WO2018040988A1 - 多媒体传输方法、接入网设备及终端 - Google Patents

多媒体传输方法、接入网设备及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018040988A1
WO2018040988A1 PCT/CN2017/098610 CN2017098610W WO2018040988A1 WO 2018040988 A1 WO2018040988 A1 WO 2018040988A1 CN 2017098610 W CN2017098610 W CN 2017098610W WO 2018040988 A1 WO2018040988 A1 WO 2018040988A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
network device
access network
code rate
mpd file
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PCT/CN2017/098610
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘菁
戴明增
严乐
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018040988A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018040988A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/70—Media network packetisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a multimedia transmission method, an access network device, and a terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the DASH system.
  • the DASH system includes: a DASH client and a DASH server, wherein the DASH server includes: a DASH content preparation module and a DASH media representation description (English: Media Presentation Description, referred to as: MPD) file distribution function module, DASH media segmentation (English: Segment) distribution function module.
  • MPD Media Presentation Description
  • the working principle of the DASH system is to divide multimedia (such as video, audio, etc.) information into many small multimedia segments and store them on the DASH server. Each multimedia segment will be processed into different block rate samples for different coverage. Bandwidth status.
  • the DASH client obtains and parses the MPD file corresponding to the multimedia information, and obtains a description of each multimedia segment from the MPD file, including a Uniform Resource Locator (English: Uniform Resource Locator, abbreviation: URL) address of each multimedia segment, and starts Play time and duration, video resolution, code rate, etc., and acquire and play multimedia information according to the MPD file.
  • Uniform Resource Locator English: Uniform Resource Locator, abbreviation: URL
  • the existing DASH protocol supports adaptive code rate switching, that is, the same source media stream can generate multiple video segments of different code rates, and the content preparation module of the DASH server according to the source media stream provider when the source media stream is input.
  • the specified bit rate is usually in megabits per second (English: Megabits Per Second, Mbps for short), for example, 20 Mbps, 50 Mbps, 100 Mbps, encoding the source media stream content at different quality levels, and generating media files of different code rates.
  • the MPD file provides the client with detailed description information of the segment, including a code rate, a resolution, a URL address,
  • the length of the segment is the same, so the MPD file can simultaneously provide access addresses for video clips of different bit rates.
  • the DASH client first sends an MPD file request message (HTTP request for MPD) to the DASH server before performing video playback.
  • HTTP request for MPD an MPD file request message
  • the DASH server In order to request to obtain the MPD file corresponding to the video.
  • the MPD file distribution function module of the DASH server sends an MPD file (MPS response) to the DASH client, and the DASH client obtains the MPD file, and each video segment in the video can be known ( That is, the access address (ie, the URL) of the Segment file, and then the DASH client sends a video request for media segment to the DASH server corresponding to the access address, and the video segment download request message includes the DASH client selected
  • the purpose of the code rate is to obtain a Segment file that meets the code rate.
  • the Segment distribution function module of the DASH server sends a Segment file corresponding to the selected code rate to the DASH client ( Media segment response).
  • the selection of the adaptive bit rate is completely controlled by the DASH client, and the DASH client adaptively selects video segments corresponding to different code rates according to parameters such as its own network bandwidth and buffer data amount. Download, but in practical applications, the DASH client can only select the bit rate based on its own network bandwidth and the amount of buffer data. Therefore, there is no guarantee that the selected bit rate is appropriate.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a multimedia transmission method, an access network device, and a terminal.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate of the multimedia transmission according to the network state, so that the selected code rate is suitable and the user experience is improved.
  • a multimedia transmission method includes: acquiring, by the access network device, MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, where the target multimedia segment is a multimedia segment requested by the terminal for downloading.
  • the access network device obtains the first code rate, and the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the access network device determines the second code rate according to the first code rate, the network status, and the MPD file information.
  • the MPD file information includes a first code rate and a second code rate.
  • the access network device sends the first information to the terminal, where the first information is used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network state, so that the terminal downloads the adjusted target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate, thereby ensuring the selected code rate. It is suitable and can guarantee a better user experience.
  • the access network device obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the access network device obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, where the MPD file information is obtained by the terminal from the server.
  • the access network device can directly obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the access network device obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the access network device obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message, where the MPD file response message is a response of the server to the MPD file request message sent by the terminal, and the MPD file request message is used to request to acquire the target multimedia segment. Corresponding MPD file information.
  • the access network device can monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response message sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message, and then obtain the MPD file information from the MPD file response message. .
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to send the MPD file information to the access network device, which reduces the complexity and system overhead of the terminal.
  • the access network device receives the first indication information sent by the terminal, before the access network device receives the MPD file request message sent by the terminal .
  • the access network device obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message, where the access network device obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message according to the first indication information from the terminal.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the MPD file information sent by the server.
  • the MPD file response message belongs to the application layer message.
  • the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the access network The device needs to parse the MPD file response message, and obtain the MPD file information from the access network device, and the access network device can monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information sent by the terminal, and respond to the message from the MPD file.
  • Obtaining the MPD file information instead of parsing all the messages sent by the server reduces the system overhead of the access network device.
  • the method for obtaining the first code rate by the access network device is described.
  • the access network device obtains the first code rate from the MPD file information according to the first media identifier from the terminal.
  • the first media identifier is used to indicate a first code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the first media identifier may be controlled by a first radio resource control (English: Radio Resource Control, RRC for short) message or the first medium.
  • the access control (English: Media Access Control, MAC for short) layer message is sent to the access network device.
  • the first information that is sent by the access network device to the terminal is described.
  • the access network device sends a second media identifier to the terminal, where the second media identifier is used to instruct the terminal to obtain the second code rate from the MPD file information according to the second media identifier, and download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate from the server.
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using the second RRC message or the second MAC message.
  • the method for obtaining the first code rate by the access network device is described.
  • the access network device obtains the first code rate from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server.
  • the multimedia segment download request includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the first code rate.
  • the access network device obtains the first code rate directly from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal by listening to the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal, which is simple and convenient.
  • the first information sent by the access network device to the terminal is described.
  • the access network device sends the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate to the terminal, and the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device by using the third RRC message or the third MAC message.
  • a multimedia transmission method includes: the terminal sends a first message to the access network device, where the first message is used by the access network device to obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, and the target multimedia segment is the multimedia segment requested by the terminal for downloading.
  • the terminal sends a second message to the access network device.
  • the second message is used by the access network device to obtain the first code rate and determine the second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information, where the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the MPD file information includes a first code rate and a second code rate.
  • the terminal receives the first information sent by the access network device, where the first information is used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network status, so that the terminal downloads the adjusted target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate, which can ensure selection.
  • the chosen code rate is appropriate and guarantees a better user experience.
  • the first message includes the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the terminal can directly send the MPD file corresponding to the target multimedia segment to the access network device, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the first message is an MPD file request message
  • the MPD file request message is used to request to obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the terminal may send an MPD file request message to the access network device, and the access network device may monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message.
  • the message, and then the MPD file information is obtained from the MPD file response message.
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to send the MPD file information to the access network device, which reduces the complexity and system overhead of the terminal.
  • the terminal before the terminal sends the first message to the access network device, the terminal sends the first indication information to the access network device, where The indication information is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the MPD file information sent by the server.
  • the MPD file response message belongs to the application layer message.
  • the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the access network The device needs to parse the MPD file response message, and obtain the MPD file information from the terminal.
  • the terminal may send the first indication information to the access network device, and the access network device may monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information.
  • the MPD file information is obtained from the MPD file response message instead of parsing all the messages sent by the server, which reduces the system overhead of the access network device.
  • the second message includes a first media identifier, where the first media identifier is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the first code rate from the MPD file information according to the first media identifier.
  • the terminal may send the first media identifier to the access network device by using the first RRC message or the first MAC message.
  • the terminal receives the first information sent by the access network device, and downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information Describe.
  • the terminal receives the second media identifier sent by the access network device, where the second media identifier is used by the terminal to obtain the second code rate corresponding to the second media identifier from the MPD file information, and download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate from the server. .
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using the second RRC message or the second MAC message.
  • the second message is a multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server, where the multimedia segment download request message includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the first code rate.
  • the terminal sends a multimedia fragment download request message to the access network device, and the access network device obtains the first code rate directly from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal by listening to the multimedia segment download request message, which is simple and convenient. .
  • the terminal receives the first information sent by the access network device, and downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the terminal receives the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate sent by the access network device.
  • the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device by using the third RRC message or the third MAC message.
  • a third aspect provides an access network device, including a processor and a transceiver, where the processor is configured to: the processor acquires MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, where the target multimedia segment is requested by the terminal for downloading. Multimedia clips.
  • the processor obtains a first code rate, and the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the processor determines the second code rate based on the first code rate, the network status, and the MPD file information.
  • the MPD file information includes a first code rate and a second code rate.
  • the transceiver sends the first information to the terminal, where the first information is used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network state, so that the terminal downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the adjusted second code rate, and the selected code rate can be guaranteed. It is suitable and can guarantee a better user experience.
  • the processor acquires the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the processor acquires MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, where the MPD file information is obtained by the terminal from the server.
  • the access network device can directly obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the processor obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the processor obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message, where the MPD file response message is a response of the server to the MPD file request message sent by the terminal, and the MPD file request message is used to request to obtain the corresponding target multimedia segment.
  • MPD file information is used to request to obtain the corresponding target multimedia segment.
  • the access network device can monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response message sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message, and then obtain the MPD file information from the MPD file response message. .
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to send the MPD file information to the access network device, which reduces the complexity and system overhead of the terminal.
  • the processor obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message, where the processor is based on the And an indication information, the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment is obtained from the MPD file response message, where the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the MPD file information sent by the server.
  • the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content, and the access network is in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MPD file response message needs to be parsed, and the MPD file information is obtained therefrom, and the access network device can monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information sent by the terminal, and obtain the MPD file from the MPD file response message.
  • the first bit rate is obtained by the processor.
  • the processor acquires the first code rate from the MPD file information according to the first media identifier from the terminal.
  • the first media identifier is used to indicate a first code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the first media identifier may be sent to the access network device by using the first RRC message or the first MAC message.
  • the description is performed by sending, by the transceiver, the first information to the terminal.
  • the transceiver sends a second media identifier to the terminal, where the second media identifier is used to instruct the terminal to obtain the second code rate from the MPD file information according to the second media identifier, and download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate from the server.
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using the second RRC message or the second MAC message.
  • the first bit rate is obtained by the processor.
  • the processor obtains the first code rate from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server.
  • the multimedia segment download request includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the first code rate.
  • the access network device obtains the first code rate directly from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal by listening to the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal, which is simple and convenient.
  • the transceiver sends the first information to the terminal for description.
  • the transceiver sends the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate to the terminal, and the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device by using the third RRC message or the third MAC message.
  • a fourth aspect provides a terminal, comprising: a transceiver, wherein the transceiver is configured to: the transceiver sends a first message to the access network device, where the first message is used by the access network device to obtain a target The MPD file information corresponding to the multimedia segment, and the target multimedia segment is a multimedia segment requested by the terminal for downloading.
  • the transceiver sends a second message to the access network device.
  • the second message is used by the access network device to obtain the first code rate and determine the second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information, where the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the MPD file information includes a first code rate and a second code rate.
  • the transceiver receives the first information sent by the access network device, where the first information is used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the access network device uses the network state to download the target multimedia segment according to the network state.
  • the code rate is adjusted, so that the terminal downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the adjusted second code rate, which can ensure that the selected code rate is appropriate, and can ensure a better user experience.
  • the first message includes MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the terminal can directly send the MPD file corresponding to the target multimedia segment to the access network device, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the first message is an MPD file request message
  • the MPD file request message is used to request to obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the terminal may send an MPD file request message to the access network device, and the access network device may monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message.
  • the message, and then the MPD file information is obtained from the MPD file response message.
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal.
  • the transceiver before the transceiver sends the first message to the access network device, the transceiver is further configured to: send the first to the access network device Instructing information, the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the MPD file information sent by the server.
  • the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content, and the access network is in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device needs to parse the MPD file response message, and obtain the MPD file information from the terminal.
  • the terminal may send the first indication information to the access network device, and the access network device may monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information.
  • the MPD file information is obtained from the MPD file response message instead of parsing all the messages sent by the server, which reduces the system overhead of the access network device.
  • the second message includes a first media identifier, where the first media identifier is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the first code rate from the MPD file information according to the first media identifier.
  • the terminal may send the first media identifier to the access network device by using the first RRC message or the first MAC message.
  • the first information sent by the transceiver to the access network device is described.
  • the transceiver receives the second media identifier sent by the access network device, where the second media identifier is used by the terminal to obtain the second code rate corresponding to the second media identifier from the MPD file information, and download the target multimedia corresponding to the second code rate from the server. Fragment.
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using the second RRC message or the second MAC message.
  • the second message is a multimedia segment download request message, where the multimedia segment download request message includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the first code rate.
  • the terminal sends a multimedia fragment download request message to the access network device, and the access network device passes the After listening to the multimedia clip download request message, the first code rate is obtained directly from the multimedia clip download request message sent by the terminal, which is simple and convenient.
  • the first information sent by the transceiver to the access network device is described.
  • the processor receives the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate sent by the access network device by using the transceiver, and the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device by using the third RRC message or the third MAC message.
  • an access network device comprising a module or unit for performing the multimedia transmission method of the above first aspect.
  • the access network device includes a first obtaining unit, a second obtaining unit, a determining unit, and a sending unit, where
  • a first acquiring unit configured to acquire MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, where the target multimedia segment is a multimedia segment requested by the terminal to be downloaded;
  • a second acquiring unit configured to acquire a first code rate, where the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment;
  • a determining unit configured to determine a second code rate according to the first code rate acquired by the second acquiring unit, the network state, and the MPD file information acquired by the first acquiring unit, where the MPD file information includes the first code rate and the second code rate ;
  • a sending unit configured to send the first information to the terminal, where the first information is used by the terminal according to the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate determined by the first information download determining unit.
  • the modules or units included in the access network device are not limited to the above naming manner.
  • a terminal comprising a module or unit for performing the multimedia transmission method of the second aspect described above.
  • the terminal includes a first sending unit, a second sending unit, and a receiving unit, where
  • a first sending unit configured to send a first message to the access network device, where the first message is used by the access network device to obtain the media representation description MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, where the target multimedia segment is a multimedia segment requested by the terminal to download;
  • a second sending unit configured to send a second message to the access network device, where the second message is used by the access network device to obtain the first code rate, and determine the second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information, where
  • the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment, and the MPD file information includes the first code rate and the second code rate;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the first information sent by the access network device, where the first information is used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the modules or units included in the terminal are not limited to the above naming manner.
  • the seventh aspect provides a communication system, including an access network device, a terminal, and a server, where the access network device is the access network device as described in the foregoing third or fifth aspect, and the terminal is the fourth Aspect or the terminal described in the sixth aspect.
  • a computer storage medium which may be non-volatile, that is, the content is not lost after power off.
  • a software program is stored in the storage medium, the software program being read and executed by one or more processors.
  • a computer storage medium which may be non-volatile, that is, the content is not lost after power off.
  • the storage medium stores a software program that, when read and executed by one or more processors, implements the multimedia transmission method provided by the second aspect or any one of the foregoing second aspects.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a DASH system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a multimedia transmission method in a conventional technology
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a multimedia transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 of an access network device acquiring MPD file information
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of an access network device acquiring MPD file information
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a target multimedia segment for downloading a second code rate by a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a target multimedia segment for downloading a second code rate by a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • the communication system includes a terminal, an access network device, and a server.
  • the communication system may be a DASH system, and the terminal may be a DASH client, and the server may be a DASH server.
  • the terminal and the access network device can communicate with each other through some air interface technology.
  • the air interface technology may include: existing 2G (such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) system), 3G (such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (English: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS for short) ), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system, 4G (English: Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA)) Such as FDD LTE, TDD LTE) and the upcoming 5G system.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • 3G such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (English: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS for short)
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • TD-SCDMA Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
  • 4G English: Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA)
  • the terminal may be a mobile station in a 2G network (English: Mobile Station, MS for short), or a user equipment in a 3G and 4G network (English: User Equipment, UE for short), or may be in a future 5G system. terminal. Terminals include but are not limited to: smart phones (such as Android (Android) phones, iOS phones, etc.), tablets, PDAs, laptops, mobile Internet devices (English: Mobile Internet Devices, MID for short) or wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, etc.) and other terminal devices with media playback capabilities.
  • smart phones such as Android (Android) phones, iOS phones, etc.
  • tablets PDAs
  • laptops mobile Internet devices
  • mobile Internet devices English: Mobile Internet Devices, MID for short
  • wearable devices such as smart watches, smart bracelets, etc.
  • the access network device may be a base transceiver station in a GSM or CDMA system (English: Base Transceiver Station, BTS for short), or a base station in a WCDMA system (English: NodeB, NB for short). It may be an evolved base station (English: evolved Node B, eNB for short) in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or an access network device in the future 5G system.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • WCDMA Fifth Generation
  • NodeB NodeB
  • NB NodeB
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the server described in the embodiment of the present invention stores multimedia file (for example, video file, audio file) information.
  • multimedia file for example, video file, audio file
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a multimedia transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the multimedia transmission method may include, but is not limited to, the following steps.
  • the access network device acquires MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, where the target multimedia segment is a multimedia segment requested by the terminal for downloading.
  • the target multimedia segment includes but is not limited to: a video segment or an audio segment.
  • the MPD file is composed of a series of time-continuous and non-overlapping media periods (English: Period).
  • a complete multimedia stream can be composed of one or more Periods, and each Period represents a certain period of time. For example, a stream has 60 seconds, Period1 is 0-15 seconds, Period2 is 16 seconds to 40 seconds, and Period3 is 41 seconds to 60 seconds.
  • a Period consists of one or more Adaptive Sets (English: Adaptation Set).
  • Period1 consists of two Adaptation Sets, Adaptation Set1 and Adaptation Set2, respectively, where Adaptation Set1 represents video content and Adaptation Set2 represents audio content.
  • Each Adaptation Set contains one or more media file representation (ie Representation) information.
  • Each Representation includes a plurality of media information such as a code rate, a resolution, a bandwidth, and the like, and one or more shards (English: Segment) and a URL corresponding to each shard.
  • Each of the fragments may be further divided into a plurality of sub-slices that are consecutive in time and do not overlap each other in chronological order.
  • Each slice or sub-slice is a segment of the actual audio/video, and any one of the slices or sub-slices can be used as the target multimedia segment in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal may download the fragment from the server by using an HTTP request message according to the URL corresponding to the fragment.
  • the plurality of Representations of the same media period identifier (English: Period ID) and the adaptive set identifier (English: Adaptation Set ID) are a plurality of multimedia segments corresponding to different code rates of the same multimedia file. Therefore, according to the two identifiers of Period ID and Adaptation Set ID, a set of multimedia segments belonging to one multimedia file can be determined. According to the three identifiers of Period ID, Adaptation Set ID and media file representation identifier (English: Representation ID), a target multimedia clip can be determined. And according to the Period ID, the Adaptation Set ID, and the Representation ID, the media information corresponding to a target multimedia segment, including the code rate, the resolution, and the like, may also be determined.
  • the method for the access network device to obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment may be: before the terminal sends the request message for downloading the target multimedia segment to the server, the terminal may first send the target to the access network device.
  • the MPD file information corresponding to the multimedia segment the MPD file information is sent to the access network device after the terminal obtains the information from the server.
  • the access network device receives the MPD file information sent by the terminal.
  • the process can be seen in the schematic diagram of the process shown in FIG. 5, which will be described in detail in the following embodiments.
  • the terminal sends the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment to the access network device by using the fourth RRC message.
  • the access network device receives the fourth RRC message that is sent by the terminal and carries the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, and obtains the MPD file information from the fourth RRC message.
  • the fourth RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the method for the access network device to obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment may be: the access network device obtains the MPD file corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message.
  • the MPD file request message sent by the terminal and the MPD file response message sent by the server belong to the HTTP layer message, that is, the application layer message, and are carried on the user plane bearer. Therefore, for the access network device, the HTTP layer message is regarded as user plane data. According to the processing method of the prior art, the access network device only performs transparent transmission, that is, only the received data is parsed into a packet data convergence protocol. (English: Packet Data Convergence Protocol, referred to as: PDCP) layer, and the content of the upper layer protocol (such as HTTP layer) is not parsed.
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • the access network device after receiving the data packet sent by the terminal, the access network device performs application layer parsing on the data packet, and determines whether the data packet is an MPD file request message by parsing. Moreover, after receiving the data packet sent by the server, the access network device performs application layer parsing on the data packet, and performs parsing to confirm whether the data packet is an MPD file response message.
  • the terminal may first The access network device sends the first indication information.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the MPD file information sent by the server.
  • the access network device receives the first indication information sent by the terminal, and performs application layer parsing on the data packet returned by the server according to the first indication information, so as to determine whether the data packet is an MPD file response message, and if yes, responds from the MPD file.
  • the first indication information may be that the terminal sends the third RRC message or the third MAC message to the access network device.
  • the third RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the third MAC message may be MAC layer control information (MAC: MAC Host), or a newly defined MAC message in the communication protocol.
  • MAC MAC layer control information
  • the terminal sends a third RRC message including the first indication information to the access network device, and the access network device receives the third RRC message that is sent by the terminal and includes the first indication information, and obtains the first indication information from the third RRC message. .
  • the terminal may further carry the first indication information in a data link layer header field of the sent data packet when sending the MPD file request message to the access network device.
  • the first indication information may be carried in a PDCP header, a Radio Link Control (RLC) header, or a header field of a MAC header.
  • the access network device After receiving the data packet sent by the terminal, the access network device parses the data link layer of the data packet, and once the first indication information is found, determines that the MPD file information sent by the server needs to be monitored. Then, after receiving the data packet returned by the server, the access network device parses the data packet to determine whether the returned data packet is an MPD file response message, and if yes, obtains the MPD file information from the MPD file response message.
  • the PDCP header, the RLC header, or the MAC header may set a certain bit as the indication bit of the first indication information. Once the indication bit is set to 0 or 1, it indicates that the access network device needs to monitor the MPD file sent by the server. The information, that is, the access network device needs to obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message returned by the server.
  • the terminal may send the second indication information to the access network device, where the second indication information is used to instruct the access network device to perform the data packet sent by the terminal.
  • Application layer resolution The access network device receives the second indication information, and if the data packet sent by the terminal is received in the subsequent process, The two indication information performs application layer parsing on the data packet, thereby determining that the data packet is an MPD file request message. Therefore, the access network device prevents the upper layer protocol from being parsed on all the user plane data received, and reduces the system overhead of the access network device.
  • the second indication information may be that the terminal sends the information to the access network device by using the fifth RRC message or the fifth MAC message.
  • the fifth RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the fifth MAC message may be a MAC CE in the prior art or a newly defined MAC message in the communication protocol.
  • the terminal sends a fifth RRC message including the second indication information to the access network device, and the access network device receives the fifth RRC message that is sent by the terminal and includes the second indication information, and obtains the second indication information from the fifth RRC message. .
  • the access network device obtains a first code rate, where the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the first code rate may be obtained by the access network device according to the first media identifier sent by the terminal, by querying the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the first code rate may also be obtained by the access network device directly from the terminal.
  • the terminal may first send the first media identifier to the access network device to request the access network device to select the terminal. Adjust at a rate.
  • the access network device receives the first media identifier sent by the terminal, and indexes the MPD file information according to the first media identifier to obtain the first code rate.
  • the first media identifier includes three identifiers: a Period ID, an Adaptation Set ID, and a Representation ID.
  • the access network device determines the first code rate corresponding to the three identifiers by using the three identifiers of the Period ID, the Adaptation Set ID, and the Representation ID, by indexing the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the first media identifier may be sent by the terminal to the access network device by using the first RRC message.
  • the terminal may send a first RRC message to the access network device, where the first RRC message includes the first media identifier.
  • the access network device receives the first RRC message sent by the terminal, and acquires the first media identifier from the first RRC message.
  • the first RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the first media identifier may be sent by the terminal to the access network device by using the first MAC message.
  • the first MAC message may be a MAC CE in the prior art or a newly defined MAC message in the communication protocol.
  • the terminal sends a MAC CE to the access network device, where the MAC CE includes the first media identifier.
  • the access network device receives the MAC CE sent by the terminal, and obtains the first media identifier from the MAC CE.
  • the access network device can determine the first code rate of 500 kbps by searching for the MPD file according to the three IDs.
  • the terminal may directly send the first code rate to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the first code rate sent by the terminal.
  • the terminal may send the sixth RRC message or the sixth MAC message that includes the first code rate to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the sixth RRC message or the sixth MAC message that is sent by the terminal and includes the first code rate, and obtains the first code rate from the sixth RRC message or the sixth MAC message. Therefore, the access network device can obtain the first code rate directly from the terminal, and does not need to search for the MPD file to learn the first code rate, which saves the system overhead of the access network device and improves the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the sixth RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the sixth MAC message may be a MAC CE in the prior art or a newly defined MAC message in the communication protocol.
  • a complete multimedia file is divided into many small multimedia segments and stored on the server, a complete multimedia file is composed of multiple multimedia segments.
  • Terminal on the slave server When downloading the multimedia file for playing, it is necessary to send a multimedia clip download request message to the server for each multimedia clip to obtain the multimedia clip.
  • the video file A is divided into two video segments, Segment1 and Segment2, and the terminal can obtain the download URL corresponding to each of Segment1 and Segment2 according to the MPD file information corresponding to the video file A acquired in advance.
  • the terminal first sends a request message for downloading the fragment Segment1 according to the URL address corresponding to the Segment1, and the server sends the Segment1 to the terminal for playing, and then the terminal sends a request message for downloading the fragment Segment2 according to the URL address corresponding to the Segment2, and the server sends the Segment2 again. Send to the terminal for playback.
  • the terminal before sending any multimedia segment download request message to the server to download a multimedia segment for playing, the terminal first sends a first media identifier to the access network device to request access.
  • the network device adjusts the first code rate selected by the terminal, and then downloads the multimedia segment corresponding to the adjusted code rate of the access network device.
  • the terminal before downloading a multimedia file, the terminal sends a first media identifier to the access network device to request the access network device to adjust the first code rate selected by the terminal, and then adjust according to the access network device.
  • the code rate downloads subsequent multimedia clips.
  • the video file A is divided into two video segments, Segment1 and Segment2.
  • the terminal needs to send a first RRC message including the first media identifier to the access network device before downloading the Segment1.
  • the first RRC message carries the information of the Segment1, and the access network device learns that the first code rate corresponding to the download of the Segment1 by the terminal is 250 Kbit/s according to the first media identifier, and then adjusts the 250 Kbit/s, and the access network device adjusts After the code rate is 500 Kbit/s, the terminal sends the message rate to the segment corresponding to 500 Kbit/s.
  • the terminal sends a first RRC message including the first media identifier to the access network device in the process of downloading the segment 1.
  • the first RRC message carries the information of the segment 2, and the access network device learns, according to the first media identifier, the terminal to download the Segment2.
  • the corresponding first code rate is 500 Kbit/s, and then the 500 Kbit/s is adjusted.
  • the access network device sends the adjusted code rate of 800 Kbit/s to the terminal, and the terminal downloads the code rate corresponding to Segment 2 of 800 Kbit/s, wherein The first media identifier sent twice before and after is different.
  • the terminal sends a first RRC message including the first media identifier to the access network device, and the first RRC message carries the identifier of the segment1, and the access network device according to the first media, before downloading the segment1
  • the first code rate corresponding to the identifier of the terminal is 250Kbit/s, and the 250Kbit/s is adjusted.
  • the access network device sends the adjusted code rate to 500Kbit/s to the terminal.
  • the terminal download rate is 500Kbit/s.
  • the terminal sends a multimedia fragment download request message to the server by using the access network device, where the multimedia fragment download request message carries the identifier of the target multimedia segment that the terminal requests to download, and the first code rate (or the first Media ID) and the URL corresponding to the target multimedia clip.
  • the access network device receives the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server, and performs application layer parsing on the multimedia segment download request message, thereby determining that the message is a multimedia segment download request message, and obtaining the first message from the multimedia segment download request message.
  • the first code identifier is obtained from the multimedia segment download request message
  • the first code rate is obtained by indexing the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the identifier of the target multimedia segment may include two identifiers: a Period ID and an Adaptation Set ID.
  • the identifier of the target multimedia segment may also be a character string, and may also be other identifiers, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server belongs to the HTTP message and is carried on the user plane bearer, the multimedia segment download request is considered to be considered for the access network device. It is a user plane data.
  • the access network device only performs the transparent transmission, that is, only the data link layer is parsed, and the content of the upper layer protocol is not parsed, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the access is performed.
  • the network device After receiving the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal, the network device performs application layer parsing on the message, so that the message can be determined to be a multimedia segment download request message.
  • the terminal may first send the third indication information to the access network device.
  • the third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to parse the message sent by the terminal.
  • the access network device receives the third indication information sent by the terminal, and if the data packet sent by the terminal is received in the subsequent process, the data packet is parsed according to the third indication information, so as to know whether the data packet is downloaded by the multimedia segment.
  • the request message is used, so that the access network device avoids the upper layer protocol parsing of all the user plane data received, and reduces the overhead of the access network device.
  • the third indication information may be that the terminal sends the information to the access network device by using the seventh RRC message or the seventh MAC message.
  • the seventh RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the seventh MAC message may be a MAC CE in the prior art or a newly defined MAC message in the communication protocol.
  • the terminal may further carry the third indication information in the data link layer header field of the sent data packet when the multimedia fragment download request message is sent to the access network device.
  • the third indication information is carried in the header field of the PDCP, the RLC, and the MAC, and the access network device receives the data packet sent by the terminal, parses the data link layer of the data packet, and once the third indication information is found, further The received data packet is parsed by the upper layer protocol to determine whether the data packet is a multimedia fragment download request message, and then the first code rate is obtained by using the multimedia fragment download request message.
  • the step S401 may be performed before the step S402, or may be performed after the step S402, and may be performed simultaneously with the step S402, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal sends the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment and the first media identifier to the access network device, and the access network device receives the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment and the first code rate.
  • the access network device determines the second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information, where the MPD file information includes the first code rate and the second code rate.
  • the access network device determines whether the first code rate needs to be adjusted according to the network status. If it is determined that the first code rate needs to be adjusted, the access network device determines the adjusted second code by querying the MPD file information. rate. If it is determined that the first code rate does not need to be adjusted, the second code rate is equal to the first code rate.
  • the network status includes but is not limited to: network load and channel quality.
  • the network load can be reflected in the number of users connected to the access network device, the amount of traffic currently served by the access network device, the bandwidth available to the access network device, and the physical resource block (English: Physical Resource Block, referred to as PRB) ) usage, etc.
  • PRB Physical Resource Block
  • the access network device may query, according to the first media identifier sent by the terminal (specifically, the three identifiers of the Period ID, the Adaptation Set ID, and the Representation ID), the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, from the MPD file information.
  • the first media identifier sent by the terminal specifically, the three identifiers of the Period ID, the Adaptation Set ID, and the Representation ID
  • the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file information.
  • a plurality of Representations corresponding to the two identifiers of the Period ID and the Adaptation Set ID are obtained, and the code rate corresponding to each Representation is obtained, and the code rate other than the first code rate can be used as the second code rate.
  • the access network device can find two Representations based on the IDs of the two IDs, which are respectively Representation. 1 and Representation 2.
  • the Representation 1 corresponds to a code rate of 500 kbps
  • the Representation 2 corresponds to a code rate of 250 kbps.
  • the Representation ID of the first media identifier sent by the terminal is 1, and the access network device can determine that the first code rate is Representation 1 corresponding.
  • the code rate, that is, 500 kbps, then the code rate of 250 kbps corresponding to another Representation 2 can be determined as the second code rate.
  • the access network device searches for the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to the identifier of the target multimedia segment carried in the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal, and searches for multiple Representations corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file information, and obtains
  • the code rate corresponding to each Representation can be used as the second code rate except for the code rate other than the first code rate.
  • the access network device determines that the first code rate needs to be increased according to the current network state, the access network device searches for the code rate greater than the first code rate from the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, thereby determining If the access network device determines that the first code rate needs to be reduced according to the current network state, the access network device searches for the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment to find whether there is less than the first code rate. The code rate, thereby determining the second code rate.
  • the target multimedia segment still has a second code rate and is 250 Kbit/s. If the number of users currently accessed by the access network device is large, or the current service volume is large. When the currently available bandwidth is small, the network load is heavy, and the access network device adjusts the first code rate to 500 Kbit/s to 250 Kbit/s, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device and reducing access. The load pressure of the network device. Or assuming that the first code rate is 250 Kbit/s, and the target multimedia segment still has a second code rate, and is 500 Kbit/s.
  • the access network device adjusts the first code rate to 250 Kbit/s to 500 Kbit/s, thereby improving the utilization of the radio resources of the access network device, and
  • the terminal receives multimedia segments of higher bit rate, improves the quality of video (or audio) playback, and improves the user experience of watching video.
  • the access network device sends the first information to the terminal, where the first information is used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the first information includes a second media identifier.
  • the terminal sends the multimedia segment download request message to the server to download the target multimedia segment
  • the terminal sends the first media identifier to the access network device to request the access network device to adjust the first code rate selected by the terminal
  • the access network device may send the second media identifier corresponding to the adjusted second code rate to the terminal, where the second media identifier may be a Representation ID.
  • the terminal receives the second media identifier sent by the access network device, and then searches for the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, and searches the MPD file information for the second code rate corresponding to the second media identifier and the URL corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the corresponding target multimedia segment is downloaded from the server according to the URL at the second code rate.
  • the access network device may send, to the terminal, a second RRC message that includes the second media identifier.
  • the terminal receives the second RRC message that is sent by the access network device and includes the second media identifier, and obtains the second media identifier from the second RRC message.
  • the second RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the access network device may further send a second MAC message including the second media identifier to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the second MAC message that is sent by the access network device and includes the second media identifier, and obtains the second media identifier from the second MAC message.
  • the second MAC message may be a MAC CE in the prior art, or may be a newly defined MAC message in the communication protocol.
  • the access network device can also directly send the second code rate to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the second code rate sent by the access network device.
  • the access network device may send an eighth RRC message or an eighth MAC message that includes the second code rate to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the MAC message or the eighth RRC message that is sent by the access network device and includes the second code rate, and obtains the second code rate from the MAC message or the eighth RRC message.
  • the eighth RRC message may be a newly defined RRC message in the communication protocol.
  • the eighth MAC message may be a MAC CE in the prior art, or may be a newly defined MAC message in the communication protocol.
  • the terminal wants to download Segment1, and the first code rate selected by the terminal is 500 kbps. If the access network device adjusts 500 kbps to 250 kbps according to the current network state, and sends the 250 kbps corresponding media identifier Representation 2 to the terminal, the terminal receives The media identifier Representation 2 sent by the access network device. The terminal searches for the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to Representation 2, determines that the second code rate is 250 kbps, and then downloads the Segment1 corresponding to 250 kbps.
  • the first information includes a target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate.
  • the multimedia segment download request message carries the identifier of the target multimedia segment requested by the terminal, and the first code rate and the target used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment.
  • the access network device After determining the second code rate, the access network device searches for the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment to obtain the URL of the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate, and then sends another multimedia segment download request message to the server.
  • the multimedia clip download request message includes a second code rate corresponding to the URL of the target multimedia clip to download the target multimedia clip that meets the second code rate.
  • the multimedia clip download request message may further include a second code rate.
  • the server sends the target multimedia segment of the second bit rate to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the target multimedia segment of the second code rate sent by the server, and sends the target multimedia segment of the second code rate to the terminal, where the terminal receives the target multimedia segment of the second code rate sent by the access network device.
  • the access network device may further send the indication information to the terminal to notify the terminal that the code rate has been adjusted, and may also be adjusted.
  • the second bit rate is sent to the terminal.
  • the terminal wants to download the Segment1, and sends a multimedia fragment download request message for the Segment1 to the server through the access network device, where the multimedia fragment download request message includes the identifier of the Segment1, the first code rate of 500 kbps, and the URL corresponding to the Segment1 (such as http). ://www.e.com/dash-5-1).
  • the access network device learns that the first code rate selected by the terminal is 500 kbps, adjusts 500 kbps to 250 kbps according to the current network state, and searches for the 250 kbps URL corresponding to the Segment1 from the MPD file information, assuming For http://www.e.com/dash-7-1, download the fragment Segment1 with a code rate of 250kbps from the http://www.e.com/dash-7-1 address and download it.
  • the segment 1 of 250 kbps is sent to the terminal.
  • the access network device may also download the resolution corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to the MPD file information.
  • the resolution adjustment method refer to the above rate adjustment method, which will not be described here.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network status, so that the terminal downloads the adjusted target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate, which can ensure selection.
  • the chosen code rate is appropriate and guarantees a better user experience.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of an access network device acquiring MPD file information.
  • the process includes steps S501-S504, wherein the detailed description of each step is as follows:
  • S501 The terminal sends an MPD file request message to the server.
  • the server receives the MPD file request message sent by the terminal.
  • the MPD file request message carries an identifier of the target multimedia segment that the terminal requests to download.
  • the terminal sends the MPD file request message to the access network device, and the access network device receives the MPD file request message sent by the terminal, and then sends the MPD file request message to the server.
  • the access network device only transparently transmits the MPD file request message without parsing the content therein.
  • S502 The server sends an MPD file response message to the terminal according to the MPD file request message.
  • the terminal receives the MPD file response message sent by the server.
  • the MPD file response message includes the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the server sends an MPD file response message to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the MPD file response message sent by the server, and then sends the MPD file response message to the terminal. In this process, the access network device transparently transmits only the MPD file response message without parsing the content therein.
  • S503 The terminal acquires MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message.
  • the terminal sends the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment sent by the terminal.
  • the access network device can directly obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of an access network device acquiring MPD file information.
  • the process includes steps S601-S605, wherein the detailed description of each step is as follows:
  • S601 The terminal sends an MPD file request message to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the MPD file request message sent by the terminal.
  • the MPD file request message may carry the identifier of the target multimedia segment or the identifier of the multimedia file to which the target multimedia segment belongs.
  • the access network device receives the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and performs application layer parsing on the received message, thereby determining that the message is an MPD file request message.
  • the access network device sends an MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server.
  • the server receives the MPD file request message sent by the access network device.
  • S603 The server sends an MPD file response message to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the MPD file response message sent by the server.
  • the MPD file response message includes the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the access network device After the access network device sends the MPD file request message to the server, it starts to listen to the MPD file response message returned by the server. If the access network device receives the MPD file response message returned by the server, the application layer parses the received message, thereby The message is determined to be an MPD file response message, and the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment is obtained from the MPD file response message.
  • the access network device obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message.
  • S605 The access network device sends an MPD file response message to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the MPD file response message sent by the access network device.
  • the access network device parses the MPD file response message sent by the server in the subsequent process when it determines that the message sent by the terminal is an MPD file request message, instead of parsing and processing all the data sent by the server, The overhead of the access network device.
  • the access network device can monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response message sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message, and then obtain the MPD file information from the MPD file response message. .
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to send the MPD file information to the access network device, which reduces the complexity and system overhead of the terminal.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a target multimedia segment for downloading a second code rate by a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process includes steps S701-S706, and the detailed description of each step is as follows:
  • the terminal sends the first media identifier to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the first media identifier sent by the terminal.
  • the first media identifier is used by the access network device to determine the first code rate.
  • the access network device queries the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to the first media identifier, obtains the first code rate, and determines the second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information.
  • the access network device sends a second media identifier to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the second media identifier sent by the access network device.
  • the second media identifier is used by the terminal to determine the second code rate.
  • S704 The terminal queries the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to the second media identifier, and acquires the second code rate and the URL corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • S705 The terminal sends a multimedia segment download request message to the server.
  • the server receives the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal.
  • the multimedia segment download request message includes a second code rate, an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and a URL.
  • the server determines the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the URL.
  • the terminal sends the multimedia segment download request message to the access network device, and the access network device receives the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal, and sends the multimedia segment download request message to the server, in the process, the access network
  • the device only transparently transmits the multimedia fragment download request message without parsing the content therein.
  • S706 The server sends the target multimedia segment of the second bit rate to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the target multimedia segment of the second code rate sent by the server.
  • the server sends the target multimedia segment of the second code rate to the access network device, and the access network device receives the target multimedia segment of the second code rate sent by the server, and sends the target multimedia segment of the second code rate to the target multimedia segment. terminal.
  • the terminal may first adjust the first code rate selected by the terminal by the access network device, and the terminal downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the adjusted code rate, thereby ensuring the selected code.
  • the rate is appropriate and a better user experience can be guaranteed.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a target multimedia segment for downloading a second code rate by a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process includes steps S801-S805, and the detailed description of each step is as follows:
  • the terminal sends a first multimedia segment download request message to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the first multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal.
  • the first multimedia segment download request message carries the identifier of the target multimedia segment that the terminal requests to download, the first code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment, and the URL corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the access network device obtains a first code rate from the first multimedia segment download request message, and determines a second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information.
  • the access network device sends a second multimedia segment download request message to the server.
  • the server receives the second multimedia segment download request message sent by the access network device.
  • the second multimedia segment download request message carries the identifier, the second code rate, and the URL of the target multimedia segment.
  • S804 The server sends the target multimedia segment of the second bit rate to the access network device.
  • the access network device receives the target multimedia segment of the second code rate sent by the server.
  • the access network device sends the target multimedia segment of the second bit rate to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the target multimedia segment of the second code rate sent by the access network device.
  • the terminal may adjust the first code rate selected by the terminal by the access network device, and then download the target multimedia segment according to the adjusted code rate, and then adjust the code.
  • the target multimedia segment corresponding to the rate is sent to the terminal, which can ensure that the selected code rate is appropriate, and can ensure a better user experience.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a related device for implementing the implementation method.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the access network device 90 includes at least one processor 901 and a transceiver 902.
  • the processor 901 and the transceiver 902 can be connected by a bus or other means.
  • the bus can be an industry standard architecture (English: Industry Standard Architecture, ISA for short) bus, external device interconnection (English: Peripheral Component Interconnect, referred to as: PCI) bus, extended standard architecture (English: Extended Industry Standard Architecture , referred to as: EISA) bus, integrated circuit (English: Inter Integrated Circuit, referred to as: IIC) bus.
  • PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
  • EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
  • IIC Inter Integrated Circuit
  • the processor 901 may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • the processor 901 may further include a hardware chip.
  • the hardware chip may be a combination of one or more of the following: dedicated integration. Circuit (English: Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Complex Programmable Logic Device (English: Complex Programmable Logic Device, CPLD) .
  • the processor 901 can process the data received through the transceiver 902.
  • Processor 901 can also process data to be transmitted to transceiver 902 for transmission over the antenna.
  • the processor 901 is configured to perform wireless channel management, and control the handover of the terminal device in the control area.
  • the processor 901 may include: a module for voice channel exchange and information exchange, which is used to complete call processing and signaling.
  • a module for voice channel exchange and information exchange which is used to complete call processing and signaling.
  • a module for management, radio resource management, radio link management, and circuit maintenance functions and a module for performing multiplexing demultiplexing and code conversion functions.
  • the transceiver 902 is configured to perform a transmission process, such as modulation, on the mobile communication signal generated by the processor 901, and is also used for receiving processing, such as demodulation, on the mobile communication signal received by the antenna.
  • a transmission process such as modulation
  • demodulation processing
  • the access network device 90 further includes a memory 903 for storing program codes and transmitting the program codes to the CPU.
  • the memory 903 is configured to store the multimedia transmission program code and the MPD file information described in the above embodiments.
  • the memory 903 may include a volatile memory (English: Volatile Memory), such as a random access memory (English: Random Access Memory, RAM); the memory 903 may also include a non-volatile memory (English: Non-volatile Memory).
  • the memory 903 may also include a combination of the above types of memories.
  • the memory 903 is connected to the processor 901 via a bus.
  • the access network device 90 may further include a network interface 904 and a power module 905.
  • Network interface 904 includes an interface for access network device 90 to communicate data with terminals (e.g., MSs in 2G, UEs in 3G and 4G, and terminals in future 5G networks, etc.).
  • the network interface 904 may include one or more of a GSM (2G) wireless network interface, a WCDMA (3G) wireless network interface, and an LTE (4G) wireless network interface, or may be a future 5G wireless network. interface.
  • Network interface 904 also includes an interface for access network device 90 to communicate data with the server.
  • the network interface 904 can include: an Ethernet interface.
  • the power module 905 is used to supply power to various modules of the access network device 90.
  • processor 901 and the transceiver 902 are configured to perform the following operations:
  • the processor 901 acquires MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, where the target multimedia segment is a multimedia segment requested by the terminal to be downloaded;
  • the processor 901 obtains a first code rate, where the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment;
  • the processor 901 determines a second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information, where the MPD file information includes the first code rate and the second code rate;
  • the transceiver 902 sends the first information to the terminal, where the first information is used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network state, so that the terminal downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the adjusted second code rate, and the selected code rate can be guaranteed. It is suitable and can guarantee a better user experience.
  • the processor 901 obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, including:
  • the processor 901 obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment according to the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, and the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment is obtained by the terminal from the server.
  • the access network device can directly obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the processor 901 obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, including:
  • the processor 901 obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message, where
  • the MPD file response message is a response of the server to the MPD file request message sent by the terminal, and the MPD file request message is used to request to acquire the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia piece.
  • the access network device can monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response message sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message, and then obtain the MPD file information from the MPD file response message. .
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to send the MPD file information to the access network device, which reduces the complexity and system overhead of the terminal.
  • the processor 901 obtains the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message, including:
  • the processor 901 acquires MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message according to the first indication information from the terminal.
  • the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content, and the access network is in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device needs to parse the MPD file response message, and obtain the MPD file information from the access network device, and the access network device can monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information sent by the terminal, and obtain the MPD file from the MPD file response message.
  • Information rather than parsing all messages sent by the server, reduces the overhead of the access network device.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device 90 by using a third RRC message.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device 90 by using a third MAC message.
  • the processor 901 obtains the first code rate, including:
  • the processor 901 acquires the first code rate from the MPD file information according to the first media identifier from the terminal.
  • the first media identifier may be sent to the access network device by using the first RRC message.
  • the first media identifier may be sent to the access network device by using the first MAC message.
  • the transceiver 902 sends the first information to the terminal, including:
  • the transceiver 902 sends a second media identifier to the terminal, where the second media identifier is used to instruct the terminal to obtain the second code rate from the MPD file information according to the second media identifier, and download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate from the server.
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using a second RRC message.
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using a second MAC message.
  • the processor 901 acquires the obtained first code rate, including:
  • the processor 901 obtains a first code rate from a multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server; the multimedia segment download request includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the first code rate. Corresponding target multimedia clip.
  • the access network device obtains the first code rate directly from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal by listening to the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal, which is simple and convenient.
  • the transceiver 902 sends the first information to the terminal, including:
  • the transceiver 902 sends the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate to the terminal, and the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal 100 shown in FIG. 10 includes a processor 1001 and a transceiver 1002 including one or more processing cores.
  • the terminal 100 may further include a memory 1003, an input device 1004, an output device 1005, and a sensor 1006.
  • the terminal structure shown in FIG. 10 does not constitute a limitation to the terminal, and may include more or less components than those illustrated, or combine some components, or different component arrangements. among them:
  • the transceiver 1002 can be used for transmitting and receiving information or for receiving and transmitting signals during a call, in particular, receiving downlink information of the access network device and then processing it by one or more processors 1001; The data is sent to the access network device.
  • the transceiver 1002 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card, a transceiver, a coupler, and low noise.
  • SIM Subscriber Identity Module
  • Amplifier English: Low Noise Amplifier, referred to as: LNA
  • duplexer etc.
  • the transceiver 1002 can also communicate with the network and other terminal devices through wireless communication.
  • Wireless communication can use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to GSM, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS: GPRS), CDMA, WCDMA, LTE, e-mail, short message service (English: Short) Messaging Service, referred to as: SMS).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • e-mail e-mail
  • SMS short message service
  • the memory 1003 can be used to store multimedia transfer program code programs and modules, and the processor 1001 executes various functional applications and data processing by running computer programs and modules stored in the memory 1003.
  • the memory 1003 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may be stored according to The data created by the use of the terminal 100 (such as photographed photos, audio data, video data, etc.) and the like.
  • the memory 1003 may include a high speed random access memory, and may also include a nonvolatile memory such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device. Accordingly, the memory 1003 may also include a memory controller to provide access to the memory 1003 by the processor 1001 and the input device 1004.
  • Input device 1004 can be used to receive input numeric or character information, as well as to generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal inputs related to user settings and function controls.
  • input device 1004 can include touch-sensitive surface 10041 as well as other input devices 10042.
  • Touch-sensitive surface 10041 also referred to as a touch display panel or trackpad, can collect touch operations on or near the user (eg, the user uses a finger, stylus, etc., on any touch-sensitive surface 10041 or on the touch-sensitive surface 10041 The operation near the touch-sensitive surface 10041) and driving the corresponding connecting device according to a preset program.
  • the touch-sensitive surface 10041 can include two portions of a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • the touch detection device detects the touch orientation of the user, and detects a signal brought by the touch operation, and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives the touch information from the touch detection device, converts the touch information into contact coordinates, and sends the touch information.
  • the processor 1001 is provided and can receive commands from the processor 1001 and execute them.
  • the touch sensitive surface 10041 can be implemented in various types such as resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves.
  • the input device 1004 can also include other input devices 10042.
  • other input devices 10042 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control buttons, switch buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, joysticks, and the like.
  • the output device 1005 can be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user and each of the terminals 100 Graphical user interfaces, which can be composed of graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof.
  • the output device 1005 can include a display panel 10051.
  • the display panel 10051 can be in the form of a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light-emitting diode (English: Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED for short). To configure.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • touch-sensitive surface 10041 can cover the display panel 10041, and when the touch-sensitive surface 10041 detects a touch operation thereon or nearby, it is transmitted to the processor 1001 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 1001 according to the touch event The type provides a corresponding visual output on display panel 10051.
  • touch-sensitive surface 10041 and display panel 10051 are implemented as two separate components to implement input and input functions, in some embodiments, touch-sensitive surface 10041 can be integrated with display panel 10051 for input. And output function.
  • Terminal 100 may also include at least one type of sensor 1006, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors.
  • the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor, wherein the ambient light sensor may adjust the brightness of the display panel 10051 according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor may close the display panel 10051 when the terminal 100 moves to the ear. / or backlight and so on.
  • the gravity acceleration sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in each direction (generally three axes), and can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary, and can be used to identify the attitude of the terminal 100 (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, Related games, magnetometer attitude calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, tapping), etc.; as well as other sensors such as gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors, etc., which can be configured in the terminal 100, here No longer.
  • the audio circuit 1007, the speaker 10071, and the microphone 10072 can provide an audio interface between the user and the terminal 100.
  • the audio circuit 1007 can transmit the converted electrical data of the received audio data to the speaker 10071, and convert it into a sound signal output by the speaker 10071.
  • the microphone 10072 converts the collected sound signal into an electrical signal, by the audio circuit 1007. After receiving, it is converted into audio data, and then processed by the audio data output processor 1001, transmitted to the terminal, for example, via the transceiver 1002, or outputted to the memory 1003 for further processing.
  • the audio circuit 1007 may also include an earbud jack to provide communication of the peripheral earphones with the terminal 100.
  • WiFi is a short-range wireless transmission technology
  • the terminal 100 can help users to send and receive emails, browse web pages, and access streaming media through the WiFi module 1008, which provides wireless broadband Internet access for users.
  • FIG. 10 shows the WiFi module 1008, it can be understood that it does not belong to the essential configuration of the terminal 100, and may be omitted as needed within the scope of not changing the essence of the invention.
  • the processor 1001 is a control center of the terminal 100, which connects various parts of the entire terminal 100 using various interfaces and lines, by running or executing computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory 1003, and calling data stored in the memory 1003.
  • the various functions and processing data of the terminal 100 are executed to perform overall monitoring of the terminal 100.
  • the processor 1001 may include one or more processing cores; preferably, the processor 1001 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, where the application processor mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application, and the like.
  • the modem processor primarily handles wireless communications. It can be understood that the above modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 1001.
  • the terminal 100 further includes a power source 1009 (such as a battery) for supplying power to the various components.
  • the power source can be logically connected to the processor 1001 through the power management system to manage functions such as charging, discharging, and power management through the power management system.
  • the power supply 1009 may also include any one or more of a DC or AC power source, a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator, and the like.
  • the terminal 100 may further include a camera, a Bluetooth module, and the like, and details are not described herein again.
  • the output device 1005 (or the input device 1004) of the terminal is a touch screen display, and the terminal 100 further includes a memory 1003, a processor 1001, and one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more computers The program is stored in the memory 1003, and the manager of the processor 1001 for calling the multimedia file stored in the memory 1003 (non-volatile memory) performs the following steps.
  • the transceiver 1002 is configured to perform the following operations:
  • the transceiver 1002 sends a first message, where the first message is used by the access network device to obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, and the target multimedia segment is the multimedia segment that the terminal requests to download;
  • the transceiver 1002 sends a second message to the access network device.
  • the second message is used by the access network device to obtain the first code rate, and determines a second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information, where the first code is used.
  • the transceiver 1002 receives the first information sent by the access network device, where the first information is used by the terminal 100 to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network state, so that the terminal downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the adjusted second code rate, and the selected code rate can be guaranteed. It is suitable and can guarantee a better user experience.
  • the first message includes the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the terminal can directly send the MPD file corresponding to the target multimedia segment to the access network device, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the first message is an MPD file request message
  • the MPD file request message is used to request to acquire the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment.
  • the terminal may send an MPD file request message to the access network device, and the access network device may monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message.
  • the message, and then the MPD file information is obtained from the MPD file response message.
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to send the MPD file information to the access network device, which reduces the complexity and system overhead of the terminal.
  • the transceiver 1002 before the transceiver 1002 sends the first message to the access network device, the transceiver 1002 is further configured to:
  • the first indication information is sent to the access network device, where the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the MPD file information sent by the server.
  • the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content, and the access network is in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device needs to parse the MPD file response message, and obtain the MPD file information from the terminal.
  • the terminal may send the first indication information to the access network device, and the access network device may monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information.
  • the MPD file information is obtained from the MPD file response message instead of parsing all the messages sent by the server, which reduces the system overhead of the access network device.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device by using a third RRC message.
  • the first indication information may be sent to the access network device by using a third MAC message.
  • the second message includes a first media identifier, where the first media identifier is used to indicate that the access network device is configured according to the first The media identifier obtains the first code rate from the MPD file information.
  • the first media identifier may be sent to the access network device by using the first RRC message.
  • the first media identifier may be sent to the access network device by using the first MAC message.
  • the transceiver 1002 receives the first information sent by the access network device, including:
  • the transceiver 1002 receives the second media identifier sent by the access network device, where the second media identifier is used by the terminal to obtain the second code rate corresponding to the second media identifier from the MPD file information, and download the target corresponding to the second code rate from the server. Multimedia clips.
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using a second RRC message.
  • the second media identifier may be sent to the terminal by using a second MAC message.
  • the second message is a multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server, where the multimedia segment download request message includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the first code rate correspondingly.
  • Target multimedia clip is a multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server, where the multimedia segment download request message includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the first code rate correspondingly.
  • Target multimedia clip is a multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server, where the multimedia segment download request message includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the first code rate correspondingly.
  • Target multimedia clip is a multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal to the server, where the multimedia segment download request message includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the first code rate
  • the terminal sends a multimedia segment download request message to the access network device, and the access network device obtains the first code rate directly from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal by listening to the multimedia segment download request message, which is simple and convenient. .
  • the transceiver 1002 receives the first information sent by the access network device, including:
  • the transceiver 1002 receives the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate sent by the access network device, and the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the access network device 110 includes: a first obtaining unit 1101, a second obtaining unit 1102, a determining unit 1103, and a sending unit 1104, where
  • the first acquiring unit 1101 is configured to acquire MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, where the target multimedia segment is a multimedia segment requested by the terminal to be downloaded;
  • a second acquiring unit 1102 configured to acquire a first code rate, where the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment;
  • a determining unit 1103 configured to determine a second code rate according to the first code rate acquired by the second obtaining unit 1102, the network state, and the MPD file information acquired by the first acquiring unit 1101, where the MPD file information includes the first code rate and Second code rate
  • the sending unit 1104 is configured to send, to the terminal, first information, where the first information is used by the terminal according to the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate determined by the first information download determining unit 1103.
  • the access network device 110 is presented in the form of a functional unit.
  • the "unit” herein may refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuits, and/or other functions that can be provided. Device.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network state, so that the terminal downloads the adjusted target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate, thereby ensuring the selected
  • the code rate is appropriate and guarantees a better user experience.
  • the first obtaining unit 1101 is specifically configured to:
  • the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment is obtained according to the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, and the MPD file information is obtained by the terminal from the server.
  • the access network device can directly obtain the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the terminal, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the access network device.
  • the first obtaining unit 1101 is specifically configured to:
  • the MPD file response message is a response of the server to the MPD file request message sent by the terminal, and the MPD file request message is used to request to acquire the MPD file corresponding to the target multimedia segment. information.
  • the access network device can monitor the MPD file request message sent by the terminal to the server, and monitor the MPD file response message sent by the server to the terminal according to the MPD file request message, and then obtain the MPD file information from the MPD file response message. .
  • the access network device intercepts the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to send the MPD file information to the access network device, which reduces the complexity and system overhead of the terminal.
  • the first obtaining unit 1101 is specifically configured to:
  • the MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment from the MPD file response message according to the first indication information from the terminal, where the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to obtain the MPD file information sent by the server.
  • the access network device because the MPD file response message belongs to the application layer message, according to the normal processing procedure, the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content therein, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the access network The device needs to parse the MPD file response message, and obtain the MPD file information from the access network device, and the access network device can monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information sent by the terminal, and obtain the MPD file from the MPD file response message. Information, rather than parsing all messages sent by the server, reduces the overhead of the access network device.
  • the second obtaining unit 1102 is specifically configured to:
  • the sending unit 1104 is specifically configured to:
  • the second obtaining unit 1102 is specifically configured to:
  • the multimedia segment download request message includes a first code rate and an identifier of the target multimedia segment, and the multimedia segment download request is used to request to download the first code rate corresponding to the Target multimedia clip.
  • the access network device obtains the first code rate directly from the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal by listening to the multimedia segment download request message sent by the terminal, which is simple and convenient.
  • the sending unit 1104 is specifically configured to:
  • the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate determined by the determining unit 1103 is sent to the terminal, and the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal 120 includes: a first sending unit 1201, a second sending unit 1202, and a receiving unit 1203, where
  • the first sending unit 1201 is configured to send a first message to the access network device, where the first message is used by the access network device to obtain the media representation description MPD file information corresponding to the target multimedia segment, and the target multimedia segment is the multimedia segment requested by the terminal to download. ;
  • the second sending unit 1202 is configured to send a second message to the access network device, where the second message is used by the access network device to obtain the first code rate, and determine the second code rate according to the first code rate, the network state, and the MPD file information.
  • the first code rate is a code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment, and the MPD file information includes the first code rate and the second code rate;
  • the receiving unit 1203 is configured to receive the first information sent by the access network device, where the first information is used by the terminal 120 to download the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate according to the first information.
  • the terminal 120 is presented in the form of a functional unit.
  • a "unit” herein may refer to an ASIC, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuitry, and/or other devices that provide functionality.
  • the access network device adjusts the code rate used by the terminal to download the target multimedia segment according to the network state, so that the terminal downloads the target multimedia segment corresponding to the adjusted second code rate, and the selected code rate can be guaranteed. It is suitable and can guarantee a better user experience.
  • the terminal 120 further includes:
  • a third sending unit configured to send, by the first sending unit 1201, the first indication information to the access network device, before the first sending unit 1201 sends the first message to the access network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the access network device obtains the sending by the server MPD file information.
  • the access network device because the MPD file response message belongs to the application layer message, according to the normal processing procedure, the access network device only transparently transmits the message without parsing the specific content therein, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the access network The device needs to parse the MPD file response message, and obtain the MPD file information from the terminal.
  • the terminal may send the first indication information to the access network device, and the access network device may monitor the MPD file information sent by the server to the terminal according to the first indication information.
  • the MPD file information is obtained from the MPD file response message instead of parsing all the messages sent by the server, which reduces the system overhead of the access network device.
  • the receiving unit 1203 is specifically configured to:
  • the receiving unit 1203 is specifically configured to:
  • the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate sent by the access network device is received, and the target multimedia segment corresponding to the second code rate is downloaded from the server by the access network device.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • a single controller or other unit may fulfill several of the functions recited in the claims. Certain wordings are recited in mutually different dependent claims, but this does not mean that the words are not combined to produce a good effect.
  • the computer program can be stored/distributed in a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium, provided with other hardware or as part of the hardware, or by other means of distribution, such as over the Internet (English: Internet) or other wired Or wireless system.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种多媒体传输方法、接入网设备及终端，该方法包括：接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，所述目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；所述接入网设备获取第一码率，所述第一码率为所述终端下载所述目标多媒体片段所采用的码率；所述接入网设备根据所述第一码率、网络状态以及所述MPD文件信息确定第二码率，MPD文件信息中包含所述第一码率和所述第二码率；所述接入网设备向所述终端发送第一信息，第一信息用于所述终端根据所述第一信息下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。采用本发明实施例，接入网设备根据网络状态对多媒体传输的码率进行调整，保障选择的码率是合适的，提高用户体验。

Description

多媒体传输方法、接入网设备及终端 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种多媒体传输方法、接入网设备及终端。
背景技术
基于超文本传输协议(英文：Hypertext Transfer Protocol，简称：HTTP)的动态自适应流(英文：Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP，简称：DASH)是第三代合作伙伴计划(英文：The 3rd Generation Partnership Program，简称：3GPP)提出的，以使流媒体在带宽波动较大时流畅播放的协议。图1为DASH***的架构示意图，如图1所示，DASH***包括：DASH客户端和DASH服务器，其中，DASH服务器包括：DASH内容准备模块、DASH媒体表示描述(英文：Media Presentation Description，简称：MPD)文件分发功能模块、DASH媒体分片(英文：Segment)分发功能模块。
DASH***的工作原理是将多媒体(例如视频、音频等)信息切分为许多小的多媒体片段存储于DASH服务器上，每个多媒体片段会被制作成不同码率的分块样本，用于覆盖不同的带宽状况。DASH客户端获取并解析与多媒体信息对应的MPD文件，从MPD文件中获取各个多媒体片段的相关描述，包括每个多媒体片段的统一资源定位符(英文：Uniform Resource Locator，简称：URL)地址、开始播放时间和持续时间、视频的分辨率、码率等，并根据MPD文件获取并播放多媒体信息。现有的DASH协议支持自适应码率的切换，即同一源媒体流可以产生多个不同码率的视频片段，DASH服务器的内容准备模块在源媒体流输入的时候，按照源媒体流提供方的指定码率通常以兆位每秒(英文：Megabits Per Second，简称：Mbps)为单位，比如说20Mbps、50Mbps、100Mbps，对源媒体流内容进行不同质量级别的编码，生成不同码率的媒体文件，并将这些不同码率的媒体文件切割分片生成流媒体片段Segment文件，同时生成相应的MPD文件，其中MPD文件为客户端提供Segment的详细描述信息，包括码率、分辨率、URL地址、Segment时间长短等，因此MPD文件可以同时提供不同码率的视频片段的访问地址。
具体的，传统技术中的多媒体传输方法的流程可参见图2，如图2所示，DASH客户端在进行视频播放之前，首先向DASH服务器发送MPD文件请求消息(HTTP request for MPD)，目的是为了请求获取该视频对应的MPD文件。DASH服务器接收到该MPD文件请求消息后，DASH服务器的MPD文件分发功能模块向DASH客户端发送MPD文件(MPS response)，DASH客户端获取到MPD文件，就可以获知该视频中每个视频片段(即Segment文件)的访问地址(即URL)，然后DASH客户端向访问地址对应的DASH服务器发送视频片段下载请求消息(HTTP request for Media segment)，该视频片段下载请求消息包含DASH客户端选定的码率，目的是为了获得符合该码率的Segment文件，DASH服务器接收到该视频片段下载请求消息后，DASH服务器的Segment分发功能模块向DASH客户端发送其选定的码率对应的Segment文件(Media segment response)。
传统技术中，自适应码率的选择完全是由DASH客户端控制执行的，DASH客户端根据其自身的网络带宽、缓存区数据量等参数，来自适应选择不同码率对应的视频片段进行 下载，但在实际应用中，DASH客户端只能根据自身的网络带宽和缓存区数据量来选择码率，因此，无法保证选择的码率是合适的。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种多媒体传输方法、接入网设备及终端，接入网设备根据网络状态对多媒体传输的码率进行调整，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，提高用户体验。
第一方面，提供了一种多媒体传输方法。该方法包括：接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，该目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段。接入网设备获取第一码率，第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率。接入网设备根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率。其中MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率。接入网设备向终端发送第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种实现方式中，对接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息进行描述。接入网设备根据来自终端的目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，该MPD文件信息为终端从服务器获取到的。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备可以直接从终端获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第二种实现方式中，对接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息进行描述。接入网设备从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中，MPD文件响应消息是服务器对终端发送的MPD文件请求消息的响应，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息，无需终端再向接入网设备发送MPD文件信息，降低了终端的复杂度和***开销。
结合第一方面的第二种实现方式，在第一方面的第三种实现方式中，在接入网设备接收终端发送的MPD文件请求消息之前，接入网设备接收终端发送的第一指示信息。接入网设备从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息具体为：接入网设备根据来自终端的第一指示信息，从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述步骤，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，接入网设备可以根据终端发送的第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息 中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种实现方式，或第一方面的第二种实现方式，或第一方面的第三种实现方式，在第一方面的第四种实现方式中，对接入网设备获取第一码率进行描述。接入网设备根据来自终端的第一媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第一码率。这里，第一媒体标识用于指示终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的第一码率。
结合第一方面的第四种实现方式，在第一方面的第五种实现方式中，第一媒体标识可以通过第一无线资源控制(英文：Radio Resource Control，简称：RRC)消息或第一媒体访问控制(英文：Media Access Control，简称：MAC)层消息发送给接入网设备。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种实现方式，或第一方面的第二种实现方式，或第一方面的第三种实现方式，或第一方面的第四种实现方式，或第一方面的第五种实现方式，在第一方面的第六种实现方式中，对接入网设备向终端发送第一信息进行描述。接入网设备向终端发送第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于指示终端根据第二媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
结合第一方面的第六种实现方式，在第一方面的第七种实现方式中，第二媒体标识可以通过第二RRC消息或第二MAC消息发送给终端。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种实现方式，或第一方面的第二种实现方式，或第一方面的第三种实现方式，在第一方面的第八种实现方式中，对接入网设备获取第一码率进行描述。接入网设备从终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率。多媒体片段下载请求中包括第一码率和目标多媒体片段的标识，多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载第一码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备通过监听终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息，直接从终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，简单方便。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种实现方式，或第一方面的第二种实现方式，或第一方面的第三种实现方式，或第一方面的第八种实现方式，在第一方面的第九种实现方式中，对接入网设备向终端发送第一信息进行描述。接入网设备向终端发送第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
结合第一方面的第三种实现方式，在第一方面的第十种实现方式中，第一指示信息可以通过第三RRC消息或第三MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
第二方面，提供了一种多媒体传输方法。该方法包括：终端向接入网设备发送第一消息，第一消息用于接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段。终端向接入网设备发送第二消息。第二消息用于接入网设备获取第一码率并根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率，MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率。终端接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选 择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种实现方式中，第一消息中包括目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述步骤，终端可以直接向接入网设备发送目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第二种实现方式中，第一消息为MPD文件请求消息，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述步骤，终端可以向接入网设备发送MPD文件请求消息，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息，无需终端再向接入网设备发送MPD文件信息，降低了终端的复杂度和***开销。
结合第二方面的第二种实现方式，在第二方面的第三种实现方式中，终端向接入网设备发送第一消息之前，终端还向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述步骤，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，终端可以向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，接入网设备可以根据第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
结合第二方面，或第二方面的第一种实现方式，或第二方面的第二种实现方式，或第二方面的第三种实现方式，在第二方面的第四种实现方式中，第二消息中包括第一媒体标识，第一媒体标识用于指示接入网设备根据第一媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第一码率。
结合第二方面的第四种实现方式，在第二方面的第五种实现方式中，终端可以通过第一RRC消息或第一MAC消息将第一媒体标识发送给接入网设备。
结合第二方面，或第二方面的第一种实现方式，或第二方面的第二种实现方式，或第二方面的第三种实现方式，或第二方面的第四种实现方式，或第二方面的第五种实现方式，在第二方面的第六种实现方式中，对终端接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，并根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段进行描述。终端接收接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于终端从MPD文件信息中获取第二媒体标识对应的第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
结合第二方面的第六种实现方式，在第二方面的第七种实现方式中，第二媒体标识可以通过第二RRC消息或第二MAC消息发送给终端。
结合第二方面，或第二方面的第一种实现方式，或第二方面的第二种实现方式，或第二方面的第三种实现方式，在第二方面的第八种实现方式中，第二消息为终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息，多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括第一码率和目标多媒体片段的标识，多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载第一码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述步骤，终端向接入网设备发送多媒体片段下载请求消息，接入网设备通过监听该多媒体片段下载请求消息，直接从终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，简单方便。
结合第二方面，或第二方面的第一种实现方式，或第二方面的第二种实现方式，或第二方面的第三种实现方式，或第二方面的第八种实现方式，在第二方面的第九种实现方式中，对终端接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，并根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段进行描述。终端接收接入网设备发送的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
结合第二方面的第二种实现方式，在第二方面的第十种实现方式中，第一指示信息可以通过第三RRC消息或第三MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
第三方面，提供了一种接入网设备，包括处理器和收发器，其中，处理器用于执行如下操作：处理器获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，该目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段。处理器获取第一码率，第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率。处理器根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率。其中MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率。收发器向终端发送第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种实现方式中，对处理器获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息进行描述。处理器根据来自终端的目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，该MPD文件信息为终端从服务器获取到的。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备可以直接从终端获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第二种实现方式中，对处理器获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息进行描述。处理器从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中，MPD文件响应消息是服务器对终端发送的MPD文件请求消息的响应，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息，无需终端再向接入网设备发送MPD文件信息，降低了终端的复杂度和***开销。
结合第三方面的第二种实现方式，在第三方面的第三种实现方式中，处理器从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息具体为：处理器根据来自终端的第一指示信息，从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设 备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，接入网设备可以根据终端发送的第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
结合第三方面，或第三方面的第一种实现方式，或第三方面的第二种实现方式，或第三方面的第三种实现方式，在第三方面的第四种实现方式中，对处理器获取第一码率进行描述。处理器根据来自终端的第一媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第一码率。这里，第一媒体标识用于指示终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的第一码率。
结合第三方面的第四种实现方式，在第三方面的第五种实现方式中，第一媒体标识可以通过第一RRC消息或第一MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
结合第三方面，或第三方面的第一种实现方式，或第三方面的第二种实现方式，或第三方面的第三种实现方式，或第三方面的第四种实现方式，或第三方面的第五种实现方式，在第三方面的第六种实现方式中，对收发器向终端发送第一信息进行描述。收发器向终端发送第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于指示终端根据第二媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
结合第三方面的第六种实现方式，在第三方面的第七种实现方式中，第二媒体标识可以通过第二RRC消息或第二MAC消息发送给终端。
结合第三方面，或第三方面的第一种实现方式，或第三方面的第二种实现方式，或第三方面的第三种实现方式，在第三方面的第八种实现方式中，对处理器获取第一码率进行描述。处理器从终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率。多媒体片段下载请求中包括第一码率和目标多媒体片段的标识，多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载第一码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备通过监听终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息，直接从终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，简单方便。
结合第三方面，或第三方面的第一种实现方式，或第三方面的第二种实现方式，或第三方面的第三种实现方式，或第三方面的第八种实现方式，在第三方面的第九种实现方式中，对收发器向终端发送第一信息进行描述。收发器向终端发送第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
结合第三方面的第三种实现方式，在第三方面的第十种实现方式中，第一指示信息可以通过第三RRC消息或第三MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
第四方面，提供了一种终端，其特征在于，包括收发器，其中，收发器用于执行如下操作：收发器向接入网设备发送第一消息，第一消息用于接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段。收发器向接入网设备发送第二消息。第二消息用于接入网设备获取第一码率并根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率，MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率。收发器接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的 码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第一种实现方式中，第一消息中包括目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，终端可以直接向接入网设备发送目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第二种实现方式中，第一消息为MPD文件请求消息，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，终端可以向接入网设备发送MPD文件请求消息，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息。
结合第四方面的第二种实现方式，在第四方面的第三种实现方式中，收发器向接入网设备发送第一消息之前，收发器还用于：向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，终端可以向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，接入网设备可以根据第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
结合第四方面，或第四方面的第一种实现方式，或第四方面的第二种实现方式，或第四方面的第三种实现方式，在第四方面的第四种实现方式中，第二消息中包括第一媒体标识，第一媒体标识用于指示接入网设备根据第一媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第一码率。
结合第四方面的第四种实现方式，在第四方面的第五种实现方式中，终端可以通过第一RRC消息或第一MAC消息将第一媒体标识发送给接入网设备。
结合第四方面，或第四方面的第一种实现方式，或第四方面的第二种实现方式，或第四方面的第三种实现方式，或第四方面的第四种实现方式，或第四方面的第五种实现方式，在第四方面的第六种实现方式中，对收发器接收接入网设备发送的第一信息进行描述。收发器接收接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于终端从MPD文件信息中获取第二媒体标识对应的第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
结合第四方面的第六种实现方式，在第四方面的第七种实现方式中，第二媒体标识可以通过第二RRC消息或第二MAC消息发送给终端。
结合第四方面，或第四方面的第一种实现方式，或第四方面的第二种实现方式，或第四方面的第三种实现方式，在第四方面的第八种实现方式中，第二消息为多媒体片段下载请求消息，多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括第一码率和目标多媒体片段的标识，多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载第一码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述步骤，终端向接入网设备发送多媒体片段下载请求消息，接入网设备通 过监听该多媒体片段下载请求消息，直接从终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，简单方便。
结合第四方面，或第四方面的第一种实现方式，或第四方面的第二种实现方式，或第四方面的第三种实现方式，或第四方面的第八种实现方式，在第四方面的第九种实现方式中，对收发器接收接入网设备发送的第一信息进行描述。处理器通过收发器接收接入网设备发送的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
结合第四方面的第三种实现方式，在第四方面的第十种实现方式中，第一指示信息可以通过第三RRC消息或第三MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
第五方面，提供了一种接入网设备，接入网设备包括用于执行上述第一方面的多媒体传输方法的模块或单元。
例如，接入网设备包括第一获取单元、第二获取单元、确定单元和发送单元，其中，
第一获取单元，用于获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，该目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
第二获取单元，用于获取第一码率，第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率；
确定单元，用于根据第二获取单元获取的第一码率、网络状态以及第一获取单元获取的MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率；
发送单元，用于向终端发送第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载确定单元确定的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
接入网设备所包括的模块或单元不限于上述命名方式。
第六方面，提供了一种终端，终端包括用于执行上述第二方面的多媒体传输方法的模块或单元。
例如，终端包括第一发送单元、第二发送单元和接收单元，其中，
第一发送单元，用于向接入网设备发送第一消息，第一消息用于接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
第二发送单元，用于向接入网设备发送第二消息；第二消息用于接入网设备获取第一码率并根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率，MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率；
接收单元，用于接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
终端所包括的模块或单元不限于上述命名方式。
第七方面，提供了一种通信***，包括接入网设备、终端和服务器，其中，接入网设备为如上述第三方面或第五方面所描述的接入网设备，终端为上述第四方面或第六方面所描述的终端。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机存储介质，该存储介质可以是非易失性的，即断电后内容不丢失。该存储介质中存储软件程序，该软件程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时 可实现第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种实现方式提供的多媒体传输方法。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机存储介质，该存储介质可以是非易失性的，即断电后内容不丢失。该存储介质中存储软件程序，该软件程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时可实现第二方面或上述第二方面的任意一种实现方式提供的多媒体传输方法。
附图说明
图1是一种DASH***的架构示意图；
图2是传统技术中的多媒体传输方法的流程示意图；
图3是本发明实施例适用的通信***的架构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的多媒体传输方法的流程示意图；
图5是接入网设备获取MPD文件信息实施例一的流程示意图；
图6是接入网设备获取MPD文件信息实施例二的流程示意图；
图7是本发明实施例提供的终端下载第二码率的目标多媒体片段实施例一的流程示意图；
图8是本发明实施例提供的终端下载第二码率的目标多媒体片段实施例二的流程示意图；
图9是本发明实施例提供的接入网设备实施例一的结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例提供的终端实施例一的流程示意图；
图11是本发明实施例提供的接入网设备实施例二的结构示意图；
图12是本发明实施例提供的终端实施例二的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
请参见图3，是本发明实施例适用的通信***的架构示意图。如图3所示，通信***包括终端、接入网设备和服务器，其中，通信***具体可以为DASH***，终端具体可以是DASH客户端，服务器具体可以是DASH服务器。
其中，终端与接入网设备可以通过某种空口技术相互通信。该空口技术可包括：现有的2G(如全球移动通信***(英文：Global System for Mobile Communications，简称：GSM))***、3G(如通用移动通信***(英文：Universal Mobile Telecommunications System，简称：UMTS)、宽带码分多址(英文：WIDeband Code Division Multiple Access，简称：WCDMA)、时分同步码分多址(英文：Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access，简称：TD-SCDMA))***、4G(如FDD LTE、TDD LTE)以及未来即将面世的5G***等。
终端可以是2G网络中的移动台(英文：Mobile Station，简称：MS)，也可以是3G和4G网络中的用户设备(英文：User Equipment，简称：UE)，还可以是未来5G***中的终端。终端包括但不限于：智能手机(如安卓(英文：Android)手机、iOS手机等)、平板电脑、掌上电脑、笔记本电脑、移动互联网设备(英文：Mobile Internet Devices，简称：MID)或穿戴式设备(如智能手表、智能手环等)等具备媒体播放能力的终端设备。
接入网设备可以是GSM或CDMA***中的基站收发信机(英文：Base Transceiver Station，简称：BTS)，也可以是WCDMA***中的基站(英文：NodeB，简称：NB)，还 可以是长期演进(英文：Long Term Evolution，简称：LTE)***中的演进型基站(英文：evolved Node B，简称：eNB)，还可以是未来5G***中的接入网设备等。
本发明实施例中所描述的服务器中存储有多媒体文件(例如视频文件、音频文件)信息。
请参见图4，是本发明实施例提供的多媒体传输方法的流程示意图。如图4所示，该多媒体传输方法可以包括但不限于以下步骤。
S401、接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段。
其中，目标多媒体片段包括但不限于：视频片段或音频片段。
MPD文件是由一系列时间连续且不重叠的媒体时段(英文：Period)组成的，一条完整的多媒体码流可以由一个或多个Period构成，每个Period代表某一个时间段。比如某条码流有60秒时间，Period1从0-15秒，Period2从16秒到40秒，Period3从41秒到60秒。一个Period由一个或者多个自适应集合(英文：Adaptation Set)组成。例如Period1由两个Adaptation Set组成，分别是Adaptation Set1和Adaptation Set2，其中，Adaptation Set1表示视频内容，Adaptation Set2表示音频内容。每个Adaptation Set包含一个或多个媒体文件表示(即Representation)信息。每个Representation包含了码率、分辨率、带宽等多个媒体信息，以及一个或者多个分片(英文：Segment)及各个分片对应的URL。其中，每个分片还可以按时间顺序进一步分为数个彼此时间连续且不重叠的子分片。每个分片或者子分片就是实际的音/视频的片段，其中的任意一个分片或子分片都可以作为本发明实施例中的目标多媒体片段。终端可以根据分片对应的URL，通过HTTP请求消息从服务器上下载该分片。
其中，媒体时段标识(英文：Period ID)和自适应集合标识(英文：Adaptation Set ID)相同的多个Representation是对应同一多媒体文件的不同码率的多个多媒体片段。因此根据Period ID和Adaptation Set ID这两个标识即可确定出同属一个多媒体文件的一组多媒体片段。根据Period ID、Adaptation Set ID和媒体文件表示标识(英文：Representation ID)这三个标识即可确定出一个目标多媒体片段。并且根据Period ID、Adaptation Set ID和Representation ID还可以确定出一个目标多媒体片段对应的媒体信息，包括码率、分辨率等。
作为一种可选的实现方式，接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息的方式可以为：终端在向服务器发送下载目标多媒体片段的请求消息之前，可以先向接入网设备发送目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，该MPD文件信息为终端从服务器获取到之后发送给接入网设备的。接入网设备接收终端发送的MPD文件信息。具体的，该过程可参见图5所示流程示意图，该部分将在下述实施例中进行详细描述。可选的，终端通过第四RRC消息将目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息发送给接入网设备。接入网设备接收终端发送的携带目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息的第四RRC消息，从该第四RRC消息中获取MPD文件信息。其中，该第四RRC消息可以是通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。
作为另一种可选的实现方式，接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息的方式还可以为：接入网设备从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件 信息，其中，MPD文件响应消息是服务器对终端发送的MPD文件请求消息的响应，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。具体的，该过程可参见图6所示流程示意图，该部分将在下述实施例中进行详细描述。需要说明的是，终端发送的MPD文件请求消息以及服务器发送的MPD文件响应消息都属于HTTP层消息，即应用层消息，并承载在用户面承载上传输的。因此，对于接入网设备而言，HTTP层消息被认为是用户面数据，按照现有技术的处理方式，接入网设备只做透传，即只对接收到的数据解析到分组数据汇聚协议(英文：Packet Data Convergence Protocol，简称：PDCP)层，而对上层协议(例如HTTP层)内容不作解析处理。但在本发明实施例中，接入网设备接收到终端发送的数据包后，会对该数据包进行应用层解析，通过解析，确认该数据包是否为MPD文件请求消息。并且，接入网设备接收到服务器发送的数据包后，会对该数据包进行应用层解析，通过解析，确认该数据包是否为MPD文件响应消息。
进一步的，为了避免接入网设备对终端发送的所有用户面数据都进行上层协议的解析，从而给接入网设备带来较大的开销，终端在发送MPD文件请求消息之前，终端可以先向接入网设备发送第一指示信息。该第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。接入网设备接收终端发送的第一指示信息，并根据该第一指示信息，对服务器返回的数据包进行应用层解析，从而确定数据包是否是MPD文件响应消息，若是，则从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。因此接入网设备可以无需对服务器发送的所有数据都进行应用层解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
可选的，第一指示信息可以是终端通过第三RRC消息或第三MAC消息发送给接入网设备的。其中，第三RRC消息可以为通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。第三MAC消息可以是现有技术中的MAC层控制信息(英文：MAC Control Element，简称：MAC CE)，也可以是通信协议中新定义的MAC消息。例如，终端向接入网设备发送包含第一指示信息的第三RRC消息，接入网设备接收终端发送的包含第一指示信息的第三RRC消息，从第三RRC消息中获取第一指示信息。
或者，终端还可以在向接入网设备发送MPD文件请求消息时，在发送的数据包的数据链路层头字段中携带第一指示信息。例如，可以在PDCP头、无线链路层控制协议(英文：Radio Link Control，简称：RLC)头或者MAC头的头字段来携带该第一指示信息。接入网设备接收到终端发送的数据包后，解析数据包的数据链路层，一旦发现该第一指示信息，则确定出需要监测服务器发送的MPD文件信息。那么接入网设备在接收到服务器返回的数据包后，对数据包进行解析，从而确定出返回的数据包是否是MPD文件响应消息，如果是，则从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。
具体的，PDCP头、RLC头或者MAC头可以设置某一位来作为第一指示信息的指示位，一旦该指示位被置为0或1，则表明需要接入网设备监测服务器发送的MPD文件信息，也即是说，接入网设备需要从服务器返回的MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
可选的，终端在向接入网设备发送MPD文件请求消息之前，可以先向接入网设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示接入网设备对终端发送的数据包进行应用层解析。接入网设备接收第二指示信息，在后续过程中如果接收到终端发送的数据包，就会根据第 二指示信息对该数据包进行应用层解析，从而确定该数据包是MPD文件请求消息。因此避免了接入网设备对接收到的所有用户面数据都进行上层协议的解析，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
可选的，第二指示信息可以是终端通过第五RRC消息或第五MAC消息发送给接入网设备的。其中，第五RRC消息可以为通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。第五MAC消息可以是现有技术中的MAC CE，也可以是通信协议中新定义的MAC消息。例如，终端向接入网设备发送包含第二指示信息的第五RRC消息，接入网设备接收终端发送的包含第二指示信息的第五RRC消息，从第五RRC消息中获取第二指示信息。
S402、接入网设备获取第一码率，第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率。
本发明实施例中，第一码率可以是接入网设备根据终端发送的第一媒体标识，通过查询目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息来获取到的。第一码率也可以是接入网设备直接从终端获取到的，以下对两种方式分别进行详细说明。
作为一种可选的实现方式，终端在向服务器发送多媒体片段下载请求消息以下载目标多媒体片段之前，可以先向接入网设备发送第一媒体标识，以请求接入网设备对终端选择的第一码率进行调整。接入网设备接收终端发送的第一媒体标识，根据第一媒体标识索引MPD文件信息，从而获取第一码率。其中，第一媒体标识包括Period ID、Adaptation Set ID 和Representation ID这三个标识。接入网设备根据Period ID、Adaptation Set ID和Representation ID这三个标识，通过索引预先获取到的目标多媒体片段所对应的MPD文件信息，即可确定出这三个标识对应的第一码率。
可选的，第一媒体标识可以是终端通过第一RRC消息发送给接入网设备的。终端可以向接入网设备发送第一RRC消息，该第一RRC消息中包括第一媒体标识。接入网设备接收终端发送的第一RRC消息，从第一RRC消息中获取第一媒体标识。其中，第一RRC消息可以为通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。或者，第一媒体标识还可以是终端通过第一MAC消息发送给接入网设备的。第一MAC消息可以是现有技术中的MAC CE，也可以是通信协议中新定义的MAC消息。例如，终端向接入网设备发送MAC CE，该MAC CE中包括第一媒体标识。接入网设备接收终端发送的MAC CE，从MAC CE中获取第一媒体标识。
例如，第一媒体标识是：Period ID＝100s、Adaptation ID＝1和Representation ID＝1，接入网设备根据这三个ID查找MPD文件即可确定出第一码率为500kbps。
可选的，终端还可以直接将第一码率发送给接入网设备。接入网设备接收终端发送的第一码率。具体的，终端可以向接入网设备发送包含第一码率的第六RRC消息或第六MAC消息。接入网设备接收终端发送的包含第一码率的第六RRC消息或第六MAC消息，从该第六RRC消息中或者第六MAC消息中获取第一码率。因此，接入网设备可直接从终端获取到第一码率，而无需再通过查找MPD文件来获知第一码率，节省了接入网设备的***开销，提高了接入网设备的处理效率。这里，第六RRC消息可以为通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。第六MAC消息可以是现有技术中的MAC CE，也可以是通信协议中新定义的MAC消息。
需要说明的是，由于一个完整的多媒体文件是被切分为许多小的多媒体片段存储于服务器上的，因此，一个完整的多媒体文件是由多个多媒体片段组成的。终端在从服务器上 下载该多媒体文件进行播放时，是需要针对每一个多媒体片段向服务器发送一个多媒体片段下载请求消息来获取该多媒体片段的。例如，视频文件A被划分为Segment1和Segment2两个视频片段，终端根据预先获取到的视频文件A对应的MPD文件信息可以获知Segment1和Segment2各自对应的下载URL。终端先根据Segment1对应的URL地址向服务器发送下载片段Segment1的请求消息，服务器将Segment1发送给终端进行播放，然后终端再根据Segment2对应的URL地址向服务器发送下载片段Segment2的请求消息，服务器再将Segment2发送给终端进行播放。
因此，在本发明实施例中，终端在向服务器发送任意一个多媒体片段下载请求消息以下载某个多媒体片段进行播放之前，都要先向接入网设备发送一个第一媒体标识，以请求接入网设备对终端选择的第一码率进行调整，进而下载接入网设备调整后的码率对应的多媒体片段。或者，终端在下载某个多媒体文件之前，先向接入网设备发送一个第一媒体标识，以请求接入网设备对终端选择的第一码率进行调整，进而按照接入网设备调整后的码率下载后续的多个多媒体片段。
例如，视频文件A被划分为Segment1和Segment2两个视频片段，对于前一种情况而言，终端在下载Segment1之前，需要向接入网设备发送一个包含第一媒体标识的第一RRC消息，该第一RRC消息中携带Segment1的信息，接入网设备根据该第一媒体标识获知终端下载Segment1所对应的第一码率为250Kbit/s，进而对250Kbit/s进行调整，接入网设备将调整后的码率500Kbit/s发送给终端，终端下载码率为500Kbit/s对应的Segment1。终端在下载Segment1的过程中向接入网设备再次发送一个包含第一媒体标识的第一RRC消息，该第一RRC消息中携带Segment2的信息，接入网设备根据第一媒体标识获知终端下载Segment2所对应的第一码率为500Kbit/s，进而对500Kbit/s进行调整，接入网设备将调整后的码率800Kbit/s发送给终端，终端下载码率为800Kbit/s对应的Segment2，其中，前后两次发送的第一媒体标识不同。对于第二种情况而言，终端在下载Segment1之前，向接入网设备发送包含第一媒体标识的第一RRC消息，该第一RRC消息中携带segment1的标识，接入网设备根据第一媒体标识获知终端下载segment1所对应的第一码率为250Kbit/s，进而对250Kbit/s进行调整，接入网设备将调整后的码率500Kbit/s发送给终端，终端下载码率为500Kbit/s对应的Segment1以及Segment2。
作为另一种可选的实现方式，终端通过接入网设备向服务器发送多媒体片段下载请求消息，多媒体片段下载请求消息中携带终端请求下载的目标多媒体片段的标识、第一码率(或者第一媒体标识)以及目标多媒体片段对应的URL。接入网设备接收终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息，并对多媒体片段下载请求消息进行应用层解析，从而确定出该消息为多媒体片段下载请求消息，并从多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，或者从多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一媒体标识，再通过索引目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息获取第一码率。其中，目标多媒体片段的标识可以包括Period ID和Adaptation Set ID这两个标识，目标多媒体片段的标识也可以是字符串，还可以是其他标识，本发明实施例不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，由于终端向服务器发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息属于HTTP消息，并承载在用户面承载上传输的，因此，对于接入网设备而言，多媒体片段下载请求被认为 是用户面数据，按照现有技术的处理方式，接入网设备只做透传，即只解析到数据链路层，而对上层协议内容不作解析处理，但在本发明实施例中，接入网设备接收到终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息后，会对该消息进行应用层解析，从而可以确定出该消息为多媒体片段下载请求消息。
进一步的，为了避免接入网设备对终端发送的所有用户面数据都进行上层协议的解析，从而给接入网设备带来较大的开销，终端在向接入网设备发送多媒体片段下载请求消息之前，终端可以先向接入网设备发送第三指示信息。该第三指示信息用于指示接入网设备解析终端发送的消息。接入网设备接收终端发送的第三指示信息，在后续过程中如果接收到终端发送的数据包，就会根据第三指示信息对该数据包进行解析，从而获知该数据包是否为多媒体片段下载请求消息，因此避免了接入网设备对接收到的所有用户面数据都进行上层协议的解析，降低了接入网设备的开销。第三指示信息可以是终端通过第七RRC消息或者第七MAC消息发送给接入网设备的。其中，第七RRC消息可以是通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。第七MAC消息可以是现有技术中的MAC CE，也可以是通信协议中新定义的MAC消息。
或者，终端还可以在向接入网设备发送多媒体片段下载请求消息时，在发送的数据包的数据链路层头字段中携带第三指示信息。例如，在PDCP、RLC、MAC的头字段来携带该第三指示信息，接入网设备接收终端发送的数据包，解析数据包的数据链路层，一旦发现该第三指示信息，则进一步对收到的数据包进行上层协议的解析，从而确定该数据包是否为多媒体片段下载请求消息，进而通过该多媒体片段下载请求消息获取第一码率。
需要说明的是，步骤S401可以在步骤S402之前执行，也可以在步骤S402之后执行，还可以与步骤S402同时执行，本发明实施例不作具体限定。例如，终端将目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息以及第一媒体标识发送给接入网设备，接入网设备接收目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息以及第一码率。
S403、接入网设备根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率。
具体的，接入网设备根据网络状态判断是否需要对第一码率进行调整，若判断出需要对第一码率进行调整，则接入网设备通过查询MPD文件信息确定调整后的第二码率。若判断出不需要对第一码率进行调整，则第二码率等于第一码率。其中，网络状态包括但不限于：网络负载和信道质量。网络负载可以体现在：接入网设备所连接的用户数、接入网设备当前所服务的业务量的大小、接入网设备可用的带宽、物理资源块(英文：Physical Resource Block，简称：PRB)的使用情况等。信道质量可以体现在：接入网设备与终端之间的链路质量的好坏等。
可选的，接入网设备可以根据终端发送的第一媒体标识(具体指Period ID、Adaptation Set ID和Representation ID这三个标识)，查询目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，从MPD文件信息中查找Period ID和Adaptation Set ID这两个标识对应的多个Representation，获取各个Representation对应的码率，除去第一码率以外的其他码率均可作为第二码率。例如，终端发送的第一媒体标识中的Period ID为100s，Adaptation Set ID为1，则接入网设备根据这两个ID查找MPD文件信息即可确定出两个Representation，分别是Representation  1和Representation 2。其中，Representation 1对应的码率为500kbps，Representation 2对应的码率为250kbps，终端发送的第一媒体标识中的Representation ID为1，则接入网设备可确定出第一码率为Representation 1对应的码率，即500kbps，那么另一个Representation 2对应的码率250kbps则可以确定为是第二码率。
或者，接入网设备根据终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中携带的目标多媒体片段的标识，查询目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，从MPD文件信息中查找目标多媒体片段对应的多个Representation，获取各个Representation对应的码率，除去第一码率以外的其他码率均可作为第二码率。
如果接入网设备根据当前的网络状态确定出需要将第一码率调大，则接入网设备从目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息中查找是否存在大于第一码率的码率，从而确定出第二码率；如果接入网设备根据当前的网络状态确定出需要将第一码率调小，则接入网设备从目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息中查找是否存在小于第一码率的码率，从而确定出第二码率。
例如，假设第一码率为500Kbit/s，目标多媒体片段还存在第二码率，且为250Kbit/s，如果接入网设备当前接入的用户数较多，或者当前服务的业务量较大，或者当前可用的带宽较小时，网络负载较重，接入网设备将第一码率调小，将500Kbit/s调为250Kbit/s，从而可以提高接入网设备的处理效率以及减轻接入网设备的负载压力。或者假设第一码率为250Kbit/s，目标多媒体片段还存在第二码率，且为500Kbit/s，当接入网设备当前接入的用户数较少，或者当前服务的业务量较小，或者当前可用的带宽较大时，网络负载较轻，接入网设备将第一码率调大，将250Kbit/s调为500Kbit/s，从而提高接入网设备无线资源的利用率，并且使得终端接收到较高码率的多媒体片段，提高视频(或音频)播放的质量，以及提高用户观看视频的体验。
S404、接入网设备向终端发送第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
作为一种可选的实现方式，第一信息包括第二媒体标识。具体的，如果终端在向服务器发送多媒体片段下载请求消息以下载目标多媒体片段之前，向接入网设备发送了第一媒体标识，以请求接入网设备对终端选择的第一码率进行调整，那么接入网设备可以将调整后的第二码率对应的第二媒体标识发送给终端，该第二媒体标识可以为Representation ID。终端接收接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识，进而查找目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，在该MPD文件信息中查找第二媒体标识对应的第二码率以及目标多媒体片段所对应的URL，然后根据该URL按照第二码率从服务器下载对应的目标多媒体片段。具体的，该过程可参见图7所示流程示意图，该部分将在下述实施例中进行详细描述。
可选的，接入网设备可以向终端发送包含第二媒体标识的第二RRC消息。终端接收接入网设备发送的包含第二媒体标识的第二RRC消息，从该第二RRC消息中获取第二媒体标识。其中，第二RRC消息可以是通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。或者，接入网设备还可以向终端发送包含第二媒体标识的第二MAC消息。终端接收接入网设备发送的包含第二媒体标识的第二MAC消息，从该第二MAC消息中获取第二媒体标识。其中，第二MAC消息可以是现有技术中的MAC CE，也可以是通信协议中新定义的MAC消息。
可选的，接入网设备还可以直接将第二码率发送给终端。终端接收接入网设备发送的第二码率。可选的，接入网设备可以向终端发送包含第二码率的第八RRC消息或第八MAC消息。终端接收接入网设备发送的包含第二码率的MAC消息或者第八RRC消息，从该MAC消息或者第八RRC消息中获取第二码率。其中，第八RRC消息可以是通信协议中新定义的RRC消息。第八MAC消息可以是现有技术中的MAC CE，也可以是通信协议中新定义的MAC消息。
例如，终端想要下载Segment1，且终端选择的第一码率为500kbps，如果接入网设备根据当前的网络状态将500kbps调整为250kbps，并将250kbps对应的媒体标识Representation 2发送给终端，终端接收接入网设备发送的媒体标识Representation 2。终端根据Representation 2查找目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，确定出第二码率为250kbps，进而下载250kbps对应的Segment1。
作为另一种可选的实现方式，第一信息包括第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。具体的，如果终端通过接入网设备向服务器发送多媒体片段下载请求消息，多媒体片段下载请求消息中携带终端请求下载的目标多媒体片段的标识、终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的第一码率以及目标多媒体片段对应的URL。那么接入网设备在确定出第二码率后，查找目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，来获取第二码率所对应的目标多媒体片段的URL，进而向服务器发送另一多媒体片段下载请求消息，该多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括第二码率对应目标多媒体片段的URL，以下载符合第二码率的目标多媒体片段。可选的，该多媒体片段下载请求消息中还可以包括第二码率。服务器将第二码率的目标多媒体片段发送给接入网设备。接入网设备接收服务器发送的第二码率的目标多媒体片段，并将第二码率的目标多媒体片段发送给终端，终端接收接入网设备发送的第二码率的目标多媒体片段。具体的，该过程可参见图8所示流程示意图，该部分将在下述实施例中进行详细描述。
可选的，接入网设备在向第二码率对应的URL进行目标多媒体片段的下载时，还可以向终端发送指示信息，来告知终端已将码率进行了调整，并且还可以将调整后的第二码率发给终端。
例如，终端想要下载Segment1，通过接入网设备向服务器发送针对Segment1的多媒体片段下载请求消息，该多媒体片段下载请求消息中包含Segment1的标识、第一码率500kbps以及Segment1对应的URL(如http://www.e.com/dash-5-1)。接入网设备接收到该多媒体片段下载请求消息后，获知终端选择的第一码率为500kbps，根据当前的网络状态将500kbps调整为250kbps，并从MPD文件信息中查找250kbps对应Segment1的URL，假设为http://www.e.com/dash-7-1，从而下载http://www.e.com/dash-7-1地址中的具***率为250kbps的片段Segment1，并将下载的250kbps的片段Segment1发送给终端。
需要说明的是，接入网设备除了可以根据目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息对下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整以外，还可以根据MPD文件信息对下载目标多媒体片段所对应的分辨率进行调整，且分辨率调整方式可参考上述码率调整方式，此处不再赘述。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选 择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
请参见图5，是接入网设备获取MPD文件信息实施例一的流程示意图。该过程包括步骤S501-S504，其中，各个步骤的详细描述如下：
S501：终端向服务器发送MPD文件请求消息。服务器接收终端发送的MPD文件请求消息。
其中，该MPD文件请求消息中携带终端请求下载的目标多媒体片段的标识。具体的，终端将MPD文件请求消息发送给接入网设备，接入网设备接收终端发送的MPD文件请求消息，再将MPD文件请求消息发送给服务器。在该过程中，接入网设备只对MPD文件请求消息进行透传，而不解析其中的内容。
S502：服务器根据MPD文件请求消息向终端发送MPD文件响应消息。终端接收服务器发送的MPD文件响应消息。
其中，MPD文件响应消息中包含目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。具体的，服务器将MPD文件响应消息发送给接入网设备。接入网设备接收服务器发送的MPD文件响应消息，再将MPD文件响应消息发送给发送给终端。在该过程中，接入网设备只对MPD文件响应消息进行透传，而不解析其中的内容。
S503：终端从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
S504：终端将目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息发送给接入网设备。接入网设备接收终端发送的目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备可以直接从终端获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
请参见图6，是接入网设备获取MPD文件信息实施例二的流程示意图。该过程包括步骤S601-S605，其中，各个步骤的详细描述如下：
S601：终端向接入网设备发送MPD文件请求消息。接入网设备接收终端发送的MPD文件请求消息。
可选的，该MPD文件请求消息中可以携带目标多媒体片段的标识，或者携带目标多媒体片段所属多媒体文件的标识。接入网设备接收终端发送给服务器的MPD文件请求消息，并对接收到的该消息进行应用层解析，从而确定出该消息是MPD文件请求消息。
S602：接入网设备将终端发送的MPD文件请求消息发送给服务器。服务器接收接入网设备发送的MPD文件请求消息。
S603：服务器向接入网设备发送MPD文件响应消息。接入网设备接收服务器发送的MPD文件响应消息。
具体的，MPD文件响应消息中包含目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。接入网设备将MPD文件请求消息发送至服务器之后，开始监听服务器返回的MPD文件响应消息，若接入网设备接收到服务器返回的MPD文件响应消息，对接收到的消息进行应用层解析，从而确定出该消息是MPD文件响应消息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
S604：接入网设备从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
S605：接入网设备向终端发送MPD文件响应消息。终端接收接入网设备发送的MPD文件响应消息。
因此，接入网设备在判断出终端发送的消息为MPD文件请求消息时才会在后续过程中对服务器发送的MPD文件响应消息进行解析，而非对服务器发送的所有数据都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
通过执行上述步骤，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息，无需终端再向接入网设备发送MPD文件信息，降低了终端的复杂度和***开销。
请参见图7，是本发明实施例提供的终端下载第二码率的目标多媒体片段实施例一的流程示意图。该过程包括步骤S701-S706，各个步骤的详细描述如下：
S701：终端向接入网设备发送第一媒体标识。接入网设备接收终端发送的第一媒体标识。
其中，第一媒体标识用于接入网设备确定第一码率。
S702：接入网设备根据第一媒体标识查询目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取第一码率，并根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率。
S703：接入网设备向终端发送第二媒体标识。终端接收接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识。
其中，第二媒体标识用于终端确定第二码率。
S704：终端根据第二媒体标识查询目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取第二码率以及目标多媒体片段对应的URL。
S705：终端向服务器发送多媒体片段下载请求消息。服务器接收终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息。
其中，多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括第二码率、目标多媒体片段的标识以及URL。服务器根据URL确定第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。具体的，终端将多媒体片段下载请求消息发送给接入网设备，接入网设备接收终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息，并将该多媒体片段下载请求消息发送给服务器，此过程中，接入网设备只对多媒体片段下载请求消息进行透传，不解析其中的内容。
S706：服务器将第二码率的目标多媒体片段发送给终端。终端接收服务器发送的第二码率的目标多媒体片段。
具体的，服务器将第二码率的目标多媒体片段发送给接入网设备，接入网设备接收服务器发送的第二码率的目标多媒体片段，并将该第二码率的目标多媒体片段发送给终端。
通过执行上述步骤，终端在下载目标多媒体片段之前，可以先由接入网设备对终端选择的第一码率进行调整，终端再下载调整后的码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
请参见图8，是本发明实施例提供的终端下载第二码率的目标多媒体片段实施例二的流程示意图。该过程包括步骤S801-S805，各个步骤的详细描述如下：
S801：终端向接入网设备发送第一多媒体片段下载请求消息。接入网设备接收终端发送的第一多媒体片段下载请求消息。
其中，第一多媒体片段下载请求消息中携带终端请求下载的目标多媒体片段的标识、终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的第一码率以及目标多媒体片段对应的URL。
S802：接入网设备从第一多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率。
S803：接入网设备向服务器发送第二多媒体片段下载请求消息。服务器接收接入网设备发送的第二多媒体片段下载请求消息。
其中，第二多媒体片段下载请求消息中携带目标多媒体片段的标识、第二码率以及URL。
S804：服务器将第二码率的目标多媒体片段发送给接入网设备。接入网设备接收服务器发送的第二码率的目标多媒体片段。
S805：接入网设备将第二码率的目标多媒体片段发送给终端。终端接收接入网设备发送的第二码率的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述步骤，终端在下载目标多媒体片段的过程中，可以由接入网设备对终端选择的第一码率进行调整，再按照调整后的码率下载目标多媒体片段，进而将调整后的码率对应的目标多媒体片段发送给终端，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
为了便于更好地实施本发明实施例的多媒体传输方法，本发明实施例还提供了用于实现实施方法的相关设备。
请参见图9，是本发明实施例提供的接入网设备实施例一的结构示意图。如图9所示，接入网设备90包括至少一个处理器901和收发器902。处理器901和收发器902可以通过总线或其他方式连接。
其中，总线可以是工业标准体系结构(英文：Industry Standard Architecture，简称：ISA)总线、外部设备互连(英文：Peripheral Component Interconnect，简称：PCI)总线、扩展标准体系结构(英文：Extended Industry Standard Architecture，简称：EISA)总线、集成电路(英文：Inter Integrated Circuit，简称：IIC)总线等。
处理器901可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(英文：Central Processing Unit，简称：CPU)，处理器901还可包括硬件芯片，上述硬件芯片可以是以下一种或多种的组合：专用集成电路(英文：Application Specific Integrated Circuit，简称：ASIC)、现场可编程逻辑门阵列(英文：Field Programmable Gate Array，简称：FPGA)，复杂可编程逻辑器件(英文：Complex Programmable Logic Device，简称：CPLD)。处理器901可处理通过收发器902接收到的数据。处理器901还可处理将被发送到收发器902以供通过天线传送的数据。处理器901用于进行无线信道管理，并为本控制区内终端设备的过区切换进行控制等。具体实现中，处理器901可包括：用于话路交换和信息交换的模块，用于完成呼叫处理、信令处 理、无线资源管理、无线链路的管理和电路维护功能的模块以及用于完成复用解复用及码变换功能的模块。具体信息可参考移动通讯相关知识。
收发器902用于对处理器901生成的移动通信信号进行发射处理，例如调制，还用于对天线接收的移动通信信号进行接收处理，例如解调。
如果处理器901是CPU或包括CPU的组合，接入网设备90还包括存储器903，用于存储程序代码，并将该程序代码传输给CPU。在本发明实施例中，存储器903用于存储多媒体传输程序代码以及上述实施例所描述的MPD文件信息。存储器903可以包括易失性存储器(英文：Volatile Memory)，例如随机存取存储器(英文：Random Access Memory，简称：RAM)；存储器903也可以包括非易失性存储器(英文：Non-volatile Memory)，例如只读存储器(英文：Read-Only Memory，简称：ROM)、快闪存储器(英文：flash memory)、硬盘(英文：Hard Disk Drive，简称：HDD)或固态硬盘(英文：Solid-State Drive，简称：SSD)；存储器903还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。存储器903通过总线与处理器901相连接。
可选的，接入网设备90还可以包括网络接口904和电源模块905。
网络接口904包括用于接入网设备90与终端(例如2G中的MS、3G和4G中的UE以及未来5G网络中的终端等)进行数据通信的接口。具体实现中，网络接口904可包括：GSM(2G)无线网络接口、WCDMA(3G)无线网络接口以及LTE(4G)无线网络接口等中的一种或几种，也可以是未来5G的无线网络接口。网络接口904还包括用于接入网设备90与服务器进行数据通信的接口。具体实现中，网络接口904可包括：以太网接口。
电源模块905用于为接入网设备90的各个模块供电。
本发明实施例中，处理器901和收发器902用于执行如下操作：
处理器901获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
处理器901获取第一码率，第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率；
处理器901根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率；
收发器902向终端发送第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
可选的，处理器901获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，包括：
处理器901根据来自终端的目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息为终端从服务器获取到的。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备可以直接从终端获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
可选的，处理器901获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，包括：
处理器901从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中， MPD文件响应消息是服务器对终端发送的MPD文件请求消息的响应，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息，无需终端再向接入网设备发送MPD文件信息，降低了终端的复杂度和***开销。
可选的，处理器901从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，包括：
处理器901根据来自终端的第一指示信息，从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，接入网设备可以根据终端发送的第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
可选的，第一指示信息可以通过第三RRC消息发送给接入网设备90。
可选的，第一指示信息可以通过第三MAC消息发送给接入网设备90。
可选的，处理器901获取第一码率，包括：
处理器901根据来自终端的第一媒体标识，从MPD文件信息中获取第一码率。
可选的，第一媒体标识可以通过第一RRC消息发送给接入网设备。
可选的，第一媒体标识可以通过第一MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
可选的，收发器902向终端发送第一信息，包括：
收发器902向终端发送第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于指示终端根据第二媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
可选的，第二媒体标识可以通过第二RRC消息发送给终端。
可选的，第二媒体标识可以通过第二MAC消息发送给终端。
可选的，处理器901获取获取第一码率，包括：
处理器901从终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率；多媒体片段下载请求中包括第一码率和目标多媒体片段的标识，多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载第一码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备通过监听终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息，直接从终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，简单方便。
可选的，收发器902向终端发送第一信息，包括：
收发器902向终端发送第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例所描述的接入网设备90中各功能模块的功能可参见图4或图5或图6或图7或图8所示实施例中对应接入网设备的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
请参见图10，是本发明实施例提供的终端实施例一的结构示意图。如图10所示的终端100包括：包括有一个或多个处理核心的处理器1001和收发器1002，可选的，终端100还可以包括存储器1003、输入装置1004、输出装置1005、传感器1006、音频电路1007、无线保真(英文：Wireless Fidelity，简称：WiFi)模块1008、以及电源1009等部件。本领域技术人员可以理解，图10中示出的终端结构并不构成对终端的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。其中：
收发器1002可用于收发信息或在通话过程中用于信号的接收和发送，特别地，将接入网设备的下行信息接收后，交由一个或多个处理器1001处理；另外，将涉及上行的数据发送给接入网设备。通常，收发器1002包括但不限于天线、至少一个放大器、调谐器、一个或多个振荡器、用户身份模块(英文：Subscriber Identity Module，简称：SIM)卡、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器(英文：Low Noise Amplifier，简称：LNA)、双工器等。此外，收发器1002还可以通过无线通信与网络和其他终端设备进行通信。无线通信可以使用任一通信标准或协议，包括但不限于GSM、通用分组无线服务(英文：General Packet Radio Service，简称：GPRS)、CDMA、WCDMA、LTE、电子邮件、短消息服务(英文：Short Messaging Service，简称：SMS)等。
存储器1003可用于存储多媒体传输程序代码程序以及模块，处理器1001通过运行存储在存储器1003的计算机程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理。存储器1003可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作***、至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等；存储数据区可存储根据终端100的使用所创建的数据(比如拍摄的照片、音频数据、视频数据等)等。此外，存储器1003可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他易失性固态存储器件。相应地，存储器1003还可以包括存储器控制器，以提供处理器1001和输入装置1004对存储器1003的访问。
输入装置1004可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与用户设置以及功能控制有关的键盘、鼠标、操作杆、光学或者轨迹球信号输入。具体地，输入装置1004可包括触敏表面10041以及其他输入设备10042。触敏表面10041，也称为触摸显示面板或者触控板，可收集用户在其上或附近的触摸操作(比如用户使用手指、触笔等任何适合的物体或附件在触敏表面10041上或在触敏表面10041附近的操作)，并根据预先设定的程式驱动相应的连接装置。可选的，触敏表面10041可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其中，触摸检测装置检测用户的触摸方位，并检测触摸操作带来的信号，将信号传送给触摸控制器；触摸控制器从触摸检测装置上接收触摸信息，并将它转换成触点坐标，再送给处理器1001，并能接收处理器1001发来的命令并加以执行。此外，可以采用电阻式、电容式、红外线以及表面声波等多种类型实现触敏表面10041。除了触敏表面10041，输入装置1004还可以包括其他输入设备10042。具体地，其他输入设备10042可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆等中的一种或多种。
输出装置1005可用于显示由用户输入的信息或提供给用户的信息以及终端100的各 种图形用户界面，这些图形用户界面可以由图形、文本、图标、视频和其任意组合来构成。输出装置1005可包括显示面板10051，可选的，显示面板10051可以采用液晶显示器(英文：Liquid Crystal Display，简称：LCD)、有机发光二极管(英文：Organic Light-Emitting Diode，简称：OLED)等形式来配置。进一步的，触敏表面10041可覆盖显示面板10041，当触敏表面10041检测到在其上或附近的触摸操作后，传送给处理器1001以确定触摸事件的类型，随后处理器1001根据触摸事件的类型在显示面板10051上提供相应的视觉输出。虽然在图10中，触敏表面10041与显示面板10051是作为两个独立的部件来实现输入和输入功能，但是在某些实施例中，可以将触敏表面10041与显示面板10051集成而实现输入和输出功能。
终端100还可包括至少一种传感器1006，比如光传感器、运动传感器以及其他传感器。具体地，光传感器可包括环境光传感器及接近传感器，其中，环境光传感器可根据环境光线的明暗来调节显示面板10051的亮度，接近传感器可在终端100移动到耳边时，关闭显示面板10051和/或背光等。作为运动传感器的一种，重力加速度传感器可检测各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小，静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向，可用于识别终端100姿态的应用(比如横竖屏切换、相关游戏、磁力计姿态校准)、振动识别相关功能(比如计步器、敲击)等；至于终端100还可配置的陀螺仪、气压计、湿度计、温度计、红外线传感器等其他传感器，此处不再赘述。
音频电路1007、扬声器10071，传声器10072可提供用户与终端100之间的音频接口。音频电路1007可将接收到的音频数据转换后的电信号，传输到扬声器10071，由扬声器10071转换为声音信号输出；另一方面，传声器10072将收集的声音信号转换为电信号，由音频电路1007接收后转换为音频数据，再将音频数据输出处理器1001处理后，经收发器1002以发送给比如另一终端，或者将音频数据输出至存储器1003以便进一步处理。音频电路1007还可能包括耳塞插孔，以提供外设耳机与终端100的通信。
WiFi属于短距离无线传输技术，终端100通过WiFi模块1008可以帮助用户收发电子邮件、浏览网页和访问流式媒体等，它为用户提供了无线的宽带互联网访问。虽然图10示出了WiFi模块1008，但是可以理解的是，其并不属于终端100的必须构成，完全可以根据需要在不改变发明的本质的范围内而省略。
处理器1001是终端100的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个终端100的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器1003内的计算机程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器1003内的数据，执行终端100的各种功能和处理数据，从而对终端100进行整体监控。可选的，处理器1001可包括一个或多个处理核心；优选的，处理器1001可集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理操作***、用户界面和应用程序等，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器1001中。
终端100还包括给各个部件供电的电源1009(比如电池)，优选的，电源可以通过电源管理***与处理器1001逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理***实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。电源1009还可以包括一个或多个直流或交流电源、再充电***、电源故障检测电路、电源转换器或者逆变器、电源状态指示器等任意组件。
尽管未示出，终端100还可以包括摄像头、蓝牙模块等，此处不再赘述。具体在本发明实施例中，终端的输出装置1005(或输入装置1004)是触摸屏显示器，终端100还包括有存储器1003、处理器1001、以及一个或多个的计算机程序，其中一个或多个计算机程序存储于存储器1003中，处理器1001用于调用存储器1003(非易失性存储器)存储的多媒体文件的管理程序执行如下步骤。
本发明实施例中，收发器1002用于执行如下操作：
收发器1002发送第一消息，第一消息用于接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
收发器1002向接入网设备发送第二消息；第二消息用于接入网设备获取第一码率并根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率，MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率；
收发器1002接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，第一信息用于终端100根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述操作，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
可选的，第一消息中包括目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，终端可以直接向接入网设备发送目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
可选的，第一消息为MPD文件请求消息，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，终端可以向接入网设备发送MPD文件请求消息，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息，无需终端再向接入网设备发送MPD文件信息，降低了终端的复杂度和***开销。
可选的，收发器1002向接入网设备发送第一消息之前，收发器1002还用于：
向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。
通过执行上述操作，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，终端可以向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，接入网设备可以根据第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
可选的，第一指示信息可以通过第三RRC消息发送给接入网设备。
可选的，第一指示信息可以通过第三MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
可选的，第二消息中包括第一媒体标识，第一媒体标识用于指示接入网设备根据第一 媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第一码率。
可选的，第一媒体标识可以通过第一RRC消息发送给接入网设备。
可选的，第一媒体标识可以通过第一MAC消息发送给接入网设备。
可选的，收发器1002接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，包括：
收发器1002接收接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于终端从MPD文件信息中获取第二媒体标识对应的第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
可选的，第二媒体标识可以通过第二RRC消息发送给终端。
可选的，第二媒体标识可以通过第二MAC消息发送给终端。
可选的，第二消息为终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息，多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括第一码率和目标多媒体片段的标识，多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载第一码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过执行上述操作，终端向接入网设备发送多媒体片段下载请求消息，接入网设备通过监听该多媒体片段下载请求消息，直接从终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，简单方便。
可选的，收发器1002接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，包括：
收发器1002接收接入网设备发送的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例所描述的终端100中各功能模块的功能可参见图4或图5或图6或图7或图8所示实施例中对应终端的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
请参见图11，是本发明实施例提供的接入网设备实施例二的结构示意图。如图11所示，接入网设备110包括：第一获取单元1101、第二获取单元1102、确定单元1103和发送单元1104，其中，
第一获取单元1101，用于获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
第二获取单元1102，用于获取第一码率，第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率；
确定单元1103，用于根据第二获取单元1102获取到的第一码率、网络状态以及第一获取单元1101获取的MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率；
发送单元1104，用于向终端发送第一信息，第一信息用于终端根据第一信息下载确定单元1103确定的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
在本实施例中，接入网设备110是以功能单元的形式来呈现。这里的“单元”可以指特定应用集成电路(英文：Application Specific Integrated Circuit，简称：ASIC)，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供功能的器件。
通过运行单元，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的 码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
可选的，第一获取单元1101具体用于：
根据来自终端的目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，MPD文件信息为终端从服务器获取到的。
通过运行上述单元，接入网设备可以直接从终端获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，提高接入网设备的处理效率。
可选的，第一获取单元1101具体用于：
从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中，MPD文件响应消息是服务器对终端发送的MPD文件请求消息的响应，MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
通过运行上述单元，接入网设备可以监测终端向服务器发送的MPD文件请求消息，并根据该MPD文件请求消息监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件响应消息，进而从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息。接入网设备截获服务器发给终端的MPD文件信息，无需终端再向接入网设备发送MPD文件信息，降低了终端的复杂度和***开销。
可选的，第一获取单元1101具体用于：
根据来自终端的第一指示信息，从MPD文件响应消息中获取目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。
通过运行上述单元，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，接入网设备可以根据终端发送的第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
可选的，第二获取单元1102具体用于：
根据来自终端的第一媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取第一码率。
可选的，发送单元1104具体用于：
向终端发送第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于指示终端根据第二媒体标识从MPD文件信息中获取确定单元1103确定的第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
可选的，第二获取单元1102具体用于：
从终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率；多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括第一码率和目标多媒体片段的标识，多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载第一码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
通过运行上述单元，接入网设备通过监听终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息，直接从终端发送的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取第一码率，简单方便。
可选的，发送单元1104具体用于：
将确定单元1103确定的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段发送给终端，第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中所描述的接入网设备110中各功能单元的功能可参见图4或图5或图6或图7或图8所示实施例中对应接入网设备的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
请参见图12，是本发明实施例提供的终端实施例二的结构示意图。如图12所示，终端120包括：第一发送单元1201、第二发送单元1202和接收单元1203，其中，
第一发送单元1201，用于向接入网设备发送第一消息，第一消息用于接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
第二发送单元1202，用于向接入网设备发送第二消息；第二消息用于接入网设备获取第一码率并根据第一码率、网络状态以及MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中第一码率为终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率，MPD文件信息中包含第一码率和第二码率；
接收单元1203，用于接收接入网设备发送的第一信息，第一信息用于终端120根据第一信息下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
在本实施例中，终端120是以功能单元的形式来呈现。这里的“单元”可以指ASIC，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供功能的器件。
通过运行上述单元，接入网设备根据网络状态来对终端下载目标多媒体片段所采用的码率进行调整，从而使得终端下载调整后的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，可以保障选择的码率是合适的，并且可以保证较佳的用户体验。
可选的，终端120还包括：
第三发送单元，用于在第一发送单元1201向接入网设备发送第一消息之前，向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备获取服务器发送的MPD文件信息。
通过运行上述单元，由于MPD文件响应消息属于应用层消息，按照正常处理流程，接入网设备只对该消息进行透传而不解析其中的具体内容，而在本发明实施例中，接入网设备需要解析该MPD文件响应消息，并从中获取MPD文件信息，终端可以向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，接入网设备可以根据第一指示信息来监测服务器发送给终端的MPD文件信息，并从MPD文件响应消息中获取MPD文件信息，而非对服务器发送的所有消息都进行解析处理，降低了接入网设备的***开销。
可选的，接收单元1203具体用于：
接收接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识，第二媒体标识用于终端120从MPD文件信息中获取第二媒体标识对应的第二码率，并从服务器下载第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段。
可选的，接收单元1203具体用于：
接收接入网设备发送的第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中所描述的终端120中各功能单元的功能可参见图4或图5或图6或图7或图8所示实施例中对应终端的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本发明实施例进行了描述，然而不能以此来限定本发明实施例之权利范围，在实施所要求保护的本发明实施例过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看所述附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本发明实施例权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于发明所涵盖的范围。本发明实施例的说明书和权利要求书及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例例如能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。在权利要求中，“包括”一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个控制器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求所记载了某些措辞，但这并不表示这些措辞不能组合起来产生良好的效果。计算机程序可以存储/分布在合适的介质中，例如：光存储介质或固态介质，与其他硬件一起提供或作为硬件的一部分，也可以采用其他分布方式，如通过因特网(英文：Internet)或其他有线或无线***。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种多媒体传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，所述目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
    所述接入网设备获取第一码率，所述第一码率为所述终端下载所述目标多媒体片段所采用的码率；
    所述接入网设备根据所述第一码率、网络状态以及所述MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中所述MPD文件信息中包含所述第一码率和所述第二码率；
    所述接入网设备向所述终端发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述终端根据所述第一信息下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据来自所述终端的目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，所述MPD文件信息为所述终端从服务器获取到的。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，包括：
    所述接入网设备从MPD文件响应消息中获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中，所述MPD文件响应消息是服务器对所述终端发送的MPD文件请求消息的响应，所述MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备从MPD文件响应消息中获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据来自所述终端的第一指示信息，从所述MPD文件响应消息中获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备获取所述服务器发送的所述MPD文件信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备获取第一码率，包括：
    所述接入网设备根据来自所述终端的第一媒体标识从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述第一码率。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备获取第一码率，包括：
    所述接入网设备从所述终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取所述第一码率；所述多媒体片段下载请求中包括所述第一码率和所述目标多媒体片段的标识，所述 多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载所述第一码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备向所述终端发送第一信息，包括：
    所述接入网设备向所述终端发送第二媒体标识，所述第二媒体标识用于指示所述终端根据所述第二媒体标识从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述第二码率，并从服务器下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段；
    或者，所述接入网设备向所述终端发送所述第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，所述第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为所述接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
  8. 一种多媒体传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端向接入网设备发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于所述接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，所述目标多媒体片段为所述终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
    所述终端向所述接入网设备发送第二消息；所述第二消息用于所述接入网设备获取第一码率并根据所述第一码率、网络状态以及所述MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中所述第一码率为所述终端下载所述目标多媒体片段所采用的码率，所述MPD文件信息中包含所述第一码率和所述第二码率；
    所述终端接收所述接入网设备发送的第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述终端根据所述第一信息下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息中包括所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息为MPD文件请求消息，所述MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端向接入网设备发送第一消息之前，还包括：
    所述终端向所述接入网设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备获取所述服务器发送的所述MPD文件信息。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二消息中包括第一媒体标识，所述第一媒体标识用于指示所述接入网设备根据所述第一媒体标识从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述第一码率。
  13. 根据权利要求8至11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二消息为所述终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息，所述多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括所述第一 码率和所述目标多媒体片段的标识，所述多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载所述第一码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  14. 根据权利要求8至13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端接收所述接入网设备发送的第一信息，包括：
    所述终端接收所述接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识，所述第二媒体标识用于所述终端从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述第二媒体标识对应的所述第二码率，并从服务器下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段；
    或者，所述终端接收所述接入网设备发送的所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段，所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段为所述接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
  15. 一种接入网设备，其特征在于，包括：
    第一获取单元，用于获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，所述目标多媒体片段为终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
    第二获取单元，用于获取第一码率，所述第一码率为所述终端下载所述目标多媒体片段所采用的码率；
    确定单元，用于根据所述第二获取单元获取的所述第一码率、网络状态以及所述第一获取单元获取的所述MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中所述MPD文件信息中包含所述第一码率和所述第二码率；
    发送单元，用于向所述终端发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述终端根据所述第一信息下载所述确定单元确定的所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述第一获取单元具体用于：
    根据来自所述终端的目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，所述MPD文件信息为所述终端从服务器获取到的。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述第一获取单元具体用于：
    从MPD文件响应消息中获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，其中，所述MPD文件响应消息是服务器对所述终端发送的MPD文件请求消息的响应，所述MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述第一获取单元具体用于：
    根据来自所述终端的第一指示信息，从所述MPD文件响应消息中获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备获取所述服务器发送的所述MPD文件信息。
  19. 根据权利要求15至18任一项所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述第二获取单元具体用于：
    根据来自所述终端的第一媒体标识从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述第一码率。
  20. 根据权利要求15至18任一项所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述第二获取单元具体用于：
    从所述终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息中获取所述第一码率；所述多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括所述第一码率和所述目标多媒体片段的标识，所述多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载所述第一码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  21. 根据权利要求15至20任一项所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述发送单元具体用于：
    向所述终端发送第二媒体标识，所述第二媒体标识用于指示所述终端根据所述第二媒体标识从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述确定单元确定的所述第二码率，并从服务器下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段；
    或者，向所述终端发送所述第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段，所述第二码率对应的目标多媒体片段为所述接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
  22. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    第一发送单元，用于向接入网设备发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于所述接入网设备获取目标多媒体片段对应的媒体表示描述MPD文件信息，所述目标多媒体片段为所述终端请求下载的多媒体片段；
    第二发送单元，用于向所述接入网设备发送第二消息；所述第二消息用于所述接入网设备获取第一码率并根据所述第一码率、网络状态以及所述MPD文件信息确定第二码率，其中所述第一码率为所述终端下载所述目标多媒体片段所采用的码率，所述MPD文件信息中包含所述第一码率和所述第二码率；
    接收单元，用于接收所述接入网设备发送的第一信息，所述第一信息用于所述终端根据所述第一信息下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一消息中包括所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一消息为MPD文件请求消息，所述MPD文件请求消息用于请求获取所述目标多媒体片段对应的MPD文件信息。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的终端，其特征在于，还包括：
    第三发送单元，用于在所述第一发送单元向接入网设备发送第一消息之前，向所述接入网设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备获取所述服务器发送的所述MPD文件信息。
  26. 根据权利要求22至25任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第二消息中包括第一媒体标识，所述第一媒体标识用于指示所述接入网设备根据所述第一媒体标识从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述第一码率。
  27. 根据权利要求22至25任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第二消息为所述终端发送给服务器的多媒体片段下载请求消息，所述多媒体片段下载请求消息中包括所述第一码率和所述目标多媒体片段的标识，所述多媒体片段下载请求用于请求下载所述第一码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段。
  28. 根据权利要求22至27任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述接收单元具体用于：
    接收所述接入网设备发送的第二媒体标识，所述第二媒体标识用于所述终端从所述MPD文件信息中获取所述第二媒体标识对应的所述第二码率，并从服务器下载所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段；
    或者，接收所述接入网设备发送的所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段，所述第二码率对应的所述目标多媒体片段为所述接入网设备从服务器下载到的。
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