WO2017190580A1 - Procédé et dispositif d'accès à une base de données - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif d'accès à une base de données Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017190580A1
WO2017190580A1 PCT/CN2017/080290 CN2017080290W WO2017190580A1 WO 2017190580 A1 WO2017190580 A1 WO 2017190580A1 CN 2017080290 W CN2017080290 W CN 2017080290W WO 2017190580 A1 WO2017190580 A1 WO 2017190580A1
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Prior art keywords
request
log
database
data
local
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PCT/CN2017/080290
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋昭
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北京奇虎科技有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/27—Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/24—Querying
    • G06F16/245—Query processing
    • G06F16/2458—Special types of queries, e.g. statistical queries, fuzzy queries or distributed queries
    • G06F16/2471—Distributed queries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for accessing a database.
  • the database is a technology that adapts to such requirements. Simply put, a database is a collection of data that is preserved in a way that can be persisted and manipulated.
  • the LSM Tree database represented by leveldb is taken as an example.
  • the database will look for the read operation from the local client after receiving the read operation request from the user client. , then return a response message to the user client.
  • Such a reading method has a low read performance and cannot satisfy the situation where a large amount of hot data is required. Therefore, this technical problem needs to be solved urgently.
  • the present invention has been made in order to provide a method and corresponding apparatus for accessing a database that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems.
  • a method of accessing a database comprising: receiving a request from a client to access a database; performing type analysis on the request to determine whether the request is a data write request; When the request is a data write request, the corresponding write operation of the request is recorded to the local log, and the corresponding data of the request is written to the cache layer of the database.
  • an apparatus for accessing a database comprising: a request receiving module adapted to receive a request from a client to access a database; and a request analysis module adapted to perform type analysis on the request to Determining whether the request is a data write request; and the first write module is adapted to record the write operation corresponding to the request to the local when the request analysis module determines that the request is a write request for data Log and write the corresponding data of the request to the cache layer of the database.
  • a computer program comprising computer readable code, when said computer readable code is run on a computing device, causing said computing device to perform access to a database as described above Methods.
  • a type analysis is performed on the request to determine if the request is a data write request.
  • the corresponding write operation of the data write request is recorded to the local log, and the corresponding data of the data write request is written into the cache layer of the database. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention directly writes the data corresponding to the data write request to the cache layer of the database, and returns a response message to the client, which can improve the efficiency of subsequent reading of the data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention records the corresponding write operation of the data write request to the local log, so that the local log can be used to asynchronously write the corresponding data of the write request into the database, thereby ensuring the persistence and integrity of the data in the database.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method of accessing a database according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a method of accessing a database according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for accessing a database according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for accessing a database according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a computing setup for performing a method of accessing a database in accordance with the present invention Prepared block diagram
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows a storage unit for holding or carrying program code implementing a method of accessing a database according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method of accessing a database in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method may at least include step S102, step S104, and step S106:
  • Step S102 receiving a request from a client to access a database
  • Step S104 performing type analysis on the request to determine whether the request is a data write request
  • Step S106 when the request is a data write request, the corresponding write operation of the request is recorded to the local log, and the corresponding data of the request is written into the cache layer of the database.
  • the local log refers to the log file stored by the database on the hard disk of the local physical machine, which is used to record the operation of the database being accessed.
  • a type analysis is performed on the request to determine if the request is a data write request.
  • the corresponding write operation of the data write request is recorded to the local log, and the corresponding data of the data write request is written into the cache layer of the database. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention directly writes the data corresponding to the data write request to the cache layer of the database, and returns a response message to the client without writing the data into the database, thereby improving subsequent reading of the data. effectiveness.
  • the embodiment of the present invention records the corresponding write operation of the data write request to the local log, so that the local log can be used to asynchronously write the corresponding data of the write request into the database, thereby ensuring the persistence and integrity of the data in the database.
  • the security authentication policy can be set to be based on which IP address the client is not allowed to query the database; except for a certain IP address, the client cannot delete, modify the data in the database, and so on.
  • the statement accessing the database may be parsed from the request, and the type of operation of the statement is analyzed to determine whether the request is data.
  • Write request The types here are such as add, delete, modify, query, etc.
  • the statement is a statement to increase the operation, the request is determined to be a data write request; when the statement is a delete operation statement, the request is determined to be a data write request.
  • the statement is a statement to modify the operation, it is determined that the request is a data write request; when the statement is a statement of the query operation, the request is determined to be a data read request, and so on.
  • the cache layer mentioned in the above step S106 may be a cache layer newly created outside the database. Since the database itself does not have a cache layer, the embodiment of the present invention chooses to create a new cache layer outside the database for temporarily storing data. For example, after the corresponding write operation of the write request is recorded to the local log, the corresponding data of the write request is written into the newly created cache layer, and a response message is returned to the client, thereby improving subsequent reading of the data. effectiveness.
  • the cache layer of the corresponding storage capacity may be selected according to the service requirement, and the type of the cache layer may be, for example, a distributed cache system memcached or a content-based redis.
  • the above step S106 records the corresponding write operation of the request to the local log, and writes the corresponding data of the request to the cache layer of the database.
  • the first thread can be invoked, and the first thread is used to record the corresponding write operation to the local log and the corresponding data is requested to be written to the cache layer. That is to say, the first thread writes the corresponding write operation to the local log, and then writes the corresponding data to the cache layer, and then returns a response message indicating that the database write has been completed to the client.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can use the local log to asynchronously write the corresponding data of the write request to the database, that is, call the second thread and scan the local log by using the second thread.
  • the second thread can scan the local log in real time, or can set a specific scanning period (such as 0.5 seconds or 1 second, etc.) to scan the local log.
  • the embodiment of the present invention when determining the log increment, provides a An optional solution is to use the second thread to scan the local log to determine whether there is an unmarked log record in the local log, and if there is an unmarked log record, determine that the unmarked log record is a log increment. . Further, after the corresponding data of the log increment is written into the database, the corresponding log record of the log increment is marked in the local log to indicate that the corresponding data of the log increment has been written into the database, and the repeated writing can be avoided. The problem. For example, after the corresponding data of the log increment is written into the database, the corresponding log record of the log increment can be marked in the local log as "operated" or "recorded".
  • the marked log records in the local log may be deleted, for example, the local log is set, and the marked log records may be deleted every predetermined time.
  • the local log can be divided according to the size. When the log records in a certain segmentation area are all marked, the log records in the segmentation area can be deleted.
  • the local log can be utilized after the database is restarted next time. Data recovery for the database to achieve the purpose of fault repair. Specifically, after the database fails to restart, the scan thread is enabled, and the scan thread is used to scan the local log to determine whether there is an unmarked log record in the local log, and if so, the unmarked log record is written correspondingly. Enter the database and mark unmarked log records in the local log.
  • the database works normally, and new data is also written in the cache layer (here, the first thread mentioned above may be used to record the corresponding write operation to the local log and request the corresponding data to be written.
  • the first thread mentioned above may be used to record the corresponding write operation to the local log and request the corresponding data to be written.
  • the scan thread here has the same effect as the second thread mentioned above, and the scan thread is asynchronous with the first thread.
  • the data since the data is cached at the cache layer, when the request for accessing the database from the client is a data read request, it may be directly in the cache layer. Find the corresponding data of the read request, and return the found data to the client, thereby reducing the read access to the database and improving the efficiency of data reading.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may read the request. Forwarding to the database, looking up the corresponding data of the read request in the database, returning the corresponding data of the read request to the client, and buffering the corresponding data of the read request in the cache layer.
  • the cache layer of the corresponding storage capacity is selected according to the service requirement, and a cache layer is newly created for the database, and the type of the cache layer may be a distributed cache system memcached or a memory-based redis.
  • step S202 is a flow chart showing a method of accessing a database according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method may at least include step S202, step S204, step S206, step S208, and step S210.
  • Step S202 a new cache layer is created for the database, and a request for accessing the database from the client is received.
  • Step S204 performing type analysis on the request to determine whether the request is a data write request, and if yes, proceeding to step S206; if not, proceeding to step S208.
  • Step S206 the first thread is called, and the first thread is used to record the corresponding write operation to the local log and the corresponding data is requested to be written into the cache layer.
  • the local log refers to the log file stored by the database on the hard disk of the local physical machine, which is used to record the operation of the database being accessed.
  • Step S208 When the request for accessing the database from the client is a data read request, the data corresponding to the read request is searched in the cache layer, and the found data is returned to the client.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may forward the read request to the database.
  • the database searches for the corresponding data of the read request, returns the corresponding data of the read request to the client, and caches the corresponding data of the read request in the cache layer.
  • Step S210 invoking the second thread and scanning the local log by using the second thread to determine whether there is a log increment in the local log, where the second thread is asynchronous with the first thread, if the local log is found If there is a log increment, the corresponding data of the log increment is written to the database.
  • the second thread may be used to scan the local log to determine whether there is an unmarked log record in the local log. If there is an unmarked log record, it is determined that the unmarked log record is a log increment. . Further, after the corresponding data of the log increment is written into the database, the corresponding log record of the log increment is marked in the local log to indicate that the corresponding data of the log increment has been written into the database, and the repeated writing can be avoided. The problem. For example, after the corresponding data of the log increment is written into the database, the corresponding log record of the log increment can be marked in the local log as "operated" or "recorded". In addition, to save local storage space, you can delete the log records that have been marked in the local log.
  • the database can be performed by using the local log after the database is restarted next time. Data recovery to achieve the purpose of fault repair. Specifically, after the database fails to restart, the scan thread is enabled, and the scan thread is used to scan the local log to determine whether there is an unmarked log record in the local log, and if so, the unmarked log record is written correspondingly. Enter the database and mark unmarked log records in the local log.
  • the database works normally, and new data is also written in the cache layer (here, the first thread mentioned above may be used to record the corresponding write operation to the local log and request the corresponding data to be written.
  • the first thread mentioned above may be used to record the corresponding write operation to the local log and request the corresponding data to be written.
  • the scan thread here has the same effect as the second thread mentioned above, and the scan thread is asynchronous with the first thread.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for accessing a database.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of an apparatus for accessing a database according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus 300 can include at least a request receiving module 310, a request analyzing module 320, and a first writing module 330.
  • the request receiving module 310 is adapted to receive a request from the client to access the database
  • the request analysis module 320 is coupled to the request receiving module 310 and is adapted to perform type analysis on the request to determine whether the request is a data write request;
  • the first write module 330 is coupled to the request analysis module 320, and is adapted to, when the request analysis module determines that the request is a write request for data, record the corresponding write operation to the local log, and write the corresponding data request. Enter the cache layer of the database.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 may further include:
  • the reading module 340 is coupled to the request analysis module 320 and the first write module 330, and is adapted to look up the request corresponding data in the cache layer when the request analysis module 320 determines that the request is a read request for data, and is to search The data returned is returned to the client.
  • the first writing module 330 is further adapted to:
  • the first thread is called, and the first thread is used to record the corresponding write operation to the local log and the corresponding data is requested to be written to the cache layer.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 may further include:
  • the second write module 350 is coupled to the first write module 330, and is adapted to invoke the second thread and scan the local log by using the second thread to determine whether there is a log increment in the local log, where the second thread and the first thread Asynchronous; and if a log increment is found in the local log, the corresponding data of the log increment is written to the database.
  • the second writing module 350 is further adapted to:
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 may further include:
  • the marking module 360 is coupled to the second writing module 350, and is adapted to mark the corresponding log record of the log increment in the local log after the second writing module 350 writes the corresponding data of the log increment into the database. .
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 may further include:
  • a deletion module 370 coupled to the tagging module 360, is adapted to delete the marked log records in the local log.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 may further include:
  • the fault processing module 380 is coupled to the first writing module 330 and the marking module 360, and is adapted to After the database fails to restart, scan the local log to determine if there are unmarked log records in the local log;
  • the corresponding data of the unmarked log records is written to the database, and the unmarked log records are marked in the local log.
  • the reading module 340 is further adapted to:
  • the request analysis module determines that the request is a read request for data, if the corresponding data is not found in the cache layer, the request is forwarded to the database;
  • the cache layer is a distributed cache system memcached.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
  • a type analysis is performed on the request to determine if the request is a data write request.
  • the corresponding write operation of the data write request is recorded to the local log, and the corresponding data of the data write request is written into the cache layer of the database. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention directly writes the data corresponding to the data write request to the cache layer of the database, and returns a response message to the client, which can improve the efficiency of subsequent reading of the data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention records the corresponding write operation of the data write request to the local log, so that the local log can be used to asynchronously write the corresponding data of the write request into the database, thereby ensuring the persistence and integrity of the data in the database.
  • modules in the devices of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from the embodiment.
  • the modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and further they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components.
  • any combination of the features disclosed in the specification, including the accompanying claims, the abstract and the drawings, and any methods so disclosed, or All processes or units of the device are combined.
  • Each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, the abstract and the drawings) may be replaced by alternative features that provide the same, equivalent or similar purpose.
  • the various component embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, or in a software module running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof.
  • a microprocessor or digital signal processor may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functionality of some or all of the components of the device for accessing a database in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
  • the invention can also be implemented as a device or device program (e.g., a computer program and a computer program product) for performing some or all of the methods described herein.
  • a program implementing the invention may be stored on a computer readable medium or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such signals may be downloaded from an Internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a computing device that can implement a method of accessing a database in accordance with the present invention.
  • the computing device conventionally includes a processor 510 and a computer program product or computer readable medium in the form of a memory 520.
  • the memory 520 may be an electronic memory such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), an EPROM, a hard disk, or a ROM.
  • Memory 520 has a storage space 530 that stores program code 531 for performing any of the method steps described above.
  • the storage space 530 storing the program code can be stored separately for implementing the above
  • the program code can be read from or written to one or more computer program products.
  • Such computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, compact disks (CDs), memory cards or floppy disks.
  • Such a computer program product is typically a portable or fixed storage unit such as that shown in FIG.
  • the storage unit may have storage segments, storage spaces, and the like that are similarly arranged to memory 520 in the computing device of FIG.
  • the program code can be compressed, for example, in an appropriate form.
  • the storage unit stores computer readable code 531' for performing the method steps of the present invention, ie, code that can be read by a processor, such as 510, when the code is run by a computing device, causing the computing device Perform the various steps in the method described above.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et dispositif permettant d'accéder à une base de données. Le procédé consiste : à recevoir une demande d'un client pour accéder à une base de données (S102); à analyser le type de demande de façon à déterminer si la demande est une demande d'écriture de données (S104); et lorsque la demande est une demande d'écriture de données, à enregistrer une opération d'écriture correspondant à la demande vers un journal local, et à écrire des données correspondant à la demande vers une couche tampon de la base de données (S106). Le procédé permet d'améliorer l'efficacité d'une lecture de données ultérieure.
PCT/CN2017/080290 2016-05-06 2017-04-12 Procédé et dispositif d'accès à une base de données WO2017190580A1 (fr)

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CN111008233A (zh) * 2019-11-24 2020-04-14 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 一种kv数据库的访问方法、装置及设备
CN112231274A (zh) * 2020-10-16 2021-01-15 京东数字科技控股股份有限公司 日志汇总方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
CN112231274B (zh) * 2020-10-16 2024-04-05 京东科技控股股份有限公司 日志汇总方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质

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