WO2017186021A1 - Oil extraction system - Google Patents

Oil extraction system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017186021A1
WO2017186021A1 PCT/CN2017/080886 CN2017080886W WO2017186021A1 WO 2017186021 A1 WO2017186021 A1 WO 2017186021A1 CN 2017080886 W CN2017080886 W CN 2017080886W WO 2017186021 A1 WO2017186021 A1 WO 2017186021A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sucker rod
joint
inner sleeve
pumping system
oil pumping
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/080886
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建功
Original Assignee
张建功
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Publication date
Application filed by 张建功 filed Critical 张建功
Publication of WO2017186021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017186021A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pumping system, and more particularly to a continuous flexible sucker rod composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material or the like suitable for use in the field of petroleum exploitation.
  • the rod pump oil production technology is currently the most widely used mechanical oil recovery technology at home and abroad.
  • the sucker rod is one of the key components in the rod pump production system.
  • the traditional steel sucker rods are made of special steel and feature a segmented discontinuous construction with a length of 7 to 9 meters per section.
  • This type of sucker rod mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) high density of steel and low tensile strength - this not only leads to an increase in energy consumption during the application of the sucker rod, but also due to the weight and pull of the sucker rod itself.
  • the maximum strength of the sucker rod is less than 2,500 meters; (2) the steel is not resistant to corrosion by acids, alkalis, hydrogen sulfide, etc.; (3) when using the sucker rod, each sucker rod
  • the coupling is connected by a coupling, and a plurality of sucker rods are connected in series to form a sucker rod column, so that it can be connected with an oil pump of a depth of several hundred meters to several kilometers underground - which causes the sucker rod column to be easily worn.
  • each coupling is about 150 mm, the diameter of the coupling is larger than the diameter of the sucker rod, and as a result, when the sucker rod is When moving up and down in the oil pipe, friction between the coupling and the inner wall of the oil pipe may occur, which may easily cause the coupling and/or the oil pipe wall to wear, which may cause the sucker rod column to break off or the oil pipe wall to wear out, especially in the oblique direction. These accidents are more likely to occur in wells, horizontal wells, deep wells, and heavy oil wells.
  • sucker rod made of fiberglass in the prior art.
  • the sucker rod also adopts a segmented discontinuous structure.
  • Each section (root) sucker rod has a length of 7 to 9 meters, and both ends of the sucker rod are bonded with metal joints for connection with external components.
  • the sucker rod mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) When the sucker rod is used, each sucker rod is connected by a coupling, and then a plurality of sucker rods are connected in series to form a sucker rod column, thereby It can be connected to an oil pump from a depth of several hundred meters to several kilometers underground - this leads to an increase in the labor intensity of the field operator; (2) the coupling capacity It is prone to wear or breakage, and the oil pipe wall is easy to wear; (3) The sucker rod has poor resistance to lateral force and axial force, and has low tensile strength and fatigue strength.
  • the electric heating material of such a sucker rod is an oxygen-free copper wire.
  • the oxygen-free copper wire is located at the center of the sucker rod body and is covered with an insulating layer, and the outer layer of the sucker rod is covered with a wire rope layer serving as a carrier body.
  • the sucker rod mainly has the following defects: (1) the elongation of the steel wire rope layer as the load bearing body after loading increases, which causes the efficiency of the oil pump to be lowered; (2) the steel wire rope layer is not resistant to wear and has a short service life - As long as one wire is broken, the wire rope layer is completely scrapped; (3) The oxygen-free copper wire has high electrical conductivity, but the electrothermal conversion efficiency is low, so it is not suitable for use as an electrothermal converter. Therefore, this sucker rod industry Practicality is not high.
  • the sucker rod is a sucker rod column which is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow steel sucker rod segments in series, and the total length can be several hundred meters to several kilometers.
  • Each sucker rod section is a separate unit.
  • the hollow portion of each sucker rod section is filled with an electrically heated material that is insulated.
  • a dedicated coupling is used to achieve electrical, mechanical, and sealing between the various sucker rod segments.
  • such sucker rods have high sealing requirements and are prone to failure in connection between the sucker rod sections.
  • Aramid fleece and epoxy resin have poor wettability, and the infiltration property can be improved after special physical and chemical treatment, resulting in complicated manufacturing process, high technical difficulty and high cost.
  • the body shape is single and the scope of use is limited.
  • the present invention provides a resin-based carbon fiber composite material or the like.
  • a continuous flexible sucker rod is constructed.
  • a pumping system including a sucker rod body and a joint, the sucker rod body including a core portion and a protective layer surrounding the core portion, the joint being disposed at the The end of the sucker rod body.
  • the oil pumping system of the present invention is characterized in that
  • the core is composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material
  • the joint is a mechanical locking joint or a bonded joint, the mechanical locking joint is connected to the sucker rod body by mechanical locking, and the bonded joint is bonded and the pumping The body of the oil rod is connected.
  • the sucker rod body comprises a communication line.
  • the protective layer is composed of a resin-based insulating fiber reinforced composite material and serves as an electrically insulating layer.
  • the core is used as an electrothermal converter.
  • the mechanical locking joint comprises:
  • a jack (21) having an end surface abutting an end surface of the inner sleeve;
  • the oil pumping system is a sucker rod having an electric heat tracing function or a sucker rod having a fluid heat tracing and dilution function, and is provided at an axial center portion of the jack (21) a hole of the same shape of the cross section of the sucker rod body to pass the sucker rod body; or at least one slit (251, 252) is respectively provided from both ends of the inner sleeve, the gap edge Extending the length direction of the inner sleeve and penetrating a portion of the inner sleeve, more preferably from the end of the inner sleeve having a larger outer diameter, and providing four first slits (251) in the circumferential direction, The two adjacent first slits in the first slit are separated by a 90 degree central angle;
  • two second slits (252) are disposed along the circumferential direction, the two second slits being separated from each other by a central angle of 180 degrees;
  • a second slit of the two second slits is separated from a first slit of the four first slits by a central angle of 45 degrees;
  • the length of the first slit is smaller than the length of the second slit.
  • the bonded joint comprises:
  • the outer surface of the end of the bonded joint that is connected to the sucker rod body is provided with a wavy groove (36) in which a carbon fiber and a glass fiber composite material are wrapped.
  • the length of the sucker rod body is 1 meter or more.
  • the material constituting the core portion comprises carbon fiber, a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, a curing agent and a releasing agent, and more preferably the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a vinyl resin resin And at least one of the unsaturated resins; or the thermoplastic resin is at least one of nylon, polyimide, and fluoroplastic.
  • the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a vinyl resin resin And at least one of the unsaturated resins; or the thermoplastic resin is at least one of nylon, polyimide, and fluoroplastic.
  • the protective layer (12) is made of a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material or a metal alloy material.
  • the protective layer (12) and the base resin of the core portion (11) may be the same or different.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the core is circular, elliptical, oblate or octagonal.
  • the sucker rod having the electric heat tracing function includes a metal tube armored electric heating cable (13); and the sucker rod having the fluid heat tracing and dilution function includes a metal tube (14).
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a sucker rod joint provided at an end of a sucker rod main body having a core portion composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material and a protection surrounding the core portion Layer, characterized in that
  • the sucker rod joint is a mechanical locking joint or a bonded joint, and the mechanical locking joint is connected to the sucker rod body by mechanical locking, and the bonded joint is bonded and The sucker rod bodies are connected.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a sucker rod in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of a sucker rod body, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod main body taken along the plane A-A in Fig. 2A.
  • 3A is an electrically heated sucker rod body in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Partial cross-sectional view of the part.
  • Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body taken along plane B-B of Figure 3A.
  • FIG. 4A is a side cross-sectional view of a channel heat tracing rod with heat tracing, dilution (if dilution) fluid flow, in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body taken along plane C-C of Figure 4A.
  • Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the mechanically locking joint.
  • Figure 6A is a perspective view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5.
  • Figure 6B is an end elevational view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a bonded joint in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional shape of a sucker rod body according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sucker rod includes a sucker rod main body 1 and a joint 2 provided at both ends of the sucker rod main body 1.
  • 2A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the sucker rod body 1.
  • 2B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body 1 taken along a plane AA in FIG. 2A.
  • the sucker rod main body 1 includes a core portion 11 and a protective layer 12 surrounding the core portion 11.
  • the core portion 11 is manufactured by a pultrusion process of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material.
  • the base resin of the core portion 11 may be a thermosetting resin (for example, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a urethane resin, a vinyl resin resin, an unsaturated resin, or the like) or a thermoplastic resin (for example, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a urethane resin, a vinyl resin resin, or an unsaturated resin) having a temperature resistance level of 180 degrees Celsius or more. Nylon, polyimide and fluoroplastics, etc.).
  • the fatigue strength of the core portion 11 is high: after 100 Hz, after 10 7 dynamic stretching, the residual strength is 90% of the original; and under the same test conditions, the residual strength of the steel core is only 30% of the original 40%.
  • the core portion 11 made of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material is suitable as a carrier body.
  • the protective layer 12 may be made of a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material.
  • the base resin of the protective layer 12 and the core portion 11 may be the same or different, and the reinforcing fibers in the protective layer 12 are required to have high strength, high temperature resistance, good electrical insulation performance, simple processing technology, good anti-wear performance, and good resin wettability. , cost-effective, in order to play the role of electrical insulation and anti-collision.
  • the reinforcing fibers in the protective layer 12 may be an alkali-free glass fiber yarn, an alkali-free glass fiber cloth or an alkali-free glass fiber mat or the like.
  • FIG. 3A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of an electrically heated sucker rod body in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body taken along plane B-B of Figure 3A.
  • the sucker rod main body 1 includes an electric heating cable 13 in addition to the core portion 11 and the protective layer 12 (the number of the electric heat tracing cable 13 is one. Root above).
  • the electric heat tracing cable 13 has a metal tube armor, and uses one or several of silicone rubber, fluoroplastic, glass fiber composite material, mica, ceramic or alumina powder as insulation, and uses an oxygen-free copper nickel-plated wire as a current.
  • the electric heat tracing cable 13 is arranged between the core portion 11 and the protective layer 12. If two or more electric heat tracing cables 13 are used, the electric heat tracing cables 13 are symmetrically distributed around the core portion 11. The electric heat tracing cable 13 can convert electrical energy into thermal energy after being energized. An external power supply (not shown), an oxygen-free copper-plated nickel wire of the electric heat tracing cable 13, and a metal pipe armor together constitute an electric heating circuit.
  • the protective layer 12 encases the core portion 11 and the electric heat tracing cable 13. The heat generated by the electric heat tracing cable 13 is conducted through the protective layer 12 and heats the crude oil in the oil pipe.
  • the metal tube armored metal tube has a compressive strength greater than 30 MPa.
  • carbon fiber is a semiconductor material, its electrothermal conversion efficiency can reach 98% or more, and it is the electrothermal heating body having the highest electrothermal conversion efficiency known so far (tested, the resistivity of the core 11 having a diameter of 19 mm is 0.1 ohm. /Meter). That is to say, carbon fiber can efficiently convert electrical energy into heat. Therefore, the core portion 11 can also be used as an electrothermal converter, thereby making the sucker rod an electrically heated sucker rod.
  • the biggest advantage of this method is the high electrothermal conversion efficiency; the main disadvantages are complicated production process, difficult processing, expensive production equipment and difficult technical implementation, poor technical performance and low cost performance. Therefore, this kind of scheme is not suitable for use at the current processing technology level.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views of the sucker rod body taken along plane C-C of FIG. 4A.
  • the sucker rod body 1 includes, in addition to the core portion 11 and the protective layer 12, a heat-conducting fluid, a channel for diluting (if necessary to dilute) fluid flow, that is, Metal tube 14 (the number of metal tubes 14 used is one the above).
  • the metal tube 14 is made of stainless steel or other metal. If two or more metal pipes 14 are used, these metal pipes 14 are symmetrically distributed around the core portion 11.
  • the core portion 11 and the metal tube 14 are covered by the protective layer 12.
  • the metal tube 14 pressure resistance greater than 30 MPa
  • the manufacturing process of the sucker rod is as follows: first, the core portion 11 is formed, then the metal tube 14 is arranged on both sides of the core portion 11, and the protective layer 12 is formed by the pultrusion process using alkali-free glass fiber and epoxy resin. The core 11 and the metal tube 14 are wrapped. The heat tracing fluid enters from the upper end of the metal tube 14 when the sucker rod body is operating in the oil well.
  • the heat of the heat-treating fluid conducts the crude oil in the heating oil pipe through the pipe wall of the metal pipe 14 and the protective layer 12; meanwhile, the heat-storing fluid flowing out from the lower end of the metal pipe 14 enters the oil pipe to be heated. And dilute (if necessary to dilute) the crude oil in the tubing.
  • FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a mechanically locking joint in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mechanical locking joint includes a ram 21, an outer sleeve 24 and an inner sleeve 25 (the inner sleeve may also be referred to as a locking cylinder).
  • the inner sleeve 25 is tightly fitted around the end of the sucker rod body.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the right end of the outer sleeve 24 has a taper
  • the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 25 also has a taper.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the outer sleeve 24 and the outer circumferential surface of the inner sleeve 25 may each have a taper of 1:40.
  • the smaller end of the inner sleeve 25 (the right end in FIG. 4) can be inserted into the outer sleeve 24 in the left-to-right direction and finally clamped into the outer sleeve 24.
  • the left and right ends of the jack 21 are provided with threads. The left end of the jack 21 can be connected to other components, and the right end of the jack 21 is screwed into the left end of the outer sleeve 24.
  • the end face of the jack 21 abuts against the left end face of the inner sleeve 25, and the inner sleeve 25 inserted into the outer sleeve 24 is pushed to the right together with the sucker rod body 1. Due to the presence of the taper of the inner peripheral surface of the right end of the outer sleeve 25 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 25, the inner sleeve 25 together with the sucker rod main body 1 is finally caught in the outer sleeve 24.
  • the mechanical locking joint may further include: a lock nut 22 disposed between the outer sleeve 25 and the jack 21; and a set screw 23 for locking the lock nut 22 after the lock nut 22 is tightened,
  • a lock nut 22 disposed between the outer sleeve 25 and the jack 21
  • a set screw 23 for locking the lock nut 22 after the lock nut 22 is tightened
  • the jack 21, the lock nut 22, the set screw 23, the outer sleeve 24 and the inner sleeve 25 may be made of a metal material and or an alloy material.
  • Figure 6A is a perspective view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5.
  • Figure 6B is an end elevational view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5.
  • at least one slit may be separately provided, which slits extend along the length direction of the inner sleeve 25 and penetrate a portion of the inner sleeve 25.
  • four short slits 251 are uniformly disposed in the circumferential direction from the end having the larger outer diameter of the inner sleeve 25, that is, the middle of the four short slits 251
  • the two adjacent slits 251 are separated by a 90 degree central angle.
  • the ends of the four short slits 251 are 20 mm apart from the end face of the inner end of the inner sleeve 25 having a smaller outer diameter (the right end in Fig. 4A).
  • the end of the inner sleeve 25 having the smaller outer diameter the right end in Fig.
  • each short slit 251 is 5 mm smaller than the length of each long slit 252.
  • any one of the long slits 252 is spaced apart from a short slit adjacent thereto by a center angle of 45 ⁇ 5 degrees as shown in Fig. 4B.
  • Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a bonded joint in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bonded joint includes: a joint main body 34 which is fitted over the end of the sucker rod main body 1; and an adhesive which is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the joint main body 34 and the sucker rod main body 1 Between the outer peripheral faces, the sucker rod main body 1 and the joint main body 34 are bonded together.
  • the adhesive is made of a high-strength high-temperature resistant resin and a certain proportion of chopped carbon fiber yarn.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the joint main body 34 is formed with a tapered stepped structure 35.
  • a wavy groove 36 is provided on the outer surface of the end portion (the right end in Fig. 7) of the bonded joint which is connected to the sucker rod main body.
  • the groove 36 is wrapped with a carbon fiber and glass fiber composite.
  • the thread direction of the components involved in the present invention may be selected from left-handed threads and/or right-handed threads according to actual needs to facilitate field installation operations.
  • the sucker rod body of the present invention may further comprise a communication line (for example, a communication cable or an optical fiber) for realizing communication between the sucker rod section and the pressure sensor or temperature sensor of the oil well, and communication between the sucker rod segments. And communication between the sucker rod and the external information processing device.
  • a communication line for example, a communication cable or an optical fiber
  • the electric heating cable in the electric heat tracing rod of the present invention is connected to the power supply line through an explosion-proof junction box.
  • the electric heat tracing sucker rod of the present invention is powered by a power source such as an alternating current or a direct current.
  • the metal tube in the fluid-heated sucker rod of the present invention is connected to the external line through a connecting member.
  • the shape of the core portion of the sucker rod of the present invention can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, an oblate shape, or an octagonal shape can be selected as shown in FIG.
  • the manufacturing method of the sucker rod main body mainly includes the following steps:
  • high-quality carbon fiber yarns and high-temperature resistant resins are used as raw materials, and they are manufactured by winding and pultrusion technology.
  • the carbon fiber yarn is taken out from the creel, passed through the guide frame and dried in the drying box, and then enters the glue tank dipping, and is pre-formed to become the core portion 11; then, using the winding machine to make the alkali-free glass fiber or alkali-free
  • the glass fiber felt is coated with the core portion 11 to form a protective layer 12, which is heated and solidified in the mold, and then solidified and then wound up.
  • the drawing mechanism uses a reciprocating hydraulic traction mechanism.
  • the pultrusion process is one of the common processes for fabricating fiber reinforced composite materials. For example, reference can be made to the development of a novel carbon fiber sucker rod (Chen Hou et al., Chemical Technology, 2001, 9(2): pp13-15).
  • the electric heating sucker rod When manufacturing the electric heating sucker rod, high-quality carbon fiber yarn and high temperature resistant resin are used as raw materials, and the winding pultrusion process technology is used.
  • the carbon fiber yarn is taken out from the creel, passed through the guide frame and dried in the drying box, and then enters the glue tank dipping, and after being preformed, becomes the core portion 11; then, the metal tube is sheathed to the electric heating cable 13 and the core portion 11 Simultaneously entering the winding machine side by side, the alkali-free glass will be
  • the fiber or alkali-free glass fiber felt covers the core portion 11 and the metal tube armored electric heating cable 13 to form a protective layer 12, which is heated and solidified in the mold, and then re-cured and then wound up.
  • the drawing mechanism uses a reciprocating hydraulic traction mechanism.
  • the continuous length of each (root) sucker rod can be several meters, several tens of meters, several hundred meters or several kilometers, which is obviously longer than the steel sucker rod section.
  • the coil bending radius of the sucker rod made according to the above method can be less than 1.5 meters, which indicates that the sucker rod of the present invention is significantly more flexible than the conventional steel sucker rod. It is for the above reasons that the sucker rod of the present invention is referred to as a "continuous flexible sucker rod.”
  • the sucker rod of the present invention has a tensile strength of up to 1800 MPa, which is more than twice that of a conventional steel sucker rod; in addition, the sucker rod of the present invention has a mass of 200 kg to 1000. Kilograms, equivalent to 1/20 to 1/4 of the weight of the steel rods of the same length. When used in deep or ultra-deep well production, large pump deep pumping techniques can be easily implemented. Therefore, while facilitating economical improvement of oil production efficiency and oil recovery, energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved, and safety and environmental protection are achieved.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the core is circular, etc., which is superior to the mechanical properties of the existing strip sucker rod.
  • the minimum coiling radius can reach 1.5 meters. Therefore, it is easy to carry out the transportation and installation work.
  • the cross-sectional area of the sucker rod is small, only 1/5 of the cross-sectional area of the conventional steel sucker rod. Therefore, the flow resistance of the liquid and the movement resistance of the sucker rod can be reduced, so that the energy consumption can be reduced.
  • the carbon fiber rod body is covered by high wear-resistant material, which can prolong the service life of the equipment, reduce the operation volume and cost of the oil well, and increase the oil production.
  • the continuous flexible sucker rod of the invention tests 13 ports in a low system efficiency well, and requires 1 large pump well test, 3 ultra deep wells and 4 inclined wells in the production increase.
  • the well pump depth is 1,143 meters
  • the power consumption before the test is 4.856 kW
  • the daily power consumption is 116.5 kWh.
  • the power consumption was 3.078 kW
  • the daily power consumption was 73.8 kWh
  • the energy saving was 36.6%
  • the system efficiency was increased by 2.85 percentage points.
  • the sucker rod was severely eccentric. After 510 days of testing, it was started in November 2013. The surface of the sucker rod was smooth, which effectively reduced the eccentric wear of the rod tube, and then continued to use the well. It has been used for more than 1,300 days.
  • the well pump depth is 1491 meters, using ⁇ 19 mm continuous flexible sucker rod 1100 meters, and ⁇ 22 mm steel sucker rod 676.84 meters below the continuous flexible sucker rod.
  • the system was running normally after two times of high temperature and heat washing at 110 degrees Celsius.
  • the upper current dropped from 29 amps before the test to 9 amps, the active power decreased from 6.266 kW to 3.057 kW, and the power saving rate reached 51.21%.
  • the system efficiency increased from 3.08% before the test to 6.41%, which improved. 3.33%.
  • the well was still in use after measuring the static pressure shut-off wax card after more than 300 kilograms of pull-out card, which showed high tensile strength and fatigue strength. It has been running normally 1200. Days.
  • the well was inclined at 27 degrees.
  • the pumping unit is a 6-type machine with a pump depth of 1,183 meters.
  • the rod tube was seriously worn.
  • the well pump diameter is adjusted from ⁇ 57 mm to ⁇ 70 mm. If a traditional steel sucker rod is used, the theoretical load of the well will reach 70.59 kN, and the large pumping unit should be replaced after the large pump is replaced.
  • a ⁇ 19 mm continuous flexible sucker rod was used for 800 m, and the lower part was connected with a ⁇ 22 mm steel sucker rod for 383 m.
  • the maximum load of the suspended point was measured to be only 53.88 kN, which was 16.71 kN lower than the theoretical load.
  • the maximum load at the suspension point was reduced by 24% compared with the steel sucker rod.
  • the small model drives the ⁇ 70 mm pump, which saves the cost of the one-time large pumping unit.
  • the test well was replaced with a large pump. After the downhole string was taken out, the surface of the ⁇ 19 mm continuous flexible sucker rod was found to be smooth and wear-free, and the steel sucker rod The ⁇ 22 mm HY-class sucker rod is grounded at the 9th coupling and the tubing is worn out.
  • continuous flexible sucker rods exhibit strong wear resistance and tensile strength.
  • the well design uses 800m of continuous ⁇ 19mm flexible rod, 300m of ⁇ 25mm steel sucker rod at the lower part, designed pump depth of 1100m, running parameter stroke of 3.5m, sprint 4 times/min. After use, the test suspension load was 57.73 kN. Created a pumping depth of 1100 well, sinking 200 meters, the ground uses a type 5 machine, with the world level of ⁇ 83 mm pump under the well. At present, the well has been in normal operation for more than 1200 days.
  • Project input cost The continuous flexible sucker rod and its supporting tools used in the two test wells cost RMB 160,000.
  • the single well saves 77.02 kWh per day, and it is estimated that the annual electricity saving will be 28112.3 kWh.
  • the annual electricity cost can be saved 18,000 yuan; the cost of saving 1100 meters of ⁇ 19mm steel sucker rod is 27,000 yuan; the cost of saving the centralizer is 15,000 yuan.
  • the total benefit is 60,000 yuan.
  • the single-chamber daily electricity saving is 112.4 kWh, and the annual energy saving is expected to be 41023 kWh.
  • the annual electricity cost is 26,000 yuan.
  • it can save the cost of replacing large pumping units by 144,000 yuan, saving ⁇ 22 mm steel sucker rod 800 meters cost 3.0 Ten thousand yuan; save the centralizer 15,000 yuan.
  • the well will increase the oil by 1.2 tons per day.
  • the warranty period of the ⁇ 70 mm pump is 280 days. It is estimated that the accumulated oil can be increased by 336 tons, which can create an economic benefit of 1.21 million yuan. The total benefit is 1.43 million yuan.
  • the well produced fluid concentration was 428 mg / liter.
  • the steel sucker rod was broken and the pump was cut off three times.
  • the average pumping period was 213 days, and the rod tube was more severely eccentric.
  • a ⁇ 25 mm metal sucker rod was designed to be used as a weighting rod.
  • an inner spray pipe is used in the matching pipe section.
  • the weighting rod portion is not provided with a centralizer, but a two-way protective coupling is used.
  • the test well was successfully put into operation on May 16th. Before and after the test, the alternating load dropped by 7 kN, which was 20% lower than before the test, and exceeded the average pumping cycle of the well for 500 days.

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  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

An oil extraction system, comprising a main sucker rod member (1) and a connector (2). The main sucker rod member comprises a core portion (11) and a protective layer (12) surrounding the core portion. A sucker rod having an electric trace heating function further comprises a metallic pipe-armored electrically-heated electric cable (13). A sucker rod having a fluid-trace heating and dilution functions further comprises a metallic pipe (14). The connector is disposed at an end of the main sucker rod member. The core portion is made from a resin-based carbon fiber composite material, and the protective layer is made from a fiber-reinforced composite material or a metal material. The connector is a mechanical fastening connector or an adhesive connector, wherein the mechanical fastening connector is connected to the main sucker rod member by means of mechanical fastening, and the adhesive connector is connected to the main sucker rod member by means of adhesion.

Description

抽油***Pumping system 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种抽油***，更具体地涉及适用于石油开采领域的由树脂基碳纤维复合材料等构成的连续柔性抽油杆。The present invention relates to a pumping system, and more particularly to a continuous flexible sucker rod composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material or the like suitable for use in the field of petroleum exploitation.
背景技术Background technique
有杆泵采油技术是当前国内外应用最广泛的机械采油技术。抽油杆是杆泵采油***中的关键部件之一。The rod pump oil production technology is currently the most widely used mechanical oil recovery technology at home and abroad. The sucker rod is one of the key components in the rod pump production system.
传统的钢质抽油杆由特种钢材制成并采用分段式不连续构造，每段(根)抽油杆的长度为7至9米。这种抽油杆主要存在如下缺点：(1)钢材的密度高，拉伸强度较低——这不仅导致应用抽油杆的过程中的能耗增加，而且由于抽油杆自身的重量和拉伸强度的限制，抽油杆的最大使用深度小于2500米；(2)这种钢材不耐酸、碱、硫化氢等物质的腐蚀；(3)在使用抽油杆时，每根抽油杆之间以接箍连接，进而由多根抽油杆串接形成抽油杆柱，由此方能与地下数百米至数千米深处的抽油泵相连——这导致抽油杆柱易磨损断脱，现场安装作业量大，并且操作者的劳动强度高；(4)每个接箍的长度为150毫米左右，接箍的直径比抽油杆的直径大，结果，当抽油杆柱在油管内上下运动时，接箍与油管内壁之间会发生磨擦，这极易导致接箍和/或油管壁磨损，进而导致抽油杆柱断脱或油管壁磨漏，尤其在斜井、水平井、深井和稠油井中更容易发生上述事故。The traditional steel sucker rods are made of special steel and feature a segmented discontinuous construction with a length of 7 to 9 meters per section. This type of sucker rod mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) high density of steel and low tensile strength - this not only leads to an increase in energy consumption during the application of the sucker rod, but also due to the weight and pull of the sucker rod itself. The maximum strength of the sucker rod is less than 2,500 meters; (2) the steel is not resistant to corrosion by acids, alkalis, hydrogen sulfide, etc.; (3) when using the sucker rod, each sucker rod The coupling is connected by a coupling, and a plurality of sucker rods are connected in series to form a sucker rod column, so that it can be connected with an oil pump of a depth of several hundred meters to several kilometers underground - which causes the sucker rod column to be easily worn. Broken off, the amount of on-site installation is large, and the operator's labor intensity is high; (4) the length of each coupling is about 150 mm, the diameter of the coupling is larger than the diameter of the sucker rod, and as a result, when the sucker rod is When moving up and down in the oil pipe, friction between the coupling and the inner wall of the oil pipe may occur, which may easily cause the coupling and/or the oil pipe wall to wear, which may cause the sucker rod column to break off or the oil pipe wall to wear out, especially in the oblique direction. These accidents are more likely to occur in wells, horizontal wells, deep wells, and heavy oil wells.
现有技术中还存在由玻璃钢制成的抽油杆。这种抽油杆也采用分段式不连续构造，每段(根)抽油杆的长度为7至9米，抽油杆的两端都粘接有金属接头，以便与外部部件连接。这种抽油杆主要存在如下缺点：(1)在使用抽油杆时，每根抽油杆之间以接箍连接，进而由多根抽油杆串接形成抽油杆柱，由此方能与地下数百米至数千米深处的抽油泵相连——这导致现场操作者的劳动强度增大；(2)接箍处容 易发生磨损或断脱，油管壁容易磨漏；(3)抽油杆对侧向力和轴向力的抵抗性差，拉伸强度和疲劳强度低。There is also a sucker rod made of fiberglass in the prior art. The sucker rod also adopts a segmented discontinuous structure. Each section (root) sucker rod has a length of 7 to 9 meters, and both ends of the sucker rod are bonded with metal joints for connection with external components. The sucker rod mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) When the sucker rod is used, each sucker rod is connected by a coupling, and then a plurality of sucker rods are connected in series to form a sucker rod column, thereby It can be connected to an oil pump from a depth of several hundred meters to several kilometers underground - this leads to an increase in the labor intensity of the field operator; (2) the coupling capacity It is prone to wear or breakage, and the oil pipe wall is easy to wear; (3) The sucker rod has poor resistance to lateral force and axial force, and has low tensile strength and fatigue strength.
现有技术中还存在由碳纤维复合材料制成的连续柔性带状抽油杆。由于受当时的树脂的柔韧性的限制，所以为了满足抽油杆杆体的盘绕半径的要求，只好将抽油杆杆体的横截面做成扁方形(即，抽油杆整体上呈带状)。然而，这会导致如下缺点：(1)因为抽油杆杆体的宽面方向单薄，所以它对垂直于宽面的径向力的抵抗性差，容易发生弯曲并断裂；(2)当对抽油杆杆体的宽面施力不均时，容易产生纵向撕裂；(3)当对抽油杆杆体施加轴向力时，抽油杆杆体容易向宽面方向的一侧弯曲而发生折断。另外，复合材料与金属材料的连接问题一直是世界性的技术难题，特别是对由纤维复合材料制成的几百米甚至几千米的连续柔性抽油杆而言，全凭位于抽油杆杆体端部的十几厘米长的结合部来与金属接头相连，而结合部通常要承受几十吨力的动态拉力，因而实现起来技术难度很大——这也是抽油杆能否可靠地应用的关键。另外，由于这种抽油杆杆体的机械力学性能可能具有各向异性，所以抽油杆的与金属接头相连的结合部的可靠性可能会降低很多。由于抽油杆杆体与金属接头相结合的部位是应力最集中的部位，所以当抽油杆杆体发生摆动或振动时，该部位最容易受损——由碳纤维复合材料制成的连续柔性带状抽油杆更是如此。通过多年的现场应用，证明：由碳纤维复合材料制成的连续柔性带状抽油杆杆体的承载功能单一，机械力学性能及其与金属接头连接后的可靠性都很差。结果，这种抽油杆远不能满足当前油田开采的使用要求，进而导致它的使用范围有限。There are also continuous flexible ribbon sucker rods made of carbon fiber composite materials in the prior art. Due to the flexibility of the resin at the time, in order to meet the requirements of the coiling radius of the sucker rod body, the cross section of the sucker rod body was made flat (that is, the sucker rod was strip-shaped as a whole). However, this leads to the following disadvantages: (1) Because the wide-face direction of the sucker rod body is thin, it is less resistant to radial forces perpendicular to the wide face, and is prone to bending and breaking; (2) when pumping oil When the wide surface of the rod body is unevenly applied, longitudinal tearing is likely to occur; (3) When an axial force is applied to the rod body, the rod body is easily bent to one side in the wide surface direction to be broken. In addition, the problem of the connection of composite materials to metallic materials has always been a worldwide technical problem, especially for continuous flexible sucker rods of several hundred meters or even several kilometers made of fiber composite materials, which are all located on the sucker rods. The joint of more than ten centimeters long at the end of the rod is connected to the metal joint, and the joint is usually subjected to dynamic tension of several tens of tons of force, so it is technically difficult to implement - this is also the reliable application of the sucker rod key. In addition, since the mechanical properties of the sucker rod body may be anisotropic, the reliability of the joint of the sucker rod connected to the metal joint may be much lower. Since the part where the sucker rod body and the metal joint are combined is the most concentrated part of the stress, when the sucker rod body is swung or vibrated, the part is most easily damaged - a continuous flexible strip made of carbon fiber composite material This is especially true for sucker rods. Through years of field application, it has been proved that the continuous flexible belt-shaped sucker rod body made of carbon fiber composite material has a single bearing function, and the mechanical properties and reliability after connection with the metal joint are very poor. As a result, such a sucker rod is far from meeting the current use requirements for oil field exploitation, which in turn leads to its limited use.
现有技术中还存在柔性电伴热抽油杆。这种抽油杆的电加热材料为无氧铜线。无氧铜线位于抽油杆杆体的中心并包覆有绝缘层，抽油杆的外层包覆有用作承载主体的钢丝绳层。这种抽油杆主要存在如下缺陷：(1)作为承载主体的钢丝绳层在承载之后伸长率增大，致使抽油泵的效率降低；(2)钢丝绳层不耐磨损，使用寿命短——只要磨断一根钢丝，钢丝绳层便整体报废；(3)无氧铜线的电导率高，但电热转换效率低，因而不适合用作电热转换体。因此，这种抽油杆的工业 实用性不高。Flexible electric heat tracing rods are also found in the prior art. The electric heating material of such a sucker rod is an oxygen-free copper wire. The oxygen-free copper wire is located at the center of the sucker rod body and is covered with an insulating layer, and the outer layer of the sucker rod is covered with a wire rope layer serving as a carrier body. The sucker rod mainly has the following defects: (1) the elongation of the steel wire rope layer as the load bearing body after loading increases, which causes the efficiency of the oil pump to be lowered; (2) the steel wire rope layer is not resistant to wear and has a short service life - As long as one wire is broken, the wire rope layer is completely scrapped; (3) The oxygen-free copper wire has high electrical conductivity, but the electrothermal conversion efficiency is low, so it is not suitable for use as an electrothermal converter. Therefore, this sucker rod industry Practicality is not high.
现有技术中还存在空心电加热型抽油杆。这种抽油杆是由多段空心的钢质抽油杆段串连而成的抽油杆柱，总长度可达几百米至几千米。各抽油杆段是一个独立的单元。各抽油杆段的空心部位填充有经过绝缘处理的电加热材料。在使用这种抽油杆时，利用专用的接箍来实现各抽油杆段之间的电气连接、机械连接以及密封。这种抽油杆除了存在上文所述的钢质抽油杆所共有的缺陷外，抽油杆段之间的连接部位密封性要求高且容易失效。There is also a hollow electric heating type sucker rod in the prior art. The sucker rod is a sucker rod column which is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow steel sucker rod segments in series, and the total length can be several hundred meters to several kilometers. Each sucker rod section is a separate unit. The hollow portion of each sucker rod section is filled with an electrically heated material that is insulated. In the use of such a sucker rod, a dedicated coupling is used to achieve electrical, mechanical, and sealing between the various sucker rod segments. In addition to the defects common to the steel sucker rods described above, such sucker rods have high sealing requirements and are prone to failure in connection between the sucker rod sections.
现有技术中还存在一种高强耐磨连续柔性抽油杆，(实用新型授权公告号：CN201883953U，专利号：ZL201020643806.X。该实用新型专利的发明人与本发明的发明人相同)。这种抽油杆主要由碳纤维、环氧树脂、无碱玻璃纤维和芳纶绒布组成，并存在下述缺陷：There is also a high-strength wear-resistant continuous flexible sucker rod in the prior art, ( Utility Model Authorization No.: CN201883953U, Patent No.: ZL201020643806.X. The inventor of the utility model patent is the same as the inventor of the present invention). This sucker rod is mainly composed of carbon fiber, epoxy resin, alkali-free glass fiber and aramid flannel, and has the following defects:
(1)复合材料与金属的连接问题是世界性技术难题。在上述实用新型专利中，没有涉及抽油杆杆体与外部金属件的连接方法——而这将直接影响抽油杆的使用效果。(1) The problem of the connection of composite materials to metals is a worldwide technical problem. In the above utility model patent, there is no connection method of the sucker rod body and the external metal part - and this will directly affect the use effect of the sucker rod.
(2)经实验证明，上述抽油杆的防护层对高压水的防护性能差，不适合对杆体通电加热。(2) It has been proved by experiments that the protective layer of the above sucker rod has poor protection against high pressure water and is not suitable for electric heating of the rod body.
(3)芳纶绒布与环氧树脂浸润性差，需经特殊物化方法处理后，浸润性才能改善，致使制造过程复杂，技术难度大、费用高。(3) Aramid fleece and epoxy resin have poor wettability, and the infiltration property can be improved after special physical and chemical treatment, resulting in complicated manufacturing process, high technical difficulty and high cost.
(4)芳纶绒布价格昂贵。(4) Aramid flannel is expensive.
(5)性价比低，不适合大量使用。(5) Low cost performance, not suitable for large-scale use.
(6)体形状单一，使用范围受限。(6) The body shape is single and the scope of use is limited.
在我国，高含水度油井、高液粘度油井、深油井(深度大于2500米)、超深油井(深度大于3000米)、斜油井、海洋油井和高腐蚀性油井的数量逐渐增加，井矿环境恶劣，开采难度大，抽油机超载井的数量日趋增多。因此，迫切需要一种拉伸强度高、防偏磨、质量轻、防腐蚀、抗疲劳、运行能耗低、现场操作简便并且安全环保的抽油杆。In China, the number of high water content oil wells, high liquid viscosity oil wells, deep oil wells (depth greater than 2500 meters), ultra deep oil wells (depth greater than 3000 meters), inclined oil wells, offshore oil wells and highly corrosive oil wells is increasing, and the mine environment It is difficult and difficult to mine, and the number of wells in pumping units is increasing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sucker rod with high tensile strength, anti-biasing, light weight, anti-corrosion, anti-fatigue, low operating energy consumption, simple on-site operation, and safety and environmental protection.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种由树脂基碳纤维复合材料等 构成的连续柔性抽油杆。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a resin-based carbon fiber composite material or the like. A continuous flexible sucker rod is constructed.
根据本发明的第一方面，提供一种抽油***，其包括抽油杆主体和接头，所述抽油杆主体包括心部和包围所述心部的防护层，所述接头设置在所述抽油杆主体的端部。本发明的抽油***特征在于，According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pumping system including a sucker rod body and a joint, the sucker rod body including a core portion and a protective layer surrounding the core portion, the joint being disposed at the The end of the sucker rod body. The oil pumping system of the present invention is characterized in that
所述心部由树脂基碳纤维复合材料构成；并且The core is composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material;
所述接头为机械锁定式接头或粘接式接头，所述机械锁定式接头通过机械锁定的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连，而所述粘接式接头通过粘接的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连。The joint is a mechanical locking joint or a bonded joint, the mechanical locking joint is connected to the sucker rod body by mechanical locking, and the bonded joint is bonded and the pumping The body of the oil rod is connected.
优选地，所述抽油杆主体包括通信线路。Preferably, the sucker rod body comprises a communication line.
优选地，所述防护层由树脂基绝缘纤维增强复合材料构成，并用作电绝缘层。Preferably, the protective layer is composed of a resin-based insulating fiber reinforced composite material and serves as an electrically insulating layer.
优选地，所述心部用作电热转换体。Preferably, the core is used as an electrothermal converter.
优选地，所述机械锁定式接头包括：Preferably, the mechanical locking joint comprises:
内套筒(25)，所述内套筒包围并夹持所述抽油杆主体的端部，并且所述内套筒的外周面具有锥度；An inner sleeve (25), the inner sleeve surrounds and clamps an end of the sucker rod body, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve has a taper;
顶杆(21)，其端面抵靠所述内套筒的端面；以及a jack (21) having an end surface abutting an end surface of the inner sleeve;
外套筒(24)，所述外套筒的第一端的内周面具有与所述内套筒(25)的外周面相同的锥度，以便与所述内套筒的外周面卡合，并且所述外套筒的第二端利用内螺纹与所述顶杆(21)相连。更优选地，在所述机械锁定式接头与所述抽油杆主体完成连接后，所述内套筒(25)的第一端从所述外套筒(24)的第一端的出口伸出；或者所述机械锁定式接头还包括：An outer sleeve (24) having an inner peripheral surface of the first end of the outer sleeve having the same taper as the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve (25) to engage with the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve, And the second end of the outer sleeve is connected to the jack (21) by an internal thread. More preferably, after the mechanical locking joint is connected to the sucker rod body, the first end of the inner sleeve (25) extends from the outlet of the first end of the outer sleeve (24) Or the mechanical locking joint further comprises:
锁紧螺母(22)，其设置在所述外套筒与所述顶杆之间；以及a lock nut (22) disposed between the outer sleeve and the jack; and
紧定螺钉(23)，其用于在所述锁紧螺母锁紧之后锁紧所述锁紧螺母。 A set screw (23) for locking the lock nut after the lock nut is locked.
可选择地，所述抽油***是具有电伴热功能的抽油杆或具有流体伴热和稀释功能的抽油杆，在所述顶杆(21)的轴向中心部位设有与所述抽油杆主体的横截面相同形状的孔，以使所述抽油杆主体穿过；或者从所述内套筒的两端开始分别设置至少一条缝隙(251、252)，所述缝隙沿所述内套筒的长度方向延伸并贯穿所述内套筒的一部分，更优选地从所述内套筒的外径较大的一端开始，沿圆周方向设置四条第一缝隙(251)，所述第一缝隙中相邻的两条第一缝隙都隔开90度圆心角；Alternatively, the oil pumping system is a sucker rod having an electric heat tracing function or a sucker rod having a fluid heat tracing and dilution function, and is provided at an axial center portion of the jack (21) a hole of the same shape of the cross section of the sucker rod body to pass the sucker rod body; or at least one slit (251, 252) is respectively provided from both ends of the inner sleeve, the gap edge Extending the length direction of the inner sleeve and penetrating a portion of the inner sleeve, more preferably from the end of the inner sleeve having a larger outer diameter, and providing four first slits (251) in the circumferential direction, The two adjacent first slits in the first slit are separated by a 90 degree central angle;
从所述内套筒的外径较小的一端开始，沿圆周方向设置两条第二缝隙(252)，所述两条第二缝隙彼此隔开180度圆心角；Starting from an end of the inner sleeve having a smaller outer diameter, two second slits (252) are disposed along the circumferential direction, the two second slits being separated from each other by a central angle of 180 degrees;
所述两条第二缝隙中的一条第二缝隙与所述四条第一缝隙中的一条第一缝隙隔开45度圆心角；并且a second slit of the two second slits is separated from a first slit of the four first slits by a central angle of 45 degrees; and
所述第一缝隙的长度小于所述第二缝隙的长度。The length of the first slit is smaller than the length of the second slit.
优选地所述粘接式接头包括：Preferably the bonded joint comprises:
接头主体(34)，其包围所述抽油杆主体的端部；以及a joint body (34) that surrounds an end of the sucker rod body;
粘合剂，其涂布在所述接头主体的内周面与所述抽油杆主体的外周面之间，更优选地所述接头主体的内周面采用有锥度的台阶式结构(35)，或所述粘合剂中含有短切碳纤维纱。An adhesive applied between an inner circumferential surface of the joint main body and an outer circumferential surface of the sucker rod main body, and more preferably an inner peripheral surface of the joint main body adopts a tapered stepped structure (35) Or the chopped carbon fiber yarn is contained in the binder.
优选地，所述粘接式接头的与所述抽油杆主体连接的端部的外表面上设有波浪状凹槽(36)，所述凹槽中缠有碳纤维和玻璃纤维复合材料。Preferably, the outer surface of the end of the bonded joint that is connected to the sucker rod body is provided with a wavy groove (36) in which a carbon fiber and a glass fiber composite material are wrapped.
优选地，所述抽油杆主体的长度为1米以上。Preferably, the length of the sucker rod body is 1 meter or more.
优选地，构成所述心部的材料包括碳纤维、热固型或热塑型树脂、固化剂和脱模剂，更优选地热固型树脂是环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯树脂、乙烯基脂树脂和不饱和树脂中的最少其中一种；或热塑型树脂是尼龙、聚酰亚胺和氟塑料中的最少其中一种。 Preferably, the material constituting the core portion comprises carbon fiber, a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, a curing agent and a releasing agent, and more preferably the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a vinyl resin resin And at least one of the unsaturated resins; or the thermoplastic resin is at least one of nylon, polyimide, and fluoroplastic.
优选地，所述防护层(12)由树脂基纤维增强复合材料或金属合金材料制成。Preferably, the protective layer (12) is made of a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material or a metal alloy material.
优选地所述防护层(12)和所述心部(11)的基体树脂可以相同，也可以不同。Preferably, the protective layer (12) and the base resin of the core portion (11) may be the same or different.
优选地，所述心部的横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、扁圆形或八方形。Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the core is circular, elliptical, oblate or octagonal.
更优选地，具有电伴热功能的抽油杆包括金属管铠装电热电缆(13)；并且具有流体伴热和稀释功能的抽油杆包括金属管(14)。More preferably, the sucker rod having the electric heat tracing function includes a metal tube armored electric heating cable (13); and the sucker rod having the fluid heat tracing and dilution function includes a metal tube (14).
本发明的另外一方面提供一种抽油杆接头，其设置在抽油杆主体的端部，所述抽油杆主体具有由树脂基碳纤维复合材料构成的心部以及包围所述心部的防护层，其特征在于，Another aspect of the present invention provides a sucker rod joint provided at an end of a sucker rod main body having a core portion composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material and a protection surrounding the core portion Layer, characterized in that
所述抽油杆接头为机械锁定式接头或粘接式接头，所述机械锁定式接头通过机械锁定的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连，而所述粘接式接头通过粘接的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连。The sucker rod joint is a mechanical locking joint or a bonded joint, and the mechanical locking joint is connected to the sucker rod body by mechanical locking, and the bonded joint is bonded and The sucker rod bodies are connected.
附图说明DRAWINGS
在下文中，将结合附图详细地描述本发明的示例性实施例。在附图中，以相同或相似的附图标记指示相同或相似的部件。另外，附图只是示例性的，而不是限制性的。附图中的部件的尺寸和比例关系不一定精确。Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figures, the same or similar components are designated by the same or similar reference numerals. In addition, the drawings are merely illustrative and not restrictive. The dimensions and proportional relationships of the components in the drawings are not necessarily precise.
图1是根据本发明的示例性实施例的抽油杆的局部剖侧视图。1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a sucker rod in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
图2A是根据本发明的示例性实施例的抽油杆主体的一部分的侧剖视图。2A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of a sucker rod body, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
图2B是沿着图2A中的平面A-A截取的抽油杆主体的剖视图。Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod main body taken along the plane A-A in Fig. 2A.
图3A是根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例的电加热式抽油杆主体 的一部分的侧剖视图。3A is an electrically heated sucker rod body in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Partial cross-sectional view of the part.
图3B是沿着图3A中平面B-B截取的抽油杆主体的剖视图。Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body taken along plane B-B of Figure 3A.
图4A是根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例的具有伴热、稀释(若需稀释)流体流通的通道伴热抽油杆侧剖视图。4A is a side cross-sectional view of a channel heat tracing rod with heat tracing, dilution (if dilution) fluid flow, in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
图4B是沿着图4A中平面C-C截取的抽油杆主体的剖视图。Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body taken along plane C-C of Figure 4A.
图5是机械锁定式接头的侧剖视图。Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the mechanically locking joint.
图6A是图5中的机械锁定式接头的内套筒的透视图。Figure 6A is a perspective view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5.
图6B是图5中的机械锁定式接头的内套筒的端视图。Figure 6B is an end elevational view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5.
图7是根据本发明的示例性实施例的粘接式接头的局部剖侧视图。Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a bonded joint in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
图8是根据本发明的示例性实施例的抽油杆主体的横截面形状的示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional shape of a sucker rod body according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
<抽油杆的整体构造><Overall construction of sucker rod>
图1是根据本发明的示例性实施例的抽油杆的局部剖侧视图。如图1所示，抽油杆包括抽油杆主体1和设置在抽油杆主体1两端的接头2。1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a sucker rod in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the sucker rod includes a sucker rod main body 1 and a joint 2 provided at both ends of the sucker rod main body 1.
图2A是抽油杆主体1的一部分的侧剖视图。图2B是沿着图2A中的平面A-A截取的抽油杆主体1的剖视图。如图2A和图2B所示，抽油杆主体1包括心部11和包围心部11的防护层12。心部11由树脂基碳纤维复合材料经拉挤工艺制造而成。心部11的基体树脂可以是耐温等级要求达到180摄氏度以上的热固型树脂(例如环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯树脂、乙烯基脂树脂和不饱和树脂等)或热塑型树脂(例如尼龙、聚酰亚胺和氟塑料等)。另外，心部11的疲劳强度高：经过100赫兹，107次动态拉伸后，剩余强度为原来的90％；而在同样的测试条件下，钢质心部的剩余强度只有原来的30％至40％。因此，由树脂基碳纤维复合材料制成的心部11适合用作承载主体。防护层12可以由树脂基纤维增强复合材料制成。防护层12和心部11的基体树脂可以相同，也可以不同，防护层12中的增强纤维要求强度高、耐高温、电绝缘性能好、加工工艺简单、防磨损性能好、与树脂浸润性好、性 价比高等，以便起到电绝缘和防撞击的作用。根据上述要求，防护层12中的增强纤维可以采用无碱玻璃纤维纱、无碱玻璃纤维布或无碱玻璃纤维毡等。2A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the sucker rod body 1. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body 1 taken along a plane AA in FIG. 2A. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the sucker rod main body 1 includes a core portion 11 and a protective layer 12 surrounding the core portion 11. The core portion 11 is manufactured by a pultrusion process of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material. The base resin of the core portion 11 may be a thermosetting resin (for example, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a urethane resin, a vinyl resin resin, an unsaturated resin, or the like) or a thermoplastic resin (for example, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a urethane resin, a vinyl resin resin, or an unsaturated resin) having a temperature resistance level of 180 degrees Celsius or more. Nylon, polyimide and fluoroplastics, etc.). In addition, the fatigue strength of the core portion 11 is high: after 100 Hz, after 10 7 dynamic stretching, the residual strength is 90% of the original; and under the same test conditions, the residual strength of the steel core is only 30% of the original 40%. Therefore, the core portion 11 made of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material is suitable as a carrier body. The protective layer 12 may be made of a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material. The base resin of the protective layer 12 and the core portion 11 may be the same or different, and the reinforcing fibers in the protective layer 12 are required to have high strength, high temperature resistance, good electrical insulation performance, simple processing technology, good anti-wear performance, and good resin wettability. , cost-effective, in order to play the role of electrical insulation and anti-collision. According to the above requirements, the reinforcing fibers in the protective layer 12 may be an alkali-free glass fiber yarn, an alkali-free glass fiber cloth or an alkali-free glass fiber mat or the like.
图3A是根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例的电加热式抽油杆主体的一部分的侧剖视图。图3B是沿着图3A中平面B-B截取的抽油杆主体的剖视图。在图3A和图3B所示的示例性实施例中，抽油杆主体1除了包括心部11和防护层12之外，还包括电伴热电缆13(电伴热电缆13的使用数量为一根以上)。电伴热电缆13具有金属管铠装，使用硅橡胶、氟塑料、玻璃纤维复合材料、云母、陶瓷或氧化铝粉中的一种或数种作为绝缘，并使用无氧铜镀镍线作为电流导线兼电热转换体。电伴热电缆13排布在心部11和防护层12之间，如果使用两根以上电伴热电缆13，则这些电伴热电缆13对称分布在心部11的周围。电伴热电缆13通电后可将电能转换成热能。外部供电电源(未示出)、电伴热电缆13的无氧铜镀镍线和金属管铠装共同构成电加热回路。防护层12包敷住心部11和电伴热电缆13。电伴热电缆13产生的热量经防护层12传导并加热油管内的原油。金属管铠装的金属管的耐压强度大于30兆帕。3A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of an electrically heated sucker rod body in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body taken along plane B-B of Figure 3A. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the sucker rod main body 1 includes an electric heating cable 13 in addition to the core portion 11 and the protective layer 12 (the number of the electric heat tracing cable 13 is one. Root above). The electric heat tracing cable 13 has a metal tube armor, and uses one or several of silicone rubber, fluoroplastic, glass fiber composite material, mica, ceramic or alumina powder as insulation, and uses an oxygen-free copper nickel-plated wire as a current. Wire and electrothermal converter. The electric heat tracing cable 13 is arranged between the core portion 11 and the protective layer 12. If two or more electric heat tracing cables 13 are used, the electric heat tracing cables 13 are symmetrically distributed around the core portion 11. The electric heat tracing cable 13 can convert electrical energy into thermal energy after being energized. An external power supply (not shown), an oxygen-free copper-plated nickel wire of the electric heat tracing cable 13, and a metal pipe armor together constitute an electric heating circuit. The protective layer 12 encases the core portion 11 and the electric heat tracing cable 13. The heat generated by the electric heat tracing cable 13 is conducted through the protective layer 12 and heats the crude oil in the oil pipe. The metal tube armored metal tube has a compressive strength greater than 30 MPa.
另外，由于碳纤维属于半导体材料，其电热转换效率可达98％以上，是迄今为止已知的电热转换效率最高的电发热体(经测试，直径为19毫米的心部11的电阻率是0.1欧姆/米)。也就是说，碳纤维能够将电能高效地转化为热能。因此，心部11还可以用作电热转换体，从而将抽油杆做成电加热式抽油杆。这种方法的最大优点是电热转换效率高；主要缺点是生产工艺复杂、加工难度大、生产设备昂贵及技术实施困难，产品技术性能稳定性差，性价比较低。因此，这种方案在目前加工技术水平下不宜采用。In addition, since carbon fiber is a semiconductor material, its electrothermal conversion efficiency can reach 98% or more, and it is the electrothermal heating body having the highest electrothermal conversion efficiency known so far (tested, the resistivity of the core 11 having a diameter of 19 mm is 0.1 ohm. /Meter). That is to say, carbon fiber can efficiently convert electrical energy into heat. Therefore, the core portion 11 can also be used as an electrothermal converter, thereby making the sucker rod an electrically heated sucker rod. The biggest advantage of this method is the high electrothermal conversion efficiency; the main disadvantages are complicated production process, difficult processing, expensive production equipment and difficult technical implementation, poor technical performance and low cost performance. Therefore, this kind of scheme is not suitable for use at the current processing technology level.
图4A是根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例的流体伴热式抽油杆主体的一部分的侧剖视图。图4B是沿着图4A中的平面C-C截取的抽油杆主体的剖视图。在图4A和图4B所示的示例性实施例中，抽油杆主体1除了包括心部11和防护层12之外，还包括伴热流体、稀释(若需稀释)流体流通的通道，即金属管14(金属管14的使用数量为一根 以上)。图中金属管14由不锈钢或其他金属制成。如果使用两根以上的金属管14时，则这些金属管14对称分布在心部11的周围。心部11和金属管14被防护层12包覆成一体。金属管14(耐压强度大于30兆帕)可以由圆形或其他异型管制成。这种抽油杆的制造过程如下：首先制成心部11，然后将金属管14排布在心部11的两侧，再用无碱玻璃纤维和环氧树脂经缠绕拉挤工艺构成防护层12包裹住心部11和金属管14。当抽油杆杆体在油井中工作时，伴热流体自金属管14的上端进入。在伴热流体流动的过程中，伴热流体的热量经金属管14的管壁和防护层12传导加热油管内的原油；同时，自金属管14下端流出的伴热流体进入油管内，以加热和稀释(若需稀释)油管内的原油。4A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of a fluid tracing sucker rod body in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the sucker rod body taken along plane C-C of FIG. 4A. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the sucker rod body 1 includes, in addition to the core portion 11 and the protective layer 12, a heat-conducting fluid, a channel for diluting (if necessary to dilute) fluid flow, that is, Metal tube 14 (the number of metal tubes 14 used is one the above). The metal tube 14 is made of stainless steel or other metal. If two or more metal pipes 14 are used, these metal pipes 14 are symmetrically distributed around the core portion 11. The core portion 11 and the metal tube 14 are covered by the protective layer 12. The metal tube 14 (pressure resistance greater than 30 MPa) can be made of a circular or other shaped tube. The manufacturing process of the sucker rod is as follows: first, the core portion 11 is formed, then the metal tube 14 is arranged on both sides of the core portion 11, and the protective layer 12 is formed by the pultrusion process using alkali-free glass fiber and epoxy resin. The core 11 and the metal tube 14 are wrapped. The heat tracing fluid enters from the upper end of the metal tube 14 when the sucker rod body is operating in the oil well. During the flow of the heat-traveling fluid, the heat of the heat-treating fluid conducts the crude oil in the heating oil pipe through the pipe wall of the metal pipe 14 and the protective layer 12; meanwhile, the heat-storing fluid flowing out from the lower end of the metal pipe 14 enters the oil pipe to be heated. And dilute (if necessary to dilute) the crude oil in the tubing.
<机械锁定式接头的构造><Configuration of mechanical locking joint>
图5是根据本发明的示例性实施例的机械锁定式接头的侧剖视图。如图5所示，机械锁定式接头包括顶杆21、外套筒24和内套筒25(内套筒也可称为锁紧筒)。内套筒25紧套在抽油杆主体的端部周围。外套筒24右端的内周面具有锥度，内套筒25的外周面也具有锥度。例如，外套筒24的内周面和内套筒25的外周面的锥度都可以是1∶40。这样，内套筒25的外径较小的一端(图4中为右端)可以沿着由左向右的方向***外套筒24中并最终紧卡在外套筒24中。顶杆21的左右两端都设置有螺纹。顶杆21的左端可以与其他部件相连，顶杆21的右端旋入外套筒24的左端。随着顶杆21的旋入，顶杆21的端面抵靠内套筒25的左端面，并将***外套筒24中的内套筒25连同抽油杆主体1一起向右推。由于外套筒25右端的内周面和内套筒25的外周面的锥度的存在，内套筒25连同抽油杆主体1最终紧卡在外套筒24中。Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a mechanically locking joint in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the mechanical locking joint includes a ram 21, an outer sleeve 24 and an inner sleeve 25 (the inner sleeve may also be referred to as a locking cylinder). The inner sleeve 25 is tightly fitted around the end of the sucker rod body. The inner peripheral surface of the right end of the outer sleeve 24 has a taper, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 25 also has a taper. For example, the inner circumferential surface of the outer sleeve 24 and the outer circumferential surface of the inner sleeve 25 may each have a taper of 1:40. Thus, the smaller end of the inner sleeve 25 (the right end in FIG. 4) can be inserted into the outer sleeve 24 in the left-to-right direction and finally clamped into the outer sleeve 24. The left and right ends of the jack 21 are provided with threads. The left end of the jack 21 can be connected to other components, and the right end of the jack 21 is screwed into the left end of the outer sleeve 24. As the jack 21 is screwed in, the end face of the jack 21 abuts against the left end face of the inner sleeve 25, and the inner sleeve 25 inserted into the outer sleeve 24 is pushed to the right together with the sucker rod body 1. Due to the presence of the taper of the inner peripheral surface of the right end of the outer sleeve 25 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 25, the inner sleeve 25 together with the sucker rod main body 1 is finally caught in the outer sleeve 24.
机械锁定式接头还可以包括：锁紧螺母22，其设置在外套筒25与顶杆21之间；紧定螺钉23，其用于在锁紧螺母22旋紧之后将锁紧螺母22锁紧，以防止锁紧螺母22松动；内套筒25卡紧抽油杆主体1后，内套筒25的右端从外套筒24的右端出口伸出至少25毫米，以使抽油杆主体1中集中在内套筒25右端出口处的应力逐渐减小。特别是当抽油杆主体1发生振动或摆动时，伸出部分的弹性可以保护抽油杆主体1免受应力集中的破坏。 The mechanical locking joint may further include: a lock nut 22 disposed between the outer sleeve 25 and the jack 21; and a set screw 23 for locking the lock nut 22 after the lock nut 22 is tightened, In order to prevent the lock nut 22 from loosening; after the inner sleeve 25 is clamped to the sucker rod main body 1, the right end of the inner sleeve 25 protrudes from the right end outlet of the outer sleeve 24 by at least 25 mm to concentrate the sucker rod main body 1. The stress at the outlet of the right end of the inner sleeve 25 is gradually reduced. In particular, when the sucker rod main body 1 vibrates or oscillates, the elasticity of the projecting portion can protect the sucker rod main body 1 from the stress concentration.
顶杆21、锁紧螺母22、紧定螺钉23、外套筒24和内套筒25可以由金属材料和或合金材料制成。The jack 21, the lock nut 22, the set screw 23, the outer sleeve 24 and the inner sleeve 25 may be made of a metal material and or an alloy material.
图6A是图5中的机械锁定式接头的内套筒的透视图。图6B是图5中的机械锁定式接头的内套筒的端视图。如图6A和图6B所示，从内套筒25的两端开始，可以分别设置至少一条缝隙，这些缝隙都沿着内套筒25的长度方向延伸并贯穿内套筒25的一部分。Figure 6A is a perspective view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5. Figure 6B is an end elevational view of the inner sleeve of the mechanically locking joint of Figure 5. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, from the both ends of the inner sleeve 25, at least one slit may be separately provided, which slits extend along the length direction of the inner sleeve 25 and penetrate a portion of the inner sleeve 25.
在图4A和图4B所示的实施例中，从内套筒25的外径较大的一端开始，沿圆周方向均匀地设置有四条短缝隙251，也就是说，这四条短缝隙251中相邻的两条缝隙251都隔开90度圆心角。这四条短缝隙251的终端距内套筒25的外径较小的一端(图4A中为右端)的端面有20毫米的距离。同时，从内套筒25的外径较小的一端(图4A中为右端)开始，沿圆周方向设置有两条相隔180度圆心角的长缝隙252。每条短缝隙251的长度比每条长缝隙252的长度小5毫米。另外，当沿着内套筒25的轴向看去时，任意一条长缝隙252与其相邻的一条短缝隙隔开45±5度圆心角，如图4B所示。In the embodiment shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, four short slits 251 are uniformly disposed in the circumferential direction from the end having the larger outer diameter of the inner sleeve 25, that is, the middle of the four short slits 251 The two adjacent slits 251 are separated by a 90 degree central angle. The ends of the four short slits 251 are 20 mm apart from the end face of the inner end of the inner sleeve 25 having a smaller outer diameter (the right end in Fig. 4A). At the same time, from the end of the inner sleeve 25 having the smaller outer diameter (the right end in Fig. 4A), two long slits 252 separated by a central angle of 180 degrees are disposed in the circumferential direction. The length of each short slit 251 is 5 mm smaller than the length of each long slit 252. Further, when viewed along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 25, any one of the long slits 252 is spaced apart from a short slit adjacent thereto by a center angle of 45 ± 5 degrees as shown in Fig. 4B.
由于上述缝隙251和252的存在，当内套筒25沿着外套筒24的内周面向右移动时，内套筒25的外周壁可以在径向挤压力的作用下向内收缩，从而进一步夹紧抽油杆主体1的端部。Due to the presence of the slits 251 and 252, when the inner sleeve 25 moves rightward along the inner circumferential surface of the outer sleeve 24, the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve 25 can be contracted inward by the radial pressing force, thereby The end of the sucker rod body 1 is further clamped.
<粘接式接头的构造><Configuration of bonded joint>
图7是根据本发明的示例性实施例的粘接式接头的局部剖侧视图。如图7所示，粘接式接头包括：接头主体34，其套在抽油杆主体1的端部；以及粘合剂，其涂布在接头主体34的内周面与抽油杆主体1的外周面之间，从而将抽油杆主体1和接头主体34粘接起来。为了提高粘接强度，粘合剂由高强度耐高温树脂和一定比例的短切碳纤维纱制成。另外，接头主体34的内周面采用了有锥度的台阶式结构35。Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a bonded joint in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the bonded joint includes: a joint main body 34 which is fitted over the end of the sucker rod main body 1; and an adhesive which is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the joint main body 34 and the sucker rod main body 1 Between the outer peripheral faces, the sucker rod main body 1 and the joint main body 34 are bonded together. In order to improve the bonding strength, the adhesive is made of a high-strength high-temperature resistant resin and a certain proportion of chopped carbon fiber yarn. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the joint main body 34 is formed with a tapered stepped structure 35.
此外，粘接式接头的与抽油杆主体连接的端部(图7中为右端)的外表面上设有波浪状凹槽36。凹槽36中缠有碳纤维和玻璃纤维复合材料。Further, a wavy groove 36 is provided on the outer surface of the end portion (the right end in Fig. 7) of the bonded joint which is connected to the sucker rod main body. The groove 36 is wrapped with a carbon fiber and glass fiber composite.
<其他构造><Other construction>
尽管上文中出于简明的目的而没有提及以下构造，但本领域的技 术人员可以理解的是，本发明所涉及的所有需要旋紧的部件都在适当的部位设置有适于利用卡扳手等工具进行旋紧操作的方形面，这些方形面符合美国石油协会制定的API标准。Although the following constructions are not mentioned above for the sake of brevity, techniques in the art It will be understood by the skilled person that all the components to be screwed in the present invention are provided with a square surface suitable for the screwing operation using a tool such as a wrench, which conforms to the API developed by the American Petroleum Institute. standard.
本发明所涉及的部件的螺纹方向可以根据实际需要来选择左旋式螺纹和/或右旋式螺纹，以便于现场安装操作。The thread direction of the components involved in the present invention may be selected from left-handed threads and/or right-handed threads according to actual needs to facilitate field installation operations.
本发明的抽油杆主体还可以包括通信线路(例如，通信电缆或光纤)，用以实现抽油杆段与油井的压力传感器或温度传感器等之间的通信、抽油杆段之间的通信、以及抽油杆与外部信息处理装置之间的通信。The sucker rod body of the present invention may further comprise a communication line (for example, a communication cable or an optical fiber) for realizing communication between the sucker rod section and the pressure sensor or temperature sensor of the oil well, and communication between the sucker rod segments. And communication between the sucker rod and the external information processing device.
本发明的电伴热抽油杆中的电热电缆与电源供电线路通过防爆接线盒相连。The electric heating cable in the electric heat tracing rod of the present invention is connected to the power supply line through an explosion-proof junction box.
本发明的电伴热抽油杆由交流或直流等电源供电。The electric heat tracing sucker rod of the present invention is powered by a power source such as an alternating current or a direct current.
本发明的流体伴热抽油杆中的金属管与外部管线通过连接件相连。The metal tube in the fluid-heated sucker rod of the present invention is connected to the external line through a connecting member.
此外，本发明的抽油杆的心部的形状可以根据实际需要来灵活地选择，例如，可以选择圆形、椭圆形、扁圆形或八方形等，如图8所示。Further, the shape of the core portion of the sucker rod of the present invention can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, and for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, an oblate shape, or an octagonal shape can be selected as shown in FIG.
<抽油杆主体的制造方法><Method of Manufacturing Sucker Rod Body>
抽油杆主体的制造方法主要包括以下步骤：The manufacturing method of the sucker rod main body mainly includes the following steps:
首先，使用优质碳纤维纱和耐高温树脂为原料，采用缠绕拉挤工艺技术制造。将碳纤维纱、从纱架引出，穿过导纱架进入烘干箱烘干后进入胶槽浸胶，并经预成型后成为心部11；然后，使用缠绕机将无碱玻璃纤维或无碱玻璃纤维毡包覆心部11形成防护层12，进入模具加温固化，再经后固化后收卷。拉拔机构使用往复式液压牵引机构。拉挤工艺是制造纤维增强复合材料的常用工艺之一，例如，可以参考《新型碳纤维抽油杆的研制》(陈厚等，化工科技，2001，9(2)：pp13-15)。First, high-quality carbon fiber yarns and high-temperature resistant resins are used as raw materials, and they are manufactured by winding and pultrusion technology. The carbon fiber yarn is taken out from the creel, passed through the guide frame and dried in the drying box, and then enters the glue tank dipping, and is pre-formed to become the core portion 11; then, using the winding machine to make the alkali-free glass fiber or alkali-free The glass fiber felt is coated with the core portion 11 to form a protective layer 12, which is heated and solidified in the mold, and then solidified and then wound up. The drawing mechanism uses a reciprocating hydraulic traction mechanism. The pultrusion process is one of the common processes for fabricating fiber reinforced composite materials. For example, reference can be made to the development of a novel carbon fiber sucker rod (Chen Hou et al., Chemical Technology, 2001, 9(2): pp13-15).
当制造电伴热抽油杆时，使用优质碳纤维纱和耐高温树脂为原料，采用缠绕拉挤工艺技术制造。将碳纤维纱、从纱架引出，穿过导纱架进入烘干箱烘干后进入胶槽浸胶，经预成型后成为心部11；然后，将金属管铠装电热电缆13与心部11并排同步进入缠绕机，将无碱玻璃 纤维或无碱玻璃纤维毡包覆心部11和金属管铠装电热电缆13而形成防护层12，进入模具加温固化，再经后固化后收卷。拉拔机构使用往复式液压牵引机构。When manufacturing the electric heating sucker rod, high-quality carbon fiber yarn and high temperature resistant resin are used as raw materials, and the winding pultrusion process technology is used. The carbon fiber yarn is taken out from the creel, passed through the guide frame and dried in the drying box, and then enters the glue tank dipping, and after being preformed, becomes the core portion 11; then, the metal tube is sheathed to the electric heating cable 13 and the core portion 11 Simultaneously entering the winding machine side by side, the alkali-free glass will be The fiber or alkali-free glass fiber felt covers the core portion 11 and the metal tube armored electric heating cable 13 to form a protective layer 12, which is heated and solidified in the mold, and then re-cured and then wound up. The drawing mechanism uses a reciprocating hydraulic traction mechanism.
当制造流体伴热和稀释(若需稀释)的抽油杆时，使用优质碳纤维纱和耐高温树脂为原料，采用缠绕拉挤工艺技术制造。将碳纤维纱、从纱架引出，穿过导纱架进入烘干箱烘干后进入胶槽浸胶，经预成型后成为心部11；然后，将金属管14与心部11并排同步进入缠绕机，用无碱玻璃纤维或无碱玻璃纤维毡包覆心部11和金属管14而形成防护层12，进入模具加温固化，再经后固化后收卷。拉拔机构使用往复式液压牵引机构。When manufacturing fluid-heated and diluted (if diluted) sucker rods, high-quality carbon fiber yarns and high-temperature resistant resins are used as raw materials, which are manufactured by the winding and pultrusion process technology. The carbon fiber yarn is taken out from the creel, passed through the guide frame and dried in the drying box, and then enters the glue tank dipping, and after being preformed, becomes the core portion 11; then, the metal tube 14 and the core portion 11 are simultaneously entangled in the winding. The machine 11 is coated with an alkali-free glass fiber or an alkali-free glass fiber felt to form a protective layer 12, which is heated and solidified in a mold, and then re-cured after winding. The drawing mechanism uses a reciprocating hydraulic traction mechanism.
根据上述方法制成的抽油杆，每段(根)抽油杆的连续长度可达几米、几十米、几百米或几千米以上，明显比钢质抽油杆段长。同时，根据上述方法制成的抽油杆的盘绕弯曲半径可以小于1.5米，这表明本发明的抽油杆的柔韧性明显地好于传统的钢质抽油杆。正是基于上述原因，本发明的抽油杆被称为“连续柔性抽油杆”。According to the above method, the continuous length of each (root) sucker rod can be several meters, several tens of meters, several hundred meters or several kilometers, which is obviously longer than the steel sucker rod section. At the same time, the coil bending radius of the sucker rod made according to the above method can be less than 1.5 meters, which indicates that the sucker rod of the present invention is significantly more flexible than the conventional steel sucker rod. It is for the above reasons that the sucker rod of the present invention is referred to as a "continuous flexible sucker rod."
<工业实用性><Industrial Applicability>
本发明的抽油杆具有如下优点：The sucker rod of the present invention has the following advantages:
1.具有高比模量、高比强度。具体地说，本发明的抽油杆的抗拉强度可达1800兆帕，是传统的钢质抽油杆的2倍以上；另外，本发明的抽油杆的千米质量为200千克至1000千克，相当于相同长度的钢质抽油杆杆重量的1/20至1/4。当用于深井或超深井采油时，可以容易地实施大泵深抽技术。因此，在方便经济地提高石油开采效率和油田采收率的同时，实现了节能降耗，安全环保。1. Has a high specific modulus, high specific strength. Specifically, the sucker rod of the present invention has a tensile strength of up to 1800 MPa, which is more than twice that of a conventional steel sucker rod; in addition, the sucker rod of the present invention has a mass of 200 kg to 1000. Kilograms, equivalent to 1/20 to 1/4 of the weight of the steel rods of the same length. When used in deep or ultra-deep well production, large pump deep pumping techniques can be easily implemented. Therefore, while facilitating economical improvement of oil production efficiency and oil recovery, energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved, and safety and environmental protection are achieved.
2.心部的横截面形状为圆形等，比现有的带状抽油杆的机械力学性能更优越。2. The cross-sectional shape of the core is circular, etc., which is superior to the mechanical properties of the existing strip sucker rod.
3.抗疲劳性能好。经100赫兹、26-80千牛交变载荷、107次的疲劳实验后，剩余强度仍有90％(而在同样测试条件下，钢质抽油杆的剩余强度仅为30％至40％)。因此，可以延长设备的使用寿命，减少作业时间和次数，提高抽油机井的运转时率，增加产油量。3. Good anti-fatigue performance. After 100 Hz, 26-80 kN alternating load, 107 7 fatigue tests, the remaining strength is still 90% (and under the same test conditions, the residual strength of the steel sucker rod is only 30% to 40% ). Therefore, it is possible to extend the service life of the equipment, reduce the operation time and number of times, increase the operating time of the pumping well, and increase the oil production.
4.耐腐蚀性强。可以在酸、碱和硫化氢等腐蚀性环境中长期使用。 4. Strong corrosion resistance. It can be used for a long time in corrosive environments such as acid, alkali and hydrogen sulfide.
5.柔韧性好，最小盘绕半径可达1.5米。因此，便于运输及安装时的起下作业。5. Good flexibility, the minimum coiling radius can reach 1.5 meters. Therefore, it is easy to carry out the transportation and installation work.
6.在与其他部件连接时只需连接抽油杆两端的两个接头，因而使连接更加简单牢靠，操作更容易，能够减少作业量。6. When connecting with other components, it is only necessary to connect the two joints at both ends of the sucker rod, thus making the connection simpler and more reliable, and the operation is easier, which can reduce the amount of work.
7.具备电加热功能，适用于稠油开采。7. With electric heating function, suitable for heavy oil mining.
8.抽油杆的横截面积小，仅为传统的钢质抽油杆的横截面积的1/5。因此，可以减小液体的流动阻力和抽油杆的运动阻力，从而可以降低能耗。8. The cross-sectional area of the sucker rod is small, only 1/5 of the cross-sectional area of the conventional steel sucker rod. Therefore, the flow resistance of the liquid and the movement resistance of the sucker rod can be reduced, so that the energy consumption can be reduced.
9.碳纤维杆体由高耐磨性材料包覆，因而可以延长设备的使用寿命，减少油井作业量和费用，增加产油量。9. The carbon fiber rod body is covered by high wear-resistant material, which can prolong the service life of the equipment, reduce the operation volume and cost of the oil well, and increase the oil production.
10.具有多功能，可方便实现电半热、流体伴热、稀释(若需稀释)、通讯功能。10. With multi-function, it can easily realize electric semi-heat, fluid heating, dilution (if dilution), communication function.
11.绿色环保，废旧抽油杆可以回收再利用。11. Green and environmentally friendly, the old sucker rod can be recycled and reused.
<实例><example>
本发明的连续柔性抽油杆在低***效率井试验13口，在产量增高需换大泵油井试验1口，超深井3口，斜井4口。The continuous flexible sucker rod of the invention tests 13 ports in a low system efficiency well, and requires 1 large pump well test, 3 ultra deep wells and 4 inclined wells in the production increase.
在低***效率葡170-06井试验中，该井泵深1143米，试验前消耗功率为4.856千瓦，日耗电量为116.5千瓦时。试验后消耗功率3.078千瓦，日耗电量为73.8千瓦时，节能36.6％，***效率提高2.85个百分点。试验前抽油杆偏磨严重；试验510天后，于2013年11月经作业起出，抽油杆表面光滑，有效地减轻了杆管偏磨，然后继续下井使用，迄今已使用1300多天。In the low system efficiency Portuguese 170-06 well test, the well pump depth is 1,143 meters, the power consumption before the test is 4.856 kW, and the daily power consumption is 116.5 kWh. After the test, the power consumption was 3.078 kW, the daily power consumption was 73.8 kWh, the energy saving was 36.6%, and the system efficiency was increased by 2.85 percentage points. Before the test, the sucker rod was severely eccentric. After 510 days of testing, it was started in November 2013. The surface of the sucker rod was smooth, which effectively reduced the eccentric wear of the rod tube, and then continued to use the well. It has been used for more than 1,300 days.
在低***效率葡扶172-492井试验中，该井泵深1491米，使用Φ19毫米连续柔性抽油杆1100米，连续柔性抽油杆下方连接Φ22毫米钢质抽油杆676.84米。试验后经两次110摄氏度高温化清热洗，***均运行正常。试验后，上电流由试验前的29安下降到9安，有功功率由6.266千瓦下降到3.057千瓦，节电率达到51.21％；另外，***效率由试验前的3.08％提高到6.41％，提高了3.33％。2014年6月该井由于测静压关井反生蜡卡，经300多千牛拉拔解卡后，仍在使用，体现出较高的抗拉强度和耐疲劳强度，目前已正常运行1200多天。 In the low system efficiency Portugal 172-492 well test, the well pump depth is 1491 meters, using Φ19 mm continuous flexible sucker rod 1100 meters, and Φ22 mm steel sucker rod 676.84 meters below the continuous flexible sucker rod. After the test, the system was running normally after two times of high temperature and heat washing at 110 degrees Celsius. After the test, the upper current dropped from 29 amps before the test to 9 amps, the active power decreased from 6.266 kW to 3.057 kW, and the power saving rate reached 51.21%. In addition, the system efficiency increased from 3.08% before the test to 6.41%, which improved. 3.33%. In June 2014, the well was still in use after measuring the static pressure shut-off wax card after more than 300 kilograms of pull-out card, which showed high tensile strength and fatigue strength. It has been running normally 1200. Days.
在高产液需换机换泵井葡57-斜942井上试验中，该井井斜27度。抽油机为6型机，泵深1183米。实验前使用常规钢质抽油杆时，杆管磨损严重。为提高产油量，井泵径由Φ57毫米调整到Φ70毫米。如果使用传统的钢质抽油杆，则该井的理论载荷将达到70.59千牛，需更换大泵后更换大型抽油机。在试验过程中，使用Φ19毫米连续柔性抽油杆800米，下部连接Φ22毫米钢质抽油杆383米。试验后，测得悬点最大载荷仅为53.88千牛，比理论载荷低16.71千牛，悬点最大载荷比使用钢质抽油杆降低了24％。在使用连续柔性抽油杆后，实现了小机型带动Φ70毫米抽油泵，从而节省了一次性大型抽油机成本投入。为了有效地控制油井沉没度，2014年7月10日对该试验井进行换大泵措施，起出井下管柱后发现Φ19毫米连续柔性抽油杆表面光滑，无磨损现象，钢质抽油杆下部Φ22毫米HY级抽油杆第9根接箍处磨脱，油管磨漏。与同一井中使用的钢质抽油杆相比，连续柔性抽油杆表现出了较强的耐磨性和抗拉强度。为了配合Φ83毫米抽油泵，该井设计使用Φ19毫米连续柔性抽油杆800米，下部连接Φ25毫米钢质抽油杆300米，设计泵深1100米，运行参数冲程3.5米，冲刺4次/分，使用后测试悬点载荷为57.73千牛。创造了1100井深的泵挂，沉没度200米，地面使用5型机，配井下Φ83毫米抽油泵的世界水平。目前，该井已正常运行1200多天。In the test of the high-yield liquid to be replaced by the pump well 65- oblique 942, the well was inclined at 27 degrees. The pumping unit is a 6-type machine with a pump depth of 1,183 meters. When the conventional steel sucker rod was used before the experiment, the rod tube was seriously worn. In order to increase the oil production, the well pump diameter is adjusted from Φ57 mm to Φ70 mm. If a traditional steel sucker rod is used, the theoretical load of the well will reach 70.59 kN, and the large pumping unit should be replaced after the large pump is replaced. During the test, a Φ19 mm continuous flexible sucker rod was used for 800 m, and the lower part was connected with a Φ22 mm steel sucker rod for 383 m. After the test, the maximum load of the suspended point was measured to be only 53.88 kN, which was 16.71 kN lower than the theoretical load. The maximum load at the suspension point was reduced by 24% compared with the steel sucker rod. After the use of the continuous flexible sucker rod, the small model drives the Φ70 mm pump, which saves the cost of the one-time large pumping unit. In order to effectively control the degree of oil well sinking, on July 10, 2014, the test well was replaced with a large pump. After the downhole string was taken out, the surface of the Φ19 mm continuous flexible sucker rod was found to be smooth and wear-free, and the steel sucker rod The Φ22 mm HY-class sucker rod is grounded at the 9th coupling and the tubing is worn out. Compared to steel sucker rods used in the same well, continuous flexible sucker rods exhibit strong wear resistance and tensile strength. In order to cooperate with Φ83mm oil pump, the well design uses 800m of continuous Φ19mm flexible rod, 300m of Φ25mm steel sucker rod at the lower part, designed pump depth of 1100m, running parameter stroke of 3.5m, sprint 4 times/min. After use, the test suspension load was 57.73 kN. Created a pumping depth of 1100 well, sinking 200 meters, the ground uses a type 5 machine, with the world level of Φ83 mm pump under the well. At present, the well has been in normal operation for more than 1200 days.
<经济效益分析><economic benefit analysis>
项目投入费用：2口试验井所使用连续柔性抽油杆及其配套工具共花费人民币16万元。Project input cost: The continuous flexible sucker rod and its supporting tools used in the two test wells cost RMB 160,000.
根据在***效率较低的葡扶172-492井上的应用情况，单井日节电77.02千瓦时，预计年可节电28112.3千瓦时。以电费0.6381元/千瓦时计算，年可节约电费1.8万元；节约Φ19毫米钢质抽油杆1100米的费用2.7万元；节省扶正器的费用1.5万元。合计效益6万元。According to the application situation of the Portuguese 172-492 well in the system efficiency, the single well saves 77.02 kWh per day, and it is estimated that the annual electricity saving will be 28112.3 kWh. Calculated by electricity cost 0.6381 yuan / kWh, the annual electricity cost can be saved 18,000 yuan; the cost of saving 1100 meters of Φ19mm steel sucker rod is 27,000 yuan; the cost of saving the centralizer is 15,000 yuan. The total benefit is 60,000 yuan.
根据在高产液需换机换泵的葡57-斜942井上的应用情况，与全厂平均水平相比，单井日节电112.4千瓦时，预计年节电41023千瓦时。以电费0.6381元/千瓦时计算，年节约电费2.6万元。另外，可节约更换大型抽油机成本14.4万元，节约Φ22毫米钢质抽油杆800米费用3.0 万元；节省扶正器1.5万元。换大泵后，该井日增油1.2吨，以Φ70毫米抽油泵的保修期为280天计算，预计可累积增油336吨，可创经济效益121万元。合计效益143万元。According to the application of the high-yield liquid pump-changing pump, the 57-axis 942 well, compared with the average of the whole plant, the single-chamber daily electricity saving is 112.4 kWh, and the annual energy saving is expected to be 41023 kWh. Calculated at an electricity cost of 0.6381 yuan / kWh, the annual electricity cost is 26,000 yuan. In addition, it can save the cost of replacing large pumping units by 144,000 yuan, saving Φ22 mm steel sucker rod 800 meters cost 3.0 Ten thousand yuan; save the centralizer 15,000 yuan. After changing the pump, the well will increase the oil by 1.2 tons per day. The warranty period of the Φ70 mm pump is 280 days. It is estimated that the accumulated oil can be increased by 336 tons, which can create an economic benefit of 1.21 million yuan. The total benefit is 1.43 million yuan.
根据在喇7-P261井上的应用情况，该井采出液浓度为428毫克/升。从2012年12月至试验起始日之前，由于杆管偏磨，致使钢质抽油杆断脱检泵3次，平均检泵周期213天，杆管偏磨比较严重。为了客观评价连续柔性抽油杆试验效果，设计使用Φ25毫米金属抽油杆250米作为加重杆。为了防止加重杆磨损，在与之匹配的管柱段采用了内喷涂油管。加重杆部分不布置扶正器，而使用双向保护接箍。该试验井于5月16日成功投产，对比试验前后功图，交变载荷下降7千牛，比试验前下降了20％，比该井的平均检泵周期超出500天。According to the application on the La 7-P261 well, the well produced fluid concentration was 428 mg / liter. From December 2012 to the start of the test, due to the eccentric wear of the rod tube, the steel sucker rod was broken and the pump was cut off three times. The average pumping period was 213 days, and the rod tube was more severely eccentric. In order to objectively evaluate the test results of the continuous flexible sucker rod, a Φ25 mm metal sucker rod was designed to be used as a weighting rod. In order to prevent the weighted rod from being worn, an inner spray pipe is used in the matching pipe section. The weighting rod portion is not provided with a centralizer, but a two-way protective coupling is used. The test well was successfully put into operation on May 16th. Before and after the test, the alternating load dropped by 7 kN, which was 20% lower than before the test, and exceeded the average pumping cycle of the well for 500 days.
以上出于示例和说明的目的描述了本发明的多个示例性实施例。然而，对本领域的技术人员而言，许多修改和变型是显而易见的。选择并描述上述实施例只是为了便于本领域的技术人员理解本发明的原理及其实际应用，而不意图将本发明的范围限制为上述具体实施例。可以理解的是，本发明的范围由权利要求书及其等同内容限定。本领域技术人员也知道，说明书特别是发明内容部分公开的本发明的每一项技术特征都可以随意搭配和组合。 The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above for purposes of illustration and description. However, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments described above were chosen and described only to facilitate the understanding of the principles of the invention and the application thereof, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. It is also known to those skilled in the art that each of the technical features of the present invention disclosed in the specification, particularly in the Summary of the Invention, can be arbitrarily matched and combined.

Claims (33)

  1. 一种抽油***，包括抽油杆主体(1)和接头(2)，所述抽油杆主体包括心部(11)和包围所述心部的防护层(12)，所述接头(2)设置在所述抽油杆主体(1)的端部，其特征在于，An oil pumping system comprising a sucker rod body (1) and a joint (2), the sucker rod body comprising a core portion (11) and a protective layer (12) surrounding the core portion, the joint (2) Provided at an end of the sucker rod body (1), characterized in that
    所述心部(11)由树脂基碳纤维复合材料构成；并且The core portion (11) is composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material;
    所述接头为机械锁定式接头或粘接式接头，所述机械锁定式接头通过机械锁定的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连，而所述粘接式接头通过粘接的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连。The joint is a mechanical locking joint or a bonded joint, the mechanical locking joint is connected to the sucker rod body by mechanical locking, and the bonded joint is bonded and the pumping The body of the oil rod is connected.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述抽油杆主体包括通信线路。The sucker rod body includes a communication line.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述防护层由树脂基绝缘纤维增强复合材料构成，并用作电绝缘层。The protective layer is composed of a resin-based insulating fiber reinforced composite material and serves as an electrically insulating layer.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述心部用作电热转换体。The core is used as an electrothermal converter.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述机械锁定式接头包括：The mechanical locking joint includes:
    内套筒(25)，所述内套筒包围并夹持所述抽油杆主体的端部，并且所述内套筒的外周面具有锥度；An inner sleeve (25), the inner sleeve surrounds and clamps an end of the sucker rod body, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve has a taper;
    顶杆(21)，其端面抵靠所述内套筒的端面；以及a jack (21) having an end surface abutting an end surface of the inner sleeve;
    外套筒(24)，所述外套筒的第一端的内周面具有与所述内套筒(25)的外周面相同的锥度，以便与所述内套筒的外周面卡合，并且所述外套筒的第二端利用内螺纹与所述顶杆(21)相连。An outer sleeve (24) having an inner peripheral surface of the first end of the outer sleeve having the same taper as the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve (25) to engage with the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve, And the second end of the outer sleeve is connected to the jack (21) by an internal thread.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的抽油***，其中， The oil pumping system according to claim 5, wherein
    在所述机械锁定式接头与所述抽油杆主体完成连接后，所述内套筒(25)的第一端从所述外套筒(24)的第一端的出口伸出。A first end of the inner sleeve (25) extends from an outlet of the first end of the outer sleeve (24) after the mechanically locking joint is engaged with the sucker rod body.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 5, wherein
    所述机械锁定式接头还包括：The mechanical locking joint further includes:
    锁紧螺母(22)，其设置在所述外套筒与所述顶杆之间；以及a lock nut (22) disposed between the outer sleeve and the jack; and
    紧定螺钉(23)，其用于在所述锁紧螺母锁紧之后锁紧所述锁紧螺母。A set screw (23) for locking the lock nut after the lock nut is locked.
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 5, wherein
    所述抽油***是具有电伴热功能的抽油杆或具有流体伴热和稀释功能的抽油杆，在所述顶杆(21)的轴向中心部位设有与所述抽油杆主体的横截面相同形状的孔，以使所述抽油杆主体穿过。The oil pumping system is a sucker rod having an electric heat tracing function or a sucker rod having a fluid heating and dilution function, and the sucker rod body is provided at an axial center portion of the jack (21) A hole of the same shape in cross section to pass the sucker rod body.
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 5, wherein
    从所述内套筒的两端开始分别设置至少一条缝隙(251、252)，所述缝隙沿所述内套筒的长度方向延伸并贯穿所述内套筒的一部分。At least one slit (251, 252) is provided from both ends of the inner sleeve, the slit extending along a length of the inner sleeve and penetrating a portion of the inner sleeve.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 9, wherein
    从所述内套筒的外径较大的一端开始，沿圆周方向设置四条第一缝隙(251)，所述第一缝隙中相邻的两条第一缝隙都隔开90度圆心角；Starting from the end of the inner sleeve having a larger outer diameter, four first slits (251) are disposed along the circumferential direction, and the adjacent two first slits in the first slit are separated by a 90 degree central angle;
    从所述内套筒的外径较小的一端开始，沿圆周方向设置两条第二缝隙(252)，所述两条第二缝隙彼此隔开180度圆心角；Starting from an end of the inner sleeve having a smaller outer diameter, two second slits (252) are disposed along the circumferential direction, the two second slits being separated from each other by a central angle of 180 degrees;
    所述两条第二缝隙中的一条第二缝隙与所述四条第一缝隙中的一条第一缝隙隔开45度圆心角；并且a second slit of the two second slits is separated from a first slit of the four first slits by a central angle of 45 degrees; and
    所述第一缝隙的长度小于所述第二缝隙的长度。The length of the first slit is smaller than the length of the second slit.
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述粘接式接头包括： The bonded joint includes:
    接头主体(34)，其包围所述抽油杆主体的端部；以及a joint body (34) that surrounds an end of the sucker rod body;
    粘合剂，其涂布在所述接头主体的内周面与所述抽油杆主体的外周面之间。An adhesive is applied between an inner circumferential surface of the joint main body and an outer circumferential surface of the sucker rod main body.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 11, wherein
    所述接头主体的内周面采用有锥度的台阶式结构(35)。The inner peripheral surface of the joint main body adopts a tapered stepped structure (35).
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述粘接式接头的与所述抽油杆主体连接的端部的外表面上设有波浪状凹槽(36)，所述凹槽中缠有碳纤维和玻璃纤维复合材料。An outer surface of the end of the bonded joint that is coupled to the sucker rod body is provided with a wavy groove (36) in which a carbon fiber and a glass fiber composite material are wrapped.
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 11, wherein
    所述粘合剂中含有短切碳纤维纱。The binder contains chopped carbon fiber yarns.
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述抽油杆主体的长度为1米以上。The length of the sucker rod body is 1 meter or more.
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    构成所述心部的材料包括碳纤维、热固型或热塑型树脂、固化剂和脱模剂。Materials constituting the core include carbon fibers, thermosetting or thermoplastic resins, curing agents, and mold release agents.
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 16, wherein
    热固型树脂是环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯树脂、乙烯基脂树脂和不饱和树脂中的最少其中一种。The thermosetting resin is at least one of an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a vinyl grease resin, and an unsaturated resin.
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 16, wherein
    热塑型树脂是尼龙、聚酰亚胺和氟塑料中的最少其中一种。The thermoplastic resin is at least one of nylon, polyimide, and fluoroplastic.
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述防护层(12)由树脂基纤维增强复合材料或金属合金材料制 成。The protective layer (12) is made of a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material or a metal alloy material. to make.
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述防护层(12)和所述心部(11)的基体树脂可以相同，也可以不同。The base resin of the protective layer (12) and the core portion (11) may be the same or different.
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 1, wherein
    所述心部的横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、扁圆形或八方形。The cross-sectional shape of the core is circular, elliptical, oblate or octagonal.
  22. 根据权利要求8所述的抽油***，其中，The oil pumping system according to claim 8, wherein
    具有电伴热功能的抽油杆包括金属管铠装电热电缆(13)；并且A sucker rod having an electric heat tracing function includes a metal tube armored electric heating cable (13);
    具有流体伴热和稀释功能的抽油杆包括金属管(14)。A sucker rod having a fluid heat tracing and dilution function includes a metal tube (14).
  23. 一种抽油杆接头(2)，其设置在抽油杆主体的端部，所述抽油杆主体具有由树脂基碳纤维复合材料构成的心部(11)以及包围所述心部的防护层(12)，其特征在于，A sucker rod joint (2) is provided at an end of a sucker rod main body having a core portion (11) composed of a resin-based carbon fiber composite material and a protective layer surrounding the core portion (12), characterized in that
    所述抽油杆接头为机械锁定式接头或粘接式接头，所述机械锁定式接头通过机械锁定的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连，而所述粘接式接头通过粘接的方式与所述抽油杆主体相连。The sucker rod joint is a mechanical locking joint or a bonded joint, and the mechanical locking joint is connected to the sucker rod body by mechanical locking, and the bonded joint is bonded and The sucker rod bodies are connected.
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 23, wherein
    所述机械锁定式接头包括：The mechanical locking joint includes:
    内套筒(25)，所述内套筒包围并夹持所述抽油杆主体的端部，并且所述内套筒的外周面具有锥度；An inner sleeve (25), the inner sleeve surrounds and clamps an end of the sucker rod body, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve has a taper;
    顶杆(21)，其端面抵靠所述内套筒的端面；以及a jack (21) having an end surface abutting an end surface of the inner sleeve;
    外套筒(24)，所述外套筒的第一端的内周面具有与所述内套筒(25)的外周面相同的锥度，以便与所述内套筒的外周面卡合，并且所述外套筒的第二端利用内螺纹与所述顶杆(21)相连。An outer sleeve (24) having an inner peripheral surface of the first end of the outer sleeve having the same taper as the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve (25) to engage with the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve, And the second end of the outer sleeve is connected to the jack (21) by an internal thread.
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中， A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 24, wherein
    在所述机械锁定式接头与所述抽油杆主体完成连接后，所述内套筒(25)的第一端从所述外套筒(24)的第一端的出口伸出。A first end of the inner sleeve (25) extends from an outlet of the first end of the outer sleeve (24) after the mechanically locking joint is engaged with the sucker rod body.
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 24, wherein
    所述机械锁定式接头还包括：The mechanical locking joint further includes:
    锁紧螺母(22)，其设置在所述外套筒与所述顶杆之间；以及a lock nut (22) disposed between the outer sleeve and the jack; and
    紧定螺钉(23)，其用于在所述锁紧螺母锁紧之后锁紧所述锁紧螺母。A set screw (23) for locking the lock nut after the lock nut is locked.
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 24, wherein
    在所述顶杆(21)的轴向中心部位设有与所述抽油杆主体的横截面相同形状的孔，以使所述抽油杆主体穿过。A hole having the same shape as that of the cross section of the sucker rod body is provided at an axial center portion of the jack (21) to pass the sucker rod main body.
  28. 根据权利要求24所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 24, wherein
    从所述内套筒的两端开始分别设置至少一条缝隙(251、252)，所述缝隙沿所述内套筒的长度方向延伸并贯穿所述内套筒的一部分。At least one slit (251, 252) is provided from both ends of the inner sleeve, the slit extending along a length of the inner sleeve and penetrating a portion of the inner sleeve.
  29. 根据权利要求24所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 24, wherein
    从所述内套筒的外径较大的一端开始，沿圆周方向设置四条第一缝隙(251)，所述第一缝隙中相邻的两条第一缝隙都隔开90度圆心角；Starting from the end of the inner sleeve having a larger outer diameter, four first slits (251) are disposed along the circumferential direction, and the adjacent two first slits in the first slit are separated by a 90 degree central angle;
    从所述内套筒的外径较小的一端开始，沿圆周方向设置两条第二缝隙(252)，所述两条第二缝隙彼此隔开180度圆心角；Starting from an end of the inner sleeve having a smaller outer diameter, two second slits (252) are disposed along the circumferential direction, the two second slits being separated from each other by a central angle of 180 degrees;
    所述两条第二缝隙中的一条第二缝隙与所述四条第一缝隙中的一条第一缝隙隔开45度圆心角；并且a second slit of the two second slits is separated from a first slit of the four first slits by a central angle of 45 degrees; and
    所述第一缝隙的长度小于所述第二缝隙的长度。The length of the first slit is smaller than the length of the second slit.
  30. 根据权利要求23所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 23, wherein
    所述粘接式接头包括：The bonded joint includes:
    接头主体(34)，其包围所述抽油杆主体的端部；以及 a joint body (34) that surrounds an end of the sucker rod body;
    粘合剂，其涂布在所述接头主体的内周面与所述抽油杆主体的外周面之间。An adhesive is applied between an inner circumferential surface of the joint main body and an outer circumferential surface of the sucker rod main body.
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 30, wherein
    所述接头主体的内周面采用有锥度的台阶式结构(35)。The inner peripheral surface of the joint main body adopts a tapered stepped structure (35).
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 30, wherein
    所述粘接式接头的与所述抽油杆主体连接的端部的外表面上设有波浪状凹槽(36)，所述凹槽中缠有碳纤维和玻璃纤维复合材料。An outer surface of the end of the bonded joint that is coupled to the sucker rod body is provided with a wavy groove (36) in which a carbon fiber and a glass fiber composite material are wrapped.
  33. 根据权利要求30所述的抽油杆接头(2)，其中，A sucker rod joint (2) according to claim 30, wherein
    所述粘合剂中含有短切碳纤维纱。 The binder contains chopped carbon fiber yarns.
PCT/CN2017/080886 2016-04-25 2017-04-18 Oil extraction system WO2017186021A1 (en)

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CN109488219A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-03-19 胜利油田新大管业科技发展有限责任公司 Multilayered structure corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant composite continuous sucker rod and preparation process
CN109779612A (en) * 2017-11-14 2019-05-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of carbon beam hoisting system underground pump dynagraoph test device and method
CN109798075A (en) * 2019-02-10 2019-05-24 北京工商大学 A kind of endurance multilayered structure steel oil pumping polish rod and its processing technology

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CN113090198A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-07-09 大庆市汇成科技开发有限公司 Metal armoured fibre reinforced composite continuous sucker rod
CN115260000A (en) * 2022-08-11 2022-11-01 山东亿科化学有限责任公司 Methanol pretreatment method applied to polyphenyl ether monomer synthesis raw material

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CN109779612A (en) * 2017-11-14 2019-05-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of carbon beam hoisting system underground pump dynagraoph test device and method
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CN109488219A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-03-19 胜利油田新大管业科技发展有限责任公司 Multilayered structure corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant composite continuous sucker rod and preparation process
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