WO2018028398A1 - Method and apparatus for estimating angle of arrival, and terminal, base station and computer storage medium - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for estimating angle of arrival, and terminal, base station and computer storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018028398A1
WO2018028398A1 PCT/CN2017/093414 CN2017093414W WO2018028398A1 WO 2018028398 A1 WO2018028398 A1 WO 2018028398A1 CN 2017093414 W CN2017093414 W CN 2017093414W WO 2018028398 A1 WO2018028398 A1 WO 2018028398A1
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Prior art keywords
angle
channel response
arrival
time domain
domain channel
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PCT/CN2017/093414
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴昊
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018028398A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018028398A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/022—Channel estimation of frequency response

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a terminal, and a base station and a computer storage medium for estimating an angle of arrival.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the OFDM system adopts an array antenna in the antenna part.
  • the direction pattern of the antenna can be changed, so that the beam points to the direction of arrival of the user, and the zero point is aligned with the interference signal, so that the beam automatically tracks the user and improves the gain of the antenna.
  • the realization of the directional function is based on the precise positioning of the signal direction of the user terminal. If the angle of arrival estimation error is too large, the above advantages do not exist.
  • the conventional angle of arrival estimation method in the case where multipath exists, the estimated angle of arrival is likely to have a large error.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a terminal, a base station, and a computer storage medium for estimating an angle of arrival, so as to at least solve the conventional angle of arrival estimation method.
  • the estimated angle of arrival is likely to have a large error. The problem.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for estimating an angle of arrival, including:
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to acquire a time domain channel response of the communication channel
  • a calculation module configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response
  • a constructing module configured to construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a terminal, including the foregoing apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a base station, including the foregoing apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores one or more programs executable by a computer, and when the one or more programs are executed by the computer, the computer is executed as described above.
  • a method of estimating the angle of arrival is provided.
  • the method, the device, the terminal, the base station and the computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention acquire the time domain channel response of the communication channel;
  • the domain channel response calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response; and constructs a cost function with the angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and selects an angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function as the angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the method and apparatus for estimating the angle of arrival provided by the embodiment of the present invention can accurately estimate the angle of arrival in the presence of multipath, reduce the estimation error of the angle of arrival, and improve the transmission performance of the communication system.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of another apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of another apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of another apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may be applied to a device such as a terminal or a base station. . As shown in FIG. 1, the method for estimating the angle of arrival includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 Acquire a time domain channel response of the communication channel.
  • the method for estimating the angle of arrival may directly acquire the time domain channel response h(m, k) of the communication channel by using a channel estimation algorithm, where m represents a carrier index, and k represents an antenna index; Obtaining a frequency domain channel response H(m, k) of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and then performing inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response H(m, k) of the communication channel to The time domain channel response of the communication channel is h(m, k).
  • Step S102 Calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response.
  • the method of estimating the angle of arrival may calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the specific use of the result of the angle of arrival estimation. For example, if the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, the method of estimating the angle of arrival calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response by a first preset algorithm; if the result of the angle of arrival estimation does not need For beamforming, such as for terminal positioning, the method of estimating the angle of arrival calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response in a second predetermined algorithm different from the first predetermined algorithm.
  • Step S103 Construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the cost function is a function associated with the autocorrelation function and the angle
  • the autocorrelation function is calculated by the above step S102, and the autocorrelation function is substituted into the cost function expression, thereby A cost function is obtained with an angle as an input parameter, the function value of which is transformed by the transformation of the input angle.
  • the method of the angle of arrival estimation also searches within a predetermined angle interval, and selects an angle parameter value that maximizes the function value of the cost function as a result of the angle of arrival estimation.
  • the predetermined angle interval is [-90, 90].
  • the method for estimating the angle of arrival of the first embodiment of the present invention first acquires the time domain channel response of the communication channel, Calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response, finally constructing a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and selecting an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival Estimated results. In this way, it is possible to accurately estimate the angle of arrival in the presence of multipath, reduce the estimation error of the angle of arrival, and improve the transmission performance of the communication system.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may be applied to a device such as a terminal or a base station. in. As shown in FIG. 2, the method for estimating the angle of arrival includes the following steps:
  • Step S201 Acquire a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm.
  • the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a Least Squares LS (Least-Square) channel estimation algorithm or a Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) channel estimation algorithm, and the acquired frequency is obtained.
  • the domain channel response is H(m, k), where m represents the carrier index and k represents the antenna index.
  • Step S202 Perform inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response.
  • the frequency domain channel response H(m, k) is transformed into a time domain channel response h(m, k) by inverse Fourier transform, thereby implementing frequency domain to time domain conversion.
  • the inverse Fourier transform belongs to the prior art and will not be described here.
  • Step S203 Calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response.
  • Step S204 Construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the steps S203 and S204 are the same as the steps S102 and S103 in the first embodiment, and are not described here.
  • the method for estimating the angle of arrival obtained by the second embodiment of the present invention obtains a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and then transforms the frequency domain channel response into an inverse time domain by Fourier transform.
  • Channel response calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response, finally constructing a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and selecting an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as The angle of arrival is estimated.
  • the angle of arrival between the frequency domain and the time domain can be adaptively estimated according to the specific situation, and the error of the angle of arrival estimation can be greatly reduced in the presence of multipath, and the transmission performance of the communication system can be improved.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may be applied to a device such as a terminal or a base station. in. As shown in FIG. 3, the method for estimating the angle of arrival includes the following steps:
  • Step S301 Acquire a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm.
  • the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a Least Squares LS (Least-Square) channel estimation algorithm or a Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) channel estimation algorithm, and the acquired frequency is obtained.
  • the domain channel response is H(m, k), where m represents the carrier index and k represents the antenna index.
  • Step S302 Perform inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response.
  • the frequency domain channel response H(m, k) is transformed into a time domain channel response h(m, k) by inverse Fourier transform, thereby implementing frequency domain to time domain conversion.
  • the inverse Fourier transform belongs to the prior art and will not be described here.
  • Step S303 determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming.
  • the method for estimating the angle of arrival may determine whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation is used for beamforming by acquiring information input by a user, and if the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, performing steps S304; Conversely, if the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not required for beamforming, step S305 is performed.
  • the execution sequence of the step S303 is limited to the steps S301 and S302.
  • the step S303 may be performed before the step S301, or The steps S301 and S302 are performed or may be performed simultaneously with the step S301 or the step S302.
  • the flowchart of FIG. 3 is performed by the step S303 after the steps S301 and S302, but is not limited thereto.
  • K represents the number of antennas
  • 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K
  • * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix
  • Step S305 determining a delay index position TA index with the largest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determining a time domain channel response h(TA index, k) corresponding to the index position TA index .
  • the method for estimating the angle of arrival determines the angle of arrival estimation by the above steps S303 to S306. Whether the result is needed for beamforming, and can adaptively calculate the autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the purpose of the result of the arrival angle estimation, thereby implementing an autocorrelation function suitable for the channel response according to the actual situation, and reducing the final Estimate the error of the result.
  • Step S307 Construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
  • T the transposition of the matrix
  • ⁇ the wavelength
  • ⁇ the antenna spacing
  • * the matrix
  • R hh the autocorrelation function
  • the method for estimating the angle of arrival in the third embodiment of the present invention acquires a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and performs inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel. Responding to determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming, and calculating the autocorrelation function of the channel response in different manners for different determination results and the time domain channel response, and finally according to the autocorrelation function A cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed, and an angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function is selected as the angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the mutual angle between the frequency domain and the time domain can be used to adaptively estimate the angle of arrival according to the specific use of the angle of arrival estimation result, and in the case of multipath, the error of the angle of arrival estimation can be greatly reduced, and the communication system can be improved. Transmission performance.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus 400 includes:
  • the obtaining module 401 is configured to obtain a time domain channel response of the communication channel.
  • the calculating module 402 is configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response.
  • the constructing module 403 is configured to construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an arrival angle estimation result.
  • the obtaining module 401 includes:
  • the obtaining unit 4011 is configured to acquire a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm
  • the converting unit 4012 is configured to perform inverse Fourier transform transformation on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response.
  • the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
  • the calculating module 402 includes:
  • a determining unit 4021 configured to determine whether a result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming
  • H(:, 1:K) represents the frequency domain channel response of the communication channel
  • K represents the number of antennas
  • 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K
  • * represents a total of the matrix
  • the yoke is transposed.
  • the calculating module 402 further includes:
  • a determining unit 4023 configured to determine, when the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not used for beamforming, a delay index position TA index that has the largest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determine that the index position TA index corresponds to Time domain channel response h(TA index, k);
  • the device 400 can implement various processes in the method embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, and details are not described herein again to avoid repetition.
  • the device 400 in the fourth embodiment of the present invention acquires a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and performs inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response, and then Determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, and calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response in different manners for different judgment results and the time domain channel response, and finally constructing an angle according to the autocorrelation function As a cost function of the input parameter, an angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function is selected as the angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the mutual angle between the frequency domain and the time domain can be used to adaptively estimate the angle of arrival according to the specific use of the angle of arrival estimation result, and in the case of multipath, the error of the angle of arrival estimation can be greatly reduced, and the communication system can be improved. Transmission performance.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a terminal 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal 800 includes: at least one processor 801, a memory 802, at least one network interface 803, and a user interface. 804.
  • bus system 806 The various components in terminal 800 are coupled together by bus system 806, it being understood that bus system 806 is used to effect connection communication between these components.
  • the bus system 806 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data lines. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 806 in FIG.
  • the user interface 804 can include a display, a keyboard, or a pointing device such as a mouse, a trackball, a touchpad, or a touch screen.
  • the memory 802 in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), or an electric Erase programmable read only memory (EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM) that acts as an external cache.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM).
  • Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory ESDRAM
  • synchronously connected dynamic random access memory Synchronization RAM, SLDRAM
  • DRRAM Direct Memory Bus Random Access Memory
  • memory 802 stores elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or their extended set: operating system 8021 and application 8022.
  • the operating system 8021 includes various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, and the like, for implementing various basic services and processing hardware-based tasks.
  • the application 8022 includes various applications, such as a media player (Media Player), a browser, and the like, for implementing various application services.
  • a program implementing the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be included in the application 8022.
  • processor 801 is used to:
  • a cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed according to the autocorrelation function, and an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function is selected as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  • Processor 801 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 801 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 801 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. Programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or carried out.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in memory 802, and processor 801 reads the information in memory 802 and, in conjunction with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.
  • the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof.
  • the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Equipment (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other for performing the functions described herein In an electronic unit or a combination thereof.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSP Device Digital Signal Processing Equipment
  • PLD programmable Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the techniques described herein can be implemented by modules (eg, procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein.
  • the software code can be stored in memory and executed by the processor.
  • the memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
  • the processor 801 acquires a time domain channel response of the communication channel, including:
  • the frequency domain channel response is inverse transformed by Fourier transform into a time domain channel response.
  • the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
  • the processor 801 calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the acquired time domain channel response, including:
  • the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
  • T the transposition of the matrix
  • ⁇ the wavelength
  • ⁇ the antenna spacing
  • * the matrix
  • R hh the autocorrelation function
  • the terminal 800 can implement the various processes of the angle of arrival estimation method in the foregoing embodiment. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a base station 900 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station 900 includes: at least one processor 901, a memory 902, at least one network interface 903, and a user interface. 904.
  • bus system 906 The various components in base station 900 are coupled together by bus system 906, it being understood that bus system 906 is used to effect connection communication between these components.
  • the bus system 906 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data lines. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 906 in FIG.
  • the user interface 904 can include a display, a keyboard, or a pointing device such as a mouse, a trackball, a touchpad, or a touch screen.
  • the memory 902 in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), or an electric Erase programmable read only memory (EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM) that acts as an external cache.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM).
  • SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DDRSDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • ESDRAM Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • SDRAM Synchronous Connection Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DRRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • memory 902 stores elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or their extended set: operating system 9021 and application 9022.
  • the operating system 9021 includes various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, and the like, for implementing various basic services and processing hardware-based tasks.
  • the application 9022 includes various applications, such as a media player (Media Player), a browser, and the like, for implementing various application services.
  • a program implementing the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be included in the application 9022.
  • the program or instruction stored in the memory 902 is specifically a program or an instruction stored in the application 9022.
  • the processor 901 is configured to:
  • a cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed according to the autocorrelation function, and an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function is selected as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the method disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 901 or implemented by the processor 901.
  • the processor 901 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 901 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 901 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. Programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 902, and the processor 901 reads the information in the memory 902 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof.
  • the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Equipment (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other for performing the functions described herein In an electronic unit or a combination thereof.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSP Device Digital Signal Processing Equipment
  • PLD programmable Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the techniques described herein can be implemented by modules (eg, procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein.
  • the software code can be stored in memory and executed by the processor.
  • the memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
  • the processor 901 acquires a time domain channel response of the communication channel, including:
  • the frequency domain channel response is inverse transformed by Fourier transform into a time domain channel response.
  • the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square Differential MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
  • the processor 901 calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the acquired time domain channel response, including:
  • the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
  • T the transposition of the matrix
  • ⁇ the wavelength
  • ⁇ the antenna spacing
  • * the matrix
  • R hh the autocorrelation function
  • the base station 900 can implement the various processes of the angle of arrival estimation method in the foregoing embodiments. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • a cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed according to the autocorrelation function, and an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function is selected as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the step of acquiring a time domain channel response of the communication channel includes:
  • the frequency domain channel response is inverse transformed by Fourier transform into a time domain channel response.
  • the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
  • the step of calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the acquired time domain channel response includes:
  • the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
  • T the transposition of the matrix
  • ⁇ the wavelength
  • ⁇ the antenna spacing
  • * the matrix
  • R hh the autocorrelation function
  • the storage medium is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • a method, apparatus, terminal, and base station for estimating an angle of arrival provided by an embodiment of the present invention, acquiring a time domain channel response of a communication channel; calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and constructing according to the autocorrelation function
  • the angle is used as the cost function of the input parameter, and the angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function is selected as the angle of arrival estimation result.
  • the method and apparatus for estimating the angle of arrival of the present invention can accurately estimate the angle of arrival in the presence of multipath, reduce the estimation error of the angle of arrival, and improve the transmission performance of the communication system.

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Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival, and a terminal, a base station and a computer storage medium. The method comprises: acquiring a time domain channel response of a communication channel; according to the time domain channel response, calculating an autocorrelation function of a channel response; and according to the autocorrelation function, constructing a cost function using an angle as an input parameter, and selecting an angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function as an angle-of-arrival estimation result. The method for estimating an angle of arrival in the present invention can accurately estimate an angle of arrival in the situation of a multi-path, reduces the estimation error of the angle of arrival, and improves the communication system transmission performance.

Description

一种到达角估计的方法、装置、终端及基站和计算机存储介质Method, device, terminal and base station and computer storage medium for arrival angle estimation 技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种到达角估计的方法、装置、终端及基站和计算机存储介质。The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a terminal, and a base station and a computer storage medium for estimating an angle of arrival.
背景技术Background technique
在众多的无线通信技术中，正交频分复用(OFDM，Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)是最具有应用前景的技术之一。近几年来，由于数字信号处理技术的飞速发展，OFDM作为一种具有较高的频谱利用率及良好抗多径性能的高速传输技术，得到了越来越广泛的应用，已经成功地应用于数字音频广播(Digital Audio Broadcasting，DAB)，数字视频广播(Digital Video Broadcasting，DVB)，高清晰电视(High Definition Television，HDTV)，无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)和无线城域网(Wireless Metropolitan Area Network，WMAN)。Among many wireless communication technologies, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the most promising technologies. In recent years, due to the rapid development of digital signal processing technology, OFDM has been widely used as a high-speed transmission technology with high spectrum utilization and good anti-multipath performance. It has been successfully applied to digital. Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), High Definition Television (HDTV), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Wireless Metropolitan (Wireless Metropolitan) Area Network, WMAN).
OFDM***在天线部分多采用阵列天线，通过调节各个天线的加权系数可以改变天线的方向图，使得波束指向用户到达方向，而使零点对准干扰信号，实现波束自动跟踪用户，提高天线的增益，使得无线信号的传输更为有效。然而，这种指向性功能的实现是建立在对用户终端信号到达方向精确定位的基础上，如果到达角估计误差太大，上述的优点就不存在了。此外，对于传统的到达角估计方法，在存在多径的情况下，估计的到达角很容易存在较大的误差。The OFDM system adopts an array antenna in the antenna part. By adjusting the weighting coefficient of each antenna, the direction pattern of the antenna can be changed, so that the beam points to the direction of arrival of the user, and the zero point is aligned with the interference signal, so that the beam automatically tracks the user and improves the gain of the antenna. Make the transmission of wireless signals more efficient. However, the realization of the directional function is based on the precise positioning of the signal direction of the user terminal. If the angle of arrival estimation error is too large, the above advantages do not exist. In addition, with the conventional angle of arrival estimation method, in the case where multipath exists, the estimated angle of arrival is likely to have a large error.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种到达角估计的方法、装置、终端及基站和计算机存储介质，以至少解决传统的到达角估计方法在存在多径的情况下，估计的到达角很容易存在较大误差的问题。Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a terminal, a base station, and a computer storage medium for estimating an angle of arrival, so as to at least solve the conventional angle of arrival estimation method. In the presence of multipath, the estimated angle of arrival is likely to have a large error. The problem.
本发明实施例提供一种到达角估计的方法，包括：Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for estimating an angle of arrival, including:
获取通信信道的时域信道响应；Obtaining a time domain channel response of the communication channel;
根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及Calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and
根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数 的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。Constructing a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and selecting the cost function The maximum value corresponding to the angle parameter value is used as the angle of arrival estimation result.
本发明实施例还提供一种到达角估计的装置，包括：An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival, including:
获取模块，用于获取通信信道的时域信道响应；An obtaining module, configured to acquire a time domain channel response of the communication channel;
计算模块，用于根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及a calculation module, configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and
构造模块，用于根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。And a constructing module, configured to construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
本发明实施例还提供一种终端，包括上述到达角估计的装置。Embodiments of the present invention also provide a terminal, including the foregoing apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival.
本发明实施例还提供一种基站，包括上述到达角估计的装置。Embodiments of the present invention also provide a base station, including the foregoing apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival.
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行的一个或多个程序，所述一个或多个程序被所述计算机执行时使所述计算机执行如上述提供的一种到达角估计的方法。The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores one or more programs executable by a computer, and when the one or more programs are executed by the computer, the computer is executed as described above. A method of estimating the angle of arrival is provided.
上述技术方案中的一个技术方案具有如下优点或有益效果：本发明实施例提供的到达角估计的方法、装置、终端及基站和计算机存储介质，获取通信信道的时域信道响应；根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。这样，本发明实施例提供的到达角估计的方法及装置能够在存在多径的情况下准确地估计到达角，减小到达角的估计误差，提高通信***传输性能。One of the foregoing technical solutions has the following advantages or advantages: the method, the device, the terminal, the base station and the computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present invention acquire the time domain channel response of the communication channel; The domain channel response calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response; and constructs a cost function with the angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and selects an angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function as the angle of arrival estimation result. In this way, the method and apparatus for estimating the angle of arrival provided by the embodiment of the present invention can accurately estimate the angle of arrival in the presence of multipath, reduce the estimation error of the angle of arrival, and improve the transmission performance of the communication system.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种到达角估计的方法的流程图；1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的另一种到达角估计的方法的流程图；2 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的另一种到达角估计的方法的流程图；3 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种到达角估计的装置的结构图；4 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种到达角估计的装置的结构图；FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of another apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种到达角估计的装置的结构图；6 is a structural diagram of another apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例提供的另一种到达角估计的装置的结构图；FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of another apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种终端的结构图；FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种基站的结构图。 FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。The technical problems, the technical solutions, and the advantages of the present invention will be more clearly described in the following description.
第一实施例First embodiment
参见图1，图1为本发明实施例提供的一种到达角估计的方法的流程图，需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述到达角估计的方法可以应用在终端、基站等装置中。如图1所示，所述到达角估计的方法包括以下步骤：Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may be applied to a device such as a terminal or a base station. . As shown in FIG. 1, the method for estimating the angle of arrival includes the following steps:
步骤S101、获取通信信道的时域信道响应。Step S101: Acquire a time domain channel response of the communication channel.
该步骤中，所述到达角估计的方法可以通过一些信道估计算法直接获取所述通信信道的时域信道响应h(m，k)，其中，m表示载波索引，k表示天线索引；也可以先通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应H(m，k)，然后再将所述通信信道的频域信道响应H(m，k)进行逆傅里叶变换变换为所述通信信道的时域信道响应h(m，k)。In this step, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may directly acquire the time domain channel response h(m, k) of the communication channel by using a channel estimation algorithm, where m represents a carrier index, and k represents an antenna index; Obtaining a frequency domain channel response H(m, k) of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and then performing inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response H(m, k) of the communication channel to The time domain channel response of the communication channel is h(m, k).
步骤S102、根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数。Step S102: Calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response.
该步骤中，所述到达角估计的方法可以根据所述到达角估计的结果的具体用途来计算信道响应的自相关函数。例如，若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，所述到达角估计的方法以第一预设算法计算所述信道响应的自相关函数；若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，例如用于终端定位等，所述到达角估计的方法以不同于第一预设算法的第二预设算法计算所述信道响应的自相关函数。In this step, the method of estimating the angle of arrival may calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the specific use of the result of the angle of arrival estimation. For example, if the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, the method of estimating the angle of arrival calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response by a first preset algorithm; if the result of the angle of arrival estimation does not need For beamforming, such as for terminal positioning, the method of estimating the angle of arrival calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response in a second predetermined algorithm different from the first predetermined algorithm.
步骤S103、根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。Step S103: Construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
该步骤中，所述代价函数是一个与所述自相关函数与角度关联的函数，在通过上述步骤S102计算出所述自相关函数，将所述自相关函数代入所述代价函数表达式，从而得到以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，所述代价函数的函数值因所述输入角度的变换而发生变换。In this step, the cost function is a function associated with the autocorrelation function and the angle, and the autocorrelation function is calculated by the above step S102, and the autocorrelation function is substituted into the cost function expression, thereby A cost function is obtained with an angle as an input parameter, the function value of which is transformed by the transformation of the input angle.
在该步骤S103中，所述到达角估计的方法还在预定角度区间内搜索，并选择一个使得所述代价函数的函数值最大的角度参数值作为到达角估计的结果。所述预定角度区间为[-90,90]。In the step S103, the method of the angle of arrival estimation also searches within a predetermined angle interval, and selects an angle parameter value that maximizes the function value of the cost function as a result of the angle of arrival estimation. The predetermined angle interval is [-90, 90].
本发明第一实施例的到达角估计的方法，首先获取通信信道的时域信道响应，然 后根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数，最后根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。这样，能够在存在多径的情况下准确地估计到达角，减小到达角的估计误差，提高通信***传输性能。The method for estimating the angle of arrival of the first embodiment of the present invention first acquires the time domain channel response of the communication channel, Calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response, finally constructing a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and selecting an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival Estimated results. In this way, it is possible to accurately estimate the angle of arrival in the presence of multipath, reduce the estimation error of the angle of arrival, and improve the transmission performance of the communication system.
第二实施例Second embodiment
参见图2，图2为本发明实施例提供的另一种到达角估计的方法的流程图，需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述到达角估计的方法可以应用在终端、基站等装置中。如图2所示，所述到达角估计的方法包括如下步骤：Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may be applied to a device such as a terminal or a base station. in. As shown in FIG. 2, the method for estimating the angle of arrival includes the following steps:
步骤S201、通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应。Step S201: Acquire a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm.
可选地，该步骤中，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS(Least-Square)信道估计算法或者最小均方差MMSE(Minimum Mean Squared Error)信道估计算法，所述获取到的频域信道响应为H(m，k)，其中，m表示载波索引，k表示天线索引。Optionally, in the step, the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a Least Squares LS (Least-Square) channel estimation algorithm or a Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) channel estimation algorithm, and the acquired frequency is obtained. The domain channel response is H(m, k), where m represents the carrier index and k represents the antenna index.
步骤S202、将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。Step S202: Perform inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response.
该步骤中，将所述频域信道响应H(m，k)经过傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应h(m，k)，从而实现频域到时域的转换。所述傅里叶逆变换属于现有技术范畴，在此不再赘述。In this step, the frequency domain channel response H(m, k) is transformed into a time domain channel response h(m, k) by inverse Fourier transform, thereby implementing frequency domain to time domain conversion. The inverse Fourier transform belongs to the prior art and will not be described here.
步骤S203、根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数。Step S203: Calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response.
步骤S204、根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。Step S204: Construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
该步骤S203及步骤S204与第一实施例中的步骤S102及步骤S103相同，在此不再赘述。The steps S203 and S204 are the same as the steps S102 and S103 in the first embodiment, and are not described here.
本发明第二实施例提供的到达角估计的方法，通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应，然后将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应，根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数，最后根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。这样，可以通过频域与时域之间的相互转换，根据具体情况自适应地估计到达角，在存在多径的情况下能够大大减小到达角估计的误差，提高通信***的传输性能。The method for estimating the angle of arrival provided by the second embodiment of the present invention obtains a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and then transforms the frequency domain channel response into an inverse time domain by Fourier transform. Channel response, calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response, finally constructing a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and selecting an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as The angle of arrival is estimated. In this way, the angle of arrival between the frequency domain and the time domain can be adaptively estimated according to the specific situation, and the error of the angle of arrival estimation can be greatly reduced in the presence of multipath, and the transmission performance of the communication system can be improved.
第三实施例 Third embodiment
参见图3，图3是本发明实施例提供的另一种到达角估计的方法的流程图，需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，上述到达角估计的方法可以应用在终端、基站等装置中。如图3所示，所述到达角估计的方法包括如下步骤：Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another method for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may be applied to a device such as a terminal or a base station. in. As shown in FIG. 3, the method for estimating the angle of arrival includes the following steps:
步骤S301、通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应。Step S301: Acquire a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm.
可选地，该步骤中，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS(Least-Square)信道估计算法或者最小均方差MMSE(Minimum Mean Squared Error)信道估计算法，所述获取到的频域信道响应为H(m，k)，其中，m表示载波索引，k表示天线索引。Optionally, in the step, the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a Least Squares LS (Least-Square) channel estimation algorithm or a Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) channel estimation algorithm, and the acquired frequency is obtained. The domain channel response is H(m, k), where m represents the carrier index and k represents the antenna index.
步骤S302、将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。Step S302: Perform inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response.
该步骤中，将所述频域信道响应H(m，k)经过傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应h(m，k)，从而实现频域到时域的转换。所述傅里叶逆变换属于现有技术范畴，在此不再赘述。In this step, the frequency domain channel response H(m, k) is transformed into a time domain channel response h(m, k) by inverse Fourier transform, thereby implementing frequency domain to time domain conversion. The inverse Fourier transform belongs to the prior art and will not be described here.
步骤S303、判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形。Step S303, determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming.
该步骤中，所述到达角估计的方法可以通过获取用户输入的信息判断所述到达角估计的结果是否用于波束赋形，若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，执行步骤S304；相反地，若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，执行步骤S305。In this step, the method for estimating the angle of arrival may determine whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation is used for beamforming by acquiring information input by a user, and if the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, performing steps S304; Conversely, if the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not required for beamforming, step S305 is performed.
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例中，该步骤S303的执行顺序并限定于所述步骤S301及S302之后，可选地，所述步骤S303还可以在所述步骤S301之前执行，也可以在所述步骤S301及S302之间执行或者可以与所述步骤S301或者步骤S302同时执行，图3的流程图中以步骤S303在所述步骤S301及S302之后执行为例，但不以此为限。It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the execution sequence of the step S303 is limited to the steps S301 and S302. Alternatively, the step S303 may be performed before the step S301, or The steps S301 and S302 are performed or may be performed simultaneously with the step S301 or the step S302. The flowchart of FIG. 3 is performed by the step S303 after the steps S301 and S302, but is not limited thereto.
步骤S304、计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝H(:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K)，其中H(:,1:K)表示所述通信信道的频域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。Step S304, calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response R hh =H(:,1:K) * ×H(:,1:K), where H(:, 1:K) represents a frequency domain channel of the communication channel In response, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
步骤S305、根据所述时域信道响应确定抽头系数功率最大的时延索引位置TAindex，并确定该索引位置TAindex对应的时域信道响应h(TAindex,k)。Step S305, determining a delay index position TA index with the largest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determining a time domain channel response h(TA index, k) corresponding to the index position TA index .
步骤S306、计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝h(TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K)，其中h(TAindex,1:K)表示所述通信信道的时域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。Step S306, calculating an autocorrelation function R hh =h(TA index ,1:K) * ×h(TA index ,1:K) of the channel response, where h(TA index , 1:K) represents the communication channel Time domain channel response, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
这样，通过上述步骤S303～S306，所述到达角估计的方法判断所述到达角估计的 结果是否需要用于波束赋形，并能够根据所述到达角估计的结果的用途自适应地计算信道响应的自相关函数，从而实现根据实际情况计算出适合信道响应的自相关函数，减小最后估计结果的误差。Thus, the method for estimating the angle of arrival determines the angle of arrival estimation by the above steps S303 to S306. Whether the result is needed for beamforming, and can adaptively calculate the autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the purpose of the result of the arrival angle estimation, thereby implementing an autocorrelation function suitable for the channel response according to the actual situation, and reducing the final Estimate the error of the result.
步骤S307、根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。Step S307: Construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
可选地，所述以角度作为输入参数的代价函数为：Optionally, the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000001
其中导向矢量aθ＝[1,e-j2π△sinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2π△sinθ/λ]T，T表示矩阵的转置，λ表示波长，△表示天线间距，*表示矩阵的共轭转置，Rhh表示自相关函数。Wherein the steering vector a θ = [1, e - j2π Δsin θ / λ , ..., e - j7 × 2π Δsin θ / λ ] T , T represents the transposition of the matrix, λ represents the wavelength, Δ represents the antenna spacing, * represents the matrix The conjugate transpose, R hh represents the autocorrelation function.
本发明第三实施例中的到达角估计的方法，通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应，将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应，然后判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形，并针对不同的判断结果及所述时域信道响应分别以不同的方式计算信道响应的自相关函数，最后根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。这样，可以通过频域与时域之间的相互转换，根据到达角估计结果的具体用途自适应地估计到达角，在存在多径的情况下能够大大减小到达角估计的误差，提高通信***的传输性能。The method for estimating the angle of arrival in the third embodiment of the present invention acquires a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and performs inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel. Responding to determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming, and calculating the autocorrelation function of the channel response in different manners for different determination results and the time domain channel response, and finally according to the autocorrelation function A cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed, and an angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function is selected as the angle of arrival estimation result. In this way, the mutual angle between the frequency domain and the time domain can be used to adaptively estimate the angle of arrival according to the specific use of the angle of arrival estimation result, and in the case of multipath, the error of the angle of arrival estimation can be greatly reduced, and the communication system can be improved. Transmission performance.
第四实施例Fourth embodiment
参见图4，是本发明实施例提供的一种到达角估计的装置的结构图，如图4所示，所述装置400包括：FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus 400 includes:
获取模块401，用于获取通信信道的时域信道响应。The obtaining module 401 is configured to obtain a time domain channel response of the communication channel.
计算模块402，用于根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数。The calculating module 402 is configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response.
构造模块403，用于根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。The constructing module 403 is configured to construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an arrival angle estimation result.
可选地，如图5所示，所述获取模块401包括：Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5, the obtaining module 401 includes:
获取单元4011，用于通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应；及 The obtaining unit 4011 is configured to acquire a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm; and
转换单元4012，用于将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。The converting unit 4012 is configured to perform inverse Fourier transform transformation on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response.
可选地，在该实施例中，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS信道估计算法或者最小均方差MMSE信道估计算法。Optionally, in this embodiment, the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
可选地，如图6所示，所述计算模块402包括：Optionally, as shown in FIG. 6, the calculating module 402 includes:
判断单元4021，用于判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形；a determining unit 4021, configured to determine whether a result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming;
第一计算单元4022，用于若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝H(:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K)，其中H(:,1:K)表示所述通信信道的频域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。The first calculating unit 4022 is configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response R hh =H(:,1:K) * ×H(:,1:K if the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming Where H(:, 1:K) represents the frequency domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents a total of the matrix The yoke is transposed.
可选地，如图7所示，所述计算模块402还包括：Optionally, as shown in FIG. 7, the calculating module 402 further includes:
确定单元4023，用于若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，根据所述时域信道响应确定抽头系数功率最大的时延索引位置TAindex，并确定该索引位置TAindex对应的时域信道响应h(TAindex,k)；a determining unit 4023, configured to determine, when the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not used for beamforming, a delay index position TA index that has the largest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determine that the index position TA index corresponds to Time domain channel response h(TA index, k);
第二计算单元4024，用于计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝h(TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K)，其中h(TAindex,1:K)表示所述通信信道的时域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。The second calculating unit 4024 is configured to calculate an autocorrelation function R hh =h(TA index ,1:K) * ×h(TA index ,1:K) of the channel response, where h(TA index , 1:K) represents The time domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1: K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
所述装置400能够实现图1至图3的方法实施例中的各个过程，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。The device 400 can implement various processes in the method embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, and details are not described herein again to avoid repetition.
本发明第四实施例中的装置400，通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应，将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应，然后判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形，并针对不同的判断结果及所述时域信道响应分别以不同的方式计算信道响应的自相关函数，最后根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。这样，可以通过频域与时域之间的相互转换，根据到达角估计结果的具体用途自适应地估计到达角，在存在多径的情况下能够大大减小到达角估计的误差，提高通信***的传输性能。The device 400 in the fourth embodiment of the present invention acquires a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm, and performs inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response, and then Determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, and calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response in different manners for different judgment results and the time domain channel response, and finally constructing an angle according to the autocorrelation function As a cost function of the input parameter, an angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function is selected as the angle of arrival estimation result. In this way, the mutual angle between the frequency domain and the time domain can be used to adaptively estimate the angle of arrival according to the specific use of the angle of arrival estimation result, and in the case of multipath, the error of the angle of arrival estimation can be greatly reduced, and the communication system can be improved. Transmission performance.
第五实施例 Fifth embodiment
参见图8，图8是本发明实施例提供的一种终端800的结构图，如图8所示，所述终端800包括：至少一个处理器801、存储器802、至少一个网络接口803及用户接口804。Referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a terminal 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the terminal 800 includes: at least one processor 801, a memory 802, at least one network interface 803, and a user interface. 804.
终端800中的各个组件通过总线***806耦合在一起、可以理解的是，总线***806用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。总线***806除包括数据线之外，还包括电源总线、控制总线及状态信号总线。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图8中将各种总线都标为总线***806。The various components in terminal 800 are coupled together by bus system 806, it being understood that bus system 806 is used to effect connection communication between these components. The bus system 806 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data lines. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 806 in FIG.
其中，用户接口804可以包括显示器、键盘或者点击设备，例如鼠标，轨迹球(trackball)、触感板或者触摸屏等。The user interface 804 can include a display, a keyboard, or a pointing device such as a mouse, a trackball, a touchpad, or a touch screen.
可以理解，本发明实施例中的存储器802可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(StaticRAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DRRAM)。本文描述的***和方法的存储器802旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。It is to be understood that the memory 802 in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), or an electric Erase programmable read only memory (EEPROM) or flash memory. The volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM) that acts as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM, SDRAM). Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronously connected dynamic random access memory (Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and Direct Memory Bus Random Access Memory (DRRAM). Memory 802 of the systems and methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
在一些实施方式中，存储器802存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集：操作***8021和应用程序8022。In some embodiments, memory 802 stores elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or their extended set: operating system 8021 and application 8022.
其中，操作***8021，包含各种***程序，例如框架层、核心库层、驱动层等，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。应用程序8022，包含各种应用程序，例如媒体播放器(Media Player)、浏览器(Browser)等，用于实现各种应用业务。实现本发明实施例方法的程序可以包含在应用程序8022中。The operating system 8021 includes various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, and the like, for implementing various basic services and processing hardware-based tasks. The application 8022 includes various applications, such as a media player (Media Player), a browser, and the like, for implementing various application services. A program implementing the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be included in the application 8022.
在本发明实施例中，通过调用存储器802存储的程序或指令，具体的，可以是应 用程序8022中存储的程序或指令，处理器801用于：In the embodiment of the present invention, by calling a program or an instruction stored in the memory 802, specifically, it may be Using the program or instructions stored in program 8022, processor 801 is used to:
获取通信信道的时域信道响应；Obtaining a time domain channel response of the communication channel;
根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及Calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and
根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。A cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed according to the autocorrelation function, and an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function is selected as an angle of arrival estimation result.
上述本发明实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器801中，或者由处理器801实现。处理器801可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器801中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器801可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器802，处理器801读取存储器802中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。The method disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 801 or implemented by the processor 801. Processor 801 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 801 or an instruction in a form of software. The processor 801 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. Programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or carried out. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like. The storage medium is located in memory 802, and processor 801 reads the information in memory 802 and, in conjunction with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.
可以理解的是，本文描述的这些实施例可以用硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微码或其组合来实现。对于硬件实现，处理单元可以实现在一个或多个专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits，ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processing，DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSP Device，DSPD)、可编程逻辑设备(Programmable Logic Device，PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、通用处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、用于执行本申请所述功能的其它电子单元或其组合中。It will be appreciated that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Equipment (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other for performing the functions described herein In an electronic unit or a combination thereof.
对于软件实现，可通过执行本文所述功能的模块(例如过程、函数等)来实现本文所述的技术。软件代码可存储在存储器中并通过处理器执行。存储器可以在处理器中或在处理器外部实现。For a software implementation, the techniques described herein can be implemented by modules (eg, procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software code can be stored in memory and executed by the processor. The memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
可选地，所述处理器801获取通信信道的时域信道响应，包括： Optionally, the processor 801 acquires a time domain channel response of the communication channel, including:
通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应；Obtaining a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm;
将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。The frequency domain channel response is inverse transformed by Fourier transform into a time domain channel response.
可选地，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS信道估计算法或者最小均方差MMSE信道估计算法。Optionally, the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
可选地，所述处理器801根据所述获取的时域信道响应计算所述信道响应的自相关函数，包括：Optionally, the processor 801 calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the acquired time domain channel response, including:
判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形；Determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming;
若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝H(:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K)，其中H(:,1:K)表示所述通信信道的频域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置；或者If the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, calculate the autocorrelation function of the channel response R hh =H(:,1:K) * ×H(:,1:K), where H(:,1 : K) represents the frequency domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1: K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix;
若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，根据所述时域信道响应确定抽头系数功率最大的时延索引位置TAindex，并确定该索引位置TAindex对应的时域信道响应h(TAindex,k)；If the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not needed for beamforming, determining a delay index position TA index with the highest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determining a time domain channel response corresponding to the index position TA index (TA index, k);
计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝h(TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K)，其中h(TAindex,1:K)表示所述通信信道的时域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。Calculating the autocorrelation function of channel response R hh =h(TA index ,1:K) * ×h(TA index ,1:K), where h(TA index , 1:K) represents the time domain channel of the communication channel In response, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
可选地，所述以角度作为输入参数的代价函数为：Optionally, the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000002
其中导向矢量aθ＝[1,e-j2π△sinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2π△sinθ/λ]T，T表示矩阵的转置，λ表示波长，△表示天线间距，*表示矩阵的共轭转置，Rhh表示自相关函数。Wherein the steering vector a θ = [1, e - j2π Δsin θ / λ , ..., e - j7 × 2π Δsin θ / λ ] T , T represents the transposition of the matrix, λ represents the wavelength, Δ represents the antenna spacing, * represents the matrix The conjugate transpose, R hh represents the autocorrelation function.
终端800能够实现前述实施例中到达角估计方法的各个过程，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。The terminal 800 can implement the various processes of the angle of arrival estimation method in the foregoing embodiment. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
第六实施例Sixth embodiment
参见图9，图9是本发明实施例提供的一种基站900的结构图，如图9所示，所述基站900包括：至少一个处理器901、存储器902、至少一个网络接口903及用户接口904。 Referring to FIG. 9, FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a base station 900 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the base station 900 includes: at least one processor 901, a memory 902, at least one network interface 903, and a user interface. 904.
基站900中的各个组件通过总线***906耦合在一起、可以理解的是，总线***906用于实现这些组件之间的连接通信。总线***906除包括数据线之外，还包括电源总线、控制总线及状态信号总线。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图9中将各种总线都标为总线***906。The various components in base station 900 are coupled together by bus system 906, it being understood that bus system 906 is used to effect connection communication between these components. The bus system 906 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data lines. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 906 in FIG.
其中，用户接口904可以包括显示器、键盘或者点击设备，例如鼠标，轨迹球(trackball)、触感板或者触摸屏等。The user interface 904 can include a display, a keyboard, or a pointing device such as a mouse, a trackball, a touchpad, or a touch screen.
可以理解，本发明实施例中的存储器902可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DRRAM)。本文描述的***和方法的存储器902旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。It is to be understood that the memory 902 in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), or an electric Erase programmable read only memory (EEPROM) or flash memory. The volatile memory can be a Random Access Memory (RAM) that acts as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (Synchronous DRAM). SDRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (ESDRAM), Synchronous Connection Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM) And direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 902 of the systems and methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
在一些实施方式中，存储器902存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集：操作***9021和应用程序9022。In some implementations, memory 902 stores elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or their extended set: operating system 9021 and application 9022.
其中，操作***9021，包含各种***程序，例如框架层、核心库层、驱动层等，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。应用程序9022，包含各种应用程序，例如媒体播放器(Media Player)、浏览器(Browser)等，用于实现各种应用业务。实现本发明实施例方法的程序可以包含在应用程序9022中。The operating system 9021 includes various system programs, such as a framework layer, a core library layer, a driver layer, and the like, for implementing various basic services and processing hardware-based tasks. The application 9022 includes various applications, such as a media player (Media Player), a browser, and the like, for implementing various application services. A program implementing the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be included in the application 9022.
在本发明实施例中，通过调用存储器902存储的程序或指令，具体的，可以是应用程序9022中存储的程序或指令，处理器901用于：In the embodiment of the present invention, the program or instruction stored in the memory 902 is specifically a program or an instruction stored in the application 9022. The processor 901 is configured to:
获取通信信道的时域信道响应；Obtaining a time domain channel response of the communication channel;
根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及 Calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and
根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。A cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed according to the autocorrelation function, and an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function is selected as an angle of arrival estimation result.
上述本发明实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器901中，或者由处理器901实现。处理器901可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器901中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器901可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器902，处理器901读取存储器902中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。The method disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 901 or implemented by the processor 901. The processor 901 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 901 or an instruction in a form of software. The processor 901 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. Programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or carried out. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like. The storage medium is located in the memory 902, and the processor 901 reads the information in the memory 902 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
可以理解的是，本文描述的这些实施例可以用硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微码或其组合来实现。对于硬件实现，处理单元可以实现在一个或多个专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits，ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processing，DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSP Device，DSPD)、可编程逻辑设备(Programmable Logic Device，PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、通用处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、用于执行本申请所述功能的其它电子单元或其组合中。It will be appreciated that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Equipment (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other for performing the functions described herein In an electronic unit or a combination thereof.
对于软件实现，可通过执行本文所述功能的模块(例如过程、函数等)来实现本文所述的技术。软件代码可存储在存储器中并通过处理器执行。存储器可以在处理器中或在处理器外部实现。For a software implementation, the techniques described herein can be implemented by modules (eg, procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software code can be stored in memory and executed by the processor. The memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.
可选地，所述处理器901获取通信信道的时域信道响应，包括：Optionally, the processor 901 acquires a time domain channel response of the communication channel, including:
通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应；Obtaining a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm;
将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。The frequency domain channel response is inverse transformed by Fourier transform into a time domain channel response.
可选地，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS信道估计算法或者最小均方 差MMSE信道估计算法。Optionally, the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square Differential MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
可选地，所述处理器901根据所述获取的时域信道响应计算所述信道响应的自相关函数，包括：Optionally, the processor 901 calculates an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the acquired time domain channel response, including:
判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形；Determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming;
若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝H(:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K)，其中H(:,1:K)表示所述通信信道的频域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置；或者If the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, calculate the autocorrelation function of the channel response R hh =H(:,1:K) * ×H(:,1:K), where H(:,1 : K) represents the frequency domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1: K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix;
若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，根据所述时域信道响应确定抽头系数功率最大的时延索引位置TAindex，并确定该索引位置TAindex对应的时域信道响应h(TAindex,k)；If the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not needed for beamforming, determining a delay index position TA index with the highest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determining a time domain channel response corresponding to the index position TA index (TA index, k);
计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝h(TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K)，其中h(TAindex,1:K)表示所述通信信道的时域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。Calculating the autocorrelation function of channel response R hh =h(TA index ,1:K) * ×h(TA index ,1:K), where h(TA index , 1:K) represents the time domain channel of the communication channel In response, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
可选地，所述以角度作为输入参数的代价函数为：Optionally, the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000003
其中导向矢量aθ＝[1,e-j2π△sinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2π△sinθ/λ]T，T表示矩阵的转置，λ表示波长，△表示天线间距，*表示矩阵的共轭转置，Rhh表示自相关函数。Wherein the steering vector a θ = [1, e - j2π Δsin θ / λ , ..., e - j7 × 2π Δsin θ / λ ] T , T represents the transposition of the matrix, λ represents the wavelength, Δ represents the antenna spacing, * represents the matrix The conjugate transpose, R hh represents the autocorrelation function.
基站900能够实现前述实施例中到达角估计方法的各个过程，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。The base station 900 can implement the various processes of the angle of arrival estimation method in the foregoing embodiments. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法的全部或者部分步骤是可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取介质中，该程序在执行时，包括以下步骤：It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions, which may be stored in a computer readable medium, including when executed, including The following steps:
获取通信信道的时域信道响应；Obtaining a time domain channel response of the communication channel;
根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及Calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and
根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。 A cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed according to the autocorrelation function, and an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function is selected as an angle of arrival estimation result.
可选地，所述获取通信信道的时域信道响应的步骤包括：Optionally, the step of acquiring a time domain channel response of the communication channel includes:
通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应；Obtaining a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm;
将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。The frequency domain channel response is inverse transformed by Fourier transform into a time domain channel response.
可选地，在该实施例中，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS信道估计算法或者最小均方差MMSE信道估计算法。Optionally, in this embodiment, the preset channel estimation algorithm includes a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
可选地，所述根据所述获取的时域信道响应计算所述信道响应的自相关函数的步骤包括：Optionally, the step of calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the acquired time domain channel response includes:
判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形；Determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming;
若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝H(:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K)，其中H(:,1:K)表示所述通信信道的频域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置；或者If the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, calculate the autocorrelation function of the channel response R hh =H(:,1:K) * ×H(:,1:K), where H(:,1 : K) represents the frequency domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1: K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix;
若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，根据所述时域信道响应确定抽头系数功率最大的时延索引位置TAindex，并确定该索引位置TAindex对应的时域信道响应h(TAindex,k)；及If the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not needed for beamforming, determining a delay index position TA index with the highest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determining a time domain channel response corresponding to the index position TA index (TA index, k); and
计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝h(TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K)，其中h(TAindex,1:K)表示所述通信信道的时域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。Calculating the autocorrelation function of channel response R hh =h(TA index ,1:K) * ×h(TA index ,1:K), where h(TA index , 1:K) represents the time domain channel of the communication channel In response, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
可选地，在该实施例中，所述以角度作为输入参数的代价函数为：Optionally, in this embodiment, the cost function with the angle as an input parameter is:
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-000004
其中导向矢量aθ＝[1，e-j2π△sinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2π△sinθ/λ]T，T表示矩阵的转置，λ表示波长，△表示天线间距，*表示矩阵的共轭转置，Rhh表示自相关函数。Wherein the steering vector a θ = [1, e - j2π Δsin θ / λ , ..., e - j7 × 2π Δsin θ / λ ] T , T represents the transposition of the matrix, λ represents the wavelength, Δ represents the antenna spacing, * represents the matrix The conjugate transpose, R hh represents the autocorrelation function.
所述的存储介质，如只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等。The storage medium is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。 The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
工业实用性Industrial applicability
本发明实施例提供的方案可以应用于通信技术领域。本发明实施例提供的到达角估计的方法、装置、终端及基站，获取通信信道的时域信道响应；根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。这样，本发明的到达角估计的方法及装置能够在存在多径的情况下准确地估计到达角，减小到达角的估计误差，提高通信***传输性能。 The solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the field of communication technologies. A method, apparatus, terminal, and base station for estimating an angle of arrival provided by an embodiment of the present invention, acquiring a time domain channel response of a communication channel; calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and constructing according to the autocorrelation function The angle is used as the cost function of the input parameter, and the angle parameter value corresponding to the maximum value of the cost function is selected as the angle of arrival estimation result. Thus, the method and apparatus for estimating the angle of arrival of the present invention can accurately estimate the angle of arrival in the presence of multipath, reduce the estimation error of the angle of arrival, and improve the transmission performance of the communication system.

Claims (13)

  1. 一种到达角估计的方法，其中，包括：A method for estimating an angle of arrival, which includes:
    获取通信信道的时域信道响应；Obtaining a time domain channel response of the communication channel;
    根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及Calculating an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and
    根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。A cost function with an angle as an input parameter is constructed according to the autocorrelation function, and an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function is selected as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的到达角估计的方法，其中，所述获取通信信道的时域信道响应的步骤包括：The method of claim angle estimation according to claim 1, wherein said step of obtaining a time domain channel response of the communication channel comprises:
    通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应；Obtaining a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm;
    将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。The frequency domain channel response is inverse transformed by Fourier transform into a time domain channel response.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的到达角估计的方法，其中，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS信道估计算法或者最小均方差MMSE信道估计算法。The method of claim angle estimation according to claim 2, wherein said predetermined channel estimation algorithm comprises a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a least mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
  4. 如权利要求2所述的到达角估计的方法，其中，所述根据所述获取的时域信道响应计算所述信道响应的自相关函数的步骤包括：The method of claim angle estimation according to claim 2, wherein said step of calculating an autocorrelation function of said channel response based on said acquired time domain channel response comprises:
    判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形；Determining whether the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming;
    若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝H(:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K)，其中H(:,1:K)表示所述通信信道的频域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置；或者If the result of the angle of arrival estimation needs to be used for beamforming, calculate the autocorrelation function of the channel response R hh =H(:,1:K) * ×H(:,1:K), where H(:,1 : K) represents the frequency domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1: K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix;
    若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，根据所述时域信道响应确定抽头系数功率最大的时延索引位置TAindex，并确定该索引位置TAindex对应的时域信道响应h(TAindex,k)；If the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not needed for beamforming, determining a delay index position TA index with the highest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determining a time domain channel response corresponding to the index position TA index (TA index, k);
    计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝h(TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K)，其中h(TAindex,1:K)表示所述通信信道的时域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。Calculating the autocorrelation function of channel response R hh =h(TA index ,1:K) * ×h(TA index ,1:K), where h(TA index , 1:K) represents the time domain channel of the communication channel In response, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
  5. 如权利要求1～4任一项所述的到达角估计的方法，其中，所述以角度作为输入参数的代价函数为： The method of estimating an angle of arrival according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cost function using the angle as an input parameter is:
    Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-100001
    其中导向矢量aθ＝[1,e-j2π△sinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2π△sinθ/λ]T，T表示矩阵的转置，λ表示波长，△表示天线间距，*表示矩阵的共轭转置，Rhh表示自相关函数。Wherein the steering vector a θ = [1, e - j2π Δsin θ / λ , ..., e - j7 × 2π Δsin θ / λ ] T , T represents the transposition of the matrix, λ represents the wavelength, Δ represents the antenna spacing, * represents the matrix The conjugate transpose, R hh represents the autocorrelation function.
  6. 一种到达角估计的装置，其中，包括：An apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival, comprising:
    获取模块，设置为获取通信信道的时域信道响应；Obtaining a module, configured to obtain a time domain channel response of the communication channel;
    计算模块，设置为根据所述时域信道响应计算信道响应的自相关函数；及a calculation module configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response according to the time domain channel response; and
    构造模块，设置为根据所述自相关函数构造以角度作为输入参数的代价函数，并选择所述代价函数的最大值对应的角度参数值作为到达角估计结果。The constructing module is configured to construct a cost function with an angle as an input parameter according to the autocorrelation function, and select an angle parameter value corresponding to a maximum value of the cost function as an angle of arrival estimation result.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的到达角估计的装置，其中，所述获取模块包括：The apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to claim 6, wherein the acquisition module comprises:
    获取单元，设置为通过预设的信道估计算法获取所述通信信道的频域信道响应；及An obtaining unit, configured to acquire a frequency domain channel response of the communication channel by using a preset channel estimation algorithm; and
    转换单元，设置为将所述频域信道响应进行傅里叶逆变换变换为时域信道响应。And a converting unit configured to perform inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain channel response into a time domain channel response.
  8. 如权利要求7所述的到达角估计的装置，其中，所述预设的信道估计算法包括最小二乘LS信道估计算法或者最小均方差MMSE信道估计算法。The apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to claim 7, wherein said predetermined channel estimation algorithm comprises a least squares LS channel estimation algorithm or a least mean square error MMSE channel estimation algorithm.
  9. 如权利要求7所述的到达角估计的装置，其中，所述计算模块包括：The apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to claim 7, wherein said calculation module comprises:
    判断单元，设置为判断到达角估计的结果是否需要用于波束赋形；a determining unit configured to determine whether a result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming;
    第一计算单元，设置为若所述到达角估计的结果需要用于波束赋形，计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝H(:,1:K)*×H(:,1:K)，其中H(:,1:K)表示所述通信信道的频域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置；或者a first calculating unit configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of the channel response R hh =H(:,1:K) * ×H(:,1:K) if the result of the angle of arrival estimation is required for beamforming Where H(:, 1:K) represents the frequency domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1:K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate of the matrix Transpose; or
    确定单元，设置为若所述到达角估计的结果不需要用于波束赋形，根据所述时域信道响应确定抽头系数功率最大的时延索引位置TAindex，并确定该索引位置TAindex对应的时域信道响应h(TAindex,k)；Determining a unit, configured to determine, if the result of the angle of arrival estimation is not used for beamforming, determining a delay index position TA index having the largest tap coefficient power according to the time domain channel response, and determining that the index position TA index corresponds to Time domain channel response h(TA index , k);
    第二计算单元，设置为计算信道响应的自相关函数Rhh＝h(TAindex,1:K)*×h(TAindex,1:K)，其中h(TAindex,1:K)表示所述通信信道的时域信道响应，K表示天线数目，1：K表示从天线1到天线K组成的时域信道响应向量，*表示矩阵的共轭转置。 a second calculating unit, configured to calculate an autocorrelation function of channel response R hh =h(TA index ,1:K) * ×h(TA index ,1:K), where h(TA index , 1:K) represents The time domain channel response of the communication channel, K represents the number of antennas, 1: K represents the time domain channel response vector composed from antenna 1 to antenna K, and * represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix.
  10. 如权利要求6～9任一项所述的到达角估计的装置，其中，所述以角度作为输入参数的代价函数为：The apparatus for estimating an angle of arrival according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the cost function using the angle as an input parameter is:
    Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2017093414-appb-100002
    其中导向矢量aθ＝[1,e-j2π△sinθ/λ,…,e-j7×2π△sinθ/λ]T，T表示矩阵的转置，λ表示波长，△表示天线间距，*表示矩阵的共轭转置，Rhh表示自相关函数。Wherein the steering vector a θ = [1, e - j2π Δsin θ / λ , ..., e - j7 × 2π Δsin θ / λ ] T , T represents the transposition of the matrix, λ represents the wavelength, Δ represents the antenna spacing, * represents the matrix The conjugate transpose, R hh represents the autocorrelation function.
  11. 一种终端，其中，所述终端包括权利要求6～9任一项所述的装置。A terminal, wherein the terminal comprises the apparatus of any one of claims 6 to 9.
  12. 一种基站，其中，所述基站包括权利要求6～9任一项所述的装置。A base station, wherein the base station comprises the apparatus of any one of claims 6-9.
  13. 一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行的一个或多个程序，所述一个或多个程序被所述计算机执行时使所述计算机执行如根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的到达角估计的方法。 A computer storage medium having stored therein one or more programs executable by a computer, the one or more programs being executed by the computer to cause the computer to perform as in claims 1-5 A method of estimating the angle of arrival as described in any of the above.
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