WO2018001150A1 - 一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3d装置、渐变节距针孔阵列及显示屏 - Google Patents
一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3d装置、渐变节距针孔阵列及显示屏 Download PDFInfo
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- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/10—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images using integral imaging methods
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- the invention relates to an integrated imaging 3D display, in particular to an integrated imaging 3D display device based on a progressive pitch pinhole array, a progressive pitch pinhole array and a display screen.
- Integrated imaging 3D display technology is a true 3D display technology that does not require any visual aids.
- the technology has the characteristics of naked eye viewing, the process of recording and display is relatively simple, and can display stereoscopic images of full parallax and full true color, and is one of the hotspot technologies in current 3D display technology.
- the current integrated imaging 3D display device still has shortcomings such as narrow viewing angle, thereby limiting its practical application.
- the viewing viewport is a common portion of the imaging area of all image elements.
- the horizontal viewing angle ⁇ of the conventional integrated imaging 3D display is:
- p is the horizontal pitch of the image element
- g is the pitch of the pinhole array and the 2D display screen
- m is the number of image elements in the horizontal direction of the micro image array
- w is the aperture width of the pinhole.
- the viewing angle of view is inversely proportional to the number of image elements in the micro image array.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the problem that the existing integrated imaging 3D display device has a narrow viewing angle in the prior art, and provides an integrated imaging 3D display device based on a gradual pitch pinhole array with a wider horizontal viewing angle.
- the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
- An integrated imaging 3D display device based on a progressive pitch pinhole array comprising a 2D display screen and a progressive pitch pinhole array; the 2D display screen configured to display a micro image array; the progressive pitch pinhole array is placed in In front of the 2D display screen, image elements in the micro image array reconstruct a 3D scene through pinholes in the progressive pitch pinhole array;
- the pinholes in the same column have the same horizontal pitch; the pinholes in the same row have the same vertical pitch, and the horizontal pitch gradually increases from the center of the row to the edge of the row;
- the image elements in the micro image array are in one-to-one correspondence with the pinholes in the progressive pitch pinhole array, and the horizontal and vertical pitches of the image elements are respectively the same as the horizontal and vertical pitches of the corresponding pinholes.
- the horizontal pitch of each column of pinholes in the progressive pitch pinhole array is multiplied from a central column to two sides at a preset growth rate.
- the preset growth rate is:
- l is the viewing distance and g is the spacing of the progressive pitch pinhole array from the 2D display.
- the horizontal pitch H i of the i-th column pinhole on the progressive pitch pinhole array is:
- ceil( ) is rounded up
- floor( ) is rounded down
- i is a positive integer less than or equal to m
- p is the horizontal pitch of the pinhole at the center of the progressive pitch pinhole array.
- l is the viewing distance
- g is the distance between the progressive pitch pinhole array and the 2D display screen
- m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction in the progressive pitch pinhole array.
- the progressive pitch pinhole array has 11 rows and 11 columns.
- the horizontal viewing angle of view ⁇ of the integrated imaging 3D display device based on the progressive pitch pinhole array is:
- p is the horizontal pitch of the pinholes located at the center of the progressive pitch pinhole array
- g is the pitch of the tapered pitch pinhole array and the 2D display screen
- w is the aperture width of the pinhole.
- the 2D display screen is one of a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, and an organic electroluminescence display.
- An embodiment of the present invention further provides a progressive pitch pinhole array, the progressive pitch pinhole array being disposed in front of a 2D display screen configured to display a micro image array, wherein the image elements in the micro image array pass the Reconstructing a 3D scene with a pinhole in a progressive pitch pinhole array;
- the pinholes in the same column have the same horizontal pitch; the pinholes in the same row have the same vertical pitch, and the horizontal pitch gradually increases from the center of the row to the edge of the row.
- the horizontal pitch of each column of pinholes in the progressive pitch pinhole array is multiplied from a central column to two sides at a preset growth rate.
- the preset growth rate is:
- l is the viewing distance and g is the spacing of the progressive pitch pinhole array from the 2D display.
- the horizontal pitch H i of the i-th column pinhole on the progressive pitch pinhole array is:
- ceil( ) is rounded up
- floor( ) is rounded down
- i is a positive integer less than or equal to m
- p is the horizontal pitch of the pinhole at the center of the progressive pitch pinhole array.
- l is the viewing distance
- g is the distance between the progressive pitch pinhole array and the 2D display screen
- m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction in the progressive pitch pinhole array.
- the progressive pitch pinhole array has 11 rows and 11 columns.
- the horizontal viewing angle of view ⁇ of the integrated imaging 3D display device based on the progressive pitch pinhole array is:
- p is the horizontal pitch of the pinhole at the center of the progressive pitch pinhole array
- g is the pitch of the pinhole array and the 2D display screen
- w is the aperture width of the pinhole.
- An embodiment of the present invention further provides a display screen configured to display a micro image array, the micro image array comprising a plurality of image elements distributed in a display, the display screen being disposed in a gradient comprising a plurality of pinholes After the pitch pinhole array, the image elements of the micro image array reconstruct a 3D image scene through the pinholes in the progressive pitch pinhole array;
- the horizontal pitch of the image elements located in the same column is the same
- the vertical pitch of the image elements located in the same row is the same
- the horizontal pitch of the image elements located in the same row gradually increases from the center of the row to the edge of the row.
- the horizontal pitch of each column of image elements is multiplied from a central column to two sides at a preset growth rate.
- the preset growth rate is:
- l is the viewing distance and g is the spacing between the display screen and the progressive pitch pinhole array.
- 1 is a schematic horizontal viewing angle view of an existing pinhole array integrated imaging 3D display device
- FIG. 2 is an integrated imaging 3D display device based on a progressive pitch pinhole array of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a horizontal viewing angle of an integrated imaging 3D display device based on a progressive pitch pinhole array according to the present invention
- the viewing viewport is a common portion of the imaging area of all image elements.
- the horizontal viewing angle ⁇ of the conventional integrated imaging 3D display is:
- p is the horizontal pitch of the image element
- g is the pitch of the pinhole array and the 2D display screen
- m is the number of image elements in the horizontal direction of the micro image array
- w is the aperture width of the pinhole.
- the viewing angle of view is inversely proportional to the number of image elements in the micro image array.
- the present invention provides an integrated imaging 3D display device based on a progressive pitch pinhole array, as shown in FIG. 2, an integrated imaging 3D display device based on a progressive pitch pinhole array, including a 2D display screen and a gradient pitch a pinhole array; the 2D display screen is configured to display a micro image array; the progressive pitch pinhole array is placed in front of the 2D display screen, and image elements in the micro image array pass the tapered pitch pinhole A pinhole in the array reconstructs a 3D scene;
- the pinholes in the same column have the same horizontal pitch; the pinholes in the same row have the same vertical pitch, and the horizontal pitch gradually increases from the center of the row to the edge of the row;
- the horizontal pitch of the pinhole refers to the horizontal width of the pinhole
- the vertical pitch of the pinhole refers to the vertical height of the pinhole.
- the horizontal pitch of the pinholes at the center of the row is the minimum of the horizontal pitch of all pinholes in the row.
- the image elements in the micro image array are in one-to-one correspondence with the pinholes in the progressive pitch pinhole array, and the horizontal and vertical pitches of the image elements are respectively the same as the horizontal and vertical pitches of the corresponding pinholes.
- the preset growth rate may be:
- the horizontal pitch H i of the i-th column pinhole on the progressive pitch pinhole array is:
- ceil( ) is rounded up, floor( ) is rounded down, i is a positive integer less than or equal to m, and p is the horizontal pitch of the pinhole at the center of the progressive pitch pinhole array, l is The viewing distance, g is the distance between the progressive pitch pinhole array and the 2D display screen, and m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction in the progressive pitch pinhole array. In the present embodiment, m may preferably be an odd number.
- the horizontal viewing angle of view ⁇ of the integrated imaging 3D display device based on the progressive pitch pinhole array is:
- p is the horizontal pitch of the pinhole located at the center of the progressive pitch pinhole array
- g is the pitch of the progressive pitch pinhole array and the 2D display screen
- w is the aperture width of the pinhole.
- the horizontal viewing angle of the integrated imaging 3D display device based on the progressive pitch pinhole array of the present invention is 44°; and the horizontal viewing angle of the conventional integrated imaging 3D display with a pinhole pitch of 5 mm is 18°. Therefore, the integrated imaging 3D display device based on the progressive pitch pinhole array of the present invention realizes a wide viewing angle integrated imaging 3D display.
- the 2D display screen may be one of a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, and an organic electroluminescent display.
- An embodiment of the present invention further provides a display screen configured to display a micro image array, the micro image array comprising a plurality of image elements distributed in a display, the display screen being disposed in a gradient comprising a plurality of pinholes After the pitch pinhole array.
- the layout manner of the micro image array is the same as that of the progressive pitch pinhole array described above, and details are not described herein again.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated imaging 3D display device, a progressive pitch pinhole array, and a display screen based on a progressive pitch pinhole array, wherein the pinholes in the same column have horizontal levels in the tapered pitch pinhole array
- the pitches are the same; the pinholes in the same row have the same vertical pitch, and the horizontal pitch gradually increases from the center of the row to the edge of the row; the horizontal and vertical pitch of the image elements in the micro image array are respectively corresponding to the pinholes
- the horizontal and vertical pitch are the same.
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Abstract
一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,包括,用于显示微图像阵列(4)的2D显示屏(1)和渐变节距针孔阵列(3),所述渐变节距针孔阵列(3)中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大;所述微图像阵列(4)中图像元的水平和垂直节距分别与其对应的针孔的水平和垂直节距相同。采用基于渐变节距针孔阵列(3)的集成成像3D显示装置成像时,水平观看视角与微图像阵列中图像元的数目无关,从而实现集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角增大。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年06月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为2016105110007、名称为“一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及一种集成成像3D显示,特别涉及一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置、渐变节距针孔阵列及显示屏。
集成成像3D显示技术是一种无需任何助视设备的真3D显示技术。该技术具有裸眼观看的特点,其记录和显示的过程相对简单,且能显示全视差和全真色彩的立体图像,是目前3D显示技术中的热点技术之一。但是,目前的集成成像3D显示装置仍然存在观看视角窄等缺点,从而限制了它的实际应用。
如图1所示,在传统的集成成像3D显示中,观看视区是所有图像元的成像区域的公共部分。在观看距离l处,传统的集成成像3D显示的水平观看视角θ为:
其中,p为图像元的水平节距,g为针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,m为微图像阵列水平方向上图像元的数目,w为针孔的孔径宽度。在传统的集成成像3D显示中,观看视角与微图像阵列中图像元的数目成反比。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中现有集成成像3D显示装置存在观看视角窄的问题,提供了一种具有更宽水平视角的基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,包括2D显示屏和渐变节距针孔阵列;所述2D显示屏配置成显示微图像阵列;所述渐变节距针孔阵列放置在所述2D显示屏前方,所述微图像阵列中的图像元通过所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔重建3D场景;其中,
所述渐变节距针孔阵列中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大;
所述微图像阵列中的图像元与所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔一一对应,所述图像元的水平和垂直节距分别与其对应的针孔的水平和垂直节距相同。
优选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中各列针孔的水平节距以预设增长率从中心列向两侧复式增长。
优选地,所述预设增长率为:
其中,l为观看距离,g为所述渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距。
优选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列上第i列针孔的水平节距Hi为:
其中,ceil( )是向上取整,floor( )是向下取整,i是小于或等于m的正整数,p为位于所述渐变节距针孔阵列中心位置的针孔的水平节距,l为观看距离,g为所述渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,m为所述渐变节距针孔阵列中水平方向上针孔的个数。
优选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列的行数为11,列数为11。
优选地,所述基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角θ为:
其中,p为位于所述渐变节距针孔阵列中心位置的针孔的水平节距,g为所述渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,w是针孔的孔径宽度。
优选地,所述2D显示屏为液晶显示屏、等离子显示屏和有机电致发光显示屏之一。
本发明实施例还提供一种渐变节距针孔阵列,所述渐变节距针孔阵列设置于配置成显示微图像阵列的2D显示屏的前方,所述微图像阵列中的图像元通过所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔重建3D场景;
所述渐变节距针孔阵列中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大。
优选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中各列针孔的水平节距以预设增长率从中心列向两侧复式增长。
优选地,其特征在于,所述预设增长率为:
其中,l为观看距离,g为所述渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距。
优选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列上第i列针孔的水平节距Hi为:
其中,ceil( )是向上取整,floor( )是向下取整,i是小于或等于m的正整数,p为位于所述渐变节距针孔阵列中心位置的针孔的水平节距,l为观看距离,g为所述渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,m为所述渐变节距针孔阵列中水平方向上针孔的个数。
优选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列的行数为11,列数为11。
优选地,基于所述渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角θ为:
其中,p位于渐变节距针孔阵列中心位置的针孔的水平节距,g为针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,w是针孔的孔径宽度。
本发明实施例还提供一种显示屏,所述显示屏配置成显示微图像阵列,所述微图像阵列包括多个呈陈列分布的图像元,所述显示屏设置于包括多个针孔的渐变节距针孔阵列之后,所述微图像阵列的图像元通过所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔重建3D图像场景;
所述微图像阵列中,位于同一列的图像元的水平节距相同,位于同一行的图像元的垂直节距相同,位于同一行的图像元的水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大。
优选地,所述微图像阵列中,各列图像元的水平节距以预设增长率从中心列向两侧复式增长。
优选地,所述预设增长率为:
其中,l为观看距离,g为所述显示屏与所述渐变节距针孔阵列的间距。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:提供了一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像
3D显示装置、渐变节距针孔阵列及显示屏,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大;所述微图像阵列中图像元的水平和垂直节距分别与其对应的针孔的水平和垂直节距相同。采用基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置成像时,水平观看视角与微图像阵列中图像元的数目无关,从而实现集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角增大。
图1为现有针孔阵列集成成像3D显示装置成像的水平观看视角示意图;
图2为本发明基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置;
图3为本发明基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角示意图;
图中标记:1.显示屏,2.传统的针孔阵列,3.渐变节距针孔阵列,4.本发明的微图像阵列。
下面结合试验例及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例,凡基于本发明内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
如图1所示,在传统的集成成像3D显示中,观看视区是所有图像元的成像区域的公共部分。在观看距离l处,传统的集成成像3D显示的水平观看视角θ为:
其中,p为图像元的水平节距,g为针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,m为微图像阵列水平方向上图像元的数目,w为针孔的孔径宽度。在传统的集成成像3D显示中,观看视角与微图像阵列中图像元的数目成反比。
本发明提供了一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,如图2所示,一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,包括2D显示屏和渐变节距针孔阵列;所述2D显示屏配置成显示微图像阵列;所述渐变节距针孔阵列放置在所述2D显示屏前方,所述微图像阵列中的图像元通过所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔重建3D场景;其中,
所述渐变节距针孔阵列中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大;在本实施例中,针孔的水平节距指该针孔的水平宽度,针孔的垂直节距指该针孔的垂直高度。如此,位于行中心处的针孔的水平节距该行所有针孔的水平节距中的最小值。
所述微图像阵列中的图像元与所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔一一对应,所述图像元的水平和垂直节距分别与其对应的针孔的水平和垂直节距相同。
在本实施例中,可选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中各列针孔的水平节距以预设增长率从中心列向两侧复式增长。假设所述预设增长率为x,中心列的针孔的水平节距为p,则所述中心列两侧第n列针孔的水平节距为Hn=p(1+x)n。
可选地,所述预设增长率可以为:
其中,l为观看距离,g为所述渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距。如此,所述中心列的两侧第n列针孔的水平节距为:
可选地,所述渐变节距针孔阵列上第i列针孔的水平节距Hi为:
其中,ceil( )是向上取整,floor( )是向下取整,i是小于或等于m的正整数,p为位于渐变节距针孔阵列中心位置的针孔的水平节距,l为观看距离,g为渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,m为渐变节距针孔阵列中水平方向上针孔的个数。在本实施例中,m可优选为奇数。
可选地,在最佳观看位置l处,所述基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角θ为:
其中,p为位于渐变节距针孔阵列中心位置的针孔的水平节距,g为所述渐变节距针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距,w是针孔的孔径宽度。
在实际应用中,作为一种实施方式,所述微图像阵列与渐变节距针孔阵列可以均包含
11×11个单元,其中,水平方向上11个单元,垂直方向上11个单元,位于渐变节距针孔阵列中心位置的针孔的节距为p=5mm,观看距离为l=105mm,针孔阵列与2D显示屏的间距为g=5mm,针孔的孔径宽度为w=1mm,则第1~11列针孔的水平节距分别为8.05255mm、7.3205mm、6.655mm、6.05mm、5.5mm、5mm、5.5mm、6.05mm、6.655mm、7.3205mm、8.05255mm,根据公式:
得到本发明所述基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角为44°;而针孔节距为5mm的传统集成成像3D显示的水平观看视角为18°。因此本发明所述基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置实现了宽视角集成成像3D显示。
可选地,所述2D显示屏可以为液晶显示屏、等离子显示屏和有机电致发光显示屏之一。
本发明实施例还提供一种显示屏,所述显示屏配置成显示微图像阵列,所述微图像阵列包括多个呈陈列分布的图像元,所述显示屏设置于包括多个针孔的渐变节距针孔阵列之后。
在本实施例中,所述微图像阵列的布局方式与上述渐变节距针孔阵列的布局方式相同,此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供了一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置、渐变节距针孔阵列及显示屏,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大;所述微图像阵列中图像元的水平和垂直节距分别与其对应的针孔的水平和垂直节距相同。采用基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置成像时,水平观看视角与微图像阵列中图像元的数目无关,从而实现集成成像3D显示装置的水平观看视角增大。
Claims (16)
- 一种基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,其特征在于,包括2D显示屏和渐变节距针孔阵列;所述2D显示屏配置成显示微图像阵列;所述渐变节距针孔阵列放置在所述2D显示屏前方,所述微图像阵列中的图像元通过所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔重建3D场景;其中,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大;所述微图像阵列中的图像元与所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔一一对应,所述图像元的水平和垂直节距分别与其对应的针孔的水平和垂直节距相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,其特征在于,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中各列针孔的水平节距以预设增长率从中心列向两侧复式增长。
- 根据权利要求1~4任一项所述的基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,其特征在于,所述渐变节距针孔阵列的行数为11,列数为11。
- 根据权利要求1~6任一项所述的基于渐变节距针孔阵列的集成成像3D显示装置,其特征在于,所述2D显示屏为液晶显示屏、等离子显示屏和有机电致发光显示屏中之一。
- 一种渐变节距针孔阵列,其特征在于,所述渐变节距针孔阵列设置于配置成显示微图像阵列的2D显示屏的前方,所述微图像阵列中的图像元通过所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔重建3D场景;所述渐变节距针孔阵列中,位于同一列的针孔其水平节距相同;位于同一行的针孔其垂直节距相同,其水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大。
- 根据权利要求8所述的渐变节距针孔阵列,其特征在于,所述渐变节距针孔阵列中各列针孔的水平节距以预设增长率从中心列向两侧复式增长。
- 根据权利要求8~11任一项所述的渐变节距针孔阵列,其特征在于,所述渐变节距针孔阵列的行数为11,列数为11。
- 一种显示屏,其特征在于,所述显示屏配置成显示微图像阵列,所述微图像阵列包括多个呈陈列分布的图像元,所述显示屏设置于包括多个针孔的渐变节距针孔阵列之后,所述微图像阵列的图像元通过所述渐变节距针孔阵列中的针孔重建3D图像场景;所述微图像阵列中,位于同一列的图像元的水平节距相同,位于同一行的图像元的垂直节距相同,位于同一行的图像元的水平节距从行中心到行边缘逐渐增大。
- 根据权利要求14所述的显示屏,其特征在于,所述微图像阵列中,各列图像元的水平节距以预设增长率从中心列向两侧复式增长。
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