WO2017143177A1 - Mémoire de microphone - Google Patents

Mémoire de microphone Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2017143177A1
WO2017143177A1 PCT/US2017/018353 US2017018353W WO2017143177A1 WO 2017143177 A1 WO2017143177 A1 WO 2017143177A1 US 2017018353 W US2017018353 W US 2017018353W WO 2017143177 A1 WO2017143177 A1 WO 2017143177A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microphone
memory
microphone assembly
frequency response
characterization information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/018353
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
George FOLSOM
Andrzej Pawlowski
Original Assignee
Knowles Electronics, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Knowles Electronics, Llc filed Critical Knowles Electronics, Llc
Publication of WO2017143177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017143177A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/04—Structural association of microphone with electric circuitry therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/04—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response
    • H04R3/06—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response of electrostatic transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H04R1/083—Special constructions of mouthpieces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
    • H04R19/005—Electrostatic transducers using semiconductor materials

Definitions

  • This application relates to microphones and, more specifically to memories in these devices.
  • MEMS microelectromechanical system
  • a MEMS die or transducer is used and includes at least one diaphragm and at least one back plate.
  • the MEMS die is supported by a substrate and enclosed by a housing (e.g., a cup or cover with walls).
  • a port may extend through the substrate (for a bottom port device) or through the top of the housing (for a top port device). In any case, sound energy traverses through the port, moves the diaphragm and creates a changing potential of the back plate, which creates an electrical signal.
  • Microphones are deployed in various types of products such as personal computers or cellular phones.
  • the microphones When placed in these consumer products, the microphones send sensed sound data to other electronics devices deployed within these products, and these devices implement various algorithms. These algorithms utilize microphone parameters such as sensitivity. Typically, the consumer programs their electronics device from a data sheet with specific microphone parameters. Because these parameters are fixed and cannot be changed after the initial programming is performed, this sometimes limits the effectiveness of the algorithms.
  • FIG. 1 is a side cutaway view of one example of a microphone.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an integrated circuit.
  • FIG. 3 is a call flow diagram showing communication between a customer electronics device and a memory in a microphone.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the use of a code and look-up table.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of an interface between a microphone and an electronics device.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an interface between a microphone and an electronics device.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an interface between a microphone and electronics device.
  • the present approaches allow electronic devices that use microphones to access key microphone metrics (e.g., sensitivity, low frequency roll-off (LFRO), frequency response, and phase polynomial coefficients, etc.) stored in the memories of these microphones.
  • key microphone metrics e.g., sensitivity, low frequency roll-off (LFRO), frequency response, and phase polynomial coefficients, etc.
  • the electronic devices are able to program the microphone with specific parameters or other types of information.
  • performance curves of a microphone may be modelled mathematically and stored as coefficients in the memory.
  • general linear fit, power fit, or other approaches can be used to obtain coefficients representing response curve data.
  • Pole/Zero information with transfer function model can be used for magnitude and phase characterization. Other examples are possible.
  • Wider sensitivity limits are achieved using various techniques described herein.
  • a microphone that would have been otherwise rejected due to stringent sensitivity limit specifications may be used in end user applications because the memory of the microphone can be adjusted after manufacture.
  • the microphone may be communicatively coupled to a testing and/or calibrating device that can communicate with the memory of the microphone to adjust the settings or characteristics stored in the memory.
  • the interface between an external processor and the memory of the microphone can use any number of protocols and physical wires.
  • the I2C protocol with dedicated registers
  • SoundWire can be used.
  • Other examples are possible.
  • Mathematical models may describe these influences, which may be stored in the memory along with other metrics. For example, mathematical models describing the effects of temperature, humidity, and drop and aging effects (or any other suitable metric) may be stored in memory. Thus, an electronic device that uses the microphone may read these mathematical models and adjust the metrics read from memory accordingly.
  • a mathematical model relating the effects of temperature to sensitivity metrics may be stored in the memory of a microphone.
  • the mathematical model may be stored in the memory by a manufacturer of the microphone.
  • An external electronics device e.g., a smartphone, a computer, a tablet, etc.
  • the customer electronics device may use the sensitivity metrics in one or more algorithms and adjust the sensitivity metrics based upon the temperature model.
  • the mathematical model specifies sensitivity adjustments based upon temperature.
  • the customer electronics device measures a temperature of the microphone or an ambient temperature.
  • the customer electronics device applies the measured temperature to the mathematical model to produce an adjustment metric.
  • An adjustment to the sensitivity metric stored in the microphone's memory can be made based on the adjustment metric.
  • the customer electronics device can read the sensitivity metric from the microphone's memory, apply the adjustment metric to the sensitivity metric to produce an adjusted sensitivity metric, and cause the adjusted sensitivity metric to be stored in the microphone's memory to be used in place of the original sensitivity metric.
  • the manufacturer may communicatively couple the microphone to a testing and/or calibrating device that can communicate with the memory and the manufacturer can update or change the metrics stored in the memory of the microphone.
  • the microphone 100 includes a base or substrate 110, a MEMS device or transducer 102 (with diaphragm, back plate, and substrate), an integrated circuit 104, a lid or cover 106, and a port 108.
  • the port 108 as shown here extends through the base making the microphone 100 a bottom port device. However, it will be appreciated that the port 108 may extend through the lid or cover 106 making the microphone 100 a top port device.
  • the base 110 may be a printed circuit board in one example.
  • the microphone 100 includes a MEMS device or transducer 102, any suitable type or style of acoustic transducer may be used, such as a piezoelectric transducer.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 1 includes an integrated circuit 104, any other suitable type or style of processing circuitry may be used.
  • the integrated circuit 104 is coupled to a first conductive pad 111 (constructed of an electrically conducting material such as a metal).
  • the first conductive pad 111 is disposed on an interior surface of the base 110 and is coupled to a second conductive pad 112 (on the exterior surface of the base 110 and constructed of an electrically conducting material such as a metal) via a first conductive connector 114.
  • a second conductive connector 116 couples to the second conductive pad 112 and to customer electronics device 118.
  • any other suitable number of electrical pathways may be used, such as to facilitate a serial communication.
  • the integrated circuit 104 includes or is coupled to a memory 107.
  • the memory 107 is physically disposed within or integrated with the integrated circuit 104.
  • the memory 107 is a separate integrated circuit that is physically distinct from and separated from the integrated circuit 104.
  • the memory 107 may be of any size, but in some embodiments is relatively small in memory storage size.
  • the memory 107 may be implemented as memory registers that are a few bytes (or bits) in size. Other examples are possible.
  • the first conductive connector 1 14 and the second conductive connector 116 may be any number of separate conductive elements such as wires, connections, or transmission lines. For instance one, two, three, etc. lines may be used. Other examples are possible.
  • the interface between the processor and the memory can use or conform to any number of protocols and physical wires.
  • the I2C protocol with dedicated registers
  • SoundWire protocol can be used.
  • Other examples are possible.
  • the electronics device 118 and the microphone 100 are disposed within a device 119.
  • the electronics device 118 may be a processor and the device 1 19 may be a user device such as a laptop, smartphone, tablet, etc.
  • the electronics device 1 18 may include analog circuitry such as transistors, capacitors, resistors, etc.
  • the electronics device 1 18 executes one or more algorithms that utilize information associated with the microphone 100.
  • the electronics device 118 may implement algorithms that import or utilize sensitivity and other parameters or metrics.
  • computer software that implements algorithms specific to the user device 1 19 e.g., a cellular phone, laptop, tablet, or personal computer
  • the memory 107 stores microphone metrics. The electronics device 118 reads the metrics and uses the metrics in algorithms performed by the electronics device 118.
  • the electronics device 118 reads the metrics after manufacturing has been completed and after the microphone is installed in the device 119. In an illustrative embodiment, the electronics device 118 writes metrics to the memory 107 on-the-fly after manufacturing has been complete.
  • the transducer 102 converts sound energy into electrical signals and sends the electrical signals to the integrated circuit 104 for processing.
  • the memory 107 is configured to store at least one microphone characterization metric.
  • the integrated circuit 104 can use the metrics stored in the memory 107 while processing the electrical signal from the transducer 102.
  • the stored metric may be a sensitivity metric and the integrated circuit 104 can increase or decrease the sensitivity of the microphone 100 based on the stored metric.
  • the electronics device 118 reads the microphone characterization metric from the memory 107. In an illustrative embodiment, the electronics device 118 writes the microphone characterization metric to the memory 107.
  • the microphone characterization metric may be, but is not limited to, a microphone sensitivity, a low frequency roll-off, a frequency response, a phase response (e.g., within a bandwidth of interest), poles, zeroes, resonances, Q factors of resonances, acoustic overload point (AOP) limits, and/or a microphone total harmonic distortion (THD).
  • a frequency response stored in the microphone includes one or more of a low frequency roll- off, a frequency response over a bandwidth, a phase response over a bandwidth, a resonance, and a total harmonic distortion.
  • the metrics may be combinations of these elements. Other examples are possible.
  • by storing such parameters in the memory 107 such parameters need not be stored in non-volatile memory of the microphone.
  • the memory 107 may be a one-time programmable (OTP) memory, a multiple-times programmable (MTP) memory (e.g., programmable a limited number of times, such as five times), or a flash memory.
  • the memory 107 can be programmed (e.g., during manufacture, at a testing facility, etc.) to include the microphone characterization metric(s), and at least some of the metrics may not be required to be stored in non-volatile memory. Thus, the amount of non-volatile memory in the microphone can be reduced.
  • the memory 107 may be a volatile memory (e.g., a random-access memory (RAM)). In other examples, the memory 107 is a non-volatile memory (e.g., a read-only memory (ROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), etc.). Other examples are possible.
  • the microphone characterization metric is a code.
  • the code may be converted to a plurality of characterization parameters using a lookup table.
  • the microphone characterization metric are coefficients, and the coefficients are used algorithmically to reconstruct parameters or response curves.
  • a data compression method e.g., lossless or lossy
  • CRC cycle redundancy check
  • the integrated circuit 200 may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that is disposed in a microphone.
  • the integrated circuit 200 includes analog electronics 202, a logic and processing module 204, and a memory 206. In alternative embodiments, additional, fewer, and/or different elements may be used.
  • the analog electronics 202 receives an electrical signal from a transducer (e.g., the transducer 102) and converts and/or processes the signal.
  • the analog electronics may perform noise removal functions and/or convert the signal received from the transducer from one format to another format (e.g., from analog to digital).
  • the logic and processing module 204 controls the operation of the analog electronics 202.
  • the memory 206 may be a volatile memory (e.g., a random-access memory (RAM)). In other examples, the memory 206 is a non-volatile memory (e.g., a read-only memory (ROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), etc.). Other examples are possible.
  • RAM random-access memory
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • the memory 206 stores microphone characterization metrics.
  • the microphone characterization metric may be, but is not limited to, a microphone sensitivity, a low frequency roll-off, a frequency and/or phase response (e.g., within a bandwidth of interest), and/or a microphone THD.
  • the metrics may be combinations of these elements. Other examples are possible.
  • An electronics device e.g., the electronics device 118 of FIG. 1 may read and/or write these metrics to the memory 206.
  • the memory 206 is shown in FIG. 2 as being physically incorporated into or with the integrated circuit 200. In alternative embodiments, the memory 206 may be implemented as a separated integrated circuit.
  • FIG. 3 one example of an approach for reading and writing data from an electronics device to a memory in a microphone is described.
  • the example of FIG. 3 can be implemented with any number of physical wires (e.g., 1, 2, 4, etc.) between the memory and the external consumer electronics device.
  • the read and write signals can follow any suitable type of format.
  • a read signal is sent from the consumer electronics device to the integrated circuit.
  • the read signal may include an address of the memory location that is desired to be accessed.
  • the read signal is received, and the memory at the integrated circuit is accessed (e.g., the memory location indicated by the address is accessed).
  • data is returned from the integrated circuit to the consumer electronics device. For example, the data from the desired memory location is transmitted to the consumer electronics device.
  • a write operation can be made.
  • a write signal is sent from the consumer electronics device to the integrated circuit.
  • the write signal may indicate an address of a memory in the integrated circuit to which data is to be written.
  • the data to be written to the memory in the integrated circuit is transmitted from the consumer electronics device to the integrated circuit.
  • the data is stored in the memory of the integrated circuit (e.g., at the address indicated in the write signal).
  • the microphone memory does not store raw, unaltered data. Rather, the memory stores codes.
  • Each code 402 represents one or more microphone characterization metrics.
  • the code 402 may represent a sensitivity pattern or parameter set.
  • the code 402 is read out of the memory of the integrated circuit by the consumer electronics device.
  • the consumer electronics device can access a look-up table 404.
  • the code 402 is two bits and can assume four Boolean values: 00, 01, 10, and 11. The four values are indicated in rows 406, 408, 410, and 412. Each code corresponds to the parameter set indicated in its row. For example, code 00 corresponds to parameter set 1. Code 01 corresponds to parameter set 2. Code 10 corresponds to parameter set 3. Code 11 corresponds to parameter set 4. Each parameter set may include parameters and performance curves related to sensitivity, low frequency roll-off (LFRO), frequency response, and/or phase polynomial coefficients, or any other suitable metric.
  • LFRO low frequency roll-off
  • the consumer electronics device effectively can convert the code into a parameter set that is stored at the consumer electronics device.
  • the memory in the integrated circuit at the microphone does not have to store the full parameter set.
  • the memory need only have two bits. Consequently, the memory at the integrated circuit can be a very small memory and need not take up a great deal of space, thereby realizing space savings at the microphone.
  • FIG. 4 allows four parameter sets to be used, additional bits in the code allows additional parameter sets to be used.
  • the integrated circuit includes a memory that can communicate with the consumer electronics device with several physical layer approaches including, but not limited to, 4-Wire (FIG. 5), 2-Wire (FIG. 6), and 1-Wire (FIG. 7) approaches.
  • the microphone may additionally or alternatively communicate with devices other than a consumer electronics device, such as a testing and/or calibrating electronics device of a manufacturer of the microphone that stores updated characteristics in the integrated circuit (e.g., during a manufacturing or testing phase).
  • each line represents a conductive pathway between the consumer electronics device and the microphone memory.
  • the consumer electronics device sends a write request on DATA (Write) line 502 at a rate controlled by the CLOCK line 506 that is enabled when the SELECT line 508 has been properly asserted to include a specified memory address contained in the integrated circuit memory.
  • the consumer electronics device sends a read request on DATA (read) line 504 at a rate controlled by the CLOCK line 506 that is enabled when the SELECT line 508 has been properly asserted to include a specified memory address contained in the integrated circuit memory.
  • DATA Read
  • the consumer electronics device writes metric data to the memory on DATA (Write) line 502.
  • the consumer electronics device proceeds to read the metric data from memory on DATA (Read) line 504.
  • Data metrics read from integrated circuit memory can be processed in the consumer electronics device to be implemented in algorithms. For example, such algorithms may determine adjusted parameters to store in the microphone memory. In another example, the algorithms may incorporate the parameters in additional processing of the audio signal transmitted from the microphone.
  • the consumer electronics device sends a read/write request on a DATA (Write/Read) line 602 at a rate controlled by a CLOCK line 604 to a specified memory address contained in integrated circuit memory.
  • the I2C and SoundWire protocols conform to the interface of FIG. 6.
  • the data e.g., microphone characterization metrics
  • the consumer electronics device may receive an acknowledgment that data has been written to memory or read from the microphone memory over the line 602.
  • Data metrics read from integrated circuit memory may be processed in consumer electronics device to be implemented in algorithms.
  • a single wire 702 is used for communications between the consumer electronics device and the memory of the integrated circuit.
  • the consumer electronics device sends a read/write request on the DATA (Write/Read) line 702 to a specified memory address contained in the integrated circuit memory. The request is followed by the data.
  • the data is transmitted from the memory to the consumer electronics device over the line 702.
  • the data is transmitted from the consumer electronics device to the memory over the line 702.
  • the consumer electronics device receives acknowledgment that data has been written to memory or read from memory in the integrated circuit.
  • Data metrics read from integrated circuit memory are processed in consumer electronics device to be implemented to end user algorithms.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des ensembles microphones, des circuits de traitement de signal acoustique, et des procédés associés. Un procédé est mis en œuvre dans un ensemble microphone comprenant un transducteur MEMS, et des circuits de traitement disposés dans un logement formé par un couvercle et une base avec un tampon conducteur. Les circuits de traitement comprennent une mémoire stockant des informations de caractérisation de microphone. Le procédé consiste à recevoir, par l'intermédiaire du tampon conducteur de l'ensemble microphone, une requête pour les informations de caractérisation de microphone stockées dans la mémoire et transmettre, depuis l'ensemble microphone, les informations de caractérisation de microphone par l'intermédiaire du tampon conducteur en réponse à la requête. Les informations de caractérisation de microphone indiquent une caractéristique de réponse en fréquence de l'ensemble microphone.
PCT/US2017/018353 2016-02-17 2017-02-17 Mémoire de microphone WO2017143177A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662296270P 2016-02-17 2016-02-17
US62/296,270 2016-02-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017143177A1 true WO2017143177A1 (fr) 2017-08-24

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PCT/US2017/018353 WO2017143177A1 (fr) 2016-02-17 2017-02-17 Mémoire de microphone

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020126843A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Capsule de microphone, agencement de microphone pourvu de plusieurs capsules de microphone et procédé d'étalonnage d'un réseau de microphone
US11523198B2 (en) 2019-04-29 2022-12-06 Knowles Electronics, Llc OTP programmable microphone assembly

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030147540A1 (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-07 Doran Oster Microphone emulation
US20090010442A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-08 Personics Holdings Inc. Method and device for background mitigation
US20120070024A1 (en) * 2010-09-22 2012-03-22 Gn Resound A/S Hearing aid with occlusion suppression
US20150139453A1 (en) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Audio-Technica Microphone and microphone device
US20150256916A1 (en) * 2014-03-04 2015-09-10 Knowles Electronics, Llc Programmable Acoustic Device And Method For Programming The Same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030147540A1 (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-07 Doran Oster Microphone emulation
US20090010442A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-08 Personics Holdings Inc. Method and device for background mitigation
US20120070024A1 (en) * 2010-09-22 2012-03-22 Gn Resound A/S Hearing aid with occlusion suppression
US20150139453A1 (en) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Audio-Technica Microphone and microphone device
US20150256916A1 (en) * 2014-03-04 2015-09-10 Knowles Electronics, Llc Programmable Acoustic Device And Method For Programming The Same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020126843A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Capsule de microphone, agencement de microphone pourvu de plusieurs capsules de microphone et procédé d'étalonnage d'un réseau de microphone
CN113228699A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2021-08-06 森海塞尔电子股份有限及两合公司 传声器炭精盒、具有多个传声器炭精盒的传声器装置以及用于校准传声器阵列的方法
JP2022513274A (ja) * 2018-12-17 2022-02-07 ゼンハイザー・エレクトロニック・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コンパニー・コマンデイトゲゼルシャフト マイクロホンカプセル、複数のマイクロホンカプセルを備えたマイクロホン構成、およびマイクロホンアレイ較正方法
US11838723B2 (en) 2018-12-17 2023-12-05 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Microphone capsule, microphone arrangement with a plurality of microphone capsules and method for calibrating a microphone array
JP7486491B2 (ja) 2018-12-17 2024-05-17 ゼンハイザー・エレクトロニック・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コンパニー・コマンデイトゲゼルシャフト マイクロホンカプセル、複数のマイクロホンカプセルを備えたマイクロホン構成、およびマイクロホンアレイ較正方法
US11523198B2 (en) 2019-04-29 2022-12-06 Knowles Electronics, Llc OTP programmable microphone assembly

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