WO2017140208A1 - Fluid machinery and heat-exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Fluid machinery and heat-exchange apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017140208A1
WO2017140208A1 PCT/CN2017/072273 CN2017072273W WO2017140208A1 WO 2017140208 A1 WO2017140208 A1 WO 2017140208A1 CN 2017072273 W CN2017072273 W CN 2017072273W WO 2017140208 A1 WO2017140208 A1 WO 2017140208A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
limiting plate
convex ring
disposed
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2017/072273
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张金圈
杜忠诚
张荣婷
徐嘉
杨森
任丽萍
孔令超
赵庆富
Original Assignee
珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司
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Publication of WO2017140208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017140208A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange systems, in particular to a fluid machine and a heat exchange device.
  • Fluid machinery in the prior art includes a compressor, an expander, and the like. Take the compressor as an example.
  • the piston sleeve of the fluid machine has a problem of serious wear and large loss of friction power when rotating in the cylinder, and affects the stability of the pump body structure and reduces the working efficiency of the compressor after a long time.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a fluid machine and a heat exchange device to solve the problems of low fluid mechanical operation stability and low compressor working efficiency in the prior art.
  • a fluid machine comprising: an upper flange; a lower flange; a cylinder, a cylinder sandwiched between the upper flange and the lower flange; a rotating shaft; a limiting plate
  • the limiting plate has a relief hole for avoiding the rotating shaft, the avoiding hole is coaxially arranged with the cylinder, the limiting plate is sandwiched between the lower flange and the cylinder; the piston sleeve and the piston sleeve are pivotally disposed in the cylinder, and the piston sleeve a connecting convex ring extending toward one side of the lower flange, the connecting convex ring is embedded in the escape hole, and the piston sleeve is in thrust contact with one of the limiting plate or the lower flange in the axial direction of the rotating shaft and a clearance fit; a piston, the piston slidingly disposed in the piston sleeve to form a variable volume
  • the piston sleeve comprises: a sleeve body, the sleeve body and the cylinder are coaxially arranged, the sleeve body has an over-axis hole disposed along the axial center thereof; the connection convex ring is connected, the connection convex ring is coaxially arranged with the shaft hole, and the connection convex ring is connected
  • the end surface of the sleeve body facing away from the upper flange is disposed, and the end surface provided with the connecting convex ring is in thrust contact with the limiting plate, and the surface of the connecting convex ring facing away from the upper flange is matched with the lower flange.
  • the end surface provided with the connecting convex ring further has a thrust protrusion, and the thrust protrusion is in thrust contact with the limiting plate, and the protrusion height of the thrust protrusion is smaller than the protrusion height of the connection convex ring.
  • the thrust projection is a plurality of spaced-apart bumps.
  • the thrust projection is an annular convex structure.
  • the piston sleeve comprises: a sleeve body, the sleeve body and the cylinder are coaxially arranged, the sleeve body has an over-axis hole disposed along the axial center thereof; the connection convex ring is connected, the connection convex ring is coaxially arranged with the shaft hole, and the connection convex ring is connected Set at the end of the sleeve away from the side of the upper flange On the surface, the surface of the connecting convex ring facing away from the upper flange is in thrust contact with the lower flange, and the end surface of the connecting convex ring is provided with a clearance fit between the end plate and the limiting plate.
  • the escape hole is disposed coaxially or eccentrically with the limiting plate.
  • avoidance hole and the limiting plate are eccentrically disposed, and the limiting plate and the lower flange are coaxially disposed.
  • the fluid machine is a compressor or an expander.
  • a heat exchange apparatus comprising a fluid machine, the fluid machine being the fluid machine described above.
  • the piston sleeve is disposed in the cylinder and then rotated by the rotation of the piston under the driving of the rotating shaft. Since the piston sleeve is in thrust contact with one of the limiting plate or the lower flange in the axial direction of the rotating shaft and cooperates with the other gap, thereby effectively reducing the contact area between the piston sleeve and the limiting plate or the lower flange, Further, the wear of the piston sleeve during the rotation process is reduced, the friction power consumption loss is reduced, and the working efficiency of the compressor is improved.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of a compressor in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the pump body assembly of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the mounting relationship of the rotating shaft, the upper flange, the cylinder and the lower flange of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the piston sleeve of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the piston sleeve of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of the internal assembly of the pump body assembly having the piston sleeve of Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 shows a partial enlarged view of P of Figure 6
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a piston sleeve according to another alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the piston sleeve of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly of the pump body assembly having the piston sleeve of Figure 8;
  • Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of the portion Q of Figure 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a view showing the operation of the compressor of Fig. 2.
  • the term “inner or outer” as used herein refers to the inside and outside of the outline of each component, and the above-mentioned orientation words are not intended to limit the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a fluid machine and a heat exchange device, wherein the heat exchange device comprises the following fluid machine.
  • Fluid machinery mainly includes two types of compressors and expanders. Will be introduced later. Let us first introduce the general characteristics of fluid machinery.
  • the fluid machine includes an upper flange 50, a lower flange 60, a cylinder 20, a rotating shaft 10, a limiting plate 26, a piston sleeve 33 and a piston 32.
  • the cylinder 20 is sandwiched between the upper flange 50 and Between the lower flanges 60, the limiting plate 26 has a relief hole for avoiding the rotating shaft 10, the avoiding hole is coaxially disposed with the cylinder 20, and the limiting plate 26 is interposed between the lower flange 60 and the cylinder 20; the piston sleeve 33 can be
  • the piston sleeve 33 is pivotally disposed in the cylinder 20, and the piston sleeve 33 has a connecting convex ring 331 extending toward the side of the lower flange 60.
  • the connecting convex ring 331 is embedded in the escape hole, and the piston sleeve 33 is in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10
  • One of the limiting plate 26 or the lower flange 60 is in thrust contact and cooperates with the other clearance; the piston 32 is slidably disposed in the piston sleeve 33 to form a variable volume cavity, and the rotating shaft 10 passes through the upper flange 50, the cylinder 20,
  • the piston sleeve 33, the piston 32, the limiting plate 26 and the lower flange 60 slide the driving piston 32 in the piston sleeve 33, and the axial center of the rotating shaft 10 is eccentrically disposed with the axial center of the cylinder 20 and the axial center of the piston sleeve 33 and is eccentric.
  • the upper flange 50 is fixed to the cylinder 20 by the second fastener 70
  • the lower flange 60 is fixed to the cylinder 20 by the third fastener 80.
  • the second fastener 70 and/or the third fastener 80 are screws or bolts.
  • the limiting plate 26 is coupled to the cylinder 20 by a fourth fastener 81.
  • the fourth fastener 81 is a bolt or a screw.
  • the piston sleeve 33 is disposed in the cylinder 20 and is rotated by the rotation of the piston 32 under the drive of the rotary shaft 10. Since the piston sleeve 33 is in thrust contact with one of the limiting plate 26 or the lower flange 60 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, it is engaged with the other gap. Therefore, the contact area between the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26 or the lower flange 60 is effectively reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the piston sleeve 33 during the rotation process, reducing the friction power loss, and improving the working efficiency of the compressor. .
  • the axial center of the upper flange 50 and the axial center of the lower flange 60 are concentrically arranged with the axial center of the rotating shaft 10, and the axial center of the upper flange 50 and the axial center of the lower flange 60 and the shaft of the cylinder 20 Heart eccentricity setting.
  • the cylinder 20 mounted in the above manner can ensure that the eccentricity of the cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft 10 or the upper flange 50 is fixed, so that the piston 32 and the piston sleeve 33 have the characteristics of good motion stability.
  • the piston 32 slides within the piston sleeve 33 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 10. Since the cross slide mechanism is formed between the piston 32, the piston sleeve 33, the cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft 10, the movement of the piston sleeve 33 and the cylinder 20 is stabilized and continuous, and the volume change of the variable volume chamber is regular, thereby ensuring the fluid.
  • the operational stability of the machine further improves the operational reliability of the heat exchange equipment.
  • the piston 32 has a sliding hole penetratingly disposed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating shaft 10 passes through the sliding hole, and the piston 32 is rotated by the rotating shaft 10 with the rotating shaft 10 while being axially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 10. It reciprocates in the piston sleeve 33. Since the piston 32 is linearly moved relative to the rotating shaft 10 instead of rotating and reciprocating, the eccentric mass is effectively reduced, and the lateral force received by the rotating shaft 10 and the piston 32 is reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the piston 32 and improving the piston 32. Sealing performance. At the same time, the operational stability and reliability of the pump body assembly 93 are ensured, and the vibration risk of the fluid machine is reduced, and the structure of the fluid machine is simplified.
  • the piston sleeve 33 includes a sleeve body 332 and a connecting convex ring 331.
  • the sleeve body 332 is disposed coaxially with the cylinder 20, and the sleeve body 332 has a central portion disposed along the axial direction thereof.
  • the shaft hole 334, the connecting convex ring 331 and the over-axis hole 334 are disposed coaxially, and the connecting convex ring 331 is disposed on the end surface of the sleeve body 332 facing away from the upper flange 50, and is provided with an end surface and a limit of the connecting convex ring 331
  • the plate 26 is in thrust contact, and the surface of the connecting collar 331 facing away from the upper flange 50 is in clearance engagement with the lower flange 60.
  • This embodiment is a manner in which the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26 are thrust.
  • the friction between the piston sleeve 33 and the lower flange 60 can be effectively reduced, the friction power loss is reduced, and the compressor efficiency is improved.
  • the weight of the components such as the cylinder 20, the piston sleeve 33, the piston 32, the rotating shaft 10, and the like is carried by the limiting plate 26.
  • a stepped surface arrangement can be adopted to cut unnecessary contact area, avoid large-area friction, and reduce friction work. Consumption increases compressor efficiency.
  • the end surface of the connecting convex ring 331 further has a thrust protrusion 333.
  • the thrust protrusion 333 is in thrust contact with the limiting plate 26, and the protruding height of the thrust protrusion 333 is smaller than the connecting convex ring 331. Raised height.
  • the thrust protrusion 333 is supported on the limiting plate 26, thereby effectively avoiding contact between the large area of the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26, thereby reducing frictional power consumption.
  • the thrust projection 333 is an annular projection structure.
  • the thrust projection 333 of this structure has the advantage of being easy to process and having good force uniformity.
  • the thrust projection 333 is a plurality of spaced apart bumps.
  • the thrust projection 333 of this structure can further reduce the contact area with the limiting plate 26 and reduce the frictional power consumption with respect to the annular projection structure.
  • the bumps are in the shape of a hemisphere, a cylindrical bump, a cubic bump, or the like.
  • the piston sleeve 33 includes a sleeve 332 and a connecting collar 331.
  • the sleeve 332 is disposed coaxially with the cylinder 20, and the sleeve 332 has an over-axis disposed along the axial center thereof.
  • the hole 334, the connecting convex ring 331 is disposed coaxially with the over-axis hole 334, and the connecting convex ring 331 is disposed on the end surface of the sleeve body 332 facing away from the upper flange 50, and the side of the connecting convex ring 331 facing away from the upper flange 50
  • the surface is in thrust contact with the lower flange 60, and a gap fit is provided between the end surface of the connecting convex ring 331 and the limiting plate 26.
  • This embodiment is a manner in which the piston sleeve 33 and the lower flange 60 are thrust. In this way, while ensuring stable operation of the pump body assembly, the friction between the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26 can be effectively reduced, the friction power loss is reduced, and the compressor efficiency is improved.
  • the weight of the components such as the cylinder 20, the piston sleeve 33, the piston 32, the rotating shaft 10, and the like is carried by the lower flange 60. Since the piston sleeve 33 and the lower flange 60 form a thrust surface, the central plane of the piston sleeve 33 does not need to be machined, that is, the thrust projection 333 is not required to be processed, and the central plane of the piston sleeve 33 and the upper limit plate 26 are There is a gap between the surfaces without contact, thereby reducing the number of processing steps and improving the processing efficiency of the piston sleeve 33.
  • the escape hole is disposed coaxially with the limit plate 26.
  • the limiting plate 26 can be flush with the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 20, which is advantageous for improving the overall appearance of the pump body assembly and is convenient for processing and manufacturing.
  • the escape hole and the limiting plate 26 can also be arranged eccentrically.
  • the limiting plate 26 and the lower flange 60 may be disposed coaxially.
  • the limiting plate 26 can also be kept flush with the circumferential edge of the lower flange 60, and the overall aesthetics of the pump body assembly can be ensured, but the material is relatively more, which is beneficial to maintaining the overall structural stability of the pump body assembly. Sex.
  • the sleeve body 332 has a guide hole 311 disposed in the radial direction of the piston sleeve 33.
  • the piston 32 is slidably disposed in the guide hole 311 to reciprocate. Linear motion. Since the piston 32 is slidably disposed in the guiding hole 311, when the piston 32 moves left and right in the guiding hole 311, the volume of the variable volume chamber can be continuously changed, thereby ensuring the suction and exhaust stability of the fluid machine.
  • the compressor further includes a support plate 61.
  • the support plate 61 is disposed on an end surface of the lower flange 60 away from the cylinder 20, and the support plate 61 is disposed coaxially with the lower flange 60, and the rotating shaft 10 passes through.
  • the through hole on the lower flange 60 is supported on the support plate 61 having a shaft thrust surface 611 for supporting the rotary shaft 10. Since the support plate 61 is provided for supporting the rotary shaft 10, the connection reliability between the components is improved.
  • the support plate 61 is coupled to the cylinder 20 by a fifth fastener 82.
  • the fifth fastener 82 is a bolt or a screw.
  • the illustrated fluid machine is a compressor including a dispenser component 90, a housing assembly 91, a motor assembly 92, a pump body assembly 93, an upper cover assembly 94, and a lower cover and mounting plate 95.
  • the dispenser part 90 is disposed outside the housing assembly 91
  • the upper cover assembly 94 is assembled to the upper end of the housing assembly 91
  • the lower cover and mounting plate 95 are assembled to the housing assembly
  • the motor assembly 92 and the pump body assembly 93 are both located inside the housing assembly 91
  • the motor assembly 92 is disposed above the pump body assembly 93.
  • the pump body assembly 93 of the compressor includes the upper flange 50, the lower flange 60, the cylinder 20, the rotating shaft 10, the piston sleeve 33, and the piston 32 described above.
  • the above components are joined by welding, hot jacketing, or cold pressing.
  • the assembly process of the entire pump body assembly 93 is as follows: the piston 32 is mounted in the guide hole 311, the connecting convex ring 331 is mounted on the limiting plate 26, and the limiting plate 26 is fixedly coupled to the lower flange 60, while the cylinder 20 and the piston sleeve 33 are attached. Coaxially mounted, the lower flange 60 is fixed to the cylinder 20, and the sliding mating surface of the rotating shaft 10 is fitted with a pair of parallel surfaces of the sliding holes of the piston 32, and the upper flange 50 fixes the upper half of the rotating shaft 10, At the same time, the upper flange 50 is fixed to the cylinder 20 by screws. Thereby the assembly of the pump body assembly 93 is completed.
  • the compressor i.e., fluid machine
  • the compressor further includes an exhaust valve assembly 40 disposed at a compressed exhaust port of the compressor. Since the exhaust valve assembly 40 is disposed at the compression exhaust port of the compressor, a large amount of gas leakage in the variable volume chamber is effectively avoided, and the compression efficiency of the variable volume chamber is ensured.
  • the outer wall of the cylinder wall is provided with a receiving groove 25 through which the compressed exhaust port of the compressor passes, and the exhaust valve assembly 40 is disposed in the receiving groove 25. Since the accommodating groove 25 for accommodating the vent valve assembly 40 is provided, the space occupied by the vent valve assembly 40 is reduced, and the components are properly disposed, thereby increasing the space utilization of the cylinder 20.
  • the exhaust valve assembly 40 includes an exhaust valve plate 41 and a valve flapper 42 that is disposed in the receiving groove 25 and blocks the compressed exhaust port of the compressor, and the valve flapper 42 is stacked On the exhaust valve piece 41. Since the valve flapper 42 is provided, the exhaust valve flap 41 is effectively prevented from being excessively opened, and the exhaust performance of the cylinder 20 is ensured.
  • the exhaust valve flap 41 and the valve flapper 42 are connected by a first fastener 43.
  • the first fastener 43 is a screw.
  • the rotary shaft 10 about the axis 12 of a shaft 10 rotatably O; cylinder axis of the cylinder 20 O 2 20 to rotate about the cylinder axis and the axis 20 of the shaft 10
  • the center of the heart is eccentrically set and the eccentric distance is fixed; the piston 32 rotates with the rotating shaft 10 under the driving of the rotating shaft 10 and simultaneously reciprocates in the piston sleeve 33 in the axial direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 10.
  • the fluid machine operated by the above method constitutes a cross slider mechanism, and the operation method adopts the principle of a cross slider mechanism, wherein the piston 32 serves as a slider, and the sliding mating surface of the rotating shaft 10 serves as the first connecting rod l 1 and the piston sleeve
  • the guide hole 311 of 33 serves as the second link l 2 (please refer to FIG. 12).
  • the axis O 1 of the rotating shaft 10 corresponds to the center of rotation of the first link l 1
  • the axis O 2 of the cylinder 20 corresponds to the center of rotation of the second link 12
  • the slip fit surface of the rotating shaft 10 is equivalent
  • the pilot hole 311 of the piston sleeve 33 corresponds to the second link l 2
  • the piston 32 corresponds to the slider.
  • the guiding hole 311 and the sliding mating surface are perpendicular to each other; the piston 32 can only reciprocate relative to the guiding hole 311, and the piston 32 can only reciprocate relative to the sliding mating surface.
  • the piston 32 can be reduced to the centroid found, which running track is a circular motion
  • the circular cylinder axis is the axis O 20 O 2 and the connection shaft 10 of a diameter of a circle.
  • the slider When the second link 12 moves in a circular motion, the slider can reciprocate along the second link 12 ; at the same time, the slider can reciprocate along the first link 11 .
  • the first link and the second link l 1 l 2 remain vertically, so that the slider along the first link l 1 reciprocates along the direction perpendicular to the second slider link l 2 reciprocating direction.
  • the relative motion relationship between the first link l 1 and the second link l 2 and the piston 32 forms the principle of the cross slider mechanism.
  • the compressor exchanges the suction and exhaust ports and can be used as an expander. That is, the exhaust port of the compressor is used as an intake port of the expander, high-pressure gas is introduced, and other push mechanisms are rotated, and after being expanded, the gas is exhausted through the intake port of the compressor (expander port of the expander).

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is fluid machinery, comprising an upper flange (50), a lower flange (60), a cylinder (20), a rotary shaft (10), a limiting plate (26), a piston bush (33) and a piston (32). The cylinder (20) is interposed between the upper flange (50) and the lower flange (60). The limiting plate (26) has an accommodating hole which is used for accommodating the rotary shaft (10) and is arranged coaxially with the cylinder (20). The limiting plate (26) is interposed between the lower flange (60) and the cylinder (20). The piston bush (33) is pivotally arranged within the cylinder (20). The piston bush (33) has a connecting convex ring (331) extending toward a side of the lower flange (60). The connecting convex ring (331) is embedded in the accommodating hole. The piston bush (33) is in contact with one of the limiting plate (26) and the lower flange (60) in an anti-pushing manner in the axial direction of the rotary shaft (10) and is in clearance fit with the other. The piston (32) is slidably arranged in the piston bush (33) to form a volume-variable cavity. The rotary shaft (10) passes through the upper flange (50), the cylinder (20), the piston bush (33), the piston (32), the limiting plate (26) and the lower flange (60) so as to drive the piston (32) to slide in the piston bush (33). Further disclosed is a heat-exchange apparatus having the fluid machinery. The fluid machinery solves the problems of low operational stability of fluid machinery and low operating efficiency of compressors in the prior art.

Description

流体机械和换热设备Fluid machinery and heat exchange equipment 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及换热***技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种流体机械和换热设备。The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange systems, in particular to a fluid machine and a heat exchange device.
背景技术Background technique
现有技术中的流体机械包括压缩机和膨胀机等。以压缩机为例。Fluid machinery in the prior art includes a compressor, an expander, and the like. Take the compressor as an example.
现有技术中的流体机械的活塞套在气缸内转动时存在磨损严重、摩擦功率损失大的问题，长时间后会影响泵体结构的稳定性，降低压缩机的工作效率。In the prior art, the piston sleeve of the fluid machine has a problem of serious wear and large loss of friction power when rotating in the cylinder, and affects the stability of the pump body structure and reduces the working efficiency of the compressor after a long time.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种流体机械和换热设备，以解决现有技术中流体机械运行稳定性低、压缩机工作效率低的问题。The main object of the present invention is to provide a fluid machine and a heat exchange device to solve the problems of low fluid mechanical operation stability and low compressor working efficiency in the prior art.
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种流体机械，包括：上法兰；下法兰；气缸，气缸夹设在上法兰与下法兰之间；转轴；限位板，限位板具有用于避让转轴的避让孔，避让孔与气缸同轴设置，限位板夹设在下法兰与气缸之间；活塞套，活塞套可枢转地设置在气缸内，活塞套具有朝向下法兰一侧伸出的连接凸环，连接凸环嵌设在避让孔内，活塞套在转轴的轴向上与限位板或下法兰二者之一止推接触并与另一个间隙配合；活塞，活塞滑动设置在活塞套内以形成变容积腔，转轴穿过上法兰、气缸、活塞套、活塞、限位板和下法兰以驱动活塞在活塞套内滑动，转轴的轴心与气缸的轴心和活塞套的轴心偏心设置且偏心距离固定。In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the invention, a fluid machine is provided, comprising: an upper flange; a lower flange; a cylinder, a cylinder sandwiched between the upper flange and the lower flange; a rotating shaft; a limiting plate The limiting plate has a relief hole for avoiding the rotating shaft, the avoiding hole is coaxially arranged with the cylinder, the limiting plate is sandwiched between the lower flange and the cylinder; the piston sleeve and the piston sleeve are pivotally disposed in the cylinder, and the piston sleeve a connecting convex ring extending toward one side of the lower flange, the connecting convex ring is embedded in the escape hole, and the piston sleeve is in thrust contact with one of the limiting plate or the lower flange in the axial direction of the rotating shaft and a clearance fit; a piston, the piston slidingly disposed in the piston sleeve to form a variable volume chamber, the rotating shaft passing through the upper flange, the cylinder, the piston sleeve, the piston, the limiting plate and the lower flange to drive the piston to slide in the piston sleeve, the rotating shaft The axis of the shaft is eccentric with the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the piston sleeve and the eccentric distance is fixed.
进一步地，活塞套包括：套体，套体与气缸同轴设置，套体具有沿其轴向中心设置的过轴孔；连接凸环，连接凸环与过轴孔同轴设置，连接凸环设置在套体的背离上法兰一侧的端面上，且设置有连接凸环的端面与限位板止推接触，连接凸环的背离上法兰一侧的表面与下法兰间隙配合。Further, the piston sleeve comprises: a sleeve body, the sleeve body and the cylinder are coaxially arranged, the sleeve body has an over-axis hole disposed along the axial center thereof; the connection convex ring is connected, the connection convex ring is coaxially arranged with the shaft hole, and the connection convex ring is connected The end surface of the sleeve body facing away from the upper flange is disposed, and the end surface provided with the connecting convex ring is in thrust contact with the limiting plate, and the surface of the connecting convex ring facing away from the upper flange is matched with the lower flange.
进一步地，设置有连接凸环的端面上还具有止推凸起，止推凸起与限位板止推接触，且止推凸起的凸起高度小于连接凸环的凸起高度。Further, the end surface provided with the connecting convex ring further has a thrust protrusion, and the thrust protrusion is in thrust contact with the limiting plate, and the protrusion height of the thrust protrusion is smaller than the protrusion height of the connection convex ring.
进一步地，止推凸起为多个间隔排列的凸点。Further, the thrust projection is a plurality of spaced-apart bumps.
进一步地，止推凸起为环状凸起结构。Further, the thrust projection is an annular convex structure.
进一步地，活塞套包括：套体，套体与气缸同轴设置，套体具有沿其轴向中心设置的过轴孔；连接凸环，连接凸环与过轴孔同轴设置，连接凸环设置在套体的背离上法兰一侧的端 面上，连接凸环的背离上法兰一侧的表面与下法兰止推接触，设置有连接凸环的端面与限位板之间间隙配合。Further, the piston sleeve comprises: a sleeve body, the sleeve body and the cylinder are coaxially arranged, the sleeve body has an over-axis hole disposed along the axial center thereof; the connection convex ring is connected, the connection convex ring is coaxially arranged with the shaft hole, and the connection convex ring is connected Set at the end of the sleeve away from the side of the upper flange On the surface, the surface of the connecting convex ring facing away from the upper flange is in thrust contact with the lower flange, and the end surface of the connecting convex ring is provided with a clearance fit between the end plate and the limiting plate.
进一步地，避让孔与限位板同轴设置或偏心设置。Further, the escape hole is disposed coaxially or eccentrically with the limiting plate.
进一步地，避让孔与限位板偏心设置，限位板与下法兰同轴设置。Further, the avoidance hole and the limiting plate are eccentrically disposed, and the limiting plate and the lower flange are coaxially disposed.
进一步地，流体机械是压缩机或膨胀机。Further, the fluid machine is a compressor or an expander.
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种换热设备，包括流体机械，流体机械是上述的流体机械。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat exchange apparatus comprising a fluid machine, the fluid machine being the fluid machine described above.
应用本发明的技术方案，活塞套设置在气缸内后在转轴的驱动下随活塞的转动而转动。由于活塞套在转轴的轴向上与限位板或下法兰二者之一止推接触的同时与另一个间隙配合，从而有效减少了活塞套与限位板或下法兰的接触面积，进而降低了活塞套在转动过程中产生的磨损、减小了摩擦功耗损失、提高了压缩机的工作效率。According to the technical solution of the present invention, the piston sleeve is disposed in the cylinder and then rotated by the rotation of the piston under the driving of the rotating shaft. Since the piston sleeve is in thrust contact with one of the limiting plate or the lower flange in the axial direction of the rotating shaft and cooperates with the other gap, thereby effectively reducing the contact area between the piston sleeve and the limiting plate or the lower flange, Further, the wear of the piston sleeve during the rotation process is reduced, the friction power consumption loss is reduced, and the working efficiency of the compressor is improved.
附图说明DRAWINGS
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in the claims of the claims In the drawing:
图1示出了根据本发明的一个可选实施例的压缩机的结构示意图；Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of a compressor in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
图2示出了图1中的泵体组件的***图；Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the pump body assembly of Figure 1;
图3示出了图1中的转轴、上法兰、气缸和下法兰的安装关系示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the mounting relationship of the rotating shaft, the upper flange, the cylinder and the lower flange of Figure 1;
图4示出了图1中活塞套的结构示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the piston sleeve of Figure 1;
图5示出了图4中的活塞套的内部结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the piston sleeve of Figure 4;
图6示出了具有图4中的活塞套的泵体组件的内部装配示意图；Figure 6 shows a schematic view of the internal assembly of the pump body assembly having the piston sleeve of Figure 4;
图7示出了图6的P处局部放大图；Figure 7 shows a partial enlarged view of P of Figure 6;
图8示出了根据本发明的另一个可选实施例的活塞套的结构示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a piston sleeve according to another alternative embodiment of the present invention;
图9示出了图8中的活塞套的内部结构示意图；Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the piston sleeve of Figure 8;
图10示出了具有图8中的活塞套的泵体组件的内部装配示意图；Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the internal assembly of the pump body assembly having the piston sleeve of Figure 8;
图11示出了图10的Q处局部放大图；Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of the portion Q of Figure 10;
图12示出了图2中的压缩机的工作原理图。Fig. 12 is a view showing the operation of the compressor of Fig. 2.
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记： Wherein, the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10、转轴；20、气缸；25、容纳槽；26、限位板；311、导向孔；32、活塞；33、活塞套；331、连接凸环；332、套体；333、止推凸起；334、过轴孔；40、排气阀组件；41、排气阀片；42、阀片挡板；43、第一紧固件；50、上法兰；60、下法兰；61、支撑板；611、转轴止推面；70、第二紧固件；80、第三紧固件；81、第四紧固件；82、第五紧固件；90、分液器部件；91、壳体组件；92、电机组件；93、泵体组件；94、上盖组件；95、下盖及安装板。10, rotating shaft; 20, cylinder; 25, receiving groove; 26, limiting plate; 311, guiding hole; 32, piston; 33, piston sleeve; 331, connecting convex ring; 332, sleeve body; 333, thrust projection 334, through shaft hole; 40, exhaust valve assembly; 41, exhaust valve plate; 42, valve plate baffle; 43, first fastener; 50, upper flange; 60, lower flange; Support plate; 611, shaft thrust surface; 70, second fastener; 80, third fastener; 81, fourth fastener; 82, fifth fastener; 90, dispenser part; , housing assembly; 92, motor assembly; 93, pump body assembly; 94, upper cover assembly; 95, lower cover and mounting plate.
具体实施方式detailed description
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide a further description of the application. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise indicated.
在本发明中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内、外，但上述方位词并不用于限制本发明。In the present invention, the term "inner or outer" as used herein refers to the inside and outside of the outline of each component, and the above-mentioned orientation words are not intended to limit the present invention.
为了解决现有技术中流体机械运行稳定性低、压缩机工作效率低的问题，本发明提供了一种流体机械和换热设备，其中，换热设备包括下述的流体机械。In order to solve the problems of low fluid machine running stability and low compressor working efficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides a fluid machine and a heat exchange device, wherein the heat exchange device comprises the following fluid machine.
流体机械主要包括压缩机和膨胀机两类。后面将分别介绍。先来介绍流体机械通用的特征。Fluid machinery mainly includes two types of compressors and expanders. Will be introduced later. Let us first introduce the general characteristics of fluid machinery.
如图2至图11所示，流体机械包括上法兰50、下法兰60、气缸20、转轴10、限位板26、活塞套33和活塞32，气缸20夹设在上法兰50与下法兰60之间，限位板26具有用于避让转轴10的避让孔，避让孔与气缸20同轴设置，限位板26夹设在下法兰60与气缸20之间；活塞套33可枢转地设置在气缸20内，活塞套33具有朝向下法兰60一侧伸出的连接凸环331，连接凸环331嵌设在避让孔内，活塞套33在转轴10的轴向上与限位板26或下法兰60二者之一止推接触并与另一个间隙配合；活塞32滑动设置在活塞套33内以形成变容积腔，转轴10穿过上法兰50、气缸20、活塞套33、活塞32、限位板26和下法兰60以驱动活塞32在活塞套33内滑动，转轴10的轴心与气缸20的轴心和活塞套33的轴心偏心设置且偏心距离固定。其中，上法兰50通过第二紧固件70与气缸20固定，下法兰60通过第三紧固件80与气缸20固定。As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 11, the fluid machine includes an upper flange 50, a lower flange 60, a cylinder 20, a rotating shaft 10, a limiting plate 26, a piston sleeve 33 and a piston 32. The cylinder 20 is sandwiched between the upper flange 50 and Between the lower flanges 60, the limiting plate 26 has a relief hole for avoiding the rotating shaft 10, the avoiding hole is coaxially disposed with the cylinder 20, and the limiting plate 26 is interposed between the lower flange 60 and the cylinder 20; the piston sleeve 33 can be The piston sleeve 33 is pivotally disposed in the cylinder 20, and the piston sleeve 33 has a connecting convex ring 331 extending toward the side of the lower flange 60. The connecting convex ring 331 is embedded in the escape hole, and the piston sleeve 33 is in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10 One of the limiting plate 26 or the lower flange 60 is in thrust contact and cooperates with the other clearance; the piston 32 is slidably disposed in the piston sleeve 33 to form a variable volume cavity, and the rotating shaft 10 passes through the upper flange 50, the cylinder 20, The piston sleeve 33, the piston 32, the limiting plate 26 and the lower flange 60 slide the driving piston 32 in the piston sleeve 33, and the axial center of the rotating shaft 10 is eccentrically disposed with the axial center of the cylinder 20 and the axial center of the piston sleeve 33 and is eccentric. fixed. The upper flange 50 is fixed to the cylinder 20 by the second fastener 70, and the lower flange 60 is fixed to the cylinder 20 by the third fastener 80.
优选地，第二紧固件70和/或第三紧固件80为螺钉或螺栓。Preferably, the second fastener 70 and/or the third fastener 80 are screws or bolts.
如图2所示，限位板26通过第四紧固件81与气缸20连接。As shown in FIG. 2, the limiting plate 26 is coupled to the cylinder 20 by a fourth fastener 81.
优选地，第四紧固件81为螺栓或螺钉。Preferably, the fourth fastener 81 is a bolt or a screw.
活塞套33设置在气缸20内后在转轴10的驱动下随活塞32的转动而转动。由于活塞套33在转轴10的轴向上与限位板26或下法兰60二者之一止推接触的同时与另一个间隙配合， 从而有效减少了活塞套33与限位板26或下法兰60的接触面积，进而降低了活塞套33在转动过程中产生的磨损、减小了摩擦功耗损失、提高了压缩机的工作效率。The piston sleeve 33 is disposed in the cylinder 20 and is rotated by the rotation of the piston 32 under the drive of the rotary shaft 10. Since the piston sleeve 33 is in thrust contact with one of the limiting plate 26 or the lower flange 60 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, it is engaged with the other gap. Therefore, the contact area between the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26 or the lower flange 60 is effectively reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the piston sleeve 33 during the rotation process, reducing the friction power loss, and improving the working efficiency of the compressor. .
需要说明的是，上法兰50的轴心和下法兰60的轴心与转轴10的轴心同心设置，且上法兰50的轴心和下法兰60的轴心与气缸20的轴心偏心设置。以上述方式安装的气缸20，能够保证气缸20与转轴10或上法兰50的偏心距固定，从而使活塞32和活塞套33具有运动稳定性好的特点。It should be noted that the axial center of the upper flange 50 and the axial center of the lower flange 60 are concentrically arranged with the axial center of the rotating shaft 10, and the axial center of the upper flange 50 and the axial center of the lower flange 60 and the shaft of the cylinder 20 Heart eccentricity setting. The cylinder 20 mounted in the above manner can ensure that the eccentricity of the cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft 10 or the upper flange 50 is fixed, so that the piston 32 and the piston sleeve 33 have the characteristics of good motion stability.
具体而言，活塞32沿垂直于转轴10的轴线的方向在活塞套33内滑动。由于活塞32、活塞套33、气缸20和转轴10之间形成十字滑块机构，因而使活塞套33与气缸20的运动稳定且连续，并保证变容积腔的容积变化具有规律，从而保证了流体机械的运行稳定性，进而提高了换热设备的工作可靠性。Specifically, the piston 32 slides within the piston sleeve 33 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 10. Since the cross slide mechanism is formed between the piston 32, the piston sleeve 33, the cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft 10, the movement of the piston sleeve 33 and the cylinder 20 is stabilized and continuous, and the volume change of the variable volume chamber is regular, thereby ensuring the fluid. The operational stability of the machine further improves the operational reliability of the heat exchange equipment.
更具体地，活塞32具有沿转轴10的轴向贯通设置的滑移孔，转轴10穿过滑移孔，活塞32在转轴10的驱动下随转轴10旋转并同时沿垂直于转轴10的轴线方向在活塞套33内往复滑动。由于使活塞32相对于转轴10做直线运动而非旋转往复运动，因而有效降低了偏心质量，降低了转轴10和活塞32受到的侧向力，从而降低了活塞32的磨损、提高了活塞32的密封性能。同时，保证了泵体组件93的运行稳定性和可靠性，并降低了流体机械的振动风险、简化了流体机械的结构。More specifically, the piston 32 has a sliding hole penetratingly disposed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating shaft 10 passes through the sliding hole, and the piston 32 is rotated by the rotating shaft 10 with the rotating shaft 10 while being axially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 10. It reciprocates in the piston sleeve 33. Since the piston 32 is linearly moved relative to the rotating shaft 10 instead of rotating and reciprocating, the eccentric mass is effectively reduced, and the lateral force received by the rotating shaft 10 and the piston 32 is reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the piston 32 and improving the piston 32. Sealing performance. At the same time, the operational stability and reliability of the pump body assembly 93 are ensured, and the vibration risk of the fluid machine is reduced, and the structure of the fluid machine is simplified.
在图4至图7所示的具体实施方式中，，活塞套33包括套体332和连接凸环331，套体332与气缸20同轴设置，套体332具有沿其轴向中心设置的过轴孔334，连接凸环331与过轴孔334同轴设置，连接凸环331设置在套体332的背离上法兰50一侧的端面上，且设置有连接凸环331的端面与限位板26止推接触，连接凸环331的背离上法兰50一侧的表面与下法兰60间隙配合。该实施方式为活塞套33与限位板26止推的方式。此种方式，在保证泵体组件稳定运行的同时，还可以有效降低活塞套33与下法兰60间的摩擦，减小了摩擦功率损失，提高了压缩机效率。在该实施方式中，由限位板26来承载气缸20、活塞套33、活塞32、转轴10等零件的重量。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, the piston sleeve 33 includes a sleeve body 332 and a connecting convex ring 331. The sleeve body 332 is disposed coaxially with the cylinder 20, and the sleeve body 332 has a central portion disposed along the axial direction thereof. The shaft hole 334, the connecting convex ring 331 and the over-axis hole 334 are disposed coaxially, and the connecting convex ring 331 is disposed on the end surface of the sleeve body 332 facing away from the upper flange 50, and is provided with an end surface and a limit of the connecting convex ring 331 The plate 26 is in thrust contact, and the surface of the connecting collar 331 facing away from the upper flange 50 is in clearance engagement with the lower flange 60. This embodiment is a manner in which the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26 are thrust. In this way, while ensuring stable operation of the pump body assembly, the friction between the piston sleeve 33 and the lower flange 60 can be effectively reduced, the friction power loss is reduced, and the compressor efficiency is improved. In this embodiment, the weight of the components such as the cylinder 20, the piston sleeve 33, the piston 32, the rotating shaft 10, and the like is carried by the limiting plate 26.
为了减小活塞套33与限位板26上表面之间的摩擦面积，降低摩擦功耗，可采用台阶面的布置形式，切削掉不必要的接触面积，避免产生大面积摩擦，降低了摩擦功耗，提高了压缩机效率。In order to reduce the friction area between the piston sleeve 33 and the upper surface of the limiting plate 26, and reduce the frictional power consumption, a stepped surface arrangement can be adopted to cut unnecessary contact area, avoid large-area friction, and reduce friction work. Consumption increases compressor efficiency.
具体而言，设置有连接凸环331的端面上还具有止推凸起333，止推凸起333与限位板26止推接触，且止推凸起333的凸起高度小于连接凸环331的凸起高度。当活塞套33与限位板26接触支撑时，止推凸起333支撑在限位板26上，有效避免活塞套33大面积与限位板26接触摩擦，从而减小了摩擦功耗。Specifically, the end surface of the connecting convex ring 331 further has a thrust protrusion 333. The thrust protrusion 333 is in thrust contact with the limiting plate 26, and the protruding height of the thrust protrusion 333 is smaller than the connecting convex ring 331. Raised height. When the piston sleeve 33 is in contact with the limiting plate 26, the thrust protrusion 333 is supported on the limiting plate 26, thereby effectively avoiding contact between the large area of the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26, thereby reducing frictional power consumption.
如图5所示，止推凸起333为环状凸起结构。这种结构的止推凸起333具有便于加工，受力均一性好的优点。 As shown in FIG. 5, the thrust projection 333 is an annular projection structure. The thrust projection 333 of this structure has the advantage of being easy to process and having good force uniformity.
在一个未图示的可选实施方式中，止推凸起333为多个间隔排列的凸点。这种结构的止推凸起333，相对于环状凸起结构而言，能够进一步减少其与限位板26的接触面积，降低摩擦功耗。In an alternative embodiment not shown, the thrust projection 333 is a plurality of spaced apart bumps. The thrust projection 333 of this structure can further reduce the contact area with the limiting plate 26 and reduce the frictional power consumption with respect to the annular projection structure.
可选地，凸点呈半球形、圆柱凸块、立方体凸块等形状。Optionally, the bumps are in the shape of a hemisphere, a cylindrical bump, a cubic bump, or the like.
在图8至图11所示的具体实施方式中，活塞套33包括套体332和连接凸环331，套体332与气缸20同轴设置，套体332具有沿其轴向中心设置的过轴孔334，连接凸环331与过轴孔334同轴设置，连接凸环331设置在套体332的背离上法兰50一侧的端面上，连接凸环331的背离上法兰50一侧的表面与下法兰60止推接触，设置有连接凸环331的端面与限位板26之间间隙配合。该实施方式为活塞套33与下法兰60止推的方式。此种方式，在保证泵体组件稳定运行的同时，还可以有效降低活塞套33与限位板26间的摩擦，减小了摩擦功率损失，提高了压缩机效率。In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-11, the piston sleeve 33 includes a sleeve 332 and a connecting collar 331. The sleeve 332 is disposed coaxially with the cylinder 20, and the sleeve 332 has an over-axis disposed along the axial center thereof. The hole 334, the connecting convex ring 331 is disposed coaxially with the over-axis hole 334, and the connecting convex ring 331 is disposed on the end surface of the sleeve body 332 facing away from the upper flange 50, and the side of the connecting convex ring 331 facing away from the upper flange 50 The surface is in thrust contact with the lower flange 60, and a gap fit is provided between the end surface of the connecting convex ring 331 and the limiting plate 26. This embodiment is a manner in which the piston sleeve 33 and the lower flange 60 are thrust. In this way, while ensuring stable operation of the pump body assembly, the friction between the piston sleeve 33 and the limiting plate 26 can be effectively reduced, the friction power loss is reduced, and the compressor efficiency is improved.
在该实施方式中，由下法兰60来承载气缸20、活塞套33、活塞32、转轴10等零件的重量。由于活塞套33与下法兰60形成止推面，因此活塞套33中部平面不需要加工台阶面，也就是不需要加工止推凸起333，且活塞套33中部平面与限位板26的上表面之间不接触具有间隙，从而减少了加工工序，提高了活塞套33的加工效率。In this embodiment, the weight of the components such as the cylinder 20, the piston sleeve 33, the piston 32, the rotating shaft 10, and the like is carried by the lower flange 60. Since the piston sleeve 33 and the lower flange 60 form a thrust surface, the central plane of the piston sleeve 33 does not need to be machined, that is, the thrust projection 333 is not required to be processed, and the central plane of the piston sleeve 33 and the upper limit plate 26 are There is a gap between the surfaces without contact, thereby reducing the number of processing steps and improving the processing efficiency of the piston sleeve 33.
如图10所示，避让孔与限位板26同轴设置。此时，限位板26能够与气缸20的外周面保持平齐，有利于提高泵体组件的整体美观性，且便于加工制造。As shown in FIG. 10, the escape hole is disposed coaxially with the limit plate 26. At this time, the limiting plate 26 can be flush with the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 20, which is advantageous for improving the overall appearance of the pump body assembly and is convenient for processing and manufacturing.
当然，避让孔与限位板26还可以偏心设置。此时，限位板26与下法兰60可以同轴设置。此时，限位板26也可以保持与下法兰60的周向边缘平齐，也可以保证泵体组件的整体美观性，但用料相对较多，有利于保持泵体组件的整体结构稳定性。Of course, the escape hole and the limiting plate 26 can also be arranged eccentrically. At this time, the limiting plate 26 and the lower flange 60 may be disposed coaxially. At this time, the limiting plate 26 can also be kept flush with the circumferential edge of the lower flange 60, and the overall aesthetics of the pump body assembly can be ensured, but the material is relatively more, which is beneficial to maintaining the overall structural stability of the pump body assembly. Sex.
在图4、图5、图8和图9所示的优选实施方式中，套体332中具有沿活塞套33的径向贯通设置的导向孔311，活塞32滑动设置在导向孔311内以往复直线运动。由于活塞32滑动设置在导向孔311内，因而当活塞32在导向孔311内左右运动时，可以使变容积腔的容积不断变化，从而保证流体机械的吸气、排气稳定性。In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the sleeve body 332 has a guide hole 311 disposed in the radial direction of the piston sleeve 33. The piston 32 is slidably disposed in the guide hole 311 to reciprocate. Linear motion. Since the piston 32 is slidably disposed in the guiding hole 311, when the piston 32 moves left and right in the guiding hole 311, the volume of the variable volume chamber can be continuously changed, thereby ensuring the suction and exhaust stability of the fluid machine.
如图2所示，压缩机还包括支撑板61，支撑板61设置在下法兰60的远离气缸20一侧的端面上，且支撑板61与下法兰60同轴心设置，转轴10穿过下法兰60上的通孔支撑在支撑板61上，支撑板61具有用于支撑转轴10的转轴止推面611。由于设置有支撑板61用于支撑转轴10，因而提高了各部件间的连接可靠性。As shown in FIG. 2, the compressor further includes a support plate 61. The support plate 61 is disposed on an end surface of the lower flange 60 away from the cylinder 20, and the support plate 61 is disposed coaxially with the lower flange 60, and the rotating shaft 10 passes through. The through hole on the lower flange 60 is supported on the support plate 61 having a shaft thrust surface 611 for supporting the rotary shaft 10. Since the support plate 61 is provided for supporting the rotary shaft 10, the connection reliability between the components is improved.
如图2所示，支撑板61通过第五紧固件82与气缸20连接。As shown in FIG. 2, the support plate 61 is coupled to the cylinder 20 by a fifth fastener 82.
优选地，第五紧固件82为螺栓或螺钉。Preferably, the fifth fastener 82 is a bolt or a screw.
如图1所示，图示的流体机械为压缩机，该压缩机包括分液器部件90、壳体组件91、电机组件92、泵体组件93、上盖组件94和下盖及安装板95，其中，分液器部件90设置在壳体组件91的外部，上盖组件94装配在壳体组件91的上端，下盖及安装板95装配在壳体组件 91的下端，电机组件92和泵体组件93均位于壳体组件91的内部，且电机组件92设置在泵体组件93的上方。压缩机的泵体组件93包括上述的上法兰50、下法兰60、气缸20、转轴10、活塞套33和活塞32。As shown in FIG. 1, the illustrated fluid machine is a compressor including a dispenser component 90, a housing assembly 91, a motor assembly 92, a pump body assembly 93, an upper cover assembly 94, and a lower cover and mounting plate 95. Wherein the dispenser part 90 is disposed outside the housing assembly 91, the upper cover assembly 94 is assembled to the upper end of the housing assembly 91, and the lower cover and mounting plate 95 are assembled to the housing assembly At the lower end of the 91, the motor assembly 92 and the pump body assembly 93 are both located inside the housing assembly 91, and the motor assembly 92 is disposed above the pump body assembly 93. The pump body assembly 93 of the compressor includes the upper flange 50, the lower flange 60, the cylinder 20, the rotating shaft 10, the piston sleeve 33, and the piston 32 described above.
优选地，上述各部件通过焊接、热套、或冷压的方式连接。Preferably, the above components are joined by welding, hot jacketing, or cold pressing.
整个泵体组件93的装配过程如下：活塞32安装在导向孔311中，连接凸环331安装在限位板26上，限位板26固定与下法兰60连接，同时气缸20与活塞套33同轴安装，下法兰60固定于气缸20上，转轴10的滑移配合面与活塞32的滑移孔的一对相平行的表面配合安装，上法兰50固定转轴10的上半段，同时上法兰50通过螺钉固定于气缸20上。从而完成泵体组件93的装配。The assembly process of the entire pump body assembly 93 is as follows: the piston 32 is mounted in the guide hole 311, the connecting convex ring 331 is mounted on the limiting plate 26, and the limiting plate 26 is fixedly coupled to the lower flange 60, while the cylinder 20 and the piston sleeve 33 are attached. Coaxially mounted, the lower flange 60 is fixed to the cylinder 20, and the sliding mating surface of the rotating shaft 10 is fitted with a pair of parallel surfaces of the sliding holes of the piston 32, and the upper flange 50 fixes the upper half of the rotating shaft 10, At the same time, the upper flange 50 is fixed to the cylinder 20 by screws. Thereby the assembly of the pump body assembly 93 is completed.
优选地，压缩机(也就是流体机械)还包括排气阀组件40，排气阀组件40设置在压缩机的压缩排气口处。由于在压缩机的压缩排气口处设置有排气阀组件40，因而有效避免变容积腔内气体大量泄漏，保证了变容积腔的压缩效率。Preferably, the compressor (i.e., fluid machine) further includes an exhaust valve assembly 40 disposed at a compressed exhaust port of the compressor. Since the exhaust valve assembly 40 is disposed at the compression exhaust port of the compressor, a large amount of gas leakage in the variable volume chamber is effectively avoided, and the compression efficiency of the variable volume chamber is ensured.
在图5所示的优选实施方式中，气缸壁的外壁上开设有容纳槽25，压缩机的压缩排气口贯通容纳槽25的槽底，排气阀组件40设置在容纳槽25内。由于设置有用于容纳排气阀组件40的容纳槽25，因而减少了排气阀组件40的占用空间，使部件合理设置，从而提高了气缸20的空间利用率。In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the outer wall of the cylinder wall is provided with a receiving groove 25 through which the compressed exhaust port of the compressor passes, and the exhaust valve assembly 40 is disposed in the receiving groove 25. Since the accommodating groove 25 for accommodating the vent valve assembly 40 is provided, the space occupied by the vent valve assembly 40 is reduced, and the components are properly disposed, thereby increasing the space utilization of the cylinder 20.
具体而言，排气阀组件40包括排气阀片41和阀片挡板42，排气阀片41设置在容纳槽25内并遮挡压缩机的压缩排气口，阀片挡板42叠置在排气阀片41上。由于设置有阀片挡板42，因而有效避免排气阀片41过度开启，保证了气缸20的排气性能。Specifically, the exhaust valve assembly 40 includes an exhaust valve plate 41 and a valve flapper 42 that is disposed in the receiving groove 25 and blocks the compressed exhaust port of the compressor, and the valve flapper 42 is stacked On the exhaust valve piece 41. Since the valve flapper 42 is provided, the exhaust valve flap 41 is effectively prevented from being excessively opened, and the exhaust performance of the cylinder 20 is ensured.
优选地，排气阀片41和阀片挡板42通过第一紧固件43连接。进一步地，第一紧固件43是螺钉。Preferably, the exhaust valve flap 41 and the valve flapper 42 are connected by a first fastener 43. Further, the first fastener 43 is a screw.
如图12所示，当上述结构的流体机械运行时，转轴10绕转轴10的轴心O1转动；气缸20绕气缸20的轴心O2转动，且转轴10的轴心与气缸20的轴心偏心设置且偏心距离固定；活塞32在转轴10的驱动下随转轴10旋转并同时沿垂直于转轴10的轴线方向在活塞套33内往复滑动。As shown, when the fluid machine of the above-described configuration is running, the rotary shaft 10 about the axis 12 of a shaft 10 rotatably O; cylinder axis of the cylinder 20 O 2 20 to rotate about the cylinder axis and the axis 20 of the shaft 10 The center of the heart is eccentrically set and the eccentric distance is fixed; the piston 32 rotates with the rotating shaft 10 under the driving of the rotating shaft 10 and simultaneously reciprocates in the piston sleeve 33 in the axial direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 10.
如上述方法运行的流体机械，构成了十字滑块机构，该运行方法采用十字滑块机构原理，其中，活塞32作为滑块，转轴10的滑移配合面作为第一连杆l1、活塞套33的导向孔311作为第二连杆l2(请参考图12)。The fluid machine operated by the above method constitutes a cross slider mechanism, and the operation method adopts the principle of a cross slider mechanism, wherein the piston 32 serves as a slider, and the sliding mating surface of the rotating shaft 10 serves as the first connecting rod l 1 and the piston sleeve The guide hole 311 of 33 serves as the second link l 2 (please refer to FIG. 12).
具体而言，转轴10的轴心O1相当于第一连杆l1的旋转中心，气缸20的轴心O2相当于第二连杆l2的旋转中心；转轴10的滑移配合面相当于第一连杆l1，活塞套33的导向孔311相当于第二连杆l2；活塞32相当于滑块。导向孔311与滑移配合面相互垂直；活塞32相对与导向孔311只能往复运动，活塞32相对于滑移配合面只能往复运动。活塞32简化为质心后可以发 现，其运行轨迹为圆周运动，该圆是以气缸20的轴心O2与转轴10的轴心O1的连线为直径的圆。Specifically, the axis O 1 of the rotating shaft 10 corresponds to the center of rotation of the first link l 1 , and the axis O 2 of the cylinder 20 corresponds to the center of rotation of the second link 12 ; the slip fit surface of the rotating shaft 10 is equivalent In the first link l 1 , the pilot hole 311 of the piston sleeve 33 corresponds to the second link l 2 ; the piston 32 corresponds to the slider. The guiding hole 311 and the sliding mating surface are perpendicular to each other; the piston 32 can only reciprocate relative to the guiding hole 311, and the piston 32 can only reciprocate relative to the sliding mating surface. The piston 32 can be reduced to the centroid found, which running track is a circular motion, the circular cylinder axis is the axis O 20 O 2 and the connection shaft 10 of a diameter of a circle.
当第二连杆l2作圆周运动时，滑块可以沿第二连杆l2往复运动；同时，滑块可以沿第一连杆l1往复运动。第一连杆l1和第二连杆l2始终保持垂直，使得滑块沿第一连杆l1往复运动方向与滑块沿第二连杆l2往复运动方向相互垂直。第一连杆l1和第二连杆l2及活塞32的相对运动关系，形成十字滑块机构原理。When the second link 12 moves in a circular motion, the slider can reciprocate along the second link 12 ; at the same time, the slider can reciprocate along the first link 11 . The first link and the second link l 1 l 2 remain vertically, so that the slider along the first link l 1 reciprocates along the direction perpendicular to the second slider link l 2 reciprocating direction. The relative motion relationship between the first link l 1 and the second link l 2 and the piston 32 forms the principle of the cross slider mechanism.
其他使用场合：该压缩机将吸、排气***换位置，可以作为膨胀机使用。即，将压缩机的排气口作为膨胀机吸气口，通入高压气体，其他推动机构转动，膨胀后通过压缩机吸气口(膨胀机排气口)排出气体。Other use occasions: The compressor exchanges the suction and exhaust ports and can be used as an expander. That is, the exhaust port of the compressor is used as an intake port of the expander, high-pressure gas is introduced, and other push mechanisms are rotated, and after being expanded, the gas is exhausted through the intake port of the compressor (expander port of the expander).
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果：通过是活塞套33与限位板26或下法兰60之一支撑接触，同时与另一个间隙配合，从而有效降低了活塞套33在转动过程中的摩擦功耗，提高了压缩机的整机效率。From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: by the piston sleeve 33 being in contact with one of the limiting plate 26 or the lower flange 60 while being engaged with the other gap, thereby The frictional power consumption of the piston sleeve 33 during the rotation process is effectively reduced, and the overall efficiency of the compressor is improved.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、工作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It is to be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular " " " " " " There are features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施方式能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种流体机械，其特征在于，包括：A fluid machine, comprising:
    上法兰(50)；Upper flange (50);
    下法兰(60)；Lower flange (60);
    气缸(20)，所述气缸(20)夹设在所述上法兰(50)与所述下法兰(60)之间；a cylinder (20), the cylinder (20) being interposed between the upper flange (50) and the lower flange (60);
    转轴(10)；Rotary shaft (10);
    限位板(26)，所述限位板(26)具有用于避让所述转轴(10)的避让孔，所述避让孔与所述气缸(20)同轴设置，所述限位板(26)夹设在所述下法兰(60)与所述气缸(20)之间；a limiting plate (26) having a relief hole for escaping the rotating shaft (10), the avoiding hole being coaxially disposed with the cylinder (20), the limiting plate ( 26) being interposed between the lower flange (60) and the cylinder (20);
    活塞套(33)，所述活塞套(33)可枢转地设置在所述气缸(20)内，所述活塞套(33)具有朝向所述下法兰(60)一侧伸出的连接凸环(331)，所述连接凸环(331)嵌设在所述避让孔内，所述活塞套(33)在所述转轴(10)的轴向上与所述限位板(26)或所述下法兰(60)二者之一止推接触并与另一个间隙配合；a piston sleeve (33) pivotally disposed within the cylinder (20), the piston sleeve (33) having a connection extending toward a side of the lower flange (60) a convex ring (331), the connecting convex ring (331) is embedded in the escape hole, and the piston sleeve (33) is in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (10) and the limiting plate (26) Or one of the lower flanges (60) is in thrust contact and mates with the other gap;
    活塞(32)，所述活塞(32)滑动设置在所述活塞套(33)内以形成变容积腔，所述转轴(10)穿过所述上法兰(50)、所述气缸(20)、所述活塞套(33)、所述活塞(32)、所述限位板(26)和所述下法兰(60)以驱动所述活塞(32)在所述活塞套(33)内滑动，所述转轴(10)的轴心与所述气缸(20)的轴心和所述活塞套(33)的轴心偏心设置且偏心距离固定。a piston (32) slidably disposed in the piston sleeve (33) to form a variable volume chamber, the rotating shaft (10) passing through the upper flange (50), the cylinder (20) The piston sleeve (33), the piston (32), the limiting plate (26) and the lower flange (60) to drive the piston (32) in the piston sleeve (33) The inner shaft slides, the axis of the rotating shaft (10) is eccentric with the axial center of the cylinder (20) and the axial center of the piston sleeve (33), and the eccentric distance is fixed.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的流体机械，其特征在于，所述活塞套(33)包括：The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein said piston sleeve (33) comprises:
    套体(332)，所述套体(332)与所述气缸(20)同轴设置，所述套体(332)具有沿其轴向中心设置的过轴孔(334)；a sleeve body (332), the sleeve body (332) is disposed coaxially with the cylinder (20), the sleeve body (332) has a shaft hole (334) disposed along a center of its axial direction;
    所述连接凸环(331)，所述连接凸环(331)与所述过轴孔(334)同轴设置，所述连接凸环(331)设置在所述套体(332)的背离所述上法兰(50)一侧的端面上，且设置有所述连接凸环(331)的端面与所述限位板(26)止推接触，所述连接凸环(331)的背离所述上法兰(50)一侧的表面与所述下法兰(60)间隙配合。The connecting convex ring (331), the connecting convex ring (331) is disposed coaxially with the through-axis hole (334), and the connecting convex ring (331) is disposed at a deviation of the sleeve body (332) An end surface of one side of the flange (50) is disposed, and an end surface of the connecting convex ring (331) is in thrust contact with the limiting plate (26), and the connecting convex ring (331) is away from the end The surface on one side of the flange (50) is in clearance engagement with the lower flange (60).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的流体机械，其特征在于，设置有所述连接凸环(331)的端面上还具有止推凸起(333)，所述止推凸起(333)与所述限位板(26)止推接触，且所述止推凸起(333)的凸起高度小于所述连接凸环(331)的凸起高度。The fluid machine according to claim 2, wherein the end surface of the connecting collar (331) further has a thrust projection (333), the thrust projection (333) and the limit The bit plate (26) is in thrust contact, and the protrusion height of the thrust protrusion (333) is smaller than the protrusion height of the connection convex ring (331).
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的流体机械，其特征在于，所述止推凸起(333)为多个间隔排列的凸点。The fluid machine according to claim 3, wherein said thrust projection (333) is a plurality of spaced apart bumps.
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的流体机械，其特征在于，所述止推凸起(333)为环状凸起结构。The fluid machine according to claim 3, wherein said thrust projection (333) is an annular projection structure.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的流体机械，其特征在于，所述活塞套(33)包括： The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein said piston sleeve (33) comprises:
    套体(332)，所述套体(332)与所述气缸(20)同轴设置，所述套体(332)具有沿其轴向中心设置的过轴孔(334)；a sleeve body (332), the sleeve body (332) is disposed coaxially with the cylinder (20), the sleeve body (332) has a shaft hole (334) disposed along a center of its axial direction;
    所述连接凸环(331)，所述连接凸环(331)与所述过轴孔(334)同轴设置，所述连接凸环(331)设置在所述套体(332)的背离所述上法兰(50)一侧的端面上，所述连接凸环(331)的背离所述上法兰(50)一侧的表面与所述下法兰(60)止推接触，设置有所述连接凸环(331)的端面与所述限位板(26)之间间隙配合。The connecting convex ring (331), the connecting convex ring (331) is disposed coaxially with the through-axis hole (334), and the connecting convex ring (331) is disposed at a deviation of the sleeve body (332) On the end surface on one side of the flange (50), the surface of the connecting convex ring (331) facing away from the side of the upper flange (50) is in thrust contact with the lower flange (60), and is provided with The end surface of the connecting convex ring (331) is in clearance fit with the limiting plate (26).
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的流体机械，其特征在于，所述避让孔与所述限位板(26)同轴设置或偏心设置。The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein the escape hole is disposed coaxially or eccentrically with the limiting plate (26).
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的流体机械，其特征在于，所述避让孔与所述限位板(26)偏心设置，所述限位板(26)与所述下法兰(60)同轴设置。The fluid machine according to claim 7, wherein the escape hole is eccentrically disposed with the limiting plate (26), and the limiting plate (26) is coaxially disposed with the lower flange (60) .
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的流体机械，其特征在于，流体机械是压缩机或膨胀机。A fluid machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fluid machine is a compressor or an expander.
  10. 一种换热设备，包括流体机械，其特征在于，所述流体机械是权利要求1至9任一项所述的流体机械。 A heat exchange apparatus comprising a fluid machine, characterized in that the fluid machine is the fluid machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/CN2017/072273 2016-02-18 2017-01-23 Fluid machinery and heat-exchange apparatus WO2017140208A1 (en)

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