WO2017185860A1 - 一种基于金属后壳的天线及终端 - Google Patents

一种基于金属后壳的天线及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017185860A1
WO2017185860A1 PCT/CN2017/074093 CN2017074093W WO2017185860A1 WO 2017185860 A1 WO2017185860 A1 WO 2017185860A1 CN 2017074093 W CN2017074093 W CN 2017074093W WO 2017185860 A1 WO2017185860 A1 WO 2017185860A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency band
metal
antenna
frequency
matching network
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/074093
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈龙
张昌顺
李鹏鹏
Original Assignee
努比亚技术有限公司
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Application filed by 努比亚技术有限公司 filed Critical 努比亚技术有限公司
Publication of WO2017185860A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017185860A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H01Q1/244—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas extendable from a housing along a given path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a terminal based on a metal back shell.
  • the performance of the antenna can be achieved by slotting the metal back shell, but the slotting affects the appearance too much.
  • the three-stage all-metal back shell has become the trend of smart phone design, and the proportion of the upper and lower metal parts is more. It has become the focus of the mobile phone manufacturers, but in terms of the popular mobile phone models on the market, the upper and lower sections of the metal are still too wide, and the width is usually between 5mm and 15mm, resulting in obvious non-conductive plastic areas at the broken joints.
  • the appearance of the phone is affected the appearance of the phone.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna and a terminal based on a metal back shell, which can reduce the width of the metal radiating element occupying the metal back shell, and make the metal back shell of the terminal. Close to the all-metal integrated design.
  • one end of the metal back shell is provided with a slit, the gap separating the metal back shell into a bottom metal frame and a back metal plate, wherein the bottom metal frame serves as an antenna radiating unit, the back Metal plate as ground;
  • a feed matching network and a feed point the feed matching network being fed into the antenna radiating element via the feed point.
  • the antenna further includes:
  • a switching element that connects the antenna radiating element and the back metal plate.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in a connected state, operates in the first frequency band and the second frequency band by adjusting circuit parameters of the matching network, and the frequency of the first frequency band is higher than The frequency of the second frequency band.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in a connected state, operates in the first frequency band and the second frequency band by adjusting an inductance parameter of the matching network.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in an off state, operates in a third frequency band by adjusting a circuit parameter of the matching network, and the frequency of the third frequency band is lower than the first frequency band.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in an off state, operates in the third frequency band by adjusting a capacitance parameter of the matching network.
  • the area occupied by the gap is a non-conductive area.
  • the non-conductive area is a plastic area.
  • connection between the non-conductive area and the bottom metal frame is curved.
  • the antenna radiating unit is configured to receive a radio frequency signal and/or transmit a radio frequency signal.
  • the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an antenna based on a metal back shell; wherein the antenna includes:
  • the first end of the metal back shell is provided with a slit, the gap separating the metal back shell into a bottom metal frame and a back metal plate, wherein the bottom metal frame serves as an antenna radiating unit Said back metal plate as ground;
  • a feed matching network and a feed point the feed matching network being fed into the antenna radiating element via the feed point.
  • the antenna further includes:
  • a switching element that connects the antenna radiating element and the back metal plate.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in a connected state, operates in the first frequency band and the second frequency band by adjusting circuit parameters of the matching network, and the frequency of the first frequency band is higher than The frequency of the second frequency band.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in a connected state, operates in the first frequency band and the second frequency band by adjusting an inductance parameter of the matching network.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in an off state, operates in a third frequency band by adjusting a circuit parameter of the matching network, and the frequency of the third frequency band is lower than the first frequency band.
  • the antenna radiating unit when the switching element is in an off state, operates in the third frequency band by adjusting a capacitance parameter of the matching network.
  • the area occupied by the gap is a non-conductive area.
  • the non-conductive area is a plastic area.
  • connection between the non-conductive area and the bottom metal frame is curved.
  • the antenna radiating unit is configured to receive a radio frequency signal and/or transmit a radio frequency signal.
  • the antenna based on the metal back shell includes: a metal back shell, and one end of the metal back shell is provided with a slit, and the gap separates the metal back shell into a bottom metal frame and a back metal a board, wherein the bottom metal frame functions as an antenna radiating unit, the back metal plate serves as a ground; a grounding member, the grounding member is coupled to the back metal plate; a feed matching network and a feeding point, the feeding A matching network is fed into the antenna radiating element via the feed point.
  • the gap of the embodiment of the invention is very close to the bottom end of the metal frame, so that the common three-stage design is very close to the all-metal integrated design; the antenna area is smaller, the proportion of the clearance area is reduced, and the screen ratio is greatly increased.
  • the visual experience is better; the back metal plate accounts for up to 95%, the metal feels excellent, the thermal conductivity is superior; the metal body is ultra-thin.
  • the antenna of the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure and is integrated with the rear case to facilitate processing and production.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of an optional mobile terminal embodying various embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system of the mobile terminal shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna based on a metal back shell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • module A mobile terminal embodying various embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • suffixes such as “module,” “component,” or “unit” used to denote an element are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and do not have a specific meaning per se. Therefore, “module” and “component” can be used in combination.
  • the mobile terminal can be implemented in various forms.
  • the terminal described in the embodiment of the present invention may include, for example, mobile phones, smart phones, notebook computers, digital broadcast receivers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet computers (PADs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigation devices, etc.
  • Mobile terminals and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, and the like.
  • the terminal is a mobile terminal.
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • PADs tablet computers
  • PMPs portable multimedia players
  • navigation devices etc.
  • Mobile terminals and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, and the like.
  • the terminal is a mobile terminal.
  • those skilled in the art will appreciate that configurations in accordance with embodiments of the present invention can be applied to fixed type terminals in addition to components that are specifically for mobile purposes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the hardware structure of a mobile terminal embodying various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal 100 may include a wireless communication unit 110, an audio/video (A/V) input unit 120, a user input unit 130, a sensing unit 140, an output unit 150, a memory 160, an interface unit 170, a controller 180, and a power supply unit 190. and many more.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a mobile terminal having various components, but it should be understood that not all illustrated components are required to be implemented. More or fewer components can be implemented instead. The elements of the mobile terminal will be described in detail below.
  • Wireless communication unit 110 typically includes one or more components that permit radio communication between mobile terminal 100 and a wireless communication system or network.
  • the wireless communication unit may include at least one of a broadcast receiving module 111, a mobile communication module 112, a wireless internet module 113, a short-range communication module 114, and a location information module 115.
  • the broadcast receiving module 111 receives a broadcast signal and/or broadcast associated information from an external broadcast management server via a broadcast channel.
  • the broadcast channel can include a satellite channel and/or a terrestrial channel.
  • the broadcast management server may be a server that generates and transmits a broadcast signal and/or broadcast associated information or a server that receives a previously generated broadcast signal and/or broadcast associated information and transmits it to the terminal.
  • the broadcast signal may include a TV broadcast signal, a radio broadcast signal, a data broadcast signal, and the like.
  • the broadcast signal may further include a broadcast signal combined with a TV or radio broadcast signal.
  • the broadcast associated information may also be provided via a mobile communication network, and in this case, the broadcast associated information may be received by the mobile communication module 112.
  • the broadcast signal may exist in various forms, for example, it may be an electronic festival of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB).
  • DMB Digital Multimedia Broadcasting
  • the EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • ESG Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld
  • the broadcast receiving module 111 can receive a signal broadcast by using various types of broadcast systems.
  • the broadcast receiving module 111 can be used by using, for example, Multimedia Broadcast Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DMB-T), Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Satellite (DMB-S, Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Satellite), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) -H), a digital broadcast system such as a data broadcast system of Media Forward Link Only (MediaFLO, Media Forward Link Only), Integrated Broadcast Digital Broadcasting (ISDB-T), or the like receives digital broadcast.
  • the broadcast receiving module 111 can be constructed as various broadcast systems suitable for providing broadcast signals as well as the above-described digital broadcast system.
  • the broadcast signal and/or broadcast associated information received via the broadcast receiving module 111 may be stored in the memory 160 (or other type of storage medium).
  • the mobile communication module 112 transmits the radio signals to and/or receives radio signals from at least one of a base station (e.g., an access point, a Node B, etc.), an external terminal, and a server.
  • a base station e.g., an access point, a Node B, etc.
  • Such radio signals may include voice call signals, video call signals, or various types of data transmitted and/or received in accordance with text and/or multimedia messages.
  • the wireless internet module 113 supports wireless internet access of the mobile terminal.
  • the module can be internally or externally coupled to the terminal.
  • the wireless Internet access technologies involved in the module may include Wi-Fi (WLAN, Wireless Local Area Networks), Wireless Broadband (Wibro), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wimax), and High Speed Downlink Packet Access. (HSDPA, High Speed Downlink Packet Access) and so on.
  • the short range communication module 114 is a module for supporting short range communication.
  • Some examples of short-range communication technologies include Bluetooth, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Infrared Data Association (IrDA), Ultra Wideband (UWB), Zigbee, and the like.
  • the location information module 115 is a module for checking or acquiring location information of the mobile terminal.
  • a typical example of a location information module is the Global Positioning System (GPS).
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the GPS module 115 calculates distance information and accurate time information from three or more satellites and applies triangulation to the calculated information to accurately calculate three-dimensional current position information based on longitude, latitude, and altitude.
  • the method for calculating position and time information uses three satellites and corrects the calculated position and time information errors by using another satellite.
  • the GPS module 115 is capable of calculating speed information by continuously calculating current position information in real time.
  • the A/V input unit 120 is for receiving an audio or video signal.
  • the A/V input unit 120 may include a camera 121 and a microphone 122 that processes image data of still pictures or video obtained by the image capturing device in a video capturing mode or an image capturing mode.
  • the processed image frame can be displayed on the display unit 151.
  • the image frames processed by the camera 121 may be stored in the memory 160 (or other storage medium) or transmitted via the wireless communication unit 110, and two or more cameras 121 may be provided according to the configuration of the mobile terminal.
  • the microphone 122 can receive sound (audio data) via a microphone in an operation mode of a telephone call mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, and the like, and can process such sound as audio data.
  • the processed audio (voice) data can be converted to a format output that can be transmitted to the mobile communication base station via the mobile communication module 112 in the case of a telephone call mode.
  • the microphone 122 can implement various types of noise cancellation (or suppression) algorithms to cancel (or suppress) noise or interference generated during the process of receiving and transmitting audio signals.
  • the user input unit 130 may generate key input data according to a command input by the user to control various operations of the mobile terminal.
  • the user input unit 130 allows the user to input various types of information, and may include a keyboard, a pot, a touch pad (eg, a touch sensitive component that detects changes in resistance, pressure, capacitance, etc. due to contact), a scroll wheel , rocker, etc.
  • a touch screen can be formed.
  • the interface unit 170 serves as an interface through which at least one external device can connect with the mobile terminal 100.
  • the external device may include a wired or wireless headset port, an external power (or battery charger) port, a wired or wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device having an identification module, and an audio input/output. (I/O) port, video I/O port, headphone port, and more.
  • the identification module may be stored to verify various information used by the user using the mobile terminal 100 and may include a User Identification Module (UIM), a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), and a Universal Customer Identification Module (USIM, Universal). Subscriber Identity Module) and more.
  • UIM User Identification Module
  • SIM Subscriber Identity Module
  • USB Universal Customer Identification Module
  • the device having the identification module may take the form of a smart card, and thus the identification device may be connected to the mobile terminal 100 via a port or other connection device.
  • the interface unit 170 can be configured to receive input from an external device (eg, data information, power, etc.) and transmit the received input to one or more components within the mobile terminal 100 or can be used at the mobile terminal and external device Transfer data between.
  • the interface unit 170 may function as a path through which power is supplied from the base to the mobile terminal 100 or may be used as a transmission of various command signals allowing input from the base to the mobile terminal 100 The path to the terminal.
  • Various command signals or power input from the base can be used as signals for identifying whether the mobile terminal is accurately mounted on the base.
  • Output unit 150 is configured to provide an output signal (eg, an audio signal, a video signal, an alarm signal, a vibration signal, etc.) in a visual, audio, and/or tactile manner.
  • the output unit 150 may include a display unit 151, an audio output module 152, an alarm unit 153, and the like.
  • the display unit 151 can display information processed in the mobile terminal 100. For example, when the mobile terminal 100 is in a phone call mode, the display unit 151 can display a user interface (UI, User Interface) or a graphical user interface related to a call or other communication (eg, text messaging, multimedia file download, etc.) ( GUI, Graphical User Interface). When the mobile terminal 100 is in a video call mode or an image capturing mode, the display unit 151 may display the captured Images and/or received images, UI or GUI showing video or images and related functions, and the like.
  • UI User Interface
  • GUI Graphical User Interface
  • the display unit 151 can function as an input device and an output device.
  • the display unit 151 may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Thin Film Transistor (LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display, a flexible display, and a three-dimensional (3D) At least one of a display or the like.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • LCD Thin Film Transistor
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • 3D three-dimensional
  • Some of these displays may be configured to be transparent to allow a user to view from the outside, which may be referred to as a transparent display, and a typical transparent display may be, for example, a transparent organic light emitting diode (TOLED) display or the like.
  • TOLED transparent organic light emitting diode
  • the mobile terminal 100 may include two or more display units (or other display devices), for example, the mobile terminal may include an external display unit (not shown) and an internal display unit (not shown) .
  • the touch screen can be used to detect touch input pressure as well as touch input position and touch input area.
  • the audio output module 152 may convert audio data received by the wireless communication unit 110 or stored in the memory 160 when the mobile terminal is in a call signal receiving mode, a call mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, a broadcast receiving mode, and the like.
  • the audio signal is output as sound.
  • the audio output module 152 can provide audio output (eg, call signal reception sound, message reception sound, etc.) associated with a particular function performed by the mobile terminal 100.
  • the audio output module 152 can include a speaker, a buzzer, and the like.
  • the alarm unit 153 can provide an output to notify the mobile terminal 100 of the occurrence of an event. Typical events may include call reception, message reception, key signal input, touch input, and the like. In addition to audio or video output, the alert unit 153 can provide an output in a different manner to notify of the occurrence of an event. For example, the alarm unit 153 can provide an output in the form of vibrations, and when a call, message, or some other incoming communication is received, the alarm unit 153 can provide a tactile output (ie, vibration) to notify the user of it. By providing such a tactile output, the user can recognize each of the user's mobile phones even when they are in the user's pocket. The occurrence of an event. The alarm unit 153 can also provide an output of the notification event occurrence via the display unit 151 or the audio output module 152.
  • the memory 160 may store a software program or the like for processing and control operations performed by the controller 180, or may temporarily store data (for example, a phone book, a message, a still image, a video, etc.) that has been output or is to be output. Moreover, the memory 160 can store data regarding vibrations and audio signals of various manners that are output when a touch is applied to the touch screen.
  • the memory 160 may include at least one type of storage medium including a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card type memory (for example, SD or DX memory, etc.), a random access memory (RAM), and a static memory.
  • Random Access Memory SRAM
  • Read Only Memory ROM
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
  • PROM Programmable Read Only Memory
  • magnetic memory disk, optical disk, etc.
  • the mobile terminal 100 can cooperate with a network storage device that performs a storage function of the memory 160 through a network connection.
  • the controller 180 typically controls the overall operation of the mobile terminal. For example, the controller 180 performs the control and processing associated with voice calls, data communications, video calls, and the like.
  • the controller 180 may include a multimedia module 181 for reproducing (or playing back) multimedia data, which may be constructed within the controller 180 or may be configured to be separate from the controller 180.
  • the controller 180 may perform a pattern recognition process to recognize a handwriting input or a picture drawing input performed on the touch screen as a character or an image.
  • the power supply unit 190 receives external power or internal power under the control of the controller 180 and provides appropriate power required to operate the various components and components.
  • the various embodiments described herein can be implemented in a computer readable medium using, for example, computer software, hardware, or any combination thereof.
  • the embodiments described herein may be through the use of an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Implemented by at least one of a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, an electronic unit designed to perform the functions described herein, and in some cases, such an implementation may be implemented in controller 180 .
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSPD Digital Signal Processing Device
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • implementations such as procedures or functions may be implemented with separate software modules that permit the execution of at least one function or operation.
  • the software code can be implemented by a software application (or program) written in any suitable programming language, which can be stored in memory 160 and executed by controller 180
  • the mobile terminal has been described in terms of its function.
  • a slide type mobile terminal among various types of mobile terminals such as a folding type, a bar type, a swing type, a slide type mobile terminal, and the like will be described as an example. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to any type of mobile terminal, and is not limited to a slide type mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal 100 as shown in FIG. 1 may be configured to operate using a communication system such as a wired and wireless communication system and a satellite-based communication system that transmits data via frames or packets.
  • a communication system such as a wired and wireless communication system and a satellite-based communication system that transmits data via frames or packets.
  • a communication system in which a mobile terminal is operable according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.
  • Such communication systems may use different air interfaces and/or physical layers.
  • the air interface used by the communication system includes, for example, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and General Purpose Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA).
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA General Purpose Code Division Multiple Access
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • the following description relates to a CDMA communication system, but such teachings are equally applicable to other types of systems.
  • the CDMA wireless communication system may include a plurality of mobile terminals 100, a plurality of base stations (BS) 270, a base station controller (BSC) 275, and a mobile switching center (MSC) 280.
  • the MSC 280 is configured to interface with a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 290.
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
  • the MSC 280 is also configured to interface with a BSC 275 that can be coupled to the base station 270 via a backhaul line.
  • the backhaul line can be constructed in accordance with any of a number of well known interfaces including, for example, E1/T1, ATM, IP, PPP, Frame Relay, HDSL, ADSL, or xDSL. It will be appreciated that the system as shown in FIG. 2 can include multiple BSCs 275.
  • Each BS 270 can serve one or more partitions (or regions), with each partition covered by a multi-directional antenna or an antenna pointing in a particular direction radially away from the BS 270. Alternatively, each partition may be covered by two or more antennas for diversity reception. Each BS 270 can be configured to support multiple frequency allocations, and each frequency allocation has a particular frequency spectrum (eg, 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, etc.).
  • BS 270 may also be referred to as a Base Transceiver Subsystem (BTS) or other equivalent terminology.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Subsystem
  • the term "base station” can be used to generally refer to a single BSC 275 and at least one BS 270.
  • a base station can also be referred to as a "cell station.”
  • each partition of a particular BS 270 may be referred to as multiple cellular stations.
  • a broadcast transmitter (BT, Broadcast Transmitter) 295 transmits a broadcast signal to the mobile terminal 100 operating within the system.
  • a broadcast receiving module 111 as shown in FIG. 1 is provided at the mobile terminal 100 to receive a broadcast signal transmitted by the BT 295.
  • several satellites 300 are shown, for example, a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite 300 can be employed.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • a plurality of satellites 300 are depicted, but it is understood that useful positioning information can be obtained using any number of satellites.
  • the GPS module 115 as shown in Figure 1 is typically constructed to The satellite 300 cooperates to obtain the desired positioning information. Instead of GPS tracking technology or in addition to GPS tracking technology, other techniques that can track the location of the mobile terminal can be used. Additionally, at least one GPS satellite 300 can selectively or additionally process satellite DMB transmissions.
  • BS 270 receives reverse link signals from various mobile terminals 100.
  • Mobile terminal 100 typically participates in calls, messaging, and other types of communications.
  • Each reverse link signal received by a particular base station 270 is processed within a particular BS 270.
  • the obtained data is forwarded to the relevant BSC 275.
  • the BSC provides call resource allocation and coordinated mobility management functions including a soft handoff procedure between the BSs 270.
  • the BSC 275 also routes the received data to the MSC 280, which provides additional routing services for interfacing with the PSTN 290.
  • PSTN 290 interfaces with MSC 280, which forms an interface with BSC 275, and BSC 275 controls BS 270 accordingly to transmit forward link signals to mobile terminal 100.
  • the mobile communication module 112 of the wireless communication unit 110 in the mobile terminal accesses the mobile based on necessary data (including user identification information and authentication information) of the mobile communication network (such as 2G/3G/4G mobile communication network) built in the mobile terminal.
  • the communication network transmits mobile communication data (including uplink mobile communication data and downlink mobile communication data) for services such as web browsing and network multimedia playback of the mobile terminal user.
  • the wireless internet module 113 of the wireless communication unit 110 implements a function of a wireless hotspot by operating a related protocol function of a wireless hotspot, and the wireless hotspot supports access of a plurality of mobile terminals (any mobile terminal other than the mobile terminal) by multiplexing the mobile communication module.
  • the mobile communication connection between the mobile communication network and the mobile communication network transmits mobile communication data (including uplink mobile communication data and downlink mobile communication data) for the mobile terminal user's web browsing, network multimedia playback, etc., since the mobile terminal is substantially complex
  • the mobile communication data is transmitted by the mobile communication connection between the mobile terminal and the communication network. Therefore, the traffic of the mobile communication data consumed by the mobile terminal is included in the communication fee of the mobile terminal by the charging entity on the communication network side, thereby consuming the subscription of the mobile terminal.
  • the data traffic of mobile communication data included in the communication tariff included in the communication tariff.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna based on a metal back shell, including: a metal back shell, one end of the metal back shell is provided with a slit, and the gap separates the metal back shell into a bottom metal frame and a back metal plate
  • the bottom metal frame acts as an antenna radiating element
  • the back metal plate acts as a ground
  • the grounding element is connected to the back metal plate
  • the feed matching network and the feed point, the feed matching The network feeds the antenna radiating element through the feed point.
  • the gap of the embodiment of the invention is very close to the bottom end of the metal frame, so that the common three-stage design is very close to the all-metal integrated design; the antenna area is smaller, the proportion of the clearance area is reduced, and the screen ratio is greatly increased.
  • the antenna of the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure and is integrated with the rear shell to facilitate processing and production.
  • the antenna includes:
  • the metal back shell one end of the metal back shell is provided with a slit 31, the gap 31 separating the metal back shell into a bottom metal frame 32 and a back metal plate 33, wherein the bottom metal frame 32 is radiated as an antenna
  • the back metal plate 33 serves as a ground.
  • the metal back shell refers to the rear case of the terminal, and the rear case of the terminal is made of metal.
  • one side of the terminal having the display screen is referred to as the front side
  • the back side of the terminal is referred to as the back side
  • the back of the terminal is provided with the metal back shell.
  • the bottom metal frame 32 located at the bottom of the metal back shell is designed as an antenna radiating unit, and the antenna radiating unit functions to receive the radio frequency signal and/or transmit the radio frequency signal.
  • the bottom metal frame 32 occupies only the bottom of the metal back shell and has a very small footprint.
  • the bottom metal frame 32 is designed as shown in FIG. 3, wherein the bottom metal frame 32 has a thickness of 0.6 mm, a height of 5 mm, and an effective length of 86 mm.
  • the shape and size of the bottom metal frame 32 are not limited to the above description, and may be based on the product. Need to design.
  • a gap 31 is formed between the bottom metal frame 32 and the back metal plate 33, and the area occupied by the slit 31 is a non-conductive area.
  • the non-conductive region is a plastic region.
  • the bottom metal frame 32 and the back metal plate 33 are connected by a non-conductive region, and the non-conductive region has a width of 2 mm, and the connection between the non-conductive region and the bottom metal frame 32 adopts a curvature design, which further reduces the bottom metal frame 32 visually. width.
  • the shape and size of the non-conductive region are not limited to the above description, and may be designed according to the needs of the product.
  • the size of the back metal sheet 33 is 138 mm x 71 mm x 0.3 mm, wherein 138 mm represents the length, 71 mm represents the width, and 0.3 mm represents the thickness. From the back, the entire back metal plate 33 accounts for up to 95%, which is an excellent visual impact for the all-metal appearance.
  • the bottom metal frame is fully utilized as the antenna radiating unit, and the non-conductive area is moved to the bottom as much as possible, which visually makes the common three-stage design very close to the all-metal integrated design.
  • the metal back shell-based antenna of the embodiment of the invention can provide multiple communication modes and multiple communication frequency bands while satisfying the design requirements.
  • the communication mode includes seven types, and the communication frequency band includes eighteen frequency bands.
  • the switching of the switch can effectively achieve the coverage of the entire high, medium and low frequency bands, and the specific implementation method is as follows:
  • the antenna further includes:
  • grounding element 34 being connected to the back metal plate 33;
  • the feed matching network 35 and the feed point 36 are fed to the antenna radiating element via the feed point 36.
  • a switching element 37 that connects the antenna radiating unit and the back metal plate 33.
  • the antenna radiating unit When the switching element 37 is in a connected state, the antenna radiating unit operates in a first frequency band and a second frequency band by adjusting circuit parameters of the matching network, and the frequency of the first frequency band is higher than the second frequency band Frequency of.
  • the high and intermediate frequency coverage of the antenna can be achieved by adjusting the inductance parameter of the matching network.
  • the first frequency band refers to the high frequency band
  • the second frequency band refers to the intermediate frequency band.
  • the high and intermediate frequency bands include: DCS, PCS, WCDMAI, WCDMAII, TD-SCDMA A, TD-SCDMA F, LTE1, LTE3, LTE7, LTE38, LTE39, LTE40, LTE41.
  • the antenna radiating unit When the switching element 37 is in an off state, the antenna radiating unit operates in a third frequency band by adjusting circuit parameters of the matching network, the frequency of the third frequency band is lower than the first frequency band and the Second frequency band.
  • the low frequency bands include: CDMA BCO, GSM850, GSM900, WCDMAV, WCDMAVIII.
  • the gap of the embodiment of the invention is very close to the bottom end of the metal frame, so that the common three-stage design is very close to the all-metal integrated design; the antenna area is smaller, the proportion of the clearance area is reduced, and the screen ratio is greatly increased.
  • the visual experience is better; the back metal plate accounts for up to 95%, the metal feels excellent, the thermal conductivity is superior; the metal body is ultra-thin.
  • the antenna of the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure and is integrated with the rear shell to facilitate processing and production.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, and the terminal includes: an antenna based on a metal back shell; wherein the antenna includes:
  • the first end of the metal back shell is provided with a slit, the gap separating the metal back shell into a bottom metal frame and a back metal plate, wherein the bottom metal frame serves as an antenna radiating unit Said back metal plate as ground;
  • a feed matching network and a feed point the feed matching network being fed into the antenna radiating element via the feed point.
  • the antenna further includes:
  • a switching element that connects the antenna radiating element and the back metal plate.
  • the antenna radiating unit When the switching element is in a connected state, the antenna radiating unit operates in a first frequency band and a second frequency band by adjusting a circuit parameter of the matching network, wherein a frequency of the first frequency band is higher than a frequency of the second frequency band frequency.
  • the antenna radiating unit When the switching element is in an off state, the antenna radiating unit operates in a third frequency band by adjusting a circuit parameter of the matching network, and the frequency of the third frequency band is lower than the first frequency band and the first frequency band Second frequency band.
  • the area occupied by the gap is a non-conductive area.
  • the terminal of the embodiment of the invention has an antenna based on a metal back shell, and the gap is very close to the bottom end of the metal frame, so that the common three-stage design is very close to the all-metal integrated design; the antenna area is smaller, and the proportion of the clearance area is reduced.
  • the back metal plate accounts for up to 95%, the metal touch is excellent, the thermal conductivity is superior; the metal body is ultra-thin.
  • the antenna of the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure and is integrated with the rear shell to facilitate processing and production.
  • the gap is very close to the bottom end of the metal frame, so that the common three-stage design is very close to the all-metal integrated design; the antenna area is smaller, the clearance area ratio is reduced, and the screen is greatly increased. Proportion, visual experience is better; back metal plate accounts for up to 95%, metal touch Excellent feeling, excellent thermal conductivity; ultra-thin metal body.
  • the antenna of the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure and is integrated with the rear shell to facilitate processing and production.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于金属后壳的天线及终端，所述天线包括：金属后壳，所述金属后壳的一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。

Description

一种基于金属后壳的天线及终端 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及天线技术，尤其涉及一种基于金属后壳的天线及终端。
背景技术
随着***(4G，4th Generation)通讯技术的飞速发展，目前的移动终端也越来越多地支持4G网络，例如长期演进(LTE，Long Term Evolution)网络，这就需要天线具有较宽的带宽来满足用户的需求。另一方面，随着4G终端的进一步普及，手机同质化也越来越严重，人们对手机要求也越来越高，诸如：机身质感，用户上网体验等。为此，不少手机厂商推出了金属机型，其中全金属一体化手机因其美观、时尚备受消费者喜爱。全金属手机在提升手机质感、档次的同时，也因金属具有天然的信号屏蔽特性，降低了天线的性能，为了不影响用户的体验，同时满足4G标准，这也就给天线设计带来了巨大的挑战。
为了不影响天线的性能，通过金属后壳开槽能够实现天线性能，但开槽过多影响美观，目前三段式全金属后壳已经成为了智能手机设计的潮流，上下两段金属所占比例大小更是成了各手机厂商角力的焦点，但就目前市面上流行的手机款式来看，其上下段金属依然过宽，宽度通常在5mm到15mm之间，从而造成断缝处非导电塑料区域明显，严重影响了手机外观。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了一种基于金属后壳的天线及终端，能够降低天线辐射单元占据金属后壳的宽度，使终端的金属后壳 接近于全金属一体化设计。
本发明实施例提供的基于金属后壳的天线，所述天线包括：
金属后壳，所述金属后壳的一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；
接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；
馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。
本发明实施例中，所述天线还包括：
开关元件，所述开关元件连接所述天线辐射单元和所述背部金属板。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段，所述第一频段的频率高于所述第二频段的频率。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电感参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段，所述第三频段的频率低于所述第一频段和所述第二频段。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电容参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段。
本发明实施例中，所述缝隙所占的区域为非导电区域。
本发明实施例中，所述非导电区域为塑料区域。
本发明实施例中，所述非导电区域与所述底部金属框之间的连接处为弧形。
本发明实施例中，所述天线辐射单元用于接收射频信号和/或发送射频 信号。
本发明实施例提供的终端，包括：基于金属后壳的天线；其中，所述天线包括：
金属后壳，所述金属后壳的第一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；
接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；
馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。
本发明实施例中，所述天线还包括：
开关元件，所述开关元件连接所述天线辐射单元和所述背部金属板。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段，所述第一频段的频率高于所述第二频段的频率。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电感参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段，所述第三频段的频率低于所述第一频段和所述第二频段。
本发明实施例中，当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电容参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段。
本发明实施例中，所述缝隙所占的区域为非导电区域。
本发明实施例中，所述非导电区域为塑料区域。
本发明实施例中，所述非导电区域与所述底部金属框之间的连接处为弧形。
本发明实施例中，所述天线辐射单元用于接收射频信号和/或发送射频信号。
本发明实施例的技术方案中，基于金属后壳的天线包括：金属后壳，所述金属后壳的一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。本发明实施例的缝隙十分靠近金属框底端，使常见的三段式设计非常接近于全金属一体化设计；天线区域更小，减小了净空区占比，极大地增加了屏占比，视觉体验更好；背部金属板占比高达95％，金属触感极好，导热性能优越；金属机身超薄。此外，本发明实施例的天线结构简单，与后壳一体化设计，便于加工和生产。
附图说明
图1为实现本发明各个实施例的一个可选的移动终端的硬件结构示意图；
图2为如图1所示的移动终端的无线通信***示意图；
图3为本发明一具体实施方式下的基于金属后壳的天线示意图；
图4为本发明一具体实施方式下的终端的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图描述实现本发明各个实施例的移动终端。在后续的描述中，使用用于表示元件的诸如“模块”、“部件”或“单元”的后缀仅为了有利于本发明实施例的说明，其本身并没有特定的意义。因此，“模块”与“部件”可以混合地使用。
移动终端可以以各种形式来实施。例如，本发明实施例中描述的终端 可以包括诸如移动电话、智能电话、笔记本电脑、数字广播接收器、个人数字助理(PDA，Personal Digital Assistant)、平板电脑(PAD)、便携式多媒体播放器(PMP，Portable Media Player)、导航装置等等的移动终端以及诸如数字TV、台式计算机等等的固定终端。下面，假设终端是移动终端。然而，本领域技术人员将理解的是，除了特别用于移动目的的元件之外，根据本发明的实施方式的构造也能够应用于固定类型的终端。
图1为实现本发明各个实施例的移动终端的硬件结构示意。
移动终端100可以包括无线通信单元110、音频/视频(A/V)输入单元120、用户输入单元130、感测单元140、输出单元150、存储器160、接口单元170、控制器180和电源单元190等等。图1示出了具有各种组件的移动终端，但是应理解的是，并不要求实施所有示出的组件。可以替代地实施更多或更少的组件。将在下面详细描述移动终端的元件。
无线通信单元110通常包括一个或多个组件，其允许移动终端100与无线通信***或网络之间的无线电通信。例如，无线通信单元可以包括广播接收模块111、移动通信模块112、无线互联网模块113、短程通信模块114和位置信息模块115中的至少一个。
广播接收模块111经由广播信道从外部广播管理服务器接收广播信号和/或广播相关信息。广播信道可以包括卫星信道和/或地面信道。广播管理服务器可以是生成并发送广播信号和/或广播相关信息的服务器或者接收之前生成的广播信号和/或广播相关信息并且将其发送给终端的服务器。广播信号可以包括TV广播信号、无线电广播信号、数据广播信号等等。而且，广播信号可以进一步包括与TV或无线电广播信号组合的广播信号。广播相关信息也可以经由移动通信网络提供，并且在该情况下，广播相关信息可以由移动通信模块112来接收。广播信号可以以各种形式存在，例如，其可以以数字多媒体广播(DMB，Digital Multimedia Broadcasting)的电子节 目指南(EPG，Electronic Program Guide)、数字视频广播手持(DVB-H，Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld)的电子服务指南(ESG，Electronic Service Guide)等等的形式而存在。广播接收模块111可以通过使用各种类型的广播***接收信号广播。特别地，广播接收模块111可以通过使用诸如多媒体广播-地面(DMB-T，Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Terrestrial)、数字多媒体广播-卫星(DMB-S，Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Satellite)、数字视频广播手持(DVB-H)，前向链路媒体(MediaFLO，Media Forward Link Only)的数据广播***、地面数字广播综合服务(ISDB-T，Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial)等等的数字广播***接收数字广播。广播接收模块111可以被构造为适合提供广播信号的各种广播***以及上述数字广播***。经由广播接收模块111接收的广播信号和/或广播相关信息可以存储在存储器160(或者其它类型的存储介质)中。
移动通信模块112将无线电信号发送到基站(例如，接入点、节点B等等)、外部终端以及服务器中的至少一个和/或从其接收无线电信号。这样的无线电信号可以包括语音通话信号、视频通话信号、或者根据文本和/或多媒体消息发送和/或接收的各种类型的数据。
无线互联网模块113支持移动终端的无线互联网接入。该模块可以内部或外部地耦接到终端。该模块所涉及的无线互联网接入技术可以包括无线局域网络(Wi-Fi，WLAN，Wireless Local Area Networks)、无线宽带(Wibro)、全球微波互联接入(Wimax)、高速下行链路分组接入(HSDPA，High Speed Downlink Packet Access)等等。
短程通信模块114是用于支持短程通信的模块。短程通信技术的一些示例包括蓝牙、射频识别(RFID，Radio Frequency Identification)、红外数据协会(IrDA，Infrared Data Association)、超宽带(UWB，Ultra Wideband)、紫蜂等等。
位置信息模块115是用于检查或获取移动终端的位置信息的模块。位置信息模块的典型示例是全球定位***(GPS，Global Positioning System)。根据当前的技术，GPS模块115计算来自三个或更多卫星的距离信息和准确的时间信息并且对于计算的信息应用三角测量法，从而根据经度、纬度和高度准确地计算三维当前位置信息。当前，用于计算位置和时间信息的方法使用三颗卫星并且通过使用另外的一颗卫星校正计算出的位置和时间信息的误差。此外，GPS模块115能够通过实时地连续计算当前位置信息来计算速度信息。
A/V输入单元120用于接收音频或视频信号。A/V输入单元120可以包括相机121和麦克风122，相机121对在视频捕获模式或图像捕获模式中由图像捕获装置获得的静态图片或视频的图像数据进行处理。处理后的图像帧可以显示在显示单元151上。经相机121处理后的图像帧可以存储在存储器160(或其它存储介质)中或者经由无线通信单元110进行发送，可以根据移动终端的构造提供两个或更多相机121。麦克风122可以在电话通话模式、记录模式、语音识别模式等等运行模式中经由麦克风接收声音(音频数据)，并且能够将这样的声音处理为音频数据。处理后的音频(语音)数据可以在电话通话模式的情况下转换为可经由移动通信模块112发送到移动通信基站的格式输出。麦克风122可以实施各种类型的噪声消除(或抑制)算法以消除(或抑制)在接收和发送音频信号的过程中产生的噪声或者干扰。
用户输入单元130可以根据用户输入的命令生成键输入数据以控制移动终端的各种操作。用户输入单元130允许用户输入各种类型的信息，并且可以包括键盘、锅仔片、触摸板(例如，检测由于被接触而导致的电阻、压力、电容等等的变化的触敏组件)、滚轮、摇杆等等。特别地，当触摸板以层的形式叠加在显示单元151上时，可以形成触摸屏。
接口单元170用作至少一个外部装置与移动终端100连接可以通过的接口。例如，外部装置可以包括有线或无线头戴式耳机端口、外部电源(或电池充电器)端口、有线或无线数据端口、存储卡端口、用于连接具有识别模块的装置的端口、音频输入/输出(I/O)端口、视频I/O端口、耳机端口等等。识别模块可以是存储用于验证用户使用移动终端100的各种信息并且可以包括用户识别模块(UIM，User Identify Module)、客户识别模块(SIM，Subscriber Identity Module)、通用客户识别模块(USIM，Universal Subscriber Identity Module)等等。另外，具有识别模块的装置(下面称为"识别装置")可以采取智能卡的形式，因此，识别装置可以经由端口或其它连接装置与移动终端100连接。接口单元170可以用于接收来自外部装置的输入(例如，数据信息、电力等等)并且将接收到的输入传输到移动终端100内的一个或多个元件或者可以用于在移动终端和外部装置之间传输数据。
另外，当移动终端100与外部底座连接时，接口单元170可以用作允许通过其将电力从底座提供到移动终端100的路径或者可以用作允许从底座输入的各种命令信号通过其传输到移动终端的路径。从底座输入的各种命令信号或电力可以用作用于识别移动终端是否准确地安装在底座上的信号。输出单元150被构造为以视觉、音频和/或触觉方式提供输出信号(例如，音频信号、视频信号、警报信号、振动信号等等)。输出单元150可以包括显示单元151、音频输出模块152、警报单元153等等。
显示单元151可以显示在移动终端100中处理的信息。例如，当移动终端100处于电话通话模式时，显示单元151可以显示与通话或其它通信(例如，文本消息收发、多媒体文件下载等等)相关的用户界面(UI，User Interface)或图形用户界面(GUI，Graphical User Interface)。当移动终端100处于视频通话模式或者图像捕获模式时，显示单元151可以显示捕获的 图像和/或接收的图像、示出视频或图像以及相关功能的UI或GUI等等。
同时，当显示单元151和触摸板以层的形式彼此叠加以形成触摸屏时，显示单元151可以用作输入装置和输出装置。显示单元151可以包括液晶显示器(LCD，Liquid Crystal Display)、薄膜晶体管LCD(TFT-LCD，Thin Film Transistor-LCD)、有机发光二极管(OLED，Organic Light-Emitting Diode)显示器、柔性显示器、三维(3D)显示器等等中的至少一种。这些显示器中的一些可以被构造为透明状以允许用户从外部观看，这可以称为透明显示器，典型的透明显示器可以例如为透明有机发光二极管(TOLED)显示器等等。根据特定想要的实施方式，移动终端100可以包括两个或更多显示单元(或其它显示装置)，例如，移动终端可以包括外部显示单元(未示出)和内部显示单元(未示出)。触摸屏可用于检测触摸输入压力以及触摸输入位置和触摸输入面积。
音频输出模块152可以在移动终端处于呼叫信号接收模式、通话模式、记录模式、语音识别模式、广播接收模式等等模式下时，将无线通信单元110接收的或者在存储器160中存储的音频数据转换音频信号并且输出为声音。而且，音频输出模块152可以提供与移动终端100执行的特定功能相关的音频输出(例如，呼叫信号接收声音、消息接收声音等等)。音频输出模块152可以包括扬声器、蜂鸣器等等。
警报单元153可以提供输出以将事件的发生通知给移动终端100。典型的事件可以包括呼叫接收、消息接收、键信号输入、触摸输入等等。除了音频或视频输出之外，警报单元153可以以不同的方式提供输出以通知事件的发生。例如，警报单元153可以以振动的形式提供输出，当接收到呼叫、消息或一些其它进入通信(incoming communication)时，警报单元153可以提供触觉输出(即，振动)以将其通知给用户。通过提供这样的触觉输出，即使在用户的移动电话处于用户的口袋中时，用户也能够识别出各 种事件的发生。警报单元153也可以经由显示单元151或音频输出模块152提供通知事件的发生的输出。
存储器160可以存储由控制器180执行的处理和控制操作的软件程序等等，或者可以暂时地存储己经输出或将要输出的数据(例如，电话簿、消息、静态图像、视频等等)。而且，存储器160可以存储关于当触摸施加到触摸屏时输出的各种方式的振动和音频信号的数据。
存储器160可以包括至少一种类型的存储介质，所述存储介质包括闪存、硬盘、多媒体卡、卡型存储器(例如，SD或DX存储器等等)、随机访问存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、静态随机访问存储器(SRAM，Static Random Access Memory)、只读存储器(ROM，Read Only Memory)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM，Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)、可编程只读存储器(PROM，Programmable Read Only Memory)、磁性存储器、磁盘、光盘等等。而且，移动终端100可以与通过网络连接执行存储器160的存储功能的网络存储装置协作。
控制器180通常控制移动终端的总体操作。例如，控制器180执行与语音通话、数据通信、视频通话等等相关的控制和处理。另外，控制器180可以包括用于再现(或回放)多媒体数据的多媒体模块181，多媒体模块181可以构造在控制器180内，或者可以构造为与控制器180分离。控制器180可以执行模式识别处理，以将在触摸屏上执行的手写输入或者图片绘制输入识别为字符或图像。
电源单元190在控制器180的控制下接收外部电力或内部电力并且提供操作各元件和组件所需的适当的电力。
这里描述的各种实施方式可以以使用例如计算机软件、硬件或其任何组合的计算机可读介质来实施。对于硬件实施，这里描述的实施方式可以通过使用特定用途集成电路(ASIC，Application Specific Integrated Circuit)、 数字信号处理器(DSP，Digital Signal Processing)、数字信号处理装置(DSPD，Digital Signal Processing Device)、可编程逻辑装置(PLD，Programmable Logic Device)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array)、处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、被设计为执行这里描述的功能的电子单元中的至少一种来实施，在一些情况下，这样的实施方式可以在控制器180中实施。对于软件实施，诸如过程或功能的实施方式可以与允许执行至少一种功能或操作的单独的软件模块来实施。软件代码可以由以任何适当的编程语言编写的软件应用程序(或程序)来实施，软件代码可以存储在存储器160中并且由控制器180执行。
至此，己经按照其功能描述了移动终端。下面，为了简要起见，将描述诸如折叠型、直板型、摆动型、滑动型移动终端等等的各种类型的移动终端中的滑动型移动终端作为示例。因此，本发明能够应用于任何类型的移动终端，并且不限于滑动型移动终端。
如图1中所示的移动终端100可以被构造为利用经由帧或分组发送数据的诸如有线和无线通信***以及基于卫星的通信***来操作。
现在将参考图2描述其中根据本发明实施例的移动终端能够操作的通信***。
这样的通信***可以使用不同的空中接口和/或物理层。例如，由通信***使用的空中接口包括例如频分多址(FDMA，Frequency Division Multiple Access)、时分多址(TDMA，Time Division Multiple Access)、码分多址(CDMA，Code Division Multiple Access)和通用移动通信***(UMTS，Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)(特别地，长期演进(LTE，Long Term Evolution))、全球移动通信***(GSM)等等。作为非限制性示例，下面的描述涉及CDMA通信***，但是这样的教导同样适用于其它类型的***。
参考图2，CDMA无线通信***可以包括多个移动终端100、多个基站(BS，Base Station)270、基站控制器(BSC，Base Station Controller)275和移动交换中心(MSC，Mobile Switching Center)280。MSC280被构造为与公共电话交换网络(PSTN，Public Switched Telephone Network)290形成接口。MSC280还被构造为与可以经由回程线路耦接到基站270的BSC275形成接口。回程线路可以根据若干己知的接口中的任一种来构造，所述接口包括例如E1/T1、ATM、IP、PPP、帧中继、HDSL、ADSL或xDSL。将理解的是，如图2中所示的***可以包括多个BSC275。
每个BS 270可以服务一个或多个分区(或区域)，由多向天线或指向特定方向的天线覆盖的每个分区放射状地远离BS 270。或者，每个分区可以由用于分集接收的两个或更多天线覆盖。每个BS 270可以被构造为支持多个频率分配，并且每个频率分配具有特定频谱(例如，1.25MHz,5MHz等等)。
分区与频率分配的交叉可以被称为CDMA信道。BS 270也可以被称为基站收发器子***(BTS，Base Transceiver Station)或者其它等效术语。在这样的情况下，术语“基站”可以用于笼统地表示单个BSC275和至少一个BS 270。基站也可以被称为“蜂窝站”。或者，特定BS 270的各分区可以被称为多个蜂窝站。
如图2中所示，广播发射器(BT，Broadcast Transmitter)295将广播信号发送给在***内操作的移动终端100。如图1中所示的广播接收模块111被设置在移动终端100处以接收由BT295发送的广播信号。在图2中，示出了几个卫星300，例如可以采用全球定位***(GPS)卫星300。卫星300帮助定位多个移动终端100中的至少一个。
在图2中，描绘了多个卫星300，但是理解的是，可以利用任何数目的卫星获得有用的定位信息。如图1中所示的GPS模块115通常被构造为与 卫星300配合以获得想要的定位信息。替代GPS跟踪技术或者在GPS跟踪技术之外，可以使用可以跟踪移动终端的位置的其它技术。另外，至少一个GPS卫星300可以选择性地或者额外地处理卫星DMB传输。
作为无线通信***的一个典型操作，BS 270接收来自各种移动终端100的反向链路信号。移动终端100通常参与通话、消息收发和其它类型的通信。特定基站270接收的每个反向链路信号被在特定BS 270内进行处理。获得的数据被转发给相关的BSC275。BSC提供通话资源分配和包括BS 270之间的软切换过程的协调的移动管理功能。BSC275还将接收到的数据路由到MSC280，其提供用于与PSTN290形成接口的额外的路由服务。类似地，PSTN290与MSC280形成接口，MSC与BSC275形成接口，并且BSC275相应地控制BS 270以将正向链路信号发送到移动终端100。
移动终端中无线通信单元110的移动通信模块112基于移动终端内置的接入移动通信网络(如2G/3G/4G等移动通信网络)的必要数据(包括用户识别信息和鉴权信息)接入移动通信网络为移动终端用户的网页浏览、网络多媒体播放等业务传输移动通信数据(包括上行的移动通信数据和下行的移动通信数据)。
无线通信单元110的无线互联网模块113通过运行无线热点的相关协议功能而实现无线热点的功能，无线热点支持多个移动终端(移动终端之外的任意移动终端)接入，通过复用移动通信模块112与移动通信网络之间的移动通信连接为移动终端用户的网页浏览、网络多媒体播放等业务传输移动通信数据(包括上行的移动通信数据和下行的移动通信数据)，由于移动终端实质上是复用移动终端与通信网络之间的移动通信连接传输移动通信数据的，因此移动终端消耗的移动通信数据的流量由通信网络侧的计费实体计入移动终端的通信资费，从而消耗移动终端签约使用的通信资费中包括的移动通信数据的数据流量。
基于上述移动终端硬件结构以及通信***，提出本发明的各个实施例。
本发明实施例提供了一种基于金属后壳的天线包括：金属后壳，所述金属后壳的一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。本发明实施例的缝隙十分靠近金属框底端，使常见的三段式设计非常接近于全金属一体化设计；天线区域更小，减小了净空区占比，极大地增加了屏占比，视觉体验更好；背部金属板占比高达95％，金属触感极好，导热性能优越；金属机身超薄。此外，本发明实施例天线结构简单，与后壳一体化设计，便于加工和生产。
图3为本发明一具体实施方式下的基于金属后壳的天线，如图3所示，所述天线包括：
金属后壳，所述金属后壳的一端设置有缝隙31，所述缝隙31将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框32和背部金属板33，其中，所述底部金属框32作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板33作为地。
这里，金属后壳是指终端的后壳，并且终端的后壳采用金属材质。本发明实施例中，将终端具有显示屏的一面称为前面，将终端的背部称为后面，终端的后面具有金属后壳。
本发明实施例中，将位于金属后壳底部的底部金属框32设计为天线辐射单元，天线辐射单元的作用是接收射频信号和/或发送射频信号。底部金属框32仅仅占据金属后壳的底部，占据面积非常小。在一实施方式中，底部金属框32设计为如图3所示的形状，其中，底部金属框32的厚度为0.6mm、高度为5mm、有效长度为86mm。
底部金属框32的形状以及尺寸不局限于以上的描述，可以根据产品的 需要进行设计。
本发明实施例中，底部金属框32与背部金属板33之间是缝隙31，缝隙31所占的区域为非导电区域。在一实施方式中，非导电区域为塑料区域。通过非导电区域连接底部金属框32与背部金属板33，非导电区域的宽度为2mm，非导电区域与底部金属框32的连接采用了弧度设计，在视觉方面进一步减小了底部金属框32的宽度。
非导电区域的形状以及尺寸不局限于以上的描述，可以根据产品的需要进行设计。
在一实施方式中，背部金属板33的尺寸为138mm×71mm×0.3mm，其中，138mm代表长度，71mm代表宽度，0.3mm代表厚度。从背面看整个背部金属板33占比高达95％，能够很好地满足全金属外观的一体化视觉冲击。
本发明实施例的技术方案，充分利用底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，使非导电区域尽可能多的向底部移动，在视觉上使常见的三段式设计非常接近于全金属一体化设计。
本发明实施例的基于金属后壳的天线，在满足外观设计要求的同时，能够提供多种通信模式以及多种通信频段。其中，通信模式包括七种，通信频段包括十八个频段。通过采用可重构技术，利用开关的切换可有效实现整个高、中、低频段的覆盖，具体实现方法如下：
所述天线还包括：
接地元件34，所述接地元件34与所述背部金属板33连接；
馈电匹配网络35以及馈电点36，所述馈电匹配网络35经所述馈电点36馈入所述天线辐射单元。
开关元件37，所述开关元件37连接所述天线辐射单元和所述背部金属板33。
当所述开关元件37处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段，所述第一频段的频率高于所述第二频段的频率。
具体地，当开关元件37处于连接状态时，通过调节匹配网络的电感参数，可实现天线的高、中频的覆盖。这里，第一频段是指高频频段，第二频段是指中频频段。高、中频频段包括：DCS、PCS、WCDMAⅠ、WCDMAⅡ、TD-SCDMA A、TD-SCDMA F、LTE1、LTE3、LTE7、LTE38、LTE39、LTE40、LTE41。
当所述开关元件37处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段，所述第三频段的频率低于所述第一频段和所述第二频段。
具体地，当开关元件37处于断开状态时，只需改变匹配网络中的电容参数，便可实现由高、中频向低频的切换。低频频段包括：CDMA BCO、GSM850、GSM900、WCDMAⅤ、WCDMAⅧ。
本发明实施例的缝隙十分靠近金属框底端，使常见的三段式设计非常接近于全金属一体化设计；天线区域更小，减小了净空区占比，极大地增加了屏占比，视觉体验更好；背部金属板占比高达95％，金属触感极好，导热性能优越；金属机身超薄。此外，本发明实施例天线结构简单，与后壳一体化设计，便于加工和生产。
基于上述基于金属后壳的天线，本发明实施例还提供了一种终端，参照图4，所述终端包括：基于金属后壳的天线；其中，所述天线包括：
金属后壳，所述金属后壳的第一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；
接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；
馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。
所述天线还包括：
开关元件，所述开关元件连接所述天线辐射单元和所述背部金属板。
当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段，所述第一频段的频率高于所述第二频段的频率。
当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段，所述第三频段的频率低于所述第一频段和所述第二频段。
所述缝隙所占的区域为非导电区域。
本发明实施例终端具有基于金属后壳的天线，缝隙十分靠近金属框底端，使常见的三段式设计非常接近于全金属一体化设计；天线区域更小，减小了净空区占比，极大地增加了屏占比，视觉体验更好；背部金属板占比高达95％，金属触感极好，导热性能优越；金属机身超薄。此外，本发明实施例天线结构简单，与后壳一体化设计，便于加工和生产。
本发明实施例所记载的技术方案之间，在不冲突的情况下，可以任意组合。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本发明实施例的技术方案，缝隙十分靠近金属框底端，使常见的三段式设计非常接近于全金属一体化设计；天线区域更小，减小了净空区占比，极大地增加了屏占比，视觉体验更好；背部金属板占比高达95％，金属触 感极好，导热性能优越；金属机身超薄。此外，本发明实施例天线结构简单，与后壳一体化设计，便于加工和生产。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种基于金属后壳的天线，所述天线包括：
    金属后壳，所述金属后壳的一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；
    接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；
    馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，所述天线还包括：
    开关元件，所述开关元件连接所述天线辐射单元和所述背部金属板。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，
    当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段，所述第一频段的频率高于所述第二频段的频率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电感参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，
    当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段，所述第三频段的频率低于所述第一频段和所述第二频段。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电容参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，所述缝隙所占的区域为非导电区域。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，所述非导电区域为塑料区域。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，所述非导电区域与所述底部金属框之间的连接处为弧形。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的基于金属后壳的天线，其中，所述天线辐射单元用于接收射频信号和/或发送射频信号。
  11. 一种终端，所述终端包括：基于金属后壳的天线；其中，所述天线包括：
    金属后壳，所述金属后壳的第一端设置有缝隙，所述缝隙将所述金属后壳隔开为底部金属框和背部金属板，其中，所述底部金属框作为天线辐射单元，所述背部金属板作为地；
    接地元件，所述接地元件与所述背部金属板连接；
    馈电匹配网络以及馈电点，所述馈电匹配网络经所述馈电点馈入所述天线辐射单元。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的终端，其中，所述天线还包括：
    开关元件，所述开关元件连接所述天线辐射单元和所述背部金属板。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的终端，其中，
    当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段，所述第一频段的频率高于所述第二频段的频率。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的终端，其中，当所述开关元件处于连接状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电感参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第一频段和第二频段。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的终端，其中，
    当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电路参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段，所述第三频段的频率低于所述第一频段和所述第二频段。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的终端，其中，当所述开关元件处于断开状态时，通过调节所述匹配网络的电容参数使得所述天线辐射单元工作在第三频段。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的终端，其中，所述缝隙所占的区域为非导电区域。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的终端，其中，所述非导电区域为塑料区域。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的终端，其中，所述非导电区域与所述底部金属框之间的连接处为弧形。
  20. 根据权利要求11-19任一项所述的终端，其中，所述天线辐射单元用于接收射频信号和/或发送射频信号。
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