WO2018058377A1 - Device and method for preparing bone tunnel for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - Google Patents

Device and method for preparing bone tunnel for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018058377A1
WO2018058377A1 PCT/CN2016/100611 CN2016100611W WO2018058377A1 WO 2018058377 A1 WO2018058377 A1 WO 2018058377A1 CN 2016100611 W CN2016100611 W CN 2016100611W WO 2018058377 A1 WO2018058377 A1 WO 2018058377A1
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Prior art keywords
bone
preparation
ligament
section
connecting rod
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PCT/CN2016/100611
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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张文涛
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张文涛
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Priority to CN201680001284.3A priority Critical patent/CN106456195B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/100611 priority patent/WO2018058377A1/en
Publication of WO2018058377A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018058377A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1675—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the knee
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a femoral end bone preparation apparatus and method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
  • the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee also known as the anterior cruciate ligament, is located in the knee joint and connects the femur and tibia.
  • the main function is to limit the excessive displacement of the tibia. It cooperates with other structures inside and outside the knee joint to maintain the knee joint. Stability, the body can complete a variety of complex and difficult lower limb movements.
  • the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament rupture in the general population in the United States is about 1/3000, while the annual incidence of anterior cruciate ligament rupture in football players is 60/100,000.
  • a survey of active athletes in China found that the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament rupture was 0.43%.
  • the bone track is usually drilled at a corresponding position by an electric drill.
  • the bone drilled by the electric drill is a circular bone, forming a circular ligament stop point, and the circular ligament stop point does not conform to the shape of the anterior cruciate ligament femoral end point.
  • the ligament tension after reconstruction is in some If the position is too high or too low, satisfactory treatment results cannot be obtained.
  • the prior art has a technical solution of drilling a double circular bone by using an electric drill.
  • the technique of double-ligament ligament can improve the function of reconstructing the ligament, and the femoral end of the reconstructed ligament is close to the shape of the physiological femur end.
  • the anterior cruciate ligament stop point obtained by this technique still has a large gap with the physiological anterior ligament end point.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bone preparation device and method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which can prepare an elliptical bone for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, and conform to the shape of the material of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament, which is beneficial to improve.
  • Reconstruction of the performance of the anterior cruciate ligament is better Simulating the anterior ligament of the anterior ligament, and obtaining the satisfactory knee function after reconstruction, is helpful for the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which is used for preparing an trajectory of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, including: a striking part and a connecting rod And a bone preparation assembly;
  • the bone preparation assembly is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section for preparation of the bone; the open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod
  • the tapping portion is connected, and the striking portion provides a striking plane, and the striking plane is perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting rod.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a bone preparation method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which is prepared by using a bone preparation device such as the technical solution, comprising: providing a ligament section measuring device Measuring the cross-sectional area of the ligament; selecting a bone preparation device having the same or substantially the same cross-sectional area as the ligament cross-sectional area of the bone preparation component to prepare the bone; providing an electric drill to be prepared at a designated position of the bone to be prepared a circular bone; placing the closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation device on a circular bone, and striking the striking portion of the bone preparation device by a hammer to make the bone preparation assembly of the bone preparation device The position of the circular bone enters the bone, forming an elliptical bone.
  • a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the present invention is used for preparing a femoral end bone tract during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, comprising: a striking site, a connecting rod and a bone preparation assembly
  • the bone preparation assembly is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section for the preparation of the bone; the open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the striking part.
  • the striking portion provides a striking plane that is perpendicular to the direction in which the connecting rod extends.
  • the elliptical bone can be prepared for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, conforming to the shape of the physiological anterior cruciate ligament, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributing to the recovery of the knee joint function of the patient.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention. Schematic diagram of the same type of bone cutting knife;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bone measuring device for a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a bone for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention.
  • the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee also known as the anterior cruciate ligament, is located in the knee joint and connects the femur and tibia.
  • the main function is to limit the excessive displacement of the tibia. It cooperates with other structures inside and outside the knee joint to maintain the knee joint. Stability, the body can complete a variety of complex and difficult lower limb movements.
  • the anterior cruciate ligament Once the anterior cruciate ligament is broken and not treated in time, it may eventually lead to cartilage damage of the knee joint, resulting in knee joint pain, deformity, limited mobility, and loss of walking ability.
  • the hospital is usually treated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
  • the preparation of the bone is to drill the bone at a specified position using an electric drill, and finally obtain a circular bone.
  • the physiological stop of the anterior cruciate ligament is nearly elliptical, and the ligament is flat banded.
  • the reconstruction technique formed by the traditional reconstruction technique in the circular bone is also circular, and the tendon eventually grows into a circle according to the shape of the bone.
  • the ligament is caused by the ligament. Inconsistent forces have a certain impact.
  • the present invention proposes an apparatus and method for preparing an elliptical bone.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a bone preparation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a bone canal preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bone measurement device for a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention.
  • the device 100 is used to prepare a bone tract when the anterior cruciate ligament is reconstructed.
  • the method includes a tapping portion 110, a connecting rod 120, and a bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the bone preparation assembly 130 is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section.
  • the closed end of the U-shaped structure is a top end, and is in contact with the designated bone position, and is a smooth convex.
  • the open end of the U-shaped structure is a bottom end, and the bottom end is connected to the connecting rod 120.
  • the length of the curved portion of the bone preparation assembly 130 from the bottom end to the U-shaped structure is set to 15 mm, and the length of the curved portion to the tip end is set to 5 mm.
  • the long axis of the elliptical section may be 10 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, and 15 mm, and the corresponding minor axes are 6 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, and 8 mm.
  • the bone preparation assembly 130 is provided with a through cavity 131 in the direction of the connecting rod.
  • the cavity 131 has a circular cross section and a diameter smaller than the short diameter of the cross section of the bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the through cavity 131 provides a raised opening at the top end of the bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the connecting rod 120 is a hollow rod and communicates with the cavity 131.
  • the striking portion 110 is connected to the connecting rod 120.
  • the striking portion 110 includes a striking plane 111 that is perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting rod 120.
  • the circular bone is drilled at a specified position using an electric drill, and the top protrusion of the bone preparation assembly 130 of the bone preparation device 100 is placed in a circular bone path, and the direction of the bone is determined through the connecting rod 120.
  • the tapping plane 111 is struck to advance the bone preparation assembly 130 on the basis of the circular bone, and finally the cross-section is prepared in relation to the bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the same or similar elliptical bone, the tendon is filled into the elliptical bone, the shape of the tendon does not change too much, and its good performance can be maintained, which is beneficial to the recovery of the patient.
  • the striking portion 110, the connecting rod 120, and the bone preparation assembly 130 are joined by welding or integrally formed of stainless steel.
  • a direction reference component 112 is disposed at the tapping location, and the direction reference component 112 controls the direction of travel of the bone preparation assembly 130 when the tapping plane 111 is tapped.
  • the direction reference assembly 112 is a three-dimensional structure, preferably a rectangular parallelepiped having a length that is perpendicular to the connecting rod 120, and the length of the rectangular parallelepiped is parallel to the long axis of the ellipse of the cross-section of the bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the directional reference assembly 112 is affixed to the connecting rod and is referenced by the cuboid structure of the directional reference assembly 112 to determine if the bone preparation assembly 130 has rotated during travel.
  • the direction reference assembly 112 of the cuboid structure can be used as the striking portion 110, and the plane perpendicular to the connecting rod can be used as the striking plane 111.
  • a discharge hole 121 is disposed on the connecting rod 120.
  • the discharge hole 121 allows the flow of water with bone residue to be excluded, thereby facilitating the observation of the arthroscope.
  • a plurality of cutting blades 132 are provided on the outer surface of the bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the cutting blade 132 is disposed in an elliptical shape around the cross-section of the bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the blade of the cutting blade 132 extends to the outside of the bone preparation assembly 130 and is disposed in an elliptical shape around the cross-section of the bone preparation assembly 130.
  • the distance between adjacent cutting blades 132 is 2-3 mm.
  • the blade faces the bottom end of the U-shaped structure. In the process of preparing the bone, the cutting edge of the cutting blade 132 directly contacts the circular bone prepared in advance, and cuts the bone around the bone to transform the circular bone into an oval bone.
  • only three cutting blades 132 may be provided on the side of the smooth protrusion toward the connecting rod 120 from the top end, and the area of the elliptical cross section of the bone preparation assembly 130 surrounded by the three cutting blades 132 is gradually increased. Big. Because during the bone preparation process, once the direction of travel of the bone preparation assembly 130 is offset, if the outer surface is covered with the cutting blade 132, the subsequent cutting blade 132 will cut the bone around the bone and eventually generate Oval bone Make an impact.
  • the bone preparation assembly 130 and the connecting rod 120 are connected at a specific angle. As shown in Figure 4. Because the preparation of the bone is carried out in the dark, it cannot be directly observed. When the bone preparation assembly 130 and the connecting rod 120 are in a straight line, because the bone surface at the bone joint has a certain curvature, the bone preparation assembly 130 may not be able to reach the optimal bone preparation position, when the bone preparation assembly 130 and the connecting rod When a particular angle is set between 120, the bone preparation assembly 130 can be brought to an optimal bone preparation position.
  • the bone measuring device 140 is a cubic structure having a penetrating elliptical lumen having a plurality of different types of elliptical lumen areas. And the cross section of the elliptical lumen of any of the bone measurement devices 140 is the same as the cross section of the bone preparation assembly 130 of one of the bone preparation devices 100, and the bone measurement device 140 measures the ligament to be reconstructed.
  • the cross-sectional area is to be used for the bone preparation device 100 to be used.
  • the cubic structure of the bone measuring device 140 is a cylinder, and threads are provided on the outer side of the cylinder to increase friction. As shown in Figure 5.
  • a bone direction fixing pin 150 is further included. After the circular bone path is drilled by the electric drill, the side of the bone direction fixing pin 150 is inserted into the bone path to be fixed, and is consistent with the extending direction of the circular bone. The other side is inserted from the bottom opening of the bone preparation assembly 130, through the cavity of the bone preparation assembly 130 and the interior of the connecting rod 120, extending from the striking plane 111 to fix the direction of the bone.
  • a slide hammer 160 is also included, which is used to strike the site 110 by tapping to cause the bone preparation device to enter or exit the bone to be prepared.
  • a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the present invention is used for preparing a bone trajectory during reconstruction of an anterior cruciate ligament, comprising: a striking site, a connecting rod and a bone preparation component;
  • the channel preparation component is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section for preparation of a bone track; the open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the striking part, and tapping
  • the portion provides a striking plane that is perpendicular to the direction in which the connecting rod extends.
  • the elliptical bone can be prepared for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, which conforms to the shape of the material of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament, and is beneficial to improving the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributing to the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a bone for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention. The steps of the method include:
  • a ligament section measuring device is provided to measure the cross-sectional area of the ligament.
  • the bone measurement ruler is a cubic structure having a penetrating elliptical lumen with a plurality of different types of elliptical lumen areas. And the cross section of the elliptical lumen of any of the bone measurement gauges is the same as the cross section of the bone preparation assembly of one of the bone preparation devices, and the bone measuring tape determines the cross-sectional area of the ligament to be reconstructed.
  • the bone preparation device to be used.
  • S220 Selecting a bone preparation device using a bone preparation component having a cross-sectional area equal to or substantially the same as a cross-sectional area of the ligament to prepare a bone.
  • step S210 Obtaining a cross section of the tendon for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in step S210, that is, the pre-prepared tendon is inserted into the lumen of the bone measuring ruler, and if it is close to or the same as the cross section of the lumen, the selected The bone preparation device corresponding to the bone measuring tape of the model performs the preparation of the bone track; otherwise, the bone preparation device corresponding to the appropriate type of the bone measuring tape is replaced to prepare the bone.
  • S240 placing the closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation device on the circular bone, and striking the striking part of the bone preparation device by a hammer to make the bone preparation component of the bone preparation device from the circular bone The position enters the bone and forms an elliptical cylindrical bone.
  • the smooth protrusion of the bone preparation assembly is placed in a circular bone, the striking portion of the bone preparation device is struck by a slide hammer, the squeezing action on the bone by the smooth protrusion of the bone preparation component, and the bone
  • the cutting blade on the surface of the preparation component cuts the bone and transforms the circular bone into an elliptical bone that is more in line with the shape of the anterior cruciate ligament. Filling the tendon into the elliptical bone facilitates the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributes to the postoperative recovery of the patient.
  • a bone preparation method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the present invention is used for preparing a bone trajectory during reconstruction of an anterior cruciate ligament, comprising: providing a bone measuring ruler and measuring a cross-sectional area of the ligament Selecting a bone preparation device that uses the same or substantially the same cross-sectional area as the ligament cross-sectional area of the bone preparation component to prepare the bone; providing an electric drill to prepare a circular bone at a designated position of the bone to be prepared; The closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation device is placed On the circular bone, the striking portion of the bone preparation device is struck by a slide hammer, and the bone preparation assembly of the bone preparation device enters the bone from the position of the circular bone to form an elliptical bone.
  • the elliptical bone can be prepared for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, which conforms to the physiological shape of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament, and is beneficial to improving the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributing to the recovery of the knee joint function after the operation.

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Abstract

A device for preparing a bone tunnel at the distal end of a femur for the reconstruction of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), applied when preparing a femoral tunnel when ACL reconstruction is performed. The device comprises a striking region (110), a connective rod (120) and a bone tunnel preparation component (130). The bone tunnel preparation component (130) is for preparing a bone tunnel, and is a cylinder with an oval-shaped traverse section and a U-shaped longitudinal section. The open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of connective rod (120), and the other end of connective rod (120) is connected to the striking site (110) which provides a striking plane (111) perpendicular to the direction of extension of the connective rod (120). The preparation device can prepare the distal end of an oval-shaped femoral tunnel for reconstructing the ACL, matching the shape of an ACL material before reconstruction and being more similar anatomically to ACL, making the function of the reconstructed ACL more similar physiologically to the function of the real ACL.

Description

一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置和方法Bone preparation device and method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及医疗设备领域，特别是涉及一种用于前交叉韧带重建的股骨端骨道制备装置和方法。The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a femoral end bone preparation apparatus and method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
背景技术Background technique
膝前交叉韧带，又称膝前十字韧带，位于膝关节内，连接股骨与胫骨，主要作用是限制胫骨向前过度移位，它与膝关节内、外其他结构共同作用，来维持膝关节的稳定性，使人体能完成各种复杂和高难度的下肢动作。文献报道，美国普通人群的前交叉韧带断裂发病率约为1/3000，而足球运动员每年前交叉韧带断裂的发生率为60/10万。对我国现役运动员的普查发现，前交叉韧带断裂的发病率是0.43％。The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee, also known as the anterior cruciate ligament, is located in the knee joint and connects the femur and tibia. The main function is to limit the excessive displacement of the tibia. It cooperates with other structures inside and outside the knee joint to maintain the knee joint. Stability, the body can complete a variety of complex and difficult lower limb movements. According to the literature, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament rupture in the general population in the United States is about 1/3000, while the annual incidence of anterior cruciate ligament rupture in football players is 60/100,000. A survey of active athletes in China found that the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament rupture was 0.43%.
前交叉韧带断裂后通常要通过手术治疗进行重建。现有技术在进行前交叉韧带重建的手术中，通常通过电钻在对应位置钻取骨道。但是电钻钻取的骨道为圆形骨道，形成圆形的韧带止点，而圆形的韧带止点与生理前交叉韧带股骨端止点形状不符，重建完成后的韧带张力会在某些位置过高或过低，不能获得满意的治疗效果。为克服上述问题，现有技术有使用电钻钻取双圆形骨道的技术方案，采用双束韧带的技术，可以改善重建韧带功能，使重建韧带的股骨端止点接近生理股骨端止点形状，但该技术重建得到的前交叉韧带止点与生理前交韧带止点仍具有较大差距。After anterior cruciate ligament rupture, reconstruction is usually performed by surgical treatment. In the prior art, in the operation of performing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, the bone track is usually drilled at a corresponding position by an electric drill. However, the bone drilled by the electric drill is a circular bone, forming a circular ligament stop point, and the circular ligament stop point does not conform to the shape of the anterior cruciate ligament femoral end point. The ligament tension after reconstruction is in some If the position is too high or too low, satisfactory treatment results cannot be obtained. In order to overcome the above problems, the prior art has a technical solution of drilling a double circular bone by using an electric drill. The technique of double-ligament ligament can improve the function of reconstructing the ligament, and the femoral end of the reconstructed ligament is close to the shape of the physiological femur end. However, the anterior cruciate ligament stop point obtained by this technique still has a large gap with the physiological anterior ligament end point.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置和方法，能够为前交叉韧带重建制备椭圆形的骨道，符合重建前交叉韧带的材料的形状，利于提高重建前交叉韧带的性能，能更好 地模拟生理前交韧带止点，获得满意的重建术后膝关节功能，有助于患者的术后康复。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bone preparation device and method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which can prepare an elliptical bone for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, and conform to the shape of the material of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament, which is beneficial to improve. Reconstruction of the performance of the anterior cruciate ligament is better Simulating the anterior ligament of the anterior ligament, and obtaining the satisfactory knee function after reconstruction, is helpful for the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置，用于制备前交叉韧带重建时的骨道，包括：敲击部位、连接杆和骨道制备组件；骨道制备组件是横截面为椭圆形、纵截面为U型的柱状体，用于骨道的制备；U型截面的开口端连接连接杆的一端，连接杆的另一端连接敲击部位，敲击部位提供一敲击平面，敲击平面垂直于连接杆的延伸方向。In order to solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which is used for preparing an trajectory of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, including: a striking part and a connecting rod And a bone preparation assembly; the bone preparation assembly is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section for preparation of the bone; the open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod The tapping portion is connected, and the striking portion provides a striking plane, and the striking plane is perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting rod.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备方法，使用如技术方案的骨道制备装置进行制备，包括：提供一韧带截面测量装置，测量韧带的横截面积；选择使用骨道制备组件横截面积与韧带横截面积相同或基本相同的骨道制备装置进行制备骨道；提供一电钻，在待制备骨道的指定位置制得一圆形骨道；将骨道制备装置U型截面的封闭端放置于圆形骨道上，通过一滑锤敲击骨道制备装置的敲击部位，使骨道制备装置的骨道制备组件从圆形骨道的位置进入骨，形成椭圆形骨道。In order to solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a bone preparation method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which is prepared by using a bone preparation device such as the technical solution, comprising: providing a ligament section measuring device Measuring the cross-sectional area of the ligament; selecting a bone preparation device having the same or substantially the same cross-sectional area as the ligament cross-sectional area of the bone preparation component to prepare the bone; providing an electric drill to be prepared at a designated position of the bone to be prepared a circular bone; placing the closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation device on a circular bone, and striking the striking portion of the bone preparation device by a hammer to make the bone preparation assembly of the bone preparation device The position of the circular bone enters the bone, forming an elliptical bone.
区别于现有技术，本发明的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置，用于制备前交叉韧带重建时的股骨端骨道，包括：敲击部位、连接杆和骨道制备组件；骨道制备组件是横截面为椭圆形、纵截面为U型的柱状体，用于骨道的制备；U型截面的开口端连接连接杆的一端，连接杆的另一端连接敲击部位，敲击部位提供一敲击平面，敲击平面垂直于连接杆的延伸方向。通过本发明，能够为前交叉韧带重建制备椭圆形的骨道，符合生理前交叉韧带止点的形状，利于提高重建前交叉韧带的性能，有助于患者的膝关节功能的恢复。Different from the prior art, a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the present invention is used for preparing a femoral end bone tract during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, comprising: a striking site, a connecting rod and a bone preparation assembly The bone preparation assembly is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section for the preparation of the bone; the open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the striking part. The striking portion provides a striking plane that is perpendicular to the direction in which the connecting rod extends. Through the invention, the elliptical bone can be prepared for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, conforming to the shape of the physiological anterior cruciate ligament, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributing to the recovery of the knee joint function of the patient.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的不 同类型骨道切割刀的结构示意图；2 is a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention. Schematic diagram of the same type of bone cutting knife;
图3是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的另一实施方式的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention;
图4是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置一种实施方式的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention;
图5是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的骨道测量装置的结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural view of a bone measuring device for a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction according to the present invention;
图6是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备方法的实施方式的流程示意图。6 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a bone for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步更详细的描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
膝前交叉韧带，又称膝前十字韧带，位于膝关节内，连接股骨与胫骨，主要作用是限制胫骨向前过度移位，它与膝关节内、外其他结构共同作用，来维持膝关节的稳定性，使人体能完成各种复杂和高难度的下肢动作。一旦前交叉韧带断裂而不及时进行手术处理，最终可能导致膝关节的软骨损伤，导致膝关节疼痛、畸形、活动受限，使人丧失行走能力。对于前交叉韧带断裂的患者，医院对其进行手术时，通常采用前交叉韧带重建的方法进行治疗。重建过程中，需要在股骨及胫骨上分别制备骨道，取结构功能和前交叉韧带相似的肌腱填充进入在股骨与胫骨上制备的骨道，行使前交叉韧带的功能。The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee, also known as the anterior cruciate ligament, is located in the knee joint and connects the femur and tibia. The main function is to limit the excessive displacement of the tibia. It cooperates with other structures inside and outside the knee joint to maintain the knee joint. Stability, the body can complete a variety of complex and difficult lower limb movements. Once the anterior cruciate ligament is broken and not treated in time, it may eventually lead to cartilage damage of the knee joint, resulting in knee joint pain, deformity, limited mobility, and loss of walking ability. For patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture, the hospital is usually treated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. During the reconstruction process, it is necessary to prepare the bones on the femur and the tibia, respectively, and the tendons similar in structure and anterior cruciate ligament are filled into the bones prepared on the femur and tibia to perform the function of the anterior cruciate ligament.
现有技术中，骨道的制备是使用电钻在指定的位置钻取骨道，最终得到圆形骨道。但是前交叉韧带的生理止点为近椭圆形，韧带为扁平束带状。传统重建技术在圆形的骨道中形成的重建韧带也是圆形，肌腱最终依照骨道的形状而生长为圆形，在患者后续的活动中，会因为韧带张 力不一致带来一定影响。本领域的技术人员为改善上述问题，提出钻取双骨道的方法，该方法需利用双束的肌腱进行前交叉韧带重建，但是钻取的双骨道仍为圆形的骨道，对肌腱性能影响的问题并未完全避免。基于上述问题，本发明提出一种制备椭圆形骨道的装置和方法。In the prior art, the preparation of the bone is to drill the bone at a specified position using an electric drill, and finally obtain a circular bone. However, the physiological stop of the anterior cruciate ligament is nearly elliptical, and the ligament is flat banded. The reconstruction technique formed by the traditional reconstruction technique in the circular bone is also circular, and the tendon eventually grows into a circle according to the shape of the bone. In the subsequent activities of the patient, the ligament is caused by the ligament. Inconsistent forces have a certain impact. In order to improve the above problems, a person skilled in the art proposes a method of drilling a double bone, which requires reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament with a double bundle of tendons, but the drilled bifurcation is still a circular bone, for the tendon The issue of performance impact is not completely avoided. Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes an apparatus and method for preparing an elliptical bone.
参阅图1-图5，图1是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的结构示意图；图2是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的不同类型骨道切割刀的结构示意图；图3是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的另一实施方式的结构示意图；图4是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置一种实施方式的结构示意图；图5是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置的骨道测量装置的结构示意图。该装置100用于制备前交叉韧带重建时的骨道。包括：敲击部位110、连接杆120和骨道制备组件130。1 to FIG. 5, FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention; FIG. 2 is a bone preparation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a bone canal preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the present invention; A schematic structural view of an embodiment of a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bone measurement device for a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention. The device 100 is used to prepare a bone tract when the anterior cruciate ligament is reconstructed. The method includes a tapping portion 110, a connecting rod 120, and a bone preparation assembly 130.
其中，骨道制备组件130为横截面为椭圆形、纵截面为U型的柱状体。设其U型结构的封闭端为顶端，与指定的骨部位置接触，为光滑的凸起。设U型结构的开口端为底端，底端连接连接杆120。在本实施方式中，沿连接杆120的延伸方向上，骨道制备组件130从底端到U型结构的弧形部分长度设定为15mm，弧形部分到顶端的长度设定为5mm。椭圆形截面的长轴可为10mm、13mm、14mm和15mm，对应短轴为6mm、6mm、7mm和8mm。骨道制备组件130沿连接杆方向设置一贯通的腔体131，腔体131的横截面为圆形，且直径小于骨道制备组件130横截面椭圆形的短径。贯通的腔体131使骨道制备组件130顶端的凸起开口。连接杆120为空心杆，且与腔体131连通。敲击部位110连接连接杆120，敲击部位110包括一敲击平面111，敲击平面111垂直于连接杆120的延伸方向。The bone preparation assembly 130 is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section. The closed end of the U-shaped structure is a top end, and is in contact with the designated bone position, and is a smooth convex. The open end of the U-shaped structure is a bottom end, and the bottom end is connected to the connecting rod 120. In the present embodiment, along the extending direction of the connecting rod 120, the length of the curved portion of the bone preparation assembly 130 from the bottom end to the U-shaped structure is set to 15 mm, and the length of the curved portion to the tip end is set to 5 mm. The long axis of the elliptical section may be 10 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, and 15 mm, and the corresponding minor axes are 6 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, and 8 mm. The bone preparation assembly 130 is provided with a through cavity 131 in the direction of the connecting rod. The cavity 131 has a circular cross section and a diameter smaller than the short diameter of the cross section of the bone preparation assembly 130. The through cavity 131 provides a raised opening at the top end of the bone preparation assembly 130. The connecting rod 120 is a hollow rod and communicates with the cavity 131. The striking portion 110 is connected to the connecting rod 120. The striking portion 110 includes a striking plane 111 that is perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting rod 120.
在使用过程中，使用电钻在指定位置钻取圆形骨道，将骨道制备装置100的骨道制备组件130的顶部凸起放置于圆形骨道内，通过连接杆120确定骨道方向，通过敲击该敲击平面111，使骨道制备组件130在圆形骨道的基础上继续行进，最终制备得到横截面与骨道制备组件130相 同或相似的椭圆形骨道，将肌腱填充进入椭圆形骨道中，肌腱的形状并不会有太大的变化，其良好性能也能被保持，有利于患者的康复。During use, the circular bone is drilled at a specified position using an electric drill, and the top protrusion of the bone preparation assembly 130 of the bone preparation device 100 is placed in a circular bone path, and the direction of the bone is determined through the connecting rod 120. The tapping plane 111 is struck to advance the bone preparation assembly 130 on the basis of the circular bone, and finally the cross-section is prepared in relation to the bone preparation assembly 130. The same or similar elliptical bone, the tendon is filled into the elliptical bone, the shape of the tendon does not change too much, and its good performance can be maintained, which is beneficial to the recovery of the patient.
敲击部位110、连接杆120和骨道制备组件130采用焊接方式进行连接，或者采用不锈钢材质一体成型制得。The striking portion 110, the connecting rod 120, and the bone preparation assembly 130 are joined by welding or integrally formed of stainless steel.
进一步，在敲击部位设置一方向参照组件112，方向参照组件112在敲击该敲击平面111时，对骨道制备组件130的行进方向进行控制。在本实施方式中，该方向参照组件112为立体结构，优选为长方体，该长方体的长与连接杆120垂直设置，且该长方体的长与骨道制备组件130的横截面的椭圆长轴平行。方向参照组件112固定于连接杆上，通过方向参照组件112的长方体结构进行参照，从而确定骨道制备组件130在行进过程中是否发生旋转。在其他实施方式中，可将该长方体结构的方向参照组件112作为敲击部位110，将垂直于连接杆的平面作为敲击平面111。Further, a direction reference component 112 is disposed at the tapping location, and the direction reference component 112 controls the direction of travel of the bone preparation assembly 130 when the tapping plane 111 is tapped. In the present embodiment, the direction reference assembly 112 is a three-dimensional structure, preferably a rectangular parallelepiped having a length that is perpendicular to the connecting rod 120, and the length of the rectangular parallelepiped is parallel to the long axis of the ellipse of the cross-section of the bone preparation assembly 130. The directional reference assembly 112 is affixed to the connecting rod and is referenced by the cuboid structure of the directional reference assembly 112 to determine if the bone preparation assembly 130 has rotated during travel. In other embodiments, the direction reference assembly 112 of the cuboid structure can be used as the striking portion 110, and the plane perpendicular to the connecting rod can be used as the striking plane 111.
进一步，连接杆120上设置一排出孔121。在前交叉韧带重建时，是需要在注水环境中进行。使用装置100制备骨道过程中，残渣漂浮于注水环境中，导致配合观察的关节镜(图未示)无法清晰拍摄手术进行的画面。排出孔121可使带有骨残渣的水流排除，从而为便于关节镜的观察。Further, a discharge hole 121 is disposed on the connecting rod 120. In the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, it is necessary to carry out in the water injection environment. During the preparation of the bone using the device 100, the residue floats in the water injection environment, and the arthroscope (not shown) that is observed together cannot clearly capture the image of the operation. The discharge hole 121 allows the flow of water with bone residue to be excluded, thereby facilitating the observation of the arthroscope.
进一步，在骨道制备组件130外表面设置若干切割刀132。切割刀132呈椭圆状围绕骨道制备组件130的横截面设置。切割刀132的刀刃向骨道制备组件130的外侧延伸，呈椭圆状围绕骨道制备组件130的横截面设置。相邻切割刀132之间的距离为2-3mm。刀刃朝向所述U型结构的底端。在制备骨道过程中，切割刀132的刀刃直接与预先制备的圆形骨道接触，对骨道周围的骨质起到切割作用，从而将圆形骨道改造为椭圆形骨道。在其他实施方式中，可仅从顶端开始，在光滑凸起向连接杆120的一侧设置3个切割刀132，三个切割刀132围绕的骨道制备组件130的椭圆横截面的面积逐渐增大。因为在骨道制备过程中，一旦骨道制备组件130的行进方向发生偏移，若其外表面布满切割刀132，后续的切割刀132会对骨道周围的骨进行切割，最终会对生成椭圆形骨道 造成影响。Further, a plurality of cutting blades 132 are provided on the outer surface of the bone preparation assembly 130. The cutting blade 132 is disposed in an elliptical shape around the cross-section of the bone preparation assembly 130. The blade of the cutting blade 132 extends to the outside of the bone preparation assembly 130 and is disposed in an elliptical shape around the cross-section of the bone preparation assembly 130. The distance between adjacent cutting blades 132 is 2-3 mm. The blade faces the bottom end of the U-shaped structure. In the process of preparing the bone, the cutting edge of the cutting blade 132 directly contacts the circular bone prepared in advance, and cuts the bone around the bone to transform the circular bone into an oval bone. In other embodiments, only three cutting blades 132 may be provided on the side of the smooth protrusion toward the connecting rod 120 from the top end, and the area of the elliptical cross section of the bone preparation assembly 130 surrounded by the three cutting blades 132 is gradually increased. Big. Because during the bone preparation process, once the direction of travel of the bone preparation assembly 130 is offset, if the outer surface is covered with the cutting blade 132, the subsequent cutting blade 132 will cut the bone around the bone and eventually generate Oval bone Make an impact.
进一步，骨道制备组件130和连接杆120之间呈特定角度连接。如图4。因为制备骨道是在暗中进行，是无法直接观察到的。当骨道制备组件130和连接杆120呈一条直线时，因为骨关节处骨表面具有一定弧度，骨道制备组件130可能无法到达最优的骨道制备位置，当骨道制备组件130和连接杆120之间设置特定角度时，可使骨道制备组件130到达最优的骨道制备位置。Further, the bone preparation assembly 130 and the connecting rod 120 are connected at a specific angle. As shown in Figure 4. Because the preparation of the bone is carried out in the dark, it cannot be directly observed. When the bone preparation assembly 130 and the connecting rod 120 are in a straight line, because the bone surface at the bone joint has a certain curvature, the bone preparation assembly 130 may not be able to reach the optimal bone preparation position, when the bone preparation assembly 130 and the connecting rod When a particular angle is set between 120, the bone preparation assembly 130 can be brought to an optimal bone preparation position.
进一步，还包括一骨道测量装置140，骨道测量装置140为具有一贯通的椭圆形内腔的立方体结构，具有多种不同型号的椭圆内腔面积。且任一骨道测量装置140的椭圆形内腔的截面都有与骨道制备装置100其中之一者的骨道制备组件130的横截面相同，骨道测量装置140通过测量待重建的韧带的横截面积以确待使用的骨道制备装置100。Further, a bone measuring device 140 is included. The bone measuring device 140 is a cubic structure having a penetrating elliptical lumen having a plurality of different types of elliptical lumen areas. And the cross section of the elliptical lumen of any of the bone measurement devices 140 is the same as the cross section of the bone preparation assembly 130 of one of the bone preparation devices 100, and the bone measurement device 140 measures the ligament to be reconstructed. The cross-sectional area is to be used for the bone preparation device 100 to be used.
在本实施方式中，骨道测量装置140的立方体结构为圆柱体，且在圆柱体的外部侧面设置螺纹以增大摩擦。如图5所示。In the present embodiment, the cubic structure of the bone measuring device 140 is a cylinder, and threads are provided on the outer side of the cylinder to increase friction. As shown in Figure 5.
进一步，还包括一骨道方向固定针150，在通过电钻钻取圆形骨道后，将骨道方向固定针150一侧伸入该骨道内固定，且与圆形骨道的延伸方向一致。将另一侧从骨道制备组件130底端开口处伸入，穿过骨道制备组件130的腔体及连接杆120内部，从敲击平面111伸出，以固定骨道的方向。Further, a bone direction fixing pin 150 is further included. After the circular bone path is drilled by the electric drill, the side of the bone direction fixing pin 150 is inserted into the bone path to be fixed, and is consistent with the extending direction of the circular bone. The other side is inserted from the bottom opening of the bone preparation assembly 130, through the cavity of the bone preparation assembly 130 and the interior of the connecting rod 120, extending from the striking plane 111 to fix the direction of the bone.
进一步，还包括一滑锤160，滑锤用于通过敲击的敲击部位110，以使骨道制备装置进入或脱离待制备骨道。Further, a slide hammer 160 is also included, which is used to strike the site 110 by tapping to cause the bone preparation device to enter or exit the bone to be prepared.
区别于现有技术，本发明的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备装置，用于制备前交叉韧带重建时的骨道，包括：敲击部位、连接杆和骨道制备组件；骨道制备组件是横截面为椭圆形、纵截面为U型的柱状体，用于骨道的制备；U型截面的开口端连接连接杆的一端，连接杆的另一端连接敲击部位，敲击部位提供一敲击平面，敲击平面垂直于连接杆的延伸方向。通过本发明，能够为前交叉韧带重建制备椭圆形的骨道，符合重建前交叉韧带的材料的形状，利于提高重建前交叉韧带的性能，有助于患者的术后康复。 Different from the prior art, a bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the present invention is used for preparing a bone trajectory during reconstruction of an anterior cruciate ligament, comprising: a striking site, a connecting rod and a bone preparation component; The channel preparation component is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section for preparation of a bone track; the open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the striking part, and tapping The portion provides a striking plane that is perpendicular to the direction in which the connecting rod extends. Through the invention, the elliptical bone can be prepared for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, which conforms to the shape of the material of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament, and is beneficial to improving the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributing to the postoperative rehabilitation of the patient.
参阅图6，图6是本发明提供的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备方法的实施方式的流程示意图。该方法的步骤包括：Referring to FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a bone for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided by the present invention. The steps of the method include:
S210：提供一韧带截面测量装置，测量韧带的横截面积。S210: A ligament section measuring device is provided to measure the cross-sectional area of the ligament.
骨道测量尺为具有一贯通的椭圆形内腔的立方体结构，具有多种不同型号的椭圆内腔面积。且任一骨道测量尺椭圆形内腔的截面都有与骨道制备装置其中之一者的骨道制备组件的横截面相同，骨道测量尺通过测量待重建的韧带的横截面积以确待使用的骨道制备装置。The bone measurement ruler is a cubic structure having a penetrating elliptical lumen with a plurality of different types of elliptical lumen areas. And the cross section of the elliptical lumen of any of the bone measurement gauges is the same as the cross section of the bone preparation assembly of one of the bone preparation devices, and the bone measuring tape determines the cross-sectional area of the ligament to be reconstructed. The bone preparation device to be used.
S220：选择使用骨道制备组件横截面积与所述韧带横截面积相同或基本相同的骨道制备装置进行制备骨道。S220: Selecting a bone preparation device using a bone preparation component having a cross-sectional area equal to or substantially the same as a cross-sectional area of the ligament to prepare a bone.
在步骤S210中获取用于前交叉韧带重建的肌腱的横截面，即将预先准备好的肌腱伸入到该骨道测量尺的内腔中，若与该内腔的截面相近或相同，则选定该型号的骨道测量尺对应的骨道制备装置进行制备骨道；反之，则更换合适型号的骨道测量尺对应的骨道制备装置进行制备骨道。Obtaining a cross section of the tendon for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in step S210, that is, the pre-prepared tendon is inserted into the lumen of the bone measuring ruler, and if it is close to or the same as the cross section of the lumen, the selected The bone preparation device corresponding to the bone measuring tape of the model performs the preparation of the bone track; otherwise, the bone preparation device corresponding to the appropriate type of the bone measuring tape is replaced to prepare the bone.
S230：提供一电钻，在待制备骨道的指定位置制得一面积接近韧带截面测量装置测量结果的圆形骨道。S230: Providing an electric drill to obtain a circular bone path close to the measurement result of the ligament cross-section measuring device at a specified position of the bone to be prepared.
使用电钻在预先设定的指定位置钻取一圆形骨道。Use a power drill to drill a circular bone at a predetermined location.
S240：将骨道制备装置U型截面的封闭端放置于圆形骨道上，通过一滑锤敲击骨道制备装置的敲击部位，使骨道制备装置的骨道制备组件从圆形骨道的位置进入骨，形成椭圆柱形骨道。S240: placing the closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation device on the circular bone, and striking the striking part of the bone preparation device by a hammer to make the bone preparation component of the bone preparation device from the circular bone The position enters the bone and forms an elliptical cylindrical bone.
将骨道制备组件的光滑凸起放置于圆形骨道内，通过一滑锤敲击骨道制备装置的敲击部位，通过骨道制备组件的光滑凸起对骨质的挤压作用，以及骨道制备组件表面的切割刀对骨质的切割作用，将圆形骨道改造成为更符合前交叉韧带形状的椭圆形骨道。将肌腱填充进入椭圆形骨道后利于提高重建前交叉韧带的性能，有助于患者的术后康复。The smooth protrusion of the bone preparation assembly is placed in a circular bone, the striking portion of the bone preparation device is struck by a slide hammer, the squeezing action on the bone by the smooth protrusion of the bone preparation component, and the bone The cutting blade on the surface of the preparation component cuts the bone and transforms the circular bone into an elliptical bone that is more in line with the shape of the anterior cruciate ligament. Filling the tendon into the elliptical bone facilitates the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributes to the postoperative recovery of the patient.
区别于现有技术，本发明的一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备方法，用于制备前交叉韧带重建时的骨道，包括：提供一骨道测量尺，测量韧带的横截面积；选择使用骨道制备组件横截面积与韧带横截面积相同或基本相同的骨道制备装置进行制备骨道；提供一电钻，在待制备骨道的指定位置制得一圆形骨道；将骨道制备装置U型截面的封闭端放置 于圆形骨道上，通过一滑锤敲击骨道制备装置的敲击部位，使骨道制备装置的骨道制备组件从圆形骨道的位置进入骨，形成椭圆形骨道。通过本发明，能够为前交叉韧带重建制备椭圆形的骨道，符合重建前交叉韧带的生理形态，利于提高重建前交叉韧带的性能，有助于患者术后膝关节功能的恢复。Different from the prior art, a bone preparation method for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction of the present invention is used for preparing a bone trajectory during reconstruction of an anterior cruciate ligament, comprising: providing a bone measuring ruler and measuring a cross-sectional area of the ligament Selecting a bone preparation device that uses the same or substantially the same cross-sectional area as the ligament cross-sectional area of the bone preparation component to prepare the bone; providing an electric drill to prepare a circular bone at a designated position of the bone to be prepared; The closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation device is placed On the circular bone, the striking portion of the bone preparation device is struck by a slide hammer, and the bone preparation assembly of the bone preparation device enters the bone from the position of the circular bone to form an elliptical bone. Through the invention, the elliptical bone can be prepared for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, which conforms to the physiological shape of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament, and is beneficial to improving the performance of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament and contributing to the recovery of the knee joint function after the operation.
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。 The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformations made by the description of the invention and the drawings are directly or indirectly applied to other related technologies. The fields are all included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (14)

  1. 一种用于前交叉韧带重建的股骨端骨道制备装置，用于制备前交叉韧带重建时的股骨端骨道，其特征在于，包括：敲击部位、连接杆和骨道制备组件；A femoral end bone preparation device for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which is used for preparing a femoral end bone tract during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and is characterized in that: a striking part, a connecting rod and a bone preparation assembly;
    其中，所述骨道制备组件是横截面为椭圆形、纵截面为U型的柱状体，用于骨道的制备；U型截面的开口端连接所述连接杆的一端，所述连接杆的另一端连接所述敲击部位，所述敲击部位提供一敲击平面，所述敲击平面垂直于所述连接杆的延伸方向。Wherein the bone preparation assembly is a columnar body having an elliptical cross section and a U-shaped longitudinal section for preparation of a bone; the open end of the U-shaped section is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is The other end is connected to the striking portion, and the striking portion provides a striking plane that is perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting rod.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述骨道制备装置的连接杆通过一体成形的方式与所述敲击部位和骨道制备组件连接。The bone tract preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod of the bone tract preparation device is coupled to the striking portion and the bone preparation assembly by an integrally formed manner.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述骨道制备装置的连接杆、敲击部位和所述骨道制备组件一体成型。The bone tract preparation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod, the striking portion, and the bone tract preparation unit of the bone tract preparation device are integrally formed.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述敲击部位连接一方向参照组件，所述方向参照组件用于对敲击所述敲击部位时，所述骨道制备组件行进方向的变化情况提供参照。The bone canal preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the tapping portion is connected to a direction reference component, and the direction reference component is configured to: when the tapping portion is tapped, the bone preparation assembly A reference is made to the change in the direction of travel.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述骨道制备组件内部设置一贯通的腔体，所述连接杆内部中空，且与所述骨道制备组件内部的腔体连通。The bone preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the bone preparation assembly is internally provided with a through cavity, the connecting rod is hollow inside and is connected to a cavity inside the bone preparation assembly. .
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述连接杆杆体中部设置一排出孔。The bone tract preparation device according to claim 5, wherein a discharge hole is disposed in a middle portion of the connecting rod body.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述骨道制备组件外表面设置若干切割刀，所述切割刀的刀刃向所述骨道制备组件的外侧延伸，呈椭圆状围绕所述骨道制备组件的横截面设置，所述刀刃朝向所述U型结构的封闭端。The bone preparation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of cutting blades are disposed on an outer surface of the bone preparation assembly, and a cutting edge of the cutting blade extends to an outer side of the bone preparation assembly to form an elliptical shape. The cross-section of the bone preparation assembly is disposed with the cutting edge facing the closed end of the U-shaped structure.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述骨道制备组件外表面从所述U型截面的封闭端向所述开口端设置3个所述切割 刀。The bone preparation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the outer surface of the bone preparation assembly is provided with three of the cuts from the closed end of the U-shaped section toward the open end Knife.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述骨道制备组件和所述连接杆之间呈特定角度进行连接。The bone tract preparation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said bone preparation assembly and said connecting rod are connected at a specific angle.
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，还包括一韧带截面测量装置，所述韧带截面测量装置为具有一贯通的椭圆形内腔的立方体结构，且任一所述韧带截面测量装置的所述椭圆形内腔的截面与所述骨道制备装置其中之一者的骨道制备组件的横截面相同，所述韧带截面测量装置通过测量待重建的韧带的横截面积以确认待使用的骨道制备装置。The bone tract preparation device according to claim 1, further comprising a ligament section measuring device, wherein the ligament section measuring device is a cubic structure having a penetrating elliptical lumen, and any of the ligament sections The cross section of the elliptical lumen of the measuring device is the same as the cross section of the bone preparation assembly of one of the bone preparation devices, the ligament section measuring device confirming by measuring the cross sectional area of the ligament to be reconstructed The bone preparation device to be used.
  11. 根据权利要求12所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，所述骨道测量装置的外部侧面设置螺纹以增大摩擦。The bone tract preparation apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the outer side surface of the bone measurement device is provided with a thread to increase friction.
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，还包括骨道方向导针，所述骨道方向导针从所述骨道制备装置的连接杆的一端***，穿过所述连接杆内部及所述骨道制备组件的腔体，从所述骨道制备组件U型截面的封闭端伸出，所述骨道方向固定针固定于待制备骨道的位置，以确定骨道的延伸方向。The bone tract preparation device according to claim 1, further comprising a bone direction guide pin inserted from one end of the connecting rod of the bone tract preparation device through the connection a cavity inside the rod and the bone preparation assembly, extending from a closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation assembly, the bone direction fixing needle being fixed at a position of the bone to be prepared to determine the bone path Extend the direction.
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的骨道制备装置，其特征在于，还包括滑锤，所述滑锤用于通过敲击所述骨道制备装置的敲击部位，以使所述骨道制备装置进入或脱离待制备骨道的骨。The bone preparation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a slide hammer for causing the bone preparation device to enter by tapping a tapping portion of the bone preparation device Or the bone of the bone to be prepared.
  14. 一种用于前交叉韧带重建的骨道制备方法，使用如权利要求1-15所述的骨道制备装置进行制备，其特征在于，包括：A method for preparing a bone for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, which is prepared by using the bone preparation device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which comprises:
    提供一韧带截面测量装置，测量所述韧带的横截面积；Providing a ligament section measuring device for measuring a cross-sectional area of the ligament;
    选择使用骨道制备组件横截面积与所述韧带横截面积相同或基本相同的骨道制备装置进行制备骨道；Selecting a bone preparation device using a bone preparation device having a cross-sectional area of the bone preparation component that is the same or substantially the same as the cross-sectional area of the ligament;
    提供一电钻，在待制备骨道的指定位置制得一面积接近韧带截面测量装置测量结果的圆形骨道；Providing an electric drill to prepare a circular bone path close to the measurement result of the ligament cross-section measuring device at a designated position of the bone to be prepared;
    将所述骨道制备装置U型截面的封闭端放置于所述圆形骨道上，通过一滑锤敲击所述骨道制备装置的敲击部位，使所述骨道制备装置的骨道制备组件从所述圆形骨道的位置进入骨，形成椭圆柱形骨道。 Positioning the closed end of the U-shaped section of the bone preparation device on the circular bone, and striking the tapping portion of the bone preparation device by a hammer to make the bone preparation of the bone preparation device The component enters the bone from the position of the circular bone to form an elliptical cylindrical bone.
PCT/CN2016/100611 2016-09-28 2016-09-28 Device and method for preparing bone tunnel for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction WO2018058377A1 (en)

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JPH10216138A (en) * 1997-02-03 1998-08-18 Ikushi Yamada Notch reamer
US6540752B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2003-04-01 Greg Hicken Threaded bone tunnel dilator
US20060155290A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2006-07-13 Konsei Shino Instrument for reconstructing ligament and method of reconstructing ligament
CN201153981Y (en) * 2007-09-07 2008-11-26 朱国云 Hollow drill
CN202104979U (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-01-11 徐苗 Bone core collecting drill
CN103340681A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-09 四川大学华西医院 Tibia grooving machine for full arthroscopic Inlay reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament
CN203252688U (en) * 2013-05-14 2013-10-30 潘海乐 Hollow trepan for cruciate ligament reconstruction

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10216138A (en) * 1997-02-03 1998-08-18 Ikushi Yamada Notch reamer
US6540752B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2003-04-01 Greg Hicken Threaded bone tunnel dilator
US20060155290A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2006-07-13 Konsei Shino Instrument for reconstructing ligament and method of reconstructing ligament
CN201153981Y (en) * 2007-09-07 2008-11-26 朱国云 Hollow drill
CN202104979U (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-01-11 徐苗 Bone core collecting drill
CN203252688U (en) * 2013-05-14 2013-10-30 潘海乐 Hollow trepan for cruciate ligament reconstruction
CN103340681A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-09 四川大学华西医院 Tibia grooving machine for full arthroscopic Inlay reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament

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