122 ⁇ 2° C. under a pressure of 1.06 ⁇ 0.02 Kg/cm 2 for 15-40 minutes, and then the liquid matrix cooled to a normal temperature is solidified;
  • the sterilized transparent container obtained in the step S23 is at 20-25 ° C, RH 30-50%, 5 Bonding treatment at -20umol/m2/s, after 5-14 days, the matrix and the transparent container are bonded together and do not slide relative to each other, and the transparent container is placed upright in the normal use direction during the entire bonding process;
  • S3 Sterile plant cultivation: in a sterile environment, open the sealing plug, and inoculate the live sterile plant seedlings or sterile seeds in a sterile environment through the opening of the transparent container to the solidified substrate.
  • S4 Cultivation of sterile plants: a transparent sealed container of cultivated sterile sterile plantlets or sterile seeds, placed at a temperature of 20-37 ° C, humidity RH30-70%, light intensity 10-200umol/m 2 /s
  • the culture period is 2-6 weeks, the plant grows new leaves and the new roots grow, the plants are consistent with the matrix, and the whole transparent cultivation substrate grows well; it has strong ornamental.
  • Gellan Gum was first developed by Kelco in the United States in the 1980s as a microbial edible gum. It is made from Pseudomonaseloden under neutral conditions, using glucose as a carbon source, nitric acid. Ammonium is an extracellular polysaccharide colloid produced by aerobic fermentation in a medium woven from a nitrogen source and some inorganic salts. Gellan gum is generally used as a food additive to increase the mouthfeel of foods, and has also been found in cultivated plants, but it is used as a nutrient for plants in the application of cultivated plants.
  • the invention relates to a method for cultivating plants in a transparent sealed container and a substrate used, which uses gellan gum as a single transparent coagulant to ensure uniformity and transparency of the transparent substrate, and also utilizes good adhesion of gellan gum.
  • the substrate of the present invention can be firmly adhered to the transparent sealed container. After experimental testing, the substrate of the present invention does not slip and spread in a conventionally shaken state in a transparent sealed container, and can be kept completely inverted in a transparent sealed container to be kept from falling for 3-10 minutes.
  • the substrate for cultivating plants in the transparent sealed container is mainly formed by mixing and condensing a transparent nutrient solution and gellan gum added to the nutrient solution, and the amount of the gellan gum added in the nutrient solution is 2-10 g/L and the pH of the matrix is 3.5-10.0.
  • the nutrient solution comprises a mixture of transparent and impurity-free water, a medium, and a growth hormone and a sugar source required for plant growth, and may also add nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to the nutrients or fertilizers required by the plant. All substances are guaranteed to be transparent after dissolution.
  • the amount of gellan gum added is 8.0-10.0 g/L; if the EC value is higher than 3.0 mS/cm, The gelatin gum is added in an amount of 2.0 to 5.0 g/L, preferably 3.0 to 4.0 g/L.
  • the substrate has a thickness of from 1 to 10 mm in the transparent sealed container as required for planting.
  • the method of the present invention for growing plants in a transparent sealed container is achieved by the following steps:
  • a transparent container made of glass or plastic can be formed to form a seal.
  • the transparent container can be autoclaved or not deformed after physical or chemical sterilization, and has a shape of maintaining a return. Moreover, the transparent container has an opening. With a sealing plug;
  • the transparent container can be set at 1/4 of the bottom of the transparent container, or the opening can be set at the top of the transparent container, the opening diameter is between 10 and 50 mm, and the sealing plug can be made of wood, cotton, plastic, etc. .
  • S21 Use transparent and impurity-free water (such as deionized water, sterile water, purified water or transparent tap water, deep well water, river water) as a constant volume agent, add to about 2/3 of the specified volume, and then add the culture.
  • Nutrients and growth hormones and sugar sources needed for plant growth, mixed and dissolved together, can also be added to the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients or fertilizers required by plants, all substances ensure that the solution is transparent after dissolution, and is transparent.
  • Nutrient solution such as deionized water, sterile water, purified water or transparent tap water, deep well water, river water
  • step S22 The transparent nutrient solution obtained in step S21 is added to the matrix used for cultivating the plant by adding gellan gum, and the amount of gellan gum added in the nutrient solution is 2-10 g/L to obtain a liquid matrix, and then 1 N HCl is used. Or 1N NaOH adjust the pH of the substrate to 3.5-10.0, and make up to volume;
  • the amount of gellan gum added is 8-10 g/L; if the EC value is higher than 3.0 mS/cm, Then, the amount of gellan gum added is 2-5 g/L, and most preferably 3-4 g/L.
  • step S23 the transparent container obtained in step S22 is sterilized at 122 ⁇ 2° C. under a pressure of 1.06 ⁇ 0.02 Kg/cm 2 for 15-40 minutes, and then the liquid matrix cooled to a normal temperature is solidified;
  • the sterilized transparent container obtained in the step S23 is subjected to a bonding treatment at 20-25 ° C, RH 30-50%, 5-20 umol/m 2 /s, and after 5-14 days, the matrix and the transparent container are adhered to the whole. Will slide relative to each other, allowing the transparent container to stand upright in the normal direction of use during the entire bonding process;
  • the sealing plug In a sterile environment, the sealing plug is opened, and the live sterile plant seedlings or sterile seeds are inoculated in a sterile environment through the opening of the transparent container to the solidified substrate, and when cultivated, the plant growth direction is cultivated to ensure The plant is coordinated with the substrate and the container, and finally the sealing plug is plugged to ensure that the entire cultivation process is carried out in a sterile environment;
  • a transparent sealed container of viable sterile plant seedlings or sterile seeds shall be placed in an environment of temperature 20-37 ° C, humidity RH30-70%, light intensity 10-200 umol/m 2 /s, culture period 2- At 6 weeks, the plant grows new leaves and the new roots grow, the plants are consistent with the matrix, and the whole transparent culture substrate grows well; it has strong ornamental.
  • the invention relates to a method for cultivating plants in a transparent sealed container and a substrate used, which uses gellan gum as a single transparent coagulant to ensure uniformity and transparency of the transparent substrate, and also utilizes good adhesion of gellan gum.
  • the substrate of the present invention can be firmly adhered to the transparent sealed container. After experimental testing, the substrate of the present invention does not slip and spread in a conventionally shaken state in a transparent sealed container, and can be kept completely inverted in a transparent sealed container to be kept from falling for 3-10 minutes.
  • the uniform transparent substrate is coordinated with the transparent container, and the transparent sealed container cultivated with the plant can be placed in the room under normal temperature conditions for 6-24 months, and the whole growth process of the plant growth can be directly observed. It is an ideal watch for home or office.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

一种在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法及所用的基质，其基质主要由透明的营养液和添加于此营养液中的结冷胶混合凝结而成，结冷胶在所述营养液中的添加量为2－10g/L，且基质的pH值为3.5－10.0。采用结冷胶作为单一的透明凝固剂，从而保证了透明基质的均一性和透明度，而且，还利用了结冷胶良好的粘附性，使得该基质可牢固粘附在透明密封容器内。经过实验测试，该基质在透明密封容器中常规摇晃状态下不会滑移、散开，而且在透明密封容器中完全倒置可保持3－10分钟不脱落。

Description

在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法及所用的基质 技术领域
本发明涉及植物的栽培方法及所用的基质，具体是在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法及所用的基质。
背景技术
盆栽植物为我们在狭小的个人空间里营造一个室外自然的景色，让我们在紧张的生活工作中置身大自然的陶冶中。
随着技术水平的提高，现已出现栽培在透明密封容器中植物，由于其完全无需浇水和其他护理，越来越受到人们的欢迎。为了提高观赏性，在透明密封容器中栽培植物所用的基质一般采用透明基质，如采用卡拉胶或琼脂等透明胶体配以透明的营养液凝结而成的透明基质，这种透明基质粘附性较差，无法牢固吸附在透明密封容器内，在运输过程中容易因基质移动或散开而损坏透明密封容器中的植物，实用性较差，无法推广应用。为了提高透明基质的粘附性，人们通过在透明基质中加入多种的胶体或在胶体中混入其他粘性材料，这样会导致透明基质的透明度和均一性较差，影响观赏性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法，通过本发明方法可使透明基质在保证较高的透明度和均一性的基础上还具有很好 的粘性，可牢固粘附在透明密封容器内。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种在透明密封容器中栽培植物所用的基质，其在保证较高的透明度和均一性的基础上还具有很好的粘性，可牢固粘附在透明密封容器内。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
在透明密封容器中栽培植物所用的基质，主要由透明的营养液和添加于此营养液中的结冷胶混合凝结而成，所述结冷胶在所述营养液中的添加量为2－10g/L，且所述基质的pH值为3.5－10.0。
所述营养液包括混合溶解在一起的透明无杂质的水，培养基，以及植物生长需要的生长激素和糖源，所有物质保证溶解后溶液显透明状。
所述基质在透明密封容器中的厚度为1－10mm。
在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法，通过如下步骤实现：
S1：选择透明容器：选择具有开口的透明容器，且此开口配有密封塞；
S2：基质的准备：
S21：在透明状的营养液加入结冷胶配成栽培植物所用的基质，所述结冷胶在所述营养液中的添加量为2－10g/L，得到透明的液态的基质，且将基质的pH值调至3.5－10.0；
S22：将步骤S21所得的液态的基质装入透明容器中，使得液态的基质在透明容器中的厚度为1－10mm，然后通过密封塞将透明容器的开口封好；
S23：在122±2℃，1.06±0.02Kg/cm2压力下，对步骤S22所得的透明容器进行灭菌15－40分钟后，冷却到常温待其内的液态的基质凝固；
S24：将步骤S23所得的灭菌好的透明容器在20－25℃，RH30－50％，5 －20umol/m2/s下进行粘合处理，5－14天后待基质与透明容器粘成整体不会相对滑动，在整个粘合处理过程中让透明容器按正常使用方向直立放置；
S3：无菌植物栽培：在无菌环境中，打开密封塞，将活的无菌植物小苗或无菌种子在无菌环境下通过透明容器的开口接种栽培到凝固的基质上，栽培时，按植物生长方向性栽培，保证植物与基质和容器协调，最后塞紧密封塞，保证整个栽培过程均在无菌环境中进行；
S4：无菌植物的培养：将栽培好活的无菌植物小苗或无菌种子的透明密封容器，放置在温度20－37℃，湿度RH30－70％，光强10－200umol/m2/s的环境中，培养周期2－6周，植物生长出新叶同时新根系长出，植株与基质相吻合，整体透明栽培基质生长好；具有较强的观赏性。
结冷胶(GellanGum)最早是美国Kelco公司20世纪80年代开发的一种微生物食用胶，它是由假单脑杆菌伊乐藻属(Pseudomonaseloden)在中性条件下，以葡萄糖为碳源，硝酸铵为氮源及一些无机盐所织成的培养基中，经有氧发酵而产生的细胞外多糖胶质。结冷胶一般作为食品添加剂使用以增加食品的口感，也有见过在栽培植物中的应用，但其在栽培植物的应用中是作为植物所需的营养成分来使用的。
本发明一种在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法及所用的基质，采用了结冷胶作为单一的透明凝固剂，从而保证透明基质的均一性和透明度，而且，还利用了结冷胶良好的粘附性，使得本发明的基质可牢固粘附在透明密封容器内。经过实验测试，本发明的基质在透明密封容器中常规摇晃状态下不会滑移、散开，而且在透明密封容器中完全倒置可保持3－10分钟内不脱落。
具体实施方式
本发明在透明密封容器中栽培植物所用的基质，主要由透明的营养液和添加于此营养液中的结冷胶混合凝结而成，所述结冷胶在所述营养液中的添加量为2－10g/L，且所述基质的pH值为3.5－10.0。
所述营养液包括混合溶解在一起的透明无杂质的水，培养基，以及植物生长需要的生长激素和糖源，也可加入植物所需的营养成份如氮、磷、钾等营养或肥料，所有物质保证溶解后溶液显透明状。
上述基质中，如果EC值(可溶性盐含量)低于0.5mS/cm或去离子水状态量，则结冷胶的添加量是8.0－10.0g/L；如果EC值高于3.0mS/cm，则结冷胶的添加量在2.0－5.0g/L,最佳是3.0－4.0g/L。
按种植需要，所述基质在透明密封容器中的厚度为1－10mm。
本发明在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法，通过如下步骤实现：
S1：选择透明容器：
选用玻璃、塑料做成的可形成密封的透明容器，此透明容器可以过高温灭菌或其物理或化学灭菌后不变形，具保持回定的形态，而且，此透明容器具有开口，此开口配有密封塞；
透明容器可设在高于透明容器的底部的1/4处，也可将开口设在透明容器的顶部，开口的口径在10－50mm之间，密封塞可选择木材、棉花、塑料等制成。
S2：基质的准备：
S21：采用透明无杂质的水(如去离子水、无菌水、纯净水或透明的自来水、深井水、河水)作为定容剂，加到指定容积的2/3左右，再加入培 养基以及植物生长需要的生长激素和糖源，混合溶解在一起，也可加入植物所需的营养成份如氮、磷、钾等营养或肥料，所有物质保证溶解后溶液显透明状，得到透明状的营养液；
S22：在步骤S21所得的透明状的营养液加入结冷胶配成栽培植物所用的基质，结冷胶在营养液中的添加量为2－10g/L，得到液态的基质，再用1N HCl或1N NaOH将基质的pH值调至3.5－10.0，并定容；
上述液态的基质中，如果EC值(可溶性盐含量)低0.5mS/cm或去离子水状态量，则结冷胶的添加量是8－10g/L；如果EC值高于3.0mS/cm，则结冷胶的添加量在2－5g/L,最佳是3－4g/L。
S22：将步骤S21所得的液态的基质装入透明容器中，使得液态的基质在透明容器中的厚度为1－10mm，然后通过密封塞将透明容器的开口封好，将透明容器向上放置，防止液体营养的流出；
S23：在122±2℃，1.06±0.02Kg/cm2压力下，对步骤S22所得的透明容器进行灭菌15－40分钟后，冷却到常温待其内的液态的基质凝固；
S24：将步骤S23所得的灭菌好的透明容器在20－25℃，RH30－50％，5－20umol/m2/s下进行粘合处理，5－14天后待基质与透明容器粘成整体不会相对滑动，在整个粘合处理过程中让透明容器按正常使用方向直立放置；
S3：无菌植物栽培：
在无菌环境中，打开密封塞，将活的无菌植物小苗或无菌种子在无菌环境下通过透明容器的开口接种栽培到凝固的基质上，栽培时，按植物生长方向性栽培，保证植物与基质和容器协调，最后塞紧密封塞，保证整个栽培过程均在无菌环境中进行；
S4：无菌植物的培养：
将栽培好活的无菌植物小苗或无菌种子的透明密封容器，放置在温度20－37℃，湿度RH30－70％，光强10－200umol/m2/s的环境中，培养周期2－6周，植物生长出新叶同时新根系长出，植株与基质相吻合，整体透明栽培基质生长好；具有较强的观赏性。
本发明一种在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法及所用的基质，采用了结冷胶作为单一的透明凝固剂，从而保证透明基质的均一性和透明度，而且，还利用了结冷胶良好的粘附性，使得本发明的基质可牢固粘附在透明密封容器内。经过实验测试，本发明的基质在透明密封容器中常规摇晃状态下不会滑移、散开，而且在透明密封容器中完全倒置可保持3－10分钟内不脱落。
通过本发明方法进行栽培，均一透明的基质与透明容器相协调，栽培有植物的透明密封容器可放置在室内常温条件下观赏期达6－24个月，并可直接观察植物生长的整个生长过程，是家居或办公的理想观赏品。

Claims (6)

  1. 在透明密封容器中栽培植物所用的基质，其特征在于：主要由透明的营养液和添加于此营养液中的结冷胶混合凝结而成，所述结冷胶在所述营养液中的添加量为2－10g/L，且所述基质的pH值为3.5－10.0。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的在透明密封容器中栽培植物所用的基质，其特征在于：所述营养液包括混合溶解在一起的透明无杂质的水，培养基，以及植物生长需要的生长激素和糖源，所有物质保证溶解后溶液显透明状。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的在透明密封容器中栽培植物所用的基质，其特征在于：所述基质在透明密封容器中的厚度为1－10mm。
  4. 在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法，其特征在于，通过如下步骤实现：
    S1：选择透明容器：选择具有开口的透明容器，且此开口配有密封塞；
    S2：基质的准备：
    S21：在透明状的营养液加入结冷胶配成栽培植物所用的基质，所述结冷胶在所述营养液中的添加量为2－10g/L，得到透明的液态的基质，且将基质的pH值调至3.5－10.0；
    S22：将步骤S21所得的液态的基质装入透明容器中，然后通过密封塞将透明容器的开口封好；
    S23：在122±2℃，1.06±0.02Kg/cm2压力下，对步骤S22所得的透明容器进行灭菌15－40分钟后，冷却到常温待其内的液态的基质凝固；
    S24：将步骤S23所得的灭菌好的透明容器在20－25℃，RH30－50％，5－20umol/m2/s下进行粘合处理，5－14天后待基质与透明容器粘成整体不 会相对滑动，在整个粘合处理过程中让透明容器按正常使用方向直立放置；
    S3：无菌植物栽培：在无菌环境中，打开密封塞，将活的无菌植物小苗或无菌种子在无菌环境下通过透明容器的开口接种栽培到凝固的基质上，栽培时，按植物生长方向性栽培，保证植物与基质和容器协调，最后塞紧密封塞，保证整个栽培过程均在无菌环境中进行；
    S4：无菌植物的培养：将栽培好活的无菌植物小苗或无菌种子的透明密封容器，放置在温度20－37℃，湿度RH30－70％，光强10－200umol/m2/s的环境中，培养周期2－6周，植物生长出新叶同时新根系长出，植株与基质相吻合，整体透明栽培基质生长好；具有较强的观赏性。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法，其特征在于：所述营养液包括混合溶解在一起的透明无杂质的水，培养基，以及植物生长需要的生长激素和糖源，所有物质保证溶解后溶液显透明状。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的在透明密封容器中栽培植物的方法，其特征在于：所述基质在透明密封容器中的厚度为1－10mm。
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