WO2017193341A1 - 一种随机接入方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种随机接入方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017193341A1
WO2017193341A1 PCT/CN2016/081903 CN2016081903W WO2017193341A1 WO 2017193341 A1 WO2017193341 A1 WO 2017193341A1 CN 2016081903 W CN2016081903 W CN 2016081903W WO 2017193341 A1 WO2017193341 A1 WO 2017193341A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rar
time window
prach
base station
terminal
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/081903
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晓翠
徐凯
张莉莉
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to US16/099,381 priority Critical patent/US20190200391A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/081903 priority patent/WO2017193341A1/zh
Priority to CN201680080612.3A priority patent/CN108702788B/zh
Publication of WO2017193341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017193341A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a random access method and apparatus.
  • the spectrum used by wireless communication systems can be divided into two categories, including licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum.
  • licensed spectrum For commercial mobile communication systems, operators need to obtain licensed spectrum through auction and use the licensed spectrum obtained through auction to carry out mobile communication operations.
  • the non-authorized spectrum does not require an auction, and anyone can legally use these bands, such as WiFi devices used in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.
  • LAA-LTE Lens-Assisted Access Using Long Term Evolution
  • LBT uses channel resources, wherein LBT is a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) technology.
  • CSMA carrier sense multiple access
  • the physical random access channel plays a very important role in the random access process of the terminal (User Equipment, UE). If it is successful, it cannot send uplink data in time, and perform Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) detection.
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a random access method and device for increasing the chance of PRACH access.
  • a random access method includes:
  • the terminal preempts an unlicensed carrier configured with a PRACH resource
  • the terminal performs PRACH access on the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource before the PRACH time window size is exceeded.
  • the success rate of the PRACH access is greatly improved by configuring the PRACH time window.
  • the terminal performs PRACH access on the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource before the PRACH time window size is exceeded, including:
  • the terminal accesses the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource before exceeding the PRACH time window size, and detects the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window;
  • the terminal sends a preamble preamble to the base station on the detected first PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of the PRACH resource and/or time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window;
  • the detecting, by the terminal, the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window includes:
  • the terminal detects the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window according to the configuration rule of the PRACH resource and/or the time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in a frequency domain.
  • the terminal receives the PRACH time window information notified by the base station by using a radio resource control protocol (RRC) signaling or by using a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) signaling.
  • RRC radio resource control protocol
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • the terminal preempts the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource, including:
  • the terminal uses the preset channel access mode to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource;
  • the terminal preempts the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource by using the Category-4 channel access mode.
  • the fast channel access mode proposed in the embodiment of the present invention saves the process of LBT preempting the channel, and increases the probability of successful PRACH access.
  • the method further includes:
  • the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, a latest size of the RAR time window, and a subframe offset of the RAR time window.
  • the terminal receives the RAR time window message sent by the base station by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention increases the success rate of the base station preempting the channel and increases the success rate of the terminal PRACH access.
  • the terminal after the terminal sends the preamble to the base station on the first PRACH resource that is detected, before receiving the RAR sent by the base station, the terminal further includes:
  • the terminal receives the first indication information that is sent by the base station by using the authorized carrier, where the first indication information is used to notify the base station that the base station preempts the unlicensed carrier used to send the RAR.
  • the method further includes:
  • the terminal can notify the base station of the status of its own random access success in time.
  • the method further includes:
  • the terminal determines, according to the RAR time window message, that the RAR sent by the base station is not received, and receives the second indication information that is sent by the base station by using the authorized carrier, The transmission power is kept unchanged the next time the Preamble is sent;
  • the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, a latest size of the RAR time window, a subframe offset of the RAR time window, and the second indication
  • the information is used to notify the terminal that the base station does not preempt the unlicensed carrier used to send the RAR.
  • the base station can notify the terminal whether the base station is not preemptive for transmitting the RAR unlicensed carrier, and the terminal does not need to improve the power of the next transmission of the Preamble.
  • a random access method includes:
  • the base station generates PRACH time window information, where the PRACH time window information carries the PRACH time window size;
  • the base station sends the PRACH time window information to the terminal.
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of the PRACH resource and/or time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window.
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in a frequency domain.
  • the base station notifies the terminal of the PRACH time window information to the terminal by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station When the base station receives the preamble sent by the terminal, the base station preempts for sending Unlicensed carrier of RAR;
  • the base station sends an RAR to the terminal on the preempted unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR before exceeding the RAR time window size.
  • the base station before the sending, by the base station, the RAR to the terminal on the unlicensed carrier for sending the RAR, the base station further includes:
  • the base station sends the first indication information to the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the first indication information is used to notify the base station that the base station preempts the unlicensed carrier used to send the RAR.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station receives the HARQ-ACK information that is sent by the terminal by using the authorized carrier, and the HARQ-ACK information is used to notify the base station that the terminal has received the RAR sent by the base station.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station When the base station receives the preamble sent by the terminal, the base station preempts an unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR;
  • the base station When the base station does not preempt the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR before the RAR time size window exceeds the RAR time, the base station sends the second indication information to the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the second indication information is used to notify the terminal. The base station does not preempt the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the method before the base station preempts the unlicensed carrier used for sending the RAR, the method further includes:
  • the base station Sending, by the base station, a RAR time window message to the terminal, where the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, a latest size of the RAR time window, and the RAR time The subframe offset of the window.
  • the RAR time window message is notified to the terminal by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • a random access device includes:
  • a transceiver unit configured to receive PRACH time window information sent by the base station, where the PRACH time window information carries a PRACH time window size;
  • a processing unit configured to preempt an unlicensed carrier configured with a PRACH resource
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of the PRACH resource and/or time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in a frequency domain.
  • the transceiver unit receives the PRACH time window information notified by the base station by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource is preempted by using a preset channel access manner
  • the non-authorized carrier configured with the PRACH resource is preempted by using the Category-4 channel access mode.
  • processing unit is further configured to:
  • the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, a latest size of the RAR time window, and a subframe offset of the RAR time window.
  • the transceiver unit receives the RAR time window message sent by the base station by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to:
  • the preamble is sent to the base station on the first PRACH resource that is detected, before receiving the RAR sent by the base station, receiving first indication information sent by the base station by using an authorized carrier, where the first indication information is used. Notifying the device that the base station preempts an unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to:
  • processing unit is further configured to:
  • the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, a latest size of the RAR time window, and a subframe of the RAR time window. Offset; the second indication information is used to notify the device that the base station does not preempt the unlicensed carrier used to send the RAR.
  • a random access device includes:
  • a processing unit configured to generate PRACH time window information, where the PRACH time window information carries the PRACH time window size;
  • a transceiver unit configured to send the PRACH time window information to the terminal.
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of a PRACH resource and/or a time-frequency resource information of a PRACH resource in the PRACH time window.
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in a frequency domain.
  • the transceiver unit notifies the terminal of the PRACH time window information to the terminal by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • processing unit is further configured to:
  • the transceiver unit is configured to send the RAR to the terminal on the preempted unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to:
  • the first indication information is used to notify the terminal
  • the device preempts the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to:
  • the terminal After transmitting the RAR to the terminal on the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR, receiving the HARQ-ACK information sent by the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the HARQ-ACK information is used to notify the device
  • the terminal has received the RAR sent by the base station.
  • processing unit is further configured to:
  • the transceiver unit sends the second indication information to the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the second indication information is used to notify the terminal.
  • the device does not preempt the unlicensed carrier used to transmit the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to:
  • the RAR time window message Before preempting the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR, sending a RAR time window message to the terminal, where the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, the RAR time The latest size of the window, the sub-frame offset of the RAR time window.
  • the transceiver unit notifies the RAR time window message to the terminal by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access device, including: a transceiver, a processor, and a memory, where the transceiver, the processor, and the memory are connected by a bus, where:
  • a transceiver configured to receive a PRACH time window information sent by the base station, where the PRACH time window information carries a PRACH time window size;
  • a memory for storing program code executed by the processor
  • a processor configured to: through the program code in the memory, perform the following operations: preempting an unlicensed carrier configured with a PRACH resource;
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access device, including: a transceiver, a processor, and a memory, where the transceiver, the processor, and the memory are connected by using a bus, where:
  • a memory for storing program code executed by the processor
  • the processor is configured to: through the program code in the memory, perform the following operations: generate PRACH time window information, where the PRACH time window information carries a PRACH time window size;
  • the transceiver is configured to send the PRACH time window information to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the PRACH time window message sent by the base station
  • the PRACH time window information carries the PRACH time window size, that is, the base station configures the PRACH time window for the current random access of the terminal, and the terminal preempts the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource, and the terminal preempts before exceeding the PRACH time window size.
  • PRACH access is performed on an unlicensed carrier configured with PRACH resources. Therefore, by configuring the PRACH time window, the terminal can have more time to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource, which greatly improves the success rate of the PRACH access.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a non-contention random access in a conventional LTE according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current duration of receiving downlink data and a PRACH transmission duration in a maximum channel occupation time according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration rule of a PRACH resource according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a RAR time window according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed flowchart of successful random access of UE1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a second flowchart of an overview of a random access procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a random access device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a second schematic structural diagram of a random access device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a random access device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a second schematic structural diagram of a random access device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a random access method and device for increasing the chance of PRACH access.
  • the method and the device are based on the same inventive concept. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repeated description is not repeated.
  • the non-contention random access procedure in the traditional LTE is as follows:
  • the base station notifies the UE of a preamble index and a PRACH resource for transmitting the preamble.
  • S102 The UE sends a preamble corresponding to the preamble index to the base station on the PRACH resource notified by the base station.
  • the base station After receiving the preamble sent by the UE, the base station sends a random access response (RAR) to the UE.
  • RAR random access response
  • S104 The UE monitors a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in a preset RAR time window, and receives a corresponding RAR.
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • the UE receives the RAR that matches the random access radio network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) in the RAR time window, the random access procedure is considered successful.
  • RA-RNTI random access radio network Temporary Identifier
  • the random access procedure is considered to have failed. If the random access procedure fails and the UE does not reach the maximum number of random access attempts (preambleTransMax), the UE will increase the power (powerRampingStep) when the next preamble is sent based on the last transmit power to improve the successful transmission. Probability.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access method, including:
  • Step 200 The terminal receives the PRACH time window information sent by the base station, and the PRACH time window information carries the PRACH time window size.
  • Step 210 The terminal preempts an unlicensed carrier configured with a PRACH resource.
  • Step 220 The terminal performs PRACH access on the pre-empted unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource before the PRACH time window size is exceeded.
  • the terminal does not preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window, then the random access of the current is abandoned.
  • the terminal 210 When the terminal 210 is configured to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource, the terminal first determines whether the sum of the current downlink data receiving duration and the PRACH transmission duration is less than or equal to the maximum channel occupation time.
  • the channel access mode is used to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource.
  • the preset channel access mode may refer to the access mode of the Category 2 method, or a fast channel access mode, that is, only After detecting the channel for 25 microseconds, it can directly access the channel. Otherwise, the terminal uses the Category-4 channel access mode to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource.
  • the channel access mode based on the Category 4 is used for the LAA downlink.
  • four channel access methods are defined:
  • Category 1 refers to the channel access method that does not perform LBT and can directly transmit according to certain rules.
  • the short control message is an example of category 1.
  • Category 2 refers to a channel access mode of an LBT without a random backoff mechanism, and frame-based frame based equipment (FBE) is an example of category 2;
  • FBE frame-based frame based equipment
  • Category 3 refers to an LBT channel access mode with a random backoff mechanism and a constant size of the contention window.
  • the load based equipment (LBE) is an example of category 3 based on the service data packet.
  • Category 4 refers to a channel access mode with a random backoff mechanism and the size of the contention window is changed.
  • the process of the specific access channel of the category 4 is that the clear channel assessment (CCA) needs to be performed on the channel before the data is transmitted. If the channel is idle, the data is directly sent, that is, the unlicensed carrier is successfully preempted. If the channel is found to be occupied, an enhanced channel assessment (ECCA) is required.
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes that if the sum of the duration of receiving the downlink data and the duration of the PRACH transmission is less than or equal to the Maximum Channel Occupied Time (MCOT), the terminal adopts a preset channel access manner. Preemption of unlicensed carriers configured with PRACH resources.
  • the duration of the PRACH transmission is the length of time required for the random access procedure. As shown in FIG.
  • the terminal may initiate the PRACH access in one MCOT time, that is, when the terminal preempts the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH.
  • a fast channel access mode that is, only needs to detect that the channel is idle for 25 microseconds, and can directly access the channel, that is, successfully preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH. If the sum of the duration of receiving the downlink data and the duration of the PRACH transmission is greater than the maximum channel occupation time, the terminal needs to use the Category-4 channel access mode to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource.
  • the fast channel access mode proposed in the embodiment of the present invention saves the process of LBT preempting the channel, and increases the probability of successful PRACH access.
  • the terminal successfully preempts the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource before exceeding the PRACH time window size, and detects the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window.
  • the terminal sends a preamble to the base station on the detected first PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window and/or a time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource.
  • the configuration rule of the PRACH resource may be configured to periodically configure the PRACH resource in the PRACH window.
  • the configuration period is one subframe or two subframes, that is, the PRACH resource is configured in each subframe or every two subframes.
  • the configuration rule of the PRACH resource may be configured to configure PRACH resources on three hashed subframes in the PRACH time window.
  • the configuration rule of the PRACH resource may also be configured to configure the PRACH resource in the PRACH window for a non-period, for example, selecting a certain certain subframe to configure the PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH time window information may also include time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH resource may occupy a discontinuous resource block or may occupy a continuous resource block.
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in the frequency domain, where occupying the discontinuous resource block means that the PRACH resource is discretely distributed in the frequency domain, that is, the resource block occupied by the resource block may be a part of the resource block.
  • occupying the discontinuous resource block means that the PRACH resource is discretely distributed in the frequency domain, that is, the resource block occupied by the resource block may be a part of the resource block.
  • some resource blocks are discontinuous; it may be discontinuous between each resource block, etc., of course, the description of the discontinuous resource blocks is merely an example, and is not limited thereto.
  • the PRACH time window information is semi-statically configured by Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or dynamically notified to the terminal by PDCCH signaling.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the terminal when the terminal detects the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window, the terminal may further detect the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window according to the configuration rule of the PRACH resource and/or the time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource.
  • the terminal receives the PRACH time window information sent by the base station in the subframe N, where the information includes the PRACH time window size (for example, subframe N+6 to subframe N+6+j), and the PRACH resource Configuration rules (for example, configuring three PRACH resources on a hashed subframe).
  • the terminal After receiving the PRACH time window information sent by the base station, the terminal starts to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource. If the terminal preempts the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource before the subframe N+6, the terminal is in the sub-frame.
  • Frame N+6 detects the first PRACH resource and sends a Preamble on the PRACH resource. Or, assuming that the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource is preempted in the subframe N+7, the terminal starts detecting the PRACH resource in the subframe N+8, and sends the Preamble on the detected first PRACH resource.
  • the success rate of the PRACH access is greatly improved by configuring the PRACH time window.
  • the terminal After the terminal sends the preamble to the base station on the first detected PRACH resource, the terminal receives the RAR sent by the base station, that is, if the UE receives the RAR that matches the RA-RNTI in the RAR time window, the terminal considers that the random The access process was successful.
  • the RAR time window starts from the subframe that transmits the preamble + 3 subframes, and continues the RAR time window size (ra-ResponseWindowSize) subframes.
  • the RAR can be sent to the UE through the authorized carrier, and the RAR can be transmitted on the unlicensed carrier without delay. Therefore, the base station needs to perform the LBT preemption channel, and thus may cause a certain transmission delay.
  • the RAR time window may be extended or the RAR time window may be backward shifted.
  • the size of the window may be sf2, sf3, sf4, sf5, sf6, sf7, sf8, sf10, among which Sf is a subframe, that is, sf2 means that the RAR time window is 2 subframes.
  • the RAR window can be extended, for example, by adding RAR.
  • the window size is sf15, sf20, etc., and sf15 and sf20 are only examples, and are not limited thereto.
  • the RAR time window is backward shifted.
  • the RAR time window is shifted backward by k subframes, and the original RAR time window is increased from N subframes to (N+S) subframes.
  • the base station sends an RAR time window message to the terminal before preempting the unlicensed carrier for sending the RAR, where the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, and an latest RAR time window. Size, the subframe offset of the RAR time window.
  • the RAR time window message is notified to the terminal through RRC signaling or through PDCCH signaling.
  • the RAR time window message may be used to instruct the notifying terminal to monitor the PDCCH within the RAR time window and receive the RAR.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention increases the success rate of the base station preempting the channel and increases the success rate of the terminal PRACH access.
  • the base station preempts the unlicensed carrier used to send the RAR when receiving the preamble sent by the terminal.
  • the first indication information sent by the authorized carrier to the terminal is used to notify the terminal base station to preempt the non-received RAR. If the base station fails to preempt the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR before the RAR time size window exceeds the RAR time, the second indication information is sent to the terminal by the authorized carrier, and the second indication information is used to notify the terminal base station that the base station is not preempted.
  • An unlicensed carrier that transmits RAR if the terminal determines that the RAR transmitted by the base station is not received within the RAR time window, then the terminal keeps the power of transmitting the preamble unchanged when the Preamble is resent next time.
  • the first indication information and the second indication information herein may be one indication information, and adopt two different bit indications. For example, “0” indicates that no unlicensed carrier for transmitting RAR is preempted, and “1” indicates preemption. An unlicensed carrier that transmits RAR.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides that after the terminal receives the RAR sent by the base station, the terminal may also send Hybrid Automatic Repeat ReQuest (HARQ) information to the base station by using the authorized carrier, HARQ- The ACK information is used to notify the base station terminal that the RAR transmitted by the base station has been received. Therefore, the base station learns that the current random access of the UE is successful, and waits for the UE to send the corresponding PUSCH.
  • HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat ReQuest
  • the base station notifies the UE1 preamble index, and sends the PRACH time window information to the UE1.
  • the PRACH time window information carries the PRACH time window size.
  • the UE1 determines that the sum of the duration of receiving the downlink data and the duration of the PRACH transmission is less than the maximum channel occupation time, and successfully acquires the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource by using the fast channel access mode.
  • S603 UE1 detects PRACH resources in a PRACH time window, and detects the first one.
  • the preamble corresponding to the preamble index is sent to the base station on the PRACH resource.
  • S604 The base station sends a RAR time window message.
  • the RAR time window message carries the subframe offset of the RAR time window.
  • S605 The base station successfully preempts the unlicensed carrier used for transmitting the RAR before the RAR time size window exceeds the first indication information sent by the authorized carrier to the terminal.
  • the first indication information is used to notify the terminal base station to preempt the unlicensed carrier used for transmitting the RAR.
  • the base station sends the RAR to the UE1 by using an unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the UE1 receives the RAR in the RAR time window, and sends the HARQ information to the base station by using the authorized carrier.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access method, including:
  • Step 700 The base station generates PRACH time window information, where the PRACH time window information carries a PRACH time window size.
  • Step 710 The base station sends the PRACH time window information to the terminal.
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window and/or a time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in the frequency domain.
  • the PRACH time window information is notified to the terminal by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station When receiving the preamble sent by the terminal, the base station preempts the unlicensed carrier used for transmitting the RAR;
  • the base station sends the RAR to the terminal on the preempted unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR before exceeding the RAR time window size.
  • the base station before the base station sends the RAR to the terminal on the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR, the base station further includes:
  • the base station sends the first indication information to the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the first indication information is used to notify the terminal base station to preempt the unlicensed carrier used for transmitting the RAR.
  • the base station after the base station sends the RAR to the terminal on the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR, the base station further includes:
  • the base station receives the HARQ-ACK information sent by the terminal through the authorized carrier, and the HARQ-ACK information is used to notify the base station terminal that the RAR sent by the base station has been received.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station When receiving the preamble sent by the terminal, the base station preempts the unlicensed carrier used for transmitting the RAR;
  • the base station When the base station does not preempt the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR before the RAR time size window, the base station sends the second indication information to the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the second indication information is used to notify the terminal base station that the base station does not preempt the RAR for transmitting. Unlicensed carrier.
  • the method before the base station preempts the unlicensed carrier used for sending the RAR, the method further includes:
  • the base station sends a RAR time window message to the terminal, and the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, or a latest size of the RAR time window, or a subframe offset of the RAR time window.
  • the RAR time window message is notified to the terminal through RRC signaling or through PDCCH signaling.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a random access device, which may be a terminal in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and may be used to execute the method embodiment corresponding to FIG. 2, and thus the present invention
  • a random access device which may be a terminal in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and may be used to execute the method embodiment corresponding to FIG. 2, and thus the present invention
  • the random access device provided by the embodiment, reference may be made to the implementation manner of the method, and the repeated description is not repeated.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access device 800, including:
  • the transceiver unit 810 is configured to receive PRACH time window information sent by the base station, where the PRACH time window information carries a PRACH time window size;
  • the processing unit 820 is configured to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource
  • the PRACH access is performed on the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource.
  • the processing unit 820 is specifically configured to:
  • the transceiver unit 810 is configured to send a preamble preamble to the base station on the detected first PRACH resource.
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of the PRACH resource and/or time-frequency resource information of the PRACH resource in the PRACH time window;
  • the processing unit 820 is specifically configured to:
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in a frequency domain.
  • the transceiver unit 810 receives the PRACH time window information notified by the base station by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • the processing unit 820 is specifically configured to:
  • the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource is preempted by using a preset channel access manner
  • the non-authorized carrier configured with the PRACH resource is preempted by using the Category-4 channel access mode.
  • processing unit 820 is further configured to:
  • the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, a latest size of the RAR time window, and a subframe offset of the RAR time window.
  • the transceiver unit 810 receives the RAR time window message sent by the base station by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is further configured to:
  • the preamble is sent to the base station on the first PRACH resource that is detected, before receiving the RAR sent by the base station, receiving first indication information sent by the base station by using an authorized carrier, where the first indication information is used. Notifying the device that the base station preempts an unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is further configured to:
  • processing unit 820 is further configured to:
  • the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, a latest size of the RAR time window, a subframe offset of the RAR time window, and the second indication
  • the information is used to notify the device that the base station does not preempt the unlicensed carrier used to transmit the RAR.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a random access device, which may be the base station in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • a random access device which may be the base station in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the implementation manner of the random access device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be referred to the implementation manner of the method, and the repeated description is not repeated.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access device 900, including:
  • the processing unit 910 is configured to generate PRACH time window information, where the PRACH time window information carries the PRACH time window size;
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to send the PRACH time window information to the terminal.
  • the PRACH time window information further carries a configuration rule of a PRACH resource and/or a time-frequency resource information of a PRACH resource in the PRACH time window.
  • the PRACH resource occupies a discontinuous resource block in a frequency domain.
  • the transceiver unit 920 notifies the terminal of the PRACH time window information to the terminal by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • processing unit 910 is further configured to:
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to send the RAR to the terminal on the preempted unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to:
  • the first indication information is used to notify the terminal
  • the device preempts the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to:
  • the terminal After transmitting the RAR to the terminal on the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR, receiving the HARQ-ACK information sent by the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the HARQ-ACK information is used to notify the device
  • the terminal has received the RAR sent by the base station.
  • processing unit 910 is further configured to:
  • the transceiver unit sends the second indication information to the terminal by using the authorized carrier, where the second indication information is used to notify the terminal.
  • the base station does not preempt the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to:
  • the RAR time window message Before preempting the unlicensed carrier for transmitting the RAR, sending a RAR time window message to the terminal, where the RAR time window message carries a combination of at least one of the following: an extension of the RAR time window, the RAR time The latest size of the window, the sub-frame offset of the RAR time window.
  • the transceiver unit 920 notifies the RAR time window message to the terminal by using RRC signaling or by using PDCCH signaling.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be used. It can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.
  • the integrated modules if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • a computer readable storage medium A number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a random access device, which may be the terminal in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which is the device in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • a random access device which may be the terminal in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which is the device in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the random access device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the embodiments of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 8 , and details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access device, including: a transceiver 1001, a processor 1002, and a memory 1003.
  • the transceiver 1001, the processor 1002, and the memory 1003 are connected by a bus, where:
  • the transceiver 1001 is configured to receive PRACH time window information sent by the base station, where the PRACH time window information carries a PRACH time window size;
  • the memory 1003 is configured to store program code executed by the processor 1002.
  • the processor 1002 is configured to: through the program code in the memory 1003, perform the following operations: preempting an unlicensed carrier configured with a PRACH resource;
  • the present invention further provides a random access device, which may be the base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, which is the device in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • a random access device which may be the base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, which is the device in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the random access device provided by the embodiment, reference may be made to the embodiments of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access device, including: a transceiver 1101, a processor 1102, and a memory 1103.
  • the transceiver 1101, the processor 1102, and the memory 1103 are connected by a bus, where:
  • a memory 1103, configured to store program code executed by the processor 1102;
  • the processor 1102 is configured to: through the program code in the memory 1103, perform the following operations: generate PRACH time window information, where the PRACH time window information carries a PRACH time window size;
  • the transceiver 1101 is configured to send PRACH time window information to the terminal.
  • the bus is shown by thick lines in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , and the connection manner between other components is merely illustrative and not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.
  • only one thick line is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the memory in the foregoing embodiment is used to store program code executed by the processor, and may be a volatile memory, such as a random access memory (English: random-access).
  • Memory abbreviation: RAM
  • memory can also be non-volatile memory (English: non-volatile memory), such as read-only memory (English: read-only memory, abbreviation: ROM), flash memory (English: flash memory) , hard disk drive (English: hard disk drive, abbreviated: HDD) or solid state drive (English: solid-state drive, abbreviated: SSD), or memory can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and Any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory can be a combination of the above memories.
  • the processor in the above embodiment may be a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a random access method for increasing the chance of PRACH access.
  • the method includes: the terminal receives the PRACH time window information sent by the base station, the PRACH time window information carries the PRACH time window size, and the terminal preempts the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource, and the terminal preempts the configuration before exceeding the PRACH time window size.
  • PRACH access is performed on an unlicensed carrier with PRACH resources. Therefore, by configuring the PRACH time window, the terminal has more opportunities to preempt the unlicensed carrier configured with the PRACH resource, which greatly improves the success rate of the PRACH access.
  • the fast channel access mode proposed in the embodiment of the present invention saves the process of LBT preempting the channel, and increases the probability of successful PRACH access.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further proposes extending or backward offsetting the RAR time window, increasing the success rate of the base station preempting the channel, and increasing the success rate of the terminal PRACH access.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further proposes that the base station notifies the terminal whether it successfully preempts the use of the RAR unlicensed subcarrier, and the terminal notifies the base station of the message that the random access is successful.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention may be employed in one or more A computer program product embodied on a computer usable storage medium (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.
  • a computer usable storage medium including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种随机接入方法及装置，用以增加PRACH接入的机会。该方法包括：终端接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小，终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。因此，通过配置PRACH时间窗，终端有更多的机会抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，极大地提高了PRACH接入的成功率。

Description

一种随机接入方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种随机接入方法及装置。
背景技术
无线通信***使用的频谱可以分为两类，包括授权频谱(licensed spectrum)和非授权频谱(unlicensed spectrum)。对于商用的移动通信***，运营商需要通过拍卖获得授权频谱，使用拍卖获得的授权频谱开展移动通信的运营活动。而非授权频谱不需要拍卖，任何人都可以合法的使用这些频段，比如应用在2.4GHz和5GHz频带上的WiFi设备。
在长期演进的授权辅助接入(Licensed-Assisted Access Using Long Term Evolution，LAA-LTE)***中，该***主要采用的频谱为非授权频谱，LAA-LTE***中的节点需要通过说前先听原则(listen before talk，LBT)使用信道资源，其中，LBT是一种载波监听多路访问(Carrier Sense Multiple Access，CSMA)技术。例如，在LAA-LTE***中，基站向终端发送下行消息之前，首先需要抢占信道资源，在抢占到信道资源后才能采用该信道资源发送需要发送的下行消息。
在LAA-LTE***中，对于上行而言，在终端(User Equipment，UE)随机接入过程中物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel，PRACH)有着十分重要的作用，如果终端PRACH接入不成功，就不能够及时地发送上行数据，进行信道探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)检测等，而在LAA-LTE***中，由于需要遵循LBT的信道接入原则，因此无论是基站还是UE都有可能抢占不到非授权载波，而不能发送相应的信号，导致PRACH接入延迟或失败。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种随机接入方法及装置，用以增加PRACH接入的机会。
本发明实施例提供的具体技术方案如下：
第一方面，一种随机接入方法，包括：
终端接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
所述终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
所述终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
因此，采用本发明实施例提供的方法，通过配置PRACH时间窗极大地提高了PRACH接入的成功率。
可选地，所述终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入，包括：
所述终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前接入所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，并在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源；
所述终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送前导码preamble。
可选地，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息；
所述终端在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源，包括：
所述终端根据所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源。
可选地，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
可选地，所述终端通过无线资源控制协议RRC信令或通过物理下行控制信道PDCCH信令接收所述基站通知的所述PRACH时间窗口信息。
可选地，所述终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，包括：
所述终端判断当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和是否小于等于最大信道占用时间；
若是，所述终端采用预设信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
否则，所述终端采用Category-4信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
因此，本发明实施例中提出的快速信道接入方式，省去了LBT抢占信道的过程，增加了PRACH接入成功的概率。
可选地，在所述终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，还包括：
所述终端在接收到所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息接收所述基站发送的RAR；
其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，所述终端通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站发送的所述RAR时间窗口消息。
因此，采用本发明实施例提供的方法，增加基站抢占信道的成功率，同时增加终端PRACH接入的成功率。
可选地，所述终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收所述基站发送的RAR之前，还包括：
所述终端接收所述基站通过授权载波发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，在所述终端接收所述基站发送的RAR之后，还包括：
所述终端通过授权载波发送混合自动重传请求确认HARQ-ACK信息至所述基站，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述基站所述终端已收到所述基站 发送的RAR。
因此，终端能够及时将自身的随机接入成功的状态通知给基站。
可选地，所述终端在检测到的一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，还包括：
所述终端在接收到所述基站发送的RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息确定未接收所述基站发送的RAR，且接收到所述基站通过授权载波发送的第二指示信息，则在下一次发送所述Preamble时保持发送功率不变；
其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量；所述第二指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站没有抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
因此，基站能够及时将自身是否成功抢占用于发送RAR非授权载波的情况通知给终端，终端在确定由于基站未抢占到用于发送RAR非授权载波时，不必提高下次发送Preamble的功率。
第二方面，一种随机接入方法，包括：
基站生成PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带所述PRACH时间窗口大小；
所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端。
可选地，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息。
可选地，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
可选地，所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
可选地，在所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，还包括：
所述基站在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，所述基站抢占用于发送 RAR的非授权载波；
所述基站在超出RAR时间窗大小前，在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR。
可选地，在所述基站在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之前，还包括：
所述基站通过授权载波向所述终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，在所述基站在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之后，还包括：
所述基站接收所述终端通过授权载波发送的HARQ-ACK信息，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述基站所述终端已收到所述基站发送的所述RAR。
可选地，在所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，还包括：
所述基站在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，所述基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
所述基站在超出RAR时间大小窗前未抢占到所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波时，通过授权载波向所述终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站没有抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，在所述基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波之前，还包括：
所述基站向所述终端发送RAR时间窗口消息，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：所述RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，所述RAR时间窗口消息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
第三方面，一种随机接入装置，包括：
收发单元，用于接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
处理单元，用于抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
以及采用所述收发单元在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
可选地，采用所述收发单元在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入时，所述处理单元，具体用于：
在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前接入所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，并在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源；
采用所述收发单元在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送前导码preamble。
可选地，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息；
在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源时，所述处理单元，具体用于：
根据所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源。
可选地，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
可选地，所述收发单元通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站通知的所述PRACH时间窗口信息。
可选地，抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波时，所述处理单元，具体用于：
判断当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和是否小于等于最大信道占用时间；
若是，采用预设信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
否则，采用Category-4信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
可选地，所述处理单元，还用于：
在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收到所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息采用所述收发单元接收所述基站发送的RAR；
其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，所述收发单元通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站发送的所述RAR时间窗口消息。
可选地，所述收发单元，还用于：
在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收所述基站发送的RAR之前，接收所述基站通过授权载波发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述装置所述基站抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，所述收发单元，还用于：
在接收所述基站发送的RAR之后，通过授权载波发送混合自动重传请求确认HARQ-ACK信息至所述基站，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述基站所述装置已收到所述基站发送的RAR。
可选地，所述处理单元，还用于：
在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收到所述基站发送的RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息确定未接收所述基站发送的RAR，且接收到所述基站通过授权载波发送的第二指示信息，则在下一次发送所述Preamble时保持发送功率不变；
其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧 偏移量；所述第二指示信息用于通知所述装置所述基站没有抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
第四方面，一种随机接入装置，包括：
处理单元，用于生成PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带所述PRACH时间窗口大小；
收发单元，用于将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端。
可选地，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内PRACH资源的配置规则和/或PRACH资源的时频资源信息。
可选地，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
可选地，所述收发单元将所述PRACH时间窗口信息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
可选地，所述处理单元，还用于：
将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
在超出RAR时间窗大小前，采用所述收发单元在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR。
可选地，所述收发单元，还用于：
在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之前，通过授权载波向所述终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述终端所述装置抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，所述收发单元，还用于：
在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之后，接收所述终端通过授权载波发送的HARQ-ACK信息，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述装置所述终端已收到所述基站发送的所述RAR。
可选地，所述处理单元，还用于：
将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
在超出RAR时间大小窗前未抢占到所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波时，采用收发单元通过授权载波向所述终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于通知所述终端所述装置没有抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，所述收发单元，还用于：
在抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波之前，向所述终端发送RAR时间窗口消息，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：所述RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，所述收发单元将所述RAR时间窗口消息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
第五方面，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入设备，包括：收发器、处理器和存储器，收发器、处理器以及存储器之间通过总线连接，其中：
收发器，用于接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
存储器，用于存储处理器执行的程序代码；
处理器，用于通过存储器中的程序代码,执行以下操作：抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
以及用于采用收发器在超出PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
第六方面，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入设备，包括：收发器、处理器和存储器，收发器、处理器以及存储器之间通过总线连接，其中：
存储器，用于存储处理器执行的程序代码；
处理器，用于通过存储器中的程序代码,执行以下操作：生成PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
收发器，用于将PRACH时间窗口信息发送至终端。
本发明实施例的有益效果如下：终端接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信 息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小，即基站为终端本次随机接入配置PRACH时间窗口，终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。因此，通过配置PRACH时间窗，终端可以有更多的时间抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，极大地提高了PRACH接入的成功率。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中传统的LTE中的非竞争随机接入的流程图；
图2为本发明实施例中随机接入过程的概述流程图之一；
图3为本发明实施例中最大信道占用时间中当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长的分布示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中PRACH资源的配置规则示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中RAR时间窗的示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中UE1随机接入成功的详细流程图；
图7为本发明实施例中随机接入过程的概述流程图之二；
图8为本发明实施例中随机接入装置的结构示意图之一；
图9为本发明实施例中随机接入装置的结构示意图之二；
图10为本发明实施例中随机接入设备的结构示意图之一；
图11为本发明实施例中随机接入设备的结构示意图之二。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种随机接入方法及装置，用以增加PRACH接入的机会。其中，方法和装置是基于同一发明构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
现有技术中，参阅图1所示，传统的LTE中的非竞争随机接入过程如下：
S101：基站通知UE前导码索引(preamble index)及用于发送preamble的PRACH资源。
S102：UE在基站通知的PRACH资源上向基站发送preamble index对应的preamble。
S103：基站在收到UE发送的preamble后，向UE发送随机接入响应(random access response，RAR)。
S104：UE在预设的RAR时间窗口内监听物理下行控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，PDCCH)，接收相应的RAR。
如果UE在RAR时间窗口内接收到与自己的随机接入无线网络临时标识(Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier，RA-RNTI)相吻合的RAR，则认为此次随机接入过程成功。
如果UE在RAR时间窗口内没有接收到RAR，即没有接收到与自身RA-RNTI相吻合的RAR，则认为此次随机接入过程失败。如果随机接入过程失败，且UE未达到最大的随机接入尝试次数(preambleTransMax)，则UE将在上次发射功率的基础上，在下次发送preamble时提升功率(powerRampingStep)，以提高发射成功的概率。
下面结合附图对本发明优选的实施方式进行详细说明。
参阅图2所示，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入方法，包括：
步骤200：终端接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小。
步骤210：终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
步骤220：终端在超出PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
如果终端在PRACH时间窗口内没有抢占到配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，那么放弃本次的随机接入。
在执行步骤210时，可选地，终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波时，终端首先判断当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和是否小于等于最大信道占用时间，若是，终端采用预设信道接入方式抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，其中，预设信道接入方式可以是指以Category 2的方法接入信道，也可以采用一种快速的信道接入方式，即只需要检测信道25微秒空闲，就可以直接接入信道。否则，终端采用Category-4信道接入方式抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
具体的，在LAA中，对于LAA下行是以Category 4作为基础的信道接入方式。其中，在3GPP REL.13的LAA课题中，定义了四种信道接入方式：
Category 1是指不进行LBT，可以直接按照某种规则进行传输的信道接入方式，short control message是category 1的一个示例；
Category 2是指一种不带有随机退避机制的LBT的信道接入方式，基于帧的周期性信道检测(frame based equipment，FBE)为category 2的一个示例；
Category 3是指一种带有随机退避机制，且竞争窗口的大小不变的LBT信道接入方式，基于业务数据分组到达触发信道检测(Load based equipment，LBE)是category 3的一个示例；
Category 4是指一种带有随机退避机制且竞争窗口的大小是变化的LBT的信道接入方式。
对于category 4的具体接入信道的流程是，在传输数据之前，需要先对信道做空闲信道评估(Clear Channel Assessment，CCA)，若信道空闲，则直接发送数据，即成功抢占到非授权载波。若发现信道被占用，则需要做增强信道评估(Extended CCA，ECCA)，ECCA的过程是指找到N个没有被占用的空闲时隙(unoccupied idle slot)，N值取[1,q]，q为竞争窗口的大小，其取值范围为[X,Y]，每次进行ECCA时，q值是变化的，N值每次随机选择的，每 当发现一个unoccupied idle slot，N值减一，直至N＝0，才可以发送数据，即成功抢占到非授权载波。
但是对于随机接入过程而言，本发明实施例提出如果当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和小于等于最大信道占用时间(Maximum Channel Occupied Time，MCOT)，终端采用预设信道接入方式抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。其中，PRACH传输时长为本次随机接入过程所需的时长。如图3所示，因为基站在发送下行数据之前已经通过LBT进行了信道接入，所以终端在一个MCOT时间内发起PRACH接入时，即终端在抢占配置有PRACH的非授权载波时，可以采用快速的信道接入方式，即只需要检测信道25微秒空闲，就可以直接接入信道，即成功抢占配置有PRACH的非授权载波。而如果当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和大于最大信道占用时间，终端需采用上述Category-4信道接入方式抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
因此，本发明实施例中提出的快速信道接入方式，省去了LBT抢占信道的过程，增加了PRACH接入成功的概率。
在执行步骤220时，终端在超出PRACH时间窗口大小前成功抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，并在PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源。终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向基站发送preamble。
可选地，PRACH时间窗口信息还携带PRACH时间窗口内PRACH资源的配置规则和/或PRACH资源的时频资源信息。
PRACH资源的配置规则可以为周期的在PRACH窗口内配置PRACH资源，比如该配置周期为一个子帧或者两个子帧，即每个子帧或者每两个子帧上配置PRACH资源。例如，参阅图4所示，PRACH资源的配置规则可以为在PRACH时间窗口内的三个带有斜纹的子帧上配置PRACH资源。以上例子仅仅作为示例，具体的周期配置并不限制于此。
PRACH资源的配置规则也可以为非周期的在PRACH窗口内配置PRACH资源，比如选择特定的某几个子帧上配置PRACH资源。
此外，PRACH时间窗口信息中还可包含PRACH资源的时频资源信息，在频域上，PRACH资源可以占用不连续的资源块，也可以占用连续的资源块。
具体的，该PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块，其中，占用不连续资源块是指，PRACH资源在频域上是离散分布的，即其所占的资源块可以是一部分资源块连续，一部分资源块不连续；也可以是每个资源块之间都是不连续的等等，当然该处不连续资源块的说明仅仅是作为一个例子，并不限定于此。
PRACH时间窗口信息通过无线资源控制协议(Radio Resource Control，RRC)信令进行半静态的配置或通过PDCCH信令进行动态的指示通知给终端。
可选地，终端在PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源时，终端还可根据PRACH资源的配置规则和/或PRACH资源的时频资源信息在PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源。
例如，参阅图4所示，终端在子帧N接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，该信息中包含PRACH时间窗口大小(例如，子帧N+6至子帧N+6+j)，PRACH资源的配置规则(例如，三个带有斜纹的子帧上配置PRACH资源)。终端在收到基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息后，开始抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，假设在子帧N+6之前，终端就抢占到配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，则终端在子帧N+6检测到第一个PRACH资源，并在该PRACH资源上发送Preamble。或者，假设在子帧N+7才抢占到配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，则终端在子帧N+8开始检测PRACH资源，并在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上发送Preamble。
因此，采用本发明实施例提供的方法，通过配置PRACH时间窗极大地提高了PRACH接入的成功率。
在终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向基站发送preamble之后，终端接收基站发送的RAR，即如果UE在RAR时间窗口内接收到与自己RA-RNTI相吻合的RAR，则认为此次随机接入过程成功。
在传统LTE中，RAR时间窗起始于发送preamble的子帧+3个子帧，并持续RAR时间窗口大小(ra-ResponseWindowSize)个子帧。在LAA中，RAR可以通过授权载波发送给UE，可以保证没有延迟，也可以在非授权载波上传输RAR，那么基站需要进行LBT抢占信道，因此可能会造成一定的传输延迟。本发明实施例中，为了增加基站抢占信道的成功率，可以选择对RAR时间窗口进行扩展或对RAR时间窗口进行向后偏移。
例如，对于RAR时间窗口进行扩展，如下面的ra-ResponseWindowSize具体配置所示，传统的LTE中，窗口的大小可以为sf2,sf3,sf4,sf5,sf6,sf7,sf8,sf10几个值，其中sf是指subframe，即sf2是指该RAR时间窗口大小为2个子帧，而在LAA中因为基站需要进行LBT抢占信道，可能会造成一定的传输延迟，因此可以对RAR窗口进行扩展，比如增加RAR窗口大小至sf15、sf20等，sf15、sf20仅是作为一个例子，并不限定于此。
又例如，对RAR时间窗口进行向后偏移，偏移量k(k>＝0)是指该RAR时间窗口在原来第N+3个子帧开始，变成从N+3+K个子帧开始。
图5中，对RAR时间窗向后偏移了k个子帧，并将原RAR时间窗口从N个子帧增加到(N+S)个子帧。
可选地，基站在抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波之前，向终端发送RAR时间窗口消息，RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，RAR时间窗口的最新大小，RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，RAR时间窗口消息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给终端。RAR时间窗口消息可以用于指示通知终端在RAR时间窗口内监听PDCCH，并接收RAR。
因此，采用本发明实施例提供的方法，增加基站抢占信道的成功率，同时增加终端PRACH接入的成功率。
可选地，在终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向基站发送preamble之后，基站在接收到终端发送的preamble时，基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波。
若基站在超出RAR时间大小窗前成功抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波，则通过授权载波向终端发送的第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于通知终端基站抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波；若基站在超出RAR时间大小窗前未成功抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波，则通过授权载波向终端发送的第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于通知终端基站没有抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波。在这种情况下，如果终端确定在RAR时间窗口内未收到基站发送的RAR时，那么终端在下一次重新发送Preamble时保持发送preamble的功率不变。
这里的第一指示信息和第二指示信息可以是一个指示信息，采用两种不同的比特指示，例如，“0”指示没有抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波，“1”指示抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波。
在传统LTE中，虽然UE接收到了RAR，但UE需要抢占到信道后，才能发送物理上行共享信道(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，PUSCH)资源，如果一旦UE没有成功抢占信道，发送相应的PUSCH，基站会认为RAR发送不成功，因此，本发明实施例还提出在终端接收基站发送的RAR之后，终端还可以通过授权载波发送混合自动重传请求确认(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest，HARQ)信息至基站，HARQ-ACK信息用于通知基站终端已收到基站发送的RAR。因此，基站获知UE本次随机接入成功，等待UE发送相应的PUSCH。
参阅图6所示，UE1随机接入成功的详细过程为：
S601：基站通知UE1preamble index，以及发送PRACH时间窗口信息至UE1。
例如，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小。
S602：UE1判断当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和小于最大信道占用时间，采用快速信道接入方式成功抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
S603：UE1在PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源，在检测到的第一个 PRACH资源上向基站发送preamble index对应的preamble。
S604：基站发送RAR时间窗口消息。
例如，RAR时间窗口消息携带RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
S605：基站在超出RAR时间大小窗前成功抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波，通过授权载波向终端发送的第一指示信息。
第一指示信息用于通知终端基站抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波。
S606：基站通过用于发送RAR的非授权载波向UE1发送RAR。
S607：UE1在RAR时间窗口内接收RAR，通过授权载波发送HARQ信息至基站。
基于与上述图2～图6所对应的实施例同样的发明构思，本申请还提供了一种随机接入方法。本实施例中与图2～图6所对应的实施例重复的内容不再赘述。参阅图7所示，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入方法，包括：
步骤700：基站生成PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小。
步骤710：基站将PRACH时间窗口信息发送至终端。
可选地，PRACH时间窗口信息还携带PRACH时间窗口内PRACH资源的配置规则和/或PRACH资源的时频资源信息。
可选地，PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
可选地，PRACH时间窗口信息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给终端。
可选地，在基站将PRACH时间窗口信息发送至终端之后，还包括：
基站在接收到终端发送的preamble时，基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
基站在超出RAR时间窗大小前，在抢占到的用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向终端发送RAR。
可选地，在基站在抢占到的用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向终端发送RAR之前，还包括：
基站通过授权载波向终端发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于通知终端基站抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，在基站在抢占到的用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向终端发送RAR之后，还包括：
基站接收终端通过授权载波发送的HARQ-ACK信息，HARQ-ACK信息用于通知基站终端已收到基站发送的RAR。
可选地，在基站将PRACH时间窗口信息发送至终端之后，还包括：
基站在接收到终端发送的preamble时，基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
基站在超出RAR时间大小窗前未抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波时，基站通过授权载波向终端发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于通知终端基站没有抢占到用于发送RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，在基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波之前，还包括：
基站向终端发送RAR时间窗口消息，RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，或者RAR时间窗口的最新大小，或者RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，RAR时间窗口消息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给终端。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例中还提供了一种随机接入装置，该装置可以为图2所示实施例中的终端，可以用于执行上述图2对应的方法实施例，因此本发明实施例提供的随机接入装置的实施方式可以参见该方法的实施方式，重复之处不再赘述。
参阅图8所示，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入装置800，包括：
收发单元810，用于接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
处理单元820，用于抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
以及采用所述收发单元810在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到 的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
可选地，采用所述收发单元810在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入时，所述处理单元820，具体用于：
在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前接入所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，并在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源；
采用所述收发单元810在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送前导码preamble。
可选地，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息；
在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源时，所述处理单元820，具体用于：
根据所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源。
可选地，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
可选地，所述收发单元810通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站通知的所述PRACH时间窗口信息。
可选地，抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波时，所述处理单元820，具体用于：
判断当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和是否小于等于最大信道占用时间；
若是，采用预设信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
否则，采用Category-4信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
可选地，所述处理单元820，还用于：
在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接 收到所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息采用所述收发单元810接收所述基站发送的RAR；
其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，所述收发单元810通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站发送的所述RAR时间窗口消息。
可选地，所述收发单元810，还用于：
在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收所述基站发送的RAR之前，接收所述基站通过授权载波发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述装置所述基站抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，所述收发单元810，还用于：
在接收所述基站发送的RAR之后，通过授权载波发送混合自动重传请求确认HARQ-ACK信息至所述基站，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述基站所述装置已收到所述基站发送的RAR。
可选地，所述处理单元820，还用于：
在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收到所述基站发送的RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息确定未接收所述基站发送的RAR，且接收到所述基站通过授权载波发送的第二指示信息，则在下一次发送所述Preamble时保持发送功率不变；
其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量；所述第二指示信息用于通知所述装置所述基站没有抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例中还提供了一种随机接入装置，该装置可以为图7所示实施例中的基站，可以用于执行上述图7对应的方法实施 例，因此本发明实施例提供的随机接入装置的实施方式可以参见该方法的实施方式，重复之处不再赘述。
参阅图9所示，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入装置900，包括：
处理单元910，用于生成PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带所述PRACH时间窗口大小；
收发单元920，用于将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端。
可选地，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内PRACH资源的配置规则和/或PRACH资源的时频资源信息。
可选地，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
可选地，所述收发单元920将所述PRACH时间窗口信息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
可选地，所述处理单元910，还用于：
将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
在超出RAR时间窗大小前，采用所述收发单元920在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR。
可选地，所述收发单元920，还用于：
在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之前，通过授权载波向所述终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述终端所述装置抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，所述收发单元920，还用于：
在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之后，接收所述终端通过授权载波发送的HARQ-ACK信息，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述装置所述终端已收到所述基站发送的所述RAR。
可选地，所述处理单元910，还用于：
将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
在超出RAR时间大小窗前未抢占到所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波时，采用收发单元通过授权载波向所述终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站没有抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
可选地，所述收发单元920，还用于：
在抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波之前，向所述终端发送RAR时间窗口消息，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：所述RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
可选地，所述收发单元920将所述RAR时间窗口消息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是各个模块单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
所述集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例中还提供了一种随机接入设备，该随机接入设备可以为图2所示实施例中的终端，为图8所示实施例的装置，因 此本发明实施例提供的随机接入设备的实施方式可以参见图2和图8所示实施例的实施方式，重复之处不再赘述。
参阅图10所示，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入设备，包括：收发器1001、处理器1002和存储器1003，收发器1001、处理器1002以及存储器1003之间通过总线连接，其中：
收发器1001，用于接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
存储器1003，用于存储处理器1002执行的程序代码；
处理器1002，用于通过存储器1003中的程序代码,执行以下操作：抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
以及用于采用收发器1001在超出PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例中还提供了一种随机接入设备，该随机接入设备可以为图7所示实施例中的基站，为图9所示实施例的装置，因此本发明实施例提供的随机接入设备的实施方式可以参见图7和图9所示实施例的实施方式，重复之处不再赘述。
参阅图11所示，本发明实施例提供一种随机接入设备，包括：收发器1101、处理器1102和存储器1103，收发器1101、处理器1102以及存储器1103之间通过总线连接，其中：
存储器1103，用于存储处理器1102执行的程序代码；
处理器1102，用于通过存储器1103中的程序代码,执行以下操作：生成PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
收发器1101，用于将PRACH时间窗口信息发送至终端。
本发明实施例中总线在图10、图11中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图10、图11中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
参阅图10、图11所示，上述实施例中的存储器，用于存储处理器执行的程序代码，可以是易失性存储器(英文：volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(英文：random-access memory，缩写：RAM)；存储器也可以是非易失性存储器(英文：non-volatile memory)，例如只读存储器(英文：read-only memory，缩写：ROM)，快闪存储器(英文：flash memory)，硬盘(英文：hard disk drive，缩写：HDD)或固态硬盘(英文：solid-state drive，缩写：SSD)、或者存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是上述存储器的组合。
参阅图10、图11所示，上述实施例中的处理器，可以是一个中央处理单元(英文：central processing unit，简称CPU)。
本发明实施例提供一种随机接入方法，用以增加PRACH接入的机会。该方法包括：终端接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小，终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。因此，通过配置PRACH时间窗，终端有更多的机会抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，极大地提高了PRACH接入的成功率。
此外，本发明实施例中提出的快速信道接入方式，省去了LBT抢占信道的过程，增加了PRACH接入成功的概率。本发明实施例还提出将RAR时间窗口进行延长或向后偏移，增加基站抢占信道的成功率，同时增加终端PRACH接入的成功率。本发明实施例还提出基站将自身是否成功抢占用于发送RAR非授权子载波的情况通知给终端，以及终端将自身随机接入成功的消息通知给基站。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、***、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个 其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(***)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程
和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (42)

  1. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端接收基站发送的物理随机接入信道PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
    所述终端抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
    所述终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入，包括：
    所述终端在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前接入所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，并在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源；
    所述终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送前导码preamble。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息；
    所述终端在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源，包括：
    所述终端根据所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端通过无线资源控制协议RRC信令或通过物理下行控制信道PDCCH信令接收所述基站通知的所述PRACH时间窗口信息。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端抢占配置 有PRACH资源的非授权载波，包括：
    所述终端判断当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和是否小于等于最大信道占用时间；
    若是，所述终端采用预设信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
    否则，所述终端采用Category-4信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
  7. 如权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，还包括：
    所述终端在接收到所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息接收所述基站发送的RAR；
    其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站发送的所述RAR时间窗口消息。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收所述基站发送的RAR之前，还包括：
    所述终端接收所述基站通过授权载波发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  10. 如权利要求7-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端接收所述基站发送的RAR之后，还包括：
    所述终端通过授权载波发送混合自动重传请求确认HARQ-ACK信息至所述基站，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述基站所述终端已收到所述基站发送的RAR。
  11. 如权利要求2或3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端在检 测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，还包括：
    所述终端在接收到所述基站发送的RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息确定未接收所述基站发送的RAR，且接收到所述基站通过授权载波发送的第二指示信息，则在下一次发送所述Preamble时保持发送功率不变；
    其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量；所述第二指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站没有抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  12. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站生成PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带所述PRACH时间窗口大小；
    所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内PRACH资源的配置规则和/或PRACH资源的时频资源信息。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
  15. 如权利要求12-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
  16. 如权利要求12-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，还包括：
    所述基站在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，所述基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
    所述基站在超出RAR时间窗大小前，在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述基站在抢占到的所 述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之前，还包括：
    所述基站通过授权载波向所述终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  18. 如权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述基站在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之后，还包括：
    所述基站接收所述终端通过授权载波发送的HARQ-ACK信息，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述基站所述终端已收到所述基站发送的所述RAR。
  19. 如权利要求12-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，还包括：
    所述基站在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，所述基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
    所述基站在超出RAR时间大小窗前未抢占到所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波时，通过授权载波向所述终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站没有抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  20. [根据细则91更正 12.07.2016]
    如权利要求17-19任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述基站抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波之前，还包括：
    所述基站向所述终端发送RAR时间窗口消息，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：所述RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站将所述RAR时间窗口消息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
  22. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收基站发送的PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带PRACH时间窗口大小；
    处理单元，用于抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；以及采用所述收 发单元在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，采用所述收发单元在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前在抢占到的所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波上进行PRACH接入时，所述处理单元，具体用于：
    在超出所述PRACH时间窗口大小前接入所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波，并在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源；
    采用所述收发单元在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送前导码preamble。
  24. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息；
    在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源时，所述处理单元，具体用于：
    根据所述PRACH资源的配置规则和/或所述PRACH资源的时频资源信息在所述PRACH时间窗口内检测PRACH资源。
  25. 如权利要求22-24任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
  26. 如权利要求22-25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站通知的所述PRACH时间窗口信息。
  27. 如权利要求22-26任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，抢占配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波时，所述处理单元，具体用于：
    判断当前接收下行数据的时长和PRACH传输时长之和是否小于等于最大信道占用时间；
    若是，采用预设信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波；
    否则，采用Category-4信道接入方式抢占所述配置有PRACH资源的非授权载波。
  28. 如权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于：
    在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收到所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息采用所述收发单元接收所述基站发送的RAR；
    其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令接收所述基站发送的所述RAR时间窗口消息。
  30. 如权利要求28或29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收所述基站发送的RAR之前，接收所述基站通过授权载波发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通知所述装置所述基站抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  31. 如权利要求28-30任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    在接收所述基站发送的RAR之后，通过授权载波发送混合自动重传请求确认HARQ-ACK信息至所述基站，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述基站所述装置已收到所述基站发送的RAR。
  32. 如权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于：
    在检测到的第一个PRACH资源上向所述基站发送preamble之后，在接收到所述基站发送的RAR时间窗口消息时，根据所述RAR时间窗口消息确 定未接收所述基站发送的RAR，且接收到所述基站通过授权载波发送的第二指示信息，则在下一次发送所述Preamble时保持发送功率不变；
    其中，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量；所述第二指示信息用于通知所述装置所述基站没有抢占到用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  33. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于生成PRACH时间窗口信息，所述PRACH时间窗口信息携带所述PRACH时间窗口大小；
    收发单元，用于将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端。
  34. 如权利要求33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述PRACH时间窗口信息还携带所述PRACH时间窗口内PRACH资源的配置规则和/或PRACH资源的时频资源信息。
  35. 如权利要求34所述的装置，其特征在于，所述PRACH资源在频域上占用不连续的资源块。
  36. 如权利要求33-35任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元将所述PRACH时间窗口信息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
  37. 如权利要求33-36任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于：
    将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
    在超出RAR时间窗大小前，采用所述收发单元在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR。
  38. 如权利要求37所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之前，通过授权载波向所述终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于通 知所述终端所述装置抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  39. 如权利要求37或38所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    在抢占到的所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波上向所述终端发送RAR之后，接收所述终端通过授权载波发送的HARQ-ACK信息，所述HARQ-ACK信息用于通知所述装置所述终端已收到所述基站发送的所述RAR。
  40. 如权利要求33-36任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于：
    将所述PRACH时间窗口信息发送至所述终端之后，在接收到所述终端发送的preamble时，抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波；
    在超出RAR时间大小窗前未抢占到所述用于发送RAR的非授权载波时，采用收发单元通过授权载波向所述终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于通知所述终端所述基站没有抢占到所述用于发送所述RAR的非授权载波。
  41. 如权利要求33-36任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    在抢占用于发送RAR的非授权载波之前，向所述终端发送RAR时间窗口消息，所述RAR时间窗口消息携带以下至少一种信息的组合：所述RAR时间窗口的延长量，所述RAR时间窗口的最新大小，所述RAR时间窗口的子帧偏移量。
  42. 如权利要求41所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元将所述RAR时间窗口消息通过RRC信令或通过PDCCH信令通知给所述终端。
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