WO2017201991A1 - Permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017201991A1
WO2017201991A1 PCT/CN2016/106671 CN2016106671W WO2017201991A1 WO 2017201991 A1 WO2017201991 A1 WO 2017201991A1 CN 2016106671 W CN2016106671 W CN 2016106671W WO 2017201991 A1 WO2017201991 A1 WO 2017201991A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
stator
synchronous motor
core
capacitor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/106671
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李申
范小斌
孟东根
仲晓伟
Original Assignee
海安县申菱电器制造有限公司
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Publication of WO2017201991A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017201991A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/26—Rotor cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/265—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/02—Casings or enclosures characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of motor structure design, and in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • a motor is an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits electrical energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction.
  • Motors come in a variety of types. Among them, permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used for their superior performance.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous motor is an asynchronous start permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • its magnetic field system consists of one or more permanent magnets, usually inside a cage rotor welded with cast aluminum or copper strips, according to the required pole. A number of magnetic poles with permanent magnets are mounted.
  • the stator structure is similar to an asynchronous motor.
  • the working principle is that when the stator winding is turned on, the motor starts to rotate according to the principle of the asynchronous motor, and when the synchronous operation is started to the synchronous speed, the synchronous electromagnetic torque generated by the permanent magnet magnetic field and the stator magnetic field of the rotor is generated by the permanent magnet magnetic field of the rotor.
  • the electromagnetic torque is combined with the reluctance torque generated by the stator magnetic field to synchronize the rotor and the motor enters synchronous operation.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the prior art has low material utilization rate, and the speed measuring and signal output device structure is complicated, the reliability is poor, and the cost is high. Moreover, the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the prior art has poor corrosion resistance and oxidation performance.
  • a rotor core disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 105553143A and a permanent magnet synchronous motor having the same are disclosed.
  • the rotor core comprises: a core body; the outer peripheral wall of the core body is provided with a groove along an axial direction of the core body, the groove includes a first groove and a second groove communicating with each other, the first groove
  • the depth in the radial direction of the core body is greater than the depth of the second groove in the radial direction of the core body.
  • the first groove has the largest air gap, large magnetic resistance, small air gap magnetic density, and reduced torque pulsation with the stator cogging, and the depths of the first groove and the second groove are different, and the second groove is excessively passed.
  • the fundamental magnetic field increases and is closer to sinusoidal, reducing cogging torque, resulting in increased motor output and reduced harmonics.
  • the core material utilization rate of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is low.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous motor disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 105429410A.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a rotor, a squirrel cage is arranged on the rotor, a squirrel cage groove is arranged on the squirrel cage, a magnetic steel groove is arranged on the inner side of the squirrel cage, a magnetic steel is arranged in the magnetic steel groove, and the first end of the magnetic steel groove is arranged
  • An arc-shaped first magnetic gap is formed, and a first magnetic bridge is formed between the first magnetic gap and the squirrel cage, and the first magnetic gap forms a circumferential angle of (0.9-1.2) ⁇ 360/n1 Degree, where ⁇ is 0.9 to 1.2 times the circumferential angle between two adjacent squirrel cages, and n1 is the number of rotor strips.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor has a bare structure and is easily oxidized by corrosion.
  • the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous motor comprising a core, a stator and a permanent magnet, the iron core and the permanent magnet being fixedly connected, the stator being located at a central position of the iron core, the iron core comprising a core yoke, a rotor core pole and a permanent magnet slot, the rotor core is located at a peripheral surface of the core yoke and is fixedly connected thereto, and the permanent magnet slot is located at an outer surface of the rotor core and is fixedly connected thereto, and the permanent magnet slot is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet
  • the permanent magnet slot is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, and the permanent magnet has the same shape as the permanent magnet slot, and the permanent magnet has a smaller size than the permanent magnet slot.
  • the permanent magnet slot is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, and one end of the magnet slot near the rotor core is a short semi-ellipsoid with a short axis, and the port of the magnet slot is a short axis Semi-ellipsoidal shape.
  • the number of the permanent magnets is 36, and 36 of the permanent magnets are fixed in the corresponding permanent magnet slots, and the 36 permanent magnets are equally spaced from each other.
  • the iron core is composed of solid steel.
  • the iron core is composed of a silicon steel sheet superposed.
  • the iron core is composed of a ferromagnetic composite material.
  • stator is connected with a thermal protection device, and the outer ring of the thermal protection device, the coil portion of the stator and the connecting portion of the thermal protection device and the stator is provided with a plastic sealing resin shell, and the plastic sealing resin shell and the thermal protection device respectively Fixed connection to the stator.
  • the plastic sealing resin shell is an epoxy phenolic resin plastic resin shell.
  • the iron core and the stator are connected with an inverter, and the two terminals of the inverter are respectively electrically connected to the iron core and the stator.
  • the inverter includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor, and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel with the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube, the first switch tube is connected to the second diode, and The other end is connected to the control device and placed in the circuit; the second switch tube is connected to the first diode and forms a parallel circuit with the first switch tube and the second diode.
  • the present invention adopts a structure in which an permanent spheroidal shape is set to an asymmetrical ellipsoid shape, and a magnetic structure of a permanent magnet fixed therein is concentrated in a form concentrated toward the center, so that the performance of the permanent magnet is utilized. The rate is at its best.
  • the invention improves the sealing property of the permanent magnet synchronous motor by providing an epoxy phenolic resin plastic sealing resin shell, and adopts a plastic resin resin shell made of epoxy phenolic resin, which has strong corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.
  • the present invention can convert DC power into AC power by setting an inverter, so that the applicability of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is enhanced, and the common mode voltage is substantially unchanged during the use of the inverter in the present invention, and does not generate a total Mode leakage current, high security and high stability.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inverter of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor including an iron core 1, a stator 3 and a permanent magnet 2, and the iron core 1 and the permanent magnet 2 are fixedly connected, and the stator 3 is fixed. Located in the center of the core 1.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the embodiment further includes a casing 6 surrounded by a stator 3 surrounded by a plurality of stator blocks 31, and the stator block 31 is an arc-shaped stator block.
  • Each of the stator blocks 31 is formed by laminating a plurality of identical core sheets, and stator windings 32 are wound around the magnetic poles of the stator blocks 31.
  • the iron core 1 is located at a central position of the outer casing 6, and the iron core 1 and the permanent magnet 2 constitute a rotor.
  • the magnetic field generated after the stator 3 is energized drives the permanent magnet rotor to rotate, thereby driving the impeller disposed coaxially with the permanent magnet rotor to rotate.
  • the coil winding of the stator 3 is made of a copper-clad aluminum enamel wire, and in another embodiment of the invention, it may also be made of a copper-clad aluminum-magnesium enamel wire or an aluminum enamel wire.
  • the use of copper-clad aluminum enameled wire can effectively improve the performance of the coil winding.
  • the advantages of copper-clad aluminum enameled wire include: the DC resistivity of copper-clad aluminum wire is about 1.45 times that of pure copper wire. When the resistance value is the same, the weight of copper-clad aluminum wire is about 1/2 of that of pure copper wire; The surface is concentrically coated with a layer of pure copper, so it has the same brazability as pure copper wire, and does not have to be specially treated like aluminum wire.
  • the copper clad aluminum wire has a thick copper layer, ensuring The paint soldering performance will not be affected when the paint is scraped; the copper clad aluminum wire density is 1/2.5 of the pure copper wire of the same wire diameter, and the coil is reduced. The weight is very effective; replacing the copper wire with a Chinese copper clad aluminum wire can save at least 30% of the cost.
  • the copper clad aluminum enameled wire is easily oxidized, and in the present embodiment, in order to prevent it from undergoing thermal oxidation, a modified copper clad aluminum material is used for the production. Specifically, the copper powder doped with silane and titanic acid is mixed with aluminum powder to form a copper-clad aluminum enamel wire. Doping with silane and titanic acid can effectively prevent oxidation of the copper surface, thereby prolonging the service life of the coil winding.
  • the specific composition of the copper powder doped with silane and titanic acid comprises silane having a mass fraction of 1%, titanic acid having a mass fraction of 1%, and the balance being copper powder.
  • silane and titanic acid are effective in preventing oxidation of copper, excessive silane and titanic acid affect their properties and affect the performance of the coil winding.
  • the iron core 1 can also be connected to a rotary transformer and connected to the control device through a rotary transformer.
  • the working state of the motor that is, the rotational speed and the operating current, can be known through a rotary transformer.
  • the control device may further comprise an inverter 5 connected to the rectifier.
  • the two terminals of the inverter 5 are electrically connected to the core 1 and the stator 3, respectively.
  • the inverter 5 is composed of a first switch tube 501, a second switch tube 502, a third switch tube 503, a fourth switch tube 504, a first diode 505, a second diode 506, and a first
  • the capacitor 507, the second capacitor 508, the third capacitor 509, and the fourth capacitor 510 are composed.
  • the first capacitor 507, the second capacitor 508, the third capacitor 509, and the fourth capacitor 510 are connected in parallel with the third switch tube 503 and the fourth switch tube 504, and the first switch tube 501 is connected to the second diode 506. And the other end is connected to the control device and placed in the loop.
  • the second switch 502 is connected to the first diode 505 and forms a parallel circuit with the first switch 501 and the second diode 506.
  • the second switch tube 502 and the fourth switch tube 504 remain turned off, the first switch tube 501 is always turned on, and the third switch tube 503 performs high frequency switch according to a sinusoidal law.
  • the second switch tube is always turned on, and the fourth switch tube performs high frequency switching according to a sinusoidal law.
  • the inverter 5 may further be provided with a current voltage detecting device, a controller, and a signal analyzer.
  • the inverter 5 is respectively connected to the controller and the current voltage detecting device, and the current voltage is detected.
  • the device is also coupled to the controller, the controller is also coupled to the signal resolver, and the signal resolver is coupled to the resolver.
  • the inverter 5 is a device capable of converting a DC voltage into a voltage pulse sequence and processing it into an AC voltage required for the motor.
  • the controller is a device capable of controlling the voltage pulse width of the inverter output and the period of the pulse sequence as needed to achieve the purpose of voltage conversion and frequency conversion.
  • stator 3 is surrounded by four stator blocks 31.
  • the permanent magnet torque servo motor When the permanent magnet torque servo motor is running, the three-phase alternating current is supplied with direct current to the inverter 5 via the rectifier, and the variable frequency power is supplied to the current voltage detector and the permanent magnet torque servo motor via the inverter 5, and the permanent magnet torque servo motor rotates on the rotating shaft.
  • the current/voltage detecting device feeds back the detected current voltage signal to the controller.
  • the rotary transformer mounted on the rotating shaft detects the rotation angle signal of the rotating shaft of the permanent magnet torque servo motor, and transmits the rotation angle signal of the rotating shaft to the signal analyzer, and the signal The signal is amplified and converted by the resolver and sent to the controller.
  • the controller converts the voltage and current feedback signals of the motor input provided by the signal resolver according to the shaft angle position signal provided by the signal analyzer, and the internal programmed program is inverted.
  • the inverter 5 outputs a signal, and the inverter 5 inputs a suitable sinusoidal alternating current to the stator winding 32 of the permanent magnet torque motor according to the instruction of the controller, thereby realizing closed-loop adjustment of the position and speed of the permanent magnet torque servo motor.
  • the iron core 1 includes a core yoke 11, a rotor core 12, and a permanent magnet groove 13, which is located at a peripheral surface of the core yoke 11 and is fixedly coupled thereto, the permanent magnet groove 13 It is located on the outer surface of the rotor core 12 and is connected to it by glue bonding, and the permanent magnet groove 13 is connected to the permanent magnet 2 by glue bonding.
  • the permanent magnet slot 13 is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, the permanent magnet 2 has the same shape as the permanent magnet slot 13, and the permanent magnet 2 has a smaller size than the permanent magnet. The size of the slot 13.
  • the permanent magnet slot 13 is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, and the end of the permanent magnet slot 13 near the rotor core 12 is a short semi-ellipsoid with a short axis, and the permanent magnet slot 13
  • the port is a semi-ellipsoid with a large minor axis. That is, the permanent magnet 13 has a hollow ellipsoidal groove which is small inside and outside.
  • the permanent magnet slots 13 may also be of other shapes, such as spherical, cuboid or other geometric shapes that are large inside and outside.
  • the irregular ellipsoidal permanent magnet groove 13 and the permanent magnet 2 with large inner and outer large diameters can concentrate the magnetic force through the long curved ellipsoid structure, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the magnet.
  • the magnetic field of the regular shape magnet has a uniform magnetic distribution, and the outer end has the same magnetic force as the inner end. However, due to its annular distribution, the total density of the inner end permanent magnet is greater than the total density of the outer end permanent magnet, thereby making the inner end permanent magnet utilization rate. Lower. This is avoided by using an irregular ellipsoid with an inner end dimension smaller than the outer end dimension.
  • the inner ellipsoid radius is smaller than the outer end ellipsoid radius, so that the magnetic density of the inner end and the outer end permanent magnet is equivalent, thereby saving cost. Improve the utilization of permanent magnets.
  • the number of the permanent magnets 2 is 36, and the 36 permanent magnets are fixed in the corresponding permanent magnet slots 13, and the 36 permanent magnets are equally spaced from each other.
  • the iron core 1 is composed of solid steel or a superposition of silicon steel sheets. Another in the present invention, the core 1 may also be composed of a ferromagnetic composite material.
  • the stator 3 is connected to a thermal protection device 31, and the thermal protection device 31, the coil portion of the stator 3, and the outer ring of the connection portion of the thermal protection device 31 and the stator 3 are provided with a plastic resin case 4, which is encapsulated.
  • the casing 4 is fixedly connected to the thermal protection device 31 and the stator 3, respectively.
  • the plastic encapsulated resin shell 4 is an epoxy phenolic resin molded resin shell. Epoxy phenolic resin has high epoxy content, high viscosity, high crosslink density of the product after curing, and its fiber reinforced plastic has good physical and mechanical properties. The heat resistance is higher than that of the E-type epoxy resin, and its corrosion resistance is stronger.
  • the stator 3 is fixedly mounted on the housing 6 of the rotor assembly composed of the iron core 1 and the permanent magnet 2 through a coil bobbin, and the coil winding of the stator 3 is wound on the bobbin.
  • the coil winding of the stator 3 is connected to the thermal protection device 31, and the thermal protection device 31 is connected with a lead wire insert, and the coil of the thermal protection device 31 and the stator 3 is sealed by a semi-plastic sealing method through a coil bobbin.
  • the winding and the connection portion of the thermal protection device 31 and the lead wire tab are completely molded in the plastic sealing resin case 4. At least a part of the surface of the remaining portion of the bobbin is exposed, and is not molded by the plastic resin case 4.
  • the portion on the casing 6 is also molded together in the resin case 4, so that the liquid can be better prevented from penetrating into the interior of the semi-molded stator coil.
  • the stator coil winding and the lead wire tab connection portion may also cover or cover the insulator, so that the connection portion is more effectively prevented from being oxidized and corroded.
  • the insulation may be an insulating glue, an insulating varnish or the like.
  • the molded resin case 4 of the present invention is formed by a process in which after winding the coil winding of the stator 3 on the bobbin, the desired mold is determined according to the portion to be molded, and the mold is placed in the casing 6
  • the coil bobbin is refilled with resin, and the resin is cooled and consolidated, and the mold is removed to form a plastic resin shell 4.
  • the winding can be prevented from being oxidized and corroded, and a good heat dissipation effect can be obtained.
  • the semi-plastic sealing method is formed by a conventional resin molding method such as pouring or spraying, the joint between the plastic sealing and the non-plastic sealing is usually left with a leak-tight gap.
  • the semi-plastic sealing method usually leaves such a fine gap between the molded and unsealed joints. This is basically unavoidable if no additional special treatments or steps are used. This phenomenon does not exist with a fully enclosed plastic seal.
  • the mold is removed after the resin is consolidated in the forming process, and in order to overcome the adhesion between the mold and the resin, a gap which is invisible to the naked eye is naturally generated at the joint portion. Usually this can only be judged by the fact that it is bubbled in water to see if bubbles are present.
  • an exhaust passage 61 is provided at a position where the surface layer of the outer casing 6 is connected to the plastic sealing resin case 4.
  • the forming method of the exhaust passage 61 is a conventionally known technique, for example, after the completion of the semi-molding process, a plurality of continuous or discontinuous exhaust passages 61 are cut at the joint by gas cutting or the like.
  • the exhaust passage 61 can achieve the phenomenon of dissipating heat and exhaust without causing backflow of liquid.
  • the resin material of the plastic resin shell 4 may also be a plastic or an epoxy resin, and a plastic seal is formed by a potting method or a molding method.
  • the starter motor can be connected to one end of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the starter motor is driven to start it to solve the problem of slow start.
  • a clutch is disposed between the starter motor and the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the starter motor can drive the permanent magnet synchronous motor to rotate through the clutch, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor can not affect the starter motor when rotating.
  • the starter motor and the clutch are interconnected by means of telescopic engagement. After the start is completed, the clutch does not rotate with the permanent magnet synchronous motor. At this time, the starter motor is turned off and the starter motor is taken out of the clutch through the telescopic device. When it is needed, the front end of the starter motor can be sent into the clutch through the telescopic device and meshed with it, thereby driving the clutch to rotate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising: an iron core (1), a stator (3) and a permanent magnet (2), wherein the iron core (1) and the permanent magnet (2)are fixedly connected, the stator (3) is located in the central position of the iron core (1), the iron core (1) comprises an iron core yoke (11), a rotor iron core pole (12) and a permanent magnet groove (13), the rotor iron core pole (12) is located on an outer peripheral surface of the iron core yoke (11) and is fixedly connected thereto, the permanent magnet groove (13) is located on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor iron core pole (12) and is fixedly connected thereto, the permanent magnet groove (13) is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet (2), the permanent magnet groove (13) is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet groove, the shape of the permanent magnet (2) is the same as that of the permanent magnet groove (13), and the size of the permanent magnet (2) is smaller than that of of the permanent magnet groove (13). The permanent magnet synchronous motor has a high material utilization rate and is not susceptible to corrosion or oxidation.

Description

一种永磁同步电动机Permanent magnet synchronous motor 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电机结构设计技术领域，尤其涉及一种永磁同步电动机。The invention relates to the technical field of motor structure design, and in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
背景技术Background technique
电机是指依据电磁感应定律实现电能转换或传递的一种电磁装置。电机包括多种类型。其中永磁同步电动机以其优越的性能被广泛使用。永磁同步电动机属于异步启动永磁同步电动机，通常，其磁场***由一个或多个永磁体组成，通常是在用铸铝或铜条焊接而成的笼型转子的内部，按所需的极数装镶有永磁体的磁极。定子结构与异步电动机类似。其工作原理是当定子绕组接通电源后，电动机以异步电动机原理起动动转，加速运转至同步转速时，由转子永磁磁场和定子磁场产生的同步电磁转矩，由转子永磁磁场产生的电磁转矩与定子磁场产生的磁阻转矩合成，将转子牵入同步，电动机进入同步运行。现有技术中的永磁同步电动机的材料利用率较低，并且其测速和信号输出装置结构复杂，可靠性差，成本高。并且现有技术中的永磁同步电动机的耐腐蚀氧化的性能较差。A motor is an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits electrical energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction. Motors come in a variety of types. Among them, permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used for their superior performance. A permanent magnet synchronous motor is an asynchronous start permanent magnet synchronous motor. Generally, its magnetic field system consists of one or more permanent magnets, usually inside a cage rotor welded with cast aluminum or copper strips, according to the required pole. A number of magnetic poles with permanent magnets are mounted. The stator structure is similar to an asynchronous motor. The working principle is that when the stator winding is turned on, the motor starts to rotate according to the principle of the asynchronous motor, and when the synchronous operation is started to the synchronous speed, the synchronous electromagnetic torque generated by the permanent magnet magnetic field and the stator magnetic field of the rotor is generated by the permanent magnet magnetic field of the rotor. The electromagnetic torque is combined with the reluctance torque generated by the stator magnetic field to synchronize the rotor and the motor enters synchronous operation. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of the prior art has low material utilization rate, and the speed measuring and signal output device structure is complicated, the reliability is poor, and the cost is high. Moreover, the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the prior art has poor corrosion resistance and oxidation performance.
例如中国专利105553143A公开的一种转子铁芯及具有其的永磁同步电机。转子铁芯，包括：铁芯本体，铁芯本体的外周壁上沿铁芯本体的轴向方向开设有凹槽，凹槽包括相连通的第一凹槽和第二凹槽，第一凹槽沿铁芯本体径向方向上的深度大于第二凹槽沿铁芯本体径向方向上的深度。第一凹槽处气隙最大，磁阻大，气隙磁密小，与定子齿槽作用力矩脉动减小，第一凹槽和第二凹槽的深度不同，通过第二凹槽过度，使得基波磁场增大而且更接近正弦，减小齿槽转矩，使得电机出力增大，谐波降低。该永磁同步电机的的铁芯材料利用率较低。For example, a rotor core disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 105553143A and a permanent magnet synchronous motor having the same are disclosed. The rotor core comprises: a core body; the outer peripheral wall of the core body is provided with a groove along an axial direction of the core body, the groove includes a first groove and a second groove communicating with each other, the first groove The depth in the radial direction of the core body is greater than the depth of the second groove in the radial direction of the core body. The first groove has the largest air gap, large magnetic resistance, small air gap magnetic density, and reduced torque pulsation with the stator cogging, and the depths of the first groove and the second groove are different, and the second groove is excessively passed. The fundamental magnetic field increases and is closer to sinusoidal, reducing cogging torque, resulting in increased motor output and reduced harmonics. The core material utilization rate of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is low.
又例如中国专利105429410A公开的一种永磁同步电机。该永磁同步电机包括转子，转子上设置有鼠笼，鼠笼上开设有鼠笼槽，鼠笼内侧开设有磁钢槽，磁钢槽内设置有磁钢，磁钢槽的第一端设置有弧形的第一隔磁气隙，第一隔磁气隙与鼠笼之间形成第一隔磁桥，第一隔磁气隙所占的圆周角度为(0.9～1.2)×360/n1度，其中α为相邻的两个鼠笼槽之间的圆周夹角的0.9至1.2倍，n1为转子导电条数量。该永磁同步电机的结构裸露，容易被腐蚀氧化。Further, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous motor disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 105429410A. The permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a rotor, a squirrel cage is arranged on the rotor, a squirrel cage groove is arranged on the squirrel cage, a magnetic steel groove is arranged on the inner side of the squirrel cage, a magnetic steel is arranged in the magnetic steel groove, and the first end of the magnetic steel groove is arranged An arc-shaped first magnetic gap is formed, and a first magnetic bridge is formed between the first magnetic gap and the squirrel cage, and the first magnetic gap forms a circumferential angle of (0.9-1.2)×360/n1 Degree, where α is 0.9 to 1.2 times the circumferential angle between two adjacent squirrel cages, and n1 is the number of rotor strips. The permanent magnet synchronous motor has a bare structure and is easily oxidized by corrosion.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为克服现有技术中存在的永磁同步电机的材料利用率低，容易被腐蚀氧化的 问题，本发明提供了一种永磁同步电动机。In order to overcome the low material utilization rate of the permanent magnet synchronous motor existing in the prior art, it is easy to be corroded and oxidized. Problem, the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
一种永磁同步电动机，包括铁芯、定子和永磁体，所述铁芯和永磁体固定连接，所述定子位于铁芯的中心位置，所述铁芯包括铁芯轭、转子铁芯极和永磁体槽，所述转子铁芯极位于铁芯轭的***表面并与其固定连接，所述永磁体槽位于转子铁芯极的外表面并与其固定连接，所述永磁体槽与永磁体固定连接，所述永磁体槽为不对称椭球形中空永磁体槽，所述永磁体的形状与永磁体槽相同，所述永磁体的尺寸小于永磁体槽的尺寸。A permanent magnet synchronous motor comprising a core, a stator and a permanent magnet, the iron core and the permanent magnet being fixedly connected, the stator being located at a central position of the iron core, the iron core comprising a core yoke, a rotor core pole and a permanent magnet slot, the rotor core is located at a peripheral surface of the core yoke and is fixedly connected thereto, and the permanent magnet slot is located at an outer surface of the rotor core and is fixedly connected thereto, and the permanent magnet slot is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet The permanent magnet slot is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, and the permanent magnet has the same shape as the permanent magnet slot, and the permanent magnet has a smaller size than the permanent magnet slot.
进一步的，所述永磁体槽为不对称椭球形中空永磁体槽，所述磁体槽靠近转子铁芯极的一端为短轴较短的半椭球形，所述磁体槽的端口为短轴较大的半椭球形。Further, the permanent magnet slot is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, and one end of the magnet slot near the rotor core is a short semi-ellipsoid with a short axis, and the port of the magnet slot is a short axis Semi-ellipsoidal shape.
进一步的，所述永磁体的个数为36个，36个所述永磁体固定在相应的永磁体槽内，36个所述永磁体相互之间的间隔相等。Further, the number of the permanent magnets is 36, and 36 of the permanent magnets are fixed in the corresponding permanent magnet slots, and the 36 permanent magnets are equally spaced from each other.
进一步的，所述铁芯由实心钢组成。Further, the iron core is composed of solid steel.
进一步的，所述铁芯由硅钢片叠加组成。Further, the iron core is composed of a silicon steel sheet superposed.
进一步的，所述铁芯由铁磁复合材料组成。Further, the iron core is composed of a ferromagnetic composite material.
进一步的，所述定子连接有热保护装置，所述热保护装置、定子的线圈部位和热保护装置与定子的连接部分的外圈设置有塑封树脂壳，所述塑封树脂壳分别与热保护装置和定子固定连接。Further, the stator is connected with a thermal protection device, and the outer ring of the thermal protection device, the coil portion of the stator and the connecting portion of the thermal protection device and the stator is provided with a plastic sealing resin shell, and the plastic sealing resin shell and the thermal protection device respectively Fixed connection to the stator.
进一步的，所述塑封树脂壳为环氧酚醛树脂塑封树脂壳。Further, the plastic sealing resin shell is an epoxy phenolic resin plastic resin shell.
进一步的，所述铁芯和定子连接有逆变器，所述逆变器的2个接线柱分别与铁芯和定子通过电连接。Further, the iron core and the stator are connected with an inverter, and the two terminals of the inverter are respectively electrically connected to the iron core and the stator.
进一步的，所述逆变器由第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管、第四开关管、第一二极管、第二二极管、第一电容器、第二电容器、第三电容器和第四电容器组成；第一电容器、第二电容器、第三电容器和第四电容器与第三开关管和第四开关管并联连接，第一开关管与第二二极管相连接，并且另一端与控制装置连接置于回路中；所述第二开关管与第一二极管相连接，并与第一开关管与第二二极管形成并联电路。Further, the inverter includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a first diode, a second diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor, and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel with the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube, the first switch tube is connected to the second diode, and The other end is connected to the control device and placed in the circuit; the second switch tube is connected to the first diode and forms a parallel circuit with the first switch tube and the second diode.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是： Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明通过将永磁体槽设置为不对称的椭球形状，采用内小外大的结构，使得固定在其中的永磁铁的磁性通过向中心集中的形式集中，使得永磁体的性能利用率达到最佳。(1) The present invention adopts a structure in which an permanent spheroidal shape is set to an asymmetrical ellipsoid shape, and a magnetic structure of a permanent magnet fixed therein is concentrated in a form concentrated toward the center, so that the performance of the permanent magnet is utilized. The rate is at its best.
(2)本发明通过设置环氧酚醛树脂塑封树脂壳提高了永磁同步电动机的密封性，并且采用为环氧酚醛树脂制作塑封树脂壳，其耐腐蚀、耐氧化性强。(2) The invention improves the sealing property of the permanent magnet synchronous motor by providing an epoxy phenolic resin plastic sealing resin shell, and adopts a plastic resin resin shell made of epoxy phenolic resin, which has strong corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.
(3)本发明通过设置逆变器能够将直流电能转变为交流电能，使得永磁同步电动机的适用性增强，并且本发明中的逆变器使用过程中共模电压基本不变，不会产生共模漏电流，安全性强，稳定性高。(3) The present invention can convert DC power into AC power by setting an inverter, so that the applicability of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is enhanced, and the common mode voltage is substantially unchanged during the use of the inverter in the present invention, and does not generate a total Mode leakage current, high security and high stability.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明的整体结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
图2是本发明的逆变器的结构示意图。2 is a schematic structural view of an inverter of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
如图1和图2所示，本具体实施方式披露了一种永磁同步电动机，包括铁芯1、定子3和永磁体2，所述铁芯1和永磁体2固定连接，所述定子3位于铁芯1的中心位置。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the present embodiment discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor including an iron core 1, a stator 3 and a permanent magnet 2, and the iron core 1 and the permanent magnet 2 are fixedly connected, and the stator 3 is fixed. Located in the center of the core 1.
优选的，本具体实施例中的永磁同步电动机还包括外壳6，外壳6内腔周围装有定子3，定子3由若干段定子块31环绕而成，并且定子块31为弧形定子块，各定子块31由若干相同的铁芯冲片叠层而成，各定子块31上的磁极上绕有定子绕组32。铁芯1位于外壳6的中央位置，铁芯1和永磁体2构成转子。定子3通电后产生的磁场驱动所述永磁体转子转动，从而带动与所述永磁体转子同轴设置的叶轮转动。优选的，所述定子3的线圈绕组采用铜包铝漆包线，在本发明的另一个实施中其还可以是铜包铝镁漆包线或铝漆包线制成。采用铜包铝漆包线能够有效的提升线圈绕组的性能。铜包铝漆包线的优点包括：铜包铝线的直流电阻率约为纯铜线的1.45倍，阻值相同时，铜包铝线重量约为纯铜线的1/2；铜包铝线由于其表面同心的包覆了一层纯铜,因此具有跟纯铜线一样的可钎焊性，而不必像铝线那样做特殊处理，同时，铜包铝线具有较厚的铜层，确保在刮漆时不会影响产品焊锡性能；铜包铝线密度是相同线径的纯铜线的1/2.5，对降低线圈 的重量十分有效；使用神州铜包铝线替代铜线，至少可节省30％以上的成本。然而，铜包铝漆包线容易被氧化，在本具体实施例中为防止其发生受热氧化，其中采用改性的铜包铝材料进行制作。具体的，采用掺杂硅烷和钛酸的铜粉与铝粉进行混合烧结成铜包铝漆包线。采用硅烷和钛酸进行掺杂能够有效的防止铜表面的氧化，从而延长线圈绕组的使用寿命。Preferably, the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the embodiment further includes a casing 6 surrounded by a stator 3 surrounded by a plurality of stator blocks 31, and the stator block 31 is an arc-shaped stator block. Each of the stator blocks 31 is formed by laminating a plurality of identical core sheets, and stator windings 32 are wound around the magnetic poles of the stator blocks 31. The iron core 1 is located at a central position of the outer casing 6, and the iron core 1 and the permanent magnet 2 constitute a rotor. The magnetic field generated after the stator 3 is energized drives the permanent magnet rotor to rotate, thereby driving the impeller disposed coaxially with the permanent magnet rotor to rotate. Preferably, the coil winding of the stator 3 is made of a copper-clad aluminum enamel wire, and in another embodiment of the invention, it may also be made of a copper-clad aluminum-magnesium enamel wire or an aluminum enamel wire. The use of copper-clad aluminum enameled wire can effectively improve the performance of the coil winding. The advantages of copper-clad aluminum enameled wire include: the DC resistivity of copper-clad aluminum wire is about 1.45 times that of pure copper wire. When the resistance value is the same, the weight of copper-clad aluminum wire is about 1/2 of that of pure copper wire; The surface is concentrically coated with a layer of pure copper, so it has the same brazability as pure copper wire, and does not have to be specially treated like aluminum wire. At the same time, the copper clad aluminum wire has a thick copper layer, ensuring The paint soldering performance will not be affected when the paint is scraped; the copper clad aluminum wire density is 1/2.5 of the pure copper wire of the same wire diameter, and the coil is reduced. The weight is very effective; replacing the copper wire with a Chinese copper clad aluminum wire can save at least 30% of the cost. However, the copper clad aluminum enameled wire is easily oxidized, and in the present embodiment, in order to prevent it from undergoing thermal oxidation, a modified copper clad aluminum material is used for the production. Specifically, the copper powder doped with silane and titanic acid is mixed with aluminum powder to form a copper-clad aluminum enamel wire. Doping with silane and titanic acid can effectively prevent oxidation of the copper surface, thereby prolonging the service life of the coil winding.
优选的，采用掺杂硅烷和钛酸的铜粉的具体组成包括质量分数为1％的硅烷，质量分数为1％的钛酸，余量为铜粉。虽然硅烷和钛酸能够有效的防止铜的氧化，然而过量的硅烷和钛酸会影响其本身的特性从而影响线圈绕组的性能。Preferably, the specific composition of the copper powder doped with silane and titanic acid comprises silane having a mass fraction of 1%, titanic acid having a mass fraction of 1%, and the balance being copper powder. Although silane and titanic acid are effective in preventing oxidation of copper, excessive silane and titanic acid affect their properties and affect the performance of the coil winding.
优选的，铁芯1还可以连接旋转变压器，并通过旋转变压器与控制装置相连接，使用过程中通过旋转变压器了解电动机的工作状态即转速和工作电流等。在本发明的另一个实施例中，控制装置还可以包括与整流器相连的逆变器5。在本发明的另一个实例中的逆变器5的2个接线柱分别与铁芯1和定子3通过电连接。具体的，所述逆变器5由第一开关管501、第二开关管502、第三开关管503、第四开关管504、第一二极管505、第二二极管506、第一电容器507、第二电容器508、第三电容器509和第四电容器510组成。其中，第一电容器507、第二电容器508、第三电容器509和第四电容器510与第三开关管503和第四开关管504并联连接，第一开关管501与第二二极管506相连接，并且另一端与控制装置连接置于回路中。第二开关管502与第一二极管505相连接，并与第一开关管501与第二二极管506形成并联电路。当电动机输出或者输入的电压处于正半周期，第二开关管502、第四开关管504保持关断，第一开关管501一直开通，第三开关管503按正弦规律进行高频开关。在电网电压的负半周期，第一开关管501、第三开关管503保持关断，第二开关管一直开通，第四开关管按正弦规律进行高频开关。Preferably, the iron core 1 can also be connected to a rotary transformer and connected to the control device through a rotary transformer. During use, the working state of the motor, that is, the rotational speed and the operating current, can be known through a rotary transformer. In another embodiment of the invention, the control device may further comprise an inverter 5 connected to the rectifier. In the other example of the present invention, the two terminals of the inverter 5 are electrically connected to the core 1 and the stator 3, respectively. Specifically, the inverter 5 is composed of a first switch tube 501, a second switch tube 502, a third switch tube 503, a fourth switch tube 504, a first diode 505, a second diode 506, and a first The capacitor 507, the second capacitor 508, the third capacitor 509, and the fourth capacitor 510 are composed. The first capacitor 507, the second capacitor 508, the third capacitor 509, and the fourth capacitor 510 are connected in parallel with the third switch tube 503 and the fourth switch tube 504, and the first switch tube 501 is connected to the second diode 506. And the other end is connected to the control device and placed in the loop. The second switch 502 is connected to the first diode 505 and forms a parallel circuit with the first switch 501 and the second diode 506. When the output or input voltage of the motor is in the positive half cycle, the second switch tube 502 and the fourth switch tube 504 remain turned off, the first switch tube 501 is always turned on, and the third switch tube 503 performs high frequency switch according to a sinusoidal law. During the negative half cycle of the grid voltage, the first switch tube 501 and the third switch tube 503 remain turned off, the second switch tube is always turned on, and the fourth switch tube performs high frequency switching according to a sinusoidal law.
此外，在本发明的另一个实施例中，逆变器5还可以设置有电流电压检测装置、控制器、信号解析器，逆变器5分别与控制器、电流电压检测装置连接，电流电压检测装置还与控制器连接，控制器还与信号解析器连接，信号解析器与旋转变压器连接。所述的逆变器5是能将直流电压变为电压脉冲序列进而处理成电机所需的交流电压的器件。所述的控制器是能根据需要控制逆变器输出的电压脉冲宽度和脉冲序列的周期以达到变压变频目的的器件。 In addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, the inverter 5 may further be provided with a current voltage detecting device, a controller, and a signal analyzer. The inverter 5 is respectively connected to the controller and the current voltage detecting device, and the current voltage is detected. The device is also coupled to the controller, the controller is also coupled to the signal resolver, and the signal resolver is coupled to the resolver. The inverter 5 is a device capable of converting a DC voltage into a voltage pulse sequence and processing it into an AC voltage required for the motor. The controller is a device capable of controlling the voltage pulse width of the inverter output and the period of the pulse sequence as needed to achieve the purpose of voltage conversion and frequency conversion.
此外，定子3由四段定子块31环绕而成。当永磁力矩伺服电机运行时，三相交流电经整流器向逆变器5输送直流电，经逆变器5向电流电压检测器、永磁力矩伺服电机提供变频电源，永磁力矩伺服电机上转轴旋转，电流电压检测装置将检测的电流电压信号反馈给控制器，与此同时，装在转轴上旋转变压器检测出永磁力矩伺服电机的转轴的转角信号，向信号解析器输送转轴的转角信号，信号解析器此信号增强放大并转换后向控制器输送，控制器根据信号解析器提供的转轴转角位置信号和电流电压检测装置提供的电机输入的电压电流反馈信号，由内部编好的程式向逆变器5输出寸旨令信号，逆变器5根据控制器的指令向永磁力矩电机的定子绕组32输入合适的正弦交流电，实现对永磁力矩伺服电机转角位置和速度的闭环调节。Further, the stator 3 is surrounded by four stator blocks 31. When the permanent magnet torque servo motor is running, the three-phase alternating current is supplied with direct current to the inverter 5 via the rectifier, and the variable frequency power is supplied to the current voltage detector and the permanent magnet torque servo motor via the inverter 5, and the permanent magnet torque servo motor rotates on the rotating shaft. The current/voltage detecting device feeds back the detected current voltage signal to the controller. At the same time, the rotary transformer mounted on the rotating shaft detects the rotation angle signal of the rotating shaft of the permanent magnet torque servo motor, and transmits the rotation angle signal of the rotating shaft to the signal analyzer, and the signal The signal is amplified and converted by the resolver and sent to the controller. The controller converts the voltage and current feedback signals of the motor input provided by the signal resolver according to the shaft angle position signal provided by the signal analyzer, and the internal programmed program is inverted. The inverter 5 outputs a signal, and the inverter 5 inputs a suitable sinusoidal alternating current to the stator winding 32 of the permanent magnet torque motor according to the instruction of the controller, thereby realizing closed-loop adjustment of the position and speed of the permanent magnet torque servo motor.
此外，所述铁芯1包括铁芯轭11、转子铁芯极12和永磁体槽13，所述转子铁芯极12位于铁芯轭11的***表面并与其固定连接，所述永磁体槽13位于转子铁芯极12的外表面并与其通过胶水粘接的方式连接，所述永磁体槽13与永磁体2通过胶水粘接的方式连接。优选的，在本具体实施例中，所述永磁体槽13为不对称椭球形中空永磁体槽，所述永磁体2的形状与永磁体槽13相同，所述永磁体2的尺寸小于永磁体槽13的尺寸。优选的，所述永磁体槽13为不对称椭球形中空永磁体槽，所述永磁体槽13靠近转子铁芯极12的一端为短轴较短的半椭球形，所述永磁体槽13的端口为短轴较大的半椭球形。即永磁体13呈内小外大的中空椭球形槽。在本发明的另一实例中，永磁体槽13还可以是其他形状，例如内小外大的球形，长方体形或者其他几何形状。采用内小外大的不规则椭球形的永磁体槽13和永磁体2，通过长弧形的椭球结构能够使得磁力度集中，从而有效的提高磁体的利用率。规则形状的磁体的磁场分布均匀，外端的磁力度与内端相等，然而由于其采用环形分布的方式，内端的永磁体的总密度大于外端的永磁体总密度，从而使得内端永磁体利用率较低。而采用内端尺寸小于外端尺寸的不规则椭球形则可以避免这种情况，内端的椭球半径小于外端的椭球半径，从而使得内端和外端的永磁体的磁密度相当，从而节约成本，提高永磁体的利用率。Further, the iron core 1 includes a core yoke 11, a rotor core 12, and a permanent magnet groove 13, which is located at a peripheral surface of the core yoke 11 and is fixedly coupled thereto, the permanent magnet groove 13 It is located on the outer surface of the rotor core 12 and is connected to it by glue bonding, and the permanent magnet groove 13 is connected to the permanent magnet 2 by glue bonding. Preferably, in the specific embodiment, the permanent magnet slot 13 is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, the permanent magnet 2 has the same shape as the permanent magnet slot 13, and the permanent magnet 2 has a smaller size than the permanent magnet. The size of the slot 13. Preferably, the permanent magnet slot 13 is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, and the end of the permanent magnet slot 13 near the rotor core 12 is a short semi-ellipsoid with a short axis, and the permanent magnet slot 13 The port is a semi-ellipsoid with a large minor axis. That is, the permanent magnet 13 has a hollow ellipsoidal groove which is small inside and outside. In another example of the present invention, the permanent magnet slots 13 may also be of other shapes, such as spherical, cuboid or other geometric shapes that are large inside and outside. The irregular ellipsoidal permanent magnet groove 13 and the permanent magnet 2 with large inner and outer large diameters can concentrate the magnetic force through the long curved ellipsoid structure, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the magnet. The magnetic field of the regular shape magnet has a uniform magnetic distribution, and the outer end has the same magnetic force as the inner end. However, due to its annular distribution, the total density of the inner end permanent magnet is greater than the total density of the outer end permanent magnet, thereby making the inner end permanent magnet utilization rate. Lower. This is avoided by using an irregular ellipsoid with an inner end dimension smaller than the outer end dimension. The inner ellipsoid radius is smaller than the outer end ellipsoid radius, so that the magnetic density of the inner end and the outer end permanent magnet is equivalent, thereby saving cost. Improve the utilization of permanent magnets.
优选的，所述永磁体2的个数为36个，所述36个永磁体固定在相应的永磁体槽13内，所述36个永磁体相互之间的间隔相等。Preferably, the number of the permanent magnets 2 is 36, and the 36 permanent magnets are fixed in the corresponding permanent magnet slots 13, and the 36 permanent magnets are equally spaced from each other.
优选的，所述铁芯1由实心钢组成或者硅钢片叠加组成。在本发明的另一个 实施例中，铁芯1还可以由铁磁复合材料组成。Preferably, the iron core 1 is composed of solid steel or a superposition of silicon steel sheets. Another in the present invention In an embodiment, the core 1 may also be composed of a ferromagnetic composite material.
此外，所述定子3连接有热保护装置31，所述热保护装置31、定子3的线圈部位和热保护装置31与定子3的连接部分的外圈设置有塑封树脂壳4，所述塑封树脂壳4分别与热保护装置31和定子3固定连接。优选的，所述塑封树脂壳4为环氧酚醛树脂塑封树脂壳。环氧酚醛树脂的环氧基含量高，黏度较大，固化后产物交联密度高，其纤维增强塑料具有良好的物理机械性能。耐热性高于E型环氧树脂，其耐腐蚀性更强。Further, the stator 3 is connected to a thermal protection device 31, and the thermal protection device 31, the coil portion of the stator 3, and the outer ring of the connection portion of the thermal protection device 31 and the stator 3 are provided with a plastic resin case 4, which is encapsulated. The casing 4 is fixedly connected to the thermal protection device 31 and the stator 3, respectively. Preferably, the plastic encapsulated resin shell 4 is an epoxy phenolic resin molded resin shell. Epoxy phenolic resin has high epoxy content, high viscosity, high crosslink density of the product after curing, and its fiber reinforced plastic has good physical and mechanical properties. The heat resistance is higher than that of the E-type epoxy resin, and its corrosion resistance is stronger.
优选的，在本具体实施例中，定子3通过线圈骨架固定安装在铁芯1和永磁铁2组成的转子组件的壳体6上，所述定子3的线圈绕组缠绕于所述线圈骨架上，所述定子3的线圈绕组接所述热保护装置31，所述热保护装置31连接有引出线插片，通过线圈骨架采用半塑封密封方式将所述热保护装置31、所述定子3的线圈绕组及所述热保护装置31与所述引出线插片连接部位完全塑封在塑封树脂壳4中。而所述线圈骨架的其余部分的至少一部分表面裸露，未被塑封树脂壳4塑封。进一步优选的，壳体6上的部分也被一同塑封在了树脂壳4内，这样能够更好地保证液体不会渗入半塑封的定子线圈内部。在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述定子线圈绕组与所述引出线插片连接部位还可以覆盖或包覆绝缘物，使其能够更有效避免连接接部位被氧化和腐蚀。所述绝缘物可以是绝缘胶、绝缘漆等等。Preferably, in the specific embodiment, the stator 3 is fixedly mounted on the housing 6 of the rotor assembly composed of the iron core 1 and the permanent magnet 2 through a coil bobbin, and the coil winding of the stator 3 is wound on the bobbin. The coil winding of the stator 3 is connected to the thermal protection device 31, and the thermal protection device 31 is connected with a lead wire insert, and the coil of the thermal protection device 31 and the stator 3 is sealed by a semi-plastic sealing method through a coil bobbin. The winding and the connection portion of the thermal protection device 31 and the lead wire tab are completely molded in the plastic sealing resin case 4. At least a part of the surface of the remaining portion of the bobbin is exposed, and is not molded by the plastic resin case 4. Further preferably, the portion on the casing 6 is also molded together in the resin case 4, so that the liquid can be better prevented from penetrating into the interior of the semi-molded stator coil. In another embodiment of the present invention, the stator coil winding and the lead wire tab connection portion may also cover or cover the insulator, so that the connection portion is more effectively prevented from being oxidized and corroded. The insulation may be an insulating glue, an insulating varnish or the like.
本发明的塑封树脂壳4是通过这样的过程成型的，在所述线圈骨架上缠绕定子3的线圈绕组后，根据要塑封的部位确定所需的模具，通过将模具放入壳体6内包围线圈骨架，再灌注树脂，树脂冷却固结后取走模具即形成塑封树脂壳4。通过塑封树脂壳4将绕组塑封于绕圈骨架上可以防止绕组被氧化和腐蚀，又能获得很好散热效果。由于采用常规的灌注或喷射等树脂成型方法形成半塑封的密封方式，塑封与不塑封昀接合部位通常都会留下密封不严的缝隙。而半塑封方法，通常也会在塑封与不塑封的接合部位留下这种细微的缝隙。如果不采用额外特殊的处理工艺或步骤，则基本无法避免这种现象。而采用全封闭塑封的方式则不会存在这种现象。例如本发明中塑封树脂壳4在成形过程中，在树脂固结后取走模具，为克服模具与树脂之间的粘连力自然而然地在该接合部位会产生一些肉眼无法察觉的缝隙。通常这只能通过将其泡在水中观察是否产生气泡来判断是否存在这种缝隙。 The molded resin case 4 of the present invention is formed by a process in which after winding the coil winding of the stator 3 on the bobbin, the desired mold is determined according to the portion to be molded, and the mold is placed in the casing 6 The coil bobbin is refilled with resin, and the resin is cooled and consolidated, and the mold is removed to form a plastic resin shell 4. By winding the winding on the winding frame by molding the resin case 4, the winding can be prevented from being oxidized and corroded, and a good heat dissipation effect can be obtained. Since the semi-plastic sealing method is formed by a conventional resin molding method such as pouring or spraying, the joint between the plastic sealing and the non-plastic sealing is usually left with a leak-tight gap. The semi-plastic sealing method usually leaves such a fine gap between the molded and unsealed joints. This is basically unavoidable if no additional special treatments or steps are used. This phenomenon does not exist with a fully enclosed plastic seal. For example, in the molding resin case 4 of the present invention, the mold is removed after the resin is consolidated in the forming process, and in order to overcome the adhesion between the mold and the resin, a gap which is invisible to the naked eye is naturally generated at the joint portion. Usually this can only be judged by the fact that it is bubbled in water to see if bubbles are present.
进一步优选的，为了使散热效果更加明显，所述外壳6的表层与塑封树脂壳4连接的位置设置有一条排气通道61。排气通道61成型方法为现有的公知技术，例如在半塑封工艺完成后，通过气割等方式进一步在该接合部位切割出连续或不连续的多条所述排气通道61。排气通道61能够实现散热排气的同时而不会使得发生倒流液体的现象。Further preferably, in order to make the heat dissipation effect more conspicuous, an exhaust passage 61 is provided at a position where the surface layer of the outer casing 6 is connected to the plastic sealing resin case 4. The forming method of the exhaust passage 61 is a conventionally known technique, for example, after the completion of the semi-molding process, a plurality of continuous or discontinuous exhaust passages 61 are cut at the joint by gas cutting or the like. The exhaust passage 61 can achieve the phenomenon of dissipating heat and exhaust without causing backflow of liquid.
优选的，在本发明的另一个实施例中，塑封树脂壳4的树脂材料还可以是塑料或环氧树脂，采用灌注法或模塑法形成塑封。Preferably, in another embodiment of the present invention, the resin material of the plastic resin shell 4 may also be a plastic or an epoxy resin, and a plastic seal is formed by a potting method or a molding method.
为确保永磁同步电动机能够迅速顺利的起动，在本发明的另一个实施例中，可以在永磁同步电动机的一端连接起动电机，通过起动电机带动其起动从而解决其起动慢的问题。优选的，起动电机和永磁同步电动机之间设置有离合器，起动电机能够通过离合器带动永磁同步电动机转动，而永磁同步电动机转动时不能影响到起动电机。进一步优选的，起动电机与离合器之间通过伸缩卡合的方式的相互连接，起动完成后离合器不会随着永磁同步电机转动，此时关闭起动电机通过伸缩装置将起动电机退出离合器。而需要使用时则可以通过伸缩装置将起动电机的前端送入离合器中，并与其啮合，从而实现带动离合器转动。In order to ensure that the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be started quickly and smoothly, in another embodiment of the present invention, the starter motor can be connected to one end of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the starter motor is driven to start it to solve the problem of slow start. Preferably, a clutch is disposed between the starter motor and the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the starter motor can drive the permanent magnet synchronous motor to rotate through the clutch, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor can not affect the starter motor when rotating. Further preferably, the starter motor and the clutch are interconnected by means of telescopic engagement. After the start is completed, the clutch does not rotate with the permanent magnet synchronous motor. At this time, the starter motor is turned off and the starter motor is taken out of the clutch through the telescopic device. When it is needed, the front end of the starter motor can be sent into the clutch through the telescopic device and meshed with it, thereby driving the clutch to rotate.
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的优选实施例，如前所述，应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式，不应看作是对其他实施例的排除，而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境，并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内，通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围，则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。 The above description shows and describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As described above, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be construed as being Combinations, modifications, and environments are possible, and can be modified by the teachings of the above teachings or related art within the scope of the inventive concept described herein. All changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种永磁同步电动机，包括铁芯(1)、定子(3)和永磁体(2)，所述铁芯(1)和永磁体(2)固定连接，所述定子(3)位于铁芯(1)的中心位置，其特征在于：所述铁芯(1)包括铁芯轭(11)、转子铁芯极(12)和永磁体槽(13)，所述转子铁芯极(12)位于铁芯轭(11)的***表面并与其固定连接，所述永磁体槽(13)位于转子铁芯极(12)的外表面并与其固定连接，所述永磁体槽(13)与永磁体(2)固定连接，所述永磁体槽(13)为不对称椭球形中空永磁体槽，所述永磁体(2)的形状与永磁体槽(13)相同，所述永磁体(2)的尺寸小于永磁体槽(13)的尺寸。A permanent magnet synchronous motor comprising a core (1), a stator (3) and a permanent magnet (2), the iron core (1) and the permanent magnet (2) are fixedly connected, and the stator (3) is located at the iron core a central position of (1), characterized in that the core (1) comprises a core yoke (11), a rotor core (12) and a permanent magnet slot (13), the rotor core (12) Located at a peripheral surface of the core yoke (11) and fixedly connected thereto, the permanent magnet slot (13) is located at an outer surface of the rotor core (12) and is fixedly connected thereto, the permanent magnet slot (13) and the permanent magnet (2) a fixed connection, the permanent magnet slot (13) being an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, the permanent magnet (2) having the same shape as the permanent magnet slot (13), the permanent magnet (2) The size is smaller than the size of the permanent magnet groove (13).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁同步电动机，其特征在于：所述永磁体槽(13)为不对称椭球形中空永磁体槽，所述磁体槽(13)靠近转子铁芯极(12)的一端为短轴较短的半椭球形，所述磁体槽(13)的端口为短轴较大的半椭球形。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet slot (13) is an asymmetric ellipsoidal hollow permanent magnet slot, and said magnet slot (13) is adjacent to a rotor core (12) One end is a semi-ellipsoid with a short axis, and the port of the magnet groove (13) is a semi-ellipsoid with a large minor axis.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁同步电动机，其特征在于：所述永磁体(2)的个数为36个，36个所述永磁体固定在相应的永磁体槽(13)内，36个所述永磁体相互之间的间隔相等。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the permanent magnets (36) is 36, and 36 of the permanent magnets are fixed in the corresponding permanent magnet slots (13). The 36 permanent magnets are equally spaced from each other.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁体同步电动机，其特征在于：所述铁芯(1)由实心钢组成。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein said core (1) is composed of solid steel.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁体同步电动机，其特征在于：所述铁芯(1)由硅钢片叠加组成。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that said iron core (1) is composed of a superposition of silicon steel sheets.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁体同步电动机，其特征在于：所述铁芯(1)由铁磁复合材料组成。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein said core (1) is composed of a ferromagnetic composite material.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁体同步电动机，其特征在于：所述定子(3)连接有热保护装置(31)，所述热保护装置(31)、定子(3)的线圈部位和热保护装置(31)与定子(3)的连接部分的外圈设置有塑封树脂壳(4)，所述塑封树脂壳(4)分别与热保护装置(31)和定子(3)固定连接。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein said stator (3) is connected with a thermal protection device (31), said thermal protection device (31), a coil portion of the stator (3), and The outer ring of the connecting portion of the thermal protection device (31) and the stator (3) is provided with a plastic sealing resin case (4), which is fixedly connected to the thermal protection device (31) and the stator (3), respectively.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种永磁体同步电动机，其特征在于：所述塑封树脂壳(4)为环氧酚醛树脂塑封树脂壳。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 7, wherein said plastic encapsulated resin shell (4) is an epoxy phenolic resin molded resin shell.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁体同步电动机，其特征在于：所述铁芯(1)和定子(3)连接有逆变器(5)，所述逆变器(5)的2个接线柱分别与铁芯(1) 和定子(3)通过电连接。A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the iron core (1) and the stator (3) are connected to an inverter (5), and two of the inverters (5) Terminals and iron cores (1) And the stator (3) is electrically connected.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种永磁体同步电动机，其特征在于：所述逆变器(5)由第一开关管(501)、第二开关管(502)、第三开关管(503)、第四开关管(504)、第一二极管(505)、第二二极管(506)、第一电容器(507)、第二电容器(508)、第三电容器(509)和第四电容器(510)组成；第一电容器(507)、第二电容器(508)、第三电容器(509)和第四电容器(510)与第三开关管(503)和第四开关管(504)并联连接，第一开关管(501)与第二二极管(506)相连接，并且另一端与控制装置连接置于回路中；第二开关管(502)与第一二极管(505)相连接，并与第一开关管(501)与第二二极管(506)形成并联电路。 A permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 9, wherein said inverter (5) is composed of a first switching tube (501), a second switching tube (502), and a third switching tube (503). a fourth switch tube (504), a first diode (505), a second diode (506), a first capacitor (507), a second capacitor (508), a third capacitor (509), and a fourth The capacitor (510) is composed; the first capacitor (507), the second capacitor (508), the third capacitor (509), and the fourth capacitor (510) are connected in parallel with the third switching transistor (503) and the fourth switching transistor (504) Connected, the first switch tube (501) is connected to the second diode (506), and the other end is connected to the control device and placed in the loop; the second switch tube (502) is connected to the first diode (505) Connected and formed a parallel circuit with the first switching transistor (501) and the second diode (506).
PCT/CN2016/106671 2016-05-24 2016-11-21 Permanent magnet synchronous motor WO2017201991A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105871144A (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-08-17 海安县申菱电器制造有限公司 Permanent-magnet synchronous motor
CN109888959B (en) * 2019-03-19 2024-05-28 苏州欧比特机械有限公司 Outer rotor structure of outer rotor permanent magnet motor

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CN1950984A (en) * 2004-05-13 2007-04-18 株式会社东芝 Rotor core of rotating electric machine and method of manufacturing the same
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CN104659996A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-05-27 江西理工大学 Magnetic leakage type mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor
CN105871144A (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-08-17 海安县申菱电器制造有限公司 Permanent-magnet synchronous motor
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CN2615956Y (en) * 2003-03-28 2004-05-12 张朝纲 Permasyn motor
KR20050024534A (en) * 2003-09-03 2005-03-10 엘지전자 주식회사 Rotor of outer rotor type single-phase induction electric motor
CN1950984A (en) * 2004-05-13 2007-04-18 株式会社东芝 Rotor core of rotating electric machine and method of manufacturing the same
CN101621225A (en) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-06 商庆元 Externally-embedded high-efficiency plastic package motor
CN202918078U (en) * 2012-12-03 2013-05-01 浙江泰达微电机有限公司 Shaded pole motor one-piece punching sheet
CN104659996A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-05-27 江西理工大学 Magnetic leakage type mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor
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CN205753906U (en) * 2016-05-24 2016-11-30 海安县申菱电器制造有限公司 A kind of permasyn morot

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