WO2017138940A1 - Regroupement spatial de dispositifs personnels dans des véhicules - Google Patents

Regroupement spatial de dispositifs personnels dans des véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017138940A1
WO2017138940A1 PCT/US2016/017442 US2016017442W WO2017138940A1 WO 2017138940 A1 WO2017138940 A1 WO 2017138940A1 US 2016017442 W US2016017442 W US 2016017442W WO 2017138940 A1 WO2017138940 A1 WO 2017138940A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
occupant
wearable device
controller
location
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/017442
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hussein F. Nasrallah
David Anthony Hatton
Johannes Geir Kristinsson
Thomas Nelson
Krishnaswamy Venkatesh Prasad
Jeffrey Allen Greenberg
Brad Alan Ignaczak
Adil Nizam Siddiqui
John Robert Van Wiemeersch
Patrick Kevin Holub
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies, Llc filed Critical Ford Global Technologies, Llc
Priority to PCT/US2016/017442 priority Critical patent/WO2017138940A1/fr
Publication of WO2017138940A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017138940A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A61B5/18—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state for vehicle drivers or machine operators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/163—Wearable computers, e.g. on a belt
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/01—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/016—Personal emergency signalling and security systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/48—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for in-vehicle communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to in-vehicle spatial clustering of wireless communication devices.
  • a vehicle may include a controller programmed to assign an identified wearable device to an occupant seated in a particular location of the vehicle.
  • the controller may be programmed to assign the wearable device based on data defining positions of the wearable device relative to the particular location during a period of time. Changes associated with the positions may describe movement of the occupant.
  • the controller may be further programmed to assign the identified wearable device to an anatomical location of the occupant based on the movement of the occupant. Assigning the identified wearable device to the anatomical location may include matching a portion of the movement to a characteristic movement pattern indicative of the anatomical location.
  • the anatomical location may be head, torso, upper extremity, or lower extremity.
  • the controller may be further programmed to send occupant status information from the wearable device off-board the vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle control system configured to notify emergency services of passenger status
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of a data structure for storing information created by a device in a cluster
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of a data structure containing location data related to each device and associated with a passenger
  • Figure 4 is a representation of a vehicle having passengers, clusters, and devices.
  • Figure 5 depicts an algorithm for associating devices with passengers.
  • Emergency or security services may arrive at the scene of an incident or accident without information related to the status of passengers or occupants.
  • Emergency responders in possession of passenger status information may change the outcome of a trauma.
  • applying proper medical treatment soon after traumatic injury can prevent or reduce permanent impairment.
  • Receipt of passenger status information may reduce the risk of permanent impairment by allowing first responders to readily find accident victims and prepare treatment during transit to the accident site.
  • Passengers or vehicle occupants may wear, possess, or otherwise interact with personal devices while occupying the vehicle.
  • Passenger status information may include indication of blood pressure, heart rate, blood chemistry, proximity to the vehicle, recent acceleration and deceleration magnitudes and rates, or other information related to the passenger or vehicle.
  • Personal devices may transmit generic information about the passenger or they may transmit personally identifiable information to a vehicle controller or server system.
  • a heart rate sensor may indicate circulatory status to a vehicle system configured to receive passenger status information.
  • the system may also be configured to receive voice recording data or pressure sensor information related to a position of the passenger in the vehicle. Any type of sensor or device may be used to provide valuable information to emergency responders including cellular phones.
  • Each of the personal devices may be worn, carried, or internally implemented.
  • Each personal device may be wirelessly connected to a central server or repository.
  • the personal devices may use different ad-hoc communication protocols (e.g., iBeacon, NFC, AirDrop, WifiDirect).
  • the location of each personal device may be determined using a system of beacons placed throughout the vehicle. The location may be triangulated. The location of each of the personal devices may be computed by first finding the distance between the personal devices and known reference points. Other location methods may be used.
  • Received Signal Strength (RSSI), Time of Flight (ToF), Time Of Arrival (TOA) / Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA), Range-Free Localization (Proximity), and Angle of Arrival (AOA) may be used to determine the distance between each personal device and the sensors.
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength
  • TOA Time Of Arrival
  • TOA Time Of Arrival
  • TDoA Time Difference of Arrival
  • Proximity Range-Free Localization
  • AOA Angle of Arrival
  • results may be improved using more than one method. Some of these methods may be innate to each personal device.
  • the devices may be configured to intercommunicate and determine locations ad-hoc.
  • each personal device may be recorded in a database or data store using a relational database.
  • the database may be located remotely or within the vehicle.
  • One table in the database may include information related to the type of device and the data found.
  • Another table may include location data of the device over time with the parameters used to determine location.
  • the tables may be correlated on clusters used to predict the passenger in possession of each device.
  • An m x n matrix may be stored in a database representing m potential vehicle occupants, each with up to n possible wearables. Wearables may be detected as the car is started or the doors are shut. P wearables may be found in the vehicle interior or cabin. The wearables may also be found in a rear cargo hold or other vehicle area. Spatial clustering may be used to identify Q possible clusters. Each cluster may represent a potential passenger or occupant m.
  • Clustering recognizes association patterns between devices to determine passengers in possession of each device.
  • the devices may be given respective coordinates to determine clusters.
  • Each cluster, Q may be identified using a partitioning method (k-means, expectation maximization, k-medoid, etc.), hierarchical method (agglomerative nesting, clustering using representatives, etc.), density method (DBSCAN, OPTICS, etc.), or other clustering method.
  • Each cluster may correspond to or define an occupant of the vehicle.
  • An additional dimension, time may be used to determine clusters.
  • a cluster may be recognized by observing the position of the device in 3-D space with respect to the devices relative movement in space. If all of the devices in a hypothetical cluster have similar movement patterns, the devices may be deemed to be in the same cluster and carried by the same passenger.
  • wearables By observing devices in time-space or spatio-temporal dimensions, wearables, n, may be more accurately clustered or located anatomically on a passenger. Utilizing spatial and temporal dimensions to determine clusters may indicate the anatomical location of the wearable device.
  • a combination of spatial and temporal dimensions may allow a processor to determine the relative positions of each device and develop position history. Using position or special history, a processor may link the device to a particular location of the passenger's anatomy. For example, a wearable device may be located on a passenger's wrist. Natural wrist motion causes the location of the device to move in recognizable patterns. Movements are tracked with respect to time and location. After an adequate period of time has passed, the movements may be associated with particular appendages or regions of the body. The wrist, for example, would likely move in an arcing motion about a determinable focal point. A regression may be performed on the locations of the wearable device over time to determine an arc-plane equation and focal length.
  • a wearable device located on the wrist may be distinguished from an ankle by using available metrics related to anatomical parts. For instance, the average forearm length for adults is between 25 cm and 28 cm. Movements having an arcing motion having a radius between 25 cm and 28 cm may be recognized as a wrist. Additionally, devices with minimal movement, or movement within a defined space, may be identified as being located in a pocket or storage compartment.
  • a central device may also provide weighted clustering.
  • a driver typically has a set of keys in his or her pocket while driving.
  • the keys could serve to signify clusters where they are otherwise not available.
  • the keys may establish cluster anchors, which the controller or processor assumes a cluster surrounds that passenger. Keys may serve as an initial cluster hypothesis.
  • Cluster recognition could also provide vehicle inputs.
  • a cluster tracked near the rear of the vehicle could indicate the passenger's intention to open the gate.
  • a vehicle 102 may include a telematics control unit 108, a powertrain control module 104- A, a body control module 104-B, a radio transceiver module 104-C, a communications and entertainment unit 104-D, a climate control management module 104-E, a GPS module 104-F, and a user interface module 104-G.
  • the vehicle 102 may be communicatively connected through a network 116 to security providers 118 and emergency services 120.
  • the network 116 may be a local controller area network, cellular network, or the Internet. Data may be transmitted over any physical medium using wireless protocols (802.11, Bluetooth, GSM, or CDMA) or wired protocols.
  • the telematics control unit 108 may include a processor 110 and a modem 114 to recognize clusters of devices.
  • the processor may be used to package data for transmittal to a server (not shown) or recognize clusters on its own.
  • the vehicle may also be tethered to a cellular phone or device configured to transmit vehicle emergency datasets (VEDS).
  • VEDS vehicle emergency datasets
  • a 911 assist feature or enhanced 911 assist may provide additional accident information from the vehicle to emergency services 120 via cellular device. This information may include event changes in velocity, seat belt fastener status, airbag status, event categorization, etc.
  • a device diagram 200 includes data related to the devices.
  • the data may be stored within the vehicle or off-board at a server.
  • a plurality of devices 202 may transmit status information related to a passenger to a vehicle or server to improve security and emergency services.
  • a device 202 may transmit heart rate sensor information 204 to a data repository.
  • the device may also transmit blood pressure information 206 to a repository.
  • An acceleration tracking device as included in many cellular phones, may indicate recent accelerations 208 experienced by the device.
  • Passengers with heart problems or disease may be fitted with an electrocardiogram (EKG) to indicate irregular heart conditions.
  • EKG information 210 may be stored in a data repository and sent to emergency assistance to improve response time.
  • a cluster diagram 300 is shown.
  • a passenger list 302 is populated.
  • the device is populated based on devices 304 and clusters 306.
  • the clusters are determined by applying a spatial clustering algorithm to the location history data 308, as disclosed above.
  • the location history data 308 contains Cartesian coordinates of the device in three- dimensional space.
  • the coordinates may be retrieved by one of the location algorithms described above.
  • the coordinates may be retrieved every 10ms to determine the temporal element of the devices position.
  • the location history data 308 the data may be semicolon separated to indicate the temporal aspect. Separate diagrams (not shown) may be created for each device to house the spatial data alongside the temporal data.
  • the processor may create a new entry each time a request for triangulation of a particular device responds.
  • the new entry may include a cell for the Cartesian coordinates and a cell with a timestamp.
  • clusters can be formed 306.
  • the relative movements of the devices may allow an algorithm to determine the anatomical location of the device 310. For example, a device that moves within a cluster but not in unison with the rest of the cluster may be hypothesized to be located on an extremity. A device that moves similarly to other devices, including those in different clusters, may be hypothesized to be located in the passengers pocket or a storage compartment.
  • the vehicle 400 includes a set of positional sensors 420 to determine the coordinates of each device.
  • Passengers 402, 412 are located in the front seats of the vehicle.
  • a processor programmed with an algorithm for determining clusters is able to develop clusters 404, 414 for each of the passengers.
  • the processor may determine the clusters 404, 414 by monitoring the spatio-temporal data from Figure 3.
  • the devices 406, 407, 408, and 409 are identified as cluster 404.
  • the devices 416, 417, 418, and 419 are identified as cluster 414.
  • clusters 404, 414 may remain stagnant with the assigned devices with periodic updates to ensure validity of the clusters.
  • the clustered devices allow transmission of data, without identification, to emergency and security personnel to better assists passengers during events.
  • an algorithm 500 is shown.
  • the controller or processor receives indication of a nearby device in step 502 and initiates communication with the device.
  • the device's spatial and temporal dimensions are tracked over time to establish a location history in step 504 stored in a database.
  • the device is associated with a cluster based on the temporal and spatial data.
  • the clusters are associated with a passenger based on the general area occupied by the cluster.
  • the devices may be associated with an anatomical location on the passenger based on relative movements of the device and position relative to other devices.
  • the vehicle may receive indication of an event.
  • the event may include an accident or health problem of the passenger.
  • the relevant health information is transmitted to emergency services to notify of them of the passenger's status.
  • the algorithm 500 ends. Any of the steps indicated may be carried out in different orders or repeated as required.
  • the processes, methods, or algorithms disclosed herein may be deliverable to or implemented by a processing device, controller, or computer, which may include any existing programmable electronic control unit or dedicated electronic control unit.
  • the processes, methods, or algorithms may be stored as data and instructions executable by a controller or computer in many forms including, but not limited to, information permanently stored on non-writable storage media such as ROM devices and information alterably stored on writeable storage media such as floppy disks, magnetic tapes, CDs, RAM devices, and other magnetic and optical media.
  • the processes, methods, or algorithms may also be implemented in a software executable object.
  • the processes, methods, or algorithms may be embodied in whole or in part using suitable hardware components, such as Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field- Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), state machines, controllers or other hardware components or devices, or a combination of hardware, software and firmware components.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • FPGAs Field- Programmable Gate Arrays
  • state machines controllers or other hardware components or devices, or a combination of hardware, software and firmware components.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Developmental Disabilities (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
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  • Social Psychology (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un véhicule qui peut comprendre un dispositif de commande programmé pour attribuer un dispositif portable identifié à un occupant assis dans un emplacement particulier du véhicule sur la base de données définissant des positions du dispositif portable par rapport à l'emplacement particulier pendant une durée telle que des changements associés aux positions peuvent décrire le mouvement de l'occupant.
PCT/US2016/017442 2016-02-11 2016-02-11 Regroupement spatial de dispositifs personnels dans des véhicules WO2017138940A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2016/017442 WO2017138940A1 (fr) 2016-02-11 2016-02-11 Regroupement spatial de dispositifs personnels dans des véhicules

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2016/017442 WO2017138940A1 (fr) 2016-02-11 2016-02-11 Regroupement spatial de dispositifs personnels dans des véhicules

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WO2017138940A1 true WO2017138940A1 (fr) 2017-08-17

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150088397A1 (en) * 1999-01-27 2015-03-26 Compumedics Limited Vigilance Monitoring System
US20150194035A1 (en) * 2014-01-06 2015-07-09 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Alert generation correlating between head mounted imaging data and external device
US20150288804A1 (en) * 2014-04-07 2015-10-08 Google Inc. Detecting driving with a wearable computing device
US20150351681A1 (en) * 2014-04-24 2015-12-10 Lg Electronics Inc. Monitoring a driver of a vehicle
US20150362997A1 (en) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vehicle computing system in communication with a wearable device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150088397A1 (en) * 1999-01-27 2015-03-26 Compumedics Limited Vigilance Monitoring System
US20150194035A1 (en) * 2014-01-06 2015-07-09 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Alert generation correlating between head mounted imaging data and external device
US20150288804A1 (en) * 2014-04-07 2015-10-08 Google Inc. Detecting driving with a wearable computing device
US20150351681A1 (en) * 2014-04-24 2015-12-10 Lg Electronics Inc. Monitoring a driver of a vehicle
US20150362997A1 (en) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vehicle computing system in communication with a wearable device

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