WO2017177475A1 - 海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释*** - Google Patents

海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释*** Download PDF

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WO2017177475A1
WO2017177475A1 PCT/CN2016/079949 CN2016079949W WO2017177475A1 WO 2017177475 A1 WO2017177475 A1 WO 2017177475A1 CN 2016079949 W CN2016079949 W CN 2016079949W WO 2017177475 A1 WO2017177475 A1 WO 2017177475A1
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tank
offshore
alpine
oil field
water supply
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PCT/CN2016/079949
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘松荫
刘正正
刘方
刘彦彬
王中奇
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河南正佳能源环保股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017177475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017177475A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of oil field injection, and particularly relates to a rapid dispersion and dilution system of powdered polymer in an offshore or high-cold or fault block oil field.
  • Primary oil recovery refers to the method of oil field exploitation by relying on the natural energy of the reservoir.
  • Secondary oil recovery refers to the method of water injection and gas injection. It is a method to maintain and supplement the energy of the reservoir. After the secondary oil recovery, the oil field still has 60%-70% of the crude oil residue is difficult to recover in the underground.
  • tertiary oil recovery technology is required.
  • Polymer flooding is a kind of tertiary oil recovery technology. It refers to dispersing water-soluble polymer (such as powder polymer) into injection water to increase the viscosity of injected water, improve the ratio of water to oil flow rate, improve the sweep efficiency and microscopic drive. Oil displacement efficiency, thereby improving oil recovery methods.
  • the system currently used for dispersing the powdery polymer into the injected water includes a dry powder tank 1, a screw feeder 2, an ejector 3, a blower 4, a gouache mixer 5, a dissolution tank 6, and a transfer pump 7.
  • a ripener 8 wherein the dry powder tank 1, the screw feeder 2, the ejector 3, the gouache mixer 5, the dissolution tank 6, the transfer pump 7 and the sterilizer 8 are sequentially connected, and the powdery polymer in the dry powder tank 1 passes
  • the screw feeder 2 is quantitatively conveyed to the ejector 3, and the blower 4 blows the pulverized polymer in the ejector 3 to the gouache mixer 5, and the pulverized polymer is sufficiently wetted with water in the gouache mixer 5, followed by powdery
  • the mixture of polymer and water enters the dissolution tank 6 and is initially mixed and stirred, and then the mixture of the powdery polymer and water is sent to the ripener 8 via the transfer pump 9, and is continuously stirred in the ripener 8 to uniformly disperse the powdery polymer.
  • the powdery polymer is finally dissolved completely in water to form a mother liquor, and the mother liquor is diluted into a target liquid according to the rated concentration, and then injected into
  • the system currently used to disperse the powdery polymer into the injected water is greatly affected by the external environment.
  • the blower 4 blows outside air into the system, and the moisture in the outside air causes the polymer to absorb moisture and unite, which causes the feeding effect.
  • the entry of oxygen degrades the viscosity of the target liquid and affects the oil recovery.
  • the present invention proposes a rapid dispersion and dilution system of the powdery polymer in an offshore or alpine or faulty oil field, the sea Or the rapid dispersion of the powdery polymer in the alpine or fault block oil field, the dilution system comprises a water supply tank, a dry powder tank and a buffer tank, wherein the water supply tank, the dry powder tank and the buffer tank are connected with a nitrogen source; the dry powder tank is connected with the feed in turn a buffer tank, a negative pressure jet and the buffer tank; the water supply tank is connected in sequence with a water supply pump and the negative pressure jet, the water supply tank is further connected with a dilution water pump; the outlet of the buffer tank is connected with a mother liquor a transfer pump, the outlet of the mother liquid transfer pump being connected to the outlet of the dilution water pump.
  • the powdery polymer in the offshore or alpine or fault block oil field is rapidly dispersed, and the structure of the dilution system is armored.
  • the buffer container is a funnel.
  • the funnel is a visual funnel.
  • the powdery polymer rapid dispersion and dilution system of the offshore or alpine or fault block oil field further comprises an automatic control module, wherein the automatic control module comprises a PLC controller and a host computer, and the PLC controller is connected to the upper computer
  • the automatic control module comprises a PLC controller and a host computer, and the PLC controller is connected to the upper computer
  • An electromagnetic flowmeter, a pressure transmitter and an electric valve are arranged on the pipeline between the water supply pump and the negative pressure jet, and the electromagnetic flowmeter, the pressure transmitter and the electric valve are both connected to the PLC controller connection.
  • An electric valve is disposed between the water supply tank and the nitrogen source, and the electric valve is connected to the PLC controller, and an electric valve is disposed between the dry powder tank and the nitrogen source, and the electric valve and the electric valve are The PLC controller is connected, and an electric valve is disposed between the buffer tank and the nitrogen source, and the electric valve is connected to the PLC controller.
  • the output pipe of the dilution water pump is provided with an electric valve, an electromagnetic flowmeter and a pressure transmitter, and the electric valve, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the pressure transmitter are all connected with the PLC controller.
  • the output pipeline of the mother liquid delivery pump is provided with an electric valve, an electromagnetic flowmeter and a pressure transmitter, and the electric valve, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the pressure transmitter are all connected with the PLC controller.
  • the water supply tank is provided with a temperature transmitter and a liquid level transmitter, and the temperature transmitter and the liquid level transmitter are all connected with the PLC controller; the buffer tank is provided with a liquid level change A transmitter and a pressure transmitter are connected to the PLC controller.
  • the buffer tank, the pipeline between the buffer tank and the mother liquid transfer pump, and the output pipeline of the mother liquid transfer pump are all made of 316L stainless steel.
  • the powdery polymer in the offshore or alpine or fault block oil field of the present invention is rapidly dispersed, and the dilution system is first filled with nitrogen when used, so that the inside of the system of the present invention is in a slightly positive pressure nitrogen atmosphere; the system of the present invention uses a negative pressure gas stream (nitrogen gas).
  • the method of pumping the powdered polymer into the negative pressure jet, the entire process is carried out in a closed environment, so that the outside air does not enter the system of the present invention, and the entire system of the present invention It is protected by nitrogen to prevent the external environment from affecting the system of the present invention, preventing the oxygen in the air from degrading the viscosity of the target liquid and affecting the oil recovery rate, thereby protecting the stability of the chemical properties of the target liquid. Since nitrogen is a dry and stable inert gas, the nitrogen in the dry powder tank can prevent the powdery polymer from being agglomerated by moisture, which is favorable for the accuracy of the subsequent powdery polymer configuration.
  • the rapid dispersion and dilution system of the powdered polymer in the offshore or high-cold or fault block oil field of the invention is automatically controlled by PLC, the operation is simple, the manpower and time are saved, the labor cost is reduced, the equipment operation is more stable and safe, and the powder is improved.
  • the accuracy of polymer formulation, the configured mother liquor can meet the requirements of field use, and the concentration of the target liquid can be adjusted according to different requirements.
  • the powder polymer in the offshore or high-cold or fault block oil field of the invention has a structure of rapid dispersing and diluting system, which is armored, so that the occupied space is small, the system weight is small, the movement is convenient, the use problems of different oil fields are solved, and the problem is improved.
  • the utilization rate of the equipment is suitable for use in offshore, high-cold or fault-block oilfield oil production platforms, especially when it is applied to the construction of a high-cost offshore oil production platform, which can greatly reduce the construction cost of offshore oil production platforms and reduce the investment of oilfield injection equipment. cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a prior art system for dispersing a powdery polymer into water for injection;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rapid dispersion and dilution system of a powdery polymer in an offshore or alpine or fault block oil field according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an automatic control module for a rapid dispersion and dilution system of a powdery polymer in an offshore or alpine or faulty oil field according to the present invention.
  • the powdery polymer rapid dispersion and dilution system of the marine or alpine or fault block oil field of the present invention comprises a water supply tank 12, a dry powder tank 11 and a buffer tank 10, and the water supply tank 12 is used for storing injection water, and the dry powder tank 11
  • the buffer tank 10 is used for temporarily storing the mother liquid mixed with the powdered polymer
  • the water supply tank 12 the dry powder tank 11 and the buffer tank 10 are connected with the nitrogen source 27 through the pipeline, and the water supply is provided.
  • An electric valve 21 is disposed on the pipeline between the tank 12 and the nitrogen source 27, and an electric valve 21 is disposed on the pipeline between the dry powder tank 11 and the nitrogen source 27, and an electric circuit is disposed on the pipeline between the buffer tank 10 and the nitrogen source 27. Valve 21.
  • the powdery polymer rapid dispersion and dilution system of the marine or alpine or fault block oil field of the present invention further includes an automatic control module including a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) controller. 24 and the upper computer 25, the PLC controller 24 is connected to the upper computer 25, and the electric valve 21 is connected to the PLC controller 24, so that the electric valve 21 can be controlled by the upper computer 25 and the PLC controller 24.
  • PLC Programmable Logic Controller
  • the dry powder tank 11 is sequentially connected with a feeder 16, a buffer container 15, a negative pressure jet 14 and a buffer tank 10.
  • the feeder 16 may be a screw feeder, and the feeder 16 can The powdery polymer is metered, the amount of the powdery polymer mixed with the injected water is controlled, and on the other hand, the powdery polymer can be transferred to the buffer vessel 15.
  • the buffer container 15 is for temporarily storing the powdery polymer, and the buffer container 15 may be a funnel.
  • the buffer container 15 is a visible funnel, and the top of the visible funnel is transparent so that the user can observe the buffer. The case of a powdery polymer inside the container 15.
  • the water supply tank 12 is connected with a water supply pump 13 and a negative pressure jet 14 in turn, and an electromagnetic flowmeter 19, a pressure transmitter 20 and an electric valve 21 are provided on the pipeline between the water supply pump 13 and the negative pressure jet 14
  • the flow meter 19, the pressure transmitter 20, and the electric valve 21 are all connected to the PLC controller 24;
  • the water supply tank 12 is also connected with a dilution water pump 18, and the injected water in the water supply tank 12 can flow into the dilution water pump 18.
  • the outlet of the buffer tank 10 is connected with a mother liquid transfer pump 17, and the outlet of the mother liquid transfer pump 17 is connected to the outlet of the dilution water pump 18 through a pipeline, so that the injected water output from the dilution water pump 18 is mixed with the mother liquid output from the mother liquid transfer pump 17, and the mother liquid is mixed. Dilute to the target solution according to the rated concentration.
  • the water supply pump 13, the dilution water pump 18, and the mother liquid delivery pump 17 are all connected to the PLC controller 24 via the inverter 26, so that the water supply pump 13, the dilution water pump 18, and the mother liquid delivery pump can be used by using the PLC controller 24. 17 to control.
  • the water supply tank 12 is provided with a temperature transmitter 23 and a liquid level transmitter 22; the buffer tank 10 is provided with a liquid level transmitter 22 and a pressure transmitter 20, the temperature transmitter 23, the liquid level transmitter Both 22 and pressure transmitter 20 are coupled to PLC controller 24.
  • the valve of the nitrogen source 27 is turned on, and the nitrogen enters the present invention.
  • the system of the present invention is filled with nitrogen;
  • the electric valve 21 is controlled by the PLC controller 24 to regulate the nitrogen entering the system of the present invention, so that the system of the present invention is in a slightly positive pressure environment, i.e., within the system of the present invention.
  • the air pressure is slightly greater than atmospheric pressure so that outside air does not enter the system of the present invention, and the system of the present invention is protected by nitrogen to prevent the oxygen in the air from degrading the viscosity of the target liquid and affecting the oil recovery rate.
  • the water supply pump 13 is activated, the injected water in the water supply tank 12 flows to the negative pressure jet 14, and the electromagnetic flowmeter 19 between the water supply pump 13 and the negative pressure jet 14 is used to detect the flow rate of the injected water in the pipeline and
  • the flow rate, pressure transmitter 20 is used to detect the pressure in the pipeline.
  • the electric motor between the water supply pump 13 and the negative pressure jet 14 is turned on by the PLC controller.
  • the gas stream, which is circulated between the negative pressure jet 14 and the buffer vessel 15, is a nitrogen gas stream.
  • the feeder 16 is activated, and the feeder 16 defines the powdery polymer in the dry powder tank 11.
  • the amount is uniformly added to the buffer vessel 15, and when the nitrogen gas stream flows from the buffer vessel 15 to the negative pressure jet 14, the powdery polymer in the buffer vessel 15 is brought to the negative pressure jet 14, and the powdery polymer is in the negative pressure jet.
  • the device 14 is mixed with a high-speed injection water stream, and the powdery polymer is dispersed in the injection water.
  • the system of the present invention uses a vacuum gas flow to add the powdered polymer to the negative pressure jet 14 and the entire process of adding the powdered polymer to the negative pressure jet 14 is carried out in a closed environment.
  • the negative pressure jet 14 can adopt the structure of a jet mixing and dispersing device disclosed in the patent application No. 201510058219.1, which is formed by injecting water into the periphery and into the form of a powdery polymer, so that water and powdery polymer are injected.
  • the mixture is more uniform, avoiding agglomerates, fish eyes and air bubbles, and the concentration of the mother liquor is higher, and the mother liquor concentration can reach 15000 PPM (parts permillion, parts per million), which improves the efficiency of the mother liquor.
  • the injected water and the powdery polymer are mixed in the negative pressure jet 14 to form a mother liquid, and the mother liquid flows into the buffer tank 10, and the liquid level transmitter 22 in the buffer tank 10 is used for detecting the liquid level of the mother liquid.
  • the mother liquid transfer pump 17 and the dilution water pump 18 are activated by the PLC controller 24, and the mother liquid transfer pump 17 outputs the mother liquid from the buffer tank 10, and the mother liquid output from the mother liquid transfer pump 17 and the output of the dilution water pump 18 are injected.
  • the water is mixed, and the mother liquor is diluted to a target liquid according to the rated concentration.
  • the mother liquid transfer pump 17 is activated when the mother liquid in the buffer tank 10 reaches the set liquid level, in order to protect the mother liquid transfer pump 17, and prevent the mother liquid transfer pump 17 from being evacuated, thereby ensuring stable operation of the mother liquid transfer pump 17.
  • the level transmitter 22 in the water supply tank 12 is also provided to prevent the dilution water pump 18 from being evacuated.
  • the temperature transmitter 23 is for detecting the temperature of the water supply tank 12, and the pressure transmitter 20 in the buffer tank 10 is for detecting the pressure of the buffer tank 10.
  • the buffer tank 10, the line between the buffer tank 10 and the mother liquid transfer pump 17, and the output line of the mother liquid transfer pump 17 are all made of 316L stainless steel, which is extremely resistant to corrosion and prolongs the system of the present invention. The service life.
  • the output line of the mother liquid transfer pump 17 is provided with an electric valve 21, an electromagnetic flow meter 19 and a pressure transmitter 20, and the electric valve 21, the electromagnetic flow meter 19 and the pressure transmitter 20 are all connected with the PLC controller 24.
  • the electromagnetic flowmeter 19 is for detecting the flow rate of the mother liquid in the output line of the mother liquid delivery pump 17, and The flow rate, the pressure transmitter 20 is used to detect the pressure of the output line of the mother liquid delivery pump 17, and the PLC controller 24 controls the electric valve 21 and the mother liquid delivery pump 17 according to the detection results of the electromagnetic flowmeter 19 and the pressure transmitter 20 to adjust The amount of the mother liquid output from the mother liquid delivery pump 17.
  • the output pipe of the dilution water pump 18 is provided with an electric valve 21, an electromagnetic flowmeter 19 and a pressure transmitter 20, and the electric valve 21, the electromagnetic flowmeter 19 and the pressure transmitter 20 are all connected with the PLC controller 24, and similarly,
  • the PLC controller 24 can adjust the amount of the injected water output from the dilution water pump 18, and the injected water output from the dilution water pump 18 is mixed with the mother liquid output from the mother liquid delivery pump 17, and finally the mother liquid is diluted into a target liquid of a predetermined concentration.
  • the powdery polymer in the offshore or alpine or fault block oil field of the present invention is rapidly dispersed, and the structure of the dilution system is armored.
  • the skid mounted type refers to integrating the components of the dispersing and diluting system of the present invention into one whole.
  • On the base an integrated way of installation and movement can be integrated, so that the occupied space is small, the system weight is small, and the movement is convenient, the use problems of different oil fields are solved, the utilization rate of the equipment is improved, and the utility model is suitable for at sea, high cold or broken block. It can be used on oilfield oil production platforms, especially when it is used to build a high-cost offshore oil production platform, which can greatly reduce the construction cost of offshore oil production platforms and reduce the input cost of oilfield injection equipment.

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Abstract

一种海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，包括供水罐（12）、干粉罐（11）和缓冲罐（10），供水罐（12）、干粉罐（11）和缓冲罐（10）均与氮气源（27）连接；干粉罐（11）依次连接有喂料器（16）、缓冲容器（15）、负压射流器（14）和缓冲罐（10）；供水罐（12）依次连接有供水泵（13）和负压射流器（14），供水罐（12）还连接有稀释水泵（18）；缓冲罐（10）连接有母液输送泵（17），母液输送泵（17）的出口与稀释水泵（18）的出口连接，该***解决目前将粉状聚合物快速分散到注入水中和***运行受外界环境影响较大的问题。该***结构紧凑，移动方便，整个***处于氮气的保护中，能够避免外界环境的影响，防止空气中的氮气降解目的液的粘度而影响采油率。

Description

海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释*** 技术领域
本发明属于油田注聚的技术领域，具体涉及一种海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***。
背景技术
一次采油是指依靠油藏天然能量进行油田开采的方法，二次采油是指通过注水、注气的开采方法，是一种保持和补充油藏能量的方法，油田经过二次采油后，仍有60％-70％的原油残留在地下难以采出，为了经济有效地开采残留在地层中的剩余油，提高原油采收率，就需要三次采油技术。聚合物驱油是三次采油技术的一种，是指将水溶性高分子(例如粉状聚合物)分散到注入水中，以提高注入水的粘度，改善水油流速比，提高波及效率和微观驱油效率，从而提高原油采收率的驱油方法。
如图1所示，目前用于将粉状聚合物分散到注入水中的***包括干粉罐1、螺旋给料机2、喷射器3、鼓风机4、水粉混合器5、溶解罐6、输送泵7和熟化器8，其中，干粉罐1、螺旋给料机2、喷射器3、水粉混合器5、溶解罐6、输送泵7和熟化器8依次连接，干粉罐1中的粉状聚合物通过螺旋给料机2定量输送到喷射器3，鼓风机4将喷射器3中的粉状聚合物吹送至水粉混合器5，粉状聚合物在水粉混合器5中与水充分接触湿润，之后粉状聚合物和水的混合物进入溶解罐6中被初步混合搅拌，然后粉状聚合物和水的混合物经输送泵9输送至熟化器8，在熟化器8中不断搅拌，使粉状聚合物均匀分散于水中，最终使粉状聚合物完全溶解于水中形成母液，按照额定浓度将该母液稀释成目的液后就可注入井中。
但目前用于将粉状聚合物分散到注入水中的***受外界环境影响较大，比 如鼓风机4会将外界的空气吹入该***，而外界空气中的水分会造成聚合物吸潮团结，造成送料影响，另外氧气的进入会降解目的液的粘度进而影响原油采收率。
发明内容
为了解决目前用于将粉状聚合物分散到注入水中的***受外界环境影响较大的问题，本发明提出一种海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，该海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***包括供水罐、干粉罐和缓冲罐，该供水罐、干粉罐和缓冲罐均与氮气源连接；所述干粉罐依次连接有喂料器、缓冲容器、负压射流器和所述缓冲罐；所述供水罐依次连接有供水泵和所述负压射流器，该供水罐还连接有稀释水泵；所述缓冲罐的出口连接有母液输送泵，该母液输送泵的出口与所述稀释水泵的出口连接。
其中，该海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***的结构为撬装式。
其中，所述缓冲容器为漏斗。
其中，所述漏斗为可视漏斗。
其中，该海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***还包括自动控制模块，所述自动控制模块包括PLC控制器和上位机，所述PLC控制器与所述上位机连接；所述供水泵和所述负压射流器之间的管路上设有电磁流量计、压力变送器和电动阀门，该电磁流量计、压力变送器和电动阀门均与所述PLC控制器连接。
其中，所述供水罐与所述氮气源之间设有电动阀门，该电动阀门与所述PLC控制器连接，所述干粉罐与所述氮气源之间设有电动阀门，该电动阀门与所述PLC控制器连接，所述缓冲罐与所述氮气源之间设有电动阀门，该电动阀门与所述PLC控制器连接。
其中，所述稀释水泵的输出管路上设有电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器，该电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接。
其中，所述母液输送泵的输出管路上设有电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器，该电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接。
其中，所述供水罐中设有温度变送器和液位变送器，该温度变送器和液位变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接；所述缓冲罐中设有液位变送器和压力变送器，该液位变送器和压力变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接。
其中，所述缓冲罐、所述缓冲罐与所述母液输送泵之间的管路和所述母液输送泵的输出管路均采用316L不锈钢制作。
本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***具有如下的有益效果：
本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***在使用时先充满氮气，使本发明的***内部处于微正压的氮气环境；本发明的***采用负压气流(氮气气流)抽吸的方式将粉状聚合物加入到负压射流器中，整个过程都是在封闭的环境中进行的，这样外界的空气就不会进入本发明的***，本发明的整个***都处于氮气的保护中，以避免外界环境对本发明的***产生影响，防止空气中的氧气降解目的液的粘度而影响采油率，从而保护了目的液化学性能的稳定。由于氮气属于干燥稳定的惰性气体，干粉罐中的氮气能够避免粉状聚合物受潮结块，有利于后续粉状聚合物配置的准确性。
本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***通过PLC自动控制，操作简单，节约了人力和时间，降低了人工成本，使设备运行更稳定更安全，提高了粉状聚合物配制的准确性，配置的母液能够达到现场使用的要求，并且可以根据不同要求调整目的液的浓度。
本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***的结构为撬装式，这样占地空间小，***重量较小，移动方便，解决了不同油田的使用问题，提高了设备的利用率，适合在海上、高寒或断块油田采油平台上使用，特别是应用于建造成本巨高的海洋采油平台时，能够大大降低海上采油平台的建造成本，降低油田注聚设备的投入成本。
附图说明
图1为现有技术用于将粉状聚合物分散到注入水中的***的结构示意图；
图2为本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***的结构示意图；
图3为本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***的自动控制模块的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图介绍本发明的技术方案。
如图2所示，本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***包括供水罐12、干粉罐11和缓冲罐10，供水罐12用于存储注入水，干粉罐11用于存储粉状聚合物，缓冲罐10用于暂存注入水与粉状聚合物混合后的母液，供水罐12、干粉罐11和缓冲罐10均与氮气源27通过管路连接，且供水罐12与氮气源27之间的管路上设有电动阀门21，干粉罐11与氮气源27之间的管路上设有电动阀门21，缓冲罐10与氮气源27之间的管路上设有电动阀门21。
如图3所示，本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***还包括自动控制模块，该自动控制模块包括PLC(Programmable Logic Controller，可编程逻辑控制器)控制器24和上位机25，PLC控制器24与上位机25连接，电动阀门21与PLC控制器24连接，这样通过上位机25和PLC控制器24就可以对电动阀门21进行控制。
如图2所示，干粉罐11依次连接有喂料器16、缓冲容器15、负压射流器14和缓冲罐10，喂料器16可以为螺旋喂料器，该喂料器16一方面能够对粉状聚合物进行计量，控制与注入水混合的粉状聚合物的量，另一方面能够将粉状聚合物输送至缓冲容器15中。缓冲容器15用于临时存储粉状聚合物，该缓冲容器15可以为漏斗，优选地，该缓冲容器15为可视漏斗，该可视漏斗的顶部为透明的，这样使用者就可以观察到缓冲容器15内部粉状聚合物的情况。
供水罐12依次连接有供水泵13和负压射流器14，且供水泵13和负压射流器14之间的管路上设有电磁流量计19、压力变送器20和电动阀门21，该电磁流量计19、压力变送器20和电动阀门21均与PLC控制器24连接；供水罐12还连接有稀释水泵18，供水罐12中的注入水能够流入稀释水泵18中。缓冲罐10的出口连接有母液输送泵17，该母液输送泵17的出口与稀释水泵18的出口通过管路连接，这样稀释水泵18输出的注入水与母液输送泵17输出的母液混合，将母液按照额定浓度稀释成目的液。如图3所示，供水泵13、稀释水泵18和母液输送泵17均通过变频器26与PLC控制器24连接，这样使用PLC控制器24就能够对供水泵13、稀释水泵18和母液输送泵17进行控制。供水罐12中设有温度变送器23和液位变送器22；缓冲罐10中设有液位变送器22和压力变送器20，该温度变送器23、液位变送器22和压力变送器20均与PLC控制器24连接。
如图2-3所示，下面介绍本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***的工作过程：第一步，开启氮气源27的阀门，氮气便进入本发明的***中，以使本发明的***充满氮气；通过PLC控制器24控制电动阀门21，以调节进入本发明的***的氮气，使本发明的***处于微正压的环境，即本发明的***内部的气压稍大于大气压，这样外界的空气就不会进入本发明的***，本发明的***处于氮气的保护中，以防止空气中的氧气降解目的液的粘度而影响采油率。
第二步，启动供水泵13，供水罐12中的注入水流向负压射流器14，供水泵13和负压射流器14之间的电磁流量计19用于检测管路中注入水的流量和流速，压力变送器20用于检测管路中的压力，当管路中注入水的流速和压力达到设定值时，通过PLC控制器打开供水泵13和负压射流器14之间的电动阀门21，高速的注入水便进入负压射流器14中，经负压射流器14再流入缓冲罐10内，高速的注入水流过负压射流器14时，负压射流器14内形成负压气流，该负压气流在负压射流器14和缓冲容器15之间循环，该负压气流为氮气气流。
第三步，启动喂料器16，该喂料器16将干粉罐11中的粉状聚合物按规定 量均匀加入缓冲容器15中，氮气气流从缓冲容器15流向负压射流器14时，会将缓冲容器15中的粉状聚合物带到负压射流器14中，粉状聚合物在负压射流器14中与高速的注入水水流接触混合，粉状聚合物分散于注入水中。本发明的***采用负压气流抽吸的方式将粉状聚合物加入到负压射流器14中，将粉状聚合物加入到负压射流器14中的整个过程都是在封闭的环境中进行的，避免了外界环境对本发明的***的影响，使本发明的***处于氮气保护中。负压射流器14可以采用申请号为201510058219.1的专利所公开的射流器混合分散装置的结构，该结构为四周进注入水，中间进粉状聚合物的形式，这样注入水与粉状聚合物的混合更均匀，能够避免出现团块、鱼眼和气泡，而且配制的母液浓度更高，母液浓度可达到15000PPM(parts permillion，百万分之)，提高了配置母液的效率。
第四步，注入水与粉状聚合物在负压射流器14中混合后形成母液，该母液流入缓冲罐10中，缓冲罐10中的液位变送器22用于检测母液液位，当母液到达设定液位时，通过PLC控制器24启动母液输送泵17和稀释水泵18，母液输送泵17将母液从缓冲罐10中输出，母液输送泵17输出的母液与稀释水泵18输出的注入水混合，将母液按照额定浓度稀释成目的液。
其中，当缓冲罐10中的母液到达设定液位时才启动母液输送泵17，是为了保护母液输送泵17，防止母液输送泵17被抽空，保证母液输送泵17稳定运行。同样地，供水罐12中的液位变送器22也是为了防止稀释水泵18被抽空而设置。温度变送器23用于检测供水罐12的温度，缓冲罐10中的压力变送器20用于检测缓冲罐10的压力。
优选地，缓冲罐10、缓冲罐10与母液输送泵17之间的管路和母液输送泵17的输出管路均采用316L不锈钢制作，该316L不锈钢耐腐蚀性极强，延长了本发明的***的使用寿命。
优选地，母液输送泵17的输出管路上设有电动阀门21、电磁流量计19和压力变送器20，该电动阀门21、电磁流量计19和压力变送器20均与PLC控制器24连接，电磁流量计19用于检测母液输送泵17的输出管路中母液的流量和 流速，压力变送器20用于检测母液输送泵17输出管路的压力，PLC控制器24根据电磁流量计19和压力变送器20的检测结果控制电动阀门21和母液输送泵17，以调节母液输送泵17输出的母液的量。稀释水泵18的输出管路上设有电动阀门21、电磁流量计19和压力变送器20，该电动阀门21、电磁流量计19和压力变送器20均与PLC控制器24连接，同样地，PLC控制器24能够调节稀释水泵18输出的注入水的量，稀释水泵18输出的注入水与母液输送泵17输出的母液混合，最终将母液稀释成额度浓度的目的液。
优选地，本发明海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***的结构为撬装式，橇装式是指将本发明的分散、稀释***的各部分组件集成于一个整体底座上，可以整体安装、移动的一种集成方式，这样占地空间小，***重量小，移动方便，解决了不同油田的使用问题，提高了设备的利用率，适合在海上、高寒或断块油田采油平台上使用，特别是应用于建造成本巨高的海洋采油平台时，能够大大降低海上采油平台的建造成本，降低油田注聚设备的投入成本。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，包括供水罐、干粉罐和缓冲罐，该供水罐、干粉罐和缓冲罐均与氮气源连接；所述干粉罐依次连接有喂料器、缓冲容器、负压射流器和所述缓冲罐；所述供水罐依次连接有供水泵和所述负压射流器，该供水罐还连接有稀释水泵；所述缓冲罐的出口连接有母液输送泵，该母液输送泵的出口与所述稀释水泵的出口连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，该海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***的结构为撬装式。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，所述缓冲容器为漏斗。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，所述漏斗为可视漏斗。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，该海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***还包括自动控制模块，所述自动控制模块包括PLC控制器和上位机，所述PLC控制器与所述上位机连接；所述供水泵和所述负压射流器之间的管路上设有电磁流量计、压力变送器和电动阀门，该电磁流量计、压力变送器和电动阀门均与所述PLC控制器连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，所述供水罐与所述氮气源之间设有电动阀门，该电动阀门与所述PLC控制器连接，所述干粉罐与所述氮气源之间设有电动阀门，该电动阀门与所述PLC控制器连接，所述缓冲罐与所述氮气源之间设有电动阀门，该电动阀门与所述PLC控制器连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀 释***，其特征在于，所述稀释水泵的输出管路上设有电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器，该电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，所述母液输送泵的输出管路上设有电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器，该电动阀门、电磁流量计和压力变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，所述供水罐中设有温度变送器和液位变送器，该温度变送器和液位变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接；所述缓冲罐中设有液位变送器和压力变送器，该液位变送器和压力变送器均与所述PLC控制器连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的海上或高寒或断块油田的粉状聚合物快速分散、稀释***，其特征在于，所述缓冲罐、所述缓冲罐与所述母液输送泵之间的管路和所述母液输送泵的输出管路均采用316L不锈钢制作。
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