WO2017213271A1 - ダンプトラック - Google Patents
ダンプトラック Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017213271A1 WO2017213271A1 PCT/JP2017/023374 JP2017023374W WO2017213271A1 WO 2017213271 A1 WO2017213271 A1 WO 2017213271A1 JP 2017023374 W JP2017023374 W JP 2017023374W WO 2017213271 A1 WO2017213271 A1 WO 2017213271A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- peripheral surface
- king pin
- kingpin
- suspension
- inner peripheral
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
- B62D7/142—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering specially adapted for particular vehicles, e.g. tractors, carts, earth-moving vehicles, trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/18—Steering knuckles; King pins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G13/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers
- B60G13/001—Arrangements for attachment of dampers
- B60G13/005—Arrangements for attachment of dampers characterised by the mounting on the axle or suspension arm of the damper unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/02—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm
- B60G3/04—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
- B60G3/06—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle the arm being rigid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
- B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/10—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by type of power unit
- B62D5/12—Piston and cylinder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
- B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
- B60G2200/144—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with two lateral arms forming a parallelogram
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
- B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/129—Damper mount on wheel suspension or knuckle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/418—Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/02—Trucks; Load vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/02—Trucks; Load vehicles
- B60G2300/026—Heavy duty trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
- B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
- B60Y2200/142—Heavy duty trucks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/84—Rear wheel steering; All wheel steerings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
- B62D21/18—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17
- B62D21/186—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17 for building site vehicles or multi-purpose tractors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dump truck.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a suspension device for a dump truck.
- the suspension device includes a suspension cylinder having an upper end coupled to the upper portion of the body frame, and a suspension arm coupled to the lower portion of the body frame and extending outward in the vehicle width direction.
- the lower end of the suspension cylinder and the tip of the suspension arm are connected to each other via a king pin fixed to the lower end of the suspension cylinder.
- a spindle for supporting the tire is coupled to the lower portion of the suspension cylinder so as to be rotatable about the axis of the king pin.
- a dump truck includes a vehicle body frame, a wheel, and a suspension device that supports the wheel on the vehicle body frame, and the suspension device is swingable on an upper portion of the vehicle body frame.
- a suspension cylinder coupled to the suspension cylinder, a king pin coupled to the lower end of the suspension cylinder and extending further downward from the suspension cylinder; and a swingable coupling to a lower portion of the vehicle body frame;
- a suspension arm having a through-hole inserted therethrough, and a holding mechanism that is provided below the king pin and holds the suspension arm from below, the holding mechanism protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the king pin
- a locking member arranged in the circumferential direction of the kingpin, and attached to the lower end of the kingpin Has a binding member, is secured to the kingpin by the fastening member, and a holder having a supported surface facing from above the circumferential direction relative to the locking member.
- a dump truck includes a vehicle body frame, a wheel, and a suspension device that supports the wheel on the vehicle body frame, and the suspension device is swingable on an upper portion of the vehicle body frame.
- a suspension cylinder coupled to the suspension cylinder; a king pin coupled to a lower end of the suspension cylinder and extending further downward from the suspension cylinder;
- a holding mechanism provided at a lower portion of the king pin and supporting the spindle from below, and the holding mechanism protrudes from an outer peripheral surface of the king pin and extends in an annular shape in a circumferential direction of the king pin;
- a fastening member attached to a lower end of the king pin, and the king pin by the fastening member. It is fixed to have a holder having a supported surface facing from above the circumferential direction with respect to the ring.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a steering device and a suspension device in a dump truck according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a front view of a suspension device in a dump truck according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the suspension apparatus in the dump truck which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention from the front side. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the ring (locking member) in FIG. 5. It is a figure which shows the state which the holder main body fell.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the ring (locking member) in FIG. 7.
- the dump truck 1 includes a front wheel 2 (wheel), a rear wheel 3, and a vehicle body 4.
- front-rear direction, the front, the rear, and the width direction of the vehicle body 4 may be simply referred to as “front-rear direction”, “front”, “rear”, and “vehicle width direction”.
- a direction toward the center in the vehicle width direction may be referred to as “inward in the vehicle width direction”, and a direction from the center in the vehicle width direction toward the right side or the left side may be referred to as “outside in the vehicle width direction”.
- the vertical direction, upper direction, and lower direction of the dump truck 1 may be simply referred to as “vertical direction”, “upward direction”, and “lower direction”.
- the vehicle body 4 is supported so as to be able to travel by a front wheel 2 and a rear wheel 3 that are provided in pairs in the vehicle width direction.
- the vehicle body 4 includes a cab 5, a vessel 6, and a vehicle body frame 10.
- the cab 5 is provided at the front portion of the vehicle body 4.
- the cab 5 is provided with a cockpit for the driver of the dump truck 1. The driver changes the traveling direction of the dump truck 1 by steering the steering handle of the cockpit.
- the vessel 6 is provided behind the cab 5 in the vehicle body 4.
- the vessel 6 has a structure capable of loading a heavy transport object R such as crushed stone.
- a part of the front side of the vessel 6 covers the cab 5 from above.
- a rear side portion of the bottom of the vessel 6 is connected to the vehicle body frame 10 by a connecting pin 6a.
- the vessel 6 can be rotated around an axis extending in the vehicle width direction with respect to the vehicle body frame 10 by a connecting pin 6a.
- the upper end of the hoist cylinder 6 b is connected to the front side portion of the bottom of the vessel 6.
- the lower end of the hoist cylinder 6 b is connected to the vehicle body frame 10.
- the vessel 6 moves up and down with respect to the vehicle body frame 10 with the connecting pin 6a as a fulcrum as the hoist cylinder 6b expands and contracts.
- the vehicle body frame 10 supports the cab 5 and the vessel 6 from below. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the vehicle body frame 10 includes a lower side member 11, a lower cross member 12, a vertical member 13, and an upper cross member 14.
- symbols F and R in FIG. 2 have shown the front-back direction, F has shown the front and R has shown back.
- the lower side member 11 extends in the front-rear direction and is provided with a pair spaced apart in the vehicle width direction.
- the pair of lower side members 11 are provided in parallel and at the same height.
- the lower cross member 12 extends in the vehicle width direction at a predetermined front-rear direction position in the vicinity of the front wheel 2 in the pair of lower side members 11, and the pair of lower side members 11. Are connected in the vehicle width direction.
- a pair of vertical members 13 is provided in the vicinity of the front wheel 2 in the pair of lower side members 11 so as to extend upward from a predetermined position in the front-rear direction.
- the pair of vertical members 13 are provided symmetrically with respect to the center in the vehicle width direction.
- the upper cross member 14 extends in the vehicle width direction so as to connect the upper ends of the pair of vertical members 13.
- the upper cross member 14 is provided above the lower cross member 12 and in parallel with the lower cross member 12.
- the pair of lower cross members 12, vertical members 13, and upper cross members 14 are provided at the same position in the front-rear direction.
- the front of the pair of lower side members 11 in the front-rear direction protrudes forward from the arrangement position in the front-rear direction of the wheel (front wheel 2). That is, a part of the front of the pair of lower side members 11 in the front-rear direction protrudes forward from the lower cross member 12, the vertical member 13, and the upper cross member 14.
- a pair of upper side members (not shown) extending in the front-rear direction corresponding to the lower side members 11 are provided above the pair of lower side members 11.
- the dump truck 1 includes a steering device 20 for steering the front wheels 2 and a pair of suspension devices 40 that support the front wheels 2 with respect to the vehicle body frame 10.
- a steering device 20 for steering the front wheels 2 and a pair of suspension devices 40 that support the front wheels 2 with respect to the vehicle body frame 10.
- the steering device 20 and the suspension device 40 will be described in detail.
- the steering device 20 includes a center lever 21, a tie rod 22, a steering cylinder 23, and a knuckle arm 30.
- the center lever 21 is connected to the center of the lower cross member 12 in the vehicle body frame 10 in the vehicle width direction so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the vertical direction.
- the center lever 21 extends rearward from the connection location.
- a pair of tie rods 22 are coupled to the center lever 21 so as to be rotatable. These tie rods 22 are provided at the rear end portions of the center lever 21 so as to be rotatable around an axis extending in the vertical direction. The connecting portions of the pair of tie rods 22 are separated from each other in the vehicle width direction. The pair of tie rods 22 extends from the connecting portion with each center lever 21 toward the outside in the vehicle width direction.
- a pair of knuckle arms 30 are provided apart from each other in the vehicle width direction.
- the knuckle arm 30 is integrally connected to the suspension device 40 so that a base end portion 31 that is a front portion can be rotated around a king pin 60 of the suspension device 40 described later.
- the knuckle arm 30 extends rearward from the connecting portion with the suspension device 40.
- the distal end of the knuckle arm 30 is connected to the end of the tie rod 22 on the outer side in the vehicle width direction so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the vertical direction.
- a pair of steering cylinders 23 are connected to a portion of the lower cross member 12 of the vehicle body frame 10 near the center in the width direction so as to be separated in the vehicle width direction.
- the connection location of the pair of steering cylinders 23 to the lower cross member 12 is arranged so as to sandwich the connection location of the center lever 21 from the vehicle width direction.
- the steering cylinder 23 is connected to the lower cross member 12 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the vertical direction.
- the pair of steering cylinders 23 extend outward in the width direction from the connecting portion with the lower cross member 12.
- the outer end of the steering cylinder 23 in the vehicle width direction is connected to the knuckle arm 30 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the vertical direction.
- the connection location of the steering cylinder 23 to the knuckle arm 30 is a portion on the front side of the connection location of the tie rod 22 to the knuckle arm 30.
- the steering cylinder 23 is configured to expand and contract in the extending direction of the steering cylinder 23 in accordance with the operation of the steering handle by the driver in the cab 5.
- a pair of suspension devices 40 are provided apart from each other in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the suspension device 40 includes a suspension cylinder 41, a spindle 50, a king pin 60, a suspension arm 70, a spherical bearing 80, and a holding mechanism 100.
- the suspension cylinder 41 is a shock absorber and is provided so as to extend in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the suspension cylinder 41 is disposed along a reference axis O that extends outward in the vehicle width direction as it goes downward.
- the suspension cylinder 41 has a cover 42 and a cylinder 44.
- the cover 42 has a bottomed cylindrical shape extending along the reference axis O and closed at the upper end.
- the lower end of the cover 42 is open.
- the upper end of the cover 42 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the body frame 10.
- a cylinder connecting portion 43 that protrudes further upward is provided at the upper end of the cover 42.
- An upper bracket 13 a that protrudes outward in the vehicle width direction is provided on an upper portion of the surface of the vehicle body frame 10 facing the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the vertical member 13.
- the cylinder connecting portion 43 is connected to the upper bracket 13a so as to be rotatable around an axis line facing the front-rear direction.
- the cylinder 44 has a bottomed cylindrical shape extending along the reference axis O and closed at the lower end.
- the upper end of the cylinder 44 is open.
- the upper part of the cylinder 44 is fitted inside the cover 42 from the opening at the lower end of the cover 42.
- the cylinder 44 is provided so as to be relatively movable in the direction along the reference axis O with respect to the suspension cylinder 41 with the lower portion protruding from the cover 42, and to be relatively rotatable around the reference axis O with respect to the cover 42. Yes.
- a buffering mechanism having elasticity in the direction of the reference axis O that is the extending direction of the suspension cylinder 41 is configured.
- the cylinder 44 protrudes and retracts elastically with respect to the cover 42 according to the load received from the front wheel 2 and the vehicle body 4.
- the spindle 50 has a base portion 51 and a shaft portion 54 as shown in FIGS.
- the base 51 is provided so as to be rotatable around the reference axis O.
- the base 51 is provided on the suspension cylinder 41.
- the base 51 has a cylindrical shape with the reference axis O as the center.
- the inner peripheral surface 52 of the base 51 has a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the reference axis O that is a circle centered on the reference axis O.
- the inner peripheral surface 52 of the base 51 is fitted on the lower end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 44.
- the base 51 is fixed to the cylinder 44 integrally by being fixed to the cylinder 44 by a bolt (not shown).
- the lower end surface 53 of the base 51 is positioned below the reference axis O with respect to the lower end surface 44 a of the cylinder 44 that is the lower end of the suspension cylinder 41.
- the lower end surface 53 of the base 51 forms an annular shape that surrounds the reference axis O and has a planar shape that is orthogonal to the reference axis O.
- the shaft portion 54 is provided integrally with the base portion 51.
- the shaft portion 54 protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the base portion 51 in the vehicle width direction.
- the shaft portion 54 has a cylindrical shape in which the central axis P is aligned with the radial direction of the virtual circle centered on the reference axis O. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the front wheel 2 is supported by the shaft portion 54 so that the center axis P of the front wheel 2 coincides with the center axis of the shaft portion 54.
- the kingpin 60 has a kingpin main body 61 having a cylindrical shape extending about the reference axis O.
- the kingpin main body 61 will be hereinafter simply referred to as “kingpin 60”.
- the king pin 60 is connected to the lower end of the suspension cylinder 41.
- the king pin 60 extends from the lower end of the suspension cylinder 41 so as to protrude further below the reference axis O.
- the king pin 60 is not directly connected to the suspension cylinder 41 but is indirectly connected to the suspension cylinder 41 via the spindle 50 and the knuckle arm 30.
- the relative position of the king pin 60 with respect to the suspension cylinder 41 is determined by the spindle 50 and the knuckle arm 30.
- the base end portion 31 of the knuckle arm 30 has an upper end surface 32 that faces the upper side of the reference axis O and has a planar shape perpendicular to the reference axis O.
- the knuckle arm 30 is integrally fixed to the spindle 50 by a bolt (not shown) with its upper end surface 32 in contact with the lower end surface 53 of the base 51 of the spindle 50 in the circumferential direction.
- the upper end surface 32 of the knuckle arm 30 and the lower end surface 44a of the cylinder 44 of the suspension cylinder 41 are separated from each other in the reference axis O direction.
- a space surrounded by the inner peripheral surface 52 of the spindle 50 is formed between the upper end surface 32 of the knuckle arm 30 and the lower end surface 44a of the cylinder 44.
- a connecting hole portion 34 is formed in the base end portion 31 of the knuckle arm 30 so as to penetrate in the vertical direction along the reference axis O with the reference axis O as the center.
- the upper part of the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface 35 of the connecting hole 34. That is, the upper part of the king pin 60 is fitted into the connecting hole 34 of the knuckle arm 30. Accordingly, the lower portion of the king pin 60 protrudes below the reference axis O from the lower end surface 33 of the base end portion 31 of the knuckle arm 30.
- the lower end surface 33 of the knuckle arm 30 has an annular shape that is orthogonal to the reference axis O and surrounds the reference axis O.
- the outer diameter of the lower end surface 33 of the knuckle arm 30 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end surface 32 of the knuckle arm 30.
- the inner peripheral surface 35 of the connecting hole portion 34 and the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 are interference fitted.
- the kingpin 60 and the knuckle arm 30 are fixedly integrated.
- the central axis of the king pin 60 connected to the suspension cylinder 41 via the spindle 50 and the knuckle arm 30 coincides with the central axis of the suspension cylinder 41. That is, the king pin 60 and the suspension cylinder 41 each extend around the reference axis O.
- the radial direction of the kingpin 60 that is the radial direction of the virtual circle centered on the reference axis O is simply referred to as “radial direction”.
- the suspension arm 70 is a so-called A frame. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the suspension arm 70 is swingably connected to the lower portion of the vehicle body frame 10, and is connected to the king pin 60 from the lower portion of the vehicle body frame 10 to the outside in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the suspension arm 70 includes a front arm portion 71, a rear arm portion 72, and an arm connecting portion 73.
- the front arm 71 has an end on the inner side in the vehicle width direction coupled to a lower portion of the lower side member 11 in the vehicle body frame 10 via a bracket (not shown) so as to be swingable.
- the front arm portion 71 is connected to a portion of the lower side member 11 that is ahead of the position of the lower cross member 12.
- the front arm portion 71 of the suspension arm 70 can swing around the axis extending toward the inner side in the vehicle width direction toward the rear at the connection portion of the front arm portion 71.
- the shape of the front arm portion 71 extends rearward from the connecting portion with the vehicle body frame 10 toward the outer side in the vehicle width direction.
- the rear arm portion 72 has an end on the inner side in the vehicle width direction coupled to the lower portion of the lower side member 11 in the vehicle body frame 10 via a lower bracket 12a shown in FIG.
- the rear arm portion 72 is connected to a portion of the lower side member 11 corresponding to the lower cross member 12.
- the rear arm portion 72 of the suspension arm 70 can swing around an axis extending in the front-rear direction at a connection portion of the rear arm portion 72.
- the shape of the rear arm portion 72 extends outward from the connecting portion with the vehicle body frame 10 in the vehicle width direction.
- the arm connecting portion 73 is integrally provided at the front end of the front arm portion 71 and the rear arm portion 72 on the outer side in the vehicle width direction.
- the arm connecting portion 73 is supported by the front arm portion 71 and the rear arm portion 72.
- the arm connecting portion 73 has a through hole 74 that penetrates the arm connecting portion 73 in the vertical direction.
- a portion on the lower end 63 side of the king pin 60 is inserted through the through hole 74 in the vertical direction.
- the inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 74 is set larger than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60.
- the arm connecting portion 73 is swingable in the vertical direction with the connecting portion of the front arm portion 71 and the ⁇ rear arm portion 72 connected to the vehicle body frame 10 as a fulcrum.
- the spherical bearing 80 is provided between the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 74 of the suspension arm 70 through which the king pin 60 is inserted.
- the spherical bearing 80 allows relative rotation between the king pin 60 and the suspension arm 70.
- the spherical bearing 80 has an inner ring 81 and an outer ring 86.
- the inner ring 81 has a cylindrical shape centered on the reference axis O.
- the inner ring 81 is externally fitted to a portion of the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 that is lower than the knuckle arm 30.
- the inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 82 of the inner ring 81 is set larger than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface 82 of the inner ring 81 is loosely fitted to the king pin 60. Thereby, the inner ring 81 can be attached to and detached from the kingpin 60.
- An upper end surface 83 facing the upper side of the reference axis O in the inner ring 81 is a plane shape orthogonal to the reference axis O.
- the upper end surface 83 of the inner ring 81 is in contact with the lower end surface 33 of the knuckle arm 30 over the entire circumferential direction.
- a lower end surface 84 of the inner ring 81 facing the lower side of the reference axis O is a flat surface orthogonal to the reference axis O.
- the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 81 is a sliding contact outer peripheral surface 85 having a spherical shape.
- the outer ring 86 has a cylindrical shape surrounding the inner ring 81 from the outer peripheral side.
- the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 86 is a sliding contact inner peripheral surface 87 that is recessed in a spherical shape corresponding to the sliding contact outer peripheral surface 85 of the inner ring 81.
- the slidable inner peripheral surface 87 of the outer ring 86 is in contact with the slidable outer peripheral surface 85 of the inner ring 81 so as to be slidable in any direction depending on the shape of these spherical surfaces.
- the outer peripheral surface 88 of the outer ring 86 has a cylindrical surface shape.
- An outer peripheral surface 88 of the outer ring 86 is fitted into an inner peripheral surface of the through hole 74 of the suspension arm 70.
- a snap ring (not shown) is incorporated in the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 74. The snap ring is in contact with the lower end surface of the outer ring 86 from below so that the outer ring 86 does not fall.
- the outer ring 86 is integrally fixed to the suspension arm 70.
- the inner ring 81 and the outer ring 86 are integrated with each other. An axial load in the direction of the reference axis O and a radial load in the radial direction of the king pin 60 are applied to the outer ring 86 from the inner ring 81.
- the holding mechanism 100 is provided below the king pin 60, and holds the suspension arm 70 from below.
- the holding mechanism 100 maintains a state in which the king pin 60 is inserted through the through hole 74 of the suspension arm 70. That is, the holding mechanism 100 prevents the suspension arm 70 from falling off the king pin 60.
- the holding mechanism 100 supports the spherical bearing 80 from below.
- the holding mechanism 100 indirectly supports the suspension arm 70 to which the spherical bearing 80 is integrally fixed. That is, the holding mechanism 100 supports the suspension arm 70 via the spherical bearing 80.
- the holding mechanism 100 includes a snap ring 110 (ring, locking member), a bolt 120 (fastening member), a holder body 130, and an annular stopper 140.
- the holder main body 130 and the annular stopper 140 constitute a holder 125.
- the snap ring 110 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 below the spherical bearing 80 and above the lower end 63 of the king pin 60.
- the snap ring 110 has a ring shape that protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 and extends annularly in the circumferential direction of the king pin 60.
- the snap ring 110 has a C-shape in which circumferential ends are separated from each other by parting the circumferential direction.
- the snap ring 110 is made of a material such as metal having elasticity or flexibility.
- the snap ring 110 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 62 of the kingpin 60 at the location where the snap ring 110 is disposed, and is recessed radially inward from the outer peripheral surface 62 of the kingpin 60.
- a groove 62a is formed.
- the groove 62a has a circular shape centered on the reference axis O. Only the radially inner portion of the snap ring 110 is fixed to the king pin 60 by being fitted into the groove 62a from the radially outer side. Only the radially outer portion of the snap ring 110 protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60.
- the snap ring 110 is detachable from the king pin 60 from the outside in the radial direction by being bent and expanded in diameter so that a pair of C-shaped end portions are separated from each other.
- the bolt 120 is attached to the lower end 63 of the king pin 60.
- the bolt 120 has a shaft part 121 and a head part 122.
- the shaft 121 has a cylindrical shape, and a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface.
- the head portion 122 is integrally provided at one end of the shaft portion 121 and has an outer diameter larger than that of the shaft portion 121.
- a bolt mounting hole 63 a that is recessed from the lower end toward the upper side of the reference axis O is formed at the lower end 63 of the king pin 60.
- a female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the bolt mounting hole 63a.
- the bolt 120 is integrally provided at the lower end 63 of the king pin 60 by fastening the shaft portion 121 to the bolt mounting hole 63 a of the king pin 60.
- FIG. 5 only one bolt 120 and bolt mounting hole 63a are shown, but a plurality of bolt mounting holes 63a are provided around the reference axis O, and a plurality of bolt mounting holes 63a are provided corresponding to the plurality of bolt mounting holes 63a.
- the bolt 120 may be provided.
- the holder main body 130 is attached to the lower end 63 of the king pin 60 with bolts 120.
- the holder main body 130 has a plate shape extending in a direction perpendicular to the reference axis O, and in the present embodiment, has a disk shape centered on the reference axis O.
- the holder main body 130 is formed with a bolt insertion hole 131 that penetrates in the direction along the reference axis O.
- the shaft portion 121 of the bolt 120 is inserted through the bolt insertion hole 131.
- a lower surface 132 which is a surface facing the lower side of the reference axis O in the holder main body 130, has a planar shape orthogonal to the reference axis O.
- the head 122 of the bolt 120 is in contact with the lower surface 132 of the holder main body 130 from below the reference axis O.
- the holder main body 130 is fixed to the lower end 63 of the king pin 60 via the bolt 120.
- an edge portion 133 that protrudes further downward from the reference main axis O and extends annularly around the reference axial line O is formed.
- An upper surface 134 which is a surface facing the upper side of the reference axis O in the holder main body 130, has a planar shape orthogonal to the reference axis O. That is, the upper surface 134 of the holder body 130 is disposed in parallel with the lower surface 132 of the holder body 130. The upper surface 134 of the holder body 130 faces the lower end 63 of the king pin 60. In the present embodiment, the upper surface 134 of the holder main body 130 is disposed below the reference axis O with respect to the lower end 63 of the king pin 60 via a gap.
- the outer diameter of the holder body 130 is set larger than the outer diameter of the king pin 60.
- the radially outer portion of the holder main body 130 protrudes outward in the radial direction of the king pin 60 from the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60. Therefore, the upper surface 134 of the holder main body 130 also projects from the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 to the outside in the radial direction of the king pin 60.
- the outer diameter of the upper surface 134 of the holder main body 130 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the snap ring 110.
- the annular stopper 140 has a cylindrical shape surrounding the king pin 60 from the outer peripheral side.
- the annular stopper 140 has a cylindrical shape with the reference axis O as the center.
- the annular stopper 140 is provided on a portion of the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 that is below the spherical bearing 80 and above the lower end 63 of the king pin 60.
- the annular stopper 140 is provided between the inner ring 81 of the spherical bearing 80 and the holder main body 130.
- a surface of the annular stopper 140 facing the lower side of the reference axis O is a lower end surface 141 having a planar shape perpendicular to the reference axis O.
- the lower end surface 141 of the annular stopper 140 has an annular shape centered on the reference axis O.
- the lower end surface 141 of the annular stopper 140 is in contact with the portion of the upper surface 134 of the holder main body 130 that protrudes outward in the radial direction from the upper side in the circumferential direction.
- a surface of the annular stopper 140 facing the upper side of the reference axis O is an upper end surface 142 having a planar shape perpendicular to the reference axis O.
- the upper end surface 142 and the lower end surface 141 of the annular stopper 140 are arranged in parallel to each other.
- the upper end surface 142 of the annular stopper 140 has an annular shape centered on the reference axis O.
- the upper end surface 142 of the annular stopper 140 is in contact with the lower end surface 84 of the inner ring 81 of the spherical bearing 80 from below in the circumferential direction.
- the outer diameter of the upper end surface 142 of the annular stopper 140 is set larger than the inner diameter of the inner ring 81 of the spherical bearing 80 (the inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 82).
- the annular stopper 140 is held so that the lower end surface 141 comes into contact with the holder main body 130 and the upper end surface 142 comes into contact with the inner ring 81 so as to be sandwiched between the holder main body 130 and the inner ring 81 from the reference axis O direction. That is, the annular stopper 140 is fixed by the fastening force of the bolt 120.
- the dimension of the gap between the lower end 63 of the king pin 60 and the upper surface 134 of the holder main body 130 is defined by the dimension of the annular stopper 140 in the reference axis O direction.
- the inner peripheral surface 143 of the annular stopper 140 has a circular shape with the reference axis O as the center. As shown in detail in FIG. 6, the inner peripheral surface 143 of the annular stopper 140 has a fitting inner peripheral surface 144, a first inner peripheral surface 145, and a second inner peripheral surface 146.
- the fitting inner peripheral surface 144 is an upper portion of the inner peripheral surface 143 of the annular stopper 140 and is connected to the upper end surface 142 of the annular stopper 140.
- the fitting inner circumferential surface 144 is fitted on the outer circumferential surface 62 of the king pin 60.
- the fitting inner peripheral surface 144 is preferably fitted to the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 with a clearance.
- the first inner peripheral surface 145 is a lower part of the inner peripheral surface 143 of the annular stopper 140 and is connected to the lower end surface 141 of the annular stopper 140.
- the inner diameter of the first inner peripheral surface 145 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the king pin 60 as shown in detail in FIG. Thereby, the first inner peripheral surface 145 defines a first space S ⁇ b> 1 that forms an annular shape around the reference axis O between the outer peripheral surface 62 of the kingpin 60.
- the inner diameter of the first inner peripheral surface 145 is set larger than the outer diameter of the snap ring 110.
- the first inner peripheral surface 145 extends from the lower end surface 141 of the annular stopper 140 to a portion above the reference axis O with respect to the snap ring 110. Thereby, the first space S ⁇ b> 1 defined by the first inner peripheral surface 145 opens below the annular stopper 140 and accommodates the snap ring 110.
- the second inner peripheral surface 146 is disposed below the fitting inner peripheral surface 144 and above the first inner peripheral surface 145. That is, the second inner peripheral surface 146 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the fitting inner peripheral surface 144 and the first inner peripheral surface 145 from the reference axis O direction.
- the inner diameter of the second inner peripheral surface 146 is set larger than the outer diameter of the king pin 60.
- the second inner peripheral surface 146 defines an annular second space S ⁇ b> 2 centered on the reference axis O with the outer peripheral surface 62 of the kingpin 60.
- the second space S2 is arranged so as to be continuous above the first space S1.
- the inner diameter of the second inner peripheral surface 146 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the snap ring 110 and smaller than the outer diameter of the first inner peripheral surface 145.
- a step surface 147 that intersects the first inner peripheral surface 145 and the second inner peripheral surface 146 is formed between the first inner peripheral surface 145 and the second inner peripheral surface 146.
- the step surface 147 has an annular shape around the reference axis O.
- the step surface 147 has a planar shape orthogonal to the reference axis O and faces downward.
- the position of the step surface 147 in the direction of the reference axis O is the same as or higher than the upper end of the snap ring 110. Therefore, normally, the snap ring 110 is not located in the second space S2, but is accommodated only in the first space S1 of the first space S1 and the second space S2.
- the inner diameter of the second inner peripheral surface 146 is larger than the inner diameter of the fitting inner peripheral surface 144. Accordingly, a supported surface 148 as a step portion is provided between the fitting inner peripheral surface 144 and the second inner peripheral surface 146 between the fitting inner peripheral surface 144 and the second inner peripheral surface 146. Is formed.
- the supported surface 148 has an annular shape centered on the reference axis O.
- the supported surface 148 has a planar shape orthogonal to the reference axis O and faces downward.
- the upper end of the second space S2 is closed by the supported surface 148.
- the supported surface 148 is opposed to a part of the upper end of the snap ring 110 from the upper side of the reference axis O in the circumferential direction.
- the difference D ⁇ b> 1 between the outer diameter of the snap ring 110 and the inner diameter of the first inner peripheral surface 145 is set to a value equal to or greater than the depth W of the groove 62 a of the king pin 60.
- the difference D2 between the outer diameter of the snap ring 110 and the inner diameter of the second inner peripheral surface 146 is set to be smaller than the depth W of the groove 62a of the king pin 60.
- the depth W of the groove part 62a means the distance from the outer peripheral surface 62 of the kingpin 60 to the bottom part (diameter direction inner edge part) of the groove part 62a.
- a load is repeatedly applied to the suspension device 40. Most of the load is received by the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3.
- a load including at least the weight of the suspension arm 70 is applied to the holding mechanism 100 that receives the load of the suspension arm 70 through the spherical bearing 80 at the lower end 63 of the king pin 60. As shown in FIG. 5, such a load is transmitted from the inner ring 81 of the spherical bearing 80 to the annular stopper 140 of the holding mechanism 100 that contacts the lower part of the inner ring 81.
- the load transmitted to the annular stopper 140 is transmitted to the holder main body 130 that contacts the lower side of the annular stopper 140.
- the holder main body 130 is fixed by the king pin 60 with the bolt 120. Therefore, the load applied to the holder main body 130 is received by the fastening force of the bolt 120 to the king pin 60.
- the annular stopper 140 even if it is a case where the volt
- the load of the suspension arm 70 applied to the annular stopper 140 via the spherical bearing 80 is also supported by the snap ring 110. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the annular stopper 140, the spherical bearing 80, and the suspension arm 70 from being detached from the king pin 60 and falling downward. Thereby, even if it is a case where the volt
- both the snap ring 110 and the supported surface 148 are annular in the circumferential direction, the snap ring 110 can receive the load from the supported surface 148 in a distributed manner in the circumferential direction. As a result, the load of the suspension arm 70 via the supported surface 148 can be reliably received by the snap ring 110.
- the supported surface 148 of the annular stopper 140 is spaced upward from the snap ring 110 via the first space S1. For this reason, since a load from above is not applied to the snap ring 110 at normal times, the snap ring 110 is not damaged or worn. Therefore, when the bolt 120 and the holder main body 130 are dropped, the load from the supported surface 148 of the annular stopper 140 can be appropriately supported. Thereby, traveling of the dump truck 1 can be further continued.
- the snap ring 110 can be easily attached when assembling the holding mechanism 100. That is, when the holding mechanism 100 is attached, the annular stopper 140 is fitted into the lower portion of the king pin 60 from below with the king pin 60 penetrating the spherical bearing 80 and the suspension arm 70 in the vertical direction. Next, the snap ring 110 is fitted into the outer peripheral surface 62 of the king pin 60 in the first space S ⁇ b> 1 between the king pin 60 and the annular stopper 140.
- the snap ring 110 can be easily attached to the king pin 60.
- the snap ring since the difference D1 between the outer diameter of the snap ring 110 and the inner diameter of the first inner peripheral surface 145 is not less than the depth W of the groove 62a, the snap ring can be easily snapped to the groove 62a. 110 can be attached. In addition, for example, when removing the snap ring 110 from the king pin 60 during maintenance, the snap ring 110 can be easily detached without applying an excessive load.
- the difference D2 between the outer diameter of the snap ring 110 and the inner diameter of the second inner peripheral surface 146 is set to be smaller than the depth W of the groove 62a. For this reason, even if the annular stopper 140 falls as described above and the snap ring 110 comes into contact with the supported surface 148 in the second space S2, the snap ring 110 is detached from the groove 62a. The diameter cannot be expanded to the extent. That is, there is no space for expanding the snap ring 110 in the second space S2. Thereby, even if an excessive load is applied to the snap ring 110 from above, it is possible to prevent the snap ring 110 from being detached from the groove 62a. Therefore, the load of the spherical bearing 80 and the suspension arm 70 can be more reliably received by the snap ring 110.
- the holding mechanism 200 of the suspension device 40A in the dump truck 1A of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it further includes a linear member 201 in addition to the holding mechanism 100 of the first embodiment. .
- a holder-side recess 202 that is recessed toward the lower side of the reference axis O is formed at the center of the upper surface 134 of the holder body 130.
- a holder-side convex portion 203 is formed at the bottom of the holder-side concave portion 202 so as to protrude toward the upper side of the reference axis O.
- a pin-side recess 204 that is recessed above the reference axis O is formed.
- a pin-side convex portion 205 is formed at the bottom of the pin-side concave portion 204 so as to protrude toward the lower side of the reference axis O.
- the linear member 201 is a linear member such as a string, a chain, or a wire.
- One end of the linear member 201 is fixed to the pin-side convex portion 205, and the other end is fixed to the holder-side convex portion 203.
- the linear member 201 is housed in a relaxed state in the housing space at normal times.
- the relaxed state means a state in which the linear member 201 is relaxed without applying tension in the extending direction.
- one end of the linear member 201 may be fixed at any location on the kingpin 60 side and the side away from the holder main body 130.
- the other end of the linear member 201 should just be fixed in the some place on the holder main body 130 side.
- the holder main body 130 is suspended from the king pin 60 via the linear member 201. That is, the linear member 201 that has been in a relaxed state at the normal time falls together with the holder main body 130, and finally becomes a suspended state in which tension is applied according to the weight of the holder main body 130. Thereby, the operator can recognize from the surroundings the state in which the holder main body 130 is dropped without looking into the kingpin 60 from below. That is, since the drop of the bolt 120 and the holder main body 130 can be easily recognized by visual inspection, the maintainability can be improved.
- a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the suspension device 40B in the dump truck 1B of the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the king pin 300 and the holding mechanism 100.
- the king pin 300 has a convex portion 301 protruding from the lower end to the lower side of the reference axis O at the lower end of the cylindrical king pin main body 61.
- the convex portion 301 has a cylindrical shape with the reference axis O as the center.
- the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface 302 of the convex portion 301 is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the kingpin main body 61.
- the holding mechanism 100 includes a retaining ring 310, a bolt 120, and a holder 320.
- the retaining ring 310 is an annular member centered on the reference axis O, and is provided on the outer peripheral surface 302 of the convex portion 301 of the kingpin 300.
- an annular recess 303 is formed on the outer peripheral surface 302 of the convex portion 301, which is recessed from the outer peripheral surface and extends annularly around the reference axis O.
- the retaining ring 310 is integrally fixed to a convex portion 301 whose inner peripheral side portion is fitted into the annular concave portion 303.
- the retaining ring 310 may be a C-shaped retaining ring having a C shape like the snap ring 110 of the first embodiment, or may be another shape such as an E-shaped retaining ring. In a state where the retaining ring 310 is attached to the outer peripheral surface 302 of the convex portion 301, the retaining ring 310 protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 302 of the convex portion 301.
- the holder 320 has a holder main body 321.
- the holder main body 321 further has a hole 322 in addition to the configuration of the holder main body 130 of the first embodiment.
- the hole 322 is formed so as to penetrate the holder main body 130 along the reference axis O.
- the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the reference axis O of the inner peripheral surface 323 of the hole 322 is a circle centered on the reference axis O.
- the convex portion 301 of the king pin 300 is inserted from above. That is, the inner diameter of the hole 322 is larger than the outer diameter of the convex portion 301 of the king pin 300.
- the inner peripheral surface 323 of the hole 322 has a lower inner peripheral surface 325 and an upper inner peripheral surface 324.
- the lower inner peripheral surface 325 is located at a lower portion of the hole 322 and opens on the lower surface 132 of the holder main body 321.
- the inner diameter of the lower inner peripheral surface 325 is set larger than the outer diameter of the retaining ring 310.
- the upper inner peripheral surface 324 is located on the upper part of the hole 322 and opens on the upper surface 134 of the holder main body 130.
- the inner diameter of the upper inner peripheral surface 324 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the convex portion 301 of the king pin 300 and smaller than the inner diameter of the retaining ring 310.
- a step portion between the lower inner peripheral surface 325 and the upper inner peripheral surface 324 is a supported surface 326.
- the supported surface 326 is formed so as to project radially inward from the lower inner peripheral surface 325.
- the supported surface 326 forms an annular shape around the reference axis O and faces downward.
- the supported surface 326 is inclined inward in the radial direction toward the upper side of the reference axis O.
- the supported surface 326 is a tapered surface that decreases in diameter toward the upper side of the reference axis O.
- the upper inner peripheral surface 324 of the hole 322 is located above the reference axis O with respect to the retaining ring 310.
- the supported surface 326 is spaced apart from the retaining ring 310 above the reference axis O via a space.
- the supported surface 326 faces the retaining ring 310 from above in the circumferential direction.
- the supported surface 326 of the holder body 321 that is opposed to the upper side of the retaining ring 310 at normal times contacts the retaining ring 310 from above. . That is, the fall of the holder main body 321 is avoided by the supported surface 326 being supported by the retaining ring 310 from below. Thereby, it is possible to avoid that the spherical bearing 80 and the suspension arm 70 are detached from the king pin 300 and fall downward. Therefore, even if the bolt 120 falls, the traveling of the dump truck 1 can be continued.
- the retaining ring 310 and the supported surface 326 are separated from each other in the direction of the reference axis O, so that no load is applied to the retaining ring 310 from above the reference axis O. Therefore, damage such as damage and wear does not occur in the retaining ring 310 at normal times. Thereby, when the bolt 120 falls, the load from the supported surface 326 of the holder main body 321 can be appropriately supported.
- a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the king pin 60 is directly connected to the lower end of the suspension cylinder 41.
- An inner peripheral surface 52 of the base 51 of the spindle 50 is fitted on the king pin 60, and the spindle 50 is rotatable around the reference axis O.
- a holding mechanism 100 similar to that of the first embodiment is provided at the lower end 63 of the king pin 60.
- the upper end surface 142 of the annular stopper 140 of the holding mechanism 100 is in contact with the lower end surface 53 of the base portion 51 of the spindle 50.
- the holding mechanism 100 supports the load of the spindle 50 from below, that is, the spindle 50 is prevented from dropping.
- the annular stopper 140 with the supported surface 148 supported by the snap ring 110 supports the load of the spindle 50 from below. . Therefore, the spindle 50 can be prevented from dropping with respect to the king pin 60. Thereby, the continuous driving
- the bolt 120 as a fastening member was employ
- the fastening member is preferably capable of detachably fixing the holder main body 130 to the king pin. This can improve maintainability.
- ring-shaped members may be employed as the ring.
- a ring formed integrally with the king pin 60 may be adopted. Also in this manner, as in the embodiment, the supported surfaces 148 and 326 abut against the ring, so that the spherical bearing 80 and the suspension arm 70 can be prevented from falling off.
- a plurality of pins such as knock pins protruding from the outer peripheral surfaces 62, 302 of the king pins 60, 300 may be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. That is, instead of the snap ring 110 and the retaining ring 310, a locking member that protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the king pins 60, 300 and is disposed in the circumferential direction of the king pins 60, 300 may be employed. Similarly to the embodiment, the supported surfaces 148 and 326 come into contact with the locking member, so that the spherical bearing 80 and the suspension arm 70 can be prevented from falling off.
- a configuration in which the suspension arm 70 and the king pin 60 are directly connected without using the spherical bearing 80 and the holding mechanism 100 directly supports the suspension arm 70 may be employed.
- the suspension arm 70 and the king pin 60 may be rotatably connected via a bearing other than the spherical bearing 80.
- the spindle 50 may be connected to a structure other than the suspension cylinder 41 in the suspension device 40.
- the king pin 60 is connected to the suspension cylinder 41 via the spindle 50 and the knuckle arm 30 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the king pin 60 may be directly connected to the suspension cylinder 41 or may be connected via another structure.
- circular ring 141 lower end surface, 142 ... upper end surface, 143 ... inner peripheral surface, 144 ... fitting inner peripheral surface, 145 ... first inner peripheral surface, 146 ... second inner peripheral surface, 147 ... stepped surface, 148 ... Supported surface, 200 ... Holding mechanism, 201 ... Linear member, 202 ... Holder side concave portion, 203 ... Holder side convex portion, 204 ... Pin side concave portion, 205 ... Pin side convex portion, 300 ... King pin, 301 ... Protruded portion, 302 ... outer peripheral surface, 303 ... annular recess, 305 ... holding mechanism, 310 ... retaining ring (ring, locking member), 320 ...
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明はこのような課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、耐久性を向上させることできるダンプトラックを提供することを目的とする。
以下、本発明に係るダンプトラックの第一実施形態について、図1~図8を参照して詳細に説明する。
以下では、車体4の前後方向、前方、後方及び幅方向を単に「前後方向」、「前方」、「後方」及び「車幅方向」と称する場合がある。車幅方向の中心に向かう方向を「車幅方向内側」と称し、車幅方向の中心から右側又は左側に向かう方向を「車幅方向外側」と称する場合がある。また、ダンプトラック1が水平面に配置されている際の該ダンプトラック1の上下方向、上方及び下方を単に「上下方向」、「上方」、「下方」と称する場合がある。
車体4は、車幅方向に離間してそれぞれ一対が設けられた前輪2及び後輪3によって走行可能に支持されている。車体4はキャブ5、ベッセル6及び車体フレーム10を備えている。
キャブ5は、車体4の前部に設けられている。キャブ5には、ダンプトラック1の運転者の操縦席が設けられている。運転者は操縦席の操舵ハンドルを操舵することでダンプトラック1の進行方向を変化させる。
車体フレーム10は、キャブ5及びベッセル6を下方から支持している。車体フレーム10は、図2及び図3に示すように、ロアサイドメンバ11、ロアクロスメンバ12、バーチカルメンバ13及びアッパークロスメンバ14を有している。なお、図2における符号F及びRは前後方向を示しており、Fが前方、Rが後方を示している。
図2及び図3に示すように、ロアクロスメンバ12は、一対のロアサイドメンバ11における前輪2の近傍で、所定の前後方向位置で車幅方向に延びており、これら一対のロアサイドメンバ11を車幅方向に接続している。
アッパークロスメンバ14は、一対のバーチカルメンバ13の上端同士を接続するように車幅方向に延びている。アッパークロスメンバ14は、ロアクロスメンバ12の上方で該ロアクロスメンバ12と平行に設けられている。
一対のロアクロスメンバ12、バーチカルメンバ13、及びアッパークロスメンバ14は、互いに同一の前後方向位置に設けられている。
なお、一対のロアサイドメンバ11の上方には、これらロアサイドメンバ11と対応して前後方向に延びる一対のアッパーサイドメンバ(図示省略)が設けられている。
操舵装置20は、図2に示すように、センターレバー21、タイロッド22、ステアリングシリンダ23及びナックルアーム30を有している。
センターレバー21は、車体フレーム10におけるロアクロスメンバ12の車幅方向中央に、上下方向に延びる軸線回りに回動可能に連結されている。センターレバー21は、当該連結箇所から後方に延びている。
<懸架装置>
懸架装置40は、車幅方向に離間して一対が設けられている。懸架装置40は、図3に示すように、サスペンションシリンダ41、スピンドル50、キングピン60、サスペンションアーム70、球面軸受80、及び保持機構100を備えている。
サスペンションシリンダ41は、緩衝装置であって、上下方向に延びるように設けられている。本実施形態では、サスペンションシリンダ41は、下方に向かうに従って車幅方向外側に向かって延びる基準軸線Oに沿って配置されている。サスペンションシリンダ41は、カバー42及びシリンダ44を有する。
スピンドル50は、図2~図4に示すように、基部51及び軸部54を有する。
基部51は、詳しくは図4に示すように、基準軸線O回りに回動可能に設けられている。本実施形態では、基部51はサスペンションシリンダ41に設けられている。基部51は、基準軸線Oを中心とした筒状をなしている。基部51の内周面52は、基準軸線Oに直交する断面形状が、当該基準軸線Oを中心とした円形をなしている。基部51は、シリンダ44の外周面の下端側の部分に対して該基部51の内周面52が外嵌されている。基部51はシリンダ44に対して図示しないボルトによって固定されていることで、シリンダ44に一体に固定されている。基部51がシリンダ44に固定された状態では、基部51の下端面53はサスペンションシリンダ41の下端となるシリンダ44の下端面44aよりも基準軸線Oの下方側に位置している。基部51の下端面53は、基準軸線Oを囲う環状をなすとともに、基準軸線Oに直交する平面状をなしている。
図4に示すように、キングピン60は、基準軸線Oを中心として延びる円柱状をなすキングピン本体61を有している。本実施形態では、キングピン60とキングピン本体61とは同一の構成のため、以下ではキングピン本体61を単に「キングピン60」と称して説明する。キングピン60は、サスペンションシリンダ41の下端に連結されている。キングピン60は、サスペンションシリンダ41の下端からさらに基準軸線Oの下方側に向かって突出するように延びている。本実施形態では、キングピン60は、サスペンションシリンダ41と直接的に連結はされておらず、スピンドル50及びナックルアーム30を介してサスペンションシリンダ41と間接的に連結されている。キングピン60のサスペンションシリンダ41に対する相対位置は、スピンドル50とナックルアーム30とによって定められている。
サスペンションアーム70は、いわゆるAフレームである。サスペンションアーム70は、図2及び図3に示すように、車体フレーム10の下部に揺動可能に連結されており、該車体フレーム10の下部から車幅方向外側にキングピン60と連結されている。サスペンションアーム70は、図2に示すように、前側アーム部71、後側アーム部72及びアーム連結部73を有する。
図4に示すように、球面軸受80は、キングピン60の外周面62と該キングピン60が挿通するサスペンションアーム70の貫通孔74の内周面との間に設けられている。球面軸受80は、キングピン60とサスペンションアーム70との相対回転を許容する。球面軸受80は、内輪81及び外輪86を有している。
内輪81における基準軸線Oの下方側を向く下端面84は、基準軸線Oに直交する平面状とされている。内輪81の外周面は、球面状をなす摺接外周面85とされている。
内輪81及び外輪86は互いに一体とされている。外輪86に対しては内輪81から基準軸線O方向のアキシャル荷重やキングピン60の径方向のラジアル荷重が付与される。
次に保持機構100について説明する。保持機構100はキングピン60の下部に設けられており、サスペンションアーム70を下方から保持している。保持機構100は、キングピン60がサスペンションアーム70の貫通孔74を挿通している状態を維持している。即ち、保持機構100は、キングピン60に対するサスペンションアーム70の脱落を防止している。
スナップリング110は、キングピン60の外周面62における球面軸受80よりも下方側の部分であって、該キングピン60の下端63よりも上方の部分に設けられている。スナップリング110は、キングピン60の外周面62から径方向外側に突出するとともに該キングピン60の周方向に環状に延びるリング状をなしている。スナップリング110は、周方向の一部が分断されることで周方向の端部同士が互いに対向するC字状をなしている。スナップリング110は、弾性又は可撓性を有する金属等の材料から形成されている。
図5に示すようにボルト120は、キングピン60の下端63に取り付けられている。ボルト120は、軸部121及び頭部122を有する。軸部121は、円柱状をなしており、外周面には雄ネジが形成されている。頭部122は軸部121の一端に一体に設けられており、軸部121よりも外径が大きく形成されている。
ホルダ本体130は、図5に示すように、キングピン60の下端63にボルト120によって取り付けられている。ホルダ本体130は、基準軸線Oに直交する方向に延びる板状をなしており、本実施形態では、基準軸線Oを中心とした円盤状をなしている。
環状ストッパ140は、図5に示すように、キングピン60を外周側から囲う筒状をなしている。環状ストッパ140は、基準軸線Oを中心とした円筒状をなしている。環状ストッパ140は、キングピン60の外周面62における球面軸受80よりも下方側の部分であって該キングピン60の下端63よりも上方の部分に設けられている。環状ストッパ140は、球面軸受80の内輪81とホルダ本体130との間に設けられている。
ダンプトラック1では、車体4と前輪2との間に設けられた懸架装置40を介して車体4の重量が支持されている。ダンプトラック1の走行時には、前輪2が接触する路面から車体4に伝達される衝撃がサスペンションシリンダ41によって緩和される。
即ち、ボルト120及びホルダ本体130が脱落する際には、これと同時に環状ストッパ140も当初の位置から落下する。その結果、図7及び図8に示すように、環状ストッパ140の内側の第二空間S2内にスナップリング110が収容される。そして、通常時にはスナップリング110の上方に対向配置されている環状ストッパ140の被支持面148が、スナップリング110に対して上方から当接する。即ち、環状ストッパ140の脱落は、該環状ストッパ140がスナップリング110に下方から支持されることによって回避される。
次に本発明の第二実施形態について図9を参照して説明する。第二実施形態では第一実施形態と同様の構成要素には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
第二実施形態のダンプトラック1Aにおける懸架装置40Aの保持機構200は、第一実施形態の保持機構100に加えて線状部材201をさらに有している点で、該第一実施形態と相違する。
なお、線状部材201の一端は、キングピン60側及びホルダ本体130と離脱する側のいずれかの場所に固定されていればよい。また、線状部材201の他端は、ホルダ本体130側のいずれかの場所に固定されていればよい。
次に本発明の第三実施形態について図10及び図11を参照して説明する。第三実施形態では第一実施形態と同様の構成要素には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
第三実施形態のダンプトラック1Bにおける懸架装置40Bは、キングピン300及び保持機構100の構成が第一実施形態と相違する。
止め輪310は、基準軸線Oを中心とした環状の部材であって、キングピン300の凸部301の外周面302に設けられている。本実施形態では、凸部301の外周面302には、該外周面から凹むとともに基準軸線Oを中心として環状に延びる環状凹部303が形成されている。止め輪310は、内周側の部分が当該環状凹部303に嵌まり込む凸部301に一体に固定されている。止め輪310は、第一実施形態のスナップリング110と同様にC字状をなすC形止め輪であってもよいし、E形止め輪等、他の形状をなすものであってもよい。止め輪310が凸部301の外周面302に取り付けられた状態では、止め輪310は凸部301の外周面302から径方向外側に突出している。
ホルダ320は、ホルダ本体321を有している。ホルダ本体321は、第一実施形態のホルダ本体130の構成に加えてさらに孔部322を有している。孔部322は、ホルダ本体130を基準軸線Oに沿って貫通するように形成されている。孔部322の内周面323の基準軸線Oに直交する断面形状は、当該基準軸線Oを中心とした円形をなしている。当該孔部322内には、キングピン300の凸部301が上方から挿入されている。即ち、孔部322の内径は、キングピン300の凸部301の外径よりも大きい。
下部内周面325は、孔部322の下方側の部分に位置しており、ホルダ本体321の下面132に開口している。下部内周面325の内径は、止め輪310の外径よりも大きく設定されている。
上部内周面324は、孔部322の上方側の部分に位置しており、ホルダ本体130の上面134に開口している。上部内周面324の内径は、キングピン300の凸部301の外径よりも大きく、止め輪310の内径よりも小さく設定されている。
これにより、球面軸受80及びサスペンションアーム70がキングピン300から外れて下方に落下してしまうことを回避できる。したがって、ボルト120が落下した場合であっても、ダンプトラック1の走行を継続することができる。
次に本発明の第四実施形態について図12を参照して説明する。第三実施形態では第一実施形態と同様の構成要素には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
第四実施形態のダンプトラック1Cの懸架装置40Cは、サスペンションシリンダ41の下端にキングピン60が直接的に連結されている。キングピン60には、スピンドル50の基部51の内周面52が外嵌されており、該スピンドル50は基準軸線O周りに回動可能とされている。
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されることなく、その発明の技術的思想を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能である。
140…環状ストッパ、141…下端面、142…上端面、143…内周面、144…嵌合内周面、145…第一内周面、146…第二内周面、147…段差面、148…被支持面、200…保持機構、201…線状部材、202…ホルダ側凹部、203…ホルダ側凸部、204…ピン側凹部、205…ピン側凸部、300…キングピン、301…凸部、302…外周面、303…環状凹部、305…保持機構、310…止め輪(リング、係止部材)、320…ホルダ、321…ホルダ本体、322…孔部、323…内周面、324…上部内周面、325…下部内周面、326…被支持面、R…運搬対象物、O…基準軸線、D1…スナップリングの外径と第一内周面の内径との差分、D2…ナップリングの外径と第二内周面の内径との差分、W…溝部の深さ、S1…第一空間、S2…第二空間
Claims (9)
- 車体フレームと、
車輪と、
前記車体フレームに前記車輪を支持する懸架装置と、を備え、
該懸架装置は、
前記車体フレームの上部に揺動可能に連結されたサスペンションシリンダと、
該サスペンションシリンダの下端に連結されて、該サスペンションシリンダからさらに下方に向かって延びるキングピンと、
前記車体フレームの下部に揺動可能に連結されて、前記キングピンが上下方向に挿通している貫通孔を有するサスペンションアームと、
前記キングピンの下部に設けられて、前記サスペンションアームを下方から保持する保持機構と、
を有し、
前記保持機構は、
前記キングピンの外周面から突出して、該キングピンの周方向に配置された係止部材と、
前記キングピンの下端に取り付けられた締結部材と、
前記締結部材によって前記キングピンに固定され、前記係止部材に対して周方向にわたって上方から対向する被支持面を有するホルダと、
を有するダンプトラック。 - 前記被支持面は、前記係止部材に対して空間を介して上方に離間している請求項1に記載のダンプトラック。
- 前記ホルダは、
前記締結部材によって前記キングピンの下端に取り付けられるとともに、該キングピンの径方向外側に張り出す上面を有するホルダ本体と、
前記キングピンを外周側から囲う筒状をなすとともに、前記ホルダ本体の上面に当接する下端面、前記サスペンションアームを下方から支持する上端面、及び、前記被支持面を有する環状ストッパと、
有する請求項1又は2に記載のダンプトラック。 - 前記環状ストッパは、
前記キングピンの外周面との間に、環状ストッパの下方に開口して前記係止部材を収容している第一空間を画成する第一内周面と、
前記キングピンの外周面との間に、前記第一空間の上方側に連続するとともに上端が前記被支持面によって閉塞された第二空間を画成する第二内周面と、
を有し、
前記第二内周面の内径は、前記係止部材が形成する外径よりも大きく、かつ、前記第一内周面の内径よりも小さい請求項3に記載のダンプトラック。 - 前記キングピンの外周面に、径方向内側に凹んで周方向にわたって延びる溝部が形成されており、
前記係止部材は、周方向に延びる環状をなすリングであって、
該リングは、径方向内側の一部が前記溝部に嵌まり込むことで前記キングピンに固定されており、
前記リングの外径と前記第一内周面の内径との差分が、前記溝部の深さの寸法以上であって、
前記リングの外径と前記第二内周面の内径との差分が、前記溝部の深さの寸法よりも小さい請求項4に記載のダンプトラック。 - 一端が前記キングピンに連結されて他端が前記ホルダ本体に連結されているとともに、前記キングピンと前記ホルダ本体との間に弛緩状態で収容された線状部材をさらに備える請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載のダンプトラック。
- 前記キングピンは、
前記サスペンションシリンダの下端に連結されたピン本体と、前記ピン本体の外径よりも小さい外径を有して、該ピン本体の下端から下方に突出する凸部と、
を有し、
前記係止部材は、前記凸部の外周面に設けられており、
前記ホルダは、前記凸部が入り込む孔部を有し、
前記被支持面は、前記孔部の内周面から径方向内側に張り出すように形成されている請求項1又は2に記載のダンプトラック。 - 前記キングピンの外周面と前記サスペンションアームの貫通孔の内周面との間に設けられて、前記キングピンと前記サスペンションアームとの相対回転を許容する球面軸受をさらに備え、
前記ホルダは、前記球面軸受を下方から支持することで該球面軸受を介して前記サスペンションアームを支持している請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のダンプトラック。 - 車体フレームと、
車輪と、
前記車体フレームに前記車輪を支持する懸架装置と、を備え、
該懸架装置は、
前記車体フレームの上部に揺動可能に連結されたサスペンションシリンダと、
該サスペンションシリンダの下端に連結されて、該サスペンションシリンダからさらに下方に向かって延びるキングピンと、
前記車輪を支持するとともに前記キングピンが上下方向に挿通する貫通孔を有するスピンドルと、
前記キングピンの下部に設けられて、前記スピンドルを下方から支持する保持機構と、
を備え、
前記保持機構は、
前記キングピンの外周面から突出して、該キングピンの周方向に環状に延びるリングと、
前記キングピンの下端に取り付けられた締結部材と、
前記締結部材によって前記キングピンに固定され、前記リングに対して周方向にわたって上方から対向する被支持面を有するホルダと、
を有するダンプトラック。
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US20180370564A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
JPWO2017213271A1 (ja) | 2018-06-14 |
CA2981674A1 (en) | 2018-02-05 |
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