WO2017179826A1 - Fo detection method and device and system therefor - Google Patents

Fo detection method and device and system therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017179826A1
WO2017179826A1 PCT/KR2017/002888 KR2017002888W WO2017179826A1 WO 2017179826 A1 WO2017179826 A1 WO 2017179826A1 KR 2017002888 W KR2017002888 W KR 2017002888W WO 2017179826 A1 WO2017179826 A1 WO 2017179826A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
quality factor
wireless power
value
factor value
transmitter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2017/002888
Other languages
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박재희
권용일
Original Assignee
엘지이노텍(주)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020160067888A external-priority patent/KR20170118571A/en
Application filed by 엘지이노텍(주) filed Critical 엘지이노텍(주)
Priority to US16/093,783 priority Critical patent/US20190131826A1/en
Publication of WO2017179826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017179826A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless power transfer technology, and more particularly, to an FO detection method on a wireless charging system, and apparatus and system therefor.
  • Wireless power transmission or wireless energy transfer is a technology that transmits electrical energy wirelessly from a transmitter to a receiver using the principle of induction of magnetic field, which is already used by electric motors or transformers using the electromagnetic induction principle in the 1800s. Since then, there have been attempts to transmit electrical energy by radiating electromagnetic waves such as high frequency, microwaves, and lasers. Electric toothbrushes and some wireless razors that we commonly use are actually charged with the principle of electromagnetic induction.
  • energy transmission using wireless may be classified into magnetic induction, electromagnetic resonance, and RF transmission using short wavelength radio frequency.
  • the magnetic induction method uses the phenomenon that magnetic flux generated at this time causes electromotive force to other coils when two coils are adjacent to each other and current flows to one coil, and is rapidly commercialized in small devices such as mobile phones. Is going on. Magnetic induction is capable of transmitting power of up to several hundred kilowatts (kW) and has high efficiency, but the maximum transmission distance is less than 1 centimeter (cm).
  • the magnetic resonance method is characterized by using an electric or magnetic field instead of using electromagnetic waves or current. Since the magnetic resonance method is hardly affected by the electromagnetic wave problem, it has the advantage of being safe for other electronic devices or the human body. On the other hand, it can be utilized only in limited distances and spaces, and has a disadvantage in that energy transmission efficiency is rather low.
  • the short wavelength wireless power transmission scheme implies, the RF transmission scheme— takes advantage of the fact that energy can be transmitted and received directly in the form of RadioWave.
  • This technology is a wireless power transmission method of the RF method using a rectenna, a compound word of an antenna and a rectifier (rectifier) refers to a device that converts RF power directly into direct current power.
  • the RF method is a technology that converts AC radio waves to DC and uses them. Recently, research on commercialization has been actively conducted as efficiency is improved.
  • Wireless power transfer technology can be used in various industries, such as the mobile, IT, railroad and consumer electronics industries.
  • the FO may include a coin, a clip, a pin, a ballpoint pen, and the like.
  • the wireless charging efficiency is significantly lowered but also the temperature of the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter may rise together due to an increase in the ambient temperature of the FO. If the FO located in the charging area is not removed, not only power is wasted but also overheating may cause damage to the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver.
  • the present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and an apparatus and system therefor.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmitter for detecting an FO based on a second reference quality factor value received from a wireless power receiver.
  • the present invention can provide a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and apparatus and system therefor.
  • a method of detecting a foreign object (FO) in a wireless power transmitter receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and using a second reference quality factor value, Determining, measuring a current quality factor value, and detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value.
  • the second packet may further include a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state where the FO exists in the charging area.
  • the second packet may be received in a negotiation step.
  • the state of the wireless power transmitter may transition to the selection step.
  • the state of the wireless power transmitter may transition to the power transmission step.
  • a correction step of calculating a power loss between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter that transmitted the second packet may be performed before the transition to the power transmission step.
  • the threshold may be determined by further reflecting a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter in the second reference quality factor value.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value for correcting a measurement error of the quality factor value compared to the test wireless power transmitter.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value determined based on at least one of a power class of the wireless power transmitter, a characteristic of a transmission coil mounted on the wireless power transmitter, and an arrangement structure.
  • the FO when the FO is not detected, it may be controlled to start charging the wireless power receiver after transmitting an ACK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet.
  • the FO when the FO is detected, after transmitting the NAK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet, it may enter a selection step to block power transmission to the wireless power receiver.
  • the FO detection method may further include at least one of a receiver identifier, the second reference quality factor value, the threshold value, and the current quality factor value corresponding to the wireless power receiver that transmitted the second packet when the FO is not detected. It may further comprise the step of recording in the predetermined quality factor table.
  • the FO may be detected with reference to the quality factor table.
  • an apparatus for detecting a foreign object includes a communication unit for receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and a determination unit for determining a threshold using the second reference quality factor value. And a measuring unit measuring a current quality factor value and a detector detecting a FO based on the threshold value and the current quality factor value.
  • the second packet may further include a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state where the FO exists in the charging area.
  • the second packet may be received through in-band communication in the negotiation step.
  • the FO detection apparatus may further include a control unit for transitioning the state of the wireless power transmitter to a selection step when the FO is detected in the negotiation step.
  • the FO detecting apparatus when the FO is not detected in the negotiation step, transmits the second packet according to a control signal of the control unit and the control unit that transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter to the power transmission step.
  • the apparatus may further include a power transmitter configured to transmit wireless power to the receiver.
  • the FO detecting apparatus further includes a correction unit for calculating a power loss between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter that transmitted the second packet before the transition to the power transmission step, if the FO is not detected. can do.
  • the determiner may further determine the threshold value by further using a configuration factor preset for the wireless power transmitter.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value for correcting a measurement error of the quality factor value compared to the test wireless power transmitter.
  • the configuration factor may be a constant value determined based on at least one of a power class of the wireless power transmitter, a characteristic of a transmission coil mounted in the wireless power transmitter, and an arrangement structure.
  • an ACK message may be transmitted to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet through the communication unit, and charging of the wireless power receiver may be started.
  • the NAK message is transmitted to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet through the communication unit, and then enters a selection step to block power transmission to the wireless power receiver.
  • the FO detecting apparatus may further include a receiver identifier corresponding to the wireless power receiver transmitting the second packet, the second reference quality factor value, the threshold value, and the current quality factor value last measured in response to the wireless power receiver.
  • the memory device may further include a memory in which a predetermined quality factor table including at least one of the memory data is recorded.
  • the detector may detect the FO by referring to the quality factor table.
  • a computer-readable recording medium may be provided that records a program for executing any one of the FO detection methods.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and apparatus and system therefor.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing a wireless power transmitter for detecting the FO based on the second reference quality factor value received from the wireless power receiver.
  • the present invention provides an FO detection method and an apparatus and system therefor capable of preventing the FO from being detected by adaptively determining a threshold for FO detection in response to a configuration factor of the wireless power transmitter. There is this.
  • the present invention not only has an advantage of minimizing the FO detection error, but can also expect the effect of minimizing unnecessary power waste and equipment damage.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC standard.
  • 5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC (Qi) standard.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a packet format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the types of packets defined in the WPC (Qi) standard according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11A to 11D are diagrams for explaining a message structure of a FOD status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method of detecting a foreign object (FO) in a wireless power transmitter receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and using a second reference quality factor value, Determining, measuring a current quality factor value, and detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value.
  • the top (bottom) or the bottom (bottom) is the two components are in direct contact with each other or One or more other components are all included disposed between the two components.
  • up (up) or down (down) may include the meaning of the down direction as well as the up direction based on one component.
  • a device equipped with a function for transmitting wireless power on the wireless charging system is a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter for convenience of description.
  • a transmitter side, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, and the like will be used interchangeably.
  • a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a receiver terminal, a receiver, Receivers, receivers and the like can be used interchangeably.
  • the transmitter according to the present invention may be configured in a pad form, a cradle form, an access point (AP) form, a small base station form, a stand form, a ceiling buried form, a wall hanging form, and the like. You can also transfer power.
  • the transmitter may comprise at least one wireless power transmission means.
  • the wireless power transmission means may use various wireless power transmission standards based on an electromagnetic induction method that generates a magnetic field in the power transmitter coil and charges using the electromagnetic induction principle in which electricity is induced in the receiver coil under the influence of the magnetic field.
  • the wireless power transmission means may include a wireless charging technology of the electromagnetic induction method defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA) which is a wireless charging technology standard apparatus.
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • PMA Power Matters Alliance
  • the receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided with at least one wireless power receiving means, and may simultaneously receive wireless power from two or more transmitters.
  • the wireless power receiving means may include an electromagnetic induction wireless charging technology defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA), which are wireless charging technology standard organizations.
  • WPC Wireless Power Consortium
  • PMA Power Matters Alliance
  • the receiver according to the present invention is a mobile phone, smart phone, laptop computer, digital broadcasting terminal, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), PMP (Portable Multimedia Player), navigation, MP3 player, electric It may be used in a small electronic device such as a toothbrush, an electronic tag, a lighting device, a remote control, a fishing bobber, a wearable device such as a smart watch, but is not limited thereto. If the device is equipped with a wireless power receiver according to the present invention, the battery can be charged. It is enough.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a wireless charging system includes a wireless power transmitter 10 that largely transmits power wirelessly, a wireless power receiver 20 that receives the transmitted power, and an electronic device 20 that receives the received power. Can be configured.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may perform in-band communication for exchanging information using the same frequency band as the operating frequency used for wireless power transmission.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 perform out-of-band communication for exchanging information using a separate frequency band different from an operating frequency used for wireless power transmission. It can also be done.
  • the information exchanged between the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may include control information as well as status information of each other.
  • the status information and control information exchanged between the transmitting and receiving end will be more clear through the description of the embodiments to be described later.
  • the in-band communication and the out-of-band communication may provide bidirectional communication, but are not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the in-band communication and the out-of-band communication may provide one-way communication or half-duplex communication.
  • the unidirectional communication may be performed by the wireless power receiver 20 only transmitting information to the wireless power transmitter 10, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may transmit information to the wireless power receiver 20. It may be to transmit.
  • bidirectional communication between the wireless power receiver 20 and the wireless power transmitter 10 is possible, but at one time, only one device may transmit information.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may obtain various state information of the electronic device 30.
  • the state information of the electronic device 30 may include current power usage information, information for identifying a running application, CPU usage information, battery charge status information, battery output voltage / current information, and the like.
  • the information may be obtained from the electronic device 30 and may be utilized for wireless power control.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may transmit a predetermined packet indicating whether to support fast charging to the wireless power receiver 20.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may notify the electronic device 30 when it is determined that the connected wireless power transmitter 10 supports the fast charging mode.
  • the electronic device 30 may indicate that fast charging is possible through predetermined display means provided, for example, it may be a liquid crystal display.
  • the user of the electronic device 30 may control the wireless power transmitter 10 to operate in the fast charge mode by selecting a predetermined fast charge request button displayed on the liquid crystal display.
  • the electronic device 30 may transmit a predetermined quick charge request signal to the wireless power receiver 20.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may convert the normal low power charging mode into the fast charging mode by generating a charging mode packet corresponding to the received fast charging request signal to the wireless power transmitter 10.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may be configured with a plurality of wireless power receivers, and a plurality of wireless power receivers are connected to one wireless power transmitter 10 so that the wireless Charging may also be performed.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may distribute and transmit power to the plurality of wireless power receivers in a time division manner, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may distribute and transmit power to a plurality of wireless power receivers by using different frequency bands allocated for each wireless power receiver.
  • the number of wireless power receivers that can be connected to one wireless power transmitter 10 may include at least one of a required power amount for each wireless power receiver, a battery charge state, power consumption of an electronic device, and available power amount of the wireless power transmitter. Can be adaptively determined based on the
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 may be configured with a plurality of wireless power transmitters.
  • the wireless power receiver 20 may be connected to a plurality of wireless power transmitters at the same time, and may simultaneously receive power from the connected wireless power transmitters and perform charging.
  • the number of wireless power transmitters connected to the wireless power receiver 20 may be adaptively based on the required power of the wireless power receiver 20, the state of charge of the battery, the power consumption of the electronic device, and the available power of the wireless power transmitter. Can be determined.
  • FIG 3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter may be equipped with three transmitting coils 111, 112, and 113. Each transmission coil may overlap some other area with another transmission coil, and the wireless power transmitter may detect a predetermined detection signal 117, 127 for detecting the presence of the wireless power receiver through each transmission coil, for example, Digital ping signals are sent sequentially in a predefined order.
  • the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 117 through the primary detection signal transmission procedure illustrated in FIG. 110, and receives a signal strength indicator from the wireless power receiver 115.
  • the strength indicator 116 can identify the received transmission coils 111, 112.
  • the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 127 through the secondary detection signal transmission procedure shown in FIG. 120, and transmits power among the transmission coils 111 and 112 where the signal strength indicator 126 is received.
  • the reason why the wireless power transmitter performs two sensing signal transmission procedures is to more accurately identify which transmitting coil is well aligned with the receiving coil of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter Based on the signal strength indicator 126 received at each of the first transmitting coil 111 and the second transmitting coil 112 selects the best-aligned transmitting coil and performs wireless charging using the selected transmitting coil. .
  • FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC standard.
  • power transmission from a transmitter to a receiver according to the WPC standard is largely selected from a selection phase 410, a ping phase 420, an identification and configuration phase 430, It may be divided into a power transfer phase 440.
  • the selection step 410 may be a step of transitioning when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining the power transmission.
  • the transmitter may monitor whether an object exists on the interface surface. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to the ping step 420 (S401).
  • the transmitter transmits a very short pulse of an analog ping signal, and may detect whether an object exists in an active area of the interface surface based on a change in current of a transmitting coil.
  • ping step 420 when an object is detected, the transmitter activates the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the receiver is a receiver that is compliant with the WPC standard. If the transmitter does not receive a response signal (for example, a signal strength indicator) from the receiver in response to the digital ping in step 420, it may transition back to the selection step 410 (S402). In addition, in the ping step 420, when the transmitter receives a signal indicating that power transmission is completed, that is, a charging completion signal, from the receiver, the transmitter may transition to the selection step 410 (S403).
  • a response signal for example, a signal strength indicator
  • the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 for collecting receiver identification and receiver configuration and status information (S404).
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, a desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, a packet transmission error, or a power transmission contract. If this is not set (no power transfer contract) it may transition to the selection step (410) (S405).
  • the transmitter may transition to the power transmission step 240 for transmitting the wireless power (S406).
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, the desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, or a violation of a preset power transfer contract occurs. transfer contract violation), if the filling is completed, the transition to the selection step (410) (S407).
  • the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 (S408).
  • the power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
  • 5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC (Qi) standard.
  • power transmission from a transmitter to a receiver according to the WPC (Qi) standard is largely selected as a selection phase 510, a ping phase 520, an identification and configuration phase, and so on. 530, a negotiation phase 540, a calibration phase 550, a power transfer phase 560, and a renegotiation phase 560.
  • the selection step 510 may be a transition step, for example, S502, S504, S506, S509, S, when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining power transmission.
  • the transmitter may monitor whether an object exists on the interface surface. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to ping step 520. In the selection step 510, the transmitter transmits a very short pulse of an analog ping signal and an object in the active area of the interface surface based on the current change of the transmitting coil or the primary coil. Can detect the presence of
  • the transmitter activates the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the receiver is a receiver that is compliant with the WPC standard. If in ping step 520 the transmitter does not receive a response signal (eg, a signal strength packet) to the digital ping from the receiver, it may transition back to selection step 510. Further, in ping step 520, the transmitter may transition to selection step 510 when it receives a signal from the receiver indicating that power transmission is complete, i.e., a charge complete packet.
  • a response signal eg, a signal strength packet
  • the transmitter may transition to identification and configuration step 530 to identify the receiver and collect receiver configuration and status information.
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, a desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, a packet transmission error, or a power transmission contract. If this is not set (no power transfer contract) it may transition to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may determine whether entry into the negotiation step 540 is necessary based on a negotiation field value of the configuration packet received in the identification and configuration step 530.
  • the transmitter may enter a negotiation step 540 and perform a predetermined FOD detection procedure.
  • the transmitter may directly enter the power transmission step 560.
  • the transmitter may receive a Foreign Object Detection (FOD) status packet including a reference quality factor value.
  • FOD Foreign Object Detection
  • the transmitter may determine a threshold for FO detection based on the reference quality factor value.
  • the transmitter may detect whether the FO exists in the charging region by using the determined threshold value and the currently measured quality factor value, and may control power transmission in the FO detection result.
  • the transmitter may return to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may enter the power transmission step 560 via the correction step 550.
  • the transmitter determines the strength of the power received at the receiving end, and determines the power loss at the receiving end and the transmitting end to determine the strength of the power transmitted at the transmitting end. It can be measured. That is, the transmitter may predict the power loss based on the difference between the transmit power of the transmitter and the receive power of the receiver in the correction step 550.
  • the transmitter may correct the threshold for FOD detection by reflecting the predicted power loss.
  • the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, an outgoing desired packet for a predefined time, or a violation of a predetermined power transmission contract occurs. transfer contract violation), if the filling is complete, transition to selection step 510.
  • the transmitter may transition to renegotiation step 570 if it is necessary to reconfigure the power transmission contract according to a change in the transmitter state. At this time, if the renegotiation is normally completed, the transmitter may return to the power transmission step (560).
  • the power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may largely include a power converter 610, a power transmitter 620, a communication unit 630, a controller 640, and a sensor 650.
  • the configuration of the wireless power transmitter 600 is not necessarily an essential configuration, and may include more or fewer components.
  • the power converter 610 may perform a function of converting the power into power of a predetermined intensity.
  • the power converter 610 may include a DC / DC converter 611 and an amplifier 612.
  • the DC / DC converter 611 may perform a function of converting DC power supplied from the power supply unit 650 into DC power of a specific intensity according to a control signal of the controller 640.
  • the sensing unit 650 may measure the voltage / current of the DC-converted power and provide the same to the control unit 640. In addition, the sensing unit 650 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power transmitter 600 to determine whether overheating occurs, and provide the measurement result to the controller 640. For example, the controller 640 may adaptively block power supply from the power supply unit 650 or block power supply to the amplifier 612 based on the voltage / current value measured by the sensing unit 650. Can be. To this end, one side of the power converter 610 may be further provided with a predetermined power cut-off circuit for cutting off the power supplied from the power supply unit 650, or cut off the power supplied to the amplifier 612.
  • the amplifier 612 may adjust the intensity of the DC / DC converted power according to the control signal of the controller 640.
  • the controller 640 may receive power reception state information or (and) power control signal of the wireless power receiver through the communication unit 630, and may be based on the received power reception state information or (and) power control signal.
  • the amplification factor of the amplifier 612 can be dynamically adjusted.
  • the power reception state information may include, but is not limited to, strength information of the rectifier output voltage and strength information of a current applied to the receiving coil.
  • the power control signal may include a signal for requesting power increase, a signal for requesting power reduction, and the like.
  • the power transmitter 620 may include a multiplexer 621 (or a multiplexer) and a transmission coil 622.
  • the power transmitter 620 may further include a carrier generator (not shown) for generating a specific operating frequency for power transmission.
  • the carrier generator may generate a specific frequency for converting the output DC power of the amplifier 612 received through the multiplexer 621 into AC power having a specific frequency.
  • the AC signal generated by the carrier generator is mixed with the output terminal of the multiplexer 621 to generate AC power.
  • this is only one embodiment, and the other example is before the amplifier 612. Note that it may be mixed in stages or later.
  • the frequencies of AC power delivered to each transmitting coil in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention may be different.
  • the resonance frequency of each transmission coil may be set differently by using a predetermined frequency controller having a function of differently adjusting the LC resonance characteristics for each transmission coil.
  • the power transmitter 620 includes a multiplexer 621 and a plurality of transmit coils 622—that is, a first to control the output power of the amplifier 612 to be transmitted to the transmit coil. To n-th transmission coils.
  • the controller 640 may transmit power through time division multiplexing for each transmission coil.
  • three wireless power receivers i.e., the first to third wireless power receivers, are each identified through three different transmitting coils, i.e., the first to third transmitting coils.
  • the controller 640 may control the multiplexer 621 to control power to be transmitted to a specific transmission coil in a specific time slot.
  • the amount of power transmitted to the corresponding wireless power receiver may be controlled according to the length of the time slot allocated to each transmitting coil, but this is only one embodiment.
  • By controlling the amplification factor of the amplifier 612 of the wireless power receiver may be controlled to transmit power.
  • the controller 640 may control the multiplexer multiplexer 621 to sequentially transmit the sensing signals through the first to nth transmitting coils 622 during the first sensing signal transmission procedure. At this time, the control unit 640 may identify the time when the detection signal is transmitted using the timer 655. When the transmission signal transmission time arrives, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 to detect the detection signal through the corresponding transmission coil. Can be controlled to be sent. For example, the timer 650 may transmit a specific event signal to the controller 640 at a predetermined period during the ping transmission step. When the corresponding event signal is detected, the controller 640 controls the multiplexer 621 to transmit the specific event signal. The digital ping can be sent through the coil.
  • control unit 640 stores a predetermined transmission coil identifier and a corresponding transmission coil for identifying which transmission coil has received a signal strength indicator from the demodulator 632 during the first detection signal transmission procedure. Signal strength indicator received through the can be received. Subsequently, in the second detection signal transmission procedure, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 so that the detection signal may be transmitted only through the transmission coil (s) in which the signal strength indicator was received during the first detection signal transmission procedure. You may. As another example, the controller 640 transmits the second sensed signal to the transmit coil in which the signal strength indicator having the largest value is received when there are a plurality of transmit coils in which the signal intensity indicator is received during the first sensed signal transmit procedure. In the procedure, the sensing signal may be determined as the transmitting coil to be transmitted first, and the multiplexer 621 may be controlled according to the determination result.
  • the modulator 631 may modulate the control signal generated by the controller 640 and transmit the modulated control signal to the multiplexer 621.
  • the modulation scheme for modulating the control signal is a frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation scheme, a Manchester coding modulation scheme, a PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulation scheme, a pulse width modulation scheme, a differential 2 Differential bi-phase modulation schemes may be included, but is not limited thereto.
  • the demodulator 632 may demodulate the detected signal and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640.
  • the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, an error correction (EC) indicator for controlling power during wireless power transmission, an end of charge (EOC) indicator, an overvoltage / overcurrent / overheat indicator, and the like.
  • EC error correction
  • EOC end of charge
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include various state information for identifying a state of the wireless power receiver.
  • the demodulator 632 may identify from which transmission coil the demodulated signal is received, and may provide the control unit 640 with a predetermined transmission coil identifier corresponding to the identified transmission coil.
  • the demodulator 632 may demodulate a signal received through the transmission coil 623 and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640.
  • the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, but is not limited thereto.
  • the demodulated signal may include various state information of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may obtain the signal strength indicator through in-band communication that communicates with the wireless power receiver using the same frequency used for wireless power transmission.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may not only transmit wireless power using the transmission coil 622 but also exchange various information with the wireless power receiver through the transmission coil 622.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 further includes a separate coil corresponding to each of the transmission coils 622 (that is, the first to nth transmission coils), and wireless power using the separate coils provided. Note that in-band communication with the receiver may also be performed.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 and the wireless power receiver perform in-band communication by way of example.
  • this is only one embodiment, and is a frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission.
  • Short-range bidirectional communication may be performed through a frequency band different from that of FIG.
  • the short-range bidirectional communication may be any one of low power Bluetooth communication, RFID communication, UWB communication, and Zigbee communication.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may adaptively provide a fast charging mode and a general low power charging mode according to a request of the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may transmit a signal of a predetermined pattern-a business card called a first packet-for convenience of description.
  • the wireless power receiver 600 may identify that the wireless power transmitter 600 being connected is capable of fast charging.
  • the wireless power receiver may transmit a predetermined first response packet requesting fast charging to the wireless power transmitter 6000.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 may automatically switch to the fast charging mode and start fast charging.
  • the first packet is transmitted through the transmission coil 622.
  • the first packet may be sent in the identification and configuration step 430 of FIG. 4 or the identification step 530 of FIG. 5.
  • information for identifying whether fast charging is supported may be encoded and transmitted in the digital ping signal transmitted by the wireless power transmitter 600.
  • the wireless power receiver may transmit a predetermined charging mode packet to the wireless power transmitter 600 in which the charging mode is set to fast charging.
  • the charging mode packet will be more clearly through the description of FIGS. 8 to 12 to be described later.
  • the wireless power transmitter 600 and the wireless power receiver are changed to the fast charging mode, the fast charging mode is used.
  • the internal operation can be controlled so that the corresponding power can be transmitted and received.
  • the charging mode is changed from the normal low power charging mode to the fast charging mode, the over voltage judgment criteria, the over temperature judgment criteria, the low voltage / high voltage judgment criteria, the optimum voltage Values such as level (Optimum Voltage Level), power control offset, etc. may be changed and set.
  • the threshold voltage for determining the overvoltage may be set to be high to enable fast charging.
  • the threshold temperature may be set to be high in consideration of the temperature rise due to the fast charging.
  • the power control offset value which means the minimum level at which power is controlled at the transmitting end, may be set to a larger value than the general low power charging mode so as to quickly converge to a desired target power level in the fast charging mode.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
  • the wireless power receiver 700 includes a receiving coil 710, a rectifier 720, a DC / DC converter 730, a load 740, a sensing unit 750, and a communication unit ( 760), and may include a main controller 770.
  • the communication unit 760 may include a demodulator 761 and a modulator 762.
  • the wireless power receiver 700 illustrated in the example of FIG. 7 is illustrated as being capable of exchanging information with the wireless power transmitter 600 through in-band communication, this is only one embodiment.
  • the communication unit 760 may provide short-range bidirectional communication through a frequency band different from the frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission.
  • the AC power received through the receiving coil 710 may be transferred to the rectifier 720.
  • the rectifier 720 may convert AC power into DC power and transmit the DC power to the DC / DC converter 730.
  • the DC / DC converter 730 may convert the strength of the rectifier output DC power into a specific intensity required by the load 740 and then transfer it to the load 740.
  • the sensing unit 750 may measure the intensity of the rectifier 720 output DC power and provide the same to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the strength of the current applied to the receiving coil 710 according to the wireless power reception, and may transmit the measurement result to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power receiver 700 and provide the measured temperature value to the main controller 770.
  • the main controller 770 may determine whether the overvoltage is generated by comparing the measured intensity of the rectifier output DC power with a predetermined reference value. As a result of the determination, when the overvoltage is generated, a predetermined packet indicating that the overvoltage has occurred may be generated and transmitted to the modulator 762.
  • the signal modulated by the modulator 762 may be transmitted to the wireless power transmitter 600 through the receiving coil 710 or a separate coil (not shown).
  • the main controller 770 may determine that a sensing signal has been received. When the sensing signal is received, a signal strength indicator corresponding to the sensing signal may be modulated.
  • the demodulator 761 may output an AC power signal or a rectifier 720 between the receiving coil 710 and the rectifier 720. After demodulating the DC power signal to identify whether the detection signal is received, the identification result may be provided to the main controller 770. In this case, the main controller 770 may control the signal strength indicator corresponding to the detection signal to be transmitted through the modulator 761.
  • the main controller 770 may determine whether the connected wireless power transmitter is a wireless power transmitter capable of fast charging based on the information demodulated by the demodulator 760.
  • the main control unit 770 when a predetermined fast charge request signal for requesting fast charge is received from the electronic device 30 of FIG. 1, the main control unit 770 generates a charge mode packet corresponding to the received fast charge request signal and modulator. Can be sent to (761).
  • the fast charge request signal from the electronic device may be received according to a user menu selection on a predetermined user interface.
  • the main controller 770 When the main controller 770 according to another embodiment of the present invention determines that the connected wireless power transmitter supports the fast charging mode, the main controller 770 automatically requests the wireless power transmitter for fast charging or wireless power based on the remaining battery power. You can also control the transmitter to stop fast charging and switch to normal low power charging mode.
  • the main controller 770 may monitor the power consumption of the electric device in real time during charging in the general low power charging mode. If the power consumption of the electronic device is greater than or equal to a predetermined reference value, the main controller 770 may generate a predetermined charging mode packet for requesting switching to the fast charging mode and transmit the generated charging mode packet to the modulator 761.
  • the main control unit 770 may determine whether overheating occurs by comparing the internal temperature value measured by the sensing unit 750 with a predetermined reference value. If overheating occurs during fast charging, the main controller 770 may generate and transmit a charging mode packet so that the wireless power transmitter switches to the normal low power charging mode.
  • the main controller 770 may change the charging mode based on at least one of a battery charge rate, an internal temperature, a strength of the rectifier output voltage, a CPU usage rate mounted on the electronic device, and a user menu selection. If it is necessary to determine whether, and as a result of the determination, it is necessary to change the charging mode, it is possible to generate a charging mode packet including the change of the charging mode value and transmit to the wireless power transmitter.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may encode or decode a transmission target packet based on an internal clock signal having the same period.
  • the wireless power signal when the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 does not transmit a specific packet, the wireless power signal is modulated with a specific frequency, as shown by reference numeral 41 of FIG. 1. AC signal may not be.
  • the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 transmits a specific packet the wireless power signal may be an AC signal modulated by a specific modulation scheme as shown in FIG.
  • the modulation scheme may include, but is not limited to, an amplitude modulation scheme, a frequency modulation scheme, a frequency and amplitude modulation scheme, a phase modulation scheme, and the like.
  • Differential bi-phase encoding may be applied to binary data of a packet generated by the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 as shown in FIG.
  • differential two-stage encoding allows two state transitions to encode data bit 1 and one state transition to encode data bit zero. That is, data bit 1 is encoded such that a transition between a HI state and a LO state occurs at a rising edge and a falling edge of the clock signal, and data bit 0 is HI at the rising edge of the clock signal.
  • the transition between state and LO state may be encoded to occur.
  • the encoded binary data may be applied with a byte encoding scheme, as shown at 830.
  • the byte encoding scheme includes a start bit and a stop bit for identifying a start and type of a corresponding bit stream for an 8-bit encoded binary bit stream.
  • the method may be a method of inserting a parity bit for detecting whether an error of a corresponding bit stream (byte) occurs.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a packet format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a packet format 900 used for information exchange between the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may be used for acquiring synchronization for demodulating the packet and identifying the correct start bit of the packet.
  • the packet receiving end may identify the size of the message 930 included in the packet based on the header 920 value.
  • the header 920 may be defined in each step of the wireless power transfer procedure, and in some, the same value may be defined in different steps of the header 920.
  • the header values corresponding to the end power transfer of the ping step and the end of the power transfer of the power transfer step may be equal to 0x02.
  • the message 930 includes data to be transmitted at the transmitting end of the packet.
  • the data included in the message 930 field may be a report, a request, or a response to the counterpart, but is not limited thereto.
  • the packet 900 may further include at least one of a transmitter identification information for identifying a transmitter that transmitted the packet and a receiver identification information for identifying a receiver for receiving the packet.
  • the transmitter identification information and the receiver identification information may include IP address information, MAC address information, product identification information, and the like, but are not limited thereto and may be information capable of distinguishing a receiver and a transmitter from a wireless charging system.
  • the packet 900 may further include predetermined group identification information for identifying the corresponding reception group when the packet is to be received by a plurality of devices.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for describing types of packets transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a packet transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter includes a signal strength packet for transmitting strength information of a detected ping signal, and a type of power transmission for requesting the transmitter to stop power transmission.
  • End Power Transfer a power control hold-off packet for transmitting time information waiting to adjust the actual power after receiving a control error packet for control control
  • a configuration for transmitting the configuration information of the receiver Packet, identification packet and extended identification packet for transmitting receiver identification information general request packet for sending general request message, special request packet for sending special request message, reference quality factor value for FO detection FOD status packet, control error packet for controlling the transmitter power of the transmitter, renegotiation packet for renegotiation initiation,
  • a 24-bit received power packet and 8-bit received power packet for transmitting strength information of the received power, and a charging state packet for transmitting charge state information of a current load may be included.
  • Packets transmitted from the wireless power receiver to the wireless power transmitter may be transmitted using in-band communication using the same frequency band as the frequency band used for wireless power transmission.
  • FIG. 11A illustrates a message structure of a FOD status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FOD status packet message 1100 may have a length of 2 bytes, and a 6-bit reserved (Reserved) 1101, a 2-bit mode (1102) field, and a 1-byte length It may be configured to include a reference quality factor value (1031).
  • All bits constituting the reservation 1101 field may be set to zero.
  • the mode 1102 field is binary '00', it means that the reference quality factor (RQF_NO_FO, first reference quality factor) value in the absence of the FO is recorded in the reference quality factor value 1103 field. If the mode 1102 field is a binary number '01', it may mean that a reference quality factor (RQF_FO, second reference quality factor) value in the FO state is recorded in the reference quality factor value 1103 field.
  • 11B is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO Status Packet message 1110 may have a length of 3 bytes, and a 6-bit reserved (Reserved, 1111), 2-bit length (Mode, 1112) field and a reference quality factor value. (Reference Quality Factor Value, 1113) and Reference Quality Factor Value With Foreign Object (1114).
  • All bits constituting the reservation 1101 field may be set to zero.
  • the operation mode of the power receiver to which the corresponding reference quality factor value 1113 is applied may be identified through the mode 1112 field.
  • the mode 1112 value is binary '00', it means that the value of the reference quality factor measured when the power of the wireless power receiver is turned off.
  • the wireless power receiver may have different reference quality factor values measured when there is no foreign substance by manufacturer and / or product type and measured reference quality factor values when foreign substances exist.
  • the wireless power transmitter adaptively determines a quality factor threshold for determining whether a foreign substance exists in consideration of a reference quality factor value measured when no foreign matter is present and a reference quality factor value measured when there is a foreign matter. Can be determined. This is because the amount of change in the quality factor value may vary depending on the presence of foreign substances in each receiver. Through this, the present invention can minimize the problem that the foreign matter is not normally detected even though the actual foreign matter is located in the charging region, the heat generation or power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced.
  • 11C is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO status packet message 1120 may have a length of 2 bytes, a 6-bit drop value of reference quality factor field, and a 2-bit length mode ( Mode, 1122) field, and a Reference Quality Factor Value field (1123).
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is determined based on the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when no foreign matter is present and the quality factor value with foreign object measured when the foreign matter is present. Can be a value.
  • the mode 1122 field may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reservation 1101 field of FIG. 11A described above.
  • the value of the mode 1122 field when the value of the mode 1122 field is binary '01', it may mean that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reserved field. Only another value of the mode 1122 field, e.g., binary '10' or binary '11', may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reserved field.
  • the reference quality factor value 1123 may automatically imply that the power of the power receiver is measured in the OFF state.
  • the format of the foreign matter packet is divided into specific modes in the specific embodiment, but the foreign matter packet may be the embodiment of FIGS. 11A to 11D regardless of the mode.
  • the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when no foreign matter is present will be referred to as RQF_NO_FO, and the quality factor value measured when specific foreign matter is referred to as QF_FO.
  • the specific foreign matter may be any one of the foreign matters defined in the WPC Qi standard.
  • the specific foreign material may be Foreign Object # 4, which is an aluminum disk having a diameter of 22 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, but is not limited thereto. Any one of general commercial coins may be used.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be determined as the reference quality factor value 1223 corresponding to the corresponding wireless power receiver minus the quality factor value measured in the presence of a specific foreign material.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be a ratio of a drop in the quality factor value measured when the foreign matter is present compared to the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when the foreign matter does not exist.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be an integer value calculated as a percentage (%) or a percentage divided by a specific unit value (STEP_VALUE), but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be calculated by Equation 1 below.
  • * 100 is expressed as% and the actual value may be a value that does not reflect * 100.
  • the wireless power receiver may have different reference quality factor drop values depending on the manufacturer or product type.
  • the wireless power transmitter obtains the reference quality factor drop value from the sensed wireless power receiver, and adaptively determines the quality factor threshold for determining the presence of foreign matter in consideration of the reference quality factor drop value. Can be determined.
  • the present invention can minimize the problem that the foreign matter is not normally detected even though the actual foreign matter is located in the charging region, the heat generation or power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced.
  • 11D is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO status packet message 1130 may have a length of 2 bytes, a 6 bit length of the Accurate of Reference Quality Factor (1131) field, a 2 bit length of Mode, 1132) field, and a Reference Quality Factor Value (1331) field.
  • the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 may be an allowance of an error with respect to the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when there is no foreign matter.
  • the reference quality factor value to which the tolerance of error is applied may be set at a rate that increases or decreases from the reference quality factor value 1223 received from the wireless power receiver, but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 may have different values depending on the manufacturer (or) and product type of the corresponding wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power receiver of Company A and the wireless power receiver of Company B may have different accuracy of reference quality factor values measured in conjunction with the same wireless power transmitter. Therefore, the wireless power transmitter needs to acquire information about the reference quality factor accuracy for each wireless power receiver, and may determine a quality factor threshold for determining whether there is a foreign substance in consideration of the reference quality factor accuracy.
  • the wireless power transmitter will hereinafter simply refer to the quality factor threshold value for determining whether there is a foreign substance for convenience of description as FO_QF_THRESHOLD.
  • the test result of the same wireless power transmitter the reference quality factor value measured for the wireless power receiver of Company A is 100
  • the reference quality factor value measured for the wireless power receiver of Company B may be 70.
  • the reference quality factor accuracy corresponding to company B's wireless power receiver-for example, within +/- 7%- is the reference quality factor accuracy corresponding to company A's wireless power receiver-for example, +/- 10%.
  • the quality factor accuracy may vary depending on the configuration of the finished product on which the receiver is installed. For example, depending on the PCB, camera module, antenna and other components mounted on the finished product, the quality factor can be measured lower than other finished products even in the absence of foreign substances. Accordingly, in the case of the finished product located in the filling region together with the foreign matter, the difference in the quality factor value may be smaller than that of the other finished products, and thus higher measurement accuracy is required.
  • the mode 1132 field may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reservation 1101 field of FIG. 11A described above.
  • the value of the mode 1132 field when the value of the mode 1132 field is binary '01', it may mean that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reserved field.
  • Other values of the mode 1132 field e.g., binary '10' or binary '11', may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reserved field.
  • the reference quality factor value 1133 may automatically imply that the power of the power receiver is measured in the OFF state.
  • the foreign material detection method defined in the conventional WPC Qi standard measures the current quality factor value before the wireless power transmitter performs the ping step, i.e., the selection step.
  • the wireless power transmitter has a reference quality factor value received from the wireless power receiver at the negotiation stage, and production and measurement tolerance and reference quality factor accuracy to account for the design differences of the transmitters. Considering the (Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor) determines the quality factor threshold for determining the presence of foreign substances.
  • the reference quality factor value is the five areas of the charging area of the Test Power Transmitter (TPT) —for example, the MP1 type transmitter defined in the WPC Qi standard—middle, four positions shifted 5 mm left and right. It means the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at. According to a design difference between the test power transmitter MP1 and a commercial wireless power transmitter, such as an inductance value of a transmission coil, the quality factor value measured in the actual charging region may be different for each transmitter. The error that compensates for this is called production and measurement error.
  • TPT Test Power Transmitter
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1210 may transmit a FOD status packet including a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) to the wireless power transmitter 1220 (see FIG. 12). S1201). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”.
  • RQF_FO second reference quality factor value
  • the second reference quality factor value may be determined to have the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned in the presence of the FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging area.
  • the first quality factor value and the FO in the vicinity of the wireless power receiver may be +/- 5 mm in a certain distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver, for example, in the x and y axes, respectively. May be determined to be the smallest of the measured second quality factor values.
  • the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1220 may determine the received second reference quality factor value as a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) (S1203).
  • Q_threshold quality factor threshold value
  • the wireless power transmitter 1220 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1203 to S1204).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1220 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1210. It may be (S1205). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1220 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • step 1204 if the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1220 determines that the FO has been detected, and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1210. The response may be transmitted (S1206). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1220 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1310 may transmit a FOD status packet including a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) to the wireless power transmitter 1320 (see FIG. 13). S1301). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”.
  • RQF_FO second reference quality factor value
  • the second reference quality factor value may be determined to have the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned in the presence of the FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging area.
  • the first quality factor value and the FO in the vicinity of the wireless power receiver may be +/- 5 mm in a certain distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver, for example, in the x and y axes, respectively. May be determined to be the smallest of the measured second quality factor values.
  • the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 may determine a threshold value for FO detection based on the received second reference quality factor value and a design factor previously stored in correspondence with the wireless power transmitter 1320 (S1303).
  • the second reference quality factor value corrected based on the configuration factor will be referred to as a correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct.
  • the second reference quality factor value is determined based on the quality factor value measured on a particular wireless power transmitter, hereinafter referred to as a test wireless power transmitter, called a business card, designated for performance testing, so that it is commercially manufactured by a particular manufacturer.
  • a test wireless power transmitter a business card
  • a commercial wireless power transmitter, a business card may differ from each other in configuration and characteristics with a test wireless power transmitter.
  • the quality factor values measured under the same conditions may be different in a commercial wireless power transmitter and a test wireless power transmitter. Therefore, the second reference quality factor value used as the threshold for FO detection in the embodiment of FIG. 12 described above needs to be corrected in consideration of the configuration and characteristics of the commercial wireless power transmitter, that is, the configuration factor.
  • a configuration factor may include a power class corresponding to a corresponding commercial wireless power transmitter, characteristics and arrangement of a transmitting coil, a power control algorithm mounted on the transmitter, power transfer loss, and a corresponding wireless power transmitter. It may be a correction constant value determined based on at least one parameter of the shape and structure of, but is not limited thereto, and may be a value capable of correcting a quality factor measurement error compared to a test wireless power transmitter.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshod_correct (S1303 to S1304).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital pinging step, immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 determines that the FO is not detected and sends an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1310. It may transmit (S1305). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1320 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1320 determines that the FO has been detected, and transmits to the wireless power receiver 1310.
  • the NAK response may be transmitted (S1306). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1320 may transition from the negotiation step to the selection step.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1410 may transmit first to second FOD status packets including a reference quality factor value (Q_reference) to the wireless power transmitter 1420. There is (S1401 to S1402).
  • the first FOD status packet may include a first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO when the mode is binary '00'.
  • the second FOD state packet may include a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) when Mode is 1, that is, a reference quality factor value determined based on the quality factor value measured while the FO is in the charging region. have.
  • the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is greater than the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO.
  • the first to second reference quality factor values may each be determined based on the quality factor values measured in the absence of the FO near the receiver and the presence of the FO near the receiver.
  • the first to second reference quality factor values may be determined as values having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific test wireless power transmitter.
  • the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned with no FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging region.
  • a second measured and moved with a first quality factor value and a distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver for example, but may be, but not limited to, +/- 5 mm in the x- and y-axes, respectively
  • the smallest of the quality factor values can be determined.
  • the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 may determine a quality factor threshold rate (Q_threshold_rate) for FO detection based on the received first to second reference quality factor values (S1403).
  • Q_threshold_rate a quality factor threshold rate for FO detection based on the received first to second reference quality factor values (S1403).
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 may measure a current quality factor value Q_current and calculate a quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate based on the measured current quality factor value and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO (S1404). ).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital pinging step, immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 may compare whether the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate is smaller than the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate (S1405).
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 determines that the FO is not detected, and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1410 (S1406). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1420 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1420 determines that the FO is detected, and transmits to the wireless power receiver 1410.
  • the NAK response may be transmitted (S1407).
  • the state of the wireless power transmitter 1420 may transition from the negotiation step to the selection step.
  • the FO detection is performed by comparing the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate.
  • the wireless power transmitter calculates the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter, and compares the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct. It may be determined whether the FO exists in the charging region.
  • the quality factor threshold may be determined as follows.
  • the received quality factor measurement error range (ex ⁇ 10% (0.1 * reference quality factor value), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value (FIG. 11D)) and transmitter characteristics (transmitter type ( Design, manufacturer, product or measurement error, etc.).
  • the quality factor table 1500 shown in FIG. 15 may be maintained in the memory of the wireless power transmitter.
  • the wireless power transmitter may update the quality factor table 1500 based on the received FO status packet.
  • the quality factor table 1500 may include a receiver identifier 1501 field, a most recently measured quality factor value (Latest Measured Quality Factor Value, 1502) field, a first reference quality factor value (RQF_NO_FO, 1503) field, and a second value. And at least one of a reference quality factor value (RQF_FO, 1504) field and a correction quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold_correct, 1505) field.
  • the receiver identifier 1501 may be configured by combining any one or at least one of a manufacturer code, a basic device identifier, and an extended device identifier obtained in the identification and configuration steps. Can be.
  • the receiver identifier may be configured by concatenating a manufacturer code and a basic device identifier.
  • the receiver identifier may be configured by concatenating a manufacturer code, a basic device identifier, and an extended device identifier.
  • the most recently measured quality factor value 1502 field may record the most recently measured quality factor value corresponding to the corresponding receiver identifier 1501. At this time, when charging for the wireless power receiver corresponding to the corresponding receiver identifier 1501 is normally completed or when a normal state transition to the power transmission state is made in the negotiation phase, the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor value measured in the negotiation phase. It can be recorded in the quality factor table 1500.
  • the wireless power transmitter when the wireless power transmitter receives the FOD status packet in the negotiation step, the wireless power transmitter sets the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO or (and) the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO included in the FOD status packet to the quality factor table 1500. You can also write
  • the wireless power transmitter may record the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct calculated for the FO detection in the quality factor table 1500 during the initial negotiation with the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter may detect the FO by referring to the quality factor table 1500.
  • the quality factor table 1500 further includes at least one of the reference quality factor drop value 1121 described in FIG. 11C and the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 described in FIG. 11D. Can be configured.
  • 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 may be mounted or mounted on a wireless power transmitter.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 includes a communication unit 1610, a determination unit 1620, a measurement unit 1630, a detection unit 1640, a control unit 1650, and a power transmission unit 1660. Can be.
  • the communication unit 1610 may receive a FOD status packet including a reference quality factor value from the wireless power receiver connected in the negotiation step.
  • the reference quality factor values are reference quality factor values (RQF_NO_FO, first reference quality factor value) when the FO is not present in the filling region and reference quality factor values (RQF_FO, second criterion) when the FO is present in the filling region. Quality factor value), and may be received through one FOD status packet or a plurality of FOD status packets in the negotiation step.
  • the determiner 1620 may determine a threshold to be used for FO detection based on the received reference quality factor value.
  • the threshold used for FO detection may be determined as the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO, but this is only one embodiment, and the threshold used for FO detection according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • the second reference quality factor value may be determined based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter.
  • the threshold value used for FO detection according to another embodiment of the present invention may be determined by a quality factor threshold rate (Q_threshold_rate) calculated based on the first to second reference quality factor values.
  • Q_threshold_rate a quality factor threshold rate
  • the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate may be determined as a value obtained by dividing the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO by the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO.
  • the threshold value used for FO detection may include a first correction reference quality factor calculated by applying the first to second reference quality factor values corresponding to the corresponding wireless power transmitter. It may be determined based on the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct calculated based on the second correction reference quality factor.
  • the measurer 1630 may measure or calculate a value related to a current quality factor compared with the threshold when detecting the FO.
  • the measurer 1630 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current in the negotiation step.
  • the measurer 1630 may calculate the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate based on the measured current quality factor value Q_current and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO.
  • the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate may be calculated as [RQF_NO_FO-Q_current] / [RQF_NO_FO].
  • the measurer 1630 may calculate a current quality factor ratio Q_current_rate based on the measured current quality factor value Q_current and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO.
  • the current quality factor ratio Q_current_rate may be calculated as [Q_current] / [RQF_NO_FO].
  • the detector 1640 may detect whether the FO exists in the charging region by comparing the threshold determined by the determiner 1620 and the value measured or calculated by the measurer 1630.
  • the detector 1640 may determine that the FO exists in the charging region when the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO. have.
  • the detector 1640 may determine that the FO exists in the charging region when the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct. have.
  • the detector 1640 may compare the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate to determine whether the FO exists in the charging region. Can be.
  • the detector 1640 may determine whether the FO exists in the charging area by comparing the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate with the correction quality factor threshold ratio calculated based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter. can do.
  • the detector 1640 may determine the quality factor threshold as follows.
  • the received quality factor measurement error range (ex ⁇ 10% (0.1 * reference Q-Factor Value), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value (FIG. 11D)) and transmitter characteristics (transmitter type) to the received reference quality factor value. (Design), manufacturer, product or measurement error, etc.).
  • the controller 1650 may control the overall operation and input / output of the FO detection apparatus 1600. For example, when the FO is not detected by the detector 1640, the controller 1650 transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter from the negotiation stage to the power transfer stage, and the power transmitter 1660 is required to charge the load. Can be controlled to send. As another example, when the FO is detected by the detector 1640, the controller 1650 transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter from the negotiation stage to the selection stage, and controls the power transmission unit 1660 to block power transmission. can do.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 may further include a memory (not shown) for maintaining the quality factor table 1500 illustrated in FIG. 15.
  • the FO detection apparatus 1600 does not detect the FO by the detection unit 1640, the FO detection apparatus 1600 and the wireless power receiver (the wireless power transmitter) before the transition to the power transmission step. It may further include a correction unit (not shown) for calculating the power loss therebetween.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1710 may wirelessly transmit a FOD state packet including a reference quality factor value and a drop value of reference quality factor. It may transmit to the transmitter 1720 (S1701). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”, but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor value may be determined as the value having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 may determine a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) using the received reference quality factor value and the reference quality factor drop value (S1703).
  • Q_threshold a quality factor threshold value
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 may determine a value obtained by subtracting the reference quality factor drop value from the reference quality factor value as the quality factor threshold value, but is not limited thereto.
  • the quality factor threshold may be determined using a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function in which the reference quality factor value and the reference quality factor drop value are input variables.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1703 to S1704).
  • the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically after the digital ping step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1710. It may be (S1705). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1720 may transition from the negotiation stage to the power transmission stage.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1720 determines that the FO has been detected and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1710. The response may be transmitted (S1706). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1720 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power receiver 1810 may transmit a FOD state packet including an Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor and a Reference Quality Factor Value. 1820 may be transmitted (S1801). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”, but is not limited thereto.
  • the reference quality factor value may be determined as the value having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may determine a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) using the received reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor value (S1803).
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may further determine the quality factor threshold value by using the pre-stored production and measurement tolerance.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may determine, as the quality factor threshold, a value obtained by subtracting the reference quality factor accuracy and the production and measurement error from the reference quality factor value, but is not limited thereto.
  • the quality factor threshold may be determined using a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function in which the reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor value are input variables.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1803 to S1804).
  • the current quality factor value according to an embodiment of the present invention may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured just before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically after the digital ping step.
  • the wireless power transmitter 1820 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1810. It may be (S1805). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1820 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
  • step 1804 if the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1820 determines that the FO is detected, and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1810. The response may be transmitted (S1806). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1820 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
  • the wireless power transmitter may acquire all of the reference quality factor value, the reference quality factor accuracy, and the reference quality factor drop value through the plurality of FOD status packets.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor threshold value using at least one of a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, a reference quality factor drop value, and a production and measurement error.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine an output value of a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function that uses a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value as an input variable as a quality factor threshold value.
  • a wireless power transmitter obtains a quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value measured in the absence of foreign matter through a plurality of FOD status packets from a wireless power receiver.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor threshold by subtracting the reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor drop value from the quality factor value measured in the absence of foreign matter.
  • the wireless power transmitter may determine a quality factor threshold value based on an output value of a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function having as input variables a quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value measured in the absence of foreign matter. You can also decide by value.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FO detecting apparatus 1900 includes a driving unit 1902, a resonant capacitor 1901, a transmitting coil 1904, a quality factor measuring unit 1905, a demodulator 1906, and a control unit 1907. Can be configured.
  • the driver 1902 may convert DC power applied from the power supply 1901 to AC power, and adjust the strength of the AC power according to a control signal of the controller 1907.
  • the driver 1902 may include a frequency oscillator for generating a specific frequency signal, an inverter for amplifying an AC signal oscillated by the frequency oscillator, and the like.
  • the quality factor measuring unit 1905 may measure a quality factor value for the transmitting coil by monitoring a change in inductance (or voltage or current) at both ends of the resonant capacitor 103. The measured current quality factor value is transmitted to the controller 1907.
  • the demodulator 1906 demodulates a signal received from the wireless power receiver and transmits the demodulated signal to the controller 1907. As an example, the demodulator 1906 may demodulate and forward the FO status packet to the controller 1907.
  • the controller 1907 may determine a quality factor threshold value for the corresponding wireless power receiver based on at least one of a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value included in the FO status packet.
  • the controller 1907 may determine whether the FO exists in the charging area by comparing the determined quality factor threshold with the current quality factor measured by the quality factor measurer 1905.
  • the controller 1907 may continue charging or stop charging and return to the selection step according to the determination result.
  • control unit 1907 adaptively determining the quality factor threshold based on the FO status packet and the function of detecting the FO based on the determined quality factor threshold is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18. Replace with description.
  • the method according to the embodiment described above may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium that is produced as a program for execution on a computer, and examples of the computer-readable recording medium include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape , Floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and the like, and also include those implemented in the form of carrier waves (eg, transmission over the Internet).
  • the computer readable recording medium can be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.
  • functional programs, codes, and code segments for implementing the above-described method may be easily inferred by programmers in the art to which the embodiments belong.
  • the present invention can be used in the field of wireless charging, and in particular, can be applied to a wireless power transmission device.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a foreign object (FO) detection method for wireless charging, and a device and a system therefor. The FO detection method on a wireless power transmitter, according to one embodiment of the present invention, may comprise the steps of: receiving a second packet comprising a second reference quality factor value; determining a threshold value by using the second reference quality factor value; measuring the current quality factor value; and detecting an FO on the basis of the threshold value and the current quality factor value. Thus, the present invention has the advantage of enabling an FO to be more effectively detected.

Description

FO 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템FO detection method and apparatus and system therefor
본 발명은 무선 전력 전송 기술에 관한 것으로서, 상세하게, 무선 충전 시스템상에서의 FO 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템에 관한 것이다.TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to wireless power transfer technology, and more particularly, to an FO detection method on a wireless charging system, and apparatus and system therefor.
최근 정보 통신 기술이 급속도로 발전함에 따라, 정보 통신 기술을 기반으로 하는 유비쿼터스 사회가 이루어지고 있다.Recently, with the rapid development of information and communication technology, a ubiquitous society based on information and communication technology is being made.
언제 어디서나 정보통신 기기들이 접속되기 위해서는 사회 모든 시설에 통신 기능을 가진 컴퓨터 칩을 내장시킨 센서들이 설치되어야 한다. 따라서 이들 기기나 센서의 전원 공급 문제는 새로운 과제가 되고 있다. 또한 휴대폰뿐만 아니라 블루투스 핸드셋과 아이팟 같은 뮤직 플레이어 등의 휴대기기 종류가 급격히 늘어나면서 배터리를 충전하는 작업이 사용자에게 시간과 수고를 요구하고 됐다. 이러한 문제를 해결하는 방법으로 무선 전력 전송 기술이 최근 들어 관심을 받고 있다. In order for telecommunications devices to be connected anytime and anywhere, sensors incorporating computer chips with communication functions must be installed in all social facilities. Therefore, the problem of power supply of these devices and sensors is a new problem. In addition, as the number of mobile devices such as Bluetooth handsets and music players such as iPods has increased rapidly, charging a battery has required users time and effort. In recent years, wireless power transmission technology has been attracting attention as a way to solve this problem.
무선 전력 전송 기술(wireless power transmission 또는 wireless energy transfer)은 자기장의 유도 원리를 이용하여 무선으로 송신기에서 수신기로 전기 에너지를 전송하는 기술로서, 이미 1800년대에 전자기유도 원리를 이용한 전기 모터나 변압기가 사용되기 시작했고, 그 후로는 고주파, Microwave, 레이저 등과 같은 전자파를 방사해서 전기에너지를 전송하는 방법도 시도되었다. 우리가 흔히 사용하는 전동칫솔이나 일부 무선면도기도 실상은 전자기유도 원리로 충전된다. Wireless power transmission or wireless energy transfer is a technology that transmits electrical energy wirelessly from a transmitter to a receiver using the principle of induction of magnetic field, which is already used by electric motors or transformers using the electromagnetic induction principle in the 1800s. Since then, there have been attempts to transmit electrical energy by radiating electromagnetic waves such as high frequency, microwaves, and lasers. Electric toothbrushes and some wireless razors that we commonly use are actually charged with the principle of electromagnetic induction.
현재까지 무선을 이용한 에너지 전달 방식은 크게 자기 유도 방식, 자기 공진(Electromagnetic Resonance) 방식 및 단파장 무선 주파수를 이용한 RF 전송 방식 등으로 구분될 수 있다.To date, energy transmission using wireless may be classified into magnetic induction, electromagnetic resonance, and RF transmission using short wavelength radio frequency.
자기 유도 방식은 두 개의 코일을 서로 인접시킨 후 한 개의 코일에 전류를 흘려보내면 이 때 발생한 자속(MagneticFlux)이 다른 코일에 기전력을 일으키는 현상을 사용한 기술로서, 휴대폰과 같은 소형기기를 중심으로 빠르게 상용화가 진행되고 있다. 자기 유도 방식은 최대 수백 키로와트(kW)의 전력을 전송할 수 있고 효율도 높지만 최대 전송 거리가 1센티미터(cm) 이하이므로 일반적으로 충전기나 바닥에 인접시켜야 하는 단점이 있다.The magnetic induction method uses the phenomenon that magnetic flux generated at this time causes electromotive force to other coils when two coils are adjacent to each other and current flows to one coil, and is rapidly commercialized in small devices such as mobile phones. Is going on. Magnetic induction is capable of transmitting power of up to several hundred kilowatts (kW) and has high efficiency, but the maximum transmission distance is less than 1 centimeter (cm).
자기 공진 방식은 전자기파나 전류 등을 활용하는 대신 전기장이나 자기장을 이용하는 특징이 있다. 자기 공진 방식은 전자파 문제의 영향을 거의 받지 않으므로 다른 전자 기기나 인체에 안전하다는 장점이 있다. 반면, 한정된 거리와 공간에서만 활용할 수 있으며 에너지 전달 효율이 다소 낮다는 단점이 있다.The magnetic resonance method is characterized by using an electric or magnetic field instead of using electromagnetic waves or current. Since the magnetic resonance method is hardly affected by the electromagnetic wave problem, it has the advantage of being safe for other electronic devices or the human body. On the other hand, it can be utilized only in limited distances and spaces, and has a disadvantage in that energy transmission efficiency is rather low.
단파장 무선 전력 전송 방식-간단히, RF 전송 방식-은 에너지가 라디오 파(RadioWave)형태로 직접 송수신될 수 있다는 점을 활용한 것이다. 이 기술은 렉테나(rectenna)를 이용하는 RF 방식의 무선 전력 전송 방식으로서, 렉테나는 안테나(antenna)와 정류기(rectifier)의 합성어로서 RF 전력을 직접 직류 전력으로 변환하는 소자를 의미한다. 즉, RF 방식은 AC 라디오파를 DC로 변환하여 사용하는 기술로서, 최근 효율이 향상되면서 상용화에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다.The short wavelength wireless power transmission scheme—simply, the RF transmission scheme— takes advantage of the fact that energy can be transmitted and received directly in the form of RadioWave. This technology is a wireless power transmission method of the RF method using a rectenna, a compound word of an antenna and a rectifier (rectifier) refers to a device that converts RF power directly into direct current power. In other words, the RF method is a technology that converts AC radio waves to DC and uses them. Recently, research on commercialization has been actively conducted as efficiency is improved.
무선 전력 전송 기술은 모바일 뿐만 아니라 IT, 철도, 가전 산업 등 산업 전반에 다양하게 활용될 수 있다.Wireless power transfer technology can be used in various industries, such as the mobile, IT, railroad and consumer electronics industries.
무선 충전 가능 영역에 무선 전력 수신기가 아닌 전도체-즉, FO(Foreign Object)가 존재하는 경우, FO에는 무선 전력 송신기로부터 송출된 전자기 신호가 유도되어 온도가 상승할 수 있다. 일 예로, FO는 동전, 클립, 핀, 볼펜 등을 포함할 수 있다.When a conductor other than a wireless power receiver, that is, a Foreign Object (FO), exists in the wirelessly chargeable area, an electromagnetic signal transmitted from the wireless power transmitter may be induced in the FO to increase the temperature. For example, the FO may include a coin, a clip, a pin, a ballpoint pen, and the like.
만약, 무선 전력 수신기와 무선 전력 송신기 사이에 FO가 존재하는 경우, 무선 충전 효율이 현저히 떨어질 뿐만 아니라 FO 주변 온도 상승으로 인해 무선 전력 수신기와 무선 전력 송신기의 온도가 함께 상승할 수 있다. 만약, 충전 영역에 위치한 FO가 제거되지 않는 경우, 전력 낭비가 초래될 뿐만 아니라 과열로 인해 무선 전력 송신기 및 무선 전력 수신기의 손상이 야기될 수 있다.If the FO is present between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter, not only the wireless charging efficiency is significantly lowered but also the temperature of the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter may rise together due to an increase in the ambient temperature of the FO. If the FO located in the charging area is not removed, not only power is wasted but also overheating may cause damage to the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver.
따라서, 충전 영역에 위치한 FO를 검출하는 것은 무선 충전 기술 분야에서 중요한 이슈로 부각되고 있다.Therefore, detecting the FO located in the charging area is an important issue in the wireless charging technology field.
본 발명은 상술한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 고안된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 무선 충전을 위한 FO 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and an apparatus and system therefor.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 무선 전력 수신기로부터 수신된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 무선 전력 송신기를 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmitter for detecting an FO based on a second reference quality factor value received from a wireless power receiver.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 무선 전력 송신기의 구성 인자에 대응하여 적응적으로 FO 검출을 위한 임계치를 결정함으로써 FO가 검출되지 않는 것을 미연에 방지하는 것이 가능한 FO 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템을 제공하는 것이다. It is still another object of the present invention to provide an FO detection method and apparatus and system therefor capable of preventing the FO from being detected by adaptively determining a threshold for FO detection in response to a configuration factor of a wireless power transmitter. It is.
본 발명에서 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제들은 이상에서 언급한 기술적 과제들로 제한되지 않으며, 언급하지 않은 또 다른 기술적 과제들은 아래의 기재로부터 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.Technical problems to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned above will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. Could be.
본 발명은 무선 충전을 위한 FO 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템을 제공할 수 있다.The present invention can provide a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and apparatus and system therefor.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기에서의 FO(Foreign Object) 검출 방법은 제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 포함된 제2 패킷을 수신하는 단계와 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 이용하여 임계치를 결정하는 단계와 현재 품질 인자 값을 측정하는 단계와 상기 임계치와 상기 현재 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 단계를 포함할 수 있다.In a method of detecting a foreign object (FO) in a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and using a second reference quality factor value, Determining, measuring a current quality factor value, and detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value.
여기서, 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 충전 영역에 FO가 있는 상태에 대응되는 기준 품질 인자 값임을 지시하는 소정 모드 값이 상기 제2 패킷에 더 포함될 수 있다.Here, the second packet may further include a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state where the FO exists in the charging area.
또한, 상기 제2 패킷은 협상 단계에서 수신될 수 있다.In addition, the second packet may be received in a negotiation step.
또한, 상기 협상 단계에서 상기 FO가 검출된 경우, 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 상태가 선택 단계로 천이될 수 있다.In addition, when the FO is detected in the negotiation step, the state of the wireless power transmitter may transition to the selection step.
또한, 상기 협상 단계에서 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 상태가 전력 전송 단계로 천이될 수 있다.In addition, when the FO is not detected in the negotiation step, the state of the wireless power transmitter may transition to the power transmission step.
또한, 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 전력 전송 단계로 천이하기 이전에 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기와 상기 무선 전력 송신기 사이의 전력 손실을 계산하는 보정 단계가 수행될 수도 있다. In addition, when the FO is not detected, a correction step of calculating a power loss between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter that transmitted the second packet may be performed before the transition to the power transmission step.
또한, 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값에 상기 무선 전력 송신기에 대응되는 구성 인자가 더 반영되어 상기 임계치가 결정될 수도 있다.The threshold may be determined by further reflecting a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter in the second reference quality factor value.
일 예로, 상기 구성 인자는 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기 대비 품질 인자 값의 측정 오차를 보정할 수 있는 상수 값일 수 있다. For example, the configuration factor may be a constant value for correcting a measurement error of the quality factor value compared to the test wireless power transmitter.
다른 일 예로, 상기 구성 인자는 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 전력 클래스, 상기 무선 전력 송신기에 탑재된 송신 코일의 특성 및 배치 구조 중 적어도 하나에 기반하여 결정되는 상수 값일 수도 있다.As another example, the configuration factor may be a constant value determined based on at least one of a power class of the wireless power transmitter, a characteristic of a transmission coil mounted on the wireless power transmitter, and an arrangement structure.
또한, 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기로 ACK 메시지를 전송한 후 상기 무선 전력 수신기로의 충전이 시작되도록 제어될 수 있다.In addition, when the FO is not detected, it may be controlled to start charging the wireless power receiver after transmitting an ACK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet.
또한, 상기 FO가 검출된 경우, 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기로 NAK 메시지를 전송한 후 선택 단계로 진입하여 상기 무선 전력 수신기로의 전력 전송을 차단할 수도 있다.In addition, when the FO is detected, after transmitting the NAK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet, it may enter a selection step to block power transmission to the wireless power receiver.
또한, 상기 FO 검출 방법은 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기에 대응되는 수신기 식별자, 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값, 상기 임계치, 상기 현재 품질 인자 값 중 적어도 하나를 소정 품질 인자 테이블에 기록하는 단계를 더 포함할 수도 있다.The FO detection method may further include at least one of a receiver identifier, the second reference quality factor value, the threshold value, and the current quality factor value corresponding to the wireless power receiver that transmitted the second packet when the FO is not detected. It may further comprise the step of recording in the predetermined quality factor table.
또한, 상기 무선 전력 수신기가 재접속된 경우, 상기 품질 인자 테이블을 참조하여 FO가 검출될 수 있다.In addition, when the wireless power receiver is reconnected, the FO may be detected with reference to the quality factor table.
본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO(Foreign Object) 검출 장치는 제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 포함된 제2 패킷을 수신하는 통신부와 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 이용하여 임계치를 결정하는 결정부와 현재 품질 인자 값을 측정하는 측정부와 상기 임계치와 상기 현재 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 검출부를 포함할 수 있다. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for detecting a foreign object (FO) includes a communication unit for receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and a determination unit for determining a threshold using the second reference quality factor value. And a measuring unit measuring a current quality factor value and a detector detecting a FO based on the threshold value and the current quality factor value.
여기서, 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 충전 영역에 FO가 있는 상태에 대응되는 기준 품질 인자 값임을 지시하는 소정 모드 값이 상기 제2 패킷에 더 포함될 수 있다.Here, the second packet may further include a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state where the FO exists in the charging area.
또한, 상기 제2 패킷은 협상 단계에서 인밴드 통신을 통해 수신될 수 있다.In addition, the second packet may be received through in-band communication in the negotiation step.
또한, FO 검출 장치는 상기 협상 단계에서 상기 FO가 검출된 경우, 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 상태를 선택 단계로 천이시키는 제어부를 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the FO detection apparatus may further include a control unit for transitioning the state of the wireless power transmitter to a selection step when the FO is detected in the negotiation step.
또한, 상기 FO 검출 장치는 상기 협상 단계에서 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 상태를 전력 전송 단계로 천이시키는 제어부와 상기 제어부의 제어 신호에 따라 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기로 무선 전력을 송출하는 전력전송부를 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the FO detecting apparatus, when the FO is not detected in the negotiation step, transmits the second packet according to a control signal of the control unit and the control unit that transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter to the power transmission step. The apparatus may further include a power transmitter configured to transmit wireless power to the receiver.
또한, 상기 FO 검출 장치는 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 전력 전송 단계로 천이하기 이전에 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기와 상기 무선 전력 송신기 사이의 전력 손실을 계산하는 보정부를 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the FO detecting apparatus further includes a correction unit for calculating a power loss between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter that transmitted the second packet before the transition to the power transmission step, if the FO is not detected. can do.
또한, 상기 결정부가 상기 무선 전력 송신기에 대응하여 미리 설정된 구성 인자를 더 이용하여 상기 임계치를 결정할 수 있다.The determiner may further determine the threshold value by further using a configuration factor preset for the wireless power transmitter.
일 예로, 상기 구성 인자는 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기 대비 품질 인자 값의 측정 오차를 보정할 수 있는 상수 값일 수 있다. For example, the configuration factor may be a constant value for correcting a measurement error of the quality factor value compared to the test wireless power transmitter.
다른 일 예로, 상기 구성 인자는 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 전력 클래스, 상기 무선 전력 송신기에 탑재된 송신 코일의 특성 및 배치 구조 중 적어도 하나에 기반하여 결정되는 상수 값일 수 있다.As another example, the configuration factor may be a constant value determined based on at least one of a power class of the wireless power transmitter, a characteristic of a transmission coil mounted in the wireless power transmitter, and an arrangement structure.
또한, 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 통신부를 통해 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기로 ACK 메시지가 전송되어 상기 무선 전력 수신기로의 충전이 시작될 수 있다.In addition, when the FO is not detected, an ACK message may be transmitted to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet through the communication unit, and charging of the wireless power receiver may be started.
또한, 상기 FO가 검출된 경우, 상기 통신부를 통해 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기로 NAK 메시지가 전송된 후 선택 단계로 진입하여 상기 무선 전력 수신기로의 전력 전송이 차단될 수 있다.In addition, when the FO is detected, the NAK message is transmitted to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet through the communication unit, and then enters a selection step to block power transmission to the wireless power receiver.
또한, 상기 FO 검출 장치는 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기에 대응되는 수신기 식별자, 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값, 상기 임계치, 상기 무선 전력 수신기에 대응하여 마지막으로 측정된 상기 현재 품질 인자 값 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 소정 품질 인자 테이블이 기록되는 메모리를 더 포함할 수 있다.The FO detecting apparatus may further include a receiver identifier corresponding to the wireless power receiver transmitting the second packet, the second reference quality factor value, the threshold value, and the current quality factor value last measured in response to the wireless power receiver. The memory device may further include a memory in which a predetermined quality factor table including at least one of the memory data is recorded.
또한, 상기 무선 전력 수신기가 재접속된 경우, 상기 품질 인자 테이블을 참조하여 상기 검출부가 FO를 검출할 수 있다.In addition, when the wireless power receiver is reconnected, the detector may detect the FO by referring to the quality factor table.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예는 상기 FO 검출 방법들 중 어느 하나의 방법을 실행시키기 위한 프로그램을 기록한 컴퓨터로 읽을 수 있는 기록매체가 제공될 수 있다.According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable recording medium may be provided that records a program for executing any one of the FO detection methods.
상기 본 발명의 양태들은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예들 중 일부에 불과하며, 본원 발명의 기술적 특징들이 반영된 다양한 실시예들이 당해 기술분야의 통상적인 지식을 가진 자에 의해 이하 상술할 본 발명의 상세한 설명을 기반으로 도출되고 이해될 수 있다.The above aspects of the present invention are only some of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and various embodiments in which the technical features of the present invention are reflected will be described in detail below by those skilled in the art. Can be derived and understood.
본 발명에 따른 방법, 장치 및 시스템에 대한 효과에 대해 설명하면 다음과 같다.The effects on the method, apparatus and system according to the present invention are described as follows.
본 발명은 무선 충전을 위한 FO 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템을 제공하는 장점이 있다.The present invention has the advantage of providing a method for detecting FO for wireless charging and apparatus and system therefor.
또한, 본 발명은 무선 전력 수신기로부터 수신된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 무선 전력 송신기를 제공하는 장점이 있다.In addition, the present invention has the advantage of providing a wireless power transmitter for detecting the FO based on the second reference quality factor value received from the wireless power receiver.
또한, 본 발명은 무선 전력 송신기의 구성 인자에 대응하여 적응적으로 FO 검출을 위한 임계치를 결정함으로써 FO가 검출되지 않는 것을 미연에 방지하는 것이 가능한 FO 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 및 시스템을 제공하는 장점이 있다.In addition, the present invention provides an FO detection method and an apparatus and system therefor capable of preventing the FO from being detected by adaptively determining a threshold for FO detection in response to a configuration factor of the wireless power transmitter. There is this.
또한, 본 발명은 FO 검출 오류를 최소화시키는 장점이 있을 뿐만 아니라 이를 통해 불필요한 전력 낭비 및 장비 손상을 최소화시킬 수 있는 효과를 기대할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention not only has an advantage of minimizing the FO detection error, but can also expect the effect of minimizing unnecessary power waste and equipment damage.
본 발명에서 얻을 수 있는 효과는 이상에서 언급한 효과들로 제한되지 않으며, 언급하지 않은 또 다른 효과들은 아래의 기재로부터 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.The effects obtainable in the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned above may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. will be.
도 1은 본 발명에 일 실시예에 따른 무선 충전 시스템을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명에 다른 실시예에 따른 무선 충전 시스템을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 충전 시스템에서의 감지 신호 전송 절차를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 WPC 표준에 정의된 무선 전력 전송 절차를 설명하기 위한 상태 천이도이다.4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC standard.
도 5는 WPC(Qi) 표준에 정의된 무선 전력 전송 절차를 설명하기 위한 상태 천이도이다.5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC (Qi) standard.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기의 구조를 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 7은 상기 도 6에 따른 무선 전력 송신기와 연동되는 무선 전력 수신기의 구조를 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
도 8은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 신호의 변조 및 복조 방법을 설명하기 위한 도면이다.8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 9는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른, 패킷 포맷을 설명하기 위한 도면이다.9 is a diagram for describing a packet format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 10은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 WPC(Qi) 표준에 정의된 패킷의 종류를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.10 is a view for explaining the types of packets defined in the WPC (Qi) standard according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 11a 내지 도 11d는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 상태 패킷의 메시지 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.11A to 11D are diagrams for explaining a message structure of a FOD status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 12는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.12 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 13은 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.13 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 14는 본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.14 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 15는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 품질 인자 테이블을 보여준다.15 shows a quality factor table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 16은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 장치의 구성을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 17은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.17 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 18은 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.18 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 19는 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 장치의 구성을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.19 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기에서의 FO(Foreign Object) 검출 방법은 제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 포함된 제2 패킷을 수신하는 단계와 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 이용하여 임계치를 결정하는 단계와 현재 품질 인자 값을 측정하는 단계와 상기 임계치와 상기 현재 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 단계를 포함할 수 있다.In a method of detecting a foreign object (FO) in a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value and using a second reference quality factor value, Determining, measuring a current quality factor value, and detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value.
이하, 본 발명의 실시예들이 적용되는 장치 및 다양한 방법들에 대하여 도면을 참조하여 보다 상세하게 설명한다. 이하의 설명에서 사용되는 구성요소에 대한 접미사 "모듈" 및 "부"는 명세서 작성의 용이함만이 고려되어 부여되거나 혼용되는 것으로서, 그 자체로 서로 구별되는 의미 또는 역할을 갖는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, an apparatus and various methods to which embodiments of the present invention are applied will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The suffixes "module" and "unit" for components used in the following description are given or used in consideration of ease of specification, and do not have distinct meanings or roles from each other.
실시예의 설명에 있어서, 각 구성 요소의 " 상(위) 또는 하(아래)"에 형성되는 것으로 기재되는 경우에 있어, 상(위) 또는 하(아래)는 두개의 구성 요소들이 서로 직접 접촉되거나 하나 이상의 또 다른 구성 요소가 두 개의 구성 요소들 사이에 배치되어 형성되는 것을 모두 포함한다. 또한 “상(위) 또는 하(아래)”으로 표현되는 경우 하나의 구성 요소를 기준으로 위쪽 방향뿐만 아니라 아래쪽 방향의 의미도 포함할 수 있다.In the description of the embodiments, where it is described as being formed on the "top" or "bottom" of each component, the top (bottom) or the bottom (bottom) is the two components are in direct contact with each other or One or more other components are all included disposed between the two components. In addition, when expressed as "up (up) or down (down)" may include the meaning of the down direction as well as the up direction based on one component.
실시예의 설명에 있어서, 무선 충전 시스템상에서 무선 전력을 송신하는 기능이 탑재된 장치는 설명의 편의를 위해 무선 파워 송신기, 무선 파워 송신 장치, 무선 전력 송신 장치, 무선 전력 송신기, 송신단, 송신기, 송신 장치, 송신측, 무선 파워 전송 장치, 무선 파워 전송기 등을 혼용하여 사용하기로 한다. 또한, 무선 전력 송신 장치로부터 무선 전력을 수신하는 기능이 탑재된 장치에 대한 표현으로 설명의 편의를 위해 무선 전력 수신 장치, 무선 전력 수신기, 무선 파워 수신 장치, 무선 파워 수신기, 수신 단말기, 수신측, 수신 장치, 수신기 등이 혼용되어 사용될 수 있다.In the description of the embodiment, a device equipped with a function for transmitting wireless power on the wireless charging system is a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter, a transmitter for convenience of description. , A transmitter side, a wireless power transmitter, a wireless power transmitter, and the like will be used interchangeably. In addition, as a representation of a device equipped with a function for receiving wireless power from the wireless power transmitter, for convenience of description, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver, a receiver terminal, a receiver, Receivers, receivers and the like can be used interchangeably.
본 발명에 따른 송신기는 패드 형태, 거치대 형태, AP(Access Point) 형태, 소형 기지국 형태, 스텐드 형태, 천장 매립 형태, 벽걸이 형태 등으로 구성될 수 있으며, 하나의 송신기는 복수의 무선 전력 수신 장치에 파워를 전송할 수도 있다. 이를 위해, 송신기는 적어도 하나의 무선 파워 전송 수단을 구비할 수도 있다. 여기서, 무선 파워 전송 수단은 전력 송신단 코일에서 자기장을 발생시켜 그 자기장의 영향으로 수신단 코일에서 전기가 유도되는 전자기유도 원리를 이용하여 충전하는 전자기 유도 방식에 기반한 다양한 무전 전력 전송 표준이 사용될 수 있다. 여기서, 무선파워 전송 수단은 무선 충전 기술 표준 기구인 WPC(Wireless Power Consortium) 및 PMA(Power Matters Alliance)에서 정의된 전자기 유도 방식의 무선 충전 기술을 포함할 수 있다.The transmitter according to the present invention may be configured in a pad form, a cradle form, an access point (AP) form, a small base station form, a stand form, a ceiling buried form, a wall hanging form, and the like. You can also transfer power. To this end, the transmitter may comprise at least one wireless power transmission means. Herein, the wireless power transmission means may use various wireless power transmission standards based on an electromagnetic induction method that generates a magnetic field in the power transmitter coil and charges using the electromagnetic induction principle in which electricity is induced in the receiver coil under the influence of the magnetic field. Here, the wireless power transmission means may include a wireless charging technology of the electromagnetic induction method defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA) which is a wireless charging technology standard apparatus.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 수신기는 적어도 하나의 무선 전력 수신 수단이 구비될 수 있으며, 2개 이상의 송신기로부터 동시에 무선 파워를 수신할 수도 있다. 여기서, 무선 전력 수신 수단은 무선 충전 기술 표준 기구인 WPC(Wireless Power Consortium) 및 PMA(Power Matters Alliance)에서 정의된 전자기 유도 방식의 무선 충전 기술을 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided with at least one wireless power receiving means, and may simultaneously receive wireless power from two or more transmitters. Here, the wireless power receiving means may include an electromagnetic induction wireless charging technology defined by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and the Power Matters Alliance (PMA), which are wireless charging technology standard organizations.
본 발명에 따른 수신기는 휴대폰(mobile phone), 스마트폰(smart phone), 노트북 컴퓨터(laptop computer), 디지털방송용 단말기, PDA(Personal Digital Assistants), PMP(Portable Multimedia Player), 네비게이션, MP3 player, 전동 칫솔, 전자 태그, 조명 장치, 리모콘, 낚시찌, 스마트 워치와 같은 웨어러블 디바이스 등의 소형 전자 기기 등에 사용될 수 있으나, 이에 국한되지는 아니하며 본 발명에 따른 무선 전력 수신 수단이 장착되어 배터리 충전이 가능한 기기라면 족하다. The receiver according to the present invention is a mobile phone, smart phone, laptop computer, digital broadcasting terminal, PDA (Personal Digital Assistants), PMP (Portable Multimedia Player), navigation, MP3 player, electric It may be used in a small electronic device such as a toothbrush, an electronic tag, a lighting device, a remote control, a fishing bobber, a wearable device such as a smart watch, but is not limited thereto. If the device is equipped with a wireless power receiver according to the present invention, the battery can be charged. It is enough.
도 1은 본 발명에 일 실시예에 따른 무선 충전 시스템을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 1을 참조하면, 무선 충전 시스템은 크게 무선으로 전력을 송출하는 무선 전력 송신단(10), 상기 송출된 전력을 수신하는 무선 전력 수신단(20) 및 수신된 전력을 공급 받는 전자기기(20)로 구성될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 1, a wireless charging system includes a wireless power transmitter 10 that largely transmits power wirelessly, a wireless power receiver 20 that receives the transmitted power, and an electronic device 20 that receives the received power. Can be configured.
일 예로, 무선 전력 송신단(10)과 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 무선 전력 전송에 사용되는 동작 주파수와 동일한 주파수 대역을 이용하여 정보를 교환하는 인밴드(In-band) 통신을 수행할 수 있다. 다른 일예로, 무선 전력 송신단(10)과 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 무선 전력 전송에 사용되는 동작 주파수와 상이한 별도의 주파수 대역을 이용하여 정보를 교환하는 대역외(Out-of-band) 통신을 수행할 수도 있다.For example, the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may perform in-band communication for exchanging information using the same frequency band as the operating frequency used for wireless power transmission. In another example, the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 perform out-of-band communication for exchanging information using a separate frequency band different from an operating frequency used for wireless power transmission. It can also be done.
일 예로, 무선 전력 송신단(10)과 무선 전력 수신단(20) 사이에 교환되는 정보는 서로의 상태 정보뿐만 아니라 제어 정보도 포함될 수 있다. 여기서, 송수신단 사이에 교환되는 상태 정보 및 제어 정보는 후술할 실시예들의 설명을 통해 보다 명확해질 것이다.For example, the information exchanged between the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may include control information as well as status information of each other. Here, the status information and control information exchanged between the transmitting and receiving end will be more clear through the description of the embodiments to be described later.
상기 인밴드 통신 및 대역외 통신은 양방향 통신을 제공할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 다른 실시예에 있어서는 단방향 통신 또는 반이중 방식의 통신을 제공할 수도 있다.The in-band communication and the out-of-band communication may provide bidirectional communication, but are not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the in-band communication and the out-of-band communication may provide one-way communication or half-duplex communication.
일 예로, 단방향 통신은 무선 전력 수신단(20)이 무선 전력 송신단(10)으로만 정보를 전송하는 것일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 무선 전력 송신단(10)이 무선 전력 수신단(20)으로 정보를 전송하는 것일 수도 있다. For example, the unidirectional communication may be performed by the wireless power receiver 20 only transmitting information to the wireless power transmitter 10, but is not limited thereto. The wireless power transmitter 10 may transmit information to the wireless power receiver 20. It may be to transmit.
반이중 통신 방식은 무선 전력 수신단(20)과 무선 전력 송신단(10) 사이의 양방향 통신은 가능하나, 어느 한 시점에 어느 하나의 장치에 의해서만 정보 전송이 가능한 특징이 있다. In the half-duplex communication method, bidirectional communication between the wireless power receiver 20 and the wireless power transmitter 10 is possible, but at one time, only one device may transmit information.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 전자 기기(30)의 각종 상태 정보를 획득할 수도 있다. 일 예로, 전자 기기(30)의 상태 정보는 현재 전력 사용량 정보, 실행중인 응용을 식별하기 위한 정보, CPU 사용량 정보, 배터리 충전 상태 정보, 배터리 출력 전압/전류 정보 등을 포함할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 전자 기기(30)로부터 획득 가능하고, 무선 전력 제어에 활용 가능한 정보이면 족하다. The wireless power receiver 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may obtain various state information of the electronic device 30. For example, the state information of the electronic device 30 may include current power usage information, information for identifying a running application, CPU usage information, battery charge status information, battery output voltage / current information, and the like. The information may be obtained from the electronic device 30 and may be utilized for wireless power control.
특히, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신단(10)은 고속 충전 지원 여부를 지시하는 소정 패킷을 무선 전력 수신단(20)에 전송할 수 있다. 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 접속된 무선 전력 송신단(10)이 고속 충전 모드를 지원하는 것으로 확인된 경우, 이를 전자 기기(30)에 알릴 수 있다. 전자 기기(30)는 구비된 소정 표시 수단-예를 들면, 액정 디스플레이일 수 있음-을 통해 고속 충전이 가능함을 표시할 수 있다.In particular, the wireless power transmitter 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may transmit a predetermined packet indicating whether to support fast charging to the wireless power receiver 20. The wireless power receiver 20 may notify the electronic device 30 when it is determined that the connected wireless power transmitter 10 supports the fast charging mode. The electronic device 30 may indicate that fast charging is possible through predetermined display means provided, for example, it may be a liquid crystal display.
또한, 전자 기기(30) 사용자는 액정 표시 수단에 표시된 소정 고속 충전 요청 버튼을 선택하여 무선 전력 송신단(10)이 고속 충전 모드로 동작하도록 제어할 수도 있다. 이 경우, 전자 기기(30)는 사용자에 의해 고속 충전 요청 버튼이 선택되면, 소정 고속 충전 요청 신호를 무선 전력 수신단(20)에 전송할 수 있다. 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 수신된 고속 충전 요청 신호에 상응하는 충전 모드 패킷을 생성하여 무선 전력 송신단(10)에 전송함으로써, 일반 저전력 충전 모드를 고속 충전 모드로 전환시킬 수 있다. In addition, the user of the electronic device 30 may control the wireless power transmitter 10 to operate in the fast charge mode by selecting a predetermined fast charge request button displayed on the liquid crystal display. In this case, when the quick charge request button is selected by the user, the electronic device 30 may transmit a predetermined quick charge request signal to the wireless power receiver 20. The wireless power receiver 20 may convert the normal low power charging mode into the fast charging mode by generating a charging mode packet corresponding to the received fast charging request signal to the wireless power transmitter 10.
도 2는 본 발명에 다른 실시예에 따른 무선 충전 시스템을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.2 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
일 예로, 도면 부호 200a에 도시된 바와 같이, 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 복수의 무선 전력 수신 장치로 구성될 수 있으며, 하나의 무선 전력 송신단(10)에 복수의 무선 전력 수신 장치가 연결되어 무선 충전을 수행할 수도 있다. 이때, 무선 전력 송신단(10)은 시분할 방식으로 복수의 무선 전력 수신 장치에 전력을 분배하여 송출할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며. 다른 일 예로, 무선 전력 송신단(10)은 무선 전력 수신 장치 별 할당된 상이한 주파수 대역을 이용하여 복수의 무선 전력 수신 장치에 전력을 분배하여 송출할 수 있다.For example, as illustrated by reference numeral 200a, the wireless power receiver 20 may be configured with a plurality of wireless power receivers, and a plurality of wireless power receivers are connected to one wireless power transmitter 10 so that the wireless Charging may also be performed. In this case, the wireless power transmitter 10 may distribute and transmit power to the plurality of wireless power receivers in a time division manner, but is not limited thereto. As another example, the wireless power transmitter 10 may distribute and transmit power to a plurality of wireless power receivers by using different frequency bands allocated for each wireless power receiver.
이때, 하나의 무선 전력 송신 장치(10)에 연결 가능한 무선 전력 수신 장치의 개수는 무선 전력 수신 장치 별 요구 전력량, 배터리 충전 상태, 전자 기기의 전력 소비량 및 무선 전력 송신 장치의 가용 전력량 중 적어도 하나에 기반하여 적응적으로 결정될 수 있다.In this case, the number of wireless power receivers that can be connected to one wireless power transmitter 10 may include at least one of a required power amount for each wireless power receiver, a battery charge state, power consumption of an electronic device, and available power amount of the wireless power transmitter. Can be adaptively determined based on the
다른 일 예로, 도면 부호 200b에 도시된 바와 같이, 무선 전력 송신단(10)은 복수의 무선 전력 송신 장치로 구성될 수도 있다. 이 경우, 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 복수의 무선 전력 송신 장치와 동시에 연결될 수 있으며, 연결된 무선 전력 송신 장치들로부터 동시에 전력을 수신하여 충전을 수행할 수도 있다. 이때, 무선 전력 수신단(20)과 연결된 무선 전력 송신 장치의 개수는 무선 전력 수신단(20)의 요구 전력량, 배터리 충전 상태, 전자 기기의 전력 소비량, 무선 전력 송신 장치의 가용 전력량 등에 기반하여 적응적으로 결정될 수 있다.As another example, as shown at 200b, the wireless power transmitter 10 may be configured with a plurality of wireless power transmitters. In this case, the wireless power receiver 20 may be connected to a plurality of wireless power transmitters at the same time, and may simultaneously receive power from the connected wireless power transmitters and perform charging. In this case, the number of wireless power transmitters connected to the wireless power receiver 20 may be adaptively based on the required power of the wireless power receiver 20, the state of charge of the battery, the power consumption of the electronic device, and the available power of the wireless power transmitter. Can be determined.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 충전 시스템에서의 감지 신호 전송 절차를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.3 is a view for explaining a detection signal transmission procedure in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기는 3개의 송신 코일(111, 112, 113)이 장착될 수 있다. 각각의 송신 코일은 일부 영역이 다른 송신 코일과 서로 중첩될 수 있으며, 무선 전력 송신기는 각각의 송신 코일을 통해 무선 전력 수신기의 존재를 감지하기 위한 소정 감지 신호(117, 127)-예를 들면, 디지털 핑 신호-를 미리 정의된 순서로 순차적으로 송출한다.For example, the wireless power transmitter may be equipped with three transmitting coils 111, 112, and 113. Each transmission coil may overlap some other area with another transmission coil, and the wireless power transmitter may detect a predetermined detection signal 117, 127 for detecting the presence of the wireless power receiver through each transmission coil, for example, Digital ping signals are sent sequentially in a predefined order.
상기 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 무선 전력 송신기는 도면 번호 110에 도시된 1차 감지 신호 송출 절차를 통해 감지 신호(117)를 순차적으로 송출하고, 무선 전력 수신기(115)로부터 신호 세기 지시자(Signal Strength Indicator, 116)가 수신된 송신 코일(111, 112)을 식별할 수 있다. 연이어, 무선 전력 송신기는 도면 번호 120에 도시된 2차 감지 신호 송출 절차를 통해 감지 신호(127)를 순차적으로 송출하고, 신호 세기 지시자(126)가 수신된 송신 코일(111, 112) 중 전력 전송 효율(또는 충전 효율)-즉, 송신 코일과 수신 코일 사이의 정렬 상태-이 좋은 송신 코일을 식별하고, 식별된 송신 코일을 통해 전력이 송출되도록-즉, 무선 충전이 이루어지도록- 제어할 수 있다. As shown in FIG. 3, the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 117 through the primary detection signal transmission procedure illustrated in FIG. 110, and receives a signal strength indicator from the wireless power receiver 115. The strength indicator 116 can identify the received transmission coils 111, 112. Subsequently, the wireless power transmitter sequentially transmits the detection signal 127 through the secondary detection signal transmission procedure shown in FIG. 120, and transmits power among the transmission coils 111 and 112 where the signal strength indicator 126 is received. The efficiency (or charging efficiency)-that is, the alignment between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil-can identify a good transmitting coil and control that power can be sent through the identified transmitting coil-i.e. wireless charging is made. .
상기의 도 3에서 보여지는 바와 같이, 무선 전력 송신기가 2회의 감지 신호 송출 절차를 수행하는 이유는 어느 송신 코일에 무선 전력 수신기의 수신 코일이 잘 정렬되어 있는지를 보다 정확하게 식별하기 위함이다.As shown in FIG. 3, the reason why the wireless power transmitter performs two sensing signal transmission procedures is to more accurately identify which transmitting coil is well aligned with the receiving coil of the wireless power receiver.
만약, 상기한 도 3의 도면 번호 110 및 120에 도시된 바와 같이, 제1 송신 코일(111), 제2 송신 코일(112)에 신호 세기 지시자(116, 126)가 수신된 경우, 무선 전력 송신기는 제1 송신 코일(111)과 제2 송신 코일(112) 각각에 수신된 신호 세기 지시자(126)에 기반하여 가장 정렬이 잘된 송신 코일을 선택하고, 선택된 송신 코일을 이용하여 무선 충전을 수행한다. If the signal strength indicators 116 and 126 are received at the first transmission coil 111 and the second transmission coil 112, as shown in the reference numerals 110 and 120 of FIG. 3, the wireless power transmitter. Based on the signal strength indicator 126 received at each of the first transmitting coil 111 and the second transmitting coil 112 selects the best-aligned transmitting coil and performs wireless charging using the selected transmitting coil. .
도 4는 WPC 표준에 정의된 무선 전력 전송 절차를 설명하기 위한 상태 천이도이다.4 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC standard.
도 4를 참조하면, WPC 표준에 따른 송신기로부터 수신기로의 파워 전송은 크게 선택 단계(Selection Phase, 410), 핑 단계(Ping Phase, 420), 식별 및 구성 단계(Identification and Configuration Phase, 430), 전력 전송 단계(Power Transfer Phase, 440) 단계로 구분될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 4, power transmission from a transmitter to a receiver according to the WPC standard is largely selected from a selection phase 410, a ping phase 420, an identification and configuration phase 430, It may be divided into a power transfer phase 440.
선택 단계(410)는 파워 전송을 시작하거나 파워 전송을 유지하는 동안 특정 오류 또는 특정 이벤트가 감지되면, 천이되는 단계일 수 있다. 여기서, 특정 오류 및 특정 이벤트는 이하의 설명을 통해 명확해질 것이다. 또한, 선택 단계(410)에서 송신기는 인터페이스 표면에 물체가 존재하는지를 모니터링할 수 있다. 만약, 송신기가 인터페이스 표면에 물체가 놓여진 것이 감지되면, 핑 단계(420)로 천이할 수 있다(S401). 선택 단계(410)에서 송신기는 매우 짧은 펄스의 아날로그 핑(Analog Ping) 신호를 전송하며, 송신 코일의 전류 변화에 기반하여 인터페이스 표면의 활성 영역(Active Area)에 물체가 존재하는지를 감지할 수 있다. The selection step 410 may be a step of transitioning when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining the power transmission. Here, specific errors and specific events will be apparent from the following description. In addition, in the selection step 410, the transmitter may monitor whether an object exists on the interface surface. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to the ping step 420 (S401). In the selection step 410, the transmitter transmits a very short pulse of an analog ping signal, and may detect whether an object exists in an active area of the interface surface based on a change in current of a transmitting coil.
핑 단계(420)에서 송신기는 물체가 감지되면, 수신기를 활성화시키고, 수신기가 WPC 표준이 호환되는 수신기인지를 식별하기 위한 디지털 핑(Digital Ping)을 전송한다. 핑 단계(420)에서 송신기는 디지털 핑에 대한 응답 시그널-예를 들면, 신호 세기 지시자-을 수신기로부터 수신하지 못하면, 다시 선택 단계(410)로 천이할 수 있다(S402). 또한, 핑 단계(420)에서 송신기는 수신기로부터 파워 전송이 완료되었음을 지시하는 신호-즉, 충전 완료 신호-를 수신하면, 선택 단계(410)로 천이할 수도 있다(S403).In ping step 420, when an object is detected, the transmitter activates the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the receiver is a receiver that is compliant with the WPC standard. If the transmitter does not receive a response signal (for example, a signal strength indicator) from the receiver in response to the digital ping in step 420, it may transition back to the selection step 410 (S402). In addition, in the ping step 420, when the transmitter receives a signal indicating that power transmission is completed, that is, a charging completion signal, from the receiver, the transmitter may transition to the selection step 410 (S403).
핑 단계(420)가 완료되면, 송신기는 수신기 식별 및 수신기 구성 및 상태 정보를 수집하기 위한 식별 및 구성 단계(430)로 천이할 수 있다(S404).When the ping step 420 is completed, the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 for collecting receiver identification and receiver configuration and status information (S404).
식별 및 구성 단계(430)에서 송신기는 원하지 않은 패킷이 수신되거나(unexpected packet), 미리 정의된 시간 동안 원하는 패킷이 수신되지 않거나(time out), 패킷 전송 오류가 있거나(transmission error), 파워 전송 계약이 설정되지 않으면(no power transfer contract) 선택 단계(410)로 천이할 수 있다(S405).In the identification and configuration step 430, the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, a desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, a packet transmission error, or a power transmission contract. If this is not set (no power transfer contract) it may transition to the selection step (410) (S405).
수신기에 대한 식별 및 구성이 완료되면, 송신기는 무선 전력을 전송하는 전력 전송 단계(240)로 천이할 수 있다(S406).When the identification and configuration of the receiver is completed, the transmitter may transition to the power transmission step 240 for transmitting the wireless power (S406).
전력 전송 단계(440)에서, 송신기는 원하지 않은 패킷이 수신되거나(unexpected packet), 미리 정의된 시간 동안 원하는 패킷이 수신되지 않거나(time out), 기 설정된 파워 전송 계약에 대한 위반이 발생되거나(power transfer contract violation), 충전이 완료된 경우, 선택 단계(410)로 천이할 수 있다(S407).In the power transfer step 440, the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, the desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, or a violation of a preset power transfer contract occurs. transfer contract violation), if the filling is completed, the transition to the selection step (410) (S407).
또한, 전력 전송 단계(440)에서, 송신기는 송신기 상태 변화 등에 따라 파워 전송 계약을 재구성할 필요가 있는 경우, 식별 및 구성 단계(430)로 천이할 수 있다(S408).In addition, in the power transmission step 440, if it is necessary to reconfigure the power transmission contract in accordance with the change in the transmitter state, the transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 430 (S408).
상기한 파워 전송 계약은 송신기와 수신기의 상태 및 특성 정보에 기반하여 설정될 수 있다. 일 예로, 송신기 상태 정보는 최대 전송 가능한 파워량에 대한 정보, 최대 수용 가능한 수신기 개수에 대한 정보 등을 포함할 수 있으며, 수신기 상태 정보는 요구 전력에 대한 정보 등을 포함할 수 있다.The power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver. For example, the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
도 5는 WPC(Qi) 표준에 정의된 무선 전력 전송 절차를 설명하기 위한 상태 천이도이다.5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure defined in the WPC (Qi) standard.
도 5를 참조하면, WPC(Qi) 표준에 따른 송신기로부터 수신기로의 파워 전송은 크게 선택 단계(Selection Phase, 510), 핑 단계(Ping Phase, 520), 식별 및 구성 단계(Identification and Configuration Phase, 530), 협상 단계(Negotiation Phase, 540), 보정 단계(Calibration Phase, 550), 전력 전송 단계(Power Transfer Phase, 560) 단계 및 재협상 단계(Renegotiation Phase, 560)로 구분될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 5, power transmission from a transmitter to a receiver according to the WPC (Qi) standard is largely selected as a selection phase 510, a ping phase 520, an identification and configuration phase, and so on. 530, a negotiation phase 540, a calibration phase 550, a power transfer phase 560, and a renegotiation phase 560.
선택 단계(510)는 파워 전송을 시작하거나 파워 전송을 유지하는 동안 특정 오류 또는 특정 이벤트가 감지되면, 천이되는 단계-예를 들면, 도면 부호 S502, S504, S506, S509, S일 수 있다. 여기서, 특정 오류 및 특정 이벤트는 이하의 설명을 통해 명확해질 것이다. 또한, 선택 단계(510)에서 송신기는 인터페이스 표면에 물체가 존재하는지를 모니터링할 수 있다. 만약, 송신기가 인터페이스 표면에 물체가 놓여진 것이 감지되면, 핑 단계(520)로 천이할 수 있다. 선택 단계(510)에서 송신기는 매우 짧은 펄스의 아날로그 핑(Analog Ping) 신호를 전송하며, 송신 코일 또는 1차 코일(Primary Coil)의 전류 변화에 기반하여 인터페이스 표면의 활성 영역(Active Area)에 물체가 존재하는지를 감지할 수 있다. The selection step 510 may be a transition step, for example, S502, S504, S506, S509, S, when a specific error or a specific event is detected while starting or maintaining power transmission. Here, specific errors and specific events will be apparent from the following description. In addition, in the selection step 510, the transmitter may monitor whether an object exists on the interface surface. If the transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to ping step 520. In the selection step 510, the transmitter transmits a very short pulse of an analog ping signal and an object in the active area of the interface surface based on the current change of the transmitting coil or the primary coil. Can detect the presence of
핑 단계(520)에서 송신기는 물체가 감지되면, 수신기를 활성화시키고, 수신기가 WPC 표준이 호환되는 수신기인지를 식별하기 위한 디지털 핑(Digital Ping)을 전송한다. 핑 단계(520)에서 송신기는 디지털 핑에 대한 응답 시그널-예를 들면, 신호 세기 패킷-을 수신기로부터 수신하지 못하면, 다시 선택 단계(510)로 천이할 수 있다. 또한, 핑 단계(520)에서 송신기는 수신기로부터 파워 전송이 완료되었음을 지시하는 신호-즉, 충전 완료 패킷-을 수신하면, 선택 단계(510)로 천이할 수도 있다.In ping step 520, when an object is detected, the transmitter activates the receiver and sends a digital ping to identify whether the receiver is a receiver that is compliant with the WPC standard. If in ping step 520 the transmitter does not receive a response signal (eg, a signal strength packet) to the digital ping from the receiver, it may transition back to selection step 510. Further, in ping step 520, the transmitter may transition to selection step 510 when it receives a signal from the receiver indicating that power transmission is complete, i.e., a charge complete packet.
핑 단계(520)가 완료되면, 송신기는 수신기를 식별하고 수신기 구성 및 상태 정보를 수집하기 위한 식별 및 구성 단계(530)로 천이할 수 있다.Once the ping step 520 is complete, the transmitter may transition to identification and configuration step 530 to identify the receiver and collect receiver configuration and status information.
식별 및 구성 단계(530)에서 송신기는 원하지 않은 패킷이 수신되거나(unexpected packet), 미리 정의된 시간 동안 원하는 패킷이 수신되지 않거나(time out), 패킷 전송 오류가 있거나(transmission error), 파워 전송 계약이 설정되지 않으면(no power transfer contract) 선택 단계(510)로 천이할 수 있다.In the identification and configuration step 530, the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, a desired packet has not been received for a predefined time, a packet transmission error, or a power transmission contract. If this is not set (no power transfer contract) it may transition to selection step 510.
송신기는 식별 및 구성 단계(530)에서 수시된 구성 패킷(Configuration packet)의 협상 필드(Negotiation Field) 값에 기반하여 협상 단계(540)로의 진입이 필요한지 여부를 확인할 수 있다.The transmitter may determine whether entry into the negotiation step 540 is necessary based on a negotiation field value of the configuration packet received in the identification and configuration step 530.
확인 결과, 협상이 필요하면, 송신기는 협상 단계(540)로 진입하여 소정 FOD 검출 절차를 수행할 수 있다.As a result of the check, if negotiation is necessary, the transmitter may enter a negotiation step 540 and perform a predetermined FOD detection procedure.
반면, 확인 결과, 협상이 필요하지 않은 경우, 송신기는 곧바로 전력 전송 단계(560)로 진입할 수도 있다.On the other hand, if the result of the check is that negotiation is not necessary, the transmitter may directly enter the power transmission step 560.
협상 단계(540)에서, 송신기는 기준 품질 인자 값이 포함된 FOD(Foreign Object Detection) 상태 패킷을 수신할 수 있다. 이때, 송신기는 기준 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO 검출을 위한 임계치를 결정할 수 있다.In the negotiation step 540, the transmitter may receive a Foreign Object Detection (FOD) status packet including a reference quality factor value. In this case, the transmitter may determine a threshold for FO detection based on the reference quality factor value.
송신기가 기준 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO 검출을 위한 임계치를 결정하는 다양한 방법들에 대해서는 후술할 도면의 설명을 통해 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Various methods of determining a threshold value for FO detection by the transmitter based on the reference quality factor value will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
송신기는 결정된 임계치 및 현재 측정된 품질 인자 값을 이용하여 충전 영역에 FO가 존재하는지를 검출할 수 있으며, FO 검출 결과에 전력 전송을 제어할 수 있다.The transmitter may detect whether the FO exists in the charging region by using the determined threshold value and the currently measured quality factor value, and may control power transmission in the FO detection result.
일 예로, FO가 검출된 경우, 송신기는 선택 단계(510)로 회귀할 수 있다. 반면, FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 송신기는 보정 단계(550)를 거쳐 전력 전송 단계(560)로 진입할 수도 있다. 상세하게, 송신기는 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 보정 단계(550)에서 송신기는 수신단에 수신된 전력의 세기를 결정하고, 송신단에서 전송한 전력의 세기를 결정하기 위해 수신단과 송신단에서의 전력 손실을 측정할 수 있다. 즉, 송신기는 보정 단계(550)에서 송신단의 송신 파워와 수신단의 수신 파워 사이의 차이에 기반하여 전력 손실을 예측할 수 있다. 일 실시예에 따른 송신기는 예측된 전력 손실을 반영하여 FOD 검출을 위한 임계치를 보정할 수도 있다.As an example, if an FO is detected, the transmitter may return to selection step 510. On the other hand, when the FO is not detected, the transmitter may enter the power transmission step 560 via the correction step 550. In detail, when the FO is not detected, in step 550, the transmitter determines the strength of the power received at the receiving end, and determines the power loss at the receiving end and the transmitting end to determine the strength of the power transmitted at the transmitting end. It can be measured. That is, the transmitter may predict the power loss based on the difference between the transmit power of the transmitter and the receive power of the receiver in the correction step 550. The transmitter according to an embodiment may correct the threshold for FOD detection by reflecting the predicted power loss.
전력 전송 단계(540)에서, 송신기는 원하지 않은 패킷이 수신되거나(unexpected packet), 미리 정의된 시간 동안 원하는 패킷이 수신되지 않거나(time out), 기 설정된 파워 전송 계약에 대한 위반이 발생되거나(power transfer contract violation), 충전이 완료된 경우, 선택 단계(510)로 천이할 수 있다.In power transmission step 540, the transmitter receives an unexpected packet, an outgoing desired packet for a predefined time, or a violation of a predetermined power transmission contract occurs. transfer contract violation), if the filling is complete, transition to selection step 510.
또한, 전력 전송 단계(440)에서, 송신기는 송신기 상태 변화 등에 따라 파워 전송 계약을 재구성할 필요가 있는 경우, 재협상 단계(570)로 천이할 수 있다. 이때, 재협상이 정상적으로 완료되면, 송신기는 전력 전송 단계(560)로 회귀할 수 있다.In addition, in power transmission step 440, the transmitter may transition to renegotiation step 570 if it is necessary to reconfigure the power transmission contract according to a change in the transmitter state. At this time, if the renegotiation is normally completed, the transmitter may return to the power transmission step (560).
상기한 파워 전송 계약은 송신기와 수신기의 상태 및 특성 정보에 기반하여 설정될 수 있다. 일 예로, 송신기 상태 정보는 최대 전송 가능한 파워량에 대한 정보, 최대 수용 가능한 수신기 개수에 대한 정보 등을 포함할 수 있으며, 수신기 상태 정보는 요구 전력에 대한 정보 등을 포함할 수 있다.The power transmission contract may be set based on state and characteristic information of the transmitter and the receiver. For example, the transmitter state information may include information about the maximum amount of power that can be transmitted, information about the maximum number of receivers that can be accommodated, and the receiver state information may include information about required power.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기의 구조를 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 6을 참조하면 무선 전력 송신기(600)는 크게, 전력 변환부(610), 전력 전송부(620), 통신부(630), 제어부(640), 센싱부(650)를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다. 상기한 무선 전력 송신기(600)의 구성은 반드시 필수적인 구성은 아니어서, 그보다 많거나 적은 구성 요소를 포함하여 구성될 수도 있음을 주의해야 한다.Referring to FIG. 6, the wireless power transmitter 600 may largely include a power converter 610, a power transmitter 620, a communication unit 630, a controller 640, and a sensor 650. . It should be noted that the configuration of the wireless power transmitter 600 is not necessarily an essential configuration, and may include more or fewer components.
도 6에 도시된 바와 같이, 전력 변환부(610)는 전원부(660)로부터 전원이 공급되면, 이를 소정 세기의 전력으로 변환하는 기능을 수행할 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 6, when power is supplied from the power supply unit 660, the power converter 610 may perform a function of converting the power into power of a predetermined intensity.
이를 위해, 전력 변환부(610)는 DC/DC 변환부(611), 증폭기(612)를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.To this end, the power converter 610 may include a DC / DC converter 611 and an amplifier 612.
DC/DC 변환부(611)는 전원부(650)로부터 공급된 DC 전력을 제어부(640)의 제어 신호에 따라 특정 세기의 DC 전력으로 변환하는 기능을 수행할 수 있다.The DC / DC converter 611 may perform a function of converting DC power supplied from the power supply unit 650 into DC power of a specific intensity according to a control signal of the controller 640.
이때, 센싱부(650)는 DC 변환된 전력의 전압/전류 등을 측정하여 제어부(640)에 제공할 수 있다. 또한, 센싱부(650)는 과열 발생 여부 판단을 위해 무선 전력 송신기(600)의 내부 온도를 측정하고, 측정 결과를 제어부(640)에 제공할 수도 있다. 일 예로, 제어부(640)는 센싱부(650)에 의해 측정된 전압/전류 값에 기반하여 적응적으로 전원부(650)로부터의 전원 공급을 차단하거나, 증폭기(612)에 전력이 공급되는 것을 차단할 수 있다. 이를 위해, 전력 변환부(610)의 일측에는 전원부(650)로부터 공급되는 전원을 차단하거나, 증폭기(612)에 공급되는 전력을 차단하기 위한 소정 전력 차단 회로가 가 더 구비될 수도 있다.In this case, the sensing unit 650 may measure the voltage / current of the DC-converted power and provide the same to the control unit 640. In addition, the sensing unit 650 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power transmitter 600 to determine whether overheating occurs, and provide the measurement result to the controller 640. For example, the controller 640 may adaptively block power supply from the power supply unit 650 or block power supply to the amplifier 612 based on the voltage / current value measured by the sensing unit 650. Can be. To this end, one side of the power converter 610 may be further provided with a predetermined power cut-off circuit for cutting off the power supplied from the power supply unit 650, or cut off the power supplied to the amplifier 612.
증폭기(612)는 DC/DC 변환된 전력의 세기를 제어부(640)의 제어 신호에 따라 조정할 수 있다. 일 예로, 제어부(640)는 통신부(630)를 통해 무선 전력 수신기의 전력 수신 상태 정보 또는(및) 전력 제어 신호를 수신할 수 있으며, 수신된 전력 수신 상태 정보 또는(및) 전력 제어 신호에 기반하여 증폭기(612)의 증폭률을 동적으로 조정할 수 있다. 일 예로, 전력 수신 상태 정보는 정류기 출력 전압의 세기 정보, 수신 코일에 인가되는 전류의 세기 정보 등을 포함할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다. 전력 제어 신호는 전력 증가를 요청하기 위한 신호, 전력 감소를 요청하기 위한 신호 등을 포함할 수 있다. The amplifier 612 may adjust the intensity of the DC / DC converted power according to the control signal of the controller 640. For example, the controller 640 may receive power reception state information or (and) power control signal of the wireless power receiver through the communication unit 630, and may be based on the received power reception state information or (and) power control signal. The amplification factor of the amplifier 612 can be dynamically adjusted. For example, the power reception state information may include, but is not limited to, strength information of the rectifier output voltage and strength information of a current applied to the receiving coil. The power control signal may include a signal for requesting power increase, a signal for requesting power reduction, and the like.
전력 전송부(620)는 다중화기(621)(또는 멀티플렉서), 송신 코일(622)을 포함하여 구성될 수 있다. 또한, 전력 전송부(620)는 전력 전송을 위한 특정 동작 주파수를 생성하기 위한 반송파 생성기(미도시)를 더 포함할 수도 있다.The power transmitter 620 may include a multiplexer 621 (or a multiplexer) and a transmission coil 622. In addition, the power transmitter 620 may further include a carrier generator (not shown) for generating a specific operating frequency for power transmission.
반송파 생성기는 다중화기(621)를 통해 전달 받은 증폭기(612)의 출력 DC 전력을 특정 주파수를 갖는 AC 전력으로 변환하기 위한 특정 주파수를 생성할 수 있다. 이상의 설명에서는 반송파 생성기에 의해 생성된 교류 신호가 다중화기(621)의 출력단에 믹싱되어 교류 전력이 생성되는 것으로 설명되고 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 다른 일 예는 증폭기(612) 이전단 또는 이후단에 믹싱될 수도 있음을 주의해야 한다. The carrier generator may generate a specific frequency for converting the output DC power of the amplifier 612 received through the multiplexer 621 into AC power having a specific frequency. In the above description, the AC signal generated by the carrier generator is mixed with the output terminal of the multiplexer 621 to generate AC power. However, this is only one embodiment, and the other example is before the amplifier 612. Note that it may be mixed in stages or later.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른각각의 송신 코일에 전달되는 AC 전력의 주파수가 서로 상이할 수도 있음을 주의해야 한다. 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예는 LC 공진 특성을 송신 코일마다 상이하게 조절하는 기능이 구비된 소정 주파수 제어기를 이용하여 각각의 송신 코일 별 공진주파수를 상이하게 설정할 수도 있다.It should be noted that the frequencies of AC power delivered to each transmitting coil in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention may be different. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the resonance frequency of each transmission coil may be set differently by using a predetermined frequency controller having a function of differently adjusting the LC resonance characteristics for each transmission coil.
도 6에 도시된 바와 같이, 전력 전송부(620)는 증폭기(612)의 출력 전력이 송신 코일에 전달되는 것을 제어하기 위한 다중화기(621)와 복수의 송신 코일(622)-즉, 제1 내지 제n 송신 코일-을 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 6, the power transmitter 620 includes a multiplexer 621 and a plurality of transmit coils 622—that is, a first to control the output power of the amplifier 612 to be transmitted to the transmit coil. To n-th transmission coils.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 제어부(640)는 복수의 무선 전력 수신기가 연결된 경우, 송신 코일 별 시분할 다중화를 통해 전력을 전송할 수도 있다. 예를 들어, 무선 전력 송신기(600)에 3개의 무선 전력 수신기-즉, 제1 내지 3 무선 전력 수신기-가 각각 3개의 서로 다른 송신 코일-즉, 제1 내지 3 송신 코일-을 통해 식별된 경우, 제어부(640)는 다중화기(621)를 제어하여, 특정 타임 슬롯에 특정 송신 코일을 전력이 송출될 수 있도록 제어할 수 있다. 이때, 송신 코일 별 할당된 타임 슬롯의 길이에 따라 해당 무선 전력 수신기로 전송되는 전력의 양이 제어될 수 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 다른 일 예는 송신 코일 별 할당된 타일 슬롯 동안의 증폭기(612) 증폭률을 제어하여 무선 전력 수신기 별 송출 전력을 제어할 수도 있다.When a plurality of wireless power receivers are connected, the controller 640 according to an embodiment of the present invention may transmit power through time division multiplexing for each transmission coil. For example, in the wireless power transmitter 600, three wireless power receivers, i.e., the first to third wireless power receivers, are each identified through three different transmitting coils, i.e., the first to third transmitting coils. The controller 640 may control the multiplexer 621 to control power to be transmitted to a specific transmission coil in a specific time slot. In this case, the amount of power transmitted to the corresponding wireless power receiver may be controlled according to the length of the time slot allocated to each transmitting coil, but this is only one embodiment. By controlling the amplification factor of the amplifier 612 of the wireless power receiver may be controlled to transmit power.
제어부(640)는 제1차 감지 신호 송출 절차 동안 제1 내지 제n 송신 코일(622)을 통해 감지 신호가 순차적으로 송출될 수 있도록 다중화기다중화기(621)를 제어할 수 있다. 이때, 제어부(640)는 감지 신호가 전송될 시점을 타이머(655)를 이용하여 식별할 수 있으며, 감신 신호 전송 시점이 도래하면, 다중화기(621)를 제어하여 해당 송신 코일을 통해 감지 신호가 송출될 수 있도록 제어할 수 있다. 일 예로, 타이머(650)는 핑 전송 단계 동안 소정 주기로 특정 이벤트 신호를 제어부(640)에 송출할 수 있으며, 제어부(640)는 해당 이벤트 신호가 감지되면, 다중화기(621)를 제어하여 해당 송신 코일을 통해 디지털 핑이 송출될 수 있도록 제어할 수 있다.The controller 640 may control the multiplexer multiplexer 621 to sequentially transmit the sensing signals through the first to nth transmitting coils 622 during the first sensing signal transmission procedure. At this time, the control unit 640 may identify the time when the detection signal is transmitted using the timer 655. When the transmission signal transmission time arrives, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 to detect the detection signal through the corresponding transmission coil. Can be controlled to be sent. For example, the timer 650 may transmit a specific event signal to the controller 640 at a predetermined period during the ping transmission step. When the corresponding event signal is detected, the controller 640 controls the multiplexer 621 to transmit the specific event signal. The digital ping can be sent through the coil.
또한, 제어부(640)는 제1차 감지 신호 송출 절차 동안 복조부(632)로부터 어느 송신 코일을 통해 신호 세기 지시자(Signal Strength Indicator)가 수신되었는지를 식별하기 위한 소정 송신 코일 식별자 및 해당 송신 코일을 통해 수신된 신호 세기 지시자를 수신할 수 있다. 연이어, 제2차 감지 신호 송출 절차에서 제어부(640)는 제1차 감지 신호 송출 절차 동안 신호 세기 지시자가 수신된 송신 코일(들)을 통해서만 감지 신호가 송출될 수 있도록 다중화기(621)를 제어할 수도 있다. 다른 일 예로, 제어부(640)는 제1차 감지 신호 송출 절차 동안 신호 세기 지시자가 수신된 송신 코일이 복수개인 경우, 가장 큰 값을 갖는 신호 세기 지시자가 수신된 송신 코일을 제2차 감지 신호 송출 절차에서 감지 신호를 가장 먼저 송출할 송신 코일로 결정하고, 결정 결과에 따라 다중화기(621)를 제어할 수도 있다. In addition, the control unit 640 stores a predetermined transmission coil identifier and a corresponding transmission coil for identifying which transmission coil has received a signal strength indicator from the demodulator 632 during the first detection signal transmission procedure. Signal strength indicator received through the can be received. Subsequently, in the second detection signal transmission procedure, the control unit 640 controls the multiplexer 621 so that the detection signal may be transmitted only through the transmission coil (s) in which the signal strength indicator was received during the first detection signal transmission procedure. You may. As another example, the controller 640 transmits the second sensed signal to the transmit coil in which the signal strength indicator having the largest value is received when there are a plurality of transmit coils in which the signal intensity indicator is received during the first sensed signal transmit procedure. In the procedure, the sensing signal may be determined as the transmitting coil to be transmitted first, and the multiplexer 621 may be controlled according to the determination result.
변조부(631)는 제어부(640)에 의해 생성된 제어 신호를 변조하여 다중화기(621)에 전달할 수 있다. 여기서, 제어 신호를 변조하기 위한 변조 방식은 FSK(Frequency Shift Keying) 변조 방식, 맨체스터 코딩(Manchester Coding) 변조 방식, PSK(Phase Shift Keying) 변조 방식, 펄스 폭 변조(Pulse Width Modulation) 방식, 차등 2단계(Differential bi-phase) 변조 방식 등을 포함할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다.The modulator 631 may modulate the control signal generated by the controller 640 and transmit the modulated control signal to the multiplexer 621. Here, the modulation scheme for modulating the control signal is a frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation scheme, a Manchester coding modulation scheme, a PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulation scheme, a pulse width modulation scheme, a differential 2 Differential bi-phase modulation schemes may be included, but is not limited thereto.
복조부(632)는 송신 코일을 통해 수신되는 신호가 감지되면, 감지된 신호를 복조하여 제어부(640)에 전송할 수 있다. 여기서, 복조된 신호에는 신호 세기 지시자, 무선 전력 전송 중 전력 제어를 위한 오류 정정(EC:Error Correction) 지시자, 충전 완료(EOC: End Of Charge) 지시자, 과전압/과전류/과열 지시자 등이 포함될 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 무선 전력 수신기의 상태를 식별하기 위한 각종 상태 정보가 포함될 수 있다.When a signal received through the transmitting coil is detected, the demodulator 632 may demodulate the detected signal and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640. Here, the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, an error correction (EC) indicator for controlling power during wireless power transmission, an end of charge (EOC) indicator, an overvoltage / overcurrent / overheat indicator, and the like. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include various state information for identifying a state of the wireless power receiver.
또한, 복조부(632)는 복조된 신호가 어느 송신 코일로부터 수신된 신호인지를 식별할 수 있으며, 식별된 송신 코일에 상응하는 소정 송신 코일 식별자를 제어부(640)에 제공할 수도 있다. In addition, the demodulator 632 may identify from which transmission coil the demodulated signal is received, and may provide the control unit 640 with a predetermined transmission coil identifier corresponding to the identified transmission coil.
또한, 복조부(632)는 송신 코일(623)을 통해 수신된 신호를 복조하여 제어부(640)에 전달할 수 있다. 일 예로, 복조된 신호는 신호 세기 지시자를 포함할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 복조 신호는 무선 전력 수신기의 각종 상태 정보를 포함할 수 있다.  In addition, the demodulator 632 may demodulate a signal received through the transmission coil 623 and transmit the demodulated signal to the controller 640. For example, the demodulated signal may include a signal strength indicator, but is not limited thereto. The demodulated signal may include various state information of the wireless power receiver.
일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기(600)는 무선 전력 전송에 사용되는 동일한 주파수를 이용하여 무선 전력 수신기와 통신을 수행하는 인밴드(In-Band) 통신을 통해 상기 신호 세기 지시자를 획득할 수 있다.For example, the wireless power transmitter 600 may obtain the signal strength indicator through in-band communication that communicates with the wireless power receiver using the same frequency used for wireless power transmission.
또한, 무선 전력 송신기(600)는 송신 코일(622)을 이용하여 무선 전력을 송출할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 송신 코일(622)을 통해 무선 전력 수신기와 각종 정보를 교환할 수도 있다. 다른 일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기(600)는 송신 코일(622)-즉, 제1 내지 제n 송신 코일)에 각각 대응되는 별도의 코일을 추가로 구비하고, 구비된 별도의 코일을 이용하여 무선 전력 수신기와 인밴드 통신을 수행할 수도 있음을 주의해야 한다.In addition, the wireless power transmitter 600 may not only transmit wireless power using the transmission coil 622 but also exchange various information with the wireless power receiver through the transmission coil 622. As another example, the wireless power transmitter 600 further includes a separate coil corresponding to each of the transmission coils 622 (that is, the first to nth transmission coils), and wireless power using the separate coils provided. Note that in-band communication with the receiver may also be performed.
이상이 도 6의 설명에서는 무선 전력 송신기(600)와 무선 전력 수신기가 인밴드 통신을 수행하는 것을 예를 들어 설명하고 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 무선 전력 신호 전송에 사용되는 주파수 대역과 상이한 주파수 대역을 통해 근거리 양방향 통신을 수행할 수 있다. 일 예로, 근거리 양방향 통신은 저전력 블루투스 통신, RFID 통신, UWB 통신, 지그비 통신 중 어느 하나일 수 있다.In the description of FIG. 6, the wireless power transmitter 600 and the wireless power receiver perform in-band communication by way of example. However, this is only one embodiment, and is a frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission. Short-range bidirectional communication may be performed through a frequency band different from that of FIG. For example, the short-range bidirectional communication may be any one of low power Bluetooth communication, RFID communication, UWB communication, and Zigbee communication.
특히, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기(600)는 무선 전력 수신기의 요청에 따라 고속 충전 모드 및 일반 저전력 충전 모드를 적응적으로 제공할할 수도 있다.In particular, the wireless power transmitter 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention may adaptively provide a fast charging mode and a general low power charging mode according to a request of the wireless power receiver.
무선 전력 송신기(600)는 고속 충전 모드가 지원 가능한 경우, 소정 패턴의 신호-이하 설명의 편의를 위해, 제1 패킷이라 명함-를 송출할 수 있다. 무선 전력 수신기(600)는 제1 패킷이 수신되면, 접속중인 무선 전력 송신기(600)가 고속 충전이 가능함을 식별할 수 있다. When the fast charging mode is supported, the wireless power transmitter 600 may transmit a signal of a predetermined pattern-a business card called a first packet-for convenience of description. When the first packet is received, the wireless power receiver 600 may identify that the wireless power transmitter 600 being connected is capable of fast charging.
특히, 무선 전력 수신기는 고속 충전이 필요한 경우, 고속 충전을 요청하는 소정 제1 응답 패킷을 무선 전력 송신기(6000에 전송할 수 있다.In particular, when fast charging is required, the wireless power receiver may transmit a predetermined first response packet requesting fast charging to the wireless power transmitter 6000.
특히, 무선 전력 송신기(600)는 상기 제1 응답 패킷이 수신 후 소정 시간이 경과하면, 자동으로 고속 충전 모드로 전환하여 고속 충전을 개시할 수 있다.In particular, when a predetermined time elapses after the first response packet is received, the wireless power transmitter 600 may automatically switch to the fast charging mode and start fast charging.
일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기(600)의 제어부(640)는 상기한 도 4 내지 도 5의 전력 전송 단계(440 또는 540)로 천이한 경우, 제1 패킷이 송신 코일(622)을 통해 송출되도록 제어할 수 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 본 발명의 다른 일 예는 상기 도 4의 식별 및 구성 단계(430) 또는 도 5의 식별 단계(530)에서 제1 패킷이 송출될 수도 있다.For example, when the control unit 640 of the wireless power transmitter 600 transitions to the power transmission step 440 or 540 of FIGS. 4 to 5, the first packet is transmitted through the transmission coil 622. However, this is only one embodiment, and in another embodiment of the present invention, the first packet may be sent in the identification and configuration step 430 of FIG. 4 or the identification step 530 of FIG. 5.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예는 무선 전력 송신기(600)가 송출하는 디지털 핑 신호에 고속 충전 지원 가능 여부를 식별할 수 있는 정보가 인코딩되어 전송될 수도 있음을 주의해야 한다.It should be noted that according to another embodiment of the present invention, information for identifying whether fast charging is supported may be encoded and transmitted in the digital ping signal transmitted by the wireless power transmitter 600.
무선 전력 수신기는 전력 전송 단계의 어느 시점에서든 고속 충전이 필요하면, 충전 모드가 고속 충전으로 설정된 소정 충전 모드 패킷을 무선 전력 송신기(600)에 전송할 수도 있다. 여기서, 충전 모드 패킷의 세부 구성은 후술할 도 8 내지 12의 설명을 통해 보다 명확히 하도록 한다.물론, 무선 전력 송신기(600)와 무선 전력 수신기는 충전 모드가 고속 충전 모드로 변경된 경우, 고속 충전 모드에 상응하는 전력이 송출 및 수신 가능할 수 있도록 내부 동작을 제어할 수 있다. 일 예로, 충전 모드가 일반 저전력 충전 모드에서 고속 충전 모드로 변경된 경우, 과전압(Over Voltage) 판단 기준, 과열(Over Temperature) 판단 기준, 저전압(Low Voltage)/고전압(High Voltage) 판단 기준, 최적 전압 레벨(Optimum Voltage Level), 전력 제어 옵셋 등의 값이 변경 설정될 수 있다. If the wireless power receiver needs fast charging at any point in the power transmission step, the wireless power receiver may transmit a predetermined charging mode packet to the wireless power transmitter 600 in which the charging mode is set to fast charging. Here, the detailed configuration of the charging mode packet will be more clearly through the description of FIGS. 8 to 12 to be described later. Of course, if the wireless power transmitter 600 and the wireless power receiver are changed to the fast charging mode, the fast charging mode is used. The internal operation can be controlled so that the corresponding power can be transmitted and received. For example, when the charging mode is changed from the normal low power charging mode to the fast charging mode, the over voltage judgment criteria, the over temperature judgment criteria, the low voltage / high voltage judgment criteria, the optimum voltage Values such as level (Optimum Voltage Level), power control offset, etc. may be changed and set.
일 예로, 충전 모드가 일반 저전력 충전 모드에서 고속 충전 모드로 변경된 경우, 과전압(Over Voltage) 판단을 위한 임계 전압이 고속 충전이 가능하도록 높게 설정될 수 있다. 또 다른 일 예로, 과열 발생 여부를 판단하기 임계 온도가 고속 충전에 따른 온도 상승을 고려하여 높게 설정될 수 있다. 또 다른 일 예로, 송신단에서의 전력이 제어되는 최소 레벨을 의미하는 전력 제어 옵셋 값은 고속 충전 모드에서 빠르게 원하는 목표 전력 레벨로 수렴 가능하도록 일반 저전력 충전 모드에 비해 큰 값으로 설정될 수도 있다.For example, when the charging mode is changed from the normal low power charging mode to the fast charging mode, the threshold voltage for determining the overvoltage may be set to be high to enable fast charging. As another example, the threshold temperature may be set to be high in consideration of the temperature rise due to the fast charging. As another example, the power control offset value, which means the minimum level at which power is controlled at the transmitting end, may be set to a larger value than the general low power charging mode so as to quickly converge to a desired target power level in the fast charging mode.
도 7은 상기 도 6에 따른 무선 전력 송신기와 연동되는 무선 전력 수신기의 구조를 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless power receiver interworking with the wireless power transmitter according to FIG. 6.
도 7을 참조하면, 무선 전력 수신기(700)는 수신 코일(710), 정류기(720), 직류/직류 변환기(DC/DC Converter, 730), 부하(740), 센싱부(750), 통신부(760), 주제어부(770)를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다. 여기서, 통신부(760)는 복조부(761) 및 변조부(762)를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 7, the wireless power receiver 700 includes a receiving coil 710, a rectifier 720, a DC / DC converter 730, a load 740, a sensing unit 750, and a communication unit ( 760), and may include a main controller 770. Here, the communication unit 760 may include a demodulator 761 and a modulator 762.
상기한 도 7의 예에 도시된 무선 전력 수신기(700)는 인밴드 통신을 통해 무선 전력 송신기(600)와 정보를 교환할 수 있는 것으로 도시되어 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 통신부(760)는 무선 전력 신호 전송에 사용되는 주파수 대역과는 상이한 주파수 대역을 통해 근거리 양방향 통신을 제공할 수도 있다. Although the wireless power receiver 700 illustrated in the example of FIG. 7 is illustrated as being capable of exchanging information with the wireless power transmitter 600 through in-band communication, this is only one embodiment. The communication unit 760 according to another embodiment may provide short-range bidirectional communication through a frequency band different from the frequency band used for wireless power signal transmission.
수신 코일(710)을 통해 수신된 AC 전력은 정류부(720)에 전달할 수 있다. 정류기(720)는 AC 전력을 DC 전력으로 변환하여 직류/직류 변환기(730)에 전송할 수 있다. 직류/직류 변환기(730)는 정류기 출력 DC 전력의 세기를 부하(740)에 의해 요구되는 특정 세기로 변환한 후 부하(740)에 전달할 수 있다.The AC power received through the receiving coil 710 may be transferred to the rectifier 720. The rectifier 720 may convert AC power into DC power and transmit the DC power to the DC / DC converter 730. The DC / DC converter 730 may convert the strength of the rectifier output DC power into a specific intensity required by the load 740 and then transfer it to the load 740.
센싱부(750)는 정류기(720) 출력 DC 전력의 세기를 측정하고, 이를 주제어부(770)에 제공할 수 있다. 또한, 센싱부(750)는 무선 전력 수신에 따라 수신 코일(710)에 인가되는 전류의 세기를 측정하고, 측정 결과를 주제어부(770)에 전송할 수도 있다. 또한, 센싱부(750)는 무선 전력 수신기(700)의 내부 온도를 측정하고, 측정된 온도 값을 주제어부(770)에 제공할 수도 있다. The sensing unit 750 may measure the intensity of the rectifier 720 output DC power and provide the same to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the strength of the current applied to the receiving coil 710 according to the wireless power reception, and may transmit the measurement result to the main controller 770. In addition, the sensing unit 750 may measure the internal temperature of the wireless power receiver 700 and provide the measured temperature value to the main controller 770.
일 예로, 주제어부(770)는 측정된 정류기 출력 DC 전력의 세기가 소정 기준치 와 비교하여 과전압 발생 여부를 판단할 수 있다. 판단 결과, 과전압이 발생된 경우, 과전압이 발생되었음을 알리는 소정 패킷을 생성하여 변조부(762)에 전송할 수 있다. 여기서, 변조부(762)에 의해 변조된 신호는 수신 코일(710) 또는 별도의 코일(미도시)을 통해 무선 전력 송신기(600)에 전송될 수 있다. 또한, 주제어부(770)는 정류기 출력 DC 전력의 세기가 소정 기준치 이상인 경우, 감지 신호가 수신된 것으로 판단할 수 있으며, 감지 신호 수신 시, 해당 감지 신호에 대응되는 신호 세기 지시자가 변조부(762)를 통해무선 전력 송신기(600)에 전송될 수 있도록 제어할 수 있다.다른 일 예로, 복조부(761)는 수신 코일(710)과 정류기(720) 사이의AC 전력 신호 또는 정류기(720) 출력 DC 전력 신호를 복조하여 감지 신호의 수신 여부를 식별한 후 식별 결과를 주제어부(770)에 제공할 수 있다. 이때, 주제어부(770)는 감지 신호에 대응되는 신호 세기 지시자가 변조부(761)를 통해 전송될 수 있도록 제어할 수 있다.As an example, the main controller 770 may determine whether the overvoltage is generated by comparing the measured intensity of the rectifier output DC power with a predetermined reference value. As a result of the determination, when the overvoltage is generated, a predetermined packet indicating that the overvoltage has occurred may be generated and transmitted to the modulator 762. Here, the signal modulated by the modulator 762 may be transmitted to the wireless power transmitter 600 through the receiving coil 710 or a separate coil (not shown). In addition, when the intensity of the rectifier output DC power is greater than or equal to a predetermined reference value, the main controller 770 may determine that a sensing signal has been received. When the sensing signal is received, a signal strength indicator corresponding to the sensing signal may be modulated. In another example, the demodulator 761 may output an AC power signal or a rectifier 720 between the receiving coil 710 and the rectifier 720. After demodulating the DC power signal to identify whether the detection signal is received, the identification result may be provided to the main controller 770. In this case, the main controller 770 may control the signal strength indicator corresponding to the detection signal to be transmitted through the modulator 761.
특히, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 주제어부(770)는 복조부(760)에 의해 복조된 정보에 기반하여 접속된 무선 전력 송신기가 고속 충전이 가능한 무선 전력 송신기인지 여부를 판단할 수도 있다. In particular, the main controller 770 according to an embodiment of the present invention may determine whether the connected wireless power transmitter is a wireless power transmitter capable of fast charging based on the information demodulated by the demodulator 760.
또한, 주제어부(770)는 상기 도 1의 전자 기기(30)로부터 고속 충전을 요청하는 소정 고속 충전 요청 신호가 수신된 경우, 수신된 고속 충전 요청 신호에 대응되는 충전 모드 패킷을 생성하여 변조부(761)에 전송할 수 있다. 여기서, 전자 기기로부터의 고속 충전 요청 신호는 소정 사용자 인터페이스상에서의 사용자 메뉴 선택에 따라 수신될 수 있다.In addition, when a predetermined fast charge request signal for requesting fast charge is received from the electronic device 30 of FIG. 1, the main control unit 770 generates a charge mode packet corresponding to the received fast charge request signal and modulator. Can be sent to (761). Here, the fast charge request signal from the electronic device may be received according to a user menu selection on a predetermined user interface.
본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 주제어부(770)는 접속된 무선 전력 송신기가 고속 충전 모드를 지원하는 것이 확인된 경우, 배터리 잔량에 기반하여 자동으로 무선 전력 송신기에 고속 충전을 요청하거나 무선 전력 송신기가 고속 충전을 중단하고 일반 저전력 충전 모드로 전환하도록 제어할 수도 있다.When the main controller 770 according to another embodiment of the present invention determines that the connected wireless power transmitter supports the fast charging mode, the main controller 770 automatically requests the wireless power transmitter for fast charging or wireless power based on the remaining battery power. You can also control the transmitter to stop fast charging and switch to normal low power charging mode.
또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 주제어부(770)는 일반 저전력 충전 모드로의 충전 중 전기 기기의 소비 전력을 실시간 모니터링할 수도 있다. 만약, 전자 기기의 소비 전력이 소정 기준치 이상인 경우, 주제어부(770)는 고속 충전 모드로의 전환을 요청하는 소정 충전 모드 패킷을 생성하여 변조부(761)에 전송할 수도 있다.According to another embodiment, the main controller 770 may monitor the power consumption of the electric device in real time during charging in the general low power charging mode. If the power consumption of the electronic device is greater than or equal to a predetermined reference value, the main controller 770 may generate a predetermined charging mode packet for requesting switching to the fast charging mode and transmit the generated charging mode packet to the modulator 761.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 주제어부(770)는 센싱부(750)에 의해 측정된 내부 온도 값을 소정 기준치와 비교하여 과열 발생 여부를 판단할 수 있다. 만약, 고속 충전 중 과열이 발생된 경우, 주제어부(770)는 무선 전력 송신기가 일반 저전력 충전 모드로 전환하도록 충전 모드 패킷을 생성하여 전송할 수도 있다.The main control unit 770 according to another embodiment of the present invention may determine whether overheating occurs by comparing the internal temperature value measured by the sensing unit 750 with a predetermined reference value. If overheating occurs during fast charging, the main controller 770 may generate and transmit a charging mode packet so that the wireless power transmitter switches to the normal low power charging mode.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 주제어부(770)는 배터리 충전률, 내부 온도, 정류기 출력 전압의 세기, 전자 기기에 탑재된 CPU 사용율, 사용자 메뉴 선택 중 적어도 하나에 기반하여 충전 모드의 변경이 필요한지 여부를 판단하고, 상기 판단 결과, 상기 충전 모드의 변경이 필요하면, 상기 변경할 충전 모드 값이 포함된 충전 모드 패킷을 생성하여 상기 무선 전력 송신기에 전송할 수도 있다.According to another embodiment of the present invention, the main controller 770 may change the charging mode based on at least one of a battery charge rate, an internal temperature, a strength of the rectifier output voltage, a CPU usage rate mounted on the electronic device, and a user menu selection. If it is necessary to determine whether, and as a result of the determination, it is necessary to change the charging mode, it is possible to generate a charging mode packet including the change of the charging mode value and transmit to the wireless power transmitter.
도 8은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 신호의 변조 및 복조 방법을 설명하기 위한 도면이다.8 is a diagram for describing a method of modulating and demodulating a wireless power signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 8의 도면 번호 810에 도시된 바와 같이, 무선 전력 송신단(10)과 무선 전력 수신단(20)은 동일한 주기를 가지는 내부 클라 시그널에 기반하여 전송 대상 패킷을 인코딩하거나 디코딩할 수 있다.As shown in reference numeral 810 of FIG. 8, the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may encode or decode a transmission target packet based on an internal clock signal having the same period.
이하에서는 상기 도 1 내지 도 8을 참조하여, 전송 대상 패킷의 인코딩 방법을 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, a method of encoding a transmission target packet will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.
상기 도 1을 참조하면, 무선 전력 송신단(10) 또는 무선 전력 수신단(20)가 특정 패킷을 전송하지 않는 경우, 무선 전력 신호는 도 1의 도면 번호 41에 도시된 바와 같이, 특정 주파수를 가진 변조되지 않은 교류 신호일 수 있다. 반면, 무선 전력 송신단(10) 또는 무선 전력 수신단(20)이 특정 패킷을 전송하는 경우, 무선 전력 신호는 도 1의 도면 번호 42에 도시된 바와 같이, 특정 변조 방식으로 변조된 교류 신호일 수 있다. 일 예로, 변조 방식은 진폭 변조 방식, 주파수 변조 방식, 주파수 및 진폭 변조 방식, 위상 변조 방식 등을 포함할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다.Referring to FIG. 1, when the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 does not transmit a specific packet, the wireless power signal is modulated with a specific frequency, as shown by reference numeral 41 of FIG. 1. AC signal may not be. On the other hand, when the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 transmits a specific packet, the wireless power signal may be an AC signal modulated by a specific modulation scheme as shown in FIG. For example, the modulation scheme may include, but is not limited to, an amplitude modulation scheme, a frequency modulation scheme, a frequency and amplitude modulation scheme, a phase modulation scheme, and the like.
무선 전력 송신단(10) 또는 무선 전력 수신단(20)에 의해 생성된 패킷의 이진 데이터는 도면 번호 820과 같이 차등 2단계 인코딩(Differential bi-phase encoding) 이 적용될 수 있다. 상세하게, 차등 2단계 인코딩은 데이터 비트 1을 인코딩하기 위하여 두 번의 상태 전이(transitions)를 갖도록 하고, 데이터 비트 0을 인코딩하기 위하여 한 번의 상태 전이를 갖도록 한다. 즉, 데이터 비트 1은 상기 클럭 신호의 상승 에지(rising edge) 및 하강 에지(falling edge)에서 HI 상태 및 LO 상태간의 전이가 발생하도록 인코딩된 것이고, 데이터 비트 0은 상기 클럭 신호의 상승 에지에서 HI 상태 및 LO 상태간의 전이가 발생하도록 인코딩된 것일 수 있다.Differential bi-phase encoding may be applied to binary data of a packet generated by the wireless power transmitter 10 or the wireless power receiver 20 as shown in FIG. Specifically, differential two-stage encoding allows two state transitions to encode data bit 1 and one state transition to encode data bit zero. That is, data bit 1 is encoded such that a transition between a HI state and a LO state occurs at a rising edge and a falling edge of the clock signal, and data bit 0 is HI at the rising edge of the clock signal. The transition between state and LO state may be encoded to occur.
인코딩된 이진 데이터는 상기 도면 번호 830에 도시된 바와 같은, 바이트 인코딩 기법이 적용될 수 있다. 도면 번호 830을 참조하면, 일 실시예에 따른 바이트 인코딩 기법은 8비트의 인코딩된 이진 비트 스트림에 대해 해당 비트 스트림의 시작과 종류를 식별하기 위한 시작 비트(Start Bit) 및 종료 비트(Stop Bit), 해당 비트 스트림(바이트)의 오류 발생 여부를 감지하기 위한 페리티 비트(Parity Bit)가 삽입하는 방법일 수 있다.The encoded binary data may be applied with a byte encoding scheme, as shown at 830. Referring to FIG. 830, the byte encoding scheme according to an embodiment includes a start bit and a stop bit for identifying a start and type of a corresponding bit stream for an 8-bit encoded binary bit stream. The method may be a method of inserting a parity bit for detecting whether an error of a corresponding bit stream (byte) occurs.
도 9는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른, 패킷 포맷을 설명하기 위한 도면이다.9 is a diagram for describing a packet format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 9를 참조하면, 무선 전력 송신단(10)과 무선 전력 수신단(20) 사이의 정보 교환에 사용되는 패킷 포맷(900)은 해당 패킷의 복조를 위한 동기 획득 및 해당 패킷의 정확한 시작 비트를 식별하기 위한 프리엠블(Preamble, 910) 필드, 해당 패킷에 포함된 메시지의 종류를 식별하기 위한 헤더(Header, 920) 필드, 해당 패킷의 내용(또는 페이로드(Payload))를 전송하기 위한 메시지(Message, 930) 필드 및 해당 패킷에 오류가 발생되었는지 여부를 식별하기 위한 체크썸(Checksum, 940) 필드를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 9, a packet format 900 used for information exchange between the wireless power transmitter 10 and the wireless power receiver 20 may be used for acquiring synchronization for demodulating the packet and identifying the correct start bit of the packet. Preamble (910) field, a header (Header, 920) field for identifying the type of the message included in the packet, a message for transmitting the contents (or payload) of the packet (Message, 930) field and a checksum (940) field for identifying whether an error has occurred in the corresponding packet.
도 9에 도시된 바와 같이, 패킷 수신단은 헤더(920) 값에 기반하여 해당 패킷에 포함된 메시지(930)의 크기를 식별할 수도 있다.As shown in FIG. 9, the packet receiving end may identify the size of the message 930 included in the packet based on the header 920 value.
또한, 헤더(920)는 무선 전력 전송 절차의 각 단계별로 정의될 수 있으며, 일부, 헤더(920) 값은 서로 다른 단계에서 동일한 값이 정의될 수도 있다. 일 예로, 도 9를 참조하면, 핑 단계의 전력 전송 종료(End Power Transfer) 및 전력 전송 단계의 전력 전송 종료에 대응되는 헤더 값은 0x02로 동일할 수 있음을 주의해야 한다.In addition, the header 920 may be defined in each step of the wireless power transfer procedure, and in some, the same value may be defined in different steps of the header 920. For example, referring to FIG. 9, it should be noted that the header values corresponding to the end power transfer of the ping step and the end of the power transfer of the power transfer step may be equal to 0x02.
메시지(930)는 해당 패킷의 송신단에서 전송하고자 하는 데이터를 포함한다. 일 예로, 메시지(930) 필드에 포함되는 데이터는 상대방에 대한 보고 사항(report), 요청 사항(request) 또는 응답 사항(response)일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다.The message 930 includes data to be transmitted at the transmitting end of the packet. For example, the data included in the message 930 field may be a report, a request, or a response to the counterpart, but is not limited thereto.
본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 패킷(900)은 해당 패킷을 전송한 송신단을 식별하기 위한 송신단 식별 정보, 해당 패킷을 수신할 수신단을 식별하기 위한 수신단 식별 정보 중 적어도 하나가 더 포함될 수도 있다. 여기서, 송신단 식별 정보 및 수신단 식별 정보는 IP 주소 정보, MAC 주소 정보, 제품 식별 정보 등을 포함할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 무선 충전 시스템상에서 수신단 및 송신단을 구분할 수 있는 정보이면 족하다.The packet 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include at least one of a transmitter identification information for identifying a transmitter that transmitted the packet and a receiver identification information for identifying a receiver for receiving the packet. Here, the transmitter identification information and the receiver identification information may include IP address information, MAC address information, product identification information, and the like, but are not limited thereto and may be information capable of distinguishing a receiver and a transmitter from a wireless charging system.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 패킷(900)은 해당 패킷이 복수의 장치에 의해 수신되어야 하는 경우, 해당 수신 그룹을 식별하기 위한 소정 그룹 식별 정보가 더 포함될 수도 있다.The packet 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include predetermined group identification information for identifying the corresponding reception group when the packet is to be received by a plurality of devices.
도 10은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 수신기에서 무선 전력 송신기로 전송되는 패킷의 종류를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.FIG. 10 is a diagram for describing types of packets transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 10을 참조하면, 무선 전력 수신기에서 무선 전력 송신기로 전송하는 패킷은 감지된 핑 신호의 세기 정보를 전송하기 위한 신호 세기(Signal Strength) 패킷, 송신기가 전력 전송을 중단하도록 요청하기 위한 전력 전송 종류(End Power Transfer), 제어 제어를 위한 제어 오류 패킷 수신 후 실제 전력을 조정하기까지 대기하는 시간 정보를 전송하기 위한 전력 제어 보류(Power Control Hold-off) 패킷, 수신기의 구성 정보를 전송하기 위한 구성 패킷, 수신기 식별 정보를 전송하기 위한 식별 패킷 및 확장 식별 패킷, 일반 요구 메시지를 전송하기 위한 일반 요구 패킷, 특별 요구 메시지를 전송하기 위한 특별 요구 패킷, FO 검출을 위한 기준 품질 인자 값을 전송하기 위한 FOD 상태 패킷, 송신기의 송출 전력을 제어하기 위한 제어 오류 패킷, 재협상 개시를 위한 재협상 패킷, 수신 전력의 세기 정보를 전송하기 위한 24비트 수신 전력 패킷 및 8비트 수신 전력 패킷 및 현재 부하의 충전 상태 정보를 전송하기 위한 충전 상태 패킷을 포함할 수 있다. Referring to FIG. 10, a packet transmitted from a wireless power receiver to a wireless power transmitter includes a signal strength packet for transmitting strength information of a detected ping signal, and a type of power transmission for requesting the transmitter to stop power transmission. (End Power Transfer), a power control hold-off packet for transmitting time information waiting to adjust the actual power after receiving a control error packet for control control, a configuration for transmitting the configuration information of the receiver Packet, identification packet and extended identification packet for transmitting receiver identification information, general request packet for sending general request message, special request packet for sending special request message, reference quality factor value for FO detection FOD status packet, control error packet for controlling the transmitter power of the transmitter, renegotiation packet for renegotiation initiation, A 24-bit received power packet and 8-bit received power packet for transmitting strength information of the received power, and a charging state packet for transmitting charge state information of a current load may be included.
상기한 무선 전력 수신기에서 무선 전력 송신기로 전송하는 패킷들은 무선 전력 전송에 사용되는 주파수 대역과 동일한 주파수 대역을 이용한 인밴드 통신을 이용하여 전송될 수 있다.Packets transmitted from the wireless power receiver to the wireless power transmitter may be transmitted using in-band communication using the same frequency band as the frequency band used for wireless power transmission.
도 11a는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 상태 패킷의 메시지 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.FIG. 11A illustrates a message structure of a FOD status packet according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
도 11a를 참조하면, FOD 상태 패킷 메시지(1100)는 2바이트의 길이를 가질 수 있으며, 6비트 길이의 예약(Reserved, 1101), 2비트 길이의 모드(Mode, 1102) 필드 및 1바이트 길이의 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value, 1103)을 포함하여 구성될 수 있다. Referring to FIG. 11A, the FOD status packet message 1100 may have a length of 2 bytes, and a 6-bit reserved (Reserved) 1101, a 2-bit mode (1102) field, and a 1-byte length It may be configured to include a reference quality factor value (1031).
예약(1101) 필드를 구성하는 모든 비트는 0으로 설정될 수 잇다. All bits constituting the reservation 1101 field may be set to zero.
도면 번호 1104을 참조하면, 모드(1102) 필드가 이진수 '00'이면 FO가 없는 상태에서의 기준 품질 인자(RQF_NO_FO, 제1 기준 품질 인자) 값이 기준 품질 인자 값(1103) 필드에 기록되었음을 의미하고, 모드(1102) 필드가 이진수 '01'이면 FO가 있는 상태에서의 기준 품질 인자(RQF_FO, 제2 기준 품질 인자) 값이 기준 품질 인자 값(1103) 필드에 기록되었음을 의미할 수 있다.Referring to reference numeral 1104, if the mode 1102 field is binary '00', it means that the reference quality factor (RQF_NO_FO, first reference quality factor) value in the absence of the FO is recorded in the reference quality factor value 1103 field. If the mode 1102 field is a binary number '01', it may mean that a reference quality factor (RQF_FO, second reference quality factor) value in the FO state is recorded in the reference quality factor value 1103 field.
도 11b는 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 상태 패킷의 메시지 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.11B is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 11b를 참조하면, FO 상태 패킷 메시지(1110)는 3바이트의 길이를 가질 수 있으며, 6비트 길이의 예약(Reserved, 1111), 2비트 길이의 모드(Mode, 1112) 필드, 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value, 1113) 및 이물질 존재 시 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value With Foreign Object, 1114)을 포함하여 구성될 수 있다. Referring to FIG. 11B, the FO Status Packet message 1110 may have a length of 3 bytes, and a 6-bit reserved (Reserved, 1111), 2-bit length (Mode, 1112) field and a reference quality factor value. (Reference Quality Factor Value, 1113) and Reference Quality Factor Value With Foreign Object (1114).
예약(1101) 필드를 구성하는 모든 비트는 0으로 설정될 수 잇다.All bits constituting the reservation 1101 field may be set to zero.
모드(1112) 필드를 통해 해당 기준 품질 인자 값(1113)이 적용된 전력 수신기의 동작 모드가 식별될 수 있다. 도면 번호 1115를 참조하면, 모드(1112) 값이 이진수 '00'이면 무선 전력 수신기의 전원이 OFF 상태에서 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값임을 의미한다.The operation mode of the power receiver to which the corresponding reference quality factor value 1113 is applied may be identified through the mode 1112 field. Referring to reference numeral 1115, when the mode 1112 value is binary '00', it means that the value of the reference quality factor measured when the power of the wireless power receiver is turned off.
무선 전력 수신기는 제조사 별 또는(및) 제품 종류 별 이물질이 존재하지 않을 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값 및 이물질 존재할 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값이 상이할 수 있다.The wireless power receiver may have different reference quality factor values measured when there is no foreign substance by manufacturer and / or product type and measured reference quality factor values when foreign substances exist.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기는 이물질이 존재하지 않을 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값 및 이물질 존재할 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값을 고려하여 이물질 존재 여부를 판단하기 위한 품질 인자 임계치를 적응적으로 결정할 수 있다. 이는 수신기 마다 이물질 존재함에 따라 품질인자 값 의 변화량이 다를 수 있기 때문이다. 이를 통해, 본 발명은 실제 이물질이 충전 영역에 위치했음에도 불구하고 이물질이 정상적으로 검출되지 않아 발열되거나 전력 전송 효율이 현저히 떨어지는 문제를 최소화시킬 수 있다. The wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention adaptively determines a quality factor threshold for determining whether a foreign substance exists in consideration of a reference quality factor value measured when no foreign matter is present and a reference quality factor value measured when there is a foreign matter. Can be determined. This is because the amount of change in the quality factor value may vary depending on the presence of foreign substances in each receiver. Through this, the present invention can minimize the problem that the foreign matter is not normally detected even though the actual foreign matter is located in the charging region, the heat generation or power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced.
도 11c는 본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 상태 패킷의 메시지 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.11C is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 11c를 참조하면, FO 상태 패킷 메시지(1120)는 2바이트의 길이를 가질 수 있으며, 6비트 길이의 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(Drop Value of Reference Quality Factor, 1121) 필드, 2비트 길이의 모드(Mode, 1122) 필드, 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value, 1123) 필드를 포함하여 구성될 있다.Referring to FIG. 11C, the FO status packet message 1120 may have a length of 2 bytes, a 6-bit drop value of reference quality factor field, and a 2-bit length mode ( Mode, 1122) field, and a Reference Quality Factor Value field (1123).
여기서, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)은 이물질이 존재하지 않을 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값(1223)과 특정 이물질의 존재 시 측정된 품질 인자 값(Quality Factor Value With Foreign Object)에 기반하여 결정되는 값일 수 있다.Here, the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is determined based on the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when no foreign matter is present and the quality factor value with foreign object measured when the foreign matter is present. Can be a value.
모드(1122) 필드는 상기한 도 11a의 예약(1101) 필드에 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)이 기록되어 있음을 지시하기 위해 사용될 수 있다. 일 예로, 도면 번호 1124를 참조하면, 모드(1122) 필드의 값이 이진수 '01'이면 예약 필드에 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)이 기록되어 있음을 의미할 수 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 모드(1122) 필드의 다른 값-예를 들면, 이진수 '10' 또는 이진수 '11'-이 예약 필드에 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)이 기록되어 있음을 지시하기 위해 사용될 수도 있다.The mode 1122 field may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reservation 1101 field of FIG. 11A described above. For example, referring to reference numeral 1124, when the value of the mode 1122 field is binary '01', it may mean that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reserved field. Only another value of the mode 1122 field, e.g., binary '10' or binary '11', may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor drop value 1121 is recorded in the reserved field.
단, 모드(1122) 필드 값이 이진수 '00'이 아닌 다른 값이 설정된 경우, 기준 품질 인자 값(1123)은 전력 수신기의 전력이 OFF 상태에서 측정된 값임을 자동적으로 내포할 수 있다. However, when the mode 1122 field value is set to a value other than binary '00', the reference quality factor value 1123 may automatically imply that the power of the power receiver is measured in the OFF state.
설명의 편의상, 구체적인 실시예로 모드로 이물질 상태 패킷의 포맷을 구분하여 설명하였으나, 모드에 상관 없이 이물질 상태 패킷은 도 11a 내지 도 11d의 실시예 형태일 수 있다.For convenience of description, the format of the foreign matter packet is divided into specific modes in the specific embodiment, but the foreign matter packet may be the embodiment of FIGS. 11A to 11D regardless of the mode.
이하 설명의 편의를 위해, 이물질이 존재하지 않을 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값(1223)을 RQF_NO_FO, 특정 이물질이 존재할 때 측정된 품질 인자 값을 QF_FO라 명하기로 한다. 여기서, 특정 이물질은 WPC Qi 표준에 정의된 이물질 중 어느 하나가 사용될 수 있다. 일 예로, 특정 이물질은 직경이 22mm이고 두께가 1mm인 알루미늄 디스크인 Foreign Object #4일 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 일반 상용 동전 중 어느 하나가 사용될 수도 있다.For convenience of description, the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when no foreign matter is present will be referred to as RQF_NO_FO, and the quality factor value measured when specific foreign matter is referred to as QF_FO. Here, the specific foreign matter may be any one of the foreign matters defined in the WPC Qi standard. For example, the specific foreign material may be Foreign Object # 4, which is an aluminum disk having a diameter of 22 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, but is not limited thereto. Any one of general commercial coins may be used.
일 예로, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)은 해당 무선 전력 수신기에 대응하는 기준 품질 인자 값(1223)에서 특정 이물질의 존재 시 측정된 품질 인자 값을 뺀 값으로 결정될 수 있다. For example, the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be determined as the reference quality factor value 1223 corresponding to the corresponding wireless power receiver minus the quality factor value measured in the presence of a specific foreign material.
다른 일 예로, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)은 이물질이 존재하지 않을 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값(1223) 대비 이물질이 존재할 때 측정된 품질 인자 값의 강하 비율일 수 있다. 이 경우, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)은 백분율(%)로 산출되거나 백분율이 특정 단위 값(STEP_VALUE)으로 나누어 산출되는 정수 값일 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않는다. 일 예로, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121)은 다음의 수식 1로 산출될 수 있다.As another example, the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be a ratio of a drop in the quality factor value measured when the foreign matter is present compared to the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when the foreign matter does not exist. In this case, the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be an integer value calculated as a percentage (%) or a percentage divided by a specific unit value (STEP_VALUE), but is not limited thereto. For example, the reference quality factor drop value 1121 may be calculated by Equation 1 below.
수식 1: Equation 1:
[(RQF_NO_FO - QF_FO)/ RQF_NO_FO]*100 또는[(RQF_NO_FO-QF_FO) / RQF_NO_FO] * 100 or
[((RQF_NO_FO - QF_FO)/ RQF_NO_FO)*100]/STEP_VALUE [((RQF_NO_FO-QF_FO) / RQF_NO_FO) * 100] / STEP_VALUE
(여기서 *100은 %로 표기하기 위함이며 실제 값은 *100이 반영되지 않은 값일 수 있다.)(In this case, * 100 is expressed as% and the actual value may be a value that does not reflect * 100.)
무선 전력 수신기는 제조사 또는(및) 제품 종류에 따라 기준 품질 인자 강하 값이 상이할 수 있다.The wireless power receiver may have different reference quality factor drop values depending on the manufacturer or product type.
따라서, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기는 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 감지된 무선 전력 수신기로부터 획득하고, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 고려하여 이물질 존재 여부를 판단하기 위한 품질 인자 임계치를 적응적으로 결정할 수 있다. Accordingly, the wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains the reference quality factor drop value from the sensed wireless power receiver, and adaptively determines the quality factor threshold for determining the presence of foreign matter in consideration of the reference quality factor drop value. Can be determined.
이를 통해, 본 발명은 실제 이물질이 충전 영역에 위치했음에도 불구하고 이물질이 정상적으로 검출되지 않아 발열되거나 전력 전송 효율이 현저히 떨어지는 문제를 최소화시킬 수 있다.Through this, the present invention can minimize the problem that the foreign matter is not normally detected even though the actual foreign matter is located in the charging region, the heat generation or power transmission efficiency is significantly reduced.
도 11d는 본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 상태 패킷의 메시지 구조를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.11D is a diagram for explaining a message structure of an FO status packet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 11d를 참조하면, FO 상태 패킷 메시지(1130)는 2바이트의 길이를 가질 수 있으며, 6비트 길이의 기준 품질 인자 정확도(Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor, 1131) 필드, 2비트 길이의 모드(Mode, 1132) 필드, 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value, 1133) 필드를 포함하여 구성될 있다.Referring to FIG. 11D, the FO status packet message 1130 may have a length of 2 bytes, a 6 bit length of the Accurate of Reference Quality Factor (1131) field, a 2 bit length of Mode, 1132) field, and a Reference Quality Factor Value (1331) field.
여기서, 기준 품질 인자 정확도(1131)는 이물질이 존재하지 않을 때 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값(1223)에 대한 오차의 허용치일 수 있다. 일 예로, 오차의 허용치가 적용된 기준 품질 인자 값은 무선 전력 수신 장치로부터 수신된 기준 품질 인자 값(1223) 대비 증가하거나 감소되는 비율로 설정될 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않는다.Here, the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 may be an allowance of an error with respect to the reference quality factor value 1223 measured when there is no foreign matter. For example, the reference quality factor value to which the tolerance of error is applied may be set at a rate that increases or decreases from the reference quality factor value 1223 received from the wireless power receiver, but is not limited thereto.
기준 품질 인자 정확도(1131)는 해당 무선 전력 수신기의 제조사 (또는)및 제품 종류에 따라 상이한 값을 가질 수 있다. 일 예로, A사의 무선 전력 수신기와 B사의 무선 전력 수신기는 동일한 무선 전력 송신기와 연동하여 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값의 정확도는 서로 상이할 수 있다. 따라서, 무선 전력 송신기는 무선 전력 수신기 별 기준 품질 인자 정확도에 관한 정보를 획득할 필요가 있으며, 기준 품질 인자 정확도를 고려하여 이물질 존재 여부를 판단하기 위한 품질 인자 임계치를 결정할 수 있다. 또한, 무선 전력 송신기는 이하, 설명의 편의를 위해 이물질 존재 여부를 판단하기 위한 품질 인자 임계치를 간단히 FO_QF_THRESHOLD라 명하기로 한다.The reference quality factor accuracy 1131 may have different values depending on the manufacturer (or) and product type of the corresponding wireless power receiver. For example, the wireless power receiver of Company A and the wireless power receiver of Company B may have different accuracy of reference quality factor values measured in conjunction with the same wireless power transmitter. Therefore, the wireless power transmitter needs to acquire information about the reference quality factor accuracy for each wireless power receiver, and may determine a quality factor threshold for determining whether there is a foreign substance in consideration of the reference quality factor accuracy. In addition, the wireless power transmitter will hereinafter simply refer to the quality factor threshold value for determining whether there is a foreign substance for convenience of description as FO_QF_THRESHOLD.
일 예로, 동일 무선 전력 송신기에 대한 테스트 결과, A사의 무선 전력 수신기에 대해 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값은 100이고, B사의 무선 전력 수신기에 대해 측정된 기준 품질 인자 값은 70일 수 있다. 이 경우, B사의 무선 전력 수신기에 대응되는 기준 품질 인자 정확도-예를 들면, +/- 7%이내-가 A사의 무선 전력 수신기에 대응되는 기준 품질 인자 정확도-예를 들면, +/- 10%이내-보다 높게 설정될 수 있다. 즉, 오차에 대한 민감도가 A사보다 B사의 무선 전력 수신기에 높게 설정될 수 있다. For example, the test result of the same wireless power transmitter, the reference quality factor value measured for the wireless power receiver of Company A is 100, the reference quality factor value measured for the wireless power receiver of Company B may be 70. In this case, the reference quality factor accuracy corresponding to company B's wireless power receiver-for example, within +/- 7%-is the reference quality factor accuracy corresponding to company A's wireless power receiver-for example, +/- 10%. Can be set higher than. That is, the sensitivity to the error may be set higher in the wireless power receiver of the B company than the A company.
이와 같이 품질 인자 정확도는 수신기가 설치된 완제품의 구성에 따라 차이가 있을 수 있다. 가령 상기 완제품에 장착되는 PCB, 카메라 모듈, 안테나 및 기타 부품에 따라 이물질이 없는 상태에서도 품질 인자가 타 완제품 대비 낮게 측정될 수 있다. 이에 따라 이물질과 함께 충전 영역에 위치한 상기 완제품의 경우 타 완제품 대비 품질 인자 값의 차이가 작을 수 있으며, 그에 따라 더 높은 측정 정확도가 요구된다. As such, the quality factor accuracy may vary depending on the configuration of the finished product on which the receiver is installed. For example, depending on the PCB, camera module, antenna and other components mounted on the finished product, the quality factor can be measured lower than other finished products even in the absence of foreign substances. Accordingly, in the case of the finished product located in the filling region together with the foreign matter, the difference in the quality factor value may be smaller than that of the other finished products, and thus higher measurement accuracy is required.
모드(1132) 필드는 상기한 도 11a의 예약(1101) 필드에 기준 품질 인자 정확도(1131)가 기록되어 있음을 지시하기 위해 사용될 수 있다. 일 예로, 도면 번호 1134를 참조하면, 모드(1132) 필드의 값이 이진수 '01'이면 예약 필드에 기준 품질 인자 정확도(1131)가 기록되어 있음을 의미할 수 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 모드(1132) 필드의 다른 값-예를 들면, 이진수 '10' 또는 이진수 '11'-이 예약 필드에 기준 품질 인자 정확도(1131)가 기록되어 있음을 지시하기 위해 사용될 수도 있다.The mode 1132 field may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reservation 1101 field of FIG. 11A described above. For example, referring to reference numeral 1134, when the value of the mode 1132 field is binary '01', it may mean that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reserved field. However, this is only an example. Other values of the mode 1132 field, e.g., binary '10' or binary '11', may be used to indicate that the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 is recorded in the reserved field.
단, 모드(1132) 필드 값이 이진수 '00'이 아닌 다른 값이 설정된 경우, 기준 품질 인자 값(1133)은 전력 수신기의 전력이 OFF 상태에서 측정된 값임을 자동적으로 내포할 수 있다.However, when the mode 1132 field value is set to a value other than binary '00', the reference quality factor value 1133 may automatically imply that the power of the power receiver is measured in the OFF state.
종래 WPC Qi 표준에 정의된 이물질 검출 방법은 무선 전력 송신기가 핑 단계를 수행하기 이전-즉, 선택 단계-에서 현재 품질 인자 값을 측정한다. 무선 전력 송신기는 협상 단계에서 무선 전력 수신기로부터 수신된 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value)과, 송신기 별 디자인적 차이를 고려하기 위한 생산 및 측정 오차 값(production and measurement tolerance)과 기준 품질 인자 정확도(Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor)를 고려하여 이물질의 존재 여부를 판단하기 위한 품질 인자 임계치를 결정한다.The foreign material detection method defined in the conventional WPC Qi standard measures the current quality factor value before the wireless power transmitter performs the ping step, i.e., the selection step. The wireless power transmitter has a reference quality factor value received from the wireless power receiver at the negotiation stage, and production and measurement tolerance and reference quality factor accuracy to account for the design differences of the transmitters. Considering the (Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor) determines the quality factor threshold for determining the presence of foreign substances.
기준 품질 인자 값은 테스트 전력 전송기(TPT: Test Power Transmitter)- 예를 들면, WPC Qi 표준에 정의된 MP1 타입의 송신기-의 충전 영역 중 5개 영역 (중간, 5mm 좌우 상하 이동한 4개 위치)에서 측정된 품질 인자 값 중 가장 작은 값을 의미한다. 테스트 전력 송신기인 MP1과 상용 무선 전력 송신기의 디자인적인 차이-예를 들면, 송신 코일의 인덕턴스 값 등을 포함함-에 따라 실제 충전 영역에서 측정되는 품질 인자 값은 송신기 별 상이할 수 있다. 이를 보정해 주는 오차를 생산 및 측정 오차라 한다.The reference quality factor value is the five areas of the charging area of the Test Power Transmitter (TPT) —for example, the MP1 type transmitter defined in the WPC Qi standard—middle, four positions shifted 5 mm left and right. It means the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at. According to a design difference between the test power transmitter MP1 and a commercial wireless power transmitter, such as an inductance value of a transmission coil, the quality factor value measured in the actual charging region may be different for each transmitter. The error that compensates for this is called production and measurement error.
도 12는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.  12 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 12를 참조하면, 협상 단계에서, 무선 전력 수신기(1210)는 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(Second Reference Quality Factor Value, RQF_FO)이 포함된 FOD 상태 패킷을 무선 전력 송신기(1220)에 전송할 수 있다(S1201). 이때, FOD 상태 패킷의 모드(Mode) 값은 이진수 “01”로 설정될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 12, in a negotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1210 may transmit a FOD status packet including a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) to the wireless power transmitter 1220 (see FIG. 12). S1201). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”.
제2 기준 품질 인자 값은 성능 테스트를 위해 지정된 특정 무선 전력 송신기의 충전 영역상의 복수의 지점에서 측정된 품질 인자 값 중 가장 작은 값을 갖는 값으로 결정되어 무선 전력 수신기에 유지될 수 있다.The second reference quality factor value may be determined to have the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
일 예로, 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)은 충전 영역에 놓여진 무선 전력 수신기의 근처에 FO가 존재하는 상태에서 송신 코일(Primary Coil)과 수신 코일(Secondary Coil)이 잘 정렬되는 중앙 위치에서 측정된 제1 품질 인자 값과 무선 전력 수신기의 근처에 FO가 존재하는 상태에서 무선 전력 수신기의 회전 없이 중앙으로부터 일정 거리 옵셋-예를 들면, x축 및 y축으로 각각 +/- 5mm일 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않음-을 가지고 이동하며 측정된 제2 품질 인자 값들 중 가장 작은 값으로 결정될 수 있다. 여기서, 제2 품질 인자 값들은 적어도 4개의 서로 다른 위치에서 측정된 품질 인자 값을 포함할 수 있다. For example, the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned in the presence of the FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging area. The first quality factor value and the FO in the vicinity of the wireless power receiver may be +/- 5 mm in a certain distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver, for example, in the x and y axes, respectively. May be determined to be the smallest of the measured second quality factor values. Here, the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
무선 전력 송신기(1220)는 수신된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 품질 인자 임계 값(Quality Factor Threshold Value, Q_threshold)으로 결정할 수 있다(S1203).The wireless power transmitter 1220 may determine the received second reference quality factor value as a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) (S1203).
무선 전력 송신기(1220)는 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)를 측정하고, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 크거나 같은지 비교할 수 있다(S1203 내지 S1204).The wireless power transmitter 1220 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1203 to S1204).
일 예로, 현재 품질 인자 값은 Digital Ping 단계 이전에 수행 될 수도 있고, 협상(재협상) 단계 직전에 측정 될 수도 있고, 주기적으로 측정 될 수도 있다.For example, the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 크거나 같으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1220)는 FO가 검출되지 않은 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1210)에 ACK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1205). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1220)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 전력 전송 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison, if the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1220 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1210. It may be (S1205). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1220 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
상기한 1204 단계의 비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 작으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1220)는 FO가 검출된 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1210)에 NAK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1206). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1220)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 선택 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison in step 1204, if the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1220 determines that the FO has been detected, and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1210. The response may be transmitted (S1206). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1220 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
도 13은 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.13 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 13을 참조하면, 협상 단계에서, 무선 전력 수신기(1310)는 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(Second Reference Quality Factor Value, RQF_FO)이 포함된 FOD 상태 패킷을 무선 전력 송신기(1320)에 전송할 수 있다(S1301). 이때, FOD 상태 패킷의 모드(Mode) 값은 이진수 “01”로 설정될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 13, in a negotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1310 may transmit a FOD status packet including a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) to the wireless power transmitter 1320 (see FIG. 13). S1301). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”.
제2 기준 품질 인자 값은 성능 테스트를 위해 지정된 특정 무선 전력 송신기의 충전 영역상의 복수의 지점에서 측정된 품질 인자 값 중 가장 작은 값을 갖는 값으로 결정되어 무선 전력 수신기에 유지될 수 있다.The second reference quality factor value may be determined to have the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
일 예로, 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)은 충전 영역에 놓여진 무선 전력 수신기의 근처에 FO가 존재하는 상태에서 송신 코일(Primary Coil)과 수신 코일(Secondary Coil)이 잘 정렬되는 중앙 위치에서 측정된 제1 품질 인자 값과 무선 전력 수신기의 근처에 FO가 존재하는 상태에서 무선 전력 수신기의 회전 없이 중앙으로부터 일정 거리 옵셋-예를 들면, x축 및 y축으로 각각 +/- 5mm일 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않음-을 가지고 이동하며 측정된 제2 품질 인자 값들 중 가장 작은 값으로 결정될 수 있다. 여기서, 제2 품질 인자 값들은 적어도 4개의 서로 다른 위치에서 측정된 품질 인자 값을 포함할 수 있다. For example, the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned in the presence of the FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging area. The first quality factor value and the FO in the vicinity of the wireless power receiver may be +/- 5 mm in a certain distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver, for example, in the x and y axes, respectively. May be determined to be the smallest of the measured second quality factor values. Here, the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
무선 전력 송신기(1320)는 수신된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값 및 무선 전력 송신기(1320)에 상응하여 미리 저장된 구성 인자(Design factor)에 기반하여 FO 검출을 위한 임계 값을 결정할 수 있다(S1303). 이하, 설명의 편의를 위해 구성 인자에 기반하여 보정된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 보정 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshold_correct)이라 명하기로 한다.The wireless power transmitter 1320 may determine a threshold value for FO detection based on the received second reference quality factor value and a design factor previously stored in correspondence with the wireless power transmitter 1320 (S1303). Hereinafter, for convenience of description, the second reference quality factor value corrected based on the configuration factor will be referred to as a correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct.
제2 기준 품질 인자 값은 성능 테스트를 위해 지정된 특정 무선 전력 송신기-이하, 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기라 명함-상에서 측정된 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 결정되므로, 특정 제조사에 의해 상업용으로 제조된 무선 전력 송신기-이하, 설명의 편의를 위해 상업용 무선 전력 송신기라 명함-는 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기와는 구성 및 특성에 있어서 서로 상이할 수 있다. 따라서, 동일 조건에서 측정되는 품질 인자 값은 상업용 무선 전력 송신기와 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기에서 서로 상이할 수 있다. 따라서, 상기한 도 12의 실시예에서 FO 검출을 위한 임계 값으로 사용된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값은 상업용 무선 전력 송신기의 구성 및 특성-즉, 구성 인자-을 고려하여 보정될 필요가 있다. The second reference quality factor value is determined based on the quality factor value measured on a particular wireless power transmitter, hereinafter referred to as a test wireless power transmitter, called a business card, designated for performance testing, so that it is commercially manufactured by a particular manufacturer. For the convenience of the description, hereinafter, a commercial wireless power transmitter, a business card, may differ from each other in configuration and characteristics with a test wireless power transmitter. Thus, the quality factor values measured under the same conditions may be different in a commercial wireless power transmitter and a test wireless power transmitter. Therefore, the second reference quality factor value used as the threshold for FO detection in the embodiment of FIG. 12 described above needs to be corrected in consideration of the configuration and characteristics of the commercial wireless power transmitter, that is, the configuration factor.
일 예로, 구성 인자는 해당 상업용 무선 전력 송신기에 대응되는 전력 클래스(Power Class), 송신 코일의 특성 및 배치 구조, 송신기에 탑재된 전력 제어 알고리즘, 전력 전달 손실(Power Transfer Loss), 해당 무선 전력 송신기의 형상 및 구조 중 적어도 하나의 파라메터에 기반하여 결정되는 보정 상수 값일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않으며, 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기 대비 품질 인자 값 측정 오차를 보정할 수 있는 값이면 족하다. For example, a configuration factor may include a power class corresponding to a corresponding commercial wireless power transmitter, characteristics and arrangement of a transmitting coil, a power control algorithm mounted on the transmitter, power transfer loss, and a corresponding wireless power transmitter. It may be a correction constant value determined based on at least one parameter of the shape and structure of, but is not limited thereto, and may be a value capable of correcting a quality factor measurement error compared to a test wireless power transmitter.
무선 전력 송신기(1320)는 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)를 측정하고, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 보정 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod_correct)보다 크거나 같은지 비교할 수 있다(S1303 내지 S1304).The wireless power transmitter 1320 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshod_correct (S1303 to S1304).
참고로 현재 품질 인자 값은 Digital Ping 단계 이전에 수행 될 수도 있고, 협상(재협상) 단계 직전에 측정 될 수도 있고, 주기적으로 측정 될 수도 있다.For reference, the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital pinging step, immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 보정 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod_correct)보다 크거나 같으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1320)는 FO가 검출되지 않은 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1310)에 ACK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1305). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1320)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 전력 전송 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison, if the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshod_correct, the wireless power transmitter 1320 determines that the FO is not detected and sends an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1310. It may transmit (S1305). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1320 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
상기한 1304 단계의 비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 보정 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod_correct)보다 작으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1320)는 FO가 검출된 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1310)에 NAK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1306). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1320)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 선택 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison in step 1304, if the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshod_correct, the wireless power transmitter 1320 determines that the FO has been detected, and transmits to the wireless power receiver 1310. The NAK response may be transmitted (S1306). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1320 may transition from the negotiation step to the selection step.
도 14는 본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.14 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 14를 참조하면, 협상 단계에서, 무선 전력 수신기(1410)는 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value, Q_reference)이 포함된 제1 내지 제2 FOD 상태 패킷을 무선 전력 송신기(1420)에 전송할 수 있다(S1401 내지 S1402). Referring to FIG. 14, in a negotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1410 may transmit first to second FOD status packets including a reference quality factor value (Q_reference) to the wireless power transmitter 1420. There is (S1401 to S1402).
여기서, 제1 FOD 상태 패킷은 Mode가 이진수 '00'일 때의 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)이 포함될 수 있다. 제2 FOD 상태 패킷에는 Mode가 1일 때의 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)-즉, FO가 충전 영역에 존재하는 상태에서 측정된 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 결정된 기준 품질 인자 값-이 포함될 수 있다. Here, the first FOD status packet may include a first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO when the mode is binary '00'. The second FOD state packet may include a second reference quality factor value (RQF_FO) when Mode is 1, that is, a reference quality factor value determined based on the quality factor value measured while the FO is in the charging region. have.
여기서, 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)은 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO) 보다 크다.Here, the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is greater than the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO.
제1 내지 제2 기준 품질 인자 값은 각각 FO가 수신기 근처에 없는 상태와 FO가 수신기 근처에 존재하는 상태에서 측정된 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 결정될 수 있다. 일 예로, 제1 내지 제2 기준 품질 인자 값은 특정 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기의 충전 영역상의 복수의 지점에서 측정된 품질 인자 값 중 가장 작은 값을 갖는 값으로 결정될 수 있다.The first to second reference quality factor values may each be determined based on the quality factor values measured in the absence of the FO near the receiver and the presence of the FO near the receiver. For example, the first to second reference quality factor values may be determined as values having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific test wireless power transmitter.
일 예로, 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)은 충전 영역에 놓여진 무선 전력 수신기의 근처에 FO가 없는 상태에서 송신 코일(Primary Coil)과 수신 코일(Secondary Coil)이 잘 정렬된 중앙 위치에서 측정된 제1 품질 인자 값과 무선 전력 수신기의 회전 없이 중앙으로부터 일정 거리 옵셋-예를 들면, x축 및 y축으로 각각 +/- 5mm일 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않음-을 가지고 이동하며 측정된 제2 품질 인자 값들 중 가장 작은 값으로 결정될 수 있다. 여기서, 제2 품질 인자 값들은 적어도 4개의 서로 다른 위치에서 측정된 품질 인자 값을 포함할 수 있다. For example, the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is measured at a central position where the primary coil and the secondary coil are well aligned with no FO near the wireless power receiver placed in the charging region. A second measured and moved with a first quality factor value and a distance offset from the center without rotation of the wireless power receiver, for example, but may be, but not limited to, +/- 5 mm in the x- and y-axes, respectively The smallest of the quality factor values can be determined. Here, the second quality factor values may include quality factor values measured at at least four different locations.
무선 전력 송신기(1420)는 수신된 제1 내지 제2 기준 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO 검출을 위한 품질 인자 임계 비율(Quality Factor Threshold Rate, Q_threshold_rate)을 결정할 수 있다(S1403).The wireless power transmitter 1420 may determine a quality factor threshold rate (Q_threshold_rate) for FO detection based on the received first to second reference quality factor values (S1403).
여기서, 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)은 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)과 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)의 차이 값을 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)으로 나누어서 산출될 수 있다. 일 예로, 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)이 80이고 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)이 50인 경우, 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)은 (80-50)/80=0.375로 계산될 수 있다.Here, the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate may be calculated by dividing a difference value between the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO and the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO by the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO. For example, when the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is 80 and the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is 50, the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate may be calculated as (80-50) /80=0.375. have.
무선 전력 송신기(1420)는 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)를 측정하고, 측정된 현재 품질 인자 값과 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)에 기반하여 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)를 계산할 수 있다(S1404).The wireless power transmitter 1420 may measure a current quality factor value Q_current and calculate a quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate based on the measured current quality factor value and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO (S1404). ).
참고로 현재 품질 인자 값은 Digital Ping 단계 이전에 수행 될 수도 있고, 협상(재협상) 단계 직전에 측정 될 수도 있고, 주기적으로 측정 될 수도 있다.For reference, the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital pinging step, immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically.
무선 전력 송신기(1420)는 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)이 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)보다 작은지를 비교할 수 있다(S1405).The wireless power transmitter 1420 may compare whether the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate is smaller than the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate (S1405).
비교 결과, 작으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1420)는 FO가 검출되지 않은 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1410)에 ACK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1406). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1420)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 전력 전송 단계로 천이할 수 있다.If the comparison result is small, the wireless power transmitter 1420 determines that the FO is not detected, and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1410 (S1406). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1420 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
상기한 1405 단계의 비교 결과, 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)이 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)보다 크거나 같으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1420)는 FO가 검출된 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1410)에 NAK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1407). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1420)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 선택 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison in step 1405, if the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate, the wireless power transmitter 1420 determines that the FO is detected, and transmits to the wireless power receiver 1410. The NAK response may be transmitted (S1407). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1420 may transition from the negotiation step to the selection step.
상기한 도 14의 실시예에서는 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)과 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)을 비교하여 FO 검출을 수행하는 것으로 설명되고 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기는 해당 무선 전력 송신기에 대응되는 구성 인자에 기반하여 보정 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate_correct)을 산출하고, 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)과 보정 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate_correct)을 비교하여 FO가 충전 영역에 존재하는지 여부를 판단할 수도 있다. In the embodiment of FIG. 14 described above, the FO detection is performed by comparing the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate. However, this is only one embodiment. The wireless power transmitter according to the embodiment calculates the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter, and compares the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct. It may be determined whether the FO exists in the charging region.
또 다른 실시예로 품질 인자 임계값은 다음과 같이 결정될 수 있다.In another embodiment, the quality factor threshold may be determined as follows.
수신된 기준 품질 인자 값(reference Quality Factor Value)에 품질 인자 측정 오차 범위(ex ±10%(0.1* 기준 품질 인자 값), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value(도 11d))와 송신기 특성(송신기 타입(디자인), 제조사, 제품 또는 측정 오차 등)을 고려하여 결정될 수 있다.The received quality factor measurement error range (ex ± 10% (0.1 * reference quality factor value), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value (FIG. 11D)) and transmitter characteristics (transmitter type ( Design, manufacturer, product or measurement error, etc.).
도 15는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 품질 인자 테이블을 보여준다.15 shows a quality factor table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 15에 도시된 품질 인자 테이블(1500)은 무선 전력 송신기의 메모리에 유지될 수 있다. 무선 전력 송신기는 수신된 FO 상태 패킷에 기반하여 품질 인자 테이블(1500)을 갱신할 수 있다. 일 예로, 품질 인자 테이블(1500)은 수신기 식별자(1501) 필드, 가장 최근 측정된 품질 인자 값(Latest Measured Quality Factor Value, 1502) 필드, 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO, 1503) 필드, 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO, 1504) 필드 및 보정 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshold_correct, 1505) 필드 중 적어도 하나를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.The quality factor table 1500 shown in FIG. 15 may be maintained in the memory of the wireless power transmitter. The wireless power transmitter may update the quality factor table 1500 based on the received FO status packet. For example, the quality factor table 1500 may include a receiver identifier 1501 field, a most recently measured quality factor value (Latest Measured Quality Factor Value, 1502) field, a first reference quality factor value (RQF_NO_FO, 1503) field, and a second value. And at least one of a reference quality factor value (RQF_FO, 1504) field and a correction quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold_correct, 1505) field.
여기서, 수신기 식별자(1501)는 식별 및 구성 단계에서 획득되는 제조사 코드(manufacturer code), 기본 디바이스 식별자(Basic Device Identifier) 및 확장 디바이스 식별자(Extended Device Identifier) 중 어느 하나 또는 적어도 하나를 조합하여 구성될 수 있다. 일 예로, 수신기 식별자는 제조사 코드와 기본 디바이스 식별자를 연접하여 구성할 수 있다. 다른 일 예로, 수신기 식별자는 제조사 코드, 기본 디바이스 식별자 및 확장 디바이스 식별자를 연접하여 구성될 수도 있다.Here, the receiver identifier 1501 may be configured by combining any one or at least one of a manufacturer code, a basic device identifier, and an extended device identifier obtained in the identification and configuration steps. Can be. For example, the receiver identifier may be configured by concatenating a manufacturer code and a basic device identifier. As another example, the receiver identifier may be configured by concatenating a manufacturer code, a basic device identifier, and an extended device identifier.
가장 최근 측정된 품질 인자 값(1502) 필드에는 해당 수신기 식별자(1501)에 대응하여 가장 최근에 측정된 품질 인자 값이 기록될 수 있다. 이때, 해당 수신기 식별자(1501)에 대응되는 무선 전력 수신기에 대한 충전이 정상적으로 완료되거나 협상 단계에서 전력 전송 상태로의 정상적인 상태 천이가 이루어진 경우, 무선 전력 송신기는 해당 협상 단계에서 측정된 품질 인자 값을 품질 인자 테이블(1500)에 기록할 수 있다.The most recently measured quality factor value 1502 field may record the most recently measured quality factor value corresponding to the corresponding receiver identifier 1501. At this time, when charging for the wireless power receiver corresponding to the corresponding receiver identifier 1501 is normally completed or when a normal state transition to the power transmission state is made in the negotiation phase, the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor value measured in the negotiation phase. It can be recorded in the quality factor table 1500.
또한, 무선 전력 송신기는 협상 단계에서 FOD 상태 패킷을 수신하면, FOD 상태 패킷에 포함된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO) 또는(및) 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)을 품질 인자 테이블(1500)에 기록할 수도 있다.In addition, when the wireless power transmitter receives the FOD status packet in the negotiation step, the wireless power transmitter sets the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO or (and) the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO included in the FOD status packet to the quality factor table 1500. You can also write
또한, 무선 전력 송신기는 해당 무선 전력 수신기와의 최초 협상 단계에서 FO 검출을 위해 계산된 보정 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshold_correct)을 품질 인자 테이블(1500)에 기록할 수도 있다.In addition, the wireless power transmitter may record the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct calculated for the FO detection in the quality factor table 1500 during the initial negotiation with the wireless power receiver.
무선 전력 송신기는 이후 품질 인자 테이블(1500)에 기록된 수신기 식별자에 대응되는 무선 전력 수신기가 검출되면, 품질 인자 테이블(1500)을 참조하여 FO를 검출할 수 있다.When the wireless power transmitter detects a wireless power receiver corresponding to the receiver identifier recorded in the quality factor table 1500, the wireless power transmitter may detect the FO by referring to the quality factor table 1500.
본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 품질 인자 테이블(1500)은 상기 도 11c에서 설명된 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(1121) 및 상기 도 11d에서 설명된 기준 품질 인자 정확도(1131) 중 적어도 하나를 더 포함하여 구성될 수 있다. The quality factor table 1500 according to another embodiment of the present invention further includes at least one of the reference quality factor drop value 1121 described in FIG. 11C and the reference quality factor accuracy 1131 described in FIG. 11D. Can be configured.
도 16은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 장치의 구성을 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 장치(1600)는 무선 전력 송신기에 장착되거나 탑재될 수 있다. The FO detection apparatus 1600 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be mounted or mounted on a wireless power transmitter.
도 16을 참조하면, FO 검출 장치(1600)는 통신부(1610), 결정부(1620), 측정부(1630), 검출부(1640), 제어부(1650) 및 전력전송부(1660)를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 16, the FO detection apparatus 1600 includes a communication unit 1610, a determination unit 1620, a measurement unit 1630, a detection unit 1640, a control unit 1650, and a power transmission unit 1660. Can be.
통신부(1610)는 협상 단계에서 접속된 무선 전력 수신기로부터 기준 품질 인자 값이 포함된 FOD 상태 패킷을 수신할 수 있다. 여기서, 기준 품질 인자 값은 FO가 충전 영역에 존재하지 않을 때의 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO, 제1 기준 품질 인자 값) 및 FO가 충전 영역에 존재할 때의 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO, 제2 기준 품질 인자 값) 중 적어도 하나를 포함할 수 있으며, 협상 단계에서 하나의 FOD 상태 패킷 또는 복수의 FOD 상태 패킷을 통해 수신될 수 있다.The communication unit 1610 may receive a FOD status packet including a reference quality factor value from the wireless power receiver connected in the negotiation step. Here, the reference quality factor values are reference quality factor values (RQF_NO_FO, first reference quality factor value) when the FO is not present in the filling region and reference quality factor values (RQF_FO, second criterion) when the FO is present in the filling region. Quality factor value), and may be received through one FOD status packet or a plurality of FOD status packets in the negotiation step.
결정부(1620)는 수신된 기준 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO 검출 시 사용할 임계치를 결정할 수 있다. 일 예로, FO 검출 시 사용되는 임계치가 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)으로 결정될 수 있으나, 이는 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 시 사용되는 임계치는 해당 무선 전력 송신기에 상응하는 구성 인자에 기반하여 보정된 제2 기준 품질 인자 값으로 결정될 수도 있다. The determiner 1620 may determine a threshold to be used for FO detection based on the received reference quality factor value. As an example, the threshold used for FO detection may be determined as the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO, but this is only one embodiment, and the threshold used for FO detection according to another embodiment of the present invention The second reference quality factor value may be determined based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 시 사용되는 임계치는 제1 내지 제2 기준 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 산출된 품질 인자 임계 비율(Quality Factor Threshold Rate, Q_threshold_rate)로 결정될 수도 있다. The threshold value used for FO detection according to another embodiment of the present invention may be determined by a quality factor threshold rate (Q_threshold_rate) calculated based on the first to second reference quality factor values.
제1 실시예로, 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)은 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)과 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)의 차이 값을 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)으로 나누어서 산출될 수 있다. 일 예로, 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)이 80이고 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)이 50인 경우, 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)은 (80-50)/80=0.375로 계산될 수 있다. In a first embodiment, the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate is calculated by dividing a difference value between the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO and the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO by the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO. Can be. For example, when the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is 80 and the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is 50, the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate may be calculated as (80-50) /80=0.375. have.
제2 실시예로, 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)은 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)을 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)으로 나눈 값으로 결정될 수도 있다. 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)이 80이고 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)이 50인 경우, 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)은 50/80=0.625로 계산될 수 있다.In a second embodiment, the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate may be determined as a value obtained by dividing the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO by the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO. When the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO is 80 and the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO is 50, the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate may be calculated as 50/80 = 0.625.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 시 사용되는 임계치는 제1 내지 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 해당 무선 전력 송신기에 상응하여 미리 결정된 구성 인자를 적용하여 계산된 제1 보정 기준 품질 인자와 제2 보정 기준 품질 인자에 기반하여 산출된 보정 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate_correct))로 결정될 수도 있다.The threshold value used for FO detection according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a first correction reference quality factor calculated by applying the first to second reference quality factor values corresponding to the corresponding wireless power transmitter. It may be determined based on the correction quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate_correct calculated based on the second correction reference quality factor.
측정부(1630)는 FO 검출 시 상기한 임계치와 비교되는 현재 품질 인자에 관한 값을 측정하거나 계산할 수 있다. The measurer 1630 may measure or calculate a value related to a current quality factor compared with the threshold when detecting the FO.
일 예로, 측정부(1630)는 협상 단계에서 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)을 측정할 수 있다. For example, the measurer 1630 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current in the negotiation step.
또한, 측정부(1630)는 측정된 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)과 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)에 기반하여 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)를 계산할 수 있다. 여기서, 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)은 [RQF_NO_FO - Q_current]/[RQF_NO_FO]로 계산될 수 있다.In addition, the measurer 1630 may calculate the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate based on the measured current quality factor value Q_current and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO. Here, the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate may be calculated as [RQF_NO_FO-Q_current] / [RQF_NO_FO].
또한, 측정부(1630)는 측정된 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)과 제1 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_NO_FO)에 기반하여 현재 품질 인자 비율(Q_current_rate)를 계산할 수 있다. 여기서, 현재 품질 인자 비율(Q_current_rate)은 [Q_current]/[RQF_NO_FO]로 계산될 수 있다.In addition, the measurer 1630 may calculate a current quality factor ratio Q_current_rate based on the measured current quality factor value Q_current and the first reference quality factor value RQF_NO_FO. Here, the current quality factor ratio Q_current_rate may be calculated as [Q_current] / [RQF_NO_FO].
검출부(1640)는 결정부(1620)에 의해 결정된 임계치와 측정부(1630)에 의해 측정 또는 계산된 값을 비교하여 FO가 충전 영역에 존재하는지를 검출할 수 있다.The detector 1640 may detect whether the FO exists in the charging region by comparing the threshold determined by the determiner 1620 and the value measured or calculated by the measurer 1630.
일 예로, 검출부(1640)는 상기한 도 12에 도시된 바와 같이, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 제2 기준 품질 인자 값(RQF_FO)보다 작은 경우, 충전 영역에 FO가 존재하는 것으로 판단할 수 있다. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 12, the detector 1640 may determine that the FO exists in the charging region when the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the second reference quality factor value RQF_FO. have.
다른 일 예로, 검출부(1640)는 상기한 도 13에 도시된 바와 같이, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 보정 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshold_correct)보다 작은 경우, 충전 영역에 FO가 존재하는 것으로 판단할 수도 있다.As another example, as illustrated in FIG. 13, the detector 1640 may determine that the FO exists in the charging region when the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the correction quality factor threshold Q_threshold_correct. have.
또 다른 일 예로, 검출부(1640)는 상기한 도 14에 도시된 바와 같이, 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)과 품질 인자 임계 비율(Q_threshold_rate)을 비교하여, 충전 영역에 FO가 존재하는지 여부를 판단할 수 있다.As another example, as illustrated in FIG. 14, the detector 1640 may compare the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate and the quality factor threshold ratio Q_threshold_rate to determine whether the FO exists in the charging region. Can be.
또 다른 일 예로, 검출부(1640)는 품질 인자 감소 비율(Q_decrease_rate)과 해당 무선 전력 송신기에 대응되는 구성 인자에 기반하여 산출된 보정 품질 인자 임계 비율을 비교하여 충전 영역에 FO가 존재하는지 여부를 판단할 수 있다.As another example, the detector 1640 may determine whether the FO exists in the charging area by comparing the quality factor reduction ratio Q_decrease_rate with the correction quality factor threshold ratio calculated based on a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter. can do.
또 다른 일 예로, 검출부(1640)는 품질 인자 임계 값을 다음과 같이 결정할 수 있다.As another example, the detector 1640 may determine the quality factor threshold as follows.
수신된 기준 품질 인자 값(reference Quality Factor Value)에 품질 인자 측정 오차 범위(ex ±10%(0.1* reference Q-Factor Value), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value(도 11d))와 송신기 특성(송신기 타입(디자인), 제조사, 제품 또는 측정 오차 등)을 고려하여 결정될 수 있다.The received quality factor measurement error range (ex ± 10% (0.1 * reference Q-Factor Value), or Accuracy of Quality Factor Value (FIG. 11D)) and transmitter characteristics (transmitter type) to the received reference quality factor value. (Design), manufacturer, product or measurement error, etc.).
제어부(1650)는 FO 검출 장치(1600)의 전체적인 동작 및 입출력을 제어할 수 있다. 일 예로, 제어부(1650)는 검출부(1640)에 의해 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 해당 무선 전력 송신기의 상태를 협상 단계에서 전력 전송 단계로 천이하고, 전력전송부(1660)가 부하 충전에 필요한 전력을 송출하도록 제어할 수 있다. 다른 일예로, 제어부(1650)는 검출부(1640)에 의해 FO가 검출된 경우, 해당 무선 전력 송신기의 상태를 협상 단계에서 선택 단계로 천이하고, 전력전송부(1660)의 전력 송출이 차단되도록 제어할 수 있다.The controller 1650 may control the overall operation and input / output of the FO detection apparatus 1600. For example, when the FO is not detected by the detector 1640, the controller 1650 transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter from the negotiation stage to the power transfer stage, and the power transmitter 1660 is required to charge the load. Can be controlled to send. As another example, when the FO is detected by the detector 1640, the controller 1650 transitions the state of the wireless power transmitter from the negotiation stage to the selection stage, and controls the power transmission unit 1660 to block power transmission. can do.
본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 장치(1600)는 상기 도 15에 도시된 품질 인자 테이블(1500)을 유지하기 위한 메모리(미도시)를 더 포함하여 구성될 수도 있다.The FO detection apparatus 1600 according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a memory (not shown) for maintaining the quality factor table 1500 illustrated in FIG. 15.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 장치(1600)는 상기 검출부(1640)에 의해 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 전력 전송 단계로 천이하기 이전에 해당 무선 전력 수신기와 자신(무선 전력 송신기) 사이의 전력 손실을 계산하는 보정부(미도시)를 더 포함할 수 있다. According to another embodiment of the present invention, if the FO detection apparatus 1600 does not detect the FO by the detection unit 1640, the FO detection apparatus 1600 and the wireless power receiver (the wireless power transmitter) before the transition to the power transmission step. It may further include a correction unit (not shown) for calculating the power loss therebetween.
도 17은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.17 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 17을 참조하면, 협상 단계에서, 무선 전력 수신기(1710)는 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value) 및 기준 품질 인자 강하 값(Drop Value of Reference Quality Factor)이 포함된 FOD 상태 패킷을 무선 전력 송신기(1720)에 전송할 수 있다(S1701). 이때, FOD 상태 패킷의 모드(Mode) 값은 이진수 “01”로 설정될 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않는다.Referring to FIG. 17, in a negotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1710 may wirelessly transmit a FOD state packet including a reference quality factor value and a drop value of reference quality factor. It may transmit to the transmitter 1720 (S1701). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”, but is not limited thereto.
여기서, 기준 품질 인자 값은 성능 테스트를 위해 지정된 특정 무선 전력 송신기의 충전 영역상의 복수의 지점에서 측정된 품질 인자 값 중 가장 작은 값을 갖는 값으로 결정되어 무선 전력 수신기에 유지될 수 있다.Here, the reference quality factor value may be determined as the value having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
무선 전력 송신기(1720)는 수신된 기준 품질 인자 값과 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 이용하여 품질 인자 임계 값(Quality Factor Threshold Value, Q_threshold)을 결정할 수 있다(S1703).The wireless power transmitter 1720 may determine a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) using the received reference quality factor value and the reference quality factor drop value (S1703).
일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기(1720)는 기준 품질 인자 값에서 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 뺀 값을 품질 인자 임계 값으로 결정할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다. 다른 일 예는, 기준 품질 인자 값과 기준 품질 인자 강하 값이 입력 변수인 소정 품질 인자 임계 값 생성 함수를 이용하여 품질 인자 임계 값이 결정될 수도 있다.For example, the wireless power transmitter 1720 may determine a value obtained by subtracting the reference quality factor drop value from the reference quality factor value as the quality factor threshold value, but is not limited thereto. As another example, the quality factor threshold may be determined using a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function in which the reference quality factor value and the reference quality factor drop value are input variables.
무선 전력 송신기(1720)는 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)를 측정하고, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 크거나 같은지 비교할 수 있다(S1703 내지 S1704).The wireless power transmitter 1720 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1703 to S1704).
참고로 현재 품질 인자 값은 디지털 핑(Digital Ping) 단계 이전에 수행 될 수도 있고, 협상(재협상) 단계 직전에 측정될 수도 있고, 디지털 핑 단계 이후에 주기적으로 측정될 수도 있다.For reference, the current quality factor value may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured immediately before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically after the digital ping step.
비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 크거나 같으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1720)는 FO가 검출되지 않은 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1710)에 ACK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1705). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1720)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 전력 전송 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison, if the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1720 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1710. It may be (S1705). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1720 may transition from the negotiation stage to the power transmission stage.
상기한 1704 단계의 비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 작으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1720)는 FO가 검출된 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1710)에 NAK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1706). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1720)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 선택 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison in step 1704, if the current quality factor value Q_current is less than the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1720 determines that the FO has been detected and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1710. The response may be transmitted (S1706). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1720 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
도 18은 본 발명의 다른 일 실시예에 따른 FOD 검출 방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이다.18 is a flowchart illustrating a FOD detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
도 18을 참조하면, 협상 단계에서, 무선 전력 수신기(1810)는 기준 품질 인자 정확도(Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor) 및 기준 품질 인자 값(Reference Quality Factor Value)이 포함된 FOD 상태 패킷을 무선 전력 송신기(1820)에 전송할 수 있다(S1801). 이때, FOD 상태 패킷의 모드(Mode) 값은 이진수 “01”로 설정될 수 있으나 이에 한정되지는 않는다.Referring to FIG. 18, in the negotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1810 may transmit a FOD state packet including an Accuracy of Reference Quality Factor and a Reference Quality Factor Value. 1820 may be transmitted (S1801). At this time, the mode value of the FOD status packet may be set to binary “01”, but is not limited thereto.
여기서, 기준 품질 인자 값은 성능 테스트를 위해 지정된 특정 무선 전력 송신기의 충전 영역상의 복수의 지점에서 측정된 품질 인자 값 중 가장 작은 값을 갖는 값으로 결정되어 무선 전력 수신기에 유지될 수 있다.Here, the reference quality factor value may be determined as the value having the smallest value among the quality factor values measured at a plurality of points on the charging region of the specific wireless power transmitter designated for the performance test and maintained in the wireless power receiver.
무선 전력 송신기(1820)는 수신된 기준 품질 인자 정확도와 기준 품질 인자 값을 이용하여 품질 인자 임계 값(Quality Factor Threshold Value, Q_threshold)을 결정할 수 있다(S1803).The wireless power transmitter 1820 may determine a quality factor threshold value (Q_threshold) using the received reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor value (S1803).
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기(1820)는 미리 저장된 생산 및 측정 오차(production and measurement tolerance)를 더 이용하여 품질 인자 임계 값을 결정할 수도 있다. The wireless power transmitter 1820 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further determine the quality factor threshold value by using the pre-stored production and measurement tolerance.
일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기(1820)는 기준 품질 인자 값에서 기준 품질 인자 정확도와 생산 및 측정 오차를 뺀 값을 품질 인자 임계 값으로 결정할 수 있으나, 이에 한정되지는 않는다. 다른 일 예는, 기준 품질 인자 정확도와 기준 품질 인자 값이 입력 변수인 소정 품질 인자 임계 값 생성 함수를 이용하여 품질 인자 임계 값이 결정될 수도 있다.For example, the wireless power transmitter 1820 may determine, as the quality factor threshold, a value obtained by subtracting the reference quality factor accuracy and the production and measurement error from the reference quality factor value, but is not limited thereto. As another example, the quality factor threshold may be determined using a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function in which the reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor value are input variables.
무선 전력 송신기(1820)는 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)를 측정하고, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 크거나 같은지 비교할 수 있다(S1803 내지 S1804).The wireless power transmitter 1820 may measure the current quality factor value Q_current and compare whether the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod (S1803 to S1804).
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 현재 품질 인자 값은 디지털 핑(Digital Ping) 단계 이전에 수행 될 수도 있고, 협상(재협상) 단계 직전에 측정될 수도 있고, 디지털 핑 단계 이후 주기적으로 측정될 수도 있다.The current quality factor value according to an embodiment of the present invention may be performed before the digital ping step, may be measured just before the negotiation (renegotiation) step, or periodically after the digital ping step.
비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 크거나 같으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1820)는 FO가 검출되지 않은 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1810)에 ACK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1805). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1820)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 전력 전송 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison, if the current quality factor value Q_current is greater than or equal to the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1820 determines that the FO is not detected and transmits an ACK response to the wireless power receiver 1810. It may be (S1805). At this time, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1820 may transition from the negotiation step to the power transmission step.
상기한 1804 단계의 비교 결과, 현재 품질 인자 값(Q_current)이 품질 인자 임계 값(Q_threshod)보다 작으면, 무선 전력 송신기(1820)는 FO가 검출된 것으로 판단하고, 무선 전력 수신기(1810)에 NAK 응답을 전송할 수 있다(S1806). 이때, 무선 전력 송신기(1820)의 상태는 협상 단계에서 선택 단계로 천이할 수 있다.As a result of the comparison in step 1804, if the current quality factor value Q_current is smaller than the quality factor threshold Q_threshod, the wireless power transmitter 1820 determines that the FO is detected, and the NAK is transmitted to the wireless power receiver 1810. The response may be transmitted (S1806). In this case, the state of the wireless power transmitter 1820 may transition from the negotiation stage to the selection stage.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기는 복수의 FOD 상태 패킷을 통해 기준 품질 인자 값, 기준 품질 인자 정확도 및 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 모두 획득할 수도 있다. 이때, 무선 전력 송신기는 기준 품질 인자 값, 기준 품질 인자 정확도, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값, 생산 및 측정 오차 중 적어도 하나를 이용하여 품질 인자 임계 값을 결정할 수도 있다. 일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기는 기준 품질 인자 값, 기준 품질 인자 정확도, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 입력 변수로 하는 소정 품질 인자 임계 값 생성 함수의 출력 값을 품질 인자 임계 값으로 결정할 수도 있다.The wireless power transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention may acquire all of the reference quality factor value, the reference quality factor accuracy, and the reference quality factor drop value through the plurality of FOD status packets. In this case, the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor threshold value using at least one of a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, a reference quality factor drop value, and a production and measurement error. For example, the wireless power transmitter may determine an output value of a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function that uses a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value as an input variable as a quality factor threshold value.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 실시예에 따른 무선 전력 송신기는 복수의 FOD 상태 패킷을 통해 이물질이 존재하지 않은 상태에서 측정된 품질 인자 값, 기준 품질 인자 정확도 및 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 무선 전력 수신기로부터 획득할 수도 있다. 일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기는 이물질이 존재하지 않은 상태에서 측정된 품질 인자 값에서 기준 품질 인자 정확도 및 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 뺀 값으로 품질 인자 임계 값을 결정할 수도 있다. 다른 일 예로, 무선 전력 송신기는 이물질이 존재하지 않은 상태에서 측정된 품질 인자 값, 기준 품질 인자 정확도, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값을 입력 변수로 하는 소정 품질 인자 임계 값 생성 함수의 출력 값을 품질 인자 임계 값으로 결정할 수도 있다.According to another embodiment of the present invention, a wireless power transmitter obtains a quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value measured in the absence of foreign matter through a plurality of FOD status packets from a wireless power receiver. You may. For example, the wireless power transmitter may determine the quality factor threshold by subtracting the reference quality factor accuracy and the reference quality factor drop value from the quality factor value measured in the absence of foreign matter. As another example, the wireless power transmitter may determine a quality factor threshold value based on an output value of a predetermined quality factor threshold generation function having as input variables a quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value measured in the absence of foreign matter. You can also decide by value.
도 19는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 FO 검출 장치의 구조를 설명하기 위한 블록도이다.19 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an FO detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 19를 참조하면, FO 검출 장치(1900)는 구동부(1902), 공진 캐패시터(1903), 송신 코일(1904), 품질 인자 측정부(1905), 복조부(1906) 및 제어부(1907)를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 19, the FO detecting apparatus 1900 includes a driving unit 1902, a resonant capacitor 1901, a transmitting coil 1904, a quality factor measuring unit 1905, a demodulator 1906, and a control unit 1907. Can be configured.
구동부(1902)는 전원(1901)으로부터 인가된 DC 전력을 AC 전력으로 변환하고, 제어부(1907)의 제어 신호에 따라 AC 전력의 세기를 조절할 수 있다. 구동부(1902)는 특정 주파수 신호를 생성하는 주파수 발진기 및 주파수 발진기에 의해 발진된 교류 신호를 증폭시키는 인버터 등을 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.The driver 1902 may convert DC power applied from the power supply 1901 to AC power, and adjust the strength of the AC power according to a control signal of the controller 1907. The driver 1902 may include a frequency oscillator for generating a specific frequency signal, an inverter for amplifying an AC signal oscillated by the frequency oscillator, and the like.
품질 인자 측정부(1905)는 공진 캐패시터(103)의 양단의 인덕턴스 변화(또는 전압, 또는 전류)를 모니터링하여 송신 코일에 대한 품질 인자 값을 측정할 수 있다. 측정된 현재 품질 인자 값은 제어부(1907)에 전달된다. The quality factor measuring unit 1905 may measure a quality factor value for the transmitting coil by monitoring a change in inductance (or voltage or current) at both ends of the resonant capacitor 103. The measured current quality factor value is transmitted to the controller 1907.
복조부(1906)는 무선 전력 수신기로부터 수신되는 신호를 복조하여 제어부(1907)에 전달한다. 일 예로, 복조부(1906)는 FO 상태 패킷을 복조하여 제어부(1907)에 전달할 수 있다.The demodulator 1906 demodulates a signal received from the wireless power receiver and transmits the demodulated signal to the controller 1907. As an example, the demodulator 1906 may demodulate and forward the FO status packet to the controller 1907.
제어부(1907)는 FO 상태 패킷에 포함된 기준 품질 인자 값, 기준 품질 인자 정확도, 기준 품질 인자 강하 값 중 적어도 하나에 기반하여 해당 무선 전력 수신기를 위한 품질 인자 임계값을 결정할 수 있다.The controller 1907 may determine a quality factor threshold value for the corresponding wireless power receiver based on at least one of a reference quality factor value, a reference quality factor accuracy, and a reference quality factor drop value included in the FO status packet.
제어부(1907)는 결정된 품질 인자 임계값과 품질 인자 측정부(1905)에 의해 측정된 현재 품질 인자 값을 비교하여 충전 영역에 FO가 존재하는지를 판단할 수 있다.The controller 1907 may determine whether the FO exists in the charging area by comparing the determined quality factor threshold with the current quality factor measured by the quality factor measurer 1905.
제어부(1907)는 판단 결과에 따라 계속 충전을 진행하거나 충전을 중단하고 선택 단계로 회귀할 수 있다.The controller 1907 may continue charging or stop charging and return to the selection step according to the determination result.
제어부(1907)가 FO 상태 패킷에 기반하여 적응적으로 품질 인자 임계값을 결정하는 구체적인 기능 및 결정된 품질 인자 임계값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 기능에 대한 상세한 설명은 상술한 도 1 내지 도 18의 설명으로 대체하기로 한다. Detailed description of the specific function of the control unit 1907 adaptively determining the quality factor threshold based on the FO status packet and the function of detecting the FO based on the determined quality factor threshold is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18. Replace with description.
상술한 실시예에 따른 방법은 컴퓨터에서 실행되기 위한 프로그램으로 제작되어 컴퓨터가 읽을 수 있는 기록 매체에 저장될 수 있으며, 컴퓨터가 읽을 수 있는 기록 매체의 예로는 ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, 자기 테이프, 플로피디스크, 광 데이터 저장장치 등이 있으며, 또한 캐리어 웨이브(예를 들어 인터넷을 통한 전송)의 형태로 구현되는 것도 포함한다. The method according to the embodiment described above may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium that is produced as a program for execution on a computer, and examples of the computer-readable recording medium include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape , Floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and the like, and also include those implemented in the form of carrier waves (eg, transmission over the Internet).
컴퓨터가 읽을 수 있는 기록 매체는 네트워크로 연결된 컴퓨터 시스템에 분산되어, 분산방식으로 컴퓨터가 읽을 수 있는 코드가 저장되고 실행될 수 있다. 그리고, 상술한 방법을 구현하기 위한 기능적인(function) 프로그램, 코드 및 코드 세그먼트들은 실시예가 속하는 기술분야의 프로그래머들에 의해 용이하게 추론될 수 있다.The computer readable recording medium can be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion. In addition, functional programs, codes, and code segments for implementing the above-described method may be easily inferred by programmers in the art to which the embodiments belong.
본 발명은 본 발명의 정신 및 필수적 특징을 벗어나지 않는 범위에서 다른 특정한 형태로 구체화될 수 있음은 당업자에게 자명하다. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential features of the present invention.
따라서, 상기의 상세한 설명은 모든 면에서 제한적으로 해석되어서는 아니되고 예시적인 것으로 고려되어야 한다. 본 발명의 범위는 첨부된 청구항의 합리적 해석에 의해 결정되어야 하고, 본 발명의 등가적 범위 내에서의 모든 변경은 본 발명의 범위에 포함된다.Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in all aspects and should be considered as illustrative. The scope of the invention should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of the invention are included in the scope of the invention.
본 발명은 무선 충전 분야에 이용될 수 있으며, 특히, 무선 전력 송신 장치에 적용될 수 있다.The present invention can be used in the field of wireless charging, and in particular, can be applied to a wireless power transmission device.

Claims (15)

  1. 무선 전력 송신기에서의 FO(Foreign Object) 검출 방법에 있어서,In the method of detecting a Foreign Object (FO) in a wireless power transmitter,
    제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 포함된 제2 패킷을 수신하는 단계;Receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value;
    상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 이용하여 임계치를 결정하는 단계;Determining a threshold using the second reference quality factor value;
    현재 품질 인자 값을 측정하는 단계; 및Measuring a current quality factor value; And
    상기 임계치와 상기 현재 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 단계Detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value
    를 포함하는, FO 검출 방법.FO detection method comprising a.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 충전 영역에 FO가 있는 상태에 대응되는 기준 품질 인자 값임을 지시하는 소정 모드 값이 상기 제2 패킷에 더 포함되는, FO 검출 방법.And the second packet further includes a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state in which a FO exists in the charging region.
  3. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 제2 패킷은 협상 단계에서 수신되는, FO 검출 방법.And the second packet is received in a negotiation step.
  4. 제3항에 있어서,The method of claim 3,
    상기 협상 단계에서 상기 FO가 검출된 경우, 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 상태가 선택 단계로 천이되는, FO 검출 방법.If the FO is detected in the negotiation step, the state of the wireless power transmitter transitions to a selection step.
  5. 제3항에 있어서,The method of claim 3,
    상기 협상 단계에서 상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 상태가 전력 전송 단계로 천이되는, FO 검출 방법.If the FO is not detected in the negotiation step, the state of the wireless power transmitter transitions to a power transfer step.
  6. 제5항에 있어서,The method of claim 5,
    상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 전력 전송 단계로 천이하기 이전에 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기와 상기 무선 전력 송신기 사이의 전력 손실을 계산하는 보정 단계가 수행되는, FO 검출 방법.If the FO is not detected, a correction step of calculating a power loss between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter that transmitted the second packet before the transition to the power transmission step is performed.
  7. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값에 상기 무선 전력 송신기에 대응되는 구성 인자가 더 반영되어 상기 임계치가 결정되는, FO 검출 방법.The threshold value is determined by further reflecting a configuration factor corresponding to the wireless power transmitter in the second reference quality factor value.
  8. 제7항에 있어서,The method of claim 7, wherein
    상기 구성 인자는 테스트용 무선 전력 송신기 대비 품질 인자 값의 측정 오차를 보정할 수 있는 상수 값인, FO 검출 방법.The configuration factor is a FO detection method, a constant value that can correct the measurement error of the quality factor value compared to the test wireless power transmitter.
  9. 제7항에 있어서,The method of claim 7, wherein
    상기 구성 인자는 상기 무선 전력 송신기의 전력 클래스, 상기 무선 전력 송신기에 탑재된 송신 코일의 특성 및 배치 구조 중 적어도 하나에 기반하여 결정되는 상수 값인, FO 검출 방법.And the configuration factor is a constant value determined based on at least one of a power class of the wireless power transmitter, a characteristic of a transmission coil mounted on the wireless power transmitter, and an arrangement structure.
  10. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기로 ACK 메시지를 전송한 후 상기 무선 전력 수신기로의 충전이 시작되도록 제어하는, FO 검출 방법.If the FO is not detected, controlling to start charging to the wireless power receiver after transmitting an ACK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet.
  11. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 FO가 검출된 경우, 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기로 NAK 메시지를 전송한 후 선택 단계로 진입하여 상기 무선 전력 수신기로의 전력 전송이 차단되도록 제어하는, FO 검출 방법.And when the FO is detected, enters a selection step after transmitting a NAK message to the wireless power receiver that has transmitted the second packet, and controls the transmission of power to the wireless power receiver to be blocked.
  12. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 FO가 검출되지 않은 경우, 상기 제2 패킷을 전송한 무선 전력 수신기에 대응되는 수신기 식별자, 상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값, 상기 임계치, 상기 현재 품질 인자 값 중 적어도 하나를 소정 품질 인자 테이블에 기록하는 단계를 더 포함하는, FO 검출 방법.When the FO is not detected, at least one of a receiver identifier, the second reference quality factor value, the threshold value, and the current quality factor value corresponding to the wireless power receiver that transmitted the second packet is recorded in a predetermined quality factor table. The method of claim FO further comprising.
  13. 제12항에 있어서,The method of claim 12,
    상기 무선 전력 수신기가 재접속된 경우, 상기 품질 인자 테이블을 참조하여 FO를 검출하는 것을 특징으로 하는, FO 검출 방법.When the wireless power receiver is reconnected, detecting the FO by referring to the quality factor table.
  14. FO(Foreign Object) 검출 장치에 있어서,In a foreign object detection apparatus,
    제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 포함된 제2 패킷을 수신하는 통신부;A communication unit for receiving a second packet including a second reference quality factor value;
    상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값을 이용하여 임계치를 결정하는 결정부;A determination unit to determine a threshold value using the second reference quality factor value;
    현재 품질 인자 값을 측정하는 측정부; 및A measuring unit measuring a current quality factor value; And
    상기 임계치와 상기 현재 품질 인자 값에 기반하여 FO를 검출하는 검출부A detector for detecting an FO based on the threshold and the current quality factor value
    를 포함하는, FO 검출 장치.It includes, FO detection device.
  15. 제14항에 있어서,The method of claim 14,
    상기 제2 기준 품질 인자 값이 충전 영역에 FO가 있는 상태에 대응되는 기준 품질 인자 값임을 지시하는 소정 모드 값이 상기 제2 패킷에 더 포함되는, FO 검출 장치.And the second packet further includes a predetermined mode value indicating that the second reference quality factor value is a reference quality factor value corresponding to a state in which a FO exists in the charging area.
PCT/KR2017/002888 2016-04-15 2017-03-17 Fo detection method and device and system therefor WO2017179826A1 (en)

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