WO2018054327A1 - Evacuated heat collecting tube, manufacturing method therefor, and solar thermal power station - Google Patents

Evacuated heat collecting tube, manufacturing method therefor, and solar thermal power station Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018054327A1
WO2018054327A1 PCT/CN2017/102688 CN2017102688W WO2018054327A1 WO 2018054327 A1 WO2018054327 A1 WO 2018054327A1 CN 2017102688 W CN2017102688 W CN 2017102688W WO 2018054327 A1 WO2018054327 A1 WO 2018054327A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
metal tube
heat collecting
metal
vacuum heat
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PCT/CN2017/102688
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘阳
李维
梁双荣
俞志强
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北京兆阳光热技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018054327A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018054327A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/72—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits being integrated in a block; the tubular conduits touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/03—Arrangements for heat transfer optimization
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation equipment, and particularly relates to a vacuum heat collecting tube and a tower solar thermal power station and a Fresnel solar thermal power station using the vacuum heat collecting tube.
  • Solar thermal power generation is an important technical way to develop and utilize solar energy on a large scale. It reflects light through a mirror to a heat collector and heats the working fluid, and then uses a thermal working fluid to drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the heat collecting tube that constitutes the collector plays an important role, and its thermal performance and reliability directly determine the efficiency and operation and maintenance cost of the entire solar thermal power generation system.
  • the present invention provides a vacuum heat collecting tube, which can solve the bending of the metal tube caused by the uneven temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube in the vacuum heat collecting tube, and the temperature difference between the outer wall temperature of the metal tube and the heat transfer medium is large, resulting in the metal tube
  • the coating is prone to aging problems.
  • a vacuum heat collecting tube comprising a glass sleeve and a metal tube; the metal tube is disposed in the glass a vacuum barrier is formed between the glass sleeve and the metal tube; at least one inner tube is disposed in the inner cavity of the metal tube; between the inner tube and the metal tube The cavity is filled with a heat conductor having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the metal tube.
  • the application also provides a method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube, which is a vacuum heat collecting tube as described above, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 respectively preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube, and a heat conductor
  • Step 2 sealing the glass sleeve to the outside of the metal tube
  • Step 3 the heat conductor is installed outside the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after the cold drawing is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the metal tube;
  • Step 4 heating the metal tube to thermally expand the metal tube, inserting the heat conductor into the expanded metal tube, and then cooling the metal tube to make the metal tube and the heat conductor have an interference fit.
  • the application also provides a method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube, which is a vacuum heat collecting tube as described above, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 respectively preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube, and a heat conductor
  • Step 2 sealing the glass sleeve to the outside of the metal tube
  • Step 3 the heat conductor is installed outside the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after the cold drawing is smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube;
  • step 4 the heat conductor is inserted into the metal tube, the solder is filled in the gap between the metal tube and the heat conductor, and the solder is heated to melt the solder and connect the metal tube and the heat conductor.
  • the present application also provides a tower type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the tower type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of the above.
  • the present application further provides a Fresnel-type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the Fresnel-type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of the above.
  • the present application further provides a trough type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the trough type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of the above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum heat collecting tube according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum heat collecting tube having one inner tube
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum heat collecting tube having a plurality of inner tubes.
  • the heat collecting tube is composed of a metal tube with a selective absorption coating, a glass tube with an anti-reflection film, and a vacuum barrier disposed between the metal tube and the glass tube.
  • the higher the magnification of the reflector to reflect the light to the collector the higher the wall temperature of the collector and the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the metal tube. Accordingly, the temperature of the heat transfer medium acting on the turbine is higher.
  • the efficiency of power generation in solar thermal power generation is higher. Therefore, in order to obtain higher power generation efficiency, the higher the magnification of the mirror reflected to the heat collecting tube, the better.
  • the heat collecting tube is in use, the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube is not uniform due to the uneven position of the light irradiation from the reflecting device, and the higher the magnification of the mirror, the higher temperature side of the metal tube and the lower temperature. The temperature difference on the side will be greater.
  • the higher the magnification of the reflector reflected to the heat collecting tube the difference between the wall surface temperature of the heat collecting tube and the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the metal tube increases, and the larger the temperature difference, the more easily the coating on the metal tube ages, thereby affecting The service life of the vacuum collector tube.
  • the present application provides a vacuum heat collecting tube.
  • the vacuum heat collecting tube uses a high-magnification mirror, the temperature distribution of the metal outer wall in the heat collecting tube can be made uniform, and the temperature difference between the outer wall of the metal tube and the heat transfer medium in the metal tube can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum heat collecting tube according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vacuum heat collecting tube includes a glass sleeve 4 and a metal tube 1; the metal tube 1 is disposed inside the glass sleeve 4, and a vacuum barrier is formed between the glass sleeve 4 and the metal tube 1.
  • the outer wall of the glass tube is coated with an anti-reflection film.
  • At least one inner tube 2 is also disposed in the inner cavity of the metal tube 1.
  • the metal pipe 1 is made of a metal material having a high compressive strength, such as a stainless steel pipe or an alloy steel pipe.
  • the coating of the outer wall of the metal tube 1 is a selective absorption coating.
  • the inner tube 2 is a ceramic tube, a stainless steel tube, an alloy steel tube, a stainless steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic, or an alloy steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic.
  • the cavity between the inner tube 2 and the metal tube 1 is filled with a heat conductor 3 having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the metal tube.
  • the heat conductor 3 may be copper, aluminum, an alloy containing copper, an alloy containing aluminum, or a ceramic.
  • the metal pipe 1 is for absorbing solar energy; the inside of the inner pipe 2 is circulated with a heat transfer medium. After the metal pipe 1 absorbs the solar energy, the metal pipe 1, the heat conductor 3 and the inner pipe 2 are both in a high temperature state, and the heat transfer medium exchanges heat with the inner pipe 2, and the heat transfer medium absorbs heat energy to heat up and remove heat.
  • the heat conductive material is filled in the cavity of the metal pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2.
  • the heat conductor 3 quickly conducts the temperature of the high temperature portion to the temperature.
  • the low portion is such that the wall surface temperature distribution of the outer wall of the metal pipe 1 is relatively uniform, thereby avoiding the problem that the metal pipe 1 is bent toward the lower temperature side during use.
  • the inner cavity of the metal pipe 1 is filled with a heat conductor, and the thermal conductivity of the heat conductor 3 is superior to that of the metal pipe 1, and the metal pipe 1 in this embodiment has a better heat transfer coefficient than that of the single metal pipe 1.
  • the temperature of the outer wall of the metal can be transmitted to the heat transfer medium in the metal pipe more quickly, thereby lowering the temperature of the outer wall of the metal pipe 1, delaying the aging of the coating on the metal pipe 1, and further improving the use of the vacuum heat collecting tube. life.
  • the number of inner tubes should be selected according to the type of the photothermal power plant.
  • the number of the inner tubes 2 is preferably one, so that the flow area in the inner tube 2 is large, and the amount of the heat transfer medium that is introduced is large, which is advantageous for absorbing more heat.
  • the inner tube 2 is disposed inside the metal tube 1, and preferably, the axis of the inner tube 2 coincides with the axis of the metal tube.
  • the number of the inner tubes 2 is preferably two or more, and is evenly arranged in the metal tube 1, so that the flow area in the inner tube 2 is reduced relative to a single root, and the heat transfer can be increased accordingly.
  • the velocity of the medium which in turn causes the heat transfer medium to absorb heat more quickly through heat exchange to lower the temperature of the metal tube 1.
  • the number of the inner tubes 2 is 4 to 15, and the number of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is 8. It should be noted that, in the present application, the number of inner tubes is not specifically limited, and the number of inner tubes can be adaptively adjusted according to actual production conditions.
  • the inner tube 2 is arranged in an annular shape inside the metal tube 1, and the heat conductor 3 surrounding the inner tube 2 has a cavity 5 parallel to the axial direction of the metal tube. .
  • the cavity can be used to circulate the heat transfer medium, and the heat transfer medium is heated by the absorbed heat, thereby saving the consumables of the heat conductor 3 and reducing the cost.
  • the cavity is used to mount a sensor, such as a thermal sensor, to monitor the temperature state inside the collector tube.
  • the inner tube is a ceramic tube, a stainless steel tube, an alloy steel tube, a stainless steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic, or an alloy steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic;
  • the heat conductor is copper, aluminum, an alloy containing copper or An alloy containing aluminum.
  • the metal tube can be lowered.
  • the temperature difference on the side, the heat on the higher side of the metal tube is more easily transferred to the lower temperature side, making the surface temperature of the metal tube more uniform, avoiding the bending of the metal tube to the lower temperature side during use. problem.
  • the wall surface temperature of the heat collecting tube is lowered, the aging speed of the coating on the metal tube is delayed, and the service life of the vacuum heat collecting tube is further improved.
  • the following two methods for producing the vacuum heat collecting tube are proposed:
  • the first method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 respectively preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube and a heat conductor, wherein the heat conductor is tubular, and the inner diameter of the heat conductor is larger than the inner tube.
  • step 2 the glass sleeve is sealingly connected to the outside of the metal tube.
  • Step 3 mounting the heat conductor to the outside of the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after the cold drawing is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the metal tube.
  • Step 4 heating the metal tube to thermally expand the metal tube, inserting the heat conductor into the expanded metal tube, and then cooling the metal tube to interfere with the metal tube and the heat conductor Cooperate.
  • the interference fit refers to the fit of the interference.
  • the mating state of two or more parts can be roughly divided into many levels such as sliding fit, transition fit and tight fit.
  • the interference fit is one of the tight fits, that is to say, the shaft diameter (key width) of the pair is larger than the aperture (keyway), which must be squeezed in with special tools, or the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction will be used.
  • the hole (keyway) is heated, the aperture of the crucible is enlarged, and it is quickly placed on the shaft. After cooling and shrinking, the two parts are tightly integrated.
  • the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the above metal tube are utilized to achieve an interference fit between the metal tube and the heat conductor to be integrated after being cooled.
  • the second vacuum collecting tube production method comprises the following steps:
  • step 1 a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube, and a heat conductor are separately prepared.
  • step 2 the glass sleeve is sealingly connected to the outside of the metal tube.
  • Step 3 mounting the heat conductor to the outside of the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after cold drawing is smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube.
  • Step 4 inserting the heat conductor into the metal tube, filling a gap between the metal tube and the heat conductor with a solder, heating the solder to melt the solder and connecting the metal a tube and the heat conductor.
  • the present application also provides a Fresnel-type solar thermal power station, and the vacuum heat collecting tube of the Fresnel-type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the conventional heat collecting tube applied to the Fresnel type solar thermal power station has a metal tube outer diameter of usually 70 to 90 mm and a glass sleeve outer diameter of 115 to 125 mm.
  • the disadvantage of the heat collecting tube is that the diameter of the vacuum collecting tube is small, and the control precision of the concentrating system is high. In order to reduce the control precision of the concentrating system, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the collecting pipe.
  • the metal pipe Since the metal pipe needs to bear the steam pressure, it is necessary to increase the wall thickness at the same time when increasing the diameter of the metal pipe.
  • the thicker the wall of the metal tube the lower the heat transfer coefficient.
  • the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube In order to obtain the set temperature parameter, the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube needs to be greatly increased. When the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube is high and the wall thickness is large, there is a background technology. The issues involved in this.
  • the wall thickness of the metal tube can be reduced by inserting the inner tube into the inner cavity of the metal tube, and the temperature of the high temperature portion can be quickly transmitted to the low temperature portion through the heat conductor, thereby making the metal
  • the wall surface temperature distribution of the outer wall of the pipe is uniform, and the temperature of the outer wall of the metal can be transmitted to the heat transfer medium in the metal pipe more quickly, so that when the high-magnification photothermal heat is obtained, the bending of the metal pipe during use and the metal can be reduced.
  • the problem of coating aging on the tube further improves the thermal performance and reliability of the collector tube in the Fresnel solar thermal power station.
  • the heat transfer medium can be a molten salt, water or oil.
  • the present application also provides a tower or trough type solar thermal power station, and the vacuum heat collecting tube of the tower type or trough type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the vacuum heat collecting tube in the embodiment is used in the tower type solar thermal power station, and the vacuum partition layer can reduce the heat loss of the heat collecting tube and improve the utilization rate of the light energy.
  • the metal tube since the metal tube is no longer directly exposed to the air, its life can be greatly extended.
  • the heat collecting tube has the above-mentioned vacuum heat collecting tube, and the temperature of the metal outer wall of the heat collecting tube can be transmitted to the heat medium in the metal tube more quickly, the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube is lowered, and the aging speed of the metal tube coating is delayed. Excellent characteristics.

Abstract

An evacuated heat collecting tube, a manufacturing method, and a solar thermal power station, comprising a glass sleeve tube (4) and a metal tube (1). The metal tube (1) is arranged within the glass sleeve tube (4). An evacuated insulation layer is formed between the glass sleeve tube (4) and the metal tube (1). At least one inner tube (2) is arranged in the cavity of the metal tube (1). The cavity between the inner tube (2) and the metal tube (1) is filled with a thermal conductor (3) of which the thermal conductivity is greater than the thermal conductivity of the metal tube. The heat collecting tube reduces the temperature difference between either sides of the metal tube (1), thus allowing the surface temperature of the metal tube (1) to be more uniform, and at the same time reduces the wall surface temperature of the heat collecting tube, thus reducing the rate at which a coating on the metal tube (1) ages, and further increasing the service life of the evacuated heat collecting tube.

Description

一种真空集热管、其生产方法和太阳能光热电站Vacuum heat collecting tube, production method thereof and solar thermal power station
本申请要求于2016年09月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610851495.8、发明名称为“一种真空集热管生产方法和太阳能光热电站”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201610851495.8, entitled "A Vacuum Heat Pipe Production Method and Solar Photothermal Power Plant" on September 26, 2016, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Combined in this application.
技术领域Technical field
本申请属于太阳能光热发电设备技术领域，特别是涉及一种真空集热管及使用该真空集热管的塔式太阳能光热电站和菲涅尔式太阳能光热电站。The present application belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation equipment, and particularly relates to a vacuum heat collecting tube and a tower solar thermal power station and a Fresnel solar thermal power station using the vacuum heat collecting tube.
背景background
太阳能热发电是大规模开发利用太阳能的一项重要技术途径，它通过反射镜将光线反射至集热器并加热工质，进而利用热工质驱动发电机发电。在将太阳能转换成热能的过程中，构成集热器的集热管扮演着重要的角色，其热性能和可靠性直接决定了整个太阳能热发电***的效率和运维成本。Solar thermal power generation is an important technical way to develop and utilize solar energy on a large scale. It reflects light through a mirror to a heat collector and heats the working fluid, and then uses a thermal working fluid to drive the generator to generate electricity. In the process of converting solar energy into heat energy, the heat collecting tube that constitutes the collector plays an important role, and its thermal performance and reliability directly determine the efficiency and operation and maintenance cost of the entire solar thermal power generation system.
技术内容Technical content
本申请提供一种真空集热管，可以解决真空集热管中由于金属管外壁温度不均匀导致的金属管产生弯曲，以及金属管的外壁温度与传热介质的温度差异较大，导致金属管上的镀膜容易老化的问题。The present invention provides a vacuum heat collecting tube, which can solve the bending of the metal tube caused by the uneven temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube in the vacuum heat collecting tube, and the temperature difference between the outer wall temperature of the metal tube and the heat transfer medium is large, resulting in the metal tube The coating is prone to aging problems.
本申请实施例的技术方案如下：The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
一种真空集热管，包括玻璃套管和金属管；所述金属管设置在玻 璃套管内部，所述玻璃套管与所述金属管之间形成真空隔层；所述金属管的内腔中还布置有至少一根内管；所述内管与所述金属管之间的空腔填充有导热系数大于金属管导热系数的导热体。A vacuum heat collecting tube comprising a glass sleeve and a metal tube; the metal tube is disposed in the glass a vacuum barrier is formed between the glass sleeve and the metal tube; at least one inner tube is disposed in the inner cavity of the metal tube; between the inner tube and the metal tube The cavity is filled with a heat conductor having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the metal tube.
本申请还提供一种真空集热管的生产方法，所述真空集热管为如上所述的真空集热管，该方法包括以下步骤：The application also provides a method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube, which is a vacuum heat collecting tube as described above, the method comprising the following steps:
步骤1，分别制备玻璃套管、金属管、内管以及导热体； Step 1, respectively preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube, and a heat conductor;
步骤2，将玻璃套管密封连接到金属管的外部； Step 2, sealing the glass sleeve to the outside of the metal tube;
步骤3，利用冷拉工艺将导热体安装到内管外；冷拉后的导热体的外径大于等于金属管的内径； Step 3, the heat conductor is installed outside the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after the cold drawing is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the metal tube;
步骤4，加热金属管使金属管受热膨胀，将导热体***膨胀后的金属管，然后冷却金属管使金属管与导热体过盈配合。Step 4: heating the metal tube to thermally expand the metal tube, inserting the heat conductor into the expanded metal tube, and then cooling the metal tube to make the metal tube and the heat conductor have an interference fit.
本申请还提供一种真空集热管的生产方法，所述真空集热管为如上所述的真空集热管，该方法包括以下步骤：The application also provides a method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube, which is a vacuum heat collecting tube as described above, the method comprising the following steps:
步骤1，分别制备玻璃套管、金属管、内管以及导热体； Step 1, respectively preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube, and a heat conductor;
步骤2，将玻璃套管密封连接到金属管的外部； Step 2, sealing the glass sleeve to the outside of the metal tube;
步骤3，利用冷拉工艺将导热体安装到内管外；冷拉后的导热体的外径小于金属管的内径； Step 3, the heat conductor is installed outside the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after the cold drawing is smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube;
步骤4，将导热体***金属管，在金属管与导热体之间的间隙内填充钎料，加热钎料使钎料熔化并连接金属管与导热体。In step 4, the heat conductor is inserted into the metal tube, the solder is filled in the gap between the metal tube and the heat conductor, and the solder is heated to melt the solder and connect the metal tube and the heat conductor.
本申请还提供一种塔式太阳能光热电站，所述塔式光热电站的真空集热管为如上任一项所述的真空集热管。The present application also provides a tower type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the tower type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of the above.
本申请还提供一种菲涅尔式太阳能光热电站，所述菲涅尔式光热电站的真空集热管为如上任一项所述的真空集热管。The present application further provides a Fresnel-type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the Fresnel-type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of the above.
本申请还提供一种槽式太阳能光热电站，所述槽式光热电站的真空集热管为如上任一项所述的真空集热管。 The present application further provides a trough type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the trough type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of the above.
附图简要说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
通过结合以下附图所作的详细描述，本申请的上述和/或其他方面和优点将变得更清楚和更容易理解，这些附图只是示意性的，并不限制本申请，其中：The above and/or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the appended claims.
图1为本申请一种实施例的真空集热管的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum heat collecting tube according to an embodiment of the present application;
图2为内管数量为一根的真空集热管的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum heat collecting tube having one inner tube;
图3为内管数量为多根的真空集热管的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum heat collecting tube having a plurality of inner tubes.
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：In the drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:
1、金属管，2、内管，3、导热体，4、玻璃套管，5、空腔。1, metal tube, 2, inner tube, 3, heat conductor, 4, glass casing, 5, cavity.
具体实施方式detailed description
在下文中，将参照附图描述本申请的真空集热管的实施例。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the vacuum heat collecting tube of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.
在此记载的实施例为本申请的特定的具体实施方式，用于说明本申请的构思，均是解释性和示例性的，不应解释为对本申请实施方式及本申请范围的限制。除在此记载的实施例外，本领域技术人员还能够基于本申请权利要求书和说明书所公开的内容采用显而易见的其它技术方案，这些技术方案包括采用对在此记载的实施例的做出任何显而易见的替换和修改的技术方案。The embodiments described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In addition to the implementations described herein, those skilled in the art will be able to devise other obvious technical solutions based on the disclosure of the present application and the specification, which includes any obvious use of the embodiments described herein. Replacement and modification of the technical solution.
本说明书的附图为示意图，辅助说明本申请的构思，示意性地表示各部分的形状及其相互关系。请注意，为了便于清楚地表现出本申请实施例的各部件的结构，各附图之间并未按照相同的比例绘制。相同的参考标记用于表示相同的部分。The drawings of the present specification are schematic diagrams, which assist in explaining the concept of the present application, and schematically show the shapes of the respective parts and their mutual relations. It is noted that, in order to facilitate the clarity of the structure of the components of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings are not drawn to the same scale. The same reference numerals are used to denote the same parts.
如前所述，构成集热器的集热管扮演着重要的角色，其热性能和可靠性直接决定了整个太阳能热发电***的效率和运维成本。典型的 集热管由以下几个部分组成：带选择性吸收镀膜的金属管、带增透膜的玻璃套管、以及设置在金属管与玻璃套管之间的真空隔层。As mentioned above, the heat collecting tubes constituting the collector play an important role, and the thermal performance and reliability directly determine the efficiency and operation and maintenance cost of the entire solar thermal power generation system. typical The heat collecting tube is composed of a metal tube with a selective absorption coating, a glass tube with an anti-reflection film, and a vacuum barrier disposed between the metal tube and the glass tube.
太阳能光热发电中，反射镜将光线反射至集热管的倍率越高，集热管的壁面温度及金属管内传热介质的温度就越高，相应地，作用于汽轮机的传热介质温度就越高，则太阳能光热发电中的发电效率就越高。因此为了获得较高的发电效率，反射镜反射至集热管的倍率越高越好。而集热管在使用过程中，由于来自反射装置的光线照射位置不均匀导致金属管外壁的温度不均匀，反射镜的倍率越高时，金属管的温度较高的一侧与温度较低的一侧的温差就会越大。对于金属管，其具有的属性为温度越高的地方，受热膨胀越大。因此当金属管两不同侧的温差较大时，温度高的部位膨胀较明显，温度低的部位膨胀较弱，则金属管中膨胀较明显的部位向膨胀较弱的部位产生弯曲，温差越大，金属管弯曲部分的弯曲率就越大，严重时还会导致玻璃套管破裂损坏。In solar thermal power generation, the higher the magnification of the reflector to reflect the light to the collector, the higher the wall temperature of the collector and the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the metal tube. Accordingly, the temperature of the heat transfer medium acting on the turbine is higher. The efficiency of power generation in solar thermal power generation is higher. Therefore, in order to obtain higher power generation efficiency, the higher the magnification of the mirror reflected to the heat collecting tube, the better. When the heat collecting tube is in use, the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube is not uniform due to the uneven position of the light irradiation from the reflecting device, and the higher the magnification of the mirror, the higher temperature side of the metal tube and the lower temperature. The temperature difference on the side will be greater. For a metal tube, it has the property that the higher the temperature, the greater the thermal expansion. Therefore, when the temperature difference between the two different sides of the metal tube is large, the portion with a high temperature expands more obviously, and the portion with a lower temperature expands weakly, and the portion where the expansion of the metal tube is more obvious bends to a portion with a weaker expansion, and the temperature difference is larger. The bending rate of the bent portion of the metal pipe is larger, and in severe cases, the glass casing is broken and damaged.
同时，反射镜反射至集热管的倍率越高，集热管的壁面温度和金属管内传热介质的温度差就会增大，而该温差越大，金属管上的镀膜就越容易老化，进而影响真空集热管的使用寿命。At the same time, the higher the magnification of the reflector reflected to the heat collecting tube, the difference between the wall surface temperature of the heat collecting tube and the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the metal tube increases, and the larger the temperature difference, the more easily the coating on the metal tube ages, thereby affecting The service life of the vacuum collector tube.
因此，本申请提供一种真空集热管。所述真空集热管在使用高倍率反射镜时，能够使集热管中金属外壁的温度分布均匀，且能够降低金属管外壁与金属管内传热介质温度差。Accordingly, the present application provides a vacuum heat collecting tube. When the vacuum heat collecting tube uses a high-magnification mirror, the temperature distribution of the metal outer wall in the heat collecting tube can be made uniform, and the temperature difference between the outer wall of the metal tube and the heat transfer medium in the metal tube can be reduced.
图1示出本申请一种实施例的真空集热管的结构示意图。如图1所示，真空集热管包括玻璃套管4和金属管1；金属管1设置在玻璃套管4内部，玻璃套管4与金属管1之间形成真空隔层。在优选的实施例中，为了提高玻璃套管的透光性，玻璃管外壁涂覆增透膜。 FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum heat collecting tube according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the vacuum heat collecting tube includes a glass sleeve 4 and a metal tube 1; the metal tube 1 is disposed inside the glass sleeve 4, and a vacuum barrier is formed between the glass sleeve 4 and the metal tube 1. In a preferred embodiment, in order to increase the light transmission of the glass sleeve, the outer wall of the glass tube is coated with an anti-reflection film.
金属管1的内腔中还布置有至少一根内管2。在优选的实施例中，金属管1选用耐压强度较高的金属材料，如均为不锈钢管或合金钢管。在更优选的实施例中，为了提高金属管对光能的吸收，金属管1外壁的镀膜为选择性吸收镀膜。内管2为陶瓷管、不锈钢管、合金钢管、内壁为陶瓷的不锈钢管或内壁为陶瓷的合金钢管。内管2与金属管1之间的空腔填充有导热系数大于金属管导热系数的导热体3。导热体3可为铜、铝、含有铜的合金、含有铝的合金或陶瓷。At least one inner tube 2 is also disposed in the inner cavity of the metal tube 1. In a preferred embodiment, the metal pipe 1 is made of a metal material having a high compressive strength, such as a stainless steel pipe or an alloy steel pipe. In a more preferred embodiment, in order to increase the absorption of light energy by the metal tube, the coating of the outer wall of the metal tube 1 is a selective absorption coating. The inner tube 2 is a ceramic tube, a stainless steel tube, an alloy steel tube, a stainless steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic, or an alloy steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic. The cavity between the inner tube 2 and the metal tube 1 is filled with a heat conductor 3 having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the metal tube. The heat conductor 3 may be copper, aluminum, an alloy containing copper, an alloy containing aluminum, or a ceramic.
这里，金属管1用于吸收太阳能；内管2的内部流通有传热介质。当金属管1吸收太阳能以后，金属管1、导热体3以及内管2均处于高温状态，传热介质与内管2发生热交换，传热介质吸收热能升温，带走热量。Here, the metal pipe 1 is for absorbing solar energy; the inside of the inner pipe 2 is circulated with a heat transfer medium. After the metal pipe 1 absorbs the solar energy, the metal pipe 1, the heat conductor 3 and the inner pipe 2 are both in a high temperature state, and the heat transfer medium exchanges heat with the inner pipe 2, and the heat transfer medium absorbs heat energy to heat up and remove heat.
在上述真空集热管的实施例中，在金属管1与内管2的空腔内填充导热材料，当金属管1外壁的温度不均匀时，导热体3将温度高部位的温度快速传导至温度低的部位，从而使金属管1外壁的壁面温度分布较均匀，从而避免在使用过程中金属管1向温度较低一侧发生弯曲的问题。In the embodiment of the vacuum heat collecting tube, the heat conductive material is filled in the cavity of the metal pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2. When the temperature of the outer wall of the metal pipe 1 is not uniform, the heat conductor 3 quickly conducts the temperature of the high temperature portion to the temperature. The low portion is such that the wall surface temperature distribution of the outer wall of the metal pipe 1 is relatively uniform, thereby avoiding the problem that the metal pipe 1 is bent toward the lower temperature side during use.
同时金属管1内腔填充导热体，导热体3的导热性能优于金属管1，则相较于单根金属管1，本实施例中的金属管1具有更优的传热系数，在使用高倍率反射镜时，金属外壁的温度能够更快地传递给金属管内的传热介质，从而降低金属管1外壁的温度，延缓金属管1上的镀膜的老化，进一步提高了真空集热管的使用寿命。At the same time, the inner cavity of the metal pipe 1 is filled with a heat conductor, and the thermal conductivity of the heat conductor 3 is superior to that of the metal pipe 1, and the metal pipe 1 in this embodiment has a better heat transfer coefficient than that of the single metal pipe 1. In the case of high-magnification mirrors, the temperature of the outer wall of the metal can be transmitted to the heat transfer medium in the metal pipe more quickly, thereby lowering the temperature of the outer wall of the metal pipe 1, delaying the aging of the coating on the metal pipe 1, and further improving the use of the vacuum heat collecting tube. life.
上述实施例的真空集热管中，内管的数量应根据光热电站类型不同而进行优选数值的选择。In the vacuum heat collecting tubes of the above embodiments, the number of inner tubes should be selected according to the type of the photothermal power plant.
当真空集热管应用于槽式光热电站或菲涅尔式光热电站时，根据 常规设置，内管2的数量优选为一根，这样内管2内的流通面积较大，通入的传热介质的量较大，利于吸收更多的热量。如图2所示，内管2布置在金属管1内部，优选地，内管2的轴心与所述金属管的轴心重合。When the vacuum collector tube is applied to a trough type photothermal power station or a Fresnel type photothermal power station, Conventionally, the number of the inner tubes 2 is preferably one, so that the flow area in the inner tube 2 is large, and the amount of the heat transfer medium that is introduced is large, which is advantageous for absorbing more heat. As shown in Fig. 2, the inner tube 2 is disposed inside the metal tube 1, and preferably, the axis of the inner tube 2 coincides with the axis of the metal tube.
当真空集热管应用于塔式光热电站时，由于塔式太阳能光热电站的集热管的温度提升较快，若使传热介质采用常规的流速，传热介质可充分换热，但是，金属管1不能得到及时降温，因此，需要增加传热介质的流速以快速充分的换热进而使传热介质吸收金属管1的热量，使金属管1降温。因此，对于塔式光热电站，内管2的数量优选为两根以上，均匀布置在金属管1内，这样，内管2内的流通面积相对单根时减小，相应的可增加传热介质的流通速度，进而使传热介质更快速通过热交换吸收热量以降低金属管1的温度。更进一步，内管2的数量为4～15根，图1中所示的实施例为8根。需要说明的是，本申请中对于内管的数量不做具体限定，内管的数量可根据实际生产情况做适应性调整。When the vacuum heat collecting tube is applied to the tower type photothermal power station, since the temperature of the heat collecting tube of the tower type solar thermal power station is increased rapidly, if the heat transfer medium adopts a conventional flow rate, the heat transfer medium can sufficiently heat exchange, but the metal The tube 1 cannot be cooled in time. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the flow rate of the heat transfer medium to quickly and sufficiently heat exchange, so that the heat transfer medium absorbs the heat of the metal tube 1 to cool the metal tube 1. Therefore, for the tower type photothermal power station, the number of the inner tubes 2 is preferably two or more, and is evenly arranged in the metal tube 1, so that the flow area in the inner tube 2 is reduced relative to a single root, and the heat transfer can be increased accordingly. The velocity of the medium, which in turn causes the heat transfer medium to absorb heat more quickly through heat exchange to lower the temperature of the metal tube 1. Further, the number of the inner tubes 2 is 4 to 15, and the number of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is 8. It should be noted that, in the present application, the number of inner tubes is not specifically limited, and the number of inner tubes can be adaptively adjusted according to actual production conditions.
上述实施例还可以进行以下改进，如图3所示，内管2以环状布置在金属管1的内部，包围在内管2内部的导热体3具有与金属管轴向平行的空腔5。所述空腔可以用于流通传热介质，利用所吸收的热量对传热介质加热，进而可以节省导热体3的耗材，降低成本。或者所述空腔用于安装传感器，如热传感器，监控集热管内部的温度状态。The above embodiment can also be modified as follows. As shown in Fig. 3, the inner tube 2 is arranged in an annular shape inside the metal tube 1, and the heat conductor 3 surrounding the inner tube 2 has a cavity 5 parallel to the axial direction of the metal tube. . The cavity can be used to circulate the heat transfer medium, and the heat transfer medium is heated by the absorbed heat, thereby saving the consumables of the heat conductor 3 and reducing the cost. Or the cavity is used to mount a sensor, such as a thermal sensor, to monitor the temperature state inside the collector tube.
在本申请上述实施例中，所述内管为陶瓷管、不锈钢管、合金钢管、内壁为陶瓷的不锈钢管或内壁为陶瓷的合金钢管；所述导热体为铜、铝、含有铜的合金或含有铝的合金。In the above embodiment of the present application, the inner tube is a ceramic tube, a stainless steel tube, an alloy steel tube, a stainless steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic, or an alloy steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic; the heat conductor is copper, aluminum, an alloy containing copper or An alloy containing aluminum.
综上，采用本申请提供的真空集热管，一方面可以降低金属管两 侧的温差，金属管的温度较高一侧的热量更容易传递至温度较低的一侧，使金属管表面温度更均匀，避免了在使用过程中金属管向温度较低一侧发生弯曲的问题。另一方面降低了集热管的壁面温度，延缓金属管上的镀膜受的老化速度，进一步提高了真空集热管的使用寿命。In summary, by using the vacuum heat collecting tube provided by the present application, on the one hand, the metal tube can be lowered. The temperature difference on the side, the heat on the higher side of the metal tube is more easily transferred to the lower temperature side, making the surface temperature of the metal tube more uniform, avoiding the bending of the metal tube to the lower temperature side during use. problem. On the other hand, the wall surface temperature of the heat collecting tube is lowered, the aging speed of the coating on the metal tube is delayed, and the service life of the vacuum heat collecting tube is further improved.
在本申请的一些实施例中，为了提高导热内管、金属管、导热体之间接触的紧密程度，提高导热性，提出了以下两种真空集热管的生产方法：In some embodiments of the present application, in order to improve the tightness of the contact between the heat conductive inner tube, the metal tube, and the heat conductor, and improve the thermal conductivity, the following two methods for producing the vacuum heat collecting tube are proposed:
第一种真空集热管的生产方法包括以下步骤：The first method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube includes the following steps:
步骤1，分别制备玻璃套管、金属管、内管以及导热体，其中，所述导热体为管状，导热体的内径大于内管。 Step 1, respectively preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube and a heat conductor, wherein the heat conductor is tubular, and the inner diameter of the heat conductor is larger than the inner tube.
步骤2，将所述玻璃套管密封连接到所述金属管的外部。In step 2, the glass sleeve is sealingly connected to the outside of the metal tube.
步骤3，利用冷拉工艺将所述导热体安装到内管外；冷拉后的所述导热体的外径大于等于所述金属管的内径。Step 3: mounting the heat conductor to the outside of the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after the cold drawing is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the metal tube.
步骤4，加热所述金属管以使所述金属管受热膨胀，将所述导热体***膨胀后的所述金属管，然后冷却所述金属管以使所述金属管与所述导热体过盈配合。 Step 4, heating the metal tube to thermally expand the metal tube, inserting the heat conductor into the expanded metal tube, and then cooling the metal tube to interfere with the metal tube and the heat conductor Cooperate.
这里，过盈配合是指过盈的配合。在机械加工和制造过程中,二个或二个以上零件的配合状态粗略可分为滑动配合、过渡配合和紧配合等许多等级。其中，过盈配合属于紧配合中的一种，也就是说相配对的轴径(键宽)要大于孔径(键槽)，必须采用特殊工具挤压进去，或利用热胀冷缩的特性，将孔(键槽)加热，趁孔径扩大，迅速套到轴上，待冷却收缩后两个零件就紧紧配合成一体。本步骤中就是利用上述金属管的热胀冷缩特性，实现上述金属管和导热体的过盈配合以待冷却后二者成为一体。 Here, the interference fit refers to the fit of the interference. In the machining and manufacturing process, the mating state of two or more parts can be roughly divided into many levels such as sliding fit, transition fit and tight fit. Among them, the interference fit is one of the tight fits, that is to say, the shaft diameter (key width) of the pair is larger than the aperture (keyway), which must be squeezed in with special tools, or the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction will be used. The hole (keyway) is heated, the aperture of the crucible is enlarged, and it is quickly placed on the shaft. After cooling and shrinking, the two parts are tightly integrated. In this step, the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the above metal tube are utilized to achieve an interference fit between the metal tube and the heat conductor to be integrated after being cooled.
第二种真空集热管的生产方法包括以下步骤：The second vacuum collecting tube production method comprises the following steps:
步骤1，分别制备玻璃套管、金属管、内管以及导热体。In step 1, a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube, and a heat conductor are separately prepared.
步骤2，将所述玻璃套管密封连接到所述金属管的外部。In step 2, the glass sleeve is sealingly connected to the outside of the metal tube.
步骤3，利用冷拉工艺将所述导热体安装到所述内管外；冷拉后的所述导热体的外径小于所述金属管的内径。Step 3: mounting the heat conductor to the outside of the inner tube by a cold drawing process; the outer diameter of the heat conductor after cold drawing is smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube.
步骤4，将所述导热体***所述金属管，在所述金属管与所述导热体之间的间隙内填充钎料，加热所述钎料以使所述钎料熔化并连接所述金属管与所述导热体。 Step 4, inserting the heat conductor into the metal tube, filling a gap between the metal tube and the heat conductor with a solder, heating the solder to melt the solder and connecting the metal a tube and the heat conductor.
本申请还提供一种菲涅尔式太阳能光热电站，菲涅尔式光热电站的真空集热管为如上任一实施例所描述的真空集热管。应用于菲涅尔式太阳能光热电站的常规集热管，其金属管外径通常为70～90mm，玻璃套管外径115～125mm。该集热管的缺点是：真空集热管直径较小，对聚光***控制精度要求高。为了降低聚光***控制精度就需要增大集热管直径，由于金属管需要承受蒸汽压力，当增大金属管直径时就需要同时增加其壁厚。金属管的壁越厚，其传热系数降低，为得到设定的温度参数，则金属管外壁温度就需要大幅增加，当金属管外壁温度较高，且壁厚较大时，即存在背景技术中所涉及到的问题。而采用本申请中的真空集热管，通过在金属管内腔***内管的方式，能够将金属管壁厚减薄，通过导热体将温度高部位的温度快速传导至温度低的部位，从而使金属管外壁的壁面温度分布均匀，同时使金属外壁的温度能够更快地传递给金属管内的传热介质，从而能够在获得高倍率光热时，依然能够减少金属管在使用过程中发生弯曲以及金属管上的镀膜老化的问题，进而提高了菲涅尔式太阳能光热电站中集热管的热性能和可靠性。在菲涅尔式太阳能光热电站中，真空集热管内流通的 传热介质可为熔盐、水或油。The present application also provides a Fresnel-type solar thermal power station, and the vacuum heat collecting tube of the Fresnel-type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube described in any of the above embodiments. The conventional heat collecting tube applied to the Fresnel type solar thermal power station has a metal tube outer diameter of usually 70 to 90 mm and a glass sleeve outer diameter of 115 to 125 mm. The disadvantage of the heat collecting tube is that the diameter of the vacuum collecting tube is small, and the control precision of the concentrating system is high. In order to reduce the control precision of the concentrating system, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the collecting pipe. Since the metal pipe needs to bear the steam pressure, it is necessary to increase the wall thickness at the same time when increasing the diameter of the metal pipe. The thicker the wall of the metal tube, the lower the heat transfer coefficient. In order to obtain the set temperature parameter, the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube needs to be greatly increased. When the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube is high and the wall thickness is large, there is a background technology. The issues involved in this. According to the vacuum heat collecting tube of the present application, the wall thickness of the metal tube can be reduced by inserting the inner tube into the inner cavity of the metal tube, and the temperature of the high temperature portion can be quickly transmitted to the low temperature portion through the heat conductor, thereby making the metal The wall surface temperature distribution of the outer wall of the pipe is uniform, and the temperature of the outer wall of the metal can be transmitted to the heat transfer medium in the metal pipe more quickly, so that when the high-magnification photothermal heat is obtained, the bending of the metal pipe during use and the metal can be reduced. The problem of coating aging on the tube further improves the thermal performance and reliability of the collector tube in the Fresnel solar thermal power station. In a Fresnel-type solar thermal power plant, circulating in a vacuum collector The heat transfer medium can be a molten salt, water or oil.
本申请还提供一种塔式或槽式太阳能光热电站，塔式或槽式光热电站的真空集热管为以上任一实施例所描述的真空集热管。The present application also provides a tower or trough type solar thermal power station, and the vacuum heat collecting tube of the tower type or trough type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube described in any of the above embodiments.
在塔式太阳能光热电站中采用本实施例中的真空集热管，其真空隔层可使集热管的热损失降低，提高光能的利用率。同时由于金属管不再直接裸露于空气中，其寿命亦可大大延长。同时，集热管在获得高倍率光热时具备上述真空集热管其具有的金属外壁的温度能够更快地传递给金属管内的传热介质，降低金属管外壁的温度，以及延缓金属管镀膜老化速度的优异特性。The vacuum heat collecting tube in the embodiment is used in the tower type solar thermal power station, and the vacuum partition layer can reduce the heat loss of the heat collecting tube and improve the utilization rate of the light energy. At the same time, since the metal tube is no longer directly exposed to the air, its life can be greatly extended. At the same time, the heat collecting tube has the above-mentioned vacuum heat collecting tube, and the temperature of the metal outer wall of the heat collecting tube can be transmitted to the heat medium in the metal tube more quickly, the temperature of the outer wall of the metal tube is lowered, and the aging speed of the metal tube coating is delayed. Excellent characteristics.
上述披露的各技术特征并不限于已披露的与其它特征的组合，本领域技术人员还可根据发明之目的进行各技术特征之间的其它组合，以实现本申请之目的为准。 The technical features disclosed above are not limited to the combination of the disclosed features and other features, and other combinations between the various technical features may be made by those skilled in the art to achieve the object of the present application.

Claims (15)

  1. 一种真空集热管，包括玻璃套管和金属管；所述金属管设置在玻璃套管内部，所述玻璃套管与所述金属管之间形成真空隔层；其特征在于，A vacuum heat collecting tube comprising a glass sleeve and a metal tube; the metal tube is disposed inside the glass sleeve, and a vacuum partition is formed between the glass sleeve and the metal tube;
    所述金属管的内腔中还布置有至少一根内管；At least one inner tube is further disposed in the inner cavity of the metal tube;
    所述内管与所述金属管之间的空腔填充有导热系数大于金属管导热系数的导热体。The cavity between the inner tube and the metal tube is filled with a heat conductor having a thermal conductivity greater than a thermal conductivity of the metal tube.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的真空集热管，其中，所述内管的数量为一根，布置在所述金属管内部，所述内管的轴心与所述金属管的轴心重合。The vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 1, wherein the number of the inner tubes is one, and is disposed inside the metal tube, and an axis of the inner tube coincides with an axis of the metal tube.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的真空集热管，其中，所述内管的数量大于或等于两根，均匀布置在所述金属管内。The vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 1, wherein the number of the inner tubes is greater than or equal to two, and is uniformly disposed in the metal tube.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的真空集热管，其中，所述内管以环状布置在所述金属管的内部，包围在内管内部的导热体具有与金属管轴向平行的空腔。The vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 3, wherein the inner tube is disposed in an annular shape inside the metal tube, and the heat conductor surrounding the inner tube has a cavity axially parallel to the metal tube.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的真空集热管，其中，所述空腔可以用于流通传热介质，利用所吸收的热量对所述传热介质加热。A vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 4, wherein said cavity is operable to circulate a heat transfer medium for heating said heat transfer medium with the absorbed heat.
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的真空集热管，其中，所述空腔用于安装传感器以监控集热管内部的温度状态。The vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 4, wherein the cavity is for mounting a sensor to monitor a temperature state inside the heat collecting tube.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的真空集热管，其中，所述金属管为不锈钢管或合金钢管。The vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 1, wherein the metal pipe is a stainless steel pipe or an alloy steel pipe.
  8. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的真空集热管，其中，所述内管为陶瓷管、不锈钢管、合金钢管、内壁为陶瓷的不锈钢管或内壁为陶瓷的合金钢管；所述导热体为铜、铝、含有铜的合金、含有铝的 合金或陶瓷。The vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inner tube is a ceramic tube, a stainless steel tube, an alloy steel tube, a stainless steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic, or an alloy steel tube whose inner wall is ceramic; Body is copper, aluminum, alloy containing copper, containing aluminum Alloy or ceramic.
  9. 一种真空集热管的生产方法，包括：A method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube, comprising:
    分别制备玻璃套管、金属管、内管以及导热体；Preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube and a heat conductor separately;
    将所述玻璃套管密封连接到所述金属管的外部；Sealing the glass sleeve to the outside of the metal tube;
    利用冷拉工艺将所述导热体安装到所述内管外，其中，冷拉后的所述导热体的外径大于或等于所述金属管的内径；以及Mounting the heat conductor to the outside of the inner tube by a cold drawing process, wherein an outer diameter of the heat-drawn body after cold drawing is greater than or equal to an inner diameter of the metal tube;
    加热所述金属管以使所述金属管受热膨胀，将所述导热体***膨胀后的所述金属管，冷却所述金属管以使所述金属管与所述导热体过盈配合。The metal tube is heated to thermally expand the metal tube, the heat conductor is inserted into the expanded metal tube, and the metal tube is cooled to make an interference fit between the metal tube and the heat conductor.
  10. 根据权利要求9的真空集热管的生产方法，其中，所述导热体为管状，导热体的内径大于内管。A method of producing a vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 9, wherein said heat conductor is tubular, and an inner diameter of said heat conductor is larger than that of said inner tube.
  11. 一种真空集热管的生产方法，包括：A method for producing a vacuum heat collecting tube, comprising:
    分别制备玻璃套管、金属管、内管以及导热体；Preparing a glass sleeve, a metal tube, an inner tube and a heat conductor separately;
    将所述玻璃套管密封连接到所述金属管的外部；Sealing the glass sleeve to the outside of the metal tube;
    利用冷拉工艺将所述导热体安装到所述内管外，其中，冷拉后的所述导热体的外径小于所述金属管的内径；以及Mounting the heat conductor to the outside of the inner tube by a cold drawing process, wherein an outer diameter of the heat-drawn body after cold drawing is smaller than an inner diameter of the metal tube;
    将所述导热体***所述金属管，在所述金属管与所述导热体之间的间隙内填充钎料，加热所述钎料以使所述钎料熔化并连接所述金属管与所述导热体。Inserting the heat conductor into the metal tube, filling a gap between the metal tube and the heat conductor with a solder, heating the solder to melt the solder and connecting the metal tube and the Said heat conductor.
  12. 根据权利要求11的真空集热管的生产方法，其中，所述导热体为管状，导热体的内径大于内管。The method of producing a vacuum heat collecting tube according to claim 11, wherein said heat conductor is tubular, and an inner diameter of said heat conductor is larger than an inner tube.
  13. 一种塔式太阳能光热电站，其中，所述塔式光热电站的真空集热管为权利要求1-7中任一项所述的真空集热管。A tower type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the tower type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of claims 1-7.
  14. 一种菲涅尔式太阳能光热电站，其中，所述菲涅尔式光热电 站的真空集热管为权利要求1-7任一项所述的真空集热管。Fresnel type solar thermal power station, wherein the Fresnel type photothermoelectric The vacuum heat collecting tube of the station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of claims 1-7.
  15. 一种槽式太阳能光热电站，其中，所述槽式光热电站的真空集热管为权利要求1-7任一项所述的真空集热管。 A trough type solar thermal power station, wherein the vacuum heat collecting tube of the trough type photothermal power station is the vacuum heat collecting tube according to any one of claims 1-7.
PCT/CN2017/102688 2016-09-26 2017-09-21 Evacuated heat collecting tube, manufacturing method therefor, and solar thermal power station WO2018054327A1 (en)

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