WO2017190448A1 - Biological feedback training system and method, and intelligent terminal - Google Patents

Biological feedback training system and method, and intelligent terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017190448A1
WO2017190448A1 PCT/CN2016/096212 CN2016096212W WO2017190448A1 WO 2017190448 A1 WO2017190448 A1 WO 2017190448A1 CN 2016096212 W CN2016096212 W CN 2016096212W WO 2017190448 A1 WO2017190448 A1 WO 2017190448A1
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feedback
evaluation
training
information
user
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PCT/CN2016/096212
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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包磊
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包磊
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/0205—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/0816—Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1118—Determining activity level
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A61M2021/0005—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus

Definitions

  • Biofeedback training system method and intelligent terminal
  • the present invention relates to the field of intelligent medicine, and in particular, to a biofeedback training system, method, and intelligent terminal background technology.
  • Biofeedback therapy is a modern physiological science instrument that allows patients to undergo conscious "ideal" control and psychological training through special training through physiological feedback of physiological or pathological information in the human body, thereby eliminating pathological processes and restoring physical and mental health.
  • New psychotherapy methods The current biofeedback treatment still relies on professional expensive large-scale physiological parameter diagnostic equipment or biofeedback instruments, as well as subjective experience judgments and professional training guidance of psychologists.
  • the main problems are as follows:
  • a biofeedback training system includes a bioinformation feedback device and a smart terminal.
  • the bioinformation feedback device includes at least a sensor for collecting biometric information representing a human body state.
  • the intelligent terminal includes a signal receiving unit, an evaluation and a training feedback unit. And a display unit; the signal receiving unit receives the biological information representing the state of the human body; the evaluation and training feedback unit generates the evaluation feedback information according to the biological information received in a period of time, and the evaluation feedback information is used to represent a synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency in the period of time; a display unit, configured to at least continuously provide the evaluation feedback information to the user, and guide the user to change the biological information by adjusting the human body state until the heart rate is made Resonate with the respiratory rate.
  • An intelligent terminal for feedback training comprising: a signal receiving unit that actually receives biological information characterizing a human body state; and an evaluation and training feedback unit that generates an evaluation according to the biological information received in a period of time Feedback information, the evaluation feedback information is used to indicate a synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency in the period of time; a display unit, configured to at least continuously provide the evaluation feedback information to the user, and guide the user to adjust the human body state The biological information is changed until the heart rate and respiratory frequency are brought to resonance.
  • a biofeedback training method includes: receiving biometric information that characterizes a human body state; generating evaluation feedback information according to the biometric information received in a period of time, the evaluation feedback information being used to represent the segment The tendency of the heart rate and the respiratory rate in the daytime is synchronized; the evaluation feedback information is provided to the user at least continuously, and the user is guided to change the biological information by adjusting the state of the human body until the heart rate and the respiratory frequency are resonated.
  • the biofeedback training system, method and intelligent terminal provided by the present application can obtain the synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency of the user, so that the difference between the current training effect and the expected target can be actually provided to the user. Can effectively guide users to appropriate training, avoid excessive or invalid biological anti- Feeding training, which combines biofeedback and training process, and improves the effectiveness of biofeedback training.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system composition of an embodiment of a biofeedback training system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to Embodiment 1 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical model of a heart rate variability rhythm pattern analysis and a consistency ratio calculation method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a front end analog circuit module constructed based on a general hardware module design of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sensor digital circuit module based on a general structure of a biofeedback training device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of software implementation of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a biofeedback training method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a biofeedback training system 10 includes a biometric feedback device 101 and a smart terminal 103.
  • the biological information feedback device 101 can realize the collection, processing and output of the biological information of the human body.
  • the biological information described herein refers to various forms of signals that can reflect or characterize the physiological or pathological state of the human body from a certain aspect, and preferably The biological information can be obtained by various photoelectric, electrophysiological, and electrode sensors, and in some cases, signals directly input by the user, or received from other devices or networks. As shown in FIG.
  • the biological information feedback device 101 includes a first sensor 110, a second sensor 111, a signal processing unit 113, a signal analysis unit 115, and a signal output unit 117.
  • the first sensor 110 and the second sensor 111 are connected or attached to the human body, thereby collecting corresponding physiological information or physiological signals.
  • the number of sensors can be set as needed, and can be less than 2 or more than 2.
  • the first sensor 110 can be an electrocardiographic sensor and the second sensor 111 can be a respiration sensor.
  • the physiological information collected by the first sensor 110 and/or the second sensor 111 is generally an analog signal or an original signal, and is generally not suitable for direct presentation to a user for observation, amplification, filtering, or analog/digital conversion by the signal processing unit 113. etc to the signal analyzing unit 115 post-processing, further performs signal analysis and characteristic signal analysis unit 115 value extraction outputting a physiological signal or parameter makes intuitive sense, and the signal output unit 117 may be the physiological information or parameters, comprising The extracted feature values and the like are transmitted to the smart terminal 130 by wireless transmission. It should be noted that the bioinformation feedback device 101 and the smart terminal 103 of the present embodiment are two components/devices that are relatively independent.
  • the bioinformation feedback device 101 may be a wearable device, including but not limited to a smart clothes and a watch.
  • An electrocardiographic sensor, a respiration sensor, a blood oxygen sensor, a blood pressure sensor are integrated or disposed on various forms of carriers such as clothes, rings, belts, etc.
  • the smart terminal 103 can be a smart terminal carried by the user, such as a smart phone. Therefore, the physiological signals collected by the bio-information feedback device 101 need to be transmitted to the smart terminal 103 through a certain transmission mode, and in this embodiment, such as Bluetooth, wi-fi, radio frequency, infrared, near field communication, optical communication, etc. are used. Short-range/long-distance wireless communication. Of course, signal transmission through traditional wired methods is also feasible.
  • the smart terminal 103 includes a signal receiving unit 130, an evaluation and training feedback unit 131, a display unit 133, a motion sensor 105, and a motion information feedback unit 107.
  • the signal receiving unit 130 receives the physiological signal output from the signal transmission unit 117 and transmits it to the display unit 133 and the evaluation and training feedback unit 131.
  • the physiological signal may be partially or completely displayed on the display unit, for example, the measured electrocardiogram waveform, the extracted heart rate parameter, the respiratory waveform or the extracted respiratory rate parameter may be displayed on the display unit 133, and the data is displayed.
  • the peer can be received by the evaluation and training feedback unit 131.
  • the evaluation and training feedback unit 131 may be formed based on a microprocessor in some embodiments.
  • the smart terminal 103 may further include a motion sensor 105 and a motion information feedback unit 107.
  • the motion sensor 105 can sense the motion state of the user carrying the smart terminal, and form motion data feedback to the evaluation and training feedback unit 131 via the motion information feedback unit 107.
  • the evaluation and training feedback unit 131 performs the integrated processing on the received physiological signal and the motion data, and outputs the feedback information to the display unit 133, so that the user can realize the actual physiological state and obtain the feedback training effect, and can be based on This adjustment of self-training methods or methods, daytime, etc., makes the feedback training more targeted and effective, and can also enhance the user's intimacy using the feedback system.
  • the evaluation and training feedback unit 131 may also output an intuitive physiological/psychological state evaluation result or score, exercise guidance information, training feedback effect, encouragement signal, alarm signal, entertainment signal, etc. according to the monitored physiological signal, motion signal or comprehensive evaluation information. information.
  • the motion sensor 105 may be a sensor/sensing module of the type such as an inertial sensor, a gyroscope, an accelerometer, or a GPS.
  • the motion sensor 105 and the motion information feedback unit 107 may be various types of sensors integrated in a smart terminal such as the above-described mobile phone. That is, in the case where a smartphone is employed as the smart terminal 103, the motion sensing function can use the motion sensor in the existing smart terminal device.
  • the smart terminal 103 may further include a storage unit 137 and an interaction unit 135.
  • the storage unit 137 can be used to store physiological signals and motion information monitored in a period of time, form historical data, can be viewed by the user, or output more other information according to historical data and/or current measurement data, such as an alarm, Encourage, entertain, remind, etc.
  • the biofeedback training system in Figure 1 is based on a wearable device, wherein the biofeedback system is based on a universal knot
  • the hardware module of the structure builds the hardware platform of the feedback training system. From the perspective of user experience, the advanced industrial usability design method is adopted, and the design concept of comfort and sturdiness is complied with under the premise of satisfying the system reliability, and the individual is fully considered. Differences in culture and lifestyle, using a modular system architecture to create a reconfigurable, reliable, comfortable, and robust wearable biofeedback training system.
  • the platform mainly includes physiological signal amplification and conditioning, biological signal conversion, biosignal information recording, and feedback information display. It can independently or cooperate with the functions of collecting, processing, transmitting, analyzing and displaying physiological signals.
  • the closed loop structure of the acquisition, the physiological and feedback evaluation, and the feedback training of the physiological signals is established through intelligent terminals, such as smart phones, handheld smart devices, personal computers, and the like.
  • the physiological information detection, feedback efficiency evaluation and feedback training adjustment are the actual synchronization.
  • the physiological sensor in the first embodiment may be an electrocardiographic sensor and a respiration sensor.
  • the present invention can provide a universal and non-disruptive wearable biofeedback system for home and mobile environments.
  • the ECG signal and respiratory signal are monitored to guide individuals to perform biofeedback training based on resonance frequency respiration, enhance the regulation and regulation function of the individual autonomic nervous system, and reduce the stress response of the central nervous system.
  • physiological signals or characteristic values such as heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate rhythm patterns can be extracted to characterize cardiac activity, and respiratory rhythm patterns or respiratory rates can be extracted from respiratory signals to characterize user respiratory activities.
  • HRV heart rate variability
  • respiratory rhythm patterns or respiratory rates can be extracted from respiratory signals to characterize user respiratory activities.
  • heart rate variability the degree of sinus arrhythmia
  • Heart rate variability refers specifically to the phenomenon of constant changes in each heartbeat.
  • the inter-turn interval of each heartbeat corresponds to the instantaneous heart rate of a person, which changes continuously with changes in people's breathing, blood pressure, mood, and environment. This change is controlled by the human autonomic nervous system (the interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems), and heart rate variability analysis is a powerful means of reflecting autonomic balance.
  • the heart rate variability feedback algorithm is designed and implemented. It is divided into three sub-algorithms: HRV Coerence Ratio (CR) calculation method, real dynamic waveform feedback algorithm and resonance breathing training algorithm. . These sub-algorithms are interlocked and combined with the wearable hardware platform to complete the whole process of the system's real signal detection, signal rhythm pattern analysis and respiratory training feedback. According to the calculation results of the algorithm of each stage, the instantaneous consistency ratio value, the instantaneous heart rate rhythm curve and the respiratory rhythm curve, and the HRV frequency domain distribution map are obtained, which are transmitted to the display unit 133 as graphic feedback and numerical feedback results. Display, help users to better understand and grasp the synchronization trend of the rhythm change and respiratory rhythm change in the center of the biofeedback training process, so as to better guide the user to complete the feedback training.
  • HRV Coerence Ratio CR
  • the function of biofeedback training evaluation or guidance can be realized by using the collected physiological signals or merging a plurality of physiological signals.
  • the heart rate variability characteristic value is extracted by the ECG signal, and the power spectral density value is calculated by means of Fourier transform or autoregressive model, and the consistency ratio value of the heart rate variability is calculated, which can be used as the evaluation resonance frequency.
  • An indicator of the efficiency of breathing training This indicator can be displayed directly through the display unit 133, or as a basis for outputting signals such as alarms and encouragements.
  • the user can compare the resonance respiration rate (target) by guiding the current instantaneous respiration rate to guide the next self. training.
  • the ECG signal and the respiratory signal are used to observe the matching of the rhythm pattern of the heart rate variability signal and the respiratory signal rhythm pattern by the morphological analysis method, and the guidance information is output to the display unit 133 as the feedback training efficiency evaluation.
  • One of the indicators thus guiding the autonomous user to perform resonance frequency breathing feedback training.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a front end analog circuit module constructed based on a general hardware module design of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention adopts a modular hardware design scheme of a universal structure, which can minimize the burst period, facilitate system maintenance and upgrade, reduce design hindrance, improve efficiency, and reduce ⁇ Costs, peers can improve the configurability and versatility of the entire system, and facilitate large-scale deployment of system solutions on a large scale.
  • the platform uses ECG sensors and respiratory sensors, and is optional.
  • Sensors such as pulse, oxygen saturation, real blood pressure sensors, myoelectric sensors, respiratory mechanics sensors, etc.
  • the sensor's circuit design follows international standards, adhering to the principles of miniaturization, low power consumption, low noise, high bandwidth, high signal-to-noise ratio and high precision. It is easy to design a new type of trunk network and integrate multiple sensors into wearable Among the carriers, such as clothes, watches, wristbands, belts, earphone ornaments, glasses, etc.
  • the electrocardiographic electrode is a fabric electrode made of a mixture of silver wire and conductive fiber, and is integrated into a carrier such as a garment, a wristwatch, a belt, etc., and a capacitive coupling between the electrode and the human body is used to realize different lead hearts. Detection of electrical signals.
  • the chest and abdomen respiration sensors are embedded in the wearable carrier with anti-twist sensor wires to measure the respiratory signal by sensing the physical deformation of the chest and abdominal cavity.
  • the sensor front end analog circuit design based on the general structure is shown in FIG. 4, and generally includes an analog front end 150, a signal conditioning unit 152, and an analog back end 154.
  • the analog front end 150 includes signal acquisition electrodes, such as electrocardiographic electrodes, respiration sensors, and in some embodiments, ECG electrodes and impedance respiration signals can also be obtained using ECG electrodes. Therefore, there can be only one / one of the physiological sensor or the signal acquisition electrode.
  • the analog front end 150 also includes a current/voltage transducer that can be used to convert a non-electrical physiological change signal into an electrical signal in the form of a current/voltage for subsequent signal processing.
  • the analog front end 150 can also include an impedance matching circuit.
  • the cardiac hearting unit 152 includes a general-purpose differential amplifier, a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, and a main amplifying unit for performing a series of processing on the original physiological signal which is usually weak and containing an interference signal to obtain a true and effective physiological condition. signal.
  • the analog back end 154 includes a universal design of the peripheral or end of the voltage compensation circuit, the voltage boost circuit, and the signal output expansion interface.
  • the invention shows that the signal conditioning according to the steps of differential amplification, high-pass filtering, low-pass filtering and main amplification can eliminate the problems of baseline drift and DC offset to the greatest extent through a large number of simulation and actual experiments, and has low power consumption. (single power supply), low cutoff frequency, low noise, high signal to noise ratio.
  • the multi-biosensor signal conditioning unit uses a very low-power instrumentation amplifier and operational amplifier that operates from a single supply (1.8V to 4.4V) and uses a single op amp pair using a multiplexed approach. Different physiological signals are used for bifurcation amplification, which reduces the number of op amps used, thereby further reducing system power consumption, reducing design space and saving cost.
  • a sensor digital circuit module based on a general structure includes a digital signal processing unit 171, and an electric The source management unit 173, the peripheral circuit 177, and the communication module 179.
  • the power management unit 173 is responsible for powering the entire circuit and handling abnormal conditions such as low power.
  • the peripheral circuit 177 mainly includes an alarm and input unit and a display and storage unit.
  • the communication module 179 can be regarded as a part of the signal output unit 117 in FIG.
  • the communication module 179 may include one of the communication modules, and may also include two or more communication modules. In the case where the multi-communication module is included, which method can be automatically switched according to which signal is received by the smart terminal. The module works.
  • the digital signal processing unit 171 can be implemented by a microprocessor, such as TI's MSP430F149 microprocessor, and the digital signal processing unit 171 receives an analog signal input from the front end and can also receive an external control signal.
  • the on-chip 12-bit analog-to-digital converter module is used to convert the analog signal to the digital signal (ADC)
  • the serial peripheral interface (SPI) is used to implement the data storage function
  • the external memory such as the SD card and the TF card is used for data transmission
  • Functions such as real-time signals and data (connected to an OLED display, etc.) can be connected to an alarm module or an input device using a general-purpose I/O interface, thereby realizing the output of an alarm signal and the input of a control signal.
  • DMA Dynamic Multiple Access
  • USB Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Transceiver Module
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of software implementation of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the software architecture in the system is mainly used to implement bio-signal monitoring, analysis, evaluation, feedback and wireless transmission functions. It includes three main modules, namely signal monitoring module 190, signal analysis module 192 and Evaluation and feedback module 194.
  • the signal monitoring module 190 implements a system configuration function, and performs decoding operations on data packets wirelessly transmitted from the sensor platform to realize reconstruction of multi-mode physiological signals.
  • the signal monitoring module 190 integrates a signal denoising algorithm, using linear (median filtering, mean filtering, etc.) and nonlinear filtering algorithms (finite impulse response filtering, mathematical morphology filtering, etc.) for power frequency interference in the collected physiological signals. Noise, motion artifacts, baseline drift, and other high-frequency noise are processed to obtain clear and smooth signal waveforms on the display screen of the smart terminal 103, and the physiological data can be saved in a memory such as an SD card to realize physiological signals. Playback and other functions.
  • the signal monitoring module 190 controls the operation of the sensor platform by transmitting commands in a fixed format, changing its mode of operation. The short-distance/long-distance wireless transmission mode switching is implemented through the network communication interface configuration.
  • the signal analysis module 192 has functions of signal processing, feature value extraction, feature parameter analysis, and biosignal pattern recognition.
  • the main extracted eigenvalue parameters include the ⁇ domain parameters of heart rate variability, frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability, nonlinear parameters, respiratory rate and inspiratory/expiratory ratio, heart rate variability rhythm pattern and respiratory signal rhythm pattern. The meaning of these parameters and their application in the present invention are explained as follows:
  • parameters of the heart rate variability include: 1. SDNN (Standard deviation of
  • the frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability include: 1. High frequency (HF), in the parameter algorithm (AR regression model) represents the high frequency component curve (the center frequency band is in the range of 0.15 ⁇ 0.40 Hz) The integral value, in the parameterless algorithm (Fourier transform), represents the integral value of the entire spectral curve in the range of 0.15 ⁇ 0.40Hz, regulated by the vagus nerve; 2.
  • Low frequency (LF) in the parameterized algorithm
  • the integral value representing the low-frequency component curve in the range of 0.04 ⁇ 0.15Hz in the center frequency band
  • the parameterless algorithm represents the integral value of the whole spectrum curve in the range of 0.04 ⁇ 0.15Hz, which is jointly adjusted by the sympathetic nerve and the vagus nerve, and the body position
  • LH/HF low-frequency ratio
  • the normal range is 1.5 to 2.0, which mainly reflects the balance of sympathetic and vagal tone.
  • Spectral analysis can be performed using a combination of short-term analysis (5 minutes) and long-term (24 hours) analysis, which have different meanings.
  • the long-term spectrum analysis reflects the average autonomic regulation of 24 hours, which is used to monitor blood pressure, respiratory and cardiovascular physiological abnormalities.
  • the spectrum analysis between short sputum can reflect the subtle changes of autonomic regulation. ⁇ Detection and evaluation of emotional stress.
  • Non-linear parameters including scatter plots, approximate entropy, detrended analysis, etc.
  • non-linear parameters can be used as an auxiliary judgment method for emotion, stress and physiological abnormalities, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of detection.
  • Robustness Robot
  • Respiratory rate and inspiratory/expiratory ratio can be used to detect apnea events and snoring And respiratory related diseases or abnormalities.
  • the heart rate variability rhythm pattern and the respiratory signal rhythm pattern are visually displayed to indicate the feedback training effect.
  • the intelligent terminal is used as a feedback training terminal, and the software system in the terminal has the characteristics of cross-platform, and can be applied to various intelligent terminal platforms, and realizes physiological signal processing, eigenvalue and spectrum calculation, waveform display, and breathing.
  • Efficiency evaluation and respiratory feedback adjustment functions combined with multi-mode physiological signal fusion technology and other technologies to achieve a reliable, practical and comfortable new body area network.
  • the device is capable of autonomous adjustment and learning. Based on the physiological signals measured by the sensor and the respiratory efficiency evaluation mechanism, the evaluation threshold and the personalized respiratory frequency are optimized by an infinite iterative method.
  • the biofeedback training system of the present embodiment analyzes the heart rate variability, the respiratory rate or the synchronous trend of the heart rhythm pattern and the respiratory rhythm by collecting the electrocardiogram and the respiratory signal, and comparing the feedback signal with the current signal.
  • the user guides the user to control the rhythm of the heart rhythm and the rhythm of the breathing, determine the resonance frequency of the individual resonance, and perform the self-resonant breathing feedback training with this breathing frequency.
  • the device can accurately analyze physiological signals such as electrocardiogram, respiration, pulse, etc., calculate stress level and positive and negative emotional state, and effectively adjust the individual through breathing, meditation, etc., to achieve resonance of heart rate and respiratory frequency. In order to maximize the regulation of the autonomic nervous system.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is substantially the same as FIG. 1, with the main difference being that the motion sensor 205 and the motion information feedback unit 207 are integrated in the sensor platform.
  • each component unit is substantially the same as FIG. 1, and the main difference is that the motion sensor 205 and the motion information feedback unit 207 and the display unit 333 are integrated in The sensor platform is integrated into the wearable device. In this case, no additional intelligent terminals are required as part of the data processing and output.
  • the system includes three physiological sensors, namely an electrocardiogram sensor, a respiration sensor, and a blood oxygen sensor.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a biofeedback training method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes
  • Step S1 receiving biometric information that characterizes the state of the human body
  • Step S2 generating evaluation feedback information according to the biological information received in a period of time, the evaluation is reversed
  • the feed information is used to indicate a synchronous trend of the heart rate and the respiratory rate in the period of time;
  • Step S3 The evaluation feedback information is provided to the user at least continuously, and the user is guided to change the biological information by adjusting the human body state until the heart rate and the respiratory frequency reach resonance.
  • the biofeedback training system, method, and smart terminal device for biofeedback training of the present invention which obtain an ECG signal (heart rate variability) and a respiratory signal, and pass through a heart rate rhythm and a respiratory rhythm pattern Simultaneous measurement, comparison and self-adjustment to achieve real physiological state detection in the mobile environment, and synchronous self-feedback training based on resonance frequency respiration, thereby enhancing the regulatory function of the autonomous nervous system and enhancing the stress response of the central nervous system Level, can achieve the purpose of enhancing memory, focusing attention, improving learning and work efficiency, improving creativity and problem-solving, and reducing central nervous system stress response.
  • ECG signal heart rate variability
  • a respiratory rhythm pattern Simultaneous measurement, comparison and self-adjustment to achieve real physiological state detection in the mobile environment, and synchronous self-feedback training based on resonance frequency respiration, thereby enhancing the regulatory function of the autonomous nervous system and enhancing the stress response of the central nervous system Level, can achieve the purpose of enhancing memory, focusing attention,
  • the wearable biofeedback training device of the present invention not only can realize the physiological state of the user, but also can realize the training instruction based on the monitoring data output, so that the user can grasp the current physiological state at any time. And feedback training objectives, improve the effectiveness of feedback training and user friendliness

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  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

A biological feedback training system (10), comprising a biological information feedback apparatus (101) and an intelligent terminal (103). The biological information feedback apparatus (101) at least comprises sensors (110, 111) for collecting biological information characterizing a human body state. The intelligent terminal (103) comprises a signal receiving unit (130), an evaluation and training feedback unit (131) and a display unit (133). The signal receiving unit (130) receives the biological information characterizing a human body state in real time; the evaluation and training feedback unit (131) generates evaluation feedback information according to the biological information received within a period of time, the evaluation feedback information being used for representing a synchronous trend of a heart rate and a respiratory frequency within the period of time; and the display unit (133) at least continuously provides the evaluation feedback information to a user, and guides the user to change the biological information by adjusting the human body state until the heart rate and the respiratory frequency resonate. The system (10) can obtain the biological information and the evaluation feedback information in real time, can effectively conduct real-time training guidance on the user, and can improve the training effectiveness and a usage favourability of the user to a certain extent.

Description

生物反馈训练***、 方法及智能终端 技术领域  Biofeedback training system, method and intelligent terminal
[0001] 本发明涉及智能化医学领域， 尤其涉及一种生物反馈训练***、 方法及智能终 背景技术  [0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent medicine, and in particular, to a biofeedback training system, method, and intelligent terminal background technology.
[0002] 生物反馈疗法是利用现代生理科学仪器， 通过人体内生理或病理信息的自身反 馈， 使患者经过特殊训练后， 进行有意识的 "意念 "控制和心理训练， 从而消除病 理过程、 恢复身心健康的新型心理治疗方法。 当前的生物反馈治疗仍然依靠专 业昂贵的大型生理参数诊断设备或生物反馈仪器， 以及心理医生的主观经验判 断及专业的训练指导， 主要存在以下几个方面问题：  [0002] Biofeedback therapy is a modern physiological science instrument that allows patients to undergo conscious "ideal" control and psychological training through special training through physiological feedback of physiological or pathological information in the human body, thereby eliminating pathological processes and restoring physical and mental health. New psychotherapy methods. The current biofeedback treatment still relies on professional expensive large-scale physiological parameter diagnostic equipment or biofeedback instruments, as well as subjective experience judgments and professional training guidance of psychologists. The main problems are as follows:
[0003] 1) 可操作性差， 使用复杂， 无论是生理信号的测量、 个体的生理状况评价 以及针对性的生物反馈训练需要专业人士操作、 分析及指导， 个人无法有效使 用；  [0003] 1) Poor operability and complicated use, no matter the measurement of physiological signals, the evaluation of individual physiological conditions and the targeted biofeedback training, it requires professional operation, analysis and guidance, and individuals cannot use them effectively;
[0004] 2) 成本高， 设备及人力成本昂贵， 需要心理医生或专业人士操作;  [0004] 2) High cost, high equipment and labor costs, requiring the operation of a psychiatrist or professional;
[0005] 3) 实吋性、 可移动性差， 无法长期使用， 需要频繁的更换电极， 繁琐的电 极、 传感器和电缆严重影响个体的舒适度；  [0005] 3) It is practical, has poor mobility, cannot be used for a long time, requires frequent electrode replacement, and cumbersome electrodes, sensors and cables seriously affect individual comfort;
[0006] 4) 缺乏客观的、 量化的生物反馈效率评价机制， 评价的标准依靠心理医生 / 专业人士的主观经验及相应的医学标准；  [0006] 4) Lack of objective and quantitative biofeedback efficiency evaluation mechanism, the evaluation criteria rely on the subjective experience of psychologists/professionals and corresponding medical standards;
[0007] 5) 由于个体差异， 缺乏普适性的生物反馈训练方法， 需要心理医生根据实 际情况定制针对个人的生物反馈训练策略。 [0007] 5) Due to individual differences, the lack of universal biofeedback training methods requires the psychologist to tailor the biofeedback training strategy for individuals based on actual conditions.
[0008] 以上诸多问题， 或多或少是因为现有的生物反馈训练装置中， 反馈的过程和训 练的过程相对割裂， 在训练过程中无法及吋得知训练效果从而使得用户无法准 确把握训练的模式或者强度， 降低了反馈训练的有效性。 [0008] The above problems are more or less because the feedback process and the training process are relatively separated in the existing biofeedback training device, and the training effect cannot be known in the training process, so that the user cannot accurately grasp the training. The mode or intensity reduces the effectiveness of feedback training.
技术问题  technical problem
[0009] 为了解决现有技术生物反馈训练***中有效性较低的问题， 有必要提供一种能 提高生物反馈训练有效性的***。 [0010] 同吋， 也有必要提供一种用于生物反馈训练的智能终端。 [0009] In order to solve the problem of low effectiveness in the prior art biofeedback training system, it is necessary to provide a system that can improve the effectiveness of biofeedback training. [0010] Similarly, it is also necessary to provide an intelligent terminal for biofeedback training.
[0011] 同吋， 还有必要通过一种生物反馈训练方法。 [0011] Similarly, it is also necessary to adopt a biofeedback training method.
问题的解决方案  Problem solution
技术解决方案  Technical solution
[0012] 一种生物反馈训练***， 其包括生物信息反馈装置和智能终端， 生物信息反馈 装置至少包括传感器， 用于采集表征人体状态的生物信息， 智能终端包括信号 接收单元、 评估及训练反馈单元和显示单元； 信号接收单元， 其实吋地接收表 征人体状态的生物信息； 评估及训练反馈单元， 其根据一段吋间内接收的所述 生物信息生成评估反馈信息， 所述评估反馈信息用于表示所述一段吋间内的心 率与呼吸频率的同步趋势； 显示单元， 用于至少连续地将所述评估反馈信息提 供给用户， 引导用户通过调整人体状态改变所述生物信息， 直至使所述心率与 呼吸频率达到共振。  [0012] A biofeedback training system includes a bioinformation feedback device and a smart terminal. The bioinformation feedback device includes at least a sensor for collecting biometric information representing a human body state. The intelligent terminal includes a signal receiving unit, an evaluation and a training feedback unit. And a display unit; the signal receiving unit receives the biological information representing the state of the human body; the evaluation and training feedback unit generates the evaluation feedback information according to the biological information received in a period of time, and the evaluation feedback information is used to represent a synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency in the period of time; a display unit, configured to at least continuously provide the evaluation feedback information to the user, and guide the user to change the biological information by adjusting the human body state until the heart rate is made Resonate with the respiratory rate.
[0013] 一种用于反馈训练的智能终端， 包括： 信号接收单元， 其实吋地接收表征人 体状态的生物信息； 评估及训练反馈单元， 其根据一段吋间内接收的所述生物 信息生成评估反馈信息， 所述评估反馈信息用于表示所述一段吋间内的心率与 呼吸频率的同步趋势； 显示单元， 用于至少连续地将所述评估反馈信息提供给 用户， 引导用户通过调整人体状态改变所述生物信息， 直至使所述心率与呼吸 频率达到共振。  [0013] An intelligent terminal for feedback training, comprising: a signal receiving unit that actually receives biological information characterizing a human body state; and an evaluation and training feedback unit that generates an evaluation according to the biological information received in a period of time Feedback information, the evaluation feedback information is used to indicate a synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency in the period of time; a display unit, configured to at least continuously provide the evaluation feedback information to the user, and guide the user to adjust the human body state The biological information is changed until the heart rate and respiratory frequency are brought to resonance.
[0014] 一种生物反馈训练方法， 包括:实吋地接收表征人体状态的生物信息； 根据 一段吋间内接收的所述生物信息生成评估反馈信息， 所述评估反馈信息用于表 示所述一段吋间内的心率与呼吸频率的同步趋势； 至少连续地将所述评估反馈 信息提供给用户， 引导用户通过调整人体状态改变所述生物信息， 直至使所述 心率与呼吸频率达到共振。 发明的有益效果  [0014] A biofeedback training method includes: receiving biometric information that characterizes a human body state; generating evaluation feedback information according to the biometric information received in a period of time, the evaluation feedback information being used to represent the segment The tendency of the heart rate and the respiratory rate in the daytime is synchronized; the evaluation feedback information is provided to the user at least continuously, and the user is guided to change the biological information by adjusting the state of the human body until the heart rate and the respiratory frequency are resonated. Advantageous effects of the invention
有益效果  Beneficial effect
[0015] 本申请提供的生物反馈训练***、 方法及智能终端， 可以实吋获得用户的心率 与呼吸频率的同步趋势， 从而可以实吋提供给用户当前训练的效果与预期目标 之间的差异， 可以有效指导用户进行合适的训练， 避免过度或者无效的生物反 馈训练， 使得生物反馈与训练过程的有机结合， 提升了生物反馈训练的有效性 对附图的简要说明 [0015] The biofeedback training system, method and intelligent terminal provided by the present application can obtain the synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency of the user, so that the difference between the current training effect and the expected target can be actually provided to the user. Can effectively guide users to appropriate training, avoid excessive or invalid biological anti- Feeding training, which combines biofeedback and training process, and improves the effectiveness of biofeedback training.
附图说明  DRAWINGS
[0016] 图 1是本发明的生物反馈训练***一种实施方式的***组成框图；  1 is a block diagram of a system composition of an embodiment of a biofeedback training system of the present invention;
[0017] 图 2是图 1实施方式一的生物反馈训练***对应的原理图；  2 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to Embodiment 1 of FIG. 1;
[0018] 图 3是本发明心率变异性节奏模式分析及一致性比率计算方法的理论模型示 意图；  3 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical model of a heart rate variability rhythm pattern analysis and a consistency ratio calculation method according to the present invention;
[0019] 图 4是本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***基于通用硬件模块设计构建 的前端模拟电路模块示意图；  4 is a schematic diagram of a front end analog circuit module constructed based on a general hardware module design of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] 图 5是本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练装置基于通用结构的传感器数字 电路模块示意图； 5 is a schematic diagram of a sensor digital circuit module based on a general structure of a biofeedback training device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] 图 6本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***的软件实现示意图；  6 is a schematic diagram of software implementation of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] 图 7是本发明另一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***的示意图； 7 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] 图 8是本发明又一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***的示意图。 8 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] 图 9是本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练方法的流程示意图。 9 is a schematic flow chart of a biofeedback training method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
实施该发明的最佳实施例  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
本发明的最佳实施方式  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0025] 下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本申请作进一步详细说明。 在以下的实施方 式中， 很多细节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。 然而， 本领域技术人 员可以毫不费力的认识到， 其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的， 或者可 以由其他元件、 材料、 方法所替代。 在某些情况下， 本申请相关的一些操作并 没有在说明书中显示或者描述， 这是为了避免本申请的核心部分被过多的描述 所淹没， 而对于本领域技术人员而言， 详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的， 他们根据说明书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。  [0025] The present application will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following embodiments, many of the details are described in order to provide a better understanding of the application. However, those skilled in the art can effortlessly realize that some of the features may be omitted in different situations or may be replaced by other components, materials, and methods. In some cases, some of the operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification, in order to avoid that the core portion of the present application is overwhelmed by excessive description, and those skilled in the art will describe these in detail. Related operations are not necessary, they can fully understand the relevant operations according to the description in the manual and the general technical knowledge in the field.
[0026] 另外， 说明书中所描述的特点、 操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成 各种实施方式。 同吋， 方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人 员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。 因此， 说明书和附图中的各种顺 序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例， 并不意味着是必须的顺序， 除非另有说明 其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。 In addition, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. In the meantime, the steps or actions in the method description can also be sequentially changed or adjusted in a manner that can be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various instructions in the specification and the drawings The order is only for the purpose of clearly describing an embodiment, and is not meant to be an essential order unless otherwise stated.
[0027] 【实施方式一】 [Embodiment 1]
[0028] 请参看图 1， 在本发明的一种实施方式中， 提供一种生物反馈训练*** 10， 该 生物反馈训练*** 10包括生物信息反馈装置 101和智能终端 103。 其中， 生物信 息反馈装置 101可实现对人体的生物信息的采集、 处理和输出， 这里所述的生物 信息指的是能从某方面体现或表征人体生理或病理状态的各种形式的信号， 优 选的， 这些生物信息可以通过各种光电、 电生理、 电极等传感器获取， 某些情 况下也可以是由用户直接输入的信号， 或者接收自其它设备或网络。 如图 1所示 ， 生物信息反馈装置 101包括第一传感器 110、 第二传感器 111、 信号处理单元 11 3、 信号分析单元 115和信号输出单元 117。 第一传感器 110和第二传感器 111连接 或附着于人体， 由此采集相应的生理信息或生理信号。 传感器的数量可以根据 需要设定， 可以少于 2个或多于 2个。 在一个具体实施例中， 第一传感器 110可以 是心电传感器， 第二传感器 111可以是呼吸传感器。  Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, a biofeedback training system 10 is provided. The biofeedback training system 10 includes a biometric feedback device 101 and a smart terminal 103. The biological information feedback device 101 can realize the collection, processing and output of the biological information of the human body. The biological information described herein refers to various forms of signals that can reflect or characterize the physiological or pathological state of the human body from a certain aspect, and preferably The biological information can be obtained by various photoelectric, electrophysiological, and electrode sensors, and in some cases, signals directly input by the user, or received from other devices or networks. As shown in FIG. 1, the biological information feedback device 101 includes a first sensor 110, a second sensor 111, a signal processing unit 113, a signal analysis unit 115, and a signal output unit 117. The first sensor 110 and the second sensor 111 are connected or attached to the human body, thereby collecting corresponding physiological information or physiological signals. The number of sensors can be set as needed, and can be less than 2 or more than 2. In a specific embodiment, the first sensor 110 can be an electrocardiographic sensor and the second sensor 111 can be a respiration sensor.
[0029] 第一传感器 110和 /或第二传感器 111采集的生理信息一般为模拟信号或者原始 信号， 一般不适合直接呈现给用户观察， 在经过信号处理单元 113进行放大、 滤 波或者模 /数转换等处理后传输到信号分析单元 115， 经信号分析单元 1 15进一步 的进行信号分析和特征值提取， 输出具有直观意义的生理信息或者参数， 而信 号输出单元 117可将这些生理信息或者参数， 包括提取的特征值等信息通过无线 传输方式传输到智能终端 130。 需要注意的是， 本实施方式的生物信息反馈装置 101和智能终端 103是相对独立的两个部件 /装置， 比如生物信息反馈装置 101可以 是可穿戴式的设备， 包括但不限于智能衣、 手表、 衣服、 戒指、 皮带等各种形 式的载体上集成或设置心电传感器、 呼吸传感器、 血氧传感器、 血压传感器， 而智能终端 103可以是用户随身携带的智能终端， 比如智能手机。 因此， 生物信 息反馈装置 101采集到的生理信号需要通过一定的传输方式传输到智能终端 103 ， 而本实施方式中采用的是诸如蓝牙、 wi-fi、 射频、 红外、 近场通信、 光通信等 短距离 /长距离无线通信方式。 当然， 通过传统有线方式进行信号传输也是可行 的。 [0030] 智能终端 103包括信号接收单元 130、 评估及训练反馈单元 131、 显示单元 133、 运动传感器 105和运动信息反馈单元 107。 信号接收单元 130接收来自信号传输单 元 117输出的生理信号， 并将其传输到显示单元 133和评估及训练反馈单元 131。 其中， 生理信号可以部分或者全部在显示单元进行显示， 比如测得的心电波形 、 提取的心率参数、 呼吸波形或者提取的呼吸率参数可以在所述显示单元 133进 行实吋显示， 而这些数据同吋可以被评估及训练反馈单元 131所接收。 在一些实 施例中评估及训练反馈单元 131可以基于微处理器形成。 在本实施方式中， 智能 终端 103还可以包括运动传感器 105和运动信息反馈单元 107。 运动传感器 105可 以感测携带该智能终端的用户的运动状态， 并经运动信息反馈单元 107形成运动 数据反馈至评估及训练反馈单元 131。 评估及训练反馈单元 131将接收到的生理 信号和运动数据进行综合处理后输出反馈信息至显示单元 133， 由此用户可实现 实吋监测自身生理状态并获得实吋的反馈训练效果， 并可依据此及吋调整自我 训练方法或者方式、 吋间等， 使得反馈训练更有针对性和吋效性， 也可以提升 用户使用该反馈***的亲切感。 评估及训练反馈单元 131还可以根据监测的生理 信号、 运动信号或者综合评估信息输出直观的生理 /心理状态评估结果或分值、 运动指导信息、 训练反馈效果、 鼓励信号、 警报信号、 娱乐信号等信息。 [0029] The physiological information collected by the first sensor 110 and/or the second sensor 111 is generally an analog signal or an original signal, and is generally not suitable for direct presentation to a user for observation, amplification, filtering, or analog/digital conversion by the signal processing unit 113. etc to the signal analyzing unit 115 post-processing, further performs signal analysis and characteristic signal analysis unit 115 value extraction outputting a physiological signal or parameter makes intuitive sense, and the signal output unit 117 may be the physiological information or parameters, comprising The extracted feature values and the like are transmitted to the smart terminal 130 by wireless transmission. It should be noted that the bioinformation feedback device 101 and the smart terminal 103 of the present embodiment are two components/devices that are relatively independent. For example, the bioinformation feedback device 101 may be a wearable device, including but not limited to a smart clothes and a watch. An electrocardiographic sensor, a respiration sensor, a blood oxygen sensor, a blood pressure sensor are integrated or disposed on various forms of carriers such as clothes, rings, belts, etc., and the smart terminal 103 can be a smart terminal carried by the user, such as a smart phone. Therefore, the physiological signals collected by the bio-information feedback device 101 need to be transmitted to the smart terminal 103 through a certain transmission mode, and in this embodiment, such as Bluetooth, wi-fi, radio frequency, infrared, near field communication, optical communication, etc. are used. Short-range/long-distance wireless communication. Of course, signal transmission through traditional wired methods is also feasible. [0030] The smart terminal 103 includes a signal receiving unit 130, an evaluation and training feedback unit 131, a display unit 133, a motion sensor 105, and a motion information feedback unit 107. The signal receiving unit 130 receives the physiological signal output from the signal transmission unit 117 and transmits it to the display unit 133 and the evaluation and training feedback unit 131. Wherein, the physiological signal may be partially or completely displayed on the display unit, for example, the measured electrocardiogram waveform, the extracted heart rate parameter, the respiratory waveform or the extracted respiratory rate parameter may be displayed on the display unit 133, and the data is displayed. The peer can be received by the evaluation and training feedback unit 131. The evaluation and training feedback unit 131 may be formed based on a microprocessor in some embodiments. In the present embodiment, the smart terminal 103 may further include a motion sensor 105 and a motion information feedback unit 107. The motion sensor 105 can sense the motion state of the user carrying the smart terminal, and form motion data feedback to the evaluation and training feedback unit 131 via the motion information feedback unit 107. The evaluation and training feedback unit 131 performs the integrated processing on the received physiological signal and the motion data, and outputs the feedback information to the display unit 133, so that the user can realize the actual physiological state and obtain the feedback training effect, and can be based on This adjustment of self-training methods or methods, daytime, etc., makes the feedback training more targeted and effective, and can also enhance the user's intimacy using the feedback system. The evaluation and training feedback unit 131 may also output an intuitive physiological/psychological state evaluation result or score, exercise guidance information, training feedback effect, encouragement signal, alarm signal, entertainment signal, etc. according to the monitored physiological signal, motion signal or comprehensive evaluation information. information.
[0031] 运动传感器 105可以是惯性传感器、 陀螺仪、 加速度计、 GPS等类型的传感器 / 感测模组。 运动传感器 105和运动信息反馈单元 107可以是集成在智能终端， 比 如手机中的上述各种类型的传感器。 即， 在采用智能手机作为智能终端 103的情 况下， 运动传感功能可以使用现有智能终端设备中的运动传感器。  [0031] The motion sensor 105 may be a sensor/sensing module of the type such as an inertial sensor, a gyroscope, an accelerometer, or a GPS. The motion sensor 105 and the motion information feedback unit 107 may be various types of sensors integrated in a smart terminal such as the above-described mobile phone. That is, in the case where a smartphone is employed as the smart terminal 103, the motion sensing function can use the motion sensor in the existing smart terminal device.
[0032] 智能终端 103还可以包括存储单元 137和交互单元 135。 存储单元 137可用于存储 一段吋间内监测到的生理信号和运动信息， 形成历史数据， 可供用户査看翻阅 ， 或者根据历史数据和 /或当前测量数据输出更多的其它信息， 比如报警、 鼓励 、 娱乐、 提醒等。  [0032] The smart terminal 103 may further include a storage unit 137 and an interaction unit 135. The storage unit 137 can be used to store physiological signals and motion information monitored in a period of time, form historical data, can be viewed by the user, or output more other information according to historical data and/or current measurement data, such as an alarm, Encourage, entertain, remind, etc.
[0033] 以下结合其他附图， 进一步解释实施方式一中关于***原理和***中硬件、 软 件实现方式的部分实例。  [0033] Some examples of hardware and software implementations in the system principles and systems in Embodiment 1 are further explained below in conjunction with other figures.
[0034] 图 2是实施方式一的生物反馈训练***对应的原理图。 图 1中的生物反馈训练系 统基于可穿戴式设备实现， 其中， 生物反馈***的设计理念是采用基于通用结 构的硬件模块搭建该反馈训练***的硬件平台， 从用户体验角度出发， 采用先 进的工业可用性设计手段， 在满足***可靠性的前提下， 遵从舒适性和坚固性 的设计理念， 并充分考虑个体在文化和生活***台主要包括生理信号放大及调理、 生物信号转换、 生物信号信息记录、 反馈 信息显示这几个模块， 独立或者配合完成生理信号的采集、 处理、 传输、 分析 及显示等功能。 2 is a schematic diagram corresponding to the biofeedback training system of the first embodiment. The biofeedback training system in Figure 1 is based on a wearable device, wherein the biofeedback system is based on a universal knot The hardware module of the structure builds the hardware platform of the feedback training system. From the perspective of user experience, the advanced industrial usability design method is adopted, and the design concept of comfort and sturdiness is complied with under the premise of satisfying the system reliability, and the individual is fully considered. Differences in culture and lifestyle, using a modular system architecture to create a reconfigurable, reliable, comfortable, and robust wearable biofeedback training system. The platform mainly includes physiological signal amplification and conditioning, biological signal conversion, biosignal information recording, and feedback information display. It can independently or cooperate with the functions of collecting, processing, transmitting, analyzing and displaying physiological signals.
[0035] 在生物反馈算法方面， 通过智能终端， 诸如智能手机、 手持式智能设备、 个人 电脑等， 建立实吋生理信号的获取、 生理及反馈评价、 反馈训练三者的闭循环 结构， 从而实现生理信息检测、 反馈效率评价及反馈训练调整三者的实吋同步 。 在前述内容中提到， 实施方式一中的生理传感器可以是心电传感器和呼吸传 感器， 以此为例， 本发明可以提供普适性的无扰穿戴式生物反馈***， 用于家 庭和移动环境中监测心电信号和呼吸信号 （呼吸节奏模式） ， 以指导个人进行 基于共振频率呼吸的生物反馈训练， 增强个体自主神经***的调控规范功能， 实吋降低中央神经***的应激力反应。 从心电信号中可以提取诸如心率变异性 (Heart rate variability, HRV) 及心率节奏模式等表征心脏活动的生理信号或特征 值， 从呼吸信号中可以提取呼吸节奏模式或呼吸率等表征用户呼吸活动的生理 信号或特征值。  [0035] In the aspect of the biofeedback algorithm, the closed loop structure of the acquisition, the physiological and feedback evaluation, and the feedback training of the physiological signals is established through intelligent terminals, such as smart phones, handheld smart devices, personal computers, and the like. The physiological information detection, feedback efficiency evaluation and feedback training adjustment are the actual synchronization. It is mentioned in the foregoing that the physiological sensor in the first embodiment may be an electrocardiographic sensor and a respiration sensor. As an example, the present invention can provide a universal and non-disruptive wearable biofeedback system for home and mobile environments. The ECG signal and respiratory signal (respiratory rhythm mode) are monitored to guide individuals to perform biofeedback training based on resonance frequency respiration, enhance the regulation and regulation function of the individual autonomic nervous system, and reduce the stress response of the central nervous system. From the ECG signal, physiological signals or characteristic values such as heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate rhythm patterns can be extracted to characterize cardiac activity, and respiratory rhythm patterns or respiratory rates can be extracted from respiratory signals to characterize user respiratory activities. Physiological signal or characteristic value.
[0036] 图 3是心率变异性节奏模式分析及一致性比率计算方法的理论模型示意图。 首 先， 心率变异性即窦性心律不齐的程度， 是判断自主神经功能的一组常用定量 指标。 心率变异性具体是指每一次心跳吋间不断改变的现象。 每一次心跳的吋 间间隔对应了人的瞬吋心率， 它随着人的呼吸、 血压、 情绪以及所处环境的改 变而不断起伏变化。 这种变化是受人体自主神经***所控制 （交感神经和副交 感神经***的交互） ， 而心率变异性分析正是反映自主神经平衡强有力的手段 。 有研究表明， 通过深呼吸技术或冥想把注意力集中在精神上， 即控制意念的 方法使副交感神经的活动处于主导地位、 增加心脑活动的同步、 增强心血管的 谐振以及与其他振荡***的互引， 调整身体运行处于理想状态。 在这种理想状 态下， 瞬吋心率曲线在波形上类似于一条正弦波， HRV频域上表现为功率谱集 中、 低频 （Low Frequency, LF) 功率大幅度增大， 尤其在 0.1Hz附近， 如图 3所示3 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical model of a heart rate variability rhythm pattern analysis and a consistency ratio calculation method. First, heart rate variability, the degree of sinus arrhythmia, is a commonly used quantitative indicator for judging autonomic function. Heart rate variability refers specifically to the phenomenon of constant changes in each heartbeat. The inter-turn interval of each heartbeat corresponds to the instantaneous heart rate of a person, which changes continuously with changes in people's breathing, blood pressure, mood, and environment. This change is controlled by the human autonomic nervous system (the interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems), and heart rate variability analysis is a powerful means of reflecting autonomic balance. Studies have shown that deep breathing techniques or meditation focus attention on the spirit, that is, the method of controlling thoughts makes the parasympathetic activity dominant, increases the synchronization of heart and brain activities, enhances cardiovascular resonance, and interacts with other oscillating systems. Guide, adjust the body to run in an ideal state. In this ideal state, the instantaneous heart rate curve is similar to a sine wave in the waveform, and the power spectrum set is represented in the HRV frequency domain. Medium and low frequency (LF) power is greatly increased, especially around 0.1Hz, as shown in Figure 3.
。 否则， 即吋心率曲线和频域功率分布杂乱， 无明显规律。 . Otherwise, the heart rate curve and the frequency domain power distribution are disordered, and there is no obvious law.
[0037] 基于上述理论模型， 设计实现了心率变异性反馈算法， 它分为： HRV—致性比 率 （Coherence Ratio, CR) 计算方法、 实吋动态波形反馈算法以及共振呼吸训练 算法等 3个子算法。 这些子算法环环相扣， 结合可穿戴式硬件平台完成了***的 实吋信号检测、 信号节奏模式分析以及呼吸训练反馈的整个流程。 根据各个阶 段算法的计算结果， 得到了瞬吋一致性比率值， 瞬吋心率节奏变化曲线和呼吸 节奏变化曲线、 HRV频域分布图， 将其作为图形反馈和数值反馈结果传输到显 示单元 133进行显示， 帮助使用者更好地了解、 把握在生物反馈训练过程中心跳 节律变化和呼吸节奏变化的同步趋势， 从而更好的指导用户完成整个反馈训练 [0037] Based on the above theoretical model, the heart rate variability feedback algorithm is designed and implemented. It is divided into three sub-algorithms: HRV Coerence Ratio (CR) calculation method, real dynamic waveform feedback algorithm and resonance breathing training algorithm. . These sub-algorithms are interlocked and combined with the wearable hardware platform to complete the whole process of the system's real signal detection, signal rhythm pattern analysis and respiratory training feedback. According to the calculation results of the algorithm of each stage, the instantaneous consistency ratio value, the instantaneous heart rate rhythm curve and the respiratory rhythm curve, and the HRV frequency domain distribution map are obtained, which are transmitted to the display unit 133 as graphic feedback and numerical feedback results. Display, help users to better understand and grasp the synchronization trend of the rhythm change and respiratory rhythm change in the center of the biofeedback training process, so as to better guide the user to complete the feedback training.
[0038] 利用采集的生理信号或者对多种生理信号进行融合， 可实现生物反馈训练评估 或指导的功能。 一种方式中， 通过心电信号抽取心率变异性特征值， 通过傅里 叶变换或自回归模型的方式计算其功率谱密度值， 计算得到心率变异性的一致 性比率值， 可以作为评价共振频率呼吸训练效率的一个指标， 这个指标可以直 接通过显示单元 133进行显示， 也可以作为输出警报、 鼓励等信号的依据。 在另 一种方式中， 通过计算瞬吋呼吸率来作为调整共振频率呼吸的实吋参考， 用户 通过査看当前瞬吋呼吸率， 可与共振呼吸频率 （目标） 进行对比从而指导接下 来的自我训练。 在另外一种方式中， 利用心电信号和呼吸信号， 通过形态学分 析方法观察心率变异性信号的节奏模式和呼吸信号节奏模式的匹配情况， 输出 指导信息至显示单元 133， 作为反馈训练效率评价的指标之一， 从而指导自主进 行共振频率呼吸反馈训练的用户。 [0038] The function of biofeedback training evaluation or guidance can be realized by using the collected physiological signals or merging a plurality of physiological signals. In one method, the heart rate variability characteristic value is extracted by the ECG signal, and the power spectral density value is calculated by means of Fourier transform or autoregressive model, and the consistency ratio value of the heart rate variability is calculated, which can be used as the evaluation resonance frequency. An indicator of the efficiency of breathing training. This indicator can be displayed directly through the display unit 133, or as a basis for outputting signals such as alarms and encouragements. In another way, by calculating the instantaneous respiration rate as a practical reference for adjusting the resonance frequency respiration, the user can compare the resonance respiration rate (target) by guiding the current instantaneous respiration rate to guide the next self. training. In another method, the ECG signal and the respiratory signal are used to observe the matching of the rhythm pattern of the heart rate variability signal and the respiratory signal rhythm pattern by the morphological analysis method, and the guidance information is output to the display unit 133 as the feedback training efficiency evaluation. One of the indicators, thus guiding the autonomous user to perform resonance frequency breathing feedback training.
[0039] 图 4是本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***基于通用硬件模块设计构建的 前端模拟电路模块示意图。 为了满足兼容性、 灵活性及可扩展性， 本发明采用 通用结构的模块化硬件设计方案， 这样能最大限度地降低幵发周期， 便于*** 的维护及升级， 减少设计阻碍， 提高效率， 降低幵发成本， 同吋能够提高整个 ***的可配置性及通用性， 便于大规模大范围地部署***方案。 以采集心电和 呼吸两种生理信号为例， 该平台采用心电传感器和呼吸传感器， 并为其他可选 传感器， 比如脉搏、 血氧饱和度、 实吋血压传感器、 肌电传感器、 呼吸力学传 感器等提供扩展接口。 传感器的电路设计遵循国际标准， 秉承小型化、 低功耗 、 低噪声、 高带宽、 高信噪比以及高精度的原则， 便于在设计新型躯干网吋， 能够将多个传感器集成到可穿戴式的载体当中， 如衣服、 手表、 腕带、 皮带、 耳机挂饰、 眼镜等。 例如， 所述心电电极采用银丝和导电纤维混纺而成的织物 电极， 将其集成到衣服、 腕表、 皮带等载体上， 利用电极与人体之间的容性耦 合来实现不同导联心电信号的检测。 胸部和腹部呼吸传感器采用抗扭曲的传感 器导线嵌入到可穿戴载体中， 通过感知胸腔及腹腔产生的物理形变来测量呼吸 信号。 4 is a schematic diagram of a front end analog circuit module constructed based on a general hardware module design of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In order to meet compatibility, flexibility and scalability, the present invention adopts a modular hardware design scheme of a universal structure, which can minimize the burst period, facilitate system maintenance and upgrade, reduce design hindrance, improve efficiency, and reduce 幵Costs, peers can improve the configurability and versatility of the entire system, and facilitate large-scale deployment of system solutions on a large scale. Taking the two physiological signals of ECG and respiration as an example, the platform uses ECG sensors and respiratory sensors, and is optional. Sensors, such as pulse, oxygen saturation, real blood pressure sensors, myoelectric sensors, respiratory mechanics sensors, etc., provide extended interfaces. The sensor's circuit design follows international standards, adhering to the principles of miniaturization, low power consumption, low noise, high bandwidth, high signal-to-noise ratio and high precision. It is easy to design a new type of trunk network and integrate multiple sensors into wearable Among the carriers, such as clothes, watches, wristbands, belts, earphone ornaments, glasses, etc. For example, the electrocardiographic electrode is a fabric electrode made of a mixture of silver wire and conductive fiber, and is integrated into a carrier such as a garment, a wristwatch, a belt, etc., and a capacitive coupling between the electrode and the human body is used to realize different lead hearts. Detection of electrical signals. The chest and abdomen respiration sensors are embedded in the wearable carrier with anti-twist sensor wires to measure the respiratory signal by sensing the physical deformation of the chest and abdominal cavity.
[0040] 基于通用结构的传感器前端模拟电路设计方案如图 4所示， 大致包括模拟前端 1 50、 信号调理单元 152和模拟后端 154。 模拟前端 150包括信号采集电极， 比如心 电电极、 呼吸传感器， 在某些实施例中， 还可以使用心电电极同吋获得心电信 号和阻抗呼吸信号。 因此， 生理传感器或者信号采集电极也可以只有一种 /一个 。 模拟前端 150还包括电流 /电压换能器， 可用于将非电的生理变化信号转换为电 流 /电压形式的电信号， 以实现后续的信号处理。 模拟前端 150还可以包括阻抗匹 配电路。 心哈皮调理单元 152包括通用的差分放大器、 高通滤波器、 低通滤波器 和主放大单元， 用于将通常情况下微弱、 含有干扰信号的原始生理信号进行一 系列的处理得到真实有效的生理信号。 模拟后端 154则包括电压补偿电路、 电压 提升电路、 信号输出扩展接口这些***或末端的通用设计。  [0040] The sensor front end analog circuit design based on the general structure is shown in FIG. 4, and generally includes an analog front end 150, a signal conditioning unit 152, and an analog back end 154. The analog front end 150 includes signal acquisition electrodes, such as electrocardiographic electrodes, respiration sensors, and in some embodiments, ECG electrodes and impedance respiration signals can also be obtained using ECG electrodes. Therefore, there can be only one / one of the physiological sensor or the signal acquisition electrode. The analog front end 150 also includes a current/voltage transducer that can be used to convert a non-electrical physiological change signal into an electrical signal in the form of a current/voltage for subsequent signal processing. The analog front end 150 can also include an impedance matching circuit. The cardiac harting unit 152 includes a general-purpose differential amplifier, a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, and a main amplifying unit for performing a series of processing on the original physiological signal which is usually weak and containing an interference signal to obtain a true and effective physiological condition. signal. The analog back end 154 includes a universal design of the peripheral or end of the voltage compensation circuit, the voltage boost circuit, and the signal output expansion interface.
[0041] 本发明通过大量的仿真及实测实验表明， 按照差分放大、 高通滤波、 低通滤波 及主放大的顺序进行信号调理能够最大程度地消除基线漂流、 直流偏置等问题 ， 具有低功耗 （单电源供电） 、 低截止频率、 低噪声、 高信噪比等特点。 多生 物传感器信号调理单元使用了极低功耗的仪表放大器及运算放大器， 采用单电 源供电 （1.8V〜4.4V) ， 并在此基础之上， 使用分吋复用的方法使用单个运算放 大器对不同的生理信号进行分吋放大， 降低运算放大器的使用数量， 从而进一 步降低***功耗， 减小设计空间并节约幵发成本。  [0041] The invention shows that the signal conditioning according to the steps of differential amplification, high-pass filtering, low-pass filtering and main amplification can eliminate the problems of baseline drift and DC offset to the greatest extent through a large number of simulation and actual experiments, and has low power consumption. (single power supply), low cutoff frequency, low noise, high signal to noise ratio. The multi-biosensor signal conditioning unit uses a very low-power instrumentation amplifier and operational amplifier that operates from a single supply (1.8V to 4.4V) and uses a single op amp pair using a multiplexed approach. Different physiological signals are used for bifurcation amplification, which reduces the number of op amps used, thereby further reducing system power consumption, reducing design space and saving cost.
[0042] 图 5是本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练装置基于通用结构的传感器数字电 路模块示意图。 基于通用结构的传感器数字电路包括数字信号处理单元 171、 电 源管理单元 173、 ***电路 177和通信模块 179。 电源管理单元 173负责为整个电 路供电以及处理低电量等异常情况。 ***电路 177主要包括报警和输入单元以及 显示、 存储单元。 通信模块 179可以看作图 1中信号输出单元 117的一部分， 主要 包括用于实现数据通信的单元， 比如可包括蓝牙模块、 wi-fi模块、 GPS/GPRS模 块， 蓝牙模块可采用极低功耗的 BLE蓝牙短距离无线传送技术。 通信模块 179可 以包括其中一种通信模块， 也可以同吋包括两种及以上的通信模块， 在包含多 通信模块的情况下， 可以根据智能终端的信号接收采用哪种方式而自动的切换 成哪个模块进行工作。 5 is a schematic diagram of a sensor digital circuit module based on a general structure of a biofeedback training device according to an embodiment of the present invention. A sensor digital circuit based on a general structure includes a digital signal processing unit 171, and an electric The source management unit 173, the peripheral circuit 177, and the communication module 179. The power management unit 173 is responsible for powering the entire circuit and handling abnormal conditions such as low power. The peripheral circuit 177 mainly includes an alarm and input unit and a display and storage unit. The communication module 179 can be regarded as a part of the signal output unit 117 in FIG. 1 , and mainly includes a unit for implementing data communication, for example, can include a Bluetooth module, a wi-fi module, a GPS/GPRS module, and the Bluetooth module can adopt extremely low power consumption. BLE Bluetooth short-range wireless transmission technology. The communication module 179 may include one of the communication modules, and may also include two or more communication modules. In the case where the multi-communication module is included, which method can be automatically switched according to which signal is received by the smart terminal. The module works.
[0043] 数字信号处理单元 171可以通过微处理器实现， 比如可采用 TI的 MSP430F149微 处理器， 数字信号处理单元 171接收来自前端的模拟信号输入， 也可以接收外部 的控制信号。 使用片内 12bit模数转换器模块实现模拟信号向数字信号的转换功 能 （ADC) ， 使用串行外设接口 (SPI)实现数据存储功能， 与 SD卡、 TF卡等外部 存储器进行数据传输， 以及显示实吋信号及数据等功能 （连接 OLED显示屏等） ， 使用通用 I/O接口可与报警模块或者输入设备进行连接， 从而实现报警信号的 输出和控制信号的输入。 使用内置低功耗模式 （LPM) 及存储器直接访问模块 [0043] The digital signal processing unit 171 can be implemented by a microprocessor, such as TI's MSP430F149 microprocessor, and the digital signal processing unit 171 receives an analog signal input from the front end and can also receive an external control signal. The on-chip 12-bit analog-to-digital converter module is used to convert the analog signal to the digital signal (ADC), the serial peripheral interface (SPI) is used to implement the data storage function, and the external memory such as the SD card and the TF card is used for data transmission, and Functions such as real-time signals and data (connected to an OLED display, etc.) can be connected to an alarm module or an input device using a general-purpose I/O interface, thereby realizing the output of an alarm signal and the input of a control signal. Direct access to the module using built-in low power mode (LPM) and memory
(DMA) 以实现降低功耗的目的， 全双工通用同步 /异步串行收发模块 (USART) 用来封装数字信号， 并传送给通讯模块以实现短距离无线传输的目的。 同吋， 该数字电路设计方案提供了丰富的扩展接口以便于功能扩展和模块集成。 (DMA) For the purpose of reducing power consumption, the full-duplex Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Transceiver Module (USART) is used to encapsulate digital signals and transmit them to communication modules for short-range wireless transmission. At the same time, the digital circuit design provides a rich expansion interface for functional expansion and module integration.
[0044] 图 6本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***的软件实现示意图。 基于硬件平 台， 其***中的软件架构主要用于实现生物信号实吋监控、 分析、 评价、 反馈 及无线传输等功能， 其包含三个主要模块， 分别为信号监控模块 190、 信号分析 模块 192和评价及反馈模块 194。  6 is a schematic diagram of software implementation of a biofeedback training system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Based on the hardware platform, the software architecture in the system is mainly used to implement bio-signal monitoring, analysis, evaluation, feedback and wireless transmission functions. It includes three main modules, namely signal monitoring module 190, signal analysis module 192 and Evaluation and feedback module 194.
[0045] 信号监控模块 190实现***配置功能， 将从传感器平台无线传送过来的数据包 进行解码操作， 实现多模生理信号的重建。 信号监控模块 190集成了信号降噪算 法， 使用线性 （中值滤波、 平均值滤波等） 和非线性滤波算法 （有限脉冲响应 滤波、 数学形态法滤波等） 对采集的生理信号中的工频干扰噪声、 运动伪迹、 基线漂移以及其他高频噪声进行处理， 能够在智能终端 103的显示屏上得到清晰 、 平稳的信号波形， 同吋能将生理数据保存在 SD卡等存储器中， 实现生理信号 回放等功能。 信号监控模块 190通过发送固定格式的命令来控制传感器平台工作 ， 改变其运行模式。 通过网络通讯接口配置来实现短距离 /长距离无线传输方式 的切换等。 [0045] The signal monitoring module 190 implements a system configuration function, and performs decoding operations on data packets wirelessly transmitted from the sensor platform to realize reconstruction of multi-mode physiological signals. The signal monitoring module 190 integrates a signal denoising algorithm, using linear (median filtering, mean filtering, etc.) and nonlinear filtering algorithms (finite impulse response filtering, mathematical morphology filtering, etc.) for power frequency interference in the collected physiological signals. Noise, motion artifacts, baseline drift, and other high-frequency noise are processed to obtain clear and smooth signal waveforms on the display screen of the smart terminal 103, and the physiological data can be saved in a memory such as an SD card to realize physiological signals. Playback and other functions. The signal monitoring module 190 controls the operation of the sensor platform by transmitting commands in a fixed format, changing its mode of operation. The short-distance/long-distance wireless transmission mode switching is implemented through the network communication interface configuration.
[0046] 信号分析模块 192具备信号处理、 特征值提取、 特征参数分析及生物信号模式 识别等功能。 主要提取的特征值参数包括心率变异性的吋域参数、 心率变异性 的频域参数、 非线性的参数、 呼吸率及吸气 /呼气比、 心率变异性节奏模式及呼 吸信号节奏模式等参数， 这些参数意义和在本发明中的应用解释如下：  [0046] The signal analysis module 192 has functions of signal processing, feature value extraction, feature parameter analysis, and biosignal pattern recognition. The main extracted eigenvalue parameters include the 吋 domain parameters of heart rate variability, frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability, nonlinear parameters, respiratory rate and inspiratory/expiratory ratio, heart rate variability rhythm pattern and respiratory signal rhythm pattern. The meaning of these parameters and their application in the present invention are explained as follows:
[0047] 其中， 心率变异性的吋域参数包括： 1、 SDNN(Standard deviation of  [0047] wherein the parameters of the heart rate variability include: 1. SDNN (Standard deviation of
normal-to-normal  Normal-to-normal
intervals) , 即所有的窦性心搏 R-R(N-N)间期的标准差； 2、 rMSSD (The root mean square of difference between adjacent NN intervals )， 即指相邻 N-N间期差值的均方 根； 3、 pNN50 (Percent of NN50 in the total number of RR  Interval), that is, the standard deviation of all sinus beats RR (NN) interval; 2, rMSSD (The root mean square of difference between adjacent NN intervals), which refers to the root mean square of the difference between adjacent NN intervals; pNN50 (Percent of NN50 in the total number of RR
intervals): 窦性相邻 N-N间期差值>5〇！^的心搏数占 NN间期总搏数的百分比。  Intervals): Sinus adjacent N-N interval difference >5〇! The heart rate of ^ is a percentage of the total number of strokes in the NN interval.
[0048] 心率变异性的频域参数包括： 1、 高频功率 (high frequency, HF)， 在有参数算法 中 （AR回归模型） 代表高频分量曲线 (中心频段在 0.15〜0.40Hz范围内)的积分值 ，在无参数算法 (傅里叶变换)中， 代表整个频谱曲线在 0.15〜0.40Hz范围内的积分 值， 受迷走神经调节； 2、 低频功率 (low frequency, LF)， 在有参数算法中代表低 频分量曲线 (中心频段 0.04〜0.15Hz范围内)的积分值， 在无参数算法中， 代表整 个频谱曲线在 0.04〜0.15Hz范围内的积分值， 由交感神经和迷走神经共同调节， 与***、 姿势有明显的关系； 3、 LH/HF (低高频比值),正常范围 1.5〜2.0,该指标 主要反映交感神经与迷走神经张力平衡性。 频谱分析可以采用实吋短期分析 (5 分钟)和长期 (24小吋)分析两种相结合的方法， 其意义各有不同。 长期频谱分析 其意义反映的是 24小吋平均的自主神经调节情况， 用于监控血压、 呼吸以及心 血管的生理异常现象； 短吋间的频谱分析能反映自主神经调节的细微变化， 可 用于实吋情绪压力的检测和评价。 [0048] The frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability include: 1. High frequency (HF), in the parameter algorithm (AR regression model) represents the high frequency component curve (the center frequency band is in the range of 0.15~0.40 Hz) The integral value, in the parameterless algorithm (Fourier transform), represents the integral value of the entire spectral curve in the range of 0.15~0.40Hz, regulated by the vagus nerve; 2. Low frequency (LF), in the parameterized algorithm The integral value representing the low-frequency component curve (in the range of 0.04~0.15Hz in the center frequency band), in the parameterless algorithm, represents the integral value of the whole spectrum curve in the range of 0.04~0.15Hz, which is jointly adjusted by the sympathetic nerve and the vagus nerve, and the body position There is a clear relationship between postures; 3. LH/HF (low-frequency ratio), the normal range is 1.5 to 2.0, which mainly reflects the balance of sympathetic and vagal tone. Spectral analysis can be performed using a combination of short-term analysis (5 minutes) and long-term (24 hours) analysis, which have different meanings. The long-term spectrum analysis reflects the average autonomic regulation of 24 hours, which is used to monitor blood pressure, respiratory and cardiovascular physiological abnormalities. The spectrum analysis between short sputum can reflect the subtle changes of autonomic regulation.检测 Detection and evaluation of emotional stress.
[0049] 非线性的参数， 包括散点图， 近似熵， 去趋势分析等， 在本发明中非线性参数 可作为情绪、 压力及生理异常的辅助判断方法， 提高检测的精确性、 有效性及 鲁棒性 （Robust) 。 呼吸率及吸气 /呼气比， 可用于检测呼吸暂停事件、 鼾症以 及呼吸类相关疾病或异常。 心率变异性节奏模式及呼吸信号节奏模式， 进行直 观显示， 指示反馈训练效果。 [0049] Non-linear parameters, including scatter plots, approximate entropy, detrended analysis, etc., in the present invention, non-linear parameters can be used as an auxiliary judgment method for emotion, stress and physiological abnormalities, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of detection. Robustness (Robust). Respiratory rate and inspiratory/expiratory ratio can be used to detect apnea events and snoring And respiratory related diseases or abnormalities. The heart rate variability rhythm pattern and the respiratory signal rhythm pattern are visually displayed to indicate the feedback training effect.
[0050] 以智能终端作为反馈训练终端， 终端内的软件***具有跨平台的特性， 可适用 于多种智能终端平台， 同吋实现生理信号实吋处理、 特征值及频谱计算、 波形 显示、 呼吸效率评价以及呼吸回馈调整等功能， 结合多模生理信号融合技术等 多方面的技术以实现可靠的、 实用的、 舒适的新型躯干网 （body area network) 。 该装置能够进行自主调整及学习， 根据传感器测量到的生理信号以及呼吸效 率评价机制， 通过无限迭代方式优化评价阈值及个性化呼吸频率等。  [0050] The intelligent terminal is used as a feedback training terminal, and the software system in the terminal has the characteristics of cross-platform, and can be applied to various intelligent terminal platforms, and realizes physiological signal processing, eigenvalue and spectrum calculation, waveform display, and breathing. Efficiency evaluation and respiratory feedback adjustment functions, combined with multi-mode physiological signal fusion technology and other technologies to achieve a reliable, practical and comfortable new body area network. The device is capable of autonomous adjustment and learning. Based on the physiological signals measured by the sensor and the respiratory efficiency evaluation mechanism, the evaluation threshold and the personalized respiratory frequency are optimized by an infinite iterative method.
[0051] 本实施方式的生物反馈训练***， 其通过实吋采集心电和呼吸信号， 分析心率 变异性、 呼吸率或心脏节奏模式和呼吸节奏的同步趋势， 通过比较反馈信号及 当前信号的匹配程度， 弓 I导使用者有针对性地控制心脏节律和呼吸节奏同步， 确定个人共振呼吸频率， 并以此呼吸频率进行自主共振呼吸反馈训练。 该装置 可以实吋准确地分析心电、 呼吸、 脉搏等生理信号， 计算压力水平值及正负情 绪状态， 并通过呼吸、 冥想等方式对个体进行有效的自我调整， 实现心率与呼 吸频率的共振， 从而达到最大化自主神经***调控机能的目的。  [0051] The biofeedback training system of the present embodiment analyzes the heart rate variability, the respiratory rate or the synchronous trend of the heart rhythm pattern and the respiratory rhythm by collecting the electrocardiogram and the respiratory signal, and comparing the feedback signal with the current signal. To the extent, the user guides the user to control the rhythm of the heart rhythm and the rhythm of the breathing, determine the resonance frequency of the individual resonance, and perform the self-resonant breathing feedback training with this breathing frequency. The device can accurately analyze physiological signals such as electrocardiogram, respiration, pulse, etc., calculate stress level and positive and negative emotional state, and effectively adjust the individual through breathing, meditation, etc., to achieve resonance of heart rate and respiratory frequency. In order to maximize the regulation of the autonomic nervous system.
[0052] 【实施方式二】  [Embodiment 2]
[0053] 图 7是本发明另一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***的示意图， 与图 1大致相同， 其主要区别在于运动传感器 205和运动信息反馈单元 207集成于传感器平台。  7 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is substantially the same as FIG. 1, with the main difference being that the motion sensor 205 and the motion information feedback unit 207 are integrated in the sensor platform.
[0054] 【实施方式三】 [Embodiment 3]
[0055] 图 8是本发明又一种实施方式的生物反馈训练***的示意图， 各组成单元与图 1 大致相同， 其主要区别在于运动传感器 205和运动信息反馈单元 207以及显示单 元 333均集成于传感器平台， 即集成于可穿戴设备中。 这种情况下， 不需要额外 的智能终端作为数据处理和输出的部件。 另外， 该***包括三个生理传感器， 分别是心电传感器、 呼吸传感器和血氧传感器。  8 is a schematic diagram of a biofeedback training system according to still another embodiment of the present invention, each component unit is substantially the same as FIG. 1, and the main difference is that the motion sensor 205 and the motion information feedback unit 207 and the display unit 333 are integrated in The sensor platform is integrated into the wearable device. In this case, no additional intelligent terminals are required as part of the data processing and output. In addition, the system includes three physiological sensors, namely an electrocardiogram sensor, a respiration sensor, and a blood oxygen sensor.
[0056] 图 9是本发明一种实施方式的生物反馈训练方法的流程示意图。 该方法包括  9 is a schematic flow chart of a biofeedback training method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes
[0057] 步骤 S1:实吋地接收表征人体状态的生物信息； [0057] Step S1: receiving biometric information that characterizes the state of the human body;
[0058] 步骤 S2:根据一段吋间内接收的所述生物信息生成评估反馈信息， 所述评估反 馈信息用于表示所述一段吋间内的心率与呼吸频率的同步趋势； [0058] Step S2: generating evaluation feedback information according to the biological information received in a period of time, the evaluation is reversed The feed information is used to indicate a synchronous trend of the heart rate and the respiratory rate in the period of time;
[0059] 步骤 S3:至少连续地将所述评估反馈信息提供给用户， 引导用户通过调整人体 状态改变所述生物信息， 直至使所述心率与呼吸频率达到共振。  [0059] Step S3: The evaluation feedback information is provided to the user at least continuously, and the user is guided to change the biological information by adjusting the human body state until the heart rate and the respiratory frequency reach resonance.
[0060] 本发明的生物反馈训练***、 方法、 和用于生物反馈训练的智能终端装置， 其 通过实吋获取心电信号 （心率变异性） 和呼吸信号， 并通过心率节奏与呼吸节 奏模式的同步测量、 比对以及自我调整， 实现移动环境中的实吋生理状态检测 ， 并同步进行基于共振频率呼吸的自我反馈训练， 以此增强自治神经***的调 控功能， 增强中央神经***的应激反应水平， 能够达到增强记忆力、 集中注意 力、 提高学习及工作效率、 提高创造性与解决问题的能力、 降低中央神经*** 应激反应等目的。  [0060] The biofeedback training system, method, and smart terminal device for biofeedback training of the present invention, which obtain an ECG signal (heart rate variability) and a respiratory signal, and pass through a heart rate rhythm and a respiratory rhythm pattern Simultaneous measurement, comparison and self-adjustment to achieve real physiological state detection in the mobile environment, and synchronous self-feedback training based on resonance frequency respiration, thereby enhancing the regulatory function of the autonomous nervous system and enhancing the stress response of the central nervous system Level, can achieve the purpose of enhancing memory, focusing attention, improving learning and work efficiency, improving creativity and problem-solving, and reducing central nervous system stress response.
[0061] 本发明的可穿戴式生物反馈训练装置， 不仅可以实现实吋监测用户的生理状态 ， 并且能实吋基于监测数据输出实吋的训练指导， 使得用户可以随吋掌握当前 的自身生理状况和反馈训练目标， 提高反馈训练的有效性和用户的使用友好度  [0061] The wearable biofeedback training device of the present invention not only can realize the physiological state of the user, but also can realize the training instruction based on the monitoring data output, so that the user can grasp the current physiological state at any time. And feedback training objectives, improve the effectiveness of feedback training and user friendliness
[0062] 为方便描述， 本文中生物信息、 生理信息、 生理信号混杂使用， 但均表达基本 相同的意思， 即能表征人体或生物体生命特征或生理 [0062] For convenience of description, biological information, physiological information, and physiological signals are mixedly used herein, but all express the same meaning, that is, can characterize the life characteristics or physiology of the human body or living body.
[0063] 以上实施例仅表达了几种实施方式， 其描述较为具体和详细， 但并不能因此而 理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。 应当指出的是， 对于本领域的普通技术人员 来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若干变形和改进， 这些都属 于本发明的保护范围。 因此， 本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。  The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim
[权利要求 1] 一种用于生物反馈训练的智能终端， 其特征在于， 所述智能终端包括 信号接收单元， 其实吋地接收表征人体状态的生物信息； 评估及训练反馈单元， 其根据一段吋间内接收的所述生物信息生成 评估反馈信息， 所述评估反馈信息用于表示所述一段吋间内的心率与 呼吸频率的同步趋势；  [Claim 1] An intelligent terminal for biofeedback training, wherein the smart terminal includes a signal receiving unit to receive biometric information characterizing a human body state; and an evaluation and training feedback unit according to a period of time The biometric information received in the interval generates evaluation feedback information, and the evaluation feedback information is used to indicate a synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency in the period of time;
显示单元， 用于至少连续地将所述评估反馈信息提供给用户， 引导 用户通过调整人体状态改变所述生物信息， 直至使所述心率与呼吸频 率达到共振。  And a display unit, configured to at least continuously provide the evaluation feedback information to the user, and guide the user to change the biological information by adjusting a human body state until the heart rate and the respiratory frequency are resonated.
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的智能终端， 其特征在于， 所述生物信息包括心电 信号和呼吸信号。  [Claim 2] The intelligent terminal according to claim 1, wherein the biometric information includes an electrocardiographic signal and a respiratory signal.
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1所述的智能终端， 其特征在于， 所述智能终端还包括： 运动传感器， 用于感测所述用户的运动状态； 运动信息反馈单元， 用于将所述运动状态反馈至评估及训练反馈单 元， 使所述评估及训练反馈单元根据所述一段吋间内接收的所述生理 信息和所述运动状态生成反馈训练策略， 指导用户进行反馈训练。  [Claim 3] The smart terminal according to claim 1, wherein the smart terminal further comprises: a motion sensor, configured to sense a motion state of the user; a motion information feedback unit, configured to: The motion state is fed back to the evaluation and training feedback unit, so that the evaluation and training feedback unit generates a feedback training strategy according to the physiological information and the motion state received in the period of time, and guides the user to perform feedback training.
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 2所述的智能终端， 其特征在于， 所述所述评估反馈信息 包括瞬吋一致性比率值， 瞬吋心率节奏变化曲线、 呼吸节奏变化曲线 和 HRV频域分布图。 [Claim 4] The intelligent terminal according to claim 2, wherein the evaluation feedback information includes an instantaneous consistency ratio value, an instantaneous heart rate rhythm variation curve, a respiratory rhythm variation curve, and an HRV frequency domain distribution. Figure.
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 2所述的智能终端， 其特征在于， 所述评估反馈信息包括 共振呼吸频率； 所述评估及训练反馈单元还用于从所述实吋的生物信 息中提取瞬吋呼吸率， 并通过所述显示单元提供给所述用户。  [Claim 5] The intelligent terminal according to claim 2, wherein the evaluation feedback information includes a resonance breathing frequency; the evaluation and training feedback unit is further configured to extract an instant from the biological information of the real The breathing rate is supplied to the user through the display unit.
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 2所述的智能终端， 其特征在于， 所述评估反馈信息包括 心率变异性信号的节奏模式和呼吸信号节奏模式。  [Claim 6] The intelligent terminal according to claim 2, wherein the evaluation feedback information includes a rhythm pattern of a heart rate variability signal and a respiratory signal rhythm pattern.
[权利要求 7] —种生物反馈训练***， 其特征在于， 包括生物信息反馈装置和智能 终端， 其中， 所述生物信息反馈装置至少包括传感器， 用于采集表征 ί本状态的生物信息， 所述智能终端包括如权利要求 1-6任意一项所 述的智能终端。 [Claim 7] A biofeedback training system, comprising: a bioinformation feedback device and a smart terminal, wherein the bioinformation feedback device includes at least a sensor, configured to collect biometric information that characterizes a state, The intelligent terminal includes any one of claims 1-6 The smart terminal described.
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 7所述的生物反馈训练***， 其特征在于， 所述生物信息 反馈装置是可穿戴式设备。  [Claim 8] The biofeedback training system according to claim 7, wherein the bioinformation feedback device is a wearable device.
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 8所述的生物反馈训练***， 其特征在于， 所述可穿戴设 备包括智能衣、 手表、 皮带、 戒指。 [Claim 9] The biofeedback training system according to claim 8, wherein the wearable device comprises a smart clothes, a watch, a belt, and a ring.
[权利要求 10] —种生物反馈训练方法， 其特征在于， 包括： [Claim 10] A biofeedback training method, comprising:
实吋地接收表征人体状态的生物信息；  Receiving biological information that characterizes the state of the human body;
根据一段吋间内接收的所述生物信息生成评估反馈信息， 所述评估 反馈信息用于表示所述一段吋间内的心率与呼吸频率的同步趋势； 连续地将所述评估反馈信息和实吋的所述生物信息提供给用户， 引 导用户通过调整人体状态改变所述生物信息， 直至使所述心率与呼吸 频率达到共振。  And generating evaluation feedback information according to the biological information received in a period of time, the evaluation feedback information is used to indicate a synchronization trend of the heart rate and the respiratory frequency in the period of time; continuously evaluating the feedback information and the implementation The biometric information is provided to the user, and the user is guided to change the biometric information by adjusting the human body state until the heart rate and the respiratory frequency are resonated.
PCT/CN2016/096212 2016-05-06 2016-08-22 Biological feedback training system and method, and intelligent terminal WO2017190448A1 (en)

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