WO2018027793A1 - Procédé et système visant à localiser visuellement une structure fonctionnelle cérébrale lors d'une craniotomie - Google Patents

Procédé et système visant à localiser visuellement une structure fonctionnelle cérébrale lors d'une craniotomie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018027793A1
WO2018027793A1 PCT/CN2016/094616 CN2016094616W WO2018027793A1 WO 2018027793 A1 WO2018027793 A1 WO 2018027793A1 CN 2016094616 W CN2016094616 W CN 2016094616W WO 2018027793 A1 WO2018027793 A1 WO 2018027793A1
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image
brain
registered
optical
craniotomy
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PCT/CN2016/094616
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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李荣茂
付楠
余绍德
陈昳丽
朱艳春
陈鸣闽
谢耀钦
王磊
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中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/094616 priority Critical patent/WO2018027793A1/fr
Publication of WO2018027793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018027793A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of labor medicine, in particular to a method and a system for visualizing brain function structure in a craniotomy.
  • the cranial function distribution in the vicinity of the tumor needs to be determined before craniotomy to cut the tumor, and the brain is directly stimulated by the electrocortical signal measurement of the cortex and the brain.
  • the functional area is labeled with a label to provide a basis for the surgeon to provide a surgical planning plan for the patient to be removed and protected.
  • the existing method of brain arousal surgery requires online functional positioning after craniotomy, which takes up a large amount of clinical operation time.
  • accurate information about the functional area of the patient cannot be obtained by stimulation and electrophysiological signals (spatial position, nerve fiber) , nerve damage, etc.);
  • positioning needs to wake up the patient, the impact of anesthesia is a burden on the patient and the doctor.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above drawbacks and to provide a safe and effective method and system for visualizing brain function structure in craniotomy.
  • the present invention provides a method for visualizing a brain function structure in a craniotomy, which comprises: obtaining a functional image of a patient's brain function structure by functional structure imaging before craniotomy, according to a predetermined imaging
  • the program functionalizes the image of the functional structure of the brain of the patient to obtain a functional image to be registered; in the craniotomy, the optical image of the brain of the patient is obtained by optical equipment, and the optical image of the brain of the patient is segmented.
  • the invention also provides a visualized brain functional structure localization system in craniotomy, the system specifically comprising: a brain structure imaging detecting device, wherein the brain structure imaging detector is used for obtaining a patient through functional structure imaging before craniotomy a brain functional structure fusion image, functional imaging of the brain functional structure fusion image of the patient according to a predetermined imaging scheme to obtain a functional image to be registered; an optical imaging device for use in a craniotomy hand During operation, an optical image of the brain of the patient is obtained, and the optical image of the brain of the patient is segmented to obtain an optical image to be registered; and a processor is configured to match the image to be registered with the image to be dispensed The quasi-optical images are matched to obtain an optical function calibration image.
  • the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable instructions, when executed, causing the processor to perform at least the following processing: obtaining a patient by functional structure imaging prior to craniotomy
  • the functional image of the brain is fused, and the functional image fusion image of the brain is functionally imaged according to a predetermined imaging scheme to obtain a functional image to be registered; in the craniotomy, the optical image of the brain of the patient is obtained through an optical device.
  • the MRI function imaging scan (function image and structure image) is performed on the glioma patient, and the functional stimulation is added in the scan (visual stimulation) , auditory stimuli, semantic stimuli, olfactory stimuli, etc.) and tasks (sports tasks, language tasks, etc.), after acquiring images, fmRI image function links, function networks to determine functional images corresponding to stimuli, tasks, and fusion to corresponding structural images In the middle, thereby obtaining a 3D brain image of the structural patient divided by the brain functional area, and calculating the posture information of the brain under the nuclear magnetic field according to the structural image; in the craniotomy, the doctor performs craniotomy around the lesion area, and is opened by the camera.
  • the cranial part is optically imaged to obtain the posture information of the head; the image is uploaded into the computing server system, and the surface image of the cortex corresponding to the same posture of the cranial lesion taken by the camera is searched for in the 3D functional image;
  • the characteristic point corresponds to the camera's cranial cortical image and its (the image) head posture and photo
  • the 3D functional structure image corresponding to the positional relationship of the head is registered, and the deformed cortical layer image and the corresponding function calibration map are obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for visualizing a brain function structure in a craniotomy according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for visualizing a brain function structure in a craniotomy according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for visualizing a brain function structure in a craniotomy according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for visualizing brain function structure in craniotomy according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for visualizing brain function structure in a craniotomy according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a visualized brain function structure localization system in a craniotomy according to the present invention.
  • the invention provides a method for visualizing brain function structure in craniotomy, which comprises: obtaining a functional image of a functional structure of a brain of a patient through functional structure imaging before craniotomy, according to a predetermined imaging scheme for the patient
  • the function image of the functional structure of the brain is imaged to obtain the functional image to be registered.
  • the optical image of the brain of the patient is obtained through optical equipment, and the optical image of the brain of the patient is segmented to obtain the registration.
  • the method for visualizing the brain function structure in the craniotomy proposed by the present invention comprises: performing MRI functional imaging scan (function image and structure image) on the glioma patient before the craniotomy, in the scan
  • Add functional stimuli visual stimuli, auditory stimuli, semantic stimuli, olfactory stimuli, etc.
  • tasks sports tasks, language tasks, etc.
  • the 3D brain image of the patient who is fused into the corresponding structural image to obtain the brain functional region is also the image to be registered, and the posture information of the brain under the nuclear magnetic field can be calculated according to the structural image
  • the doctor performs craniotomy around the lesion area, and optically images the craniotomy through the camera, that is, the optical image is to be registered, and the posture information of the head is also acquired; the image is uploaded to the processing end, such as : Computation server
  • the functional structure is first imaged before the brain tumor craniotomy, and the functional image fusion image of the patient's head region is obtained.
  • the location of the lesion area and other information specify the functional imaging scheme, including imaging parameters, stimulation plan, applied task flow, etc., and perform brain structure imaging; then obtain in craniotomy
  • An optical image of the brain is opened, and a segment of the region of interest is segmented by the doctor on the optical image to obtain an optical image to be registered; and the functional image with registration is obtained according to the segmented optical image with the registration;
  • the segmented functional structure image is registered with the segmented optical image to obtain an optical function calibration image, which is used to provide a reference for surgical planning for the doctor;
  • the processing methods of each step in this embodiment may be as follows:
  • the doctor judges the applied stimulation and task state according to the relationship between the location of the tumor in the brain and the nearby functional area; it can only detect the functional loop disorder by stimulating the cortex or monitor the ERP discharge in the stimulus or task state.
  • functional imaging is used here to obtain the location of all participating brain function activation regions associated with the stimulation, task; wherein the design of the stimulation and task can be based on the doctor's
  • the function of the relevant brain region is designed and provided; secondly, in the resting state of the patient, the MRIT1 image of the patient's head is collected and the head is fixed; in the fusion, first, different stimulations and tasks obtain activation of different brain regions through the brain.
  • the functional area divides the functional image of the brain region, and re-projects the normalized functional region through the designated calibration template of the T1 image to obtain the MRI image after the fusion of the function and the structural image;
  • the craniotomy area is imaged by the front of the camera after craniotomy, and the head position and posture information is acquired by imaging the head through the camera; the position of the brain region of the craniotomy in the optical image is determined by the surgeon in the image. And an image of the intracranial region of the brain is delineated along the cranial region for registration with the 2DMRI functional structure image;
  • the 3DMRI functional structure image is reduced to the 2D functional structure image, and the 2D image corresponding to the optical image is obtained from the 3D image through physical, algorithm, etc.; then the 2D functional structure image obtained according to the foregoing is also to be registered.
  • the brain region image determines the relevant registration area. The delineation and segmentation of the region need to be calculated with reference to the location of the tumor, bone, etc., or the pre-planning of the craniotomy is expected in advance, and the preoperative input is determined, and the edge correction is performed during the operation.
  • the 2DMRI functional positioning image is registered to the image of the brain region after optical craniotomy; the registration can be performed by physical calculation of the feature points such as blood vessel hookback, and the functional positioning 2D image is registered to the optical image to be registered.
  • matching the image to be registered with the image to be registered further provides two functions for matching the functional structure like dimensionality reduction or optical image enhancement.
  • Class method the details are as follows:
  • the method for reducing the dimension of the functional structure is as shown in FIG. 2, and the dimension-of-registration function image is subjected to dimensionality reduction processing, and the to-be-registered optical image is matched with the processed image to be registered.
  • Obtain an optical function calibration image that identifies the functional definition of each region of the brain of the patient, specifically first by pre-study according to the stimulus or task
  • the 3D structure of the brain function is subjected to dimensionality reduction processing), and the 2D functional structure image of the planar process is intercepted, and finally the 2D functional structure image is registered with the optical 2D image to obtain an optical function calibration image, that is, a 2D optical functional area calibration image;
  • the method for performing the dimensionality reduction processing on the image to be registered has a plurality of dimensionality reduction methods, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the physical positioning dimensionality reduction method and the traversal dimensionality reduction are provided.
  • the method is as follows.
  • the physical positioning and dimension reduction method is used as an example. Referring to FIG.
  • the brain functional structure image and the Brain optical imaging calibrating a first head posture scanned in a preoperative functional structure, and a second head posture in a craniotomy; a coordinate system of the first posture information and the second posture information Exchanging, converting a first frame of reference in which the first head pose is located to a second frame of reference in which the second pose information is located, and obtaining a first map pose information of the first pose information in the second coordinate system Adjusting the first mapping posture information according to the second posture information, obtaining first orientation attitude information and second posture information of the same posture in the same coordinate system; obtaining the image by intercepting An optical function calibration image; wherein the adjusting gesture comprises rotationally translating the first mapping attitude information; and the head posture is mainly measured by a head posture information of a helmet sight or a visual head based posture information measurement or The appearance template method or the detector array method obtains the first head pose and the second head pose.
  • the head posture M scanned in the preoperative functional structure is obtained mainly by the calibration of the functional structure image and the optical imaging, and the head posture O in the imaging positioning in the craniotomy, and the two postures are
  • the coordinate system of the information is transformed, and the reference system L1 where M is located is transformed into the reference system L2 where O is located.
  • the M head posture information is M', and the M' adjustment posture (rotational translation) is performed to O.
  • the orientation of the same posture in the same coordinate system is obtained, and the 2D functional structure image corresponding to the optical head system is obtained by the method of intercepting, that is, the process of reducing the dimension is completed, and the processing method of each step in this embodiment may be specifically as follows :
  • the head posture M during the scanning of the functional structure is determined by the T1 image, and the coordinate system L1 of the image in the imaging system is determined.
  • This step realizes the operation of 3DMRI and the physical positional relationship between the camera and the picture taken by the head; 2D truncation of the adjusted 3DMRI image; according to the position of the brain region in the optical image, the outer surface of the brain cortex is cut off image.
  • the dimension reduction function image may also be subjected to dimensionality reduction processing by traversing dimensionality reduction method, mainly comprising: passing through a cortical surface table of a patient in the optical image to be registered The information is traversed and matched on the image to be registered, the matching result is determined according to the actual position of the patient's brain, and the optical function calibration image is obtained from the matching result.
  • pre-known patient related information that is, the condition of prior knowledge
  • the body surface information is traversed and searched, and combined with the actual position of the tumor, the image matching the 2D image is selected in the search result.
  • the method further includes the method of matching the image to be registered with the image to be registered after the image is upgraded, and the method is as shown in FIG.
  • the method first performs an up-dimensional processing on the image to be registered, and matches the image to be registered with the processed image to be registered to obtain an optical function that defines a function definition of each region of the brain of the patient.
  • the up-dimensional processing may include: obtaining a plurality of different angles of the brain optical image in the craniotomy through the plurality of optical instruments, and combining the plurality of different angles of the brain optical image into the brain of the patient a surface structure map; the brain surface structure map is registered with the image to be registered, obtaining a three-dimensional functional structure calibration image, and adjusting the three-dimensional functional structure calibration image according to the actual position of the patient's brain disease body and taking a screenshot Processing, obtaining an optical function calibration image; specifically, during the optical imaging process, by changing the position of the camera (or setting multiple cameras at different positions) Head) at different angles captured image, an image forming surface 3D.
  • the 3D functional structure image is converted into a 3D image of the cortex, and the optical 3D image is registered with the functional structure brain epidermis image to obtain a three-dimensional functional positioning image, and the 2D screenshot is selected to obtain a 2D optical functional structure calibration image. .
  • the MRI function imaging scan (function image and structure image) is performed on the glioma patient, and the functional stimulation is added in the scan (visual stimulation) , auditory stimuli, semantic stimuli, olfactory stimuli, etc.) and tasks (sports tasks, language tasks, etc.), after acquiring images, fmRI image function links, function networks to determine functional images corresponding to stimuli, tasks, and fusion to corresponding structural images In the middle, thereby obtaining a 3D brain image of the structural patient divided by the brain functional area, and calculating the posture information of the brain under the nuclear magnetic field according to the structural image; in the craniotomy, the doctor performs craniotomy around the lesion area, and is opened by the camera.
  • Optical imaging of the cranial part to obtain the posture information of the head uploading the image to the computing server system to find the surface of the cortical surface corresponding to the same posture of the cranial lesion in the 3D functional image;
  • the cranial cortex image taken by the camera corresponding to the cerebral cortical blood vessels and the characteristic points of the hookback is registered with the 3D functional structure image corresponding to the positional relationship between the head posture and the camera position, and the deformed cortical layer image is obtained and Corresponding function calibration chart.
  • a visualization brain function structure locating system 60 for craniotomy is provided.
  • the system can be configured by a brain structure imaging detecting device 601, an optical imaging device 603, and a processor 602.
  • the brain structure imaging detecting device 601 is configured to obtain a functional image of a functional structure of a brain of a patient through functional structure imaging before the craniotomy, and perform a function on the fusion image of the functional structure of the brain according to a predetermined imaging scheme.
  • the optical imaging device 603 is configured to obtain an optical image of the brain of the patient in the craniotomy, and perform segmentation on the optical image of the brain of the patient to obtain an optical image to be registered;
  • the processor 602 is configured to match the to-be-registered function image with the to-be-registered optical image to obtain an optical function calibration image.
  • the brain structure imaging detecting device 601 in this embodiment may be an existing brain detecting device, which detects a real-time change of a patient's brain according to a stimulation task of a medical staff, thereby calibrating functions of various regions of the patient's brain; and an optical imaging device
  • the 603 can be an existing image capturing instrument such as a camera or a camera for acquiring a picture of a patient's brain during the operation;
  • the processor 601 can be a computer or other device having a processing logic.
  • the processor further includes a dimensionality reduction processing unit, and the dimensionality reduction processing unit is configured to perform a dimensionality reduction process on the to-be-registered functional image, and the processed optical image to be processed and processed The image to be registered is matched to obtain an optical function calibration image that defines a function definition of each region of the brain of the patient.
  • the dimensionality reduction processing unit further includes: calibrating a first head posture scanned in the preoperative functional structure by the brain functional structure image and the brain optical imaging, and a second head in the craniotomy Partial posture; exchanging a coordinate system of the first posture information and the second posture information, and converting a first reference system in which the first head posture is located to a second reference system in which the second posture information is located.
  • the first mapping posture information of the first posture information is obtained in the second coordinate system; the first mapping posture information is adjusted according to the second posture information, and the orientation of the same posture in the same coordinate system is obtained.
  • the dimensionality reduction processing unit may be integrated on the processor, or may be separately set, and the function thereof comprises reducing pre-operative acquisition
  • the 3D function image to be registered is changed into a 2D image for comparison and calibration with the to-be-registered optical image, and the dimensionality reduction processing unit is provided with a processing core capable of setting a predetermined logic operation Piece composition.
  • the processor further includes a lifting processing unit, wherein the lifting processing unit is configured to perform a lifting process on the to-be-registered optical image, and the image to be registered and the processed image
  • the to-be-registered optical image is matched to obtain an optical function calibration image that defines a function definition of each region of the brain of the patient;
  • the method further includes: obtaining, by a plurality of optical instruments, a plurality of brain optical images at different angles in a craniotomy, and combining the plurality of different angles of the brain optical images into a brain surface structure diagram of the patient;
  • the surface structure map of the brain is registered with the image to be registered to obtain a three-dimensional functional structure calibration image, and the three-dimensional functional structure calibration image is adjusted according to the actual position of the patient's brain disease body and subjected to screenshot processing to obtain optical function calibration.
  • the up-dimensional processing unit functions similarly to the dimensionality reduction processing unit, and may be integrated on the processor or disposed separately from the processor, and the function thereof includes upgrading the plurality of 2D optical images obtained during the operation into a 3D image. Then, the up-converted 3D image is matched and matched with the to-be-registered function image, and the up-dimensional processing unit is configured by a processing chip having a predetermined logic operation.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform at least the following processing: prior to craniotomy Obtaining a functional image of the brain functional structure of the patient through functional imaging, functional imaging of the functional image of the brain functional structure of the patient according to a predetermined imaging scheme, and obtaining a functional image to be registered; in the craniotomy, through the optical device Obtaining an optical image of the brain of the patient, performing segmentation on the optical image of the brain of the patient to obtain an optical image to be registered; matching the image to be registered with the image to be registered to obtain an optical function calibration image .
  • the above apparatus and method of the present invention may be implemented by hardware or by hardware in combination with software.
  • the present invention relates to a computer readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the apparatus or components described above, or to cause the logic component to implement the various methods described above Or steps.
  • the present invention also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, or the like.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système visant à localiser visuellement une structure fonctionnelle cérébrale lors d'une craniotomie, le procédé consistant à : avant une craniotomie, acquérir une image de fusion d'une structure fonctionnelle cérébrale d'un patient par imagerie de la structure fonctionnelle, et réaliser une imagerie fonctionnelle sur l'image de fusion de la structure fonctionnelle cérébrale du patient selon un schéma d'imagerie prédéterminé, de façon à acquérir une image fonctionnelle à enregistrer; lors de la craniotomie, acquérir une image optique du cerveau du patient au moyen d'un dispositif optique, et effectuer une segmentation de zone sur l'image optique du cerveau du patient de façon à acquérir une image optique à enregistrer; et mettre en correspondance l'image fonctionnelle à enregistrer avec l'image optique à enregistrer de façon à acquérir une image d'étalonnage optique et fonctionnelle.
PCT/CN2016/094616 2016-08-11 2016-08-11 Procédé et système visant à localiser visuellement une structure fonctionnelle cérébrale lors d'une craniotomie WO2018027793A1 (fr)

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TWI744798B (zh) * 2020-02-13 2021-11-01 國立陽明交通大學 基於腦影像的神經精神疾病評估方法及系統

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI744798B (zh) * 2020-02-13 2021-11-01 國立陽明交通大學 基於腦影像的神經精神疾病評估方法及系統

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