WO2017202316A1 - Double-antipode permanent magnet synchronous motor and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Double-antipode permanent magnet synchronous motor and electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017202316A1
WO2017202316A1 PCT/CN2017/085588 CN2017085588W WO2017202316A1 WO 2017202316 A1 WO2017202316 A1 WO 2017202316A1 CN 2017085588 W CN2017085588 W CN 2017085588W WO 2017202316 A1 WO2017202316 A1 WO 2017202316A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic steel
permanent magnet
magnet synchronous
synchronous motor
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/085588
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马冰青
吴施汛
齐文明
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201610368572.4A external-priority patent/CN107437879A/en
Priority claimed from CN201620505066.0U external-priority patent/CN206077183U/en
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2017202316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017202316A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric machines, and in particular to a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor and an electric vehicle having the same.
  • a motor mainly includes a housing, a stator assembly, and a rotor assembly.
  • the outer casing includes a cylinder having an opening at the front end, a stator assembly is disposed in the outer casing, the stator assembly includes a stator core and a core winding, and the rotor assembly includes a rotating shaft, a permanent magnet and a rotor core;
  • the core is set on the rotating shaft, and the rotor core is uniformly provided with a plurality of permanent magnets on the outer circumference;
  • the front end of the outer casing is provided with an end surface, and the upper end of the outer casing is provided with a junction box to supply power to the winding.
  • the present invention provides a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor including a housing, a motor rotor and a motor stator mounted in the housing, the motor rotor including a rotor iron made of an amorphous alloy material a core having two pairs of poles, the motor stator comprising a stator core made of a silicon steel material.
  • the invention also provides an electric vehicle comprising a drive motor, which is a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the invention.
  • the two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the invention can provide a large power output in a small size, and is particularly suitable for a driving motor that operates at an ultra-high speed.
  • FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rotor of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic steel trough provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein in order to clearly show the angle, the angle is enlarged by several times when other features are unchanged;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • orientation words such as “up, down, left, and right” are generally defined on the basis of the drawing direction of the drawing, and the "inside and outside” means correspondingly. Inside and outside of the contour of the part.
  • the present invention provides at least an electric motor rotor punch, an electric motor rotor 300, an electric motor 1000, and an electric vehicle 2000.
  • the motor 1000 can be a two-pole motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, or a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • the motor 1000 of the present invention can also be other types of motors known in the art, such as an asynchronous motor or the like.
  • an ultra-high speed motor that is, a motor having a rotational speed of more than 20,000 rpm (revolutions per minute)
  • the various motors 1000 mentioned in the present invention are also particularly suitable for use in a drive motor of an electric vehicle.
  • two-pole and “permanent magnet synchronization” as used in the present invention are terms well known in the art.
  • two pairs of poles mean that two pairs of magnetic poles are disposed on the rotor of the motor.
  • the motor speed is high, especially when the motor 1000 in the present invention is an ultra-high speed motor, the higher the alternating frequency of the magnetic field, the more heat generated by the motor 1000, the cooling system The higher the requirement, the higher the iron consumption of the motor 1000. Therefore, the two-pole motor is suitable for use in drive motors that operate at very high speeds.
  • three pairs of poles or four pairs of poles may also be used.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor is also suitable for use in the drive motor of the electric vehicle 2000.
  • it may include the advantages of high efficiency, high power factor, small volume, light weight, and low temperature rise.
  • the motor efficiency can be greatly improved.
  • the motor 1000 when starting, has a sufficiently large starting torque and does not require a large starting current, and is suitable for being carried by a power battery. Dynamic drive motor.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor has high efficiency, the resistance loss in the rotor winding is low, and there is little or no reactive current in the stator winding, so that the temperature rise of the motor 1000 is low, and the service life of the motor 1000 can also be prolonged.
  • the advantages brought by other permanent magnet synchronous motors are not described too much.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor has a simple structure, which makes the permanent magnet synchronous motor processing and distribution cost less, and the operation is more reliable.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor uses the rare earth permanent magnet to increase the air gap magnetic density and raise the motor speed to The best, which significantly reduces the size of the motor, improves the power to mass ratio; in addition, because the excitation copper consumption is saved, the motor efficiency is significantly improved.
  • the motor 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 400, a motor rotor 300 and a motor stator 500 mounted in the housing 400.
  • the motor stator 500 is fixedly disposed within the housing 400, and the motor rotor 300 is rotatably disposed at the center of the motor stator 500.
  • the motor rotor 300 includes a rotor core 310 formed by stacking a plurality of rotor blades, and a rotating shaft 320 coupled to the rotor core 310.
  • the center of rotation of the punch body 100 of the rotor core 310 is formed with a rotating shaft hole 101, and a pair of keys 102 for engaging with the rotating shaft 320 are symmetrically formed on the side wall of the rotating shaft hole 101, That is, the rotor core 310 and the rotating shaft 320 are in a key connection manner.
  • the rotor core 310 and the rotating shaft 320 may also be connected by other transmission connections known to those skilled in the art, for example, using a non-circular cross-section connection.
  • an oil hole 103 may be formed in the rotor punch to form a part of the rotor oil passage, and the lubricating oil may be cooled by circulating the lubricating oil in the rotor.
  • the housing 400 has an end cover 800 away from the power output end.
  • the end cover 800 may be formed with a bearing chamber.
  • the inner end of the rotating shaft 320 is installed in the bearing chamber through the deep groove ball bearing 600, and protrudes from the outer end of the housing 400. It can be used as a power output.
  • the junction box 700 on the housing 400 can be externally connected to a power source, for example, electrically connected to the power battery pack to be able to generate a magnetic field by supplying power to the winding 900, thereby enabling operation of the motor 1000.
  • an air gap is also provided between the motor rotor 300 and the motor stator 500 to enable the motor 1000 to operate normally.
  • the rotor blank provided includes a punching body 100, and the punching body 100 is formed with a magnetic steel groove 200 for magnetic steel insertion, that is, using magnetic steel as a permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet in the embodiment adopts an embedded mounting manner, which can effectively ensure the stability of the motor rotor 300 when it is rotated at an ultra-high speed, and is embedded compared to the surface-mounted permanent magnet mounting method.
  • the permanent magnet mounting method is more suitable for the motor rotor 300 that operates at an ultra-high speed.
  • the magnetic steel accommodated in the magnetic steel tank 200 tends to be deformed under the action of centrifugal force, that is, tensile stress is generated inside the magnetic steel, and at the same time, due to the magnetic steel groove 200
  • the resistance is subjected to compressive stress, and the tensile strength of the magnetic steel is much lower than its compressive strength.
  • the tensile strength is only 85 MPa, and the compressive strength can be above 1000 MPa.
  • the resulting tensile stress can affect the life of the magnetic steel.
  • the groove shape of the magnetic steel groove 200 is improved, and the manner may include converting the tensile stress received by the magnetic steel into a compressive stress.
  • the magnetic steel groove 200 has a straight groove section 201 along the surface direction of the punching body 100 and is located at The inclined section 202 on both sides of the straight groove section 201, the first side edge of the inclined section 202 away from the center of rotation of the punching body 100 is inclined outward from the end of the straight groove section 201.
  • the straight slot section 201 and the angled section 202 on either side of the straight slot section 201 together form a closed cross-sectional profile of the magnetic steel slot 200 at the surface of the die body 100.
  • the closed cross-sectional profile of the magnetic steel groove 200 at the surface of the punch body 100 is divided by a broken line into a straight groove segment 201 and a dip segment 202.
  • a buffer zone for generating a slight deformation can be provided for both ends of the magnetic steel in the magnetic steel groove 200, that is, when the motor rotor 300 is rotated, the magnetic steel is allowed.
  • a slight deformation in the magnetic steel tank 200 releases the tensile stress generated inside the magnetic steel, which in turn increases the life of the magnetic steel.
  • the punch body 100 in the present embodiment is made of an amorphous alloy material, that is, the rotor core 310 in the embodiment of the present invention is made of an amorphous alloy material.
  • the tensile strength of the characteristics of the amorphous alloy material is several tens of times that of the ordinary silicon steel material, so that the improvement of the magnetic steel groove 200 causes the strength sacrificed by the punch body 100 to be compensated by the material, and its strength is greatly increased. It is higher than the strength of the rotor sheet of the prior art silicon steel material, thereby ensuring both the life of the magnetic steel and the strength and life of the rotor core 310.
  • the rotor core 310 since the rotor core 310 is made of an amorphous alloy material, the rotor core 310 also has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, high electrical conductivity, small eddy current loss, and the like, and the motor is greatly improved. 1000 performance. Among them, it should be mentioned that the use of the amorphous alloy material to form the rotor core 310 not only can improve the rotor capacity, but also solve the key problem of how to achieve high power output through a small volume, and can make the electric vehicle 2000 field Drive motors have made great strides.
  • the inventor of the present invention has a design idea that the inventors have found that in the field of electric vehicles 2000, it is difficult to increase the volume of the motor 1000 due to the spatial layout, that is, it is difficult to increase the torque of the motor 1000.
  • the output can be increased by increasing the rotational speed in a case where the volume is constant. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have generated an incentive to use the motor 1000 of a small volume and a large number of revolutions as the drive motor of the electric vehicle 2000.
  • the inventors also considered that when the motor 1000 has reached an ultra-high speed of 20,000 rpm, it is limited by the yield strength of ordinary silicon steel sheets, and the designed motor 1000 volume will be too small. When the volume of the motor 1000 is too small, although the rotation speed is high, the torque outputted by the motor 1000 is directly affected, so that the requirements of the driving motor 1000 cannot be satisfied.
  • the inventors of the present application have used an amorphous alloy material to form the motor rotor 300 to solve the rotor outer
  • the problem of limited diameter is that the motor 1000 can be operated at an ultra-high speed while increasing the volume of the motor 1000 as much as possible to increase the torque and further increase the power of the motor 1000.
  • the motor 1000 provided by the present invention does not simply manufacture all components using an amorphous alloy material. Except for the cost factor, the present invention also finds that under the current process conditions, the width of the amorphous alloy strip is limited. If the amorphous alloy strip is also used as the motor stator 500, the produced motor 1000 is too small and affects the motor. 1000 power output.
  • the various motors 1000 provided by the embodiments of the present invention only make the rotor core 310 made of an amorphous alloy material, and the stator core can be made of a silicon steel material. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the structure in which the rotor core 310 is made of an amorphous alloy material and the stator core is made of the original silicon steel material is a result of comprehensive consideration of various factors, and the inventor needs a lot of creative labor.
  • the present invention skillfully uses an amorphous alloy material for the manufacture of the rotor core 310, which not only achieves the beneficial effect of improving the life of the magnetic steel during ultra-high speed operation, but also enables the designed motor 1000 to be small in size without passing.
  • Small that is, the manufacture of the rotor core 310 by using an amorphous alloy material also produces an unexpected technical effect, realizing a plurality of effects of one feature. Especially suitable for the requirements of high-power and small-volume drive motors, the performance of the drive motor has been greatly improved.
  • the two inclined angle segments 202 may be designed to be symmetrically disposed with respect to the central axis of the straight groove segment 201, that is, the two inclined angle segments 202.
  • the structure is basically the same.
  • the second side edge of the inclined section 202 close to the center of rotation of the punch body 100 is arranged in line with the straight groove section 201. That is, only the outer first side edge line of the inclined section 202 is inclined with respect to the straight groove section 201, thereby ensuring the small deformation of the magnetic steel at both ends outward under the centrifugal force, and better accommodating the magnetic steel.
  • the straight groove segment 201 may be designed to occupy 1/2 to 3/4 of the length of the magnetic steel accommodated in the magnetic steel groove 200 along the surface of the punching body 100.
  • the rotor magnetic pole there are a plurality of magnetic steel grooves 200, and the plurality of magnetic steel grooves 200 are formed with a magnetic steel groove group constituting a rotor magnetic pole, that is, a plurality of magnetic steel grooves 200 form a magnetic steel.
  • the groove group and the magnetic steel groove group constitute a rotor magnetic pole, and one of the magnetic steel groove groups can form a rotor magnetic pole.
  • the magnetic steel groove group includes a first symmetrically arranged first diameter with respect to the punch body 100 (as a example, the first diameter is a diameter in the vertical direction on the punch body 100, as shown in FIG.
  • the magnetic steel trough 210 and the second magnetic steel trough 220, the first magnetic steel trough 210 and the second magnetic steel trough 220 are arranged in a first V-shape that is open to the outside.
  • the magnetic steel of the present invention is arranged in a V-shaped configuration. Also for the smaller A larger magnetic field is generated in the size.
  • the magnetic steel groove group further includes a third magnetic steel groove 230 and a fourth magnetic steel groove 240 symmetrically arranged with respect to the first diameter, the third magnetic steel groove 230 and the first
  • the four magnetic steel grooves 240 are arranged in a second V shape that is open to the outside and are spaced apart from the radially inner side of the first magnetic steel groove 210 and the second magnetic steel groove 220. That is, one magnetic pole in the present invention may include four magnetic steels, thereby making full use of the space of the punching body 100, which is especially suitable for a small-sized driving motor.
  • the space is utilized reasonably, and optionally, the angle of the second V-shaped is smaller than the angle of the first V-shaped.
  • the outer magnetic steel can better utilize the space in the chord direction of the punch body 100, so that the inner magnetic steel can better utilize the space in the radial direction of the punch body 100, the layout is more reasonable, and the magnetic field is generated more effectively.
  • a plurality of magnetic steel groove groups are respectively configured to constitute a plurality of rotor magnetic poles, and the plurality of magnetic steel groove groups are evenly distributed and uniformly distributed on the punch body 100 in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic steel groove group is four to constitute two pairs of poles of the motor rotor 300.
  • a different number of sets of magnetic steel slots may be provided depending on the number of pole pairs.
  • the punching body 100 in order to ensure the strength of the punching body 100, is formed with oil holes 103 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the oil holes 103 are located between adjacent magnetic steel groove groups to be fully utilized.
  • the punch body 100 has a space, and the oil hole 103 is additionally provided to reduce the weight of the motor rotor 300 and reduce the moment of inertia of the motor rotor 300.
  • the center of rotation of the punching body 100 is formed with a rotating shaft hole 101, and a pair of keys 102 for engaging with the rotating shaft 320 are symmetrically formed on the side wall of the rotating shaft hole 101, and the key 102 is convex toward the center of the circle A pair of keys 102 are located on the first diameter. That is, the key 102 is a convex structure rather than a concave structure, thereby facilitating the torque transmission with the corresponding keyway on the rotating shaft 320.
  • reinforcing ribs are provided between the symmetrically arranged magnetic steel grooves 200 to enhance the strength of the punch body 100.
  • a magnetic bridge or a magnetic isolation hole is disposed between the magnetic steel groove 200 and the edge of the punch body 100.
  • the magnetic bridge can be as small as possible, which will reduce the magnetic flux leakage and increase the air gap magnetic density.
  • the magnetic isolation hole can improve the air gap magnetic density waveform, thereby improving the performance of the motor 1000.
  • the motor 1000 provided by the invention is more suitable for the driving motor of the electric vehicle 2000, wherein the iron loss is relatively low, the output power is improved, and the problem of large noise caused by the amorphous motor is avoided.
  • the structure of the motor stator 500 and the motor rotor 300 is redesigned to improve the strength of the structure of the motor rotor 300, and not only can be made into an ultra-high-speed motor, but also has excellent electromagnetic performance. Only the rotor core 310 uses an amorphous alloy, which reduces the processing difficulty and reduces the cost of the process.
  • the volume of the motor is not limited by the amorphous alloy material, so that it can exert greater torque and power.
  • the alternating frequency of the magnetic field is minimized, the iron loss is reduced, the heat dissipation is reduced, and the control of the motor 1000 is easily realized, so that the performance of the motor 1000 is significantly improved, and the performance of the electric vehicle 2000 is indirectly obtained. Greatly improved and more practical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

A double-antipode permanent magnet synchronous motor (1000) and an electric vehicle (2000). The double-antipode permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a housing (400), and comprises a motor rotor (300) and a motor stator (500) mounted in the housing. The motor rotor comprises a rotor core (310) made of an amorphous alloy material, and the rotor core has a double antipodes. The motor stator comprises a stator core made of a silicon steel material. The permanent magnet synchronous motor can provide a great power output by using a smaller size, and is particularly applicable to a driving motor running in an ultra-high speed in the electric vehicle.

Description

两对极永磁同步电机和电动汽车Two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor and electric car
优先权信息Priority information
本申请请求2016年5月27日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为201610368572.4和201620505066.0的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 201610368572.4 and No.
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电机领域，具体地，涉及一种两对极永磁同步电机以及具有该电机的电动汽车。The present invention relates to the field of electric machines, and in particular to a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor and an electric vehicle having the same.
背景技术Background technique
电机作为驱动装置广泛应用于各种领域中。近年来随着电动汽车的兴起，用于驱动车辆行驶的驱动电机的重要性不言而喻。其中，公知地，电机主要包括外壳、定子组件及转子组件。例如在一些现有技术中，外壳包括前端具有开口的筒体，外壳内设置有定子组件，定子组件包括定子铁芯及铁芯绕组，转子组件则包括转轴、永磁体及转子铁芯；转子铁芯套装于转轴之上，转子铁芯外周均布有多个永磁体；外壳的前端设置有端面，外壳上端设置有接线盒以为绕组供电。从而实现电机的旋转驱动功能。其中作为电动汽车的驱动电机通常要求动力大而体积小，如何解决这一矛盾也是本领域内待研究的重要课题。The motor is widely used in various fields as a drive unit. With the rise of electric vehicles in recent years, the importance of driving motors for driving vehicles is self-evident. Among them, it is known that a motor mainly includes a housing, a stator assembly, and a rotor assembly. For example, in some prior art, the outer casing includes a cylinder having an opening at the front end, a stator assembly is disposed in the outer casing, the stator assembly includes a stator core and a core winding, and the rotor assembly includes a rotating shaft, a permanent magnet and a rotor core; The core is set on the rotating shaft, and the rotor core is uniformly provided with a plurality of permanent magnets on the outer circumference; the front end of the outer casing is provided with an end surface, and the upper end of the outer casing is provided with a junction box to supply power to the winding. Thereby the rotary drive function of the motor is achieved. Among them, as a driving motor of an electric vehicle, power is required to be large and small, and how to solve this contradiction is also an important subject to be studied in the field.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种两对极永磁同步电机和具有该两对极永磁同步电机的电动汽车。It is an object of the present invention to provide a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor and an electric vehicle having the two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种两对极永磁同步电机，包括壳体、安装在所述壳体内的电机转子和电机定子，所述电机转子包括由非晶合金材料制成的转子铁芯，所述转子铁芯具有两对极，所述电机定子包括由硅钢材料制成的定子铁芯。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor including a housing, a motor rotor and a motor stator mounted in the housing, the motor rotor including a rotor iron made of an amorphous alloy material a core having two pairs of poles, the motor stator comprising a stator core made of a silicon steel material.
本发明还提供一种电动汽车，包括驱动电机，所述驱动电机为本发明提供的两对极永磁同步电机。The invention also provides an electric vehicle comprising a drive motor, which is a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the invention.
通过上述技术方案，本发明提供的两对极永磁同步电机能够以较小的尺寸提供较大的功率输出，尤其适用于超高速运行的驱动电机。Through the above technical solution, the two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the invention can provide a large power output in a small size, and is particularly suitable for a driving motor that operates at an ultra-high speed.
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。 Other features and advantages of the invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
附图说明DRAWINGS
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are intended to be a In the drawing:
图1是本发明具体实施方式提供的电机的第一视角立体图；1 is a first perspective view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明具体实施方式提供的电机的第二视角立体图；2 is a second perspective view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明具体实施方式提供的电机的分解示意图；3 is an exploded perspective view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明具体实施方式提供的电机转子冲片的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural view of a rotor of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明具体实施方式提供的磁钢槽的结构示意图，其中为了清楚显示夹角，在其他特征不变的情况下，该夹角被放大若干倍显示；5 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic steel trough provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein in order to clearly show the angle, the angle is enlarged by several times when other features are unchanged;
图6是本发明具体实施方式提供的电动汽车的结构简图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not restrictive.
在本发明中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、左、右”通常是以附图的图面方向为基准定义的，“内、外”是指相应部件轮廓的内和外。In the present invention, the orientation words such as "up, down, left, and right" are generally defined on the basis of the drawing direction of the drawing, and the "inside and outside" means correspondingly. Inside and outside of the contour of the part.
如图1至图6所示，本发明至少提供一种电机转子冲片、一种电机转子300、一种电机1000以及一种电动汽车2000。其中电机1000可以为两对极电机、永磁同步电机、或两对极永磁同步电机，此外本发明的电机1000还可以为其他本领域内公知的电机种类，例如异步电机等等类型的电机，尤其是一种超高速电机，即转速在20000rpm(转/分钟)以上的电机，本发明提到的各种电机1000还尤其适用于电动汽车的驱动电机使用。As shown in FIGS. 1 through 6, the present invention provides at least an electric motor rotor punch, an electric motor rotor 300, an electric motor 1000, and an electric vehicle 2000. The motor 1000 can be a two-pole motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, or a two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor. In addition, the motor 1000 of the present invention can also be other types of motors known in the art, such as an asynchronous motor or the like. In particular, an ultra-high speed motor, that is, a motor having a rotational speed of more than 20,000 rpm (revolutions per minute), the various motors 1000 mentioned in the present invention are also particularly suitable for use in a drive motor of an electric vehicle.
其中，本发明中所说的“两对极”、“永磁同步”是本领域公知的术语，例如，两对极是指电机转子上设置有两对磁极。其中由于磁极对数越多，当电机转速高时，尤其是本发明中的电机1000为超高速电机时，磁场的交变频率越高，电机1000所产生的热量就越多，对冷却***的要求也就越高，另外电机1000的铁耗也会增大。因此，两对极电机适用于超高速运行的驱动电机使用。当然，在其他可能的实施方式中，也可以采用三对极或四对极等。Here, the "two-pole" and "permanent magnet synchronization" as used in the present invention are terms well known in the art. For example, two pairs of poles mean that two pairs of magnetic poles are disposed on the rotor of the motor. Wherein, because the number of magnetic pole pairs is higher, when the motor speed is high, especially when the motor 1000 in the present invention is an ultra-high speed motor, the higher the alternating frequency of the magnetic field, the more heat generated by the motor 1000, the cooling system The higher the requirement, the higher the iron consumption of the motor 1000. Therefore, the two-pole motor is suitable for use in drive motors that operate at very high speeds. Of course, in other possible implementations, three pairs of poles or four pairs of poles may also be used.
另外永磁同步电机也适用于电动汽车2000的驱动电机使用。在性能上，其可以包括效率高，功率因素高，体积小，重量轻，温升低的优点。具体地，例如，永磁同步电机在转子上嵌了永磁体后，由永磁体来建立转子磁场，在正常工作时转子与定子磁场同步运行，电机转子300中无感应电流，不存在转子电阻损耗，因此可大幅提高电机效率。另外，起动时，电机1000具有足够大的起动转矩，并且不需起动电流太大，适用于由动力电池包带 动的驱动电机。此外，永磁同步电机的效率高，转子绕组中电阻损耗较低，定子绕组中较少有或几乎不存在无功电流，使电机1000温升低，也能够延长电机1000的使用寿命。其他永磁同步电机带来的优点不做过多赘述。总之，永磁同步电机结构简单，使得永磁同步电机加工和配电费用减少，运行更加可靠，另外，永磁同步电机采用稀土永磁后增大了气隙磁密，并把电机转速提高到最佳，从而显著缩小了电机的体积，提高了功率质量比；另外由于省去了励磁铜耗，电机效率得以显著提高。In addition, the permanent magnet synchronous motor is also suitable for use in the drive motor of the electric vehicle 2000. In terms of performance, it may include the advantages of high efficiency, high power factor, small volume, light weight, and low temperature rise. Specifically, for example, after the permanent magnet is embedded in the permanent magnet, the rotor magnetic field is established by the permanent magnet, and the rotor and the stator magnetic field are synchronously operated during normal operation, and no induction current is generated in the motor rotor 300, and there is no rotor resistance loss. Therefore, the motor efficiency can be greatly improved. In addition, when starting, the motor 1000 has a sufficiently large starting torque and does not require a large starting current, and is suitable for being carried by a power battery. Dynamic drive motor. In addition, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has high efficiency, the resistance loss in the rotor winding is low, and there is little or no reactive current in the stator winding, so that the temperature rise of the motor 1000 is low, and the service life of the motor 1000 can also be prolonged. The advantages brought by other permanent magnet synchronous motors are not described too much. In short, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has a simple structure, which makes the permanent magnet synchronous motor processing and distribution cost less, and the operation is more reliable. In addition, the permanent magnet synchronous motor uses the rare earth permanent magnet to increase the air gap magnetic density and raise the motor speed to The best, which significantly reduces the size of the motor, improves the power to mass ratio; in addition, because the excitation copper consumption is saved, the motor efficiency is significantly improved.
在结构上，如图1至图4所示，本发明实施方式提供的电机1000包括壳体400、安装在该壳体400内的电机转子300和电机定子500。电机定子500固定地设置在壳体400内，电机转子300可转动地设置在电机定子500的中心。其中，电机转子300包括由多个转子冲片叠置而成的转子铁芯310，以及与转子铁芯310传动相连的转轴320。具体地，在本实施方式中，转子铁芯310的冲片本体100的回转中心形成有转轴孔101，该转轴孔101的侧壁上对称地形成有用于与转轴320配合的一对键102，即转子铁芯310和转轴320为键连接方式。在其他实施方式中，转子铁芯310和转轴320还可以采用其他本领域技术人员公知的传动连接方式进行连接，例如采用非圆剖面的型面连接方式。另外，在转子冲片上还可以形成有油孔103，以形成转子油路的一部分，通过使润滑油在转子中循环流动，可对转子进行冷却处理。Structurally, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the motor 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 400, a motor rotor 300 and a motor stator 500 mounted in the housing 400. The motor stator 500 is fixedly disposed within the housing 400, and the motor rotor 300 is rotatably disposed at the center of the motor stator 500. The motor rotor 300 includes a rotor core 310 formed by stacking a plurality of rotor blades, and a rotating shaft 320 coupled to the rotor core 310. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the center of rotation of the punch body 100 of the rotor core 310 is formed with a rotating shaft hole 101, and a pair of keys 102 for engaging with the rotating shaft 320 are symmetrically formed on the side wall of the rotating shaft hole 101, That is, the rotor core 310 and the rotating shaft 320 are in a key connection manner. In other embodiments, the rotor core 310 and the rotating shaft 320 may also be connected by other transmission connections known to those skilled in the art, for example, using a non-circular cross-section connection. Further, an oil hole 103 may be formed in the rotor punch to form a part of the rotor oil passage, and the lubricating oil may be cooled by circulating the lubricating oil in the rotor.
另外，壳体400远离动力输出端具有端盖800，该端盖800上可以形成有轴承室，转轴320的内端通过深沟球轴承600安装在该轴承室内，伸出壳体400的外端则可以作为动力输出端。另外，壳体400上安装有接线盒700可以外接电源，例如与动力电池包电连接以能够通过为绕组900供电而产生磁场，从而能够实现电机1000的工作。另外，电机转子300和电机定子500之间还设置有气隙以使得电机1000能够正常工作。In addition, the housing 400 has an end cover 800 away from the power output end. The end cover 800 may be formed with a bearing chamber. The inner end of the rotating shaft 320 is installed in the bearing chamber through the deep groove ball bearing 600, and protrudes from the outer end of the housing 400. It can be used as a power output. In addition, the junction box 700 on the housing 400 can be externally connected to a power source, for example, electrically connected to the power battery pack to be able to generate a magnetic field by supplying power to the winding 900, thereby enabling operation of the motor 1000. In addition, an air gap is also provided between the motor rotor 300 and the motor stator 500 to enable the motor 1000 to operate normally.
在本发明实施方式中，如图4所示，所提供的转子冲片包括冲片本体100，该冲片本体100上形成有用于磁钢***的磁钢槽200，即利用磁钢作为永磁体来形成转子磁极，即本实施方式中的永磁体采用嵌入式的安装方式，这样可以有效保证在电机转子300在超高速旋转时的稳定性，相比表贴式的永磁体安装方式，嵌入式的永磁体安装方式更适用于超高速运转的电机转子300。其中，在电机转子300高速尤其是超高速运转时，容纳在磁钢槽200内的磁钢会在离心力作用下具有变形的趋势，即在磁钢内部产生拉应力，同时由于磁钢槽200的阻力而承受压应力，其中磁钢的抗拉强度要远低于其抗压强度。一种磁钢的实施例中，其抗拉强度只有85Mpa，而抗压强度则可以达到1000Mpa以上。因此产生的拉应力会对磁钢的寿命造成影响。基于此，本发明实施方式中为了提高磁钢的寿命，对磁钢槽200的槽型进行了改进，其方式可以包括将磁钢所受的拉应力转变为压应力。In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotor blank provided includes a punching body 100, and the punching body 100 is formed with a magnetic steel groove 200 for magnetic steel insertion, that is, using magnetic steel as a permanent magnet. To form the rotor magnetic pole, that is, the permanent magnet in the embodiment adopts an embedded mounting manner, which can effectively ensure the stability of the motor rotor 300 when it is rotated at an ultra-high speed, and is embedded compared to the surface-mounted permanent magnet mounting method. The permanent magnet mounting method is more suitable for the motor rotor 300 that operates at an ultra-high speed. Wherein, when the motor rotor 300 is running at a high speed, especially at an ultra-high speed, the magnetic steel accommodated in the magnetic steel tank 200 tends to be deformed under the action of centrifugal force, that is, tensile stress is generated inside the magnetic steel, and at the same time, due to the magnetic steel groove 200 The resistance is subjected to compressive stress, and the tensile strength of the magnetic steel is much lower than its compressive strength. In an embodiment of the magnetic steel, the tensile strength is only 85 MPa, and the compressive strength can be above 1000 MPa. The resulting tensile stress can affect the life of the magnetic steel. Based on this, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the life of the magnetic steel, the groove shape of the magnetic steel groove 200 is improved, and the manner may include converting the tensile stress received by the magnetic steel into a compressive stress.
其中，如图5所示，磁钢槽200沿冲片本体100的表面方向具有直槽段201和位于该 直槽段201两侧的倾角段202，倾角段202远离冲片本体100回转中心的第一侧缘从直槽段201的端部向外倾斜。直槽段201与位于该直槽段201两侧的倾角段202共同构成磁钢槽200在冲片本体100的表面的闭合横截轮廓。如图5所示，磁钢槽200在冲片本体100的表面的闭合横截轮廓由虚线分割为直槽段201和倾角段202。这样，通过在直槽段201两侧设置向外倾斜的倾角段202，可以为磁钢槽200内的磁钢两端提供产生微量变形的缓冲区，即在电机转子300转动时，允许磁钢在磁钢槽200内微量变形从而释放磁钢内部产生的拉应力，继而提升磁钢的寿命。Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5, the magnetic steel groove 200 has a straight groove section 201 along the surface direction of the punching body 100 and is located at The inclined section 202 on both sides of the straight groove section 201, the first side edge of the inclined section 202 away from the center of rotation of the punching body 100 is inclined outward from the end of the straight groove section 201. The straight slot section 201 and the angled section 202 on either side of the straight slot section 201 together form a closed cross-sectional profile of the magnetic steel slot 200 at the surface of the die body 100. As shown in FIG. 5, the closed cross-sectional profile of the magnetic steel groove 200 at the surface of the punch body 100 is divided by a broken line into a straight groove segment 201 and a dip segment 202. Thus, by providing an outwardly inclined inclined section 202 on both sides of the straight groove section 201, a buffer zone for generating a slight deformation can be provided for both ends of the magnetic steel in the magnetic steel groove 200, that is, when the motor rotor 300 is rotated, the magnetic steel is allowed. A slight deformation in the magnetic steel tank 200 releases the tensile stress generated inside the magnetic steel, which in turn increases the life of the magnetic steel.
具体地，在本实施方式中，为了实现对磁钢槽200的改进，可以在现有的一字型磁钢槽上开角。其中，由于磁钢的变形较为微量，并且为了避免对转子冲片的强度造成过大影响，在本实施方式中，倾角段202的第一侧缘与直槽段201之间的夹角α为0.5°-2°，例如采用1°的倾斜。此处需要注意的是，图5是在其他特征不变的情况下，将该夹角α放大了若干倍后的视图，以示意地清楚显示该倾角段202。这种对磁钢槽200的改进能够有效增加磁钢的寿命。因此，本实施方式中的冲片本体100由非晶合金材料制成，即本发明实施方式中的转子铁芯310由非晶合金材料制成。Specifically, in the present embodiment, in order to achieve an improvement to the magnetic steel groove 200, an angle can be opened on the existing in-line magnetic steel groove. In the present embodiment, the angle α between the first side edge of the inclined section 202 and the straight groove section 201 is 0.5 ° - 2 °, for example with a 1 ° tilt. It should be noted here that FIG. 5 is a view in which the angle α is enlarged several times in the case where other features are not changed, to clearly show the inclination section 202. This improvement in the magnetic steel tank 200 can effectively increase the life of the magnetic steel. Therefore, the punch body 100 in the present embodiment is made of an amorphous alloy material, that is, the rotor core 310 in the embodiment of the present invention is made of an amorphous alloy material.
公知地，非晶合金材料的特性中抗拉强度是普通硅钢材料的几十倍，因此对磁钢槽200的改进而导致冲片本体100所牺牲的强度能够由该材料弥补，并且其强度大大高于现有技术中硅钢材料的转子冲片的强度，从而既能够保证磁钢的寿命还能够保证转子铁芯310的强度和寿命。It is known that the tensile strength of the characteristics of the amorphous alloy material is several tens of times that of the ordinary silicon steel material, so that the improvement of the magnetic steel groove 200 causes the strength sacrificed by the punch body 100 to be compensated by the material, and its strength is greatly increased. It is higher than the strength of the rotor sheet of the prior art silicon steel material, thereby ensuring both the life of the magnetic steel and the strength and life of the rotor core 310.
另外，本发明的实施方式中，由于转子铁芯310由非晶合金材料制成，还会使得转子铁芯310具有磁导率高、电导率高、涡流损耗小等特点，更大幅提升了电机1000的性能。其中，需要提及的是，使用非晶合金材料制成转子铁芯310，不仅可以使得转子能力得到提升，还解决了如何通过小体积实现大功率输出的关键问题，能够使得电动汽车2000领域的驱动电机取得了长足进步。In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the rotor core 310 is made of an amorphous alloy material, the rotor core 310 also has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, high electrical conductivity, small eddy current loss, and the like, and the motor is greatly improved. 1000 performance. Among them, it should be mentioned that the use of the amorphous alloy material to form the rotor core 310 not only can improve the rotor capacity, but also solve the key problem of how to achieve high power output through a small volume, and can make the electric vehicle 2000 field Drive motors have made great strides.
具体地，本发明的发明人的设计思路在于，发明人发现在电动汽车2000领域，出于空间布局的考虑，很难将电机1000的体积做大，即很难提升电机1000的扭矩。这样为了提升功率，根据公式p＝T*n/9550可知，在体积一定的情况下，可以通过增加转速来实现大功率的输出。因此，本发明的发明人产生了使用小体积大转速的电机1000来作为电动汽车2000的驱动电机之用的动机。其中，发明人还考虑到当电机1000转速达到20000rpm的超高速以后，受到普通硅钢片屈服强度的限制，设计出来的电机1000体积会过小。当电机1000体积过小时，尽管转速较高但仍然会直接影响电机1000输出的转矩，从而不能满足驱动电机1000的要求。Specifically, the inventor of the present invention has a design idea that the inventors have found that in the field of electric vehicles 2000, it is difficult to increase the volume of the motor 1000 due to the spatial layout, that is, it is difficult to increase the torque of the motor 1000. In order to increase the power, according to the formula p=T*n/9550, it can be known that the output can be increased by increasing the rotational speed in a case where the volume is constant. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have generated an incentive to use the motor 1000 of a small volume and a large number of revolutions as the drive motor of the electric vehicle 2000. Among them, the inventors also considered that when the motor 1000 has reached an ultra-high speed of 20,000 rpm, it is limited by the yield strength of ordinary silicon steel sheets, and the designed motor 1000 volume will be too small. When the volume of the motor 1000 is too small, although the rotation speed is high, the torque outputted by the motor 1000 is directly affected, so that the requirements of the driving motor 1000 cannot be satisfied.
考虑到这些因素，本申请发明人采用了非晶合金材料形成电机转子300以解决转子外 径受限的问题，即能够在保证电机1000可以超高速运转的同时，尽可能地增加电机1000的体积从而增加扭矩而进一步提升电机1000功率。进一步地，本发明提供的电机1000并非简单将所有部件均使用非晶合金材料制造。将成本因素除外，本发明还发现在当前工艺条件下，非晶合金带材宽度受限，如果还用非晶合金带材做电机定子500，也会造成所生产的电机1000过小而影响电机1000的功率输出。另外，由于非晶合金材料的磁致伸缩系数较大，这将会导致电机1000振动噪声较大。因此，本发明实施方式所提供的各种电机1000仅将转子铁芯310使用非晶合金材料制成，而定子铁芯则可以选择使用硅钢材料制成。因此，本发明实施方式中采用将转子铁芯310使用非晶合金材料、而定子铁芯采用原有硅钢材料的结构，是综合考虑各方面因素的结果，需要发明人进行大量创造性劳动。In view of these factors, the inventors of the present application have used an amorphous alloy material to form the motor rotor 300 to solve the rotor outer The problem of limited diameter is that the motor 1000 can be operated at an ultra-high speed while increasing the volume of the motor 1000 as much as possible to increase the torque and further increase the power of the motor 1000. Further, the motor 1000 provided by the present invention does not simply manufacture all components using an amorphous alloy material. Except for the cost factor, the present invention also finds that under the current process conditions, the width of the amorphous alloy strip is limited. If the amorphous alloy strip is also used as the motor stator 500, the produced motor 1000 is too small and affects the motor. 1000 power output. In addition, since the magnetostriction coefficient of the amorphous alloy material is large, this will cause the vibration noise of the motor 1000 to be large. Therefore, the various motors 1000 provided by the embodiments of the present invention only make the rotor core 310 made of an amorphous alloy material, and the stator core can be made of a silicon steel material. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the structure in which the rotor core 310 is made of an amorphous alloy material and the stator core is made of the original silicon steel material is a result of comprehensive consideration of various factors, and the inventor needs a lot of creative labor.
并且进一步地，这正与上述采用非晶合金材料制造转子铁芯310的从而提升超高速运转时磁钢寿命的想法不谋而合。这样，本发明巧妙地将非晶合金材料用于转子铁芯310的制造，不仅能够达到在超高速运转时提高磁钢寿命的有益效果，还能够同时使得设计出来的电机1000体积较小而不过小，即通过采用非晶合金材料制造转子铁芯310还产生了意料不到的技术效果，实现了一个特征的多种效果。尤其适用于需要大功率且小体积的驱动电机的要求，使得驱动电机的性能得到了大幅提升。Further, this coincides with the above-described idea of manufacturing the rotor core 310 using an amorphous alloy material to improve the life of the magnetic steel during ultra-high speed operation. Thus, the present invention skillfully uses an amorphous alloy material for the manufacture of the rotor core 310, which not only achieves the beneficial effect of improving the life of the magnetic steel during ultra-high speed operation, but also enables the designed motor 1000 to be small in size without passing. Small, that is, the manufacture of the rotor core 310 by using an amorphous alloy material also produces an unexpected technical effect, realizing a plurality of effects of one feature. Especially suitable for the requirements of high-power and small-volume drive motors, the performance of the drive motor has been greatly improved.
在本发明的实施方式中，如图5所示，为了保证磁钢两侧的变形一致，可以将两个倾角段202设计为关于直槽段201的中心轴线对称设置，即两个倾角段202的结构基本相同。另外，为了实现磁钢的结构，倾角段202接近冲片本体100回转中心的第二侧缘与直槽段201共线布置。即倾角段202中仅外侧的第一侧缘线相对于直槽段201倾斜，从而既能够保证磁钢在离心力作用下的两端向外的微量变形，还能够更好地使得磁钢容纳保持在磁钢槽200中。倾角段202的第一侧缘和第二侧缘通过弯折侧缘连接以与直槽段201配合形成闭合横截轮廓。具体的，进一步地，为了更好地适应磁钢的变形，可以设计直槽段201占容纳在磁钢槽200内的磁钢沿冲片本体100表面的长度的1/2-3/4。从而使得磁钢的变形得到更好的缓冲，而避免磁钢槽200对磁钢施加不必要的破坏力。In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, in order to ensure uniform deformation on both sides of the magnetic steel, the two inclined angle segments 202 may be designed to be symmetrically disposed with respect to the central axis of the straight groove segment 201, that is, the two inclined angle segments 202. The structure is basically the same. In addition, in order to realize the structure of the magnetic steel, the second side edge of the inclined section 202 close to the center of rotation of the punch body 100 is arranged in line with the straight groove section 201. That is, only the outer first side edge line of the inclined section 202 is inclined with respect to the straight groove section 201, thereby ensuring the small deformation of the magnetic steel at both ends outward under the centrifugal force, and better accommodating the magnetic steel. In the magnetic steel tank 200. The first side edge and the second side edge of the angled section 202 are joined by a bent side edge to cooperate with the straight slot section 201 to form a closed cross-sectional profile. Specifically, further, in order to better adapt to the deformation of the magnetic steel, the straight groove segment 201 may be designed to occupy 1/2 to 3/4 of the length of the magnetic steel accommodated in the magnetic steel groove 200 along the surface of the punching body 100. Thereby, the deformation of the magnetic steel is better buffered, and the magnetic steel groove 200 is prevented from exerting unnecessary destructive force on the magnetic steel.
上述介绍了磁钢槽200的槽型改进，下面对本发明实施方式中电机转子冲片中的磁极布置方面的改进进行描述。The above describes the improvement in the groove type of the magnetic steel groove 200, and the improvement in the arrangement of the magnetic poles in the rotor piece of the motor in the embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
其中，为了形成转子磁极，如图4所示，磁钢槽200为多个，该多个磁钢槽200形成有构成转子磁极的磁钢槽组，即，多个磁钢槽200形成磁钢槽组且磁钢槽组构成转子磁极，其中一个磁钢槽组能够形成一个转子磁极。具体地，该磁钢槽组包括关于冲片本体100的第一直径(作为一个示例，第一直径为冲片本体100上沿竖直方向的直径，如图4所示)对称布置的第一磁钢槽210和第二磁钢槽220，该第一磁钢槽210和第二磁钢槽220呈向外开口的第一V型布置。换言之，本发明的磁钢布置方式为V型结构。同样为了在较小的 尺寸上产生较大的磁场，在本实施方式中，磁钢槽组还包括关于第一直径对称布置的第三磁钢槽230和第四磁钢槽240，该第三磁钢槽230和第四磁钢槽240呈向外开口的第二V型布置并且间隔设置于第一磁钢槽210和第二磁钢槽220的径向内侧。即本发明中一个磁极可以包括四个磁钢，从而充分利用冲片本体100的空间，这尤其适用于体积较小的驱动电机。为了优化同组中四个磁钢的布局，合理利用空间，可选地，第二V型的夹角小于第一V型的夹角。这样，能够使得外侧的磁钢更好地利用冲片本体100弦线方向的空间，而使得内侧磁钢更好地利用冲片本体100径向方向的空间，布局更加合理，更有效地产生磁场。In order to form the rotor magnetic pole, as shown in FIG. 4, there are a plurality of magnetic steel grooves 200, and the plurality of magnetic steel grooves 200 are formed with a magnetic steel groove group constituting a rotor magnetic pole, that is, a plurality of magnetic steel grooves 200 form a magnetic steel. The groove group and the magnetic steel groove group constitute a rotor magnetic pole, and one of the magnetic steel groove groups can form a rotor magnetic pole. Specifically, the magnetic steel groove group includes a first symmetrically arranged first diameter with respect to the punch body 100 (as a example, the first diameter is a diameter in the vertical direction on the punch body 100, as shown in FIG. 4) The magnetic steel trough 210 and the second magnetic steel trough 220, the first magnetic steel trough 210 and the second magnetic steel trough 220 are arranged in a first V-shape that is open to the outside. In other words, the magnetic steel of the present invention is arranged in a V-shaped configuration. Also for the smaller A larger magnetic field is generated in the size. In the embodiment, the magnetic steel groove group further includes a third magnetic steel groove 230 and a fourth magnetic steel groove 240 symmetrically arranged with respect to the first diameter, the third magnetic steel groove 230 and the first The four magnetic steel grooves 240 are arranged in a second V shape that is open to the outside and are spaced apart from the radially inner side of the first magnetic steel groove 210 and the second magnetic steel groove 220. That is, one magnetic pole in the present invention may include four magnetic steels, thereby making full use of the space of the punching body 100, which is especially suitable for a small-sized driving motor. In order to optimize the layout of the four magnetic steels in the same group, the space is utilized reasonably, and optionally, the angle of the second V-shaped is smaller than the angle of the first V-shaped. In this way, the outer magnetic steel can better utilize the space in the chord direction of the punch body 100, so that the inner magnetic steel can better utilize the space in the radial direction of the punch body 100, the layout is more reasonable, and the magnetic field is generated more effectively. .
为了产生均匀的磁场，在本实施方式中，磁钢槽组为多个以分别构成多个转子磁极，该多个磁钢槽组为偶数个并沿周向均匀分布在冲片本体100上。其中在本发明提供的两对极电机中，对应地，磁钢槽组为四个以构成电机转子300的两对极。在其他实施方式中，随磁极对数的不同，可以设置不同数量的磁钢槽组。In order to generate a uniform magnetic field, in the present embodiment, a plurality of magnetic steel groove groups are respectively configured to constitute a plurality of rotor magnetic poles, and the plurality of magnetic steel groove groups are evenly distributed and uniformly distributed on the punch body 100 in the circumferential direction. In the two-pole electric machine provided by the present invention, correspondingly, the magnetic steel groove group is four to constitute two pairs of poles of the motor rotor 300. In other embodiments, a different number of sets of magnetic steel slots may be provided depending on the number of pole pairs.
在本实施方式中，为了保证冲片本体100的强度，冲片本体100上形成有沿周向均匀分布的油孔103，该油孔103位于相邻的磁钢槽组之间，以充分利冲片本体100空间，另外开设油孔103可以对电机转子300进行减重而减少电机转子300转动惯量。另外，在本实施方式中，冲片本体100的回转中心形成有转轴孔101，该转轴孔101的侧壁上对称地形成有用于与转轴320配合的一对键102，该键102朝向圆心凸出且一对键102位于第一直径上。即，该键102为凸出的结构而非凹入结构，从而方便与转轴320上的对应的键槽配合传递扭矩。In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the strength of the punching body 100, the punching body 100 is formed with oil holes 103 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the oil holes 103 are located between adjacent magnetic steel groove groups to be fully utilized. The punch body 100 has a space, and the oil hole 103 is additionally provided to reduce the weight of the motor rotor 300 and reduce the moment of inertia of the motor rotor 300. Further, in the present embodiment, the center of rotation of the punching body 100 is formed with a rotating shaft hole 101, and a pair of keys 102 for engaging with the rotating shaft 320 are symmetrically formed on the side wall of the rotating shaft hole 101, and the key 102 is convex toward the center of the circle A pair of keys 102 are located on the first diameter. That is, the key 102 is a convex structure rather than a concave structure, thereby facilitating the torque transmission with the corresponding keyway on the rotating shaft 320.
另外，为了保证冲片本体100的强度，在本实施方式中，在磁钢槽组中，对称布置的磁钢槽200之间设置有加强筋，以增强冲片本体100的强度。另外，并且磁钢槽200与冲片本体100的边缘之间设置有隔磁桥或隔磁孔。其中的隔磁桥可以越小越好，从而会减小漏磁，增大气隙磁密。另外隔磁孔可以改善气隙磁密波形，从而提升电机1000的性能。In addition, in order to ensure the strength of the punch body 100, in the present embodiment, in the magnetic steel groove group, reinforcing ribs are provided between the symmetrically arranged magnetic steel grooves 200 to enhance the strength of the punch body 100. In addition, a magnetic bridge or a magnetic isolation hole is disposed between the magnetic steel groove 200 and the edge of the punch body 100. The magnetic bridge can be as small as possible, which will reduce the magnetic flux leakage and increase the air gap magnetic density. In addition, the magnetic isolation hole can improve the air gap magnetic density waveform, thereby improving the performance of the motor 1000.
本发明提供的电机1000更适用于电动汽车2000的驱动电机，其中铁耗比较低，输出功率得以提高，又避免了非晶电机带来的噪声大的问题。重新设计了电机定子500和电机转子300的结构，提高电机转子300结构的强度，不仅可以做成超高转速电机，而且具有优异的电磁性能。只有转子铁芯310使用非晶合金，降低了加工难度，降低了工艺的成本。电机体积不受非晶合金材料的制约，从而能发挥出更大的扭矩和功率。在高转速下，最小化了磁场的交变频率，降低了铁耗，减少了散热，并且易于实现对电机1000的控制，使得电机1000的性能得以显著提高，间接使得电动汽车2000的性能也得到大幅提升，实用性更好。The motor 1000 provided by the invention is more suitable for the driving motor of the electric vehicle 2000, wherein the iron loss is relatively low, the output power is improved, and the problem of large noise caused by the amorphous motor is avoided. The structure of the motor stator 500 and the motor rotor 300 is redesigned to improve the strength of the structure of the motor rotor 300, and not only can be made into an ultra-high-speed motor, but also has excellent electromagnetic performance. Only the rotor core 310 uses an amorphous alloy, which reduces the processing difficulty and reduces the cost of the process. The volume of the motor is not limited by the amorphous alloy material, so that it can exert greater torque and power. At high speeds, the alternating frequency of the magnetic field is minimized, the iron loss is reduced, the heat dissipation is reduced, and the control of the motor 1000 is easily realized, so that the performance of the motor 1000 is significantly improved, and the performance of the electric vehicle 2000 is indirectly obtained. Greatly improved and more practical.
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方 式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. In the specific details of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。It should be further noted that the specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention has various possibilities. The combination method will not be described separately.
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。 In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the invention may be made as long as it does not deviate from the idea of the invention, and it should be regarded as the disclosure of the invention.

Claims (17)

  1. 一种两对极永磁同步电机，包括壳体(400)、安装在所述壳体(400)内的电机转子(300)和电机定子(500)，其特征在于，所述电机转子(300)包括由非晶合金材料制成的转子铁芯(310)，所述转子铁芯(310)具有两对极，所述电机定子(500)包括由硅钢材料制成的定子铁芯。A two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a housing (400), a motor rotor (300) mounted in the housing (400), and a motor stator (500), wherein the motor rotor (300) A rotor core (310) made of an amorphous alloy material, the rotor core (310) having two pairs of poles, the motor stator (500) comprising a stator core made of a silicon steel material.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述转子铁芯(310)由多个转子冲片叠置而成，所述转子冲片包括冲片本体(100)，所述冲片本体(100)上形成有用于磁钢***的磁钢槽(200)，所述磁钢槽(200)为多个，所述多个磁钢槽(200)形成磁钢槽组且所述磁钢槽组构成转子磁极。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor core (310) is formed by stacking a plurality of rotor punches, and the rotor punch comprises a punch body (100). a magnetic steel groove (200) for magnetic steel insertion is formed on the punch body (100), the magnetic steel groove (200) is plural, and the plurality of magnetic steel grooves (200) form a magnetic steel groove. And the group of magnetic steel grooves constitutes a rotor magnetic pole.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述磁钢槽组包括关于所述冲片本体的第一直径对称布置的第一磁钢槽(210)和第二磁钢槽(220)，所述第一磁钢槽(210)和所述二磁钢槽(220)呈向外开口的第一V型布置。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein said magnetic steel groove group comprises a first magnetic steel groove (210) and a second symmetrically arranged with respect to a first diameter of said punch body The magnetic steel trough (220), the first magnetic steel trough (210) and the two magnetic steel trough (220) are arranged in a first V-shape that is open to the outside.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述磁钢槽组还包括关于所述第一直径对称布置的第三磁钢槽(230)和第四磁钢槽(240)，所述第三磁钢槽(230)和所述第四磁钢槽(240)呈向外开口的第二V型布置并且间隔设置于所述第一磁钢槽(210)和所述第二磁钢槽(220)的径向内侧。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, wherein said magnetic steel groove group further comprises a third magnetic steel groove (230) and a fourth magnetic steel groove symmetrically arranged with respect to said first diameter (240), the third magnetic steel trough (230) and the fourth magnetic steel trough (240) are arranged in a second V-shape that is open to the outside and are spaced apart from the first magnetic steel trough (210) and The radially inner side of the second magnetic steel groove (220).
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述第二V型的夹角小于所述第一V型的夹角。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 4, wherein the angle of the second V-shape is smaller than the angle of the first V-shape.
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任意一项所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述磁钢槽组为四个，所述四个磁钢槽组沿周向均匀分布在所述冲片本体(100)上以构成所述两对极。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the magnetic steel groove group is four, and the four magnetic steel groove groups are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The punch body (100) is formed to constitute the two pairs of poles.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述冲片本体(100)上形成有沿周向均匀分布的油孔(103)，所述油孔(103)位于相邻的所述磁钢槽组之间。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, wherein the punch body (100) is formed with oil holes (103) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the oil holes (103) are located Adjacent between the sets of magnetic steel troughs.
  8. 根据权利要求2-7中任意一项所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述冲片本体(100)的回转中心形成有转轴孔(101)，所述转轴孔(101)的侧壁上对称地形成有 一对用于与转轴(320)配合的键(102)，所述键(102)朝向圆心凸出并且所述键(102)位于所述第一直径上。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that the center of rotation of the punch body (100) is formed with a rotating shaft hole (101), and the rotating shaft hole (101) The sidewalls are symmetrically formed A pair of keys (102) for mating with the shaft (320), the keys (102) projecting toward the center of the circle and the keys (102) are located on the first diameter.
  9. 根据权利要求3或4所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，在所述磁钢槽组中，对称布置的所述磁钢槽(200)之间设置有加强筋，并且所述磁钢槽(200)与所述冲片本体(100)的边缘之间设置有隔磁桥或隔磁孔。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the group of magnetic steel grooves, reinforcing bars are disposed between the symmetrically arranged magnetic steel grooves (200), and A magnetic bridge or a magnetic isolation hole is disposed between the magnetic steel groove (200) and the edge of the punch body (100).
  10. 根据权利要求2-9中任意一项所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述磁钢槽(200)沿所述冲片本体(100)的表面方向具有直槽段(201)和位于所述直槽段(201)两侧的倾角段(202)，所述倾角段(202)远离所述冲片本体(100)回转中心的第一侧缘从所述直槽段(201)的端部向外倾斜。A two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 2-9, wherein said magnetic steel groove (200) has a straight groove section along a surface direction of said punch body (100) ( 201) and a dip segment (202) on both sides of the straight groove segment (201), the dip segment (202) away from the first side edge of the center of rotation of the punch body (100) from the straight groove segment The end of (201) is inclined outward.
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，两个所述倾角段(202)关于所述直槽段(201)的中心轴线对称设置。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the two inclined sections (202) are symmetrically arranged with respect to a central axis of the straight groove section (201).
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述倾角段(202)的所述第一侧缘与所述直槽段(201)之间的夹角为0.5°-2°。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 10 or 11, wherein an angle between the first side edge of the inclined section (202) and the straight groove section (201) is 0.5 ° - 2 °.
  13. 根据权利要求10或11所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述倾角段(202)接近所述冲片本体(100)回转中心的第二侧缘与所述直槽段(201)共线布置。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the angled section (202) is adjacent to a second side edge of the center of rotation of the punch body (100) and the straight groove section (201) collinear arrangement.
  14. 根据权利要求10或11所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述直槽段(201)占容纳在所述磁钢槽(200)中的磁钢沿所述冲片本体(100)表面的长度的1/2-3/4。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the straight groove section (201) occupies the magnetic steel accommodated in the magnetic steel groove (200) along the punch body (100) 1/2-3/4 of the length of the surface.
  15. 根据权利要求1-14中任意一项所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述电机转子(300)还包括与所述转子铁芯(310)传动相连的转轴(320)，所述转轴(320)的内端通过深沟球轴承(600)安装，所述壳体(400)上安装有接线盒(700)。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the motor rotor (300) further comprises a rotating shaft (320) coupled to the rotor core (310). The inner end of the rotating shaft (320) is mounted by a deep groove ball bearing (600), and a junction box (700) is mounted on the casing (400).
  16. 根据权利要求1-15中任意一项所述的两对极永磁同步电机，其特征在于，所述两对极永磁同步电机为超高速电机。The two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor is an ultra-high speed motor.
  17. 一种电动汽车，包括驱动电机，其特征在于，所述驱动电机为根据权利要求1-16 任意一项所述的两对极永磁同步电机。 An electric vehicle comprising a drive motor, characterized in that the drive motor is according to claims 1-16 A two-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor as claimed in any of the preceding claims.
PCT/CN2017/085588 2016-05-27 2017-05-23 Double-antipode permanent magnet synchronous motor and electric vehicle WO2017202316A1 (en)

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CN201620505066.0 2016-05-27
CN201610368572.4A CN107437879A (en) 2016-05-27 2016-05-27 Two pairs of pole permanent-magnet synchronous machines and electric automobile
CN201610368572.4 2016-05-27
CN201620505066.0U CN206077183U (en) 2016-05-27 2016-05-27 Two pairs of pole permanent-magnet synchronous machines and electric automobile

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CN108711973A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-10-26 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Rotor structure, permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor and electric vehicle
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CN110380537A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-10-25 宁波华表机械制造有限公司 A kind of motor rotor punching sheet and permanent magnet drive motor rotor block and permanent magnet drive motor
CN112087083A (en) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-15 无锡赛盈动力科技有限公司 High-efficient tricycle actuating system
CN112688495A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-20 常州精佳精密模具有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous motor and controller integrated assembly for negative pressure fan
CN112688495B (en) * 2020-12-17 2023-12-22 常州瑞斯塔电机有限公司 Permanent magnet synchronous motor and controller integrated assembly for negative pressure fan

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