WO2017138160A1 - Equipment management device, equipment management system, and program - Google Patents

Equipment management device, equipment management system, and program Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017138160A1
WO2017138160A1 PCT/JP2016/068173 JP2016068173W WO2017138160A1 WO 2017138160 A1 WO2017138160 A1 WO 2017138160A1 JP 2016068173 W JP2016068173 W JP 2016068173W WO 2017138160 A1 WO2017138160 A1 WO 2017138160A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
consumer
control pattern
control
reduction
model information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/068173
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
浩子 泉原
知晃 行田
千紗都 佐藤
宗佑 南田
利宏 妻鹿
佐藤　健二
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Publication of WO2017138160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017138160A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
    • H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances
    • Y04S20/244—Home appliances the home appliances being or involving heating ventilating and air conditioning [HVAC] units

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a facility management apparatus, a facility management system and a program, and in particular, to a reduction in energy usage upon request.
  • the aggregator When the aggregator distributes the amount of power reduction requested by the power company to customers, it may be possible to distribute to some extent according to the contract details or incentives.
  • the amount of power reduction requested by the electric power company is not particularly determined, and may exceed or fall below the contract with the customer. That is, there may be a case where distribution cannot be made only according to the contents of the contract with the customer. Even in this case, it is necessary to determine how to allocate the requested reduction amount in consideration of the customer's situation.
  • the present invention aims to distribute the requested amount of energy reduction to each consumer while considering the comfort felt by the consumer.
  • the equipment management apparatus is control model information set for each consumer, and shows the content of operation control of equipment using energy for each comfort level indicating the comfort level given to the consumer.
  • Control model information storage means for storing control model information generated by associating a control pattern with an expected reduction amount of energy when the facility of the customer is operated according to the control pattern; and energy
  • Control means for applying to each consumer based on the control model information of each consumer stored in the control model information storage means
  • the control pattern to be applied to each consumer is set so that the total expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the turn is equal to or greater than the requested reduction amount and the comfort level of each consumer satisfies the predetermined selection condition. Select from among the control model information, determine an expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the selected control pattern as an energy reduction amount of the consumer, and the instruction unit is configured to determine each consumer selected by the determination unit
  • a control pattern master that stores control pattern master information in which a control pattern indicating the contents of operation control of equipment using energy and a restriction level indicating a level at which the operation of the equipment is restricted by the control pattern are associated with each other
  • a plurality of control patterns to be applied to the consumer are extracted from the control pattern master information stored in the control pattern master information storage, and the plurality of extracted Generating means for generating the control model information of the consumer by calculating an expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to each control pattern and associating the calculated expected reduction amount of energy with the control pattern.
  • control pattern master information is set corresponding to the characteristics of the consumer, and the generating means uses the control pattern master information corresponding to the characteristics of the consumer to obtain the control model information of the consumer. Is to be generated.
  • the generation unit is an energy reduction amount obtained when the customer operates the equipment according to a control pattern sent as a reduction instruction, and the consumer selected by the determination unit The expected energy reduction corresponding to the control pattern is updated.
  • a collecting means for collecting comfort data indicating a sense of comfort in the consumer obtained after the consumer operates the equipment according to the control pattern sent as a reduction instruction by the consumer
  • the generating means adjusts the control model information of the consumer based on the comfort level obtained based on the comfort data of each consumer collected by the collecting means.
  • the generation unit may be configured such that the comfort level corresponding to the control pattern of each consumer selected by the determination unit is obtained based on the comfort data collected by the collection unit, and the consumer's actual feeling of comfort. If they do not match, the control model information of the customer is updated to match.
  • contract information storage means for storing contract information with a consumer
  • the determination means further determines the energy reduction amount of the consumer with reference to the contract information and giving priority to the content of the contract with the consumer.
  • the facility management device is used by the aggregator.
  • control model information storage means stores control model information set for each space of a consumer and includes the content of operation control of the equipment for each comfort level indicating the comfort level given to the space.
  • Control model information generated for each space is stored by associating the control pattern shown and the expected reduction amount of energy when the facility of the space is operated according to the control pattern, and the aggregator This is used when distributing the reduction amount of the energy usage instructed to the consumer to each space of the consumer.
  • the facility management system includes the above-described facility management device used by the aggregator and the facility management device, and the facility management device used by the aggregator is capable of measuring the amount of energy used from the energy supply source.
  • the requested reduction amount is distributed to each consumer, and the facility management apparatus distributes the reduction amount distributed from the aggregator to each space of the consumer.
  • the program according to the present invention is control model information that is set for each consumer, and is a control pattern that indicates the content of operation control of equipment that uses energy for each comfort level that indicates the level of comfort given to the consumer.
  • a computer that can access control model information storage means for storing control model information generated by associating the expected reduction amount of energy when operating the facility of the customer according to the control pattern
  • the means for determining the amount of energy reduction for each customer by distributing the requested amount of reduction to each customer, reducing the amount of energy used for each customer The determination means is based on the control model information of each customer stored in the control model information storage means.
  • the control pattern to be applied is selected from the control model information of the consumer, the expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the selected control pattern is determined as the energy reduction amount of the consumer, and the instruction means The control pattern of each consumer selected by the means is sent as a reduction instruction for the consumer.
  • control model information corresponding to customer characteristics.
  • the accuracy of the expected amount of energy reduction corresponding to the control pattern can be improved by learning based on the operation results of the equipment according to the control pattern applied for reducing the energy consumption.
  • the prediction accuracy of the comfort felt by the consumer can be improved by learning based on the operation results of the equipment according to the control pattern applied for reducing the energy consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an example of a facility management system in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plurality of buildings 3 that are used by receiving power supply from the power company 1, the aggregator 2, and the power company 1 that are power supply sources.
  • Computers (not shown) used by the electric power company 1, the aggregator 2, and the building 3 are connected to the network 4.
  • Aggregator 2 is a business operator that collects a large number of customers' buildings 3 in advance and contracts in advance, and selects the optimal combination from the buildings 3 contracted at the timing when the electric power company 1 needs to collect the necessary negawatts. It is.
  • the aggregator 2 according to the present embodiment distributes the requested reduction amount to each building 3 in response to a reduction request (reduction request) for the usage power from the electric power company 1, so that the power usage is applied to each building 3. Instruct to reduce the amount.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the equipment management apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the facility management apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is used by the aggregator 2 and distributes the reduction amount of the used electric power requested from the electric power company 1 to each building 3 by a process described later.
  • FIG. 3 is a hardware configuration diagram of a computer forming the facility management apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • the computer forming the facility management apparatus 10 can be realized by a general-purpose hardware configuration that has existed in the past, such as a personal computer (PC). That is, the computer is provided as a CPU 21, a ROM 22, a RAM 23, a hard disk drive (HDD) 24, a mouse 25 provided as input means, a keyboard 26 provided as input means, and a display device as shown in FIG.
  • An input / output controller 28 for connecting each display 27 and a network controller 29 provided as communication means are connected to an internal bus 30.
  • the facility management apparatus 10 includes a comfort data collection unit 11, a control model information generation unit 12, a control pattern selection unit 13, a reduction instruction unit 14, a comfort data storage unit 15, and a control pattern.
  • a squirrel storage unit 16, a control model information storage unit 17, and a building information storage unit 18 are provided.
  • FIG. 2 only the components necessary for the description in the present embodiment are illustrated, and the configuration that has been previously provided to function as the aggregator 2 is omitted.
  • the comfort data collection unit 11 is provided as a collection unit, and the comfort data of the building 3 obtained after operating the equipment installed in the building 3 according to the control pattern sent by the building 3 as a reduction instruction. Comfort data indicating actual feeling is collected and stored in the comfort data storage unit 15.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 is provided as a generation unit, and for each building 3, a plurality of control patterns to be applied to the building 3 are selected from the control pattern list stored in the control pattern list storage unit 16.
  • the control model information of the building 3 is extracted by calculating an expected reduction amount of the used power amount corresponding to each of the extracted control patterns and associating the calculated expected reduction amount of the used power amount with the control pattern. Is registered in the control model information storage unit 17.
  • the control pattern selection unit 13 is provided as a determination unit, and distributes the requested reduction amount to each building 3 in accordance with the energy usage reduction request from the electric power company 1, thereby reducing the amount of power used by each building 3. Determine the amount of reduction. Although details will be described later, the control pattern selection unit 13 determines the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern applied to each building 3 based on the control model information of each building 3 stored in the control model information storage unit 17. The control pattern to be applied to each building 3 is selected from the control model information of the building 3 so that the total is equal to or more than the reduction amount requested by the power company 1 and the comfort in each building 3 satisfies the predetermined selection condition. The expected reduction amount corresponding to the selected control pattern is determined as the reduction amount of the power consumption of the building 3.
  • the reduction instruction unit 14 is provided as an instruction unit, and reduces the amount of power used to each building 3 by sending the control pattern of each building 3 determined by the control pattern selection unit 13 as a reduction instruction for the building 3. Instruct.
  • the control pattern list storage unit 16 is a control pattern master information storage unit that stores a control pattern list defined by associating a control pattern with each restriction level as control pattern master information.
  • FIG. 4 shows a data setting example of the control pattern list stored in the control pattern list storage unit 16 in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a control pattern defined assuming an air conditioner in the summer as equipment.
  • the control pattern list is generated by associating a control pattern indicating the content of operation control of equipment using electricity with a restriction level indicating a level at which the operation of the equipment is restricted by the control pattern.
  • the restriction level is indicated by a circle number, and a strict restriction control pattern is associated with a larger numerical value.
  • an example is shown in which ten restriction levels are set in advance, but the number of restriction levels is not limited to this.
  • wind velocity weak (10/30 minutes) with a restriction level of 1 means the control content that, if the operation time is 30 minutes, the operation is performed with the wind speed weakened for 10 minutes.
  • the restriction level of 4 “set temperature + 1 ° C. (5/30 minutes)” means the control content that if the operation time is 30 minutes, the set temperature is raised once from the present for 5 minutes. To do.
  • the amount of power used can be reduced by reducing the wind speed or raising the set temperature. Note that the operation time by changing the wind speed and temperature is not necessarily continuous.
  • the operation in which the wind speed is weakened for 5 minutes may be performed twice in 30 minutes, or the operation in which the wind speed is weakened for 2 minutes is performed five times. You may do it.
  • the sum total of the operation time which weakened the wind speed should just be 10 minutes.
  • the operation weakened for 5 minutes is performed twice, for example, the operation weakened for 5 minutes after 10 minutes from the start of control is set as one set, and this set is repeated a predetermined number of times (here, twice). It is good also as control, and you may drive
  • the operation control that weakens the wind speed for a total of 10 minutes may be specific to the control pattern, or on the building 3 side, for example, the controller of the facility that has received the control pattern may control the operation of the facility in a desired pattern. .
  • the building information storage unit 18 information on each building 3 with which the aggregator 2 is contracted, specifically, building information such as the number of floors, the size, and the number of rooms of the building 3, and the equipment installed in the building 3 Equipment information such as the number, installation location, etc.
  • contract contents concerning the selection conditions of the control pattern are set. Details of the other storage units 15 to 17 will be described later.
  • Each component 11 to 14 in the facility management apparatus 10 is realized by a cooperative operation of a computer that forms the facility management apparatus 10 and a program that operates on the CPU 21 mounted on the computer.
  • the other storage units 15 to 18 are realized by the HDD 24 mounted in the facility management apparatus 10.
  • the RAM 23 or an external storage means may be used via a network.
  • the program used in this embodiment can be provided not only by communication means but also by storing it in a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM or USB memory.
  • the program provided from the communication means or the recording medium is installed in the computer, and various processes are realized by the CPU of the computer sequentially executing the program.
  • the aggregator 2 responds to the reduction request by distributing the requested reduction amount to each contracted building 3 in response to a reduction request for the amount of power used from the power company 1.
  • This embodiment is characterized in that the requested reduction amount is distributed in consideration of the comfort in each building 3.
  • it is necessary to make initial settings in the control model information in addition to defining the above-described restriction pattern list in advance.
  • the initial setting process performed by the control model information generation unit 12 will be described.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a data setting example of the control model information stored in the control model information storage unit 17 in the present embodiment.
  • the control model information of each building 3 is set so that a set of a control pattern and an expected reduction amount is associated with a target comfort level indicating a comfort level.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 is intended to generate control model information for each building 3 in the initial setting.
  • FIG. 6 conceptually shows a process of generating a control model information by extracting a predetermined number of control patterns from the restriction pattern list.
  • a case where five control patterns are extracted as a predetermined number will be described as an example.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a case where five control patterns corresponding to restriction levels 4 to 8 are extracted for building A, and five control patterns corresponding to restriction levels 3 to 7 are extracted for building B. is doing.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 extracts a control pattern for the building A
  • the control model information generation unit 12 applies the extracted control pattern to the control model information table of the building A.
  • the control pattern extracted in the same manner for the buildings B and C is applied to the control model information table for each of the buildings B and C.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 associates the extracted control pattern with the target comfort level of each building 3.
  • the restriction level of the control pattern extracted to be applied to the control model information does not necessarily need to be matched between the buildings 3, and may be determined for each building with reference to the characteristics of the buildings 3.
  • the control pattern corresponding to the restriction level of 4 to 8 around the center of the control pattern squirrel is also applied to the building B in the same manner as the buildings A and C. Is extracted as an initial value.
  • a smaller numerical value means a higher level of comfort, that is, comfort.
  • the aggregator 2 will collect the results of the questionnaire. For example, when a reduction instruction is sent by sending a control pattern of “air blowing (5/30 minutes)”, the aggregator 2 obtains from the questionnaire results that the level of comfort felt by the residents of the building 3 is 2. The goal is to be. Therefore, the control model information is referred to as “target comfort level”.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 sets an expected reduction amount corresponding to each set control pattern. To do.
  • the expected reduction amount is the expected reduction amount (expected reduction amount of energy) when the air conditioning equipment is operated according to the corresponding control pattern.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 calculates the expected reduction amount for each building by referring to the building information of each building 3 including the installation information such as the number of installed air conditioning facilities and the specification information such as the performance of the air conditioning facilities.
  • the predicted reduction value of each building 3 will be different even if it is operated based on the same control pattern .
  • the number of target comfort levels set in the control model information is 5.
  • this setting example is only an example and is not limited to this example.
  • continuous restriction levels are extracted, but it is not necessarily limited to continuous.
  • the level since the level is shown, it is necessary to set the control model information in the order of the size of the restriction level.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 in the present embodiment performs initial setting of the control model information as described above. After the initial setting is completed, in the building 3 as a consumer, the equipment is operated in a normal operation. In this normal operation, it is not necessary to refer to the control model information.
  • the aggregator 2 uses the amount of power consumption specified in the reduction request (hereinafter referred to as “reduction required power amount”).
  • reduction required power amount the amount of power consumption specified in the reduction request.
  • control pattern selection unit 13 selects a control pattern to be applied to each building 3 from the control model information of the building 3, and determines the distribution amount of the reduction required power amount. Determine (step S102). A basic process for determining the control pattern and the amount of power to be distributed will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the control pattern selection unit 13 tries to select the control pattern of each building 3 so that the comfort of each building 3 does not vary and the target comfort level is comparable.
  • the control pattern selection unit 13 adjusts the target comfort level of at least one building A to C according to a predetermined selection condition and priority so that the comfort in each building 3 does not vary as much as possible. And the control pattern applied to each building 3 is selected from the control model information of the said building 3 so that the excess from the total reduction request
  • the degree of variation that is, the target comfort level between the buildings 3 is determined.
  • the control pattern selection unit 13 sets the control pattern and the expected value for each building 3. Determine the amount of reduction. In this way, the control pattern selection unit 13 determines the amount of power consumption reduction (hereinafter, “power reduction amount”) as the expected reduction amount of each building 3.
  • the reduction instruction unit 14 reduces the power consumption by notifying the building 3 of the control pattern determined for each building 3. Is instructed (step S103).
  • the control pattern of the operation of the air conditioning equipment is changed according to the control pattern notified at the time of the reduction instruction.
  • the air conditioning equipment is controlled so as to be operated by blowing for 5 minutes out of 30 minutes. If the operation of the air conditioning equipment is controlled in accordance with this instruction, it is possible to reduce the amount of power used by 7.0 kWh in building A.
  • each building 3 conducts a questionnaire on the comfort of residents of the building 3. For example, a window screen for inputting comfort to a terminal used by a resident is displayed, and a level indicating comfort, for example, a numerical value of 1 to 5 is input.
  • the comfort data collection unit 11 acquires the results of the questionnaire and accumulates them as comfort data in the comfort data storage unit 15 (step S104). ).
  • the comfort data includes at least the identification information of the building 3 in which the resident who answered the questionnaire resides and the comfort level answered by the resident. Further, in each building 3, the difference between the amount of power used in a predetermined period (for example, 30 minutes) immediately before receiving the reduction instruction and the amount of power used in the predetermined period (for example, 30 minutes) after receiving the reduction instruction.
  • the comfort data collection unit 11 acquires the actual power reduction amount calculated for each building 3 from each building 3 (step S105).
  • control model information generation unit 12 outputs the control model information of each building 3 as follows. It updates as follows (step S106).
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram used for explaining control model information update processing in the control model information generation unit 12.
  • the level and power reduction amount (these are collectively referred to as “result information” 32), and the control model information updated as necessary by the control model information generation unit 12 based on these information 31 and 32 are shown.
  • the comfort level in the performance information 32 assumes that the control model information generation part 12 calculates
  • the control model information generation unit 12 updates the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern of air blowing (5/30 minutes) from “7.0” to “7.8” according to the record information 32. Furthermore, the control pattern of the air blowing (5/30 minutes), which has currently set the target comfort level to “2”, is changed to “3”. To change the control pattern, as shown in FIG. 9, the control pattern list in FIG. 4 is slid downward by one level. In this way, the restriction levels 4 to 8 corresponding to the target comfort levels 1 to 5 of the building A are changed to the restriction levels 3 to 7.
  • the building B may be processed in the same manner as the building A. Therefore, the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern of the blown air (5, 30 minutes) performed is updated from “10.5” to “9.7”. In the case of building B, the expected comfort level and the actual comfort level are “2”, so there is no need to adjust the target comfort level of the control pattern. Moreover, regarding the building C, since the expected result was obtained, it is not necessary to update the control model information at all.
  • the control model information generation unit 12 appropriately updates the control model information based on the result information obtained according to the reduction instruction as described above.
  • the requested reduction amount (reduction required power amount) is distributed to each building 3 in response to a request for reduction of the used power amount from the power company 1 as described above.
  • the above processing is a basic processing.
  • the control pattern selection unit 13 When determining the control pattern to be applied to each building 3 in step 102 of this basic process, the control pattern selection unit 13 does not vary the comfort of each building 3 and is set to be almost equal. Of course, it is necessary to reduce the amount of power required for the reduction required power amount.
  • a control pattern selection condition is used.
  • the present invention is not limited to this example, and other selection conditions or combinations of selection conditions are used, and a plurality of selection conditions are adopted.
  • the control pattern to be applied to each building 3 may be determined by setting the degree.
  • the comfort of each building 3 may not be varied. Specifically, the difference between the maximum value (worst) and minimum value (best) of the set target comfort level may be minimized, or the average value of the target comfort levels of each building 3 may be maximized. Also, priority is given to making the total expected reduction amount of each building 3 coincide with the required reduction power amount. If there is no combination of control patterns that matches, the difference between the total expected reduction amount and the reduction required power amount May be minimized, or an upper limit value of the difference may be set, and if it does not exceed the upper limit value, it may be selected.
  • control pattern selection condition may be set in the contract range with each building 3, and this contract information may be referred to.
  • selection conditions specified in the contract for example, power reduction (for example, up to 20 kWh), driving control below a predetermined comfort level (for example, the target comfort level is “3”), an incentive paid to the building 3 is not implemented. Give priority.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of setting the control model information, which is the control model information having the same contents as FIG.
  • the average value of the target comfort level is close to comfortable (the target comfort level is 1).
  • the building A includes the selection condition that the comfort level is 3 or more (1 to 3) in the contract information
  • the building C includes the selection condition that the incentive priority is included in the contract information.
  • a control pattern with a target comfort level of 1 is determined for buildings A and B
  • a control pattern with a target comfort level of 4 is determined for building C.
  • the target comfort level of the building C is 4, which is lower than those of the buildings A and B, but more incentives are received accordingly.
  • a target comfort level to be applied to each building 3 In order to determine the target comfort level to be applied to each building 3 described above, an evaluation formula according to the priority or an evaluation formula weighted to the selection condition is created in advance, and the reduction requested to be reduced in the evaluation formula When the required power amount is input, a target comfort level to be applied to each building 3 may be determined, and a control pattern may be determined accordingly.
  • FIG. 11 building A is taken as an example.
  • 11A is the control model information after the initial setting
  • FIG. 11B is the control model information after the first reduction request from the power company 1
  • FIG. 11C is the first control model information from the power company 1.
  • the control model information after the reduction request is shown.
  • prediction information corresponding to the prediction information 31 and the performance information 32 described in FIG. 9, respectively. 33 and 35 and performance information 34 and 36 are shown. Referring to the prediction information 33 and the actual information 34 corresponding to the first reduction request, the power reduction amount is different although the comfort level is the same. Therefore, the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern sent at the time of the reduction instruction in the control model information is obtained. Update.
  • the comfort level and the power reduction amount are different. Therefore, in the above description of the process, the control pattern included in the control model information is slid. It is also necessary to update the expected reduction amount.
  • the target comfort level is 4 in the processing for the first reduction request, and the resident actually felt 4 in the result of the questionnaire. Therefore, it was not necessary to slide the control pattern.
  • the resident felt 4 according to the result of the questionnaire although the target comfort level was 3.
  • the comfort level is the same 4 regardless of whether it is operated with a control pattern of “air blowing (10/30 minutes)” or a control pattern of “set temperature + 1 ° C .: (15/30 minutes)”.
  • one of “air blowing (10/30 minutes)” or “set temperature + 1 ° C .: (15/30 minutes)” is prepared as a control pattern. It ’s just that. That is, one control pattern is deleted from the control model information.
  • control model information of building A is configured with control patterns with restriction levels 4, 5, 7-9, and with control patterns with restriction levels 3-5, 7, 8 The case where it comprises is considered. Either of these may be adopted, but here, in order to prevent the movement of “fan (10/30 minutes)” with a comfort level of 4 where the expected comfort was obtained, FIG. As shown, the building A control model information is updated so as to be configured with control patterns of restriction levels 3 to 5, 7, and 8.
  • the aggregator 2 realizes a reduction in the required power consumption in response to a reduction request for the power consumption from the power company 1 as described above.
  • the control model information of each building 3 is initially set with reference to the control pattern list set in the control pattern list storage unit 16.
  • the number of floors, the direction of the windows, etc., the number of electrical facilities installed in the building 3, etc. the amount of reduction in power consumption may vary even with the same control pattern. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 13, a plurality of control pattern lists are prepared in advance and registered in the control pattern list storage unit 16, and the control model information generation unit 12 stores the control model information of each building 3 at the initial setting.
  • a plurality of control pattern lists set in the control pattern list storage unit 16 by referring to the building information in which the structure of each building 3 stored in the building information storage unit 18 is set. You may make it specify the control pattern list
  • an air conditioning facility is used as an electric device to reduce the amount of power used and a control pattern list specialized for the air conditioning facility is set in advance has been described as an example.
  • the device may be a target for reducing the amount of power used.
  • a plurality of different types of electric devices may be combined to reduce power consumption.
  • the aggregator 2 distributes the reduction required power amount to each building 3 in response to a request from the electric power company 1, and each building 3 performs air conditioning based on the control pattern specified in the reduction instruction.
  • the amount of power used is reduced by the specified amount of power reduction.
  • the entire building 3 is operated and controlled in the same manner according to the control pattern, that is, all the air conditioning facilities are operated in the same pattern. I was expecting. However, just as there is a difference in the size of the building 3, the size and orientation of the room, the performance of the air conditioning equipment, the number of installed units, the number of residents, etc. may be different within the building 3. In the same way, there is a possibility that the comfort given to the residents in the building 3 may vary.
  • the aggregator 2 distributes the requested reduction power amount from the power company 1 to each building 3, the power reduction amount instructed to be reduced from the aggregator 2 is also obtained in each building 3.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another data setting example of the control model information in the present embodiment.
  • the control model information is generated for each building, but FIG. 14 shows an example in which the control model information is generated for each area.
  • the facility management apparatus 10 distributes the requested reduction power amount from the power company 1 to each building 3, and then refers to the control model information illustrated in FIG. The amount is distributed to each area of the building 3. In this way, there may be no variation in comfort in each area.
  • the questionnaire collected from each building 3 must include the identification information of the area where the resident is located. .
  • each building 3 may be provided with the processing function of the facility management apparatus 10 described above. That is, the facility management device 10 having the same function as the facility management device 10 described above is also installed in each building 3. Alternatively, an existing building management device in each building 3 or a control device (controller) that controls the operation of the facility is provided with the processing function of the facility management device 10, and these devices are used as the facility management device 10.
  • the area that is the control unit of the air conditioning equipment in the building 3 corresponds to the building 3 that has received a reduction request for the amount of power used in the above description, and corresponds to a consumer.
  • the aggregator 2 sends only the control pattern as a reduction instruction. In this case, the aggregator 2 further sends the power reduction amount (the expected reduction amount included in the control model information corresponding to the control pattern). There is a need. If the reduction instruction from the aggregator 2 is regarded as a reduction request from the power company 1 described above, and if the power reduction amount from the aggregator 2 is regarded as the reduction required power amount from the power company 1 described above, it is installed in each building 3. By generating the control model information shown in FIG. 14 at the time of initial setting, the facility management apparatus 10 can issue an instruction to reduce the amount of power used for each area to the controller that controls the operation of the air conditioning facility. . Then, the controller controls the operation of the corresponding air conditioning equipment based on the designated control pattern in accordance with the reduction instruction.
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Abstract

An equipment management device 10 has a control pattern selection unit 13 and a reduction instruction unit 14. Control model information set on a per building basis is generated by making a control pattern and an estimated amount of power reduction correspond to each other, said control pattern indicating the contents of the operation control of air-conditioning equipment on a comfort level basis, said estimated amount of power reduction being obtained when operating the equipment of a building according to the control pattern. On the basis of the control model information, the control pattern selection unit 13 selects a control pattern applied to each building from the control model information of the each building so that the sum of the estimated amounts of reduction corresponding to the control patterns applied to the respective buildings exceeds a requested amount of power reduction requested from a power company and comforts in the respective buildings become comparable with each other, and determines, as an amount of power reduction of the building, the estimated amount of reduction corresponding to the selected control pattern. The reduction instruction unit 14 issues a reduction instruction by sending the selected control pattern to the building.

Description

設備管理装置、設備管理システム及びプログラムEquipment management device, equipment management system and program
　本発明は、設備管理装置、設備管理システム及びプログラム、特に要請に応じたエネルギー使用量の削減に関する。 The present invention relates to a facility management apparatus, a facility management system and a program, and in particular, to a reduction in energy usage upon request.
　電力の需給バランスを一致させるために、従来では、電力会社が供給する電力量を需要に合わせて調整するのが一般的であった。これに対し、近年では、需要家が需要量を変動させて電力の需給バランスを一致させる、いわゆるデマンドレスポンスの実運用化が検討されている。例えば、電力会社からの削減要請により、アグリゲータが自身と契約している需要家に対して削減指示を発令する。あるいは、遠隔制御により電力の使用を抑制するよう運用する。 Conventionally, it has been common to adjust the amount of power supplied by an electric power company in accordance with the demand in order to match the power supply-demand balance. On the other hand, in recent years, a practical operation of so-called demand response, in which a consumer changes the amount of demand to match the power supply-demand balance, has been studied. For example, in response to a reduction request from an electric power company, the aggregator issues a reduction instruction to a consumer who has contracted with itself. Or it operates so that use of electric power may be controlled by remote control.
特開２０１２－３８２９５号公報JP 2012-38295 A 特開２０１２－３９８５６号公報JP 2012-39856 A
　アグリゲータが電力会社から要請された電力の削減量を需要家に分配する場合、契約内容や、又はインセンティブに従って、ある程度分配することは可能であるかもしれない。 When the aggregator distributes the amount of power reduction requested by the power company to customers, it may be possible to distribute to some extent according to the contract details or incentives.
　しかしながら、電力会社から要請された電力の削減量は特に決められたわけではないので、需要家との契約を上回る、あるいは下回る場合がある。つまり、需要家との契約内容だけに従って分配できない場合も起こりうる。この場合でも、需要家の状況を考慮しつつ要求された削減量をどのような配分にするかを決定する必要がある。 However, the amount of power reduction requested by the electric power company is not particularly determined, and may exceed or fall below the contract with the customer. That is, there may be a case where distribution cannot be made only according to the contents of the contract with the customer. Even in this case, it is necessary to determine how to allocate the requested reduction amount in consideration of the customer's situation.
　本発明は、需要家が感じる快適性を考慮しつつ、要求されたエネルギー削減量を各需要家に分配することを目的とする。 The present invention aims to distribute the requested amount of energy reduction to each consumer while considering the comfort felt by the consumer.
　本発明に係る設備管理装置は、需要家毎に設定された制御モデル情報であって、需要家に与える快適性のレベルを示す快適レベル毎に、エネルギーを使用する設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させたときのエネルギーの予想削減量と、を対応付けすることによって生成された制御モデル情報を記憶する制御モデル情報記憶手段と、エネルギー使用量の削減要求に応じて、要求された削減量を各需要家に分配することで各需要家のエネルギー削減量を決定する決定手段と、各需要家に対してエネルギー使用量の削減を指示する指示手段と、を有し、前記決定手段は、前記制御モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された各需要家の制御モデル情報に基づいて、各需要家に適用する制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量の合計が前記要求された削減量以上となり、かつ各需要家における快適性が所定の選択条件を満たすよう、各需要家に適用する制御パターンを当該需要家の制御モデル情報の中から選択し、その選択した制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を当該需要家のエネルギー削減量として決定し、前記指示手段は、前記決定手段により選択された各需要家の制御パターンを、当該需要家の削減指示として送るものである。 The equipment management apparatus according to the present invention is control model information set for each consumer, and shows the content of operation control of equipment using energy for each comfort level indicating the comfort level given to the consumer. Control model information storage means for storing control model information generated by associating a control pattern with an expected reduction amount of energy when the facility of the customer is operated according to the control pattern; and energy In response to a request to reduce usage, a means of determining the amount of energy reduction for each customer by distributing the requested amount of reduction to each customer, and instructing each customer to reduce energy usage Control means for applying to each consumer based on the control model information of each consumer stored in the control model information storage means The control pattern to be applied to each consumer is set so that the total expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the turn is equal to or greater than the requested reduction amount and the comfort level of each consumer satisfies the predetermined selection condition. Select from among the control model information, determine an expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the selected control pattern as an energy reduction amount of the consumer, and the instruction unit is configured to determine each consumer selected by the determination unit. The control pattern is sent as a reduction instruction for the consumer.
　また、エネルギーを使用する設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンによって設備の運転が制限されるレベルを示す制限レベルとが対応付けられた制御パターンマスタ情報を記憶する制御パターンマスタ情報記憶手段と、需要家毎に、前記制御パターンマスタ情報記憶手段に記憶された制御パターンマスタ情報の中から当該需要家への適用対象とする複数の制御パターンを抽出し、その抽出した複数の制御パターンそれぞれに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を算出し、その算出したエネルギーの予想削減量を当該制御パターンに対応付けることによって当該需要家の前記制御モデル情報を生成する生成手段と、を有するものである。 In addition, a control pattern master that stores control pattern master information in which a control pattern indicating the contents of operation control of equipment using energy and a restriction level indicating a level at which the operation of the equipment is restricted by the control pattern are associated with each other For each consumer, for each consumer, a plurality of control patterns to be applied to the consumer are extracted from the control pattern master information stored in the control pattern master information storage, and the plurality of extracted Generating means for generating the control model information of the consumer by calculating an expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to each control pattern and associating the calculated expected reduction amount of energy with the control pattern. is there.
　また、前記制御パターンマスタ情報は、需要家の特性に対応させて複数設定されており、前記生成手段は、需要家の特性に対応した制御パターンマスタ情報を用いて当該需要家の制御モデル情報を生成するものである。 In addition, a plurality of the control pattern master information is set corresponding to the characteristics of the consumer, and the generating means uses the control pattern master information corresponding to the characteristics of the consumer to obtain the control model information of the consumer. Is to be generated.
　また、前記生成手段は、需要家が削減指示として送られてきた制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させたときに得られたエネルギー削減量で、前記決定手段により選択された当該需要家の制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を更新するものである。 In addition, the generation unit is an energy reduction amount obtained when the customer operates the equipment according to a control pattern sent as a reduction instruction, and the consumer selected by the determination unit The expected energy reduction corresponding to the control pattern is updated.
　また、需要家が削減指示として送られてきた制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させた後に得られた当該需要家における快適性の実感を示す快適性データを収集する収集手段を有し、前記生成手段は、前記収集手段により収集された各需要家の快適性データに基づき得られる快適レベルに基づき当該需要家の制御モデル情報を調整するものである。 In addition, there is a collecting means for collecting comfort data indicating a sense of comfort in the consumer obtained after the consumer operates the equipment according to the control pattern sent as a reduction instruction by the consumer The generating means adjusts the control model information of the consumer based on the comfort level obtained based on the comfort data of each consumer collected by the collecting means.
　また、前記生成手段は、前記決定手段により選択された各需要家の制御パターンに対応する快適レベルが、前記収集手段により収集された快適性データに基づき得られる当該需要家の快適性の実感と一致していない場合、一致するよう当該需要家の制御モデル情報を更新するものである。 In addition, the generation unit may be configured such that the comfort level corresponding to the control pattern of each consumer selected by the determination unit is obtained based on the comfort data collected by the collection unit, and the consumer's actual feeling of comfort. If they do not match, the control model information of the customer is updated to match.
　また、需要家との契約情報を記憶する契約情報記憶手段を有し、前記決定手段は、更に契約情報を参照し、需要家との契約内容を優先して当該需要家のエネルギー削減量を決定するものである。 In addition, it has contract information storage means for storing contract information with a consumer, and the determination means further determines the energy reduction amount of the consumer with reference to the contract information and giving priority to the content of the contract with the consumer. To do.
　また、設備管理装置は、アグリゲータによって使用されるものである。 Also, the facility management device is used by the aggregator.
　また、前記制御モデル情報記憶手段には、需要家が有する空間毎に設定された制御モデル情報であって、空間に与える快適性のレベルを示す快適レベル毎に、前記設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンに従って当該空間の前記設備を運転させたときのエネルギーの予想削減量と、を対応付けすることによって空間毎に生成された制御モデル情報が記憶されており、アグリゲータが需要家に対して指示したエネルギー使用量の削減量を、当該需要家が有する各空間に分配する際に利用されるものである。 Further, the control model information storage means stores control model information set for each space of a consumer and includes the content of operation control of the equipment for each comfort level indicating the comfort level given to the space. Control model information generated for each space is stored by associating the control pattern shown and the expected reduction amount of energy when the facility of the space is operated according to the control pattern, and the aggregator This is used when distributing the reduction amount of the energy usage instructed to the consumer to each space of the consumer.
　本発明に係る設備管理システムは、アグリゲータによって使用される前述した設備管理装置と、上記設備管理装置と、を有し、アグリゲータによって使用される設備管理装置は、エネルギー供給元からのエネルギー使用量の削減要求に応じて、要求された削減量を各需要家に分配し、上記設備管理装置は、前記アグリゲータから分配された削減量を、当該需要家が有する各空間に分配するものである。 The facility management system according to the present invention includes the above-described facility management device used by the aggregator and the facility management device, and the facility management device used by the aggregator is capable of measuring the amount of energy used from the energy supply source. In response to the reduction request, the requested reduction amount is distributed to each consumer, and the facility management apparatus distributes the reduction amount distributed from the aggregator to each space of the consumer.
　本発明に係るプログラムは、需要家毎に設定された制御モデル情報であって、需要家に与える快適性のレベルを示す快適レベル毎に、エネルギーを使用する設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させたときのエネルギーの予想削減量と、を対応付けすることによって生成された制御モデル情報を記憶する制御モデル情報記憶手段をアクセス可能なコンピュータを、エネルギー使用量の削減要求に応じて、要求された削減量を各需要家に分配することで各需要家のエネルギー削減量を決定する決定手段、各需要家に対してエネルギー使用量の削減を指示する指示手段、として機能させ、前記決定手段は、前記制御モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された各需要家の制御モデル情報に基づいて、各需要家に適用する制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量の合計が前記要求された削減量以上となり、かつ各需要家における快適性が所定の選択条件を満たすよう、各需要家に適用する制御パターンを当該需要家の制御モデル情報の中から選択し、その選択した制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を当該需要家のエネルギー削減量として決定し、前記指示手段は、前記決定手段により選択された各需要家の制御パターンを、当該需要家の削減指示として送るものである。 The program according to the present invention is control model information that is set for each consumer, and is a control pattern that indicates the content of operation control of equipment that uses energy for each comfort level that indicates the level of comfort given to the consumer. And a computer that can access control model information storage means for storing control model information generated by associating the expected reduction amount of energy when operating the facility of the customer according to the control pattern In response to a request to reduce the amount of energy used, the means for determining the amount of energy reduction for each customer by distributing the requested amount of reduction to each customer, reducing the amount of energy used for each customer The determination means is based on the control model information of each customer stored in the control model information storage means. Each consumer so that the total expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the control pattern to be applied to each consumer is equal to or greater than the requested reduction amount, and the comfort level of each consumer satisfies a predetermined selection condition. The control pattern to be applied is selected from the control model information of the consumer, the expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the selected control pattern is determined as the energy reduction amount of the consumer, and the instruction means The control pattern of each consumer selected by the means is sent as a reduction instruction for the consumer.
　本発明によれば、需要家が感じる快適性を考慮しつつ、要求されたエネルギー削減量を各需要家に分配することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to distribute the requested energy reduction amount to each consumer while considering the comfort felt by the consumer.
　また、需要家の特性に対応した制御モデル情報を生成することができる。 Also, it is possible to generate control model information corresponding to customer characteristics.
　また、エネルギー使用量の削減のために適用された制御パターンに従った設備の運転実績に基づく学習により、制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量の精度を向上させることができる。 Also, the accuracy of the expected amount of energy reduction corresponding to the control pattern can be improved by learning based on the operation results of the equipment according to the control pattern applied for reducing the energy consumption.
　また、エネルギー使用量の削減のために適用された制御パターンに従った設備の運転実績に基づく学習により、需要者が感じる快適性の予測精度を向上させることができる。 Moreover, the prediction accuracy of the comfort felt by the consumer can be improved by learning based on the operation results of the equipment according to the control pattern applied for reducing the energy consumption.
　また、需要家による契約情報に基づく要望に優先的に応えつつ、要求されたエネルギー削減量を各需要家に分配することができる。 Also, it is possible to distribute the requested amount of energy reduction to each customer while preferentially responding to requests based on the contract information by the customer.
　また、エネルギー供給元から要求された削減量を、需要家、更に需要家の各空間と細分化したレベルでエネルギー削減量を決定することができる。 Also, it is possible to determine the amount of energy reduction requested by the energy supplier at a level that is subdivided into the customer and each customer space.
本実施の形態における電力管理システムの一例を示した全体構成図である。It is the whole lineblock diagram showing an example of the power management system in this embodiment. 本発明に係る設備管理装置の一実施の形態を示したブロック構成図である。It is the block block diagram which showed one Embodiment of the equipment management apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本実施の形態における設備管理装置を形成するコンピュータのハードウェア構成図である。It is a hardware block diagram of the computer which forms the equipment management apparatus in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御パターンリスト記憶部に記憶されている制御パターンリストのデータ設定例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the data setting example of the control pattern list memorize | stored in the control pattern list memory | storage part in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御モデル情報記憶部に記憶されている制御モデル情報のデータ設定例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the data setting example of the control model information memorize | stored in the control model information storage part in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態において、制限パターンリス卜を参照して制御モデル情報を生成する処理を説明するために用いる図である。In this Embodiment, it is a figure used in order to demonstrate the process which produces | generates control model information with reference to the restriction | limiting pattern list | wrist. 本実施の形態における使用電力量削減処理を示したフローチャー卜である。It is a flowchart showing the power consumption reduction processing in the present embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御モデル情報のデータ設定例を示した図であり、本実施の形態において各ビルに適用する制御パターンの決定について説明するために用いる図である。It is the figure which showed the data setting example of the control model information in this Embodiment, and is a figure used in order to demonstrate the determination of the control pattern applied to each building in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御モデル情報の更新について説明するために用いる図である。It is a figure used in order to demonstrate the update of the control model information in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御モデル情報のデータ設定例を示した図であり、本実施の形態において各ビルに適用する制御パターンの決定について説明するために用いる図である。It is the figure which showed the data setting example of the control model information in this Embodiment, and is a figure used in order to demonstrate the determination of the control pattern applied to each building in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御モデル情報の設定内容の遷移を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the transition of the setting content of the control model information in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御モデル情報の設定内容の遷移を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the transition of the setting content of the control model information in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御パターンリストの設定例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the example of a setting of the control pattern list | wrist in this Embodiment. 本実施の形態における制御モデル情報の他のデータ設定例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the other data setting example of the control model information in this Embodiment.
　以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の好適な実施の形態について説明する。なお、本実施の形態においては、電気をエネルギーの例として説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, electricity will be described as an example of energy.
　図１は、本実施の形態における設備管理システムの一例を示した全体構成図である。図１には、電力の供給元である電力会社１、アグリゲータ２及び電力会社１からの電力の供給を受けて使用する各複数のビル３が示されている。そして、電力会社１、アグリゲータ２及びビル３それぞれが使用する不図示のコンピュータは、ネットワーク４に接続されている。アグリゲータ２は、需要家であるビル３を予め多数取りまとめて事前に契約し、電力会社１が必要となったタイミングで契約したビル３の中から最適な組合せを選んで必要なネガワットを集める事業者である。本実施の形態におけるアグリゲータ２は、電力会社１からの使用電力の削減要請（削減要求）に応じて、要求された削減量を各ビル３に分配することで、各ビル３に対して使用電力量の削減を指示する。 FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an example of a facility management system in the present embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a plurality of buildings 3 that are used by receiving power supply from the power company 1, the aggregator 2, and the power company 1 that are power supply sources. Computers (not shown) used by the electric power company 1, the aggregator 2, and the building 3 are connected to the network 4. Aggregator 2 is a business operator that collects a large number of customers' buildings 3 in advance and contracts in advance, and selects the optimal combination from the buildings 3 contracted at the timing when the electric power company 1 needs to collect the necessary negawatts. It is. The aggregator 2 according to the present embodiment distributes the requested reduction amount to each building 3 in response to a reduction request (reduction request) for the usage power from the electric power company 1, so that the power usage is applied to each building 3. Instruct to reduce the amount.
　図２は、本発明に係る設備管理装置の一実施の形態を示したブロック構成図である。本実施の形態における設備管理装置１０は、アグリゲータ２によって使用され、後述する処理によって、電力会社１から要求された使用電力量の削減量を各ビル３に分配する。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the equipment management apparatus according to the present invention. The facility management apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is used by the aggregator 2 and distributes the reduction amount of the used electric power requested from the electric power company 1 to each building 3 by a process described later.
　図３は、本実施の形態における設備管理装置１０を形成するコンピュータのハードウェア構成図である。本実施の形態において設備管理装置１０を形成するコンピュータは、バーソナルコンピュータ（ＰＣ）等の従前から存在する汎用的なハードウェア構成で実現できる。すなわち、コンピュータは、図３に示したようにＣＰＵ２１、ＲＯＭ２２、ＲＡＭ２３、ハードディスクドライブ（ＨＤＤ）２４、入力手段として設けられたマウス２５と、入力手段として設けられたキーボード２６、及び表示装置として設けられたディスプレイ２７をそれぞれ接続する入出力コントローラ２８、並びに、通信手段として設けられたネッ卜ワークコントローラ２９を内部バス３０に接続して構成される。 FIG. 3 is a hardware configuration diagram of a computer forming the facility management apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the computer forming the facility management apparatus 10 can be realized by a general-purpose hardware configuration that has existed in the past, such as a personal computer (PC). That is, the computer is provided as a CPU 21, a ROM 22, a RAM 23, a hard disk drive (HDD) 24, a mouse 25 provided as input means, a keyboard 26 provided as input means, and a display device as shown in FIG. An input / output controller 28 for connecting each display 27 and a network controller 29 provided as communication means are connected to an internal bus 30.
　図２に戻り、本実施の形態における設備管理装置１０は、快適性データ収集部１１、制御モデル情報生成部１２、制御パターン選択部１３、削減指示部１４、快適性データ記憶部１５、制御パターンリス卜記憶部１６、制御モデル情報記憶部１７及びビル情報記憶部１８を有している。なお、図２には、本実施の形態における説明に必要な構成要素のみ図示しており、アグリゲータ２として機能するために従前から有している構成については省略している。 Returning to FIG. 2, the facility management apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a comfort data collection unit 11, a control model information generation unit 12, a control pattern selection unit 13, a reduction instruction unit 14, a comfort data storage unit 15, and a control pattern. A squirrel storage unit 16, a control model information storage unit 17, and a building information storage unit 18 are provided. In FIG. 2, only the components necessary for the description in the present embodiment are illustrated, and the configuration that has been previously provided to function as the aggregator 2 is omitted.
　快適性データ収集部１１は、収集手段として設けられ、ビル３が削減指示として送られてきた制御パターンに従って当該ビル３に設置された設備を運転させた後に得られた当該ビル３における快適性の実感を示す快適性データを収集し、快適性データ記憶部１５に蓄積する。制御モデル情報生成部１２は、生成手段として設けられ、ビル３毎に、制御パターンリス卜記憶部１６に記憶された制御パターンリストの中から当該ビル３への適用対象とする複数の制御パターンを抽出し、その抽出した複数の制御パターンそれぞれに対応する使用電力量の予想削減量を算出し、その算出した使用電力量の予想削減量を当該制御パターンに対応付けることによって当該ビル３の制御モデル情報を生成し、制御モデル情報記憶部１７に登録する。制御パターン選択部１３は、決定手段として設けられ、電力会社１からのエネルギー使用量の削減要求に応じて、要求された削減量を各ビル３に分配することで各ビル３の使用電力量の削減量を決定する。詳細については後述するが、制御パターン選択部１３は、制御モデル情報記憶部１７に記憶された各ビル３の制御モデル情報に基づいて、各ビル３に適用する制御パターンに対応する予想削減量の合計が、電力会社１から要求された削減量以上となり、かつ各ビル３における快適性が所定の選択条件を満たすよう、各ビル３に適用する制御パターンを当該ビル３の制御モデル情報の中から選択し、その選択した制御パターンに対応する予想削減量を当該ビル３の使用電力量の削減量として決定する。削減指示部１４は、指示手段として設けられ、制御パターン選択部１３により決定された各ビル３の制御パターンを、当該ビル３の削減指示として送ることで各ビル３に対して使用電力量の削減を指示する。 The comfort data collection unit 11 is provided as a collection unit, and the comfort data of the building 3 obtained after operating the equipment installed in the building 3 according to the control pattern sent by the building 3 as a reduction instruction. Comfort data indicating actual feeling is collected and stored in the comfort data storage unit 15. The control model information generation unit 12 is provided as a generation unit, and for each building 3, a plurality of control patterns to be applied to the building 3 are selected from the control pattern list stored in the control pattern list storage unit 16. The control model information of the building 3 is extracted by calculating an expected reduction amount of the used power amount corresponding to each of the extracted control patterns and associating the calculated expected reduction amount of the used power amount with the control pattern. Is registered in the control model information storage unit 17. The control pattern selection unit 13 is provided as a determination unit, and distributes the requested reduction amount to each building 3 in accordance with the energy usage reduction request from the electric power company 1, thereby reducing the amount of power used by each building 3. Determine the amount of reduction. Although details will be described later, the control pattern selection unit 13 determines the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern applied to each building 3 based on the control model information of each building 3 stored in the control model information storage unit 17. The control pattern to be applied to each building 3 is selected from the control model information of the building 3 so that the total is equal to or more than the reduction amount requested by the power company 1 and the comfort in each building 3 satisfies the predetermined selection condition. The expected reduction amount corresponding to the selected control pattern is determined as the reduction amount of the power consumption of the building 3. The reduction instruction unit 14 is provided as an instruction unit, and reduces the amount of power used to each building 3 by sending the control pattern of each building 3 determined by the control pattern selection unit 13 as a reduction instruction for the building 3. Instruct.
　制御パターンリスト記憶部１６は、各制限レベルに制御パターンを対応付けて定義された制御パターンリストを制御パターンマスタ情報として記憶する制御パターンマスタ情報記憶手段である。図４には、本実施の形態における制御パターンリスト記憶部１６に記憶されている制御パターンリストのデータ設定例が示されている。なお、図４には、夏場における空調機を設備として想定して定義された制御パターンが例示されている。制御パターンリストは、電気を使用する設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンによって設備の運転が制限されるレベルを示す制限レベルとが対応付して生成される。図４において、制限レベルは丸数字によって示されており、数値が大きいほど厳しい制限の制御パターンが対応付けされる。なお、本実施の形態では、１０の制限レベルを事前に設定した例を示しているが、制限レベル数は、これに限定されるものではない。 The control pattern list storage unit 16 is a control pattern master information storage unit that stores a control pattern list defined by associating a control pattern with each restriction level as control pattern master information. FIG. 4 shows a data setting example of the control pattern list stored in the control pattern list storage unit 16 in the present embodiment. FIG. 4 illustrates a control pattern defined assuming an air conditioner in the summer as equipment. The control pattern list is generated by associating a control pattern indicating the content of operation control of equipment using electricity with a restriction level indicating a level at which the operation of the equipment is restricted by the control pattern. In FIG. 4, the restriction level is indicated by a circle number, and a strict restriction control pattern is associated with a larger numerical value. In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which ten restriction levels are set in advance, but the number of restriction levels is not limited to this.
　図４において、例えば、制限レベルが１の“風速弱（１０／３０分）”というのは、運転時間が３０分あったらそのうち１０分間は風速を現在より弱めて運転するという制御内容を意味する。また、制限レベルが４の“設定温度＋１℃（５／３０分）”というのは、運転時間が３０分あったらそのうち５分間は設定温度を現在より１度上げて運転するという制御内容を意味する。この例のように、風速を弱めたり、設定温度を上げたりことで使用電力量の削減が見込める。なお、風速や温度を変更して運転する時間は、必ずしも連続としなくてもよい。例えば、“風速弱（１０／３０分）”の制御パターンの場合、３０分間の中で風速を５分間弱めた運転を２回行うようにしてもよいし、２分間弱めた運転を５回行うようにしてもよい。このように、風速を弱めた運転時間の合計が１０分間となればよい。また、５分間弱めた運転を２回行う場合でも、例えば制御開始１０分経過後に５分間弱めた運転を１セットとし、このセットを所定回数（ここでは２回）繰り返すというように周期的な運転制御としてもよいし、３０分間の中で任意のタイミングで５分間を２回弱めた運転をしてもよい。この合計１０分間の風速を弱める運転制御は、制御パターン固有としてもよいし、ビル３側で、例えば制御パターンを受け取った設備のコントローラが所望のパターンで設備の運転を制御するようにしてもよい。 In FIG. 4, for example, “wind velocity weak (10/30 minutes)” with a restriction level of 1 means the control content that, if the operation time is 30 minutes, the operation is performed with the wind speed weakened for 10 minutes. . The restriction level of 4 “set temperature + 1 ° C. (5/30 minutes)” means the control content that if the operation time is 30 minutes, the set temperature is raised once from the present for 5 minutes. To do. As in this example, the amount of power used can be reduced by reducing the wind speed or raising the set temperature. Note that the operation time by changing the wind speed and temperature is not necessarily continuous. For example, in the case of the control pattern of “weak wind speed (10/30 minutes)”, the operation in which the wind speed is weakened for 5 minutes may be performed twice in 30 minutes, or the operation in which the wind speed is weakened for 2 minutes is performed five times. You may do it. Thus, the sum total of the operation time which weakened the wind speed should just be 10 minutes. Also, even when the operation weakened for 5 minutes is performed twice, for example, the operation weakened for 5 minutes after 10 minutes from the start of control is set as one set, and this set is repeated a predetermined number of times (here, twice). It is good also as control, and you may drive | operate which weakened 5 minutes twice in arbitrary timing in 30 minutes. The operation control that weakens the wind speed for a total of 10 minutes may be specific to the control pattern, or on the building 3 side, for example, the controller of the facility that has received the control pattern may control the operation of the facility in a desired pattern. .
　なお、図４に示した制御パターンの制限レベル４と制限レベル５の関係によると、３０分間のうち設定温度を１度上げて５分間運転させた方が、風速を３０分間弱める、すなわち風速を常時弱めた状態にて運転するより使用電力量の削減効果は大きくなると仮定している。そして、使用電力量の削減効果が大きいほど快適性のレベルが低下すると仮定している。本実施の形態では、制御パターンとして図４に示した設定例を用いているが、この設定例に限定する必要はない。 In addition, according to the relationship between the restriction level 4 and the restriction level 5 of the control pattern shown in FIG. 4, when the set temperature is raised once in 30 minutes and the operation is performed for 5 minutes, the wind speed is decreased for 30 minutes, that is, the wind speed is reduced. It is assumed that the effect of reducing the amount of power used will be greater than when operating in a weak state at all times. It is assumed that the comfort level decreases as the power consumption reduction effect increases. In the present embodiment, the setting example shown in FIG. 4 is used as the control pattern, but it is not necessary to limit to this setting example.
　ビル情報記憶部１８には、アグリゲータ２が契約している各ビル３に関する情報、具体的には、ビル３の階数、大きさ、及び居室数等の建物情報、ビル３に設置された設備の数、設置場所等の設備情報、更に本実施の形態の場合、制御パターンの選択条件に関する契約内容等が設定されている。なお、その他の記憶部１５～１７に関しては、追って詳細を説明する。 In the building information storage unit 18, information on each building 3 with which the aggregator 2 is contracted, specifically, building information such as the number of floors, the size, and the number of rooms of the building 3, and the equipment installed in the building 3 Equipment information such as the number, installation location, etc. In addition, in the case of the present embodiment, contract contents concerning the selection conditions of the control pattern are set. Details of the other storage units 15 to 17 will be described later.
　設備管理装置１０における各構成要素１１～１４は、設備管理装置１０を形成するコンピュータと、コンピュータに搭載されたＣＰＵ２１で動作するプログラムとの協調動作により実現される。その他の記憶部１５～１８は、設備管理装置１０に搭載されたＨＤＤ２４にて実現される。あるいは、ＲＡＭ２３又は外部にある記憶手段をネットワーク経由で利用してもよい。 Each component 11 to 14 in the facility management apparatus 10 is realized by a cooperative operation of a computer that forms the facility management apparatus 10 and a program that operates on the CPU 21 mounted on the computer. The other storage units 15 to 18 are realized by the HDD 24 mounted in the facility management apparatus 10. Alternatively, the RAM 23 or an external storage means may be used via a network.
　また、本実施の形態で用いるプログラムは、通信手段により提供することはもちろん、ＣＤ-ＲＯＭやＵＳＢメモリ等のコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体に格納して提供することも可能である。通信手段や記録媒体から提供されたプログラムはコンピュータにインストールされ、コンピュータのＣＰＵがプログラムを順次実行することで各種処理が実現される。 Further, the program used in this embodiment can be provided not only by communication means but also by storing it in a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM or USB memory. The program provided from the communication means or the recording medium is installed in the computer, and various processes are realized by the CPU of the computer sequentially executing the program.
　電力会社１からの使用電力量の削減要求に応じて、アグリゲータ２は、要求された削減量を、契約している各ビル３に分配することでその削減要求に応じることになるが、本実施の形態においては、要求された削減量を各ビル３における快適性を考慮しつつ分配することを特徴としている。この特徴的な分配を実施するためには、前述した制限パターンリストを事前に定義しておくことに加えて制御モデル情報に初期設定を行っておく必要がある。以下、制御モデル情報生成部１２が実施する初期設定処理について説明する。 The aggregator 2 responds to the reduction request by distributing the requested reduction amount to each contracted building 3 in response to a reduction request for the amount of power used from the power company 1. This embodiment is characterized in that the requested reduction amount is distributed in consideration of the comfort in each building 3. In order to implement this characteristic distribution, it is necessary to make initial settings in the control model information in addition to defining the above-described restriction pattern list in advance. Hereinafter, the initial setting process performed by the control model information generation unit 12 will be described.
　図５は、本実施の形態における制御モデル情報記憶部１７に記憶されている制御モデル情報のデータ設定例を示した図である。各ビル３の制御モデル情報は、制御パターンと予想削減量との組を、快適性のレベルを示す目標快適レベルに対応させて設定される。制御モデル情報生成部１２は、初期設定において各ビル３の制御モデル情報を生成することを目的としている。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a data setting example of the control model information stored in the control model information storage unit 17 in the present embodiment. The control model information of each building 3 is set so that a set of a control pattern and an expected reduction amount is associated with a target comfort level indicating a comfort level. The control model information generation unit 12 is intended to generate control model information for each building 3 in the initial setting.
　図６には、制限パターンリストから所定数の制御パターンを抽出して制御モデル情報を生成する処理を概念的に示している。本実施の形態では、所定数として５つの制御パターンを抽出する場合を例にして説明する。図６では、ビルＡに対して４～８の制限レベルに対応する５つの制御パターンを、ビルＢに対して３～７の制限レベルに対応する５つの制御パターンを、それぞれ抽出する場合を例示している。制御モデル情報生成部１２は、例えばビルＡのために制御パターンを抽出すると、その抽出した制御パターンをビルＡの制御モデル情報のテーブルに当てはめる。ビルＢ，Ｃに対しても同様にして抽出した制御パターンを、各ビルＢ，Ｃの制御モデル情報のテーブルに当てはめる。 FIG. 6 conceptually shows a process of generating a control model information by extracting a predetermined number of control patterns from the restriction pattern list. In the present embodiment, a case where five control patterns are extracted as a predetermined number will be described as an example. FIG. 6 illustrates a case where five control patterns corresponding to restriction levels 4 to 8 are extracted for building A, and five control patterns corresponding to restriction levels 3 to 7 are extracted for building B. is doing. For example, when the control model information generation unit 12 extracts a control pattern for the building A, the control model information generation unit 12 applies the extracted control pattern to the control model information table of the building A. The control pattern extracted in the same manner for the buildings B and C is applied to the control model information table for each of the buildings B and C.
　このようにして、制御モデル情報生成部１２は、各ビル３の目標快適レベルに上記抽出した制御パターンを対応付ける。図６に例示したように、制御モデル情報に当てはめるために抽出する制御パターンの制限レベルは、ビル３間で必ずしも一致させる必要はなくビル３の特性等を参照にビル毎に決めてもよい。ただ、図５では、図６とは異なり、説明の便宜上、ビルＢに対してもビルＡ，Ｃと同様に、制御パターンリス卜のほぼ中央当たりの４～８の制限レベルに対応する制御パターンを初期値として抽出した場合を示している。本実施の形態では、数値の小さい方が快適性のレベルが高い、すなわち快適であることを意味している。 In this way, the control model information generation unit 12 associates the extracted control pattern with the target comfort level of each building 3. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the restriction level of the control pattern extracted to be applied to the control model information does not necessarily need to be matched between the buildings 3, and may be determined for each building with reference to the characteristics of the buildings 3. However, in FIG. 5, unlike FIG. 6, for convenience of explanation, the control pattern corresponding to the restriction level of 4 to 8 around the center of the control pattern squirrel is also applied to the building B in the same manner as the buildings A and C. Is extracted as an initial value. In the present embodiment, a smaller numerical value means a higher level of comfort, that is, comfort.
　なお、詳細は後述するように、本実施の形態では、各ビル３においてアグリゲータ２から指示された制御パターンで空調設備を運転させてから所定時間経過後に、快適性についてのアンケートを各ビル３の居住者に回答してもらい、アグリゲータ２は、そのアンケー卜の結果を回収することになる。そして、例えば“送風（５／３０分）”という制御パターンを送ることで削減指示をした場合、アグリゲータ２は、ビル３の居住者が感じる快適性のレベルは２であるとアンケートの結果から得られることを目標としている。そのため、制御モデル情報では「目標快適レベル」と称している。 As will be described in detail later, in the present embodiment, after a predetermined time has elapsed since the air conditioner was operated in the control pattern instructed by the aggregator 2 in each building 3, a questionnaire about comfort was sent to each building 3. Having the resident answer, the aggregator 2 will collect the results of the questionnaire. For example, when a reduction instruction is sent by sending a control pattern of “air blowing (5/30 minutes)”, the aggregator 2 obtains from the questionnaire results that the level of comfort felt by the residents of the building 3 is 2. The goal is to be. Therefore, the control model information is referred to as “target comfort level”.
　以上のように、各ビル３に対し、各目標快適レベルに対応させて制御パターンを設定すると、続いて、制御モデル情報生成部１２は、設定した各制御パターンに対応させて予想削減量を設定する。予想削減量というのは、対応する制御パターンに従って空調設備を運転させたときの予想削減量（エネルギーの予想削減量）である。制御モデル情報生成部１２は、空調設備の設置台数等の設置情報、及び、空調設備の性能等の仕様情報を含む各ビル３のビル情報を参照してビル毎に予想削減量を算出するが、各ビル３の空調設備の設置台数、空調設備の設置位置、及び、空調設備の性能等が異なると、各ビル３の予想削減量の値は同じ制御パターンに基づき運転しても異なってくる。 As described above, when a control pattern is set for each building 3 corresponding to each target comfort level, the control model information generation unit 12 then sets an expected reduction amount corresponding to each set control pattern. To do. The expected reduction amount is the expected reduction amount (expected reduction amount of energy) when the air conditioning equipment is operated according to the corresponding control pattern. The control model information generation unit 12 calculates the expected reduction amount for each building by referring to the building information of each building 3 including the installation information such as the number of installed air conditioning facilities and the specification information such as the performance of the air conditioning facilities. If the number of air-conditioning equipment installed in each building 3, the installation position of the air-conditioning equipment, and the performance of the air-conditioning equipment are different, the predicted reduction value of each building 3 will be different even if it is operated based on the same control pattern .
　なお、本実施の形態では、制御モデル情報に設定する目標快適レベルの数を５としたが、この設定例は一例であってこの例に限定されるものではない。また、本実施の形態では、連続した制限レベルを抽出したが、必ずしも連続に限定する必要はない。もちろん、レベルを示しているので制限レベルの大きさの順に並べて制御モデル情報に設定する必要はある。 In this embodiment, the number of target comfort levels set in the control model information is 5. However, this setting example is only an example and is not limited to this example. In the present embodiment, continuous restriction levels are extracted, but it is not necessarily limited to continuous. Of course, since the level is shown, it is necessary to set the control model information in the order of the size of the restriction level.
　本実施の形態における制御モデル情報生成部１２は、以上のようにして制御モデル情報の初期設定を行う。初期設定が終了した後、需要家であるビル３では、通常通りの運用にて設備を動作させる。この通常通りの運用では、制御モデル情報を参照する必要はない。 The control model information generation unit 12 in the present embodiment performs initial setting of the control model information as described above. After the initial setting is completed, in the building 3 as a consumer, the equipment is operated in a normal operation. In this normal operation, it is not necessary to refer to the control model information.
　ここで、アグリゲータ２は、電力会社１から使用電力量の削減が要求されると、その削減要求にて指定された使用電力量の削減量（以下、「削減要求電力量」）を分配する使用電力量削減処理が開始される。以下、本実施の形態における使用電力量削減処理について図７に示したフローチャートを用いて説明する。 Here, when the power company 1 requests reduction of the amount of power used, the aggregator 2 uses the amount of power consumption specified in the reduction request (hereinafter referred to as “reduction required power amount”). The power reduction process is started. Hereinafter, the power consumption reduction process according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
　削減要求電力量を取得すると（ステップＳ１０１）、制御パターン選択部１３は、各ビル３に適用する制御パターンを当該ビル３の制御モデル情報の中から選択し、そして削減要求電力量の分配量を決定する（ステップＳ１０２）。この制御パターン及び分配する使用電力量を決定する基本的な処理について図８を用いて説明する。 When the reduction required power amount is acquired (step S101), the control pattern selection unit 13 selects a control pattern to be applied to each building 3 from the control model information of the building 3, and determines the distribution amount of the reduction required power amount. Determine (step S102). A basic process for determining the control pattern and the amount of power to be distributed will be described with reference to FIG.
　例えば、電力会社１から３０ｋＷｈの電力量の削減が要求されたとする。このとき、制御パターン選択部１３は、各ビル３の快適性がばらつかず、同程度の目標快適レベルとなるようになるように各ビル３の制御パターンを選択することを試みる。図８に示した設定例によると、各ビル３の目的快適レベルが２の予想削減量を合算すると７．０＋１０．５＋１１．０＝２８．５ｋＷｈで電力会社１から要求された削減要求電力量に応えられない。また、各ビル３の目的快適レベルが３の予想削減量を合算すると８．０＋１２．０＋１４．０＝３４．０ｋＷｈで電力会社１から要求された削減要求電力量の削減が可能にはなるものの、必要以上に使用電力量を削減してしまう。つまり、ビル３に対し無用な削減を要求してしまうことにもなる。 For example, it is assumed that the electric power company 1 requests a reduction of 30 kWh. At this time, the control pattern selection unit 13 tries to select the control pattern of each building 3 so that the comfort of each building 3 does not vary and the target comfort level is comparable. According to the setting example illustrated in FIG. 8, when the expected reduction amount of the target comfort level 2 of each building 3 is added, the reduction required power amount requested by the power company 1 is 7.0 + 10.5 + 11.0 = 28.5 kWh. I can't respond. In addition, when the expected reduction amount of the target comfort level 3 of each building 3 is added up, it becomes possible to reduce the reduction required power amount requested by the electric power company 1 at 8.0 + 12.0 + 14.0 = 34.0 kWh. Reduces power consumption more than necessary. That is, an unnecessary reduction is required for the building 3.
　そこで、制御パターン選択部１３は、所定の選択条件及び優先度に従って少なくとも１つのビルＡ～Ｃの目的快適レベルを調整して、各ビル３における快適性が極力ばらつかないようにする。そして、各ビル３の予想削減量の合計の削減要求電力量からの超過が極力少なくなるように、各ビル３に適用する制御パターンを当該ビル３の制御モデル情報の中から選択する。図８に示した設定例によると、ビルＡとビルＣの目的快適レベルとして２を選択し、ビルＢの目的快適レベルとして３を選択すると、ばらつき度、すなわち各ビル３間の目的快適レベルの差が１（＝３－２）であり、各ビル３の予想削減量の合計が削減電力量と同じ３０ｋＷｈとなるので、制御パターン選択部１３は、各ビル３に対し、その制御パターン及び予想削減量を決定する。このようにして、制御バターン選択部１３は、各ビル３の予想削減量を使用電力量の削減量（以下、「電力削減量」）を決定する。 Therefore, the control pattern selection unit 13 adjusts the target comfort level of at least one building A to C according to a predetermined selection condition and priority so that the comfort in each building 3 does not vary as much as possible. And the control pattern applied to each building 3 is selected from the control model information of the said building 3 so that the excess from the total reduction request | requirement electric energy of each building 3 may be reduced as much as possible. According to the setting example shown in FIG. 8, when 2 is selected as the target comfort level of the buildings A and C and 3 is selected as the target comfort level of the building B, the degree of variation, that is, the target comfort level between the buildings 3 is determined. Since the difference is 1 (= 3−2) and the total expected reduction amount of each building 3 is 30 kWh, which is the same as the reduced power amount, the control pattern selection unit 13 sets the control pattern and the expected value for each building 3. Determine the amount of reduction. In this way, the control pattern selection unit 13 determines the amount of power consumption reduction (hereinafter, “power reduction amount”) as the expected reduction amount of each building 3.
　以上のようにして削減要求電力量が各ビル３に分配されると、削減指示部１４は、各ビル３に対して決定された制御パターンを当該ビル３に通知することで使用電力量の削減を指示する（ステップＳ１０３）。 When the reduction required power amount is distributed to each building 3 as described above, the reduction instruction unit 14 reduces the power consumption by notifying the building 3 of the control pattern determined for each building 3. Is instructed (step S103).
　各ビル３においては、削減指示の際に通知されてきた制御パターンに従い空調設備の運転の制御パターンを変更する。例えば、ビルＡにおいては、運転時間が３０分のうち５分間は送風にて運転させるよう空調設備が制御される。この指示に従って空調設備の運転が制御されれば、ビルＡにおいて７．０ｋＷｈの使用電力量の削減が見込める。 In each building 3, the control pattern of the operation of the air conditioning equipment is changed according to the control pattern notified at the time of the reduction instruction. For example, in the building A, the air conditioning equipment is controlled so as to be operated by blowing for 5 minutes out of 30 minutes. If the operation of the air conditioning equipment is controlled in accordance with this instruction, it is possible to reduce the amount of power used by 7.0 kWh in building A.
　運転が変更されてから所定期間経過後、各ビル３において、当該ビル３の居住者に対して快適性についてアンケートを実施する。これは、例えば、居住者が使用している端末に快適性を入力させるウィンドウ画面を表示して、快適性を示すレベル、例えば１～５の数値を入力させる。 ◎ After a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the driving was changed, each building 3 conducts a questionnaire on the comfort of residents of the building 3. For example, a window screen for inputting comfort to a terminal used by a resident is displayed, and a level indicating comfort, for example, a numerical value of 1 to 5 is input.
　以上のようにして実施されたアンケートの結果が送られてくると、快適性データ収集部１１は、このアンケートの結果を取得し、快適性データとして快適性データ記憶部１５に蓄積する（ステップＳ１０４）。快適性データは、アンケートに回答した居住者が居住するビル３の識別情報と当該居住者が回答した快適レベルとが少なくとも含まれている。また、各ビル３においては、削減指示を受ける直前の所定期間（例えば、３０分間）における使用電力量と、削減指示を受けてから所定期間（例えば、３０分間）における使用電力量と、の差分から実際の電力削減量を算出するが、快適性データ収集部１１は、各ビル３において算出された実際の電力削減量を各ビル３から取得する（ステップＳ１０５）。 When the results of the questionnaire conducted as described above are sent, the comfort data collection unit 11 acquires the results of the questionnaire and accumulates them as comfort data in the comfort data storage unit 15 (step S104). ). The comfort data includes at least the identification information of the building 3 in which the resident who answered the questionnaire resides and the comfort level answered by the resident. Further, in each building 3, the difference between the amount of power used in a predetermined period (for example, 30 minutes) immediately before receiving the reduction instruction and the amount of power used in the predetermined period (for example, 30 minutes) after receiving the reduction instruction. The comfort data collection unit 11 acquires the actual power reduction amount calculated for each building 3 from each building 3 (step S105).
　以上のようにして、削減指示部１４が通知した制御パターンに基づく運転制御の結果が快適性データ収集部１１により得られると、制御モデル情報生成部１２は、各ビル３の制御モデル情報を次のようにして更新する（ステップＳ１０６）。 As described above, when the result of driving control based on the control pattern notified by the reduction instruction unit 14 is obtained by the comfort data collection unit 11, the control model information generation unit 12 outputs the control model information of each building 3 as follows. It updates as follows (step S106).
　図９は、制御モデル情報生成部１２における制御モデル情報の更新処理を説明するために用いる図である。図９には、ステップ１０２において決定した各ビル３の制御パターン（実施制御）、目標快適レベル及び電力削減量（これらを「予想情報」３１と総称）と、ステップ１０４，１０５において得られた快適レベル及び電力削減量（これらを「実績情報」３２と総称）と、これらの情報３１，３２に基づき制御モデル情報生成部１２によって必要により更新された制御モデル情報と、が示されている。なお、実績情報３２における快適レベルは、当該ビル３の快適性データに含まれる快適レベルから、制御モデル情報生成部１２が、例えば平均値等を算出することによって求めることを想定しているが、他の計算方法によって算出してもよいし、あるいはアンケート結果に基づきビル３側において計算された快適レベルを取得して利用してもよい。 FIG. 9 is a diagram used for explaining control model information update processing in the control model information generation unit 12. In FIG. 9, the control pattern (execution control) of each building 3 determined in step 102, the target comfort level and the power reduction amount (these are collectively referred to as “expected information” 31), and the comfort obtained in steps 104 and 105. The level and power reduction amount (these are collectively referred to as “result information” 32), and the control model information updated as necessary by the control model information generation unit 12 based on these information 31 and 32 are shown. In addition, although the comfort level in the performance information 32 assumes that the control model information generation part 12 calculates | requires, for example by calculating an average value etc., from the comfort level contained in the comfort data of the said building 3, You may calculate by another calculation method, or you may acquire and utilize the comfort level calculated in the building 3 side based on a questionnaire result.
　まず、ビルＡに着目する。予想情報３１を参照すると、アグリゲータ２は、ビルＡに対し、送風（５／３０分）の制御パターンで空調設備を運転させるよう削減指示すると、７．０ｋＷｈの電力削減量が見込め、このときの居住者は快適レベル“２”の快適性を感じることを予想していたことになる。そして、実績情報３２を参照すると、ビルＡでは、実際には７．８ｋＷｈの電力量が削減され、居住者は快適レベル“３”の快適性を感じたことになる。つまり、送風（５／３０分）の制御パターンでの運転制御は、ビルＡにとっては、予想以上の削減効果（７．８-７．０＝０．８ｋＷｈの削減量）が得られ、居住者に対し予想以上の不快感（快適レベル“２”ではなく“３”）を与えたことになる。従って、制御モデル情報生成部１２は、実績情報３２に従い、送風（５／３０分）の制御パターンに対応する予想削減量を“７．０”から“７．８”に更新する。更に、現在のところ目標快適レベルを“２”にしていた送風（５／３０分）の制御パターンを“３”に変更する。この制御パターンの変更は、図９に示したように、図４における制御パターンリス卜を１レベルずつ下方にスライドさせる。このようにして、ビルＡの目標快適レベル１～５に対応させる制限レベル４～８を制限レベル３～７に変更する。 First, focus on Building A. Referring to the forecast information 31, if the aggregator 2 instructs the building A to reduce the air conditioning equipment to operate with the control pattern of ventilation (5/30 minutes), a power reduction amount of 7.0 kWh can be expected. Residents were expected to feel comfort level "2". Then, referring to the performance information 32, in Building A, the amount of power of 7.8 kWh is actually reduced, and the resident feels comfort at the comfort level “3”. In other words, the operation control with the control pattern of air blowing (5/30 minutes) has an unexpected reduction effect (7.8-7.0 = 0.8 kWh reduction) for the building A, and the residents In contrast, an unpleasant feeling more than expected (comfort level “3” instead of “2”) was given. Therefore, the control model information generation unit 12 updates the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern of air blowing (5/30 minutes) from “7.0” to “7.8” according to the record information 32. Furthermore, the control pattern of the air blowing (5/30 minutes), which has currently set the target comfort level to “2”, is changed to “3”. To change the control pattern, as shown in FIG. 9, the control pattern list in FIG. 4 is slid downward by one level. In this way, the restriction levels 4 to 8 corresponding to the target comfort levels 1 to 5 of the building A are changed to the restriction levels 3 to 7.
　次に、ビルＢに着目する。ビルＢにおいてもビルＡと同様に処理すればよい。従って、実施させた送風（５，３０分）の制御パターンに対応する予想削減量を“１０．５”から“９．７”に更新する。なお、ビルＢの場合、予想と実績の快適レベルが同じ“２”なので、制御パターンの目標快適レベルの調整を行う必要はない。また、ビルＣに関しては、予想したとおりの結果を得られたので、制御モデル情報に対し何ら更新を行う必要はない。制御モデル情報生成部１２は、以上のようにして、削減指示に応じて得られた実績情報に基づき制御モデル情報を適宜更新する。 Next, focus on Building B. The building B may be processed in the same manner as the building A. Therefore, the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern of the blown air (5, 30 minutes) performed is updated from “10.5” to “9.7”. In the case of building B, the expected comfort level and the actual comfort level are “2”, so there is no need to adjust the target comfort level of the control pattern. Moreover, regarding the building C, since the expected result was obtained, it is not necessary to update the control model information at all. The control model information generation unit 12 appropriately updates the control model information based on the result information obtained according to the reduction instruction as described above.
　この後、電力会社１から使用電力量の削減要請が改めて送られてくると、図７に示した使用電力量削減処理が実施され、これにより、制御モデル情報は更新されることになる。このように、制御モデル情報は予想と実績に基づき学習により精度が向上されていくことになる。 Thereafter, when a request for reducing the amount of power used is sent again from the electric power company 1, the power consumption reduction process shown in FIG. 7 is performed, whereby the control model information is updated. Thus, the accuracy of the control model information is improved by learning based on predictions and results.
　本実施の形態によれば、以上のようにして電力会社１から使用電力量の削減要請に応じて、要求された削減量（削減要求電力量）を各ビル３に分配する。 According to the present embodiment, the requested reduction amount (reduction required power amount) is distributed to each building 3 in response to a request for reduction of the used power amount from the power company 1 as described above.
　以上の処理は基本的な処理である。この基本的な処理のステップ１０２において各ビル３に適用する制御パターンを決定する際、制御パターン選択部１３は、各ビル３の快適性がばらつかず、ほぼ均等になるようにした。もちろん、要求された削減要求電力量の電力量は削減する必要はある。基本的な処理では、このような制御パターンの選択条件を用いていたが、この例に限らず、その他の選択条件、または選択条件を組み合わせて、更に複数の選択条件を採用する場合には優先度を設定して、各ビル３に適用する制御パターンを決定してもよい。 The above processing is a basic processing. When determining the control pattern to be applied to each building 3 in step 102 of this basic process, the control pattern selection unit 13 does not vary the comfort of each building 3 and is set to be almost equal. Of course, it is necessary to reduce the amount of power required for the reduction required power amount. In the basic processing, such a control pattern selection condition is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and other selection conditions or combinations of selection conditions are used, and a plurality of selection conditions are adopted. The control pattern to be applied to each building 3 may be determined by setting the degree.
　選択条件としては、例えば、前述したように各ビル３の快適性がばらつかないようにすることがある。具体的には、設定する目標快適レベルの最大値（最悪）と最小値（最良）との差を最小にする、あるいは、各ビル３の目標快適レベルの平均値を最大としてもよい。また、各ビル３の予想削減量の合計が削減要求電力量と一致させることを優先させ、仮に一致する制御パターンの組合せが存在しない場合には予想削減量の合計と削減要求電力量との差分が最小となるようにする、あるいは差分の上限値を設定し、上限値を超えなければ、その中で選択させるようにしてもよい。 As a selection condition, for example, as described above, the comfort of each building 3 may not be varied. Specifically, the difference between the maximum value (worst) and minimum value (best) of the set target comfort level may be minimized, or the average value of the target comfort levels of each building 3 may be maximized. Also, priority is given to making the total expected reduction amount of each building 3 coincide with the required reduction power amount. If there is no combination of control patterns that matches, the difference between the total expected reduction amount and the reduction required power amount May be minimized, or an upper limit value of the difference may be set, and if it does not exceed the upper limit value, it may be selected.
　また、各ビル３との契約範囲に制御パターンの選択条件を設定させておき、この契約情報を参照するようにしてもよい。契約に規定する選択条件としては、例えば、電力削減量（例えば最大２０ｋＷｈまで）、所定の快適レベル（例えば、目標快適レベルが“３”）を下回る運転制御は実施しない、ビル３に支払われるインセンティブ優先とする、などである。 Also, the control pattern selection condition may be set in the contract range with each building 3, and this contract information may be referred to. As the selection conditions specified in the contract, for example, power reduction (for example, up to 20 kWh), driving control below a predetermined comfort level (for example, the target comfort level is “3”), an incentive paid to the building 3 is not implemented. Give priority.
　図１０は、制御モデル情報の設定例を示した図であり、図８と同じ内容の制御モデル情報である。削減要求電力量（３０ｋＷｈ）を達成しうる制御パターンの組合せは数多くあるが、図１０では、契約情報を参照し従うこと、目標快適レベルの平均値が快適（目標快適レベルが１）に近くなる、という選択条件を適用する場合の例である。そして、ビルＡは、快適レベルが３以上（１から３）という選択条件を契約情報に含めており、ビルＣは、インセンティブ優先という選択条件を契約情報に含めているとする。この場合、ビルＡ，Ｂに対しては目標快適レベルが１の制御パターンが決定され、ビルＣに対しては目標快適レベルが４の制御パターンが決定される。ビルＣの目標快適レベルは４と、ビルＡ，Ｂと比較して低いが、その分、より多くのインセンティブを受け取ることになる。なお、図１０における目標快適レベルの平均は（１＋１＋４）／３＝２．０で、図８の（２＋３＋２）／３＝２．３より快適レベルの平均値は高い。 FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of setting the control model information, which is the control model information having the same contents as FIG. Although there are many combinations of control patterns that can achieve the reduction required electric energy (30 kWh), referring to the contract information in FIG. 10, the average value of the target comfort level is close to comfortable (the target comfort level is 1). This is an example of applying the selection condition of. Further, it is assumed that the building A includes the selection condition that the comfort level is 3 or more (1 to 3) in the contract information, and the building C includes the selection condition that the incentive priority is included in the contract information. In this case, a control pattern with a target comfort level of 1 is determined for buildings A and B, and a control pattern with a target comfort level of 4 is determined for building C. The target comfort level of the building C is 4, which is lower than those of the buildings A and B, but more incentives are received accordingly. The average target comfort level in FIG. 10 is (1 + 1 + 4) /3=2.0, and the average comfort level is higher than (2 + 3 + 2) /3=2.3 in FIG.
　以上説明した各ビル３に適用する目標快適レベルを決定するために、優先度に準じた評価式、あるいは選択条件に重み付けした評価式を予め作成しておき、その評価式に削減要請された削減要求電力量を入力すると、各ビル３に適用する目標快適レベルが決定され、これに応じて制御パターンが決定されるようにしてもよい。 In order to determine the target comfort level to be applied to each building 3 described above, an evaluation formula according to the priority or an evaluation formula weighted to the selection condition is created in advance, and the reduction requested to be reduced in the evaluation formula When the required power amount is input, a target comfort level to be applied to each building 3 may be determined, and a control pattern may be determined accordingly.
　ところで、前述したように、本実施の形態では、電力会社１から削減要請があると、上記使用電力量削減処理を実施し、制御モデル情報を更新していくことで精度の向上を図るようにした。ただ、場合によっては、矛盾が生じる可能性がある。このことについて、図１１を用いて説明する。 By the way, as described above, in this embodiment, when there is a reduction request from the electric power company 1, the above-described power consumption reduction process is performed and the control model information is updated to improve accuracy. did. However, in some cases, inconsistencies may arise. This will be described with reference to FIG.
　図１１では、ビルＡを例にしている。図１１（ａ）は初期設定後の制御モデル情報、図１１（ｂ）は電力会社１からの１回目の削減要請後の制御モデル情報、図１１（ｃ）は電力会社１からの１回目の削減要請後の制御モデル情報、がそれぞれ示されている。また、図１１（ａ）と図１１（ｂ）の間及び図１１（ｂ）と図１１（ｃ）の間には、それぞれ図９で説明した予想情報３１と実績情報３２に対応する予想情報３３，３５と実績情報３４，３６が示されている。１回目の削減要請に対応する予想情報３３と実績情報３４を参照すると、快適レベルは一致したものの電力削減量が異なるため、制御モデル情報において削減指示時に送った制御パターンに対応する予想削減量を更新する。 In FIG. 11, building A is taken as an example. 11A is the control model information after the initial setting, FIG. 11B is the control model information after the first reduction request from the power company 1, and FIG. 11C is the first control model information from the power company 1. The control model information after the reduction request is shown. Further, between FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 11 (b) and between FIG. 11 (b) and FIG. 11 (c), prediction information corresponding to the prediction information 31 and the performance information 32 described in FIG. 9, respectively. 33 and 35 and performance information 34 and 36 are shown. Referring to the prediction information 33 and the actual information 34 corresponding to the first reduction request, the power reduction amount is different although the comfort level is the same. Therefore, the expected reduction amount corresponding to the control pattern sent at the time of the reduction instruction in the control model information is obtained. Update.
　続いて、２回目の削減要請に対応する予想情報３５と実繽情報３６を参照すると、快適レベルも電力削減量も異なるため、前述した処理の説明では、制御モデル情報に含める制御パターンをスライドし、また予想削減量を更新する必要が生じる。ここで、快適レベルに着目すると、１回目の削減要請に対する処理では、目標とした快適レベルが４で、アンケートの結果でも居住者は実際に４と感じていた。従って制御パターンをスライドする必要がなかった。一方、２回目の削減要請に対する処理では、目標とした快適レベルが３であるにもかかわらず、アンケートの結果によると居住者は４と感じていた。つまり、「送風（１０／３０分）」という制御パターンで運転しても、「設定温度＋１℃：（１５／３０分）」という制御パターンで運転しても、快適レベルは同じ４である。つまり、快適レベルが４となるように空調設備を運転させるためには、制御パターンとして「送風（１０／３０分）」または「設定温度＋１℃：（１５／３０分）」の一方を用意しておけばよいということになる。つまり、一方の制御パターンを制御モデル情報から削除する。 Subsequently, referring to the prediction information 35 and the actual information 36 corresponding to the second reduction request, the comfort level and the power reduction amount are different. Therefore, in the above description of the process, the control pattern included in the control model information is slid. It is also necessary to update the expected reduction amount. Here, paying attention to the comfort level, the target comfort level is 4 in the processing for the first reduction request, and the resident actually felt 4 in the result of the questionnaire. Therefore, it was not necessary to slide the control pattern. On the other hand, in the processing for the second reduction request, the resident felt 4 according to the result of the questionnaire, although the target comfort level was 3. In other words, the comfort level is the same 4 regardless of whether it is operated with a control pattern of “air blowing (10/30 minutes)” or a control pattern of “set temperature + 1 ° C .: (15/30 minutes)”. In other words, in order to operate the air conditioning equipment so that the comfort level is 4, one of “air blowing (10/30 minutes)” or “set temperature + 1 ° C .: (15/30 minutes)” is prepared as a control pattern. It ’s just that. That is, one control pattern is deleted from the control model information.
　このことについて、図１２を用いて更に説明を続けると、図１２（ａ）に示したように初期設定時に制御パターンリス卜から制限レベル４～８の制御パターンを抽出してビルＡ用の制御モデル情報を生成した。なお、図１２では、制御モデル情報のうち制御パターンのみを示している。そして、１回目の削減要請では、図１２（ｂ）に示したように制御パターンに変動はない。続いて、２回目の削減要請に応じて空調設備の運転制御を実行した結果、制御パターンを下げるようスライドさせるべきところが、前述したように１回目の削減要請においては、目標通りの快適レベルが得られている。従って、ここでは、制限レベルが６の「設定温度＋１℃（１５／３０分）」の制御パターンは不要として削除するようにした。制限レベルが６の制御パターンを削除した場合、ビルＡの制御モデル情報を制限レベル４，５，７～９の制御パターンで構成する場合と、制限レベル３～５，７，８の制御パターンで構成する場合とが考えられる。どちらを採用してもよいが、ここでは、予想通りの快適性が得られた快適レベルが４の「送風（１０／３０分）」を移動させないようにするために、図１２（ｃ）に示したように制限レベル３～５，７，８の制御パターンで構成されるよう、ビルＡの制御モデル情報を更新するようにした。 This will be further explained with reference to FIG. 12. When control is performed for building A by extracting control patterns of restriction levels 4 to 8 from the control pattern list 初期 at the initial setting as shown in FIG. Model information was generated. In FIG. 12, only the control pattern is shown in the control model information. In the first reduction request, there is no change in the control pattern as shown in FIG. Subsequently, as a result of executing the air conditioner operation control in response to the second reduction request, it should be slid to lower the control pattern. It has been. Therefore, here, the control pattern of “setting temperature + 1 ° C. (15/30 minutes)” with a restriction level of 6 is deleted as unnecessary. When the control pattern with restriction level 6 is deleted, the control model information of building A is configured with control patterns with restriction levels 4, 5, 7-9, and with control patterns with restriction levels 3-5, 7, 8 The case where it comprises is considered. Either of these may be adopted, but here, in order to prevent the movement of “fan (10/30 minutes)” with a comfort level of 4 where the expected comfort was obtained, FIG. As shown, the building A control model information is updated so as to be configured with control patterns of restriction levels 3 to 5, 7, and 8.
　本実施の形態によれば、アグリゲータ２は、以上のようにして電力会社１からの使用電力量の削減要請に応じて、要求された使用電力量の削減を実現する。 According to the present embodiment, the aggregator 2 realizes a reduction in the required power consumption in response to a reduction request for the power consumption from the power company 1 as described above.
　なお、本実施の形態では、制御パターンリスト記憶部１６に設定された制御パターンリストを参照して各ビル３の制御モデル情報を初期設定した。ただ、ビル３の規模、階数、窓の向き等の構造、ビル３に設置された電気設備の台数等によって同じ制御パターンでも使用電力量の削減量は異なってくる場合がある。そこで、図１３に例示したように複数の制御パターンリストを予め用意して制御パターンリスト記憶部１６に登録しておき、制御モデル情報生成部１２は、初期設定時に各ビル３の制御モデル情報を生成する際、ビル情報記憶部１８に記憶されている各ビル３の構造等が設定されているビル情報を参照することで、制御パターンリス卜記億部１６に設定された複数の制御パターンリストの中から各ビル３に適用する制御パターンリストを特定するようにしてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the control model information of each building 3 is initially set with reference to the control pattern list set in the control pattern list storage unit 16. However, depending on the structure of the building 3, the number of floors, the direction of the windows, etc., the number of electrical facilities installed in the building 3, etc., the amount of reduction in power consumption may vary even with the same control pattern. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 13, a plurality of control pattern lists are prepared in advance and registered in the control pattern list storage unit 16, and the control model information generation unit 12 stores the control model information of each building 3 at the initial setting. When generating, a plurality of control pattern lists set in the control pattern list storage unit 16 by referring to the building information in which the structure of each building 3 stored in the building information storage unit 18 is set. You may make it specify the control pattern list | wrist applied to each building 3 from among.
　また、本実施の形態では、電気機器として空調設備を使用電力量の削減対象とし、空調設備の特化した制御パターンリストを予め設定した場合を例にして説明したが、照明設備等他の設備機器を使用電力量の削減対象としてもよい。また、複数の異なる種類の電気機器を組み合わせて使用電力量の削減対象としてもよい。 Further, in the present embodiment, the case where an air conditioning facility is used as an electric device to reduce the amount of power used and a control pattern list specialized for the air conditioning facility is set in advance has been described as an example. The device may be a target for reducing the amount of power used. Also, a plurality of different types of electric devices may be combined to reduce power consumption.
　ところで、前述したように、アグリゲータ２は、電力会社１からの要請に応じて削減要求電力量を各ビル３に分配し、各ビル３では、削減指示の際に指定された制御パターンに基づき空調設備を運転させることで指定された電力削減量分の使用電力量を削減することになる。各ビル３内においてどのように削減するかというと、基本的にはビル３全体において制御パターンに従い各空調設備を同じように運転制御する、すなわち全ての空調設備に同じパターンにて運転させることを想定していた。ただ、ビル３の規模に差異があるように、ビル３内においても居室の広さや向き、空調設備の性能、設置台数、居住者人数等が異なる場合があり、このためビル３全体で空調設備を同じように運転させていたのでは、ビル３内の居住者に与える快適性にばらつきが生じてくる可能性がある。 By the way, as described above, the aggregator 2 distributes the reduction required power amount to each building 3 in response to a request from the electric power company 1, and each building 3 performs air conditioning based on the control pattern specified in the reduction instruction. By operating the facility, the amount of power used is reduced by the specified amount of power reduction. As for how to reduce in each building 3, basically, the entire building 3 is operated and controlled in the same manner according to the control pattern, that is, all the air conditioning facilities are operated in the same pattern. I was expecting. However, just as there is a difference in the size of the building 3, the size and orientation of the room, the performance of the air conditioning equipment, the number of installed units, the number of residents, etc. may be different within the building 3. In the same way, there is a possibility that the comfort given to the residents in the building 3 may vary.
　そこで、上記説明したように、アグリゲータ２が電力会社１からの要求された削減要求電力量を各ビル３に分配したように、各ビル３においても、アグリゲータ２から削減指示された電力削減量を当該ビルのフロア、居室等の各空間に分配して各空間における居住者の快適性にばらつきが生じないようにしてもよい。 Therefore, as described above, as the aggregator 2 distributes the requested reduction power amount from the power company 1 to each building 3, the power reduction amount instructed to be reduced from the aggregator 2 is also obtained in each building 3. You may distribute to each space, such as a floor of a said building, and a living room, and you may make it not produce dispersion | variation in the comfort of the resident in each space.
　図１４は、本実施の形態における制御モデル情報の他のデータ設定例を示した図である。図５では、制御モデル情報をビル毎に生成したが、図１４では、エリア毎に生成した例が示されている。この場合、設備管理装置１０は、電力会社１からの要求された削減要求電力量を各ビル３に分配した後、図１４に例示した制御モデル情報を参照して、各ビルに分配した電力削減量を当該ビル３の各エリアに分配する。このようにして、各エリアにおける快適性のばらつきが生じないようにしてもよい。 FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another data setting example of the control model information in the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, the control model information is generated for each building, but FIG. 14 shows an example in which the control model information is generated for each area. In this case, the facility management apparatus 10 distributes the requested reduction power amount from the power company 1 to each building 3, and then refers to the control model information illustrated in FIG. The amount is distributed to each area of the building 3. In this way, there may be no variation in comfort in each area.
　なお、この場合、各ビル３から収集するアンケートには、ビル３の識別情報及び当該居住者が回答した快適レベルに加えて、当該居住者が所在するエリアの識別情報を含めておく必要がある。 In this case, in addition to the identification information of the building 3 and the comfort level answered by the resident, the questionnaire collected from each building 3 must include the identification information of the area where the resident is located. .
　ただ、アグリゲータ２の設備管理装置１０に各ビル３のエリアへの電力削減量を決定させるためには、アグリゲータ２に各ビル３のエリアに関する情報を持たせなくてはならない。また、処理負荷も増大する。そこで、アグリゲータ２への情報集中及び処理負荷の増大を回避するために、前述した設備管理装置１０の処理機能を各ビル３に持たせるようにしてもよい。すなわち、各ビル３にも前述した設備管理装置１０と同等の機能を有する設備管理装置１０を設置する。あるいは、各ビル３に既設のビル管理装置あるいは設備の動作制御を行う制御装置（コントローラ）に設備管理装置１０の処理機能を持たせて、それらの装置を設備管理装置１０として利用する。この場合、ビル３において空調設備の制御単位となるエリアが、上記説明において使用電力量の削減要求を受けたビル３に相当し、需要家に相当する。 However, in order for the facility management device 10 of the aggregator 2 to determine the amount of power reduction to the area of each building 3, the aggregator 2 must have information about the area of each building 3. In addition, the processing load increases. Therefore, in order to avoid the concentration of information on the aggregator 2 and an increase in processing load, each building 3 may be provided with the processing function of the facility management apparatus 10 described above. That is, the facility management device 10 having the same function as the facility management device 10 described above is also installed in each building 3. Alternatively, an existing building management device in each building 3 or a control device (controller) that controls the operation of the facility is provided with the processing function of the facility management device 10, and these devices are used as the facility management device 10. In this case, the area that is the control unit of the air conditioning equipment in the building 3 corresponds to the building 3 that has received a reduction request for the amount of power used in the above description, and corresponds to a consumer.
　なお、上記説明では、アグリゲータ２は削減指示として制御パターンのみを送っていたが、この場合、アグリゲータ２は、更に電力削減量（制御パターンに対応した制御モデル情報に含まれる予想削減量）を送る必要がある。そして、アグリゲータ２からの削減指示を前述した電力会社１からの削減要請とみなし、またアグリゲータ２からの電力削減量を前述した電力会社１からの削減要求電力量とみなせば、各ビル３に設置の設備管理装置１０は、初期設定時に図１４に示した制御モデル情報を生成することで、各エリアに対して使用電力量の削減指示を、空調設備の動作制御を行うコントローラに出すことができる。そして、コントローラは、その削減指示に応じて、指定された制御パターンに基づき対応する空調設備の運転を制御することになる。 In the above description, the aggregator 2 sends only the control pattern as a reduction instruction. In this case, the aggregator 2 further sends the power reduction amount (the expected reduction amount included in the control model information corresponding to the control pattern). There is a need. If the reduction instruction from the aggregator 2 is regarded as a reduction request from the power company 1 described above, and if the power reduction amount from the aggregator 2 is regarded as the reduction required power amount from the power company 1 described above, it is installed in each building 3. By generating the control model information shown in FIG. 14 at the time of initial setting, the facility management apparatus 10 can issue an instruction to reduce the amount of power used for each area to the controller that controls the operation of the air conditioning facility. . Then, the controller controls the operation of the corresponding air conditioning equipment based on the designated control pattern in accordance with the reduction instruction.
　このように、設備管理装置１０を階層的に設けることで、ビル３そしてビル３の各エリアにおける快適性を考慮しつつ電力会社１から要請された削減要求電力量分の削減を達成することができる。 In this way, by providing the facility management devices 10 in a hierarchical manner, it is possible to achieve a reduction corresponding to the reduction required power amount requested from the electric power company 1 in consideration of the comfort in each area of the building 3 and the building 3. it can.
　なお、本実施の形態では、エネルギーとして電気に適用した場合を例にして説明したが、ガス等他のエネルギーにも適用可能である。 In this embodiment, the case where the energy is applied to electricity has been described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to other energy such as gas.
　１　電力会社、２　アグリゲータ、３　ビル、４　ネットワーク、１０　設備管理装置、１１　快適性データ収集部、１２　制御モデル情報生成部、１３　制御パターン選択部、１４　削減指示部、１５　快適性データ記憶部、１６　制御パターンリスト記憶部、１７　制御モデル情報記憶部、１８　ビル情報記憶部、２１　ＣＰＵ、２２　ＲＯＭ、２３　ＲＡＭ、２４　ハードディスクドライブ（ＨＤＤ）、２５　マウス、２６　キーボード、２７　ディスプレイ、２８　入出力コン卜ローラ、２９　ネットワークコン卜ローラ、３０　内部バス。 1 power company, 2 aggregator, 3 building, 4 network, 10 equipment management device, 11 comfort data collection unit, 12 control model information generation unit, 13 control pattern selection unit, 14 reduction instruction unit, 15 comfort data storage unit, 16 control pattern list storage unit, 17 control model information storage unit, 18 building information storage unit, 21 CPU, 22 ROM, 23 RAM, 24 hard disk drive (HDD), 25 mouse, 26 keyboard, 27 display, 28 I / O controller Roller, 29 network controller, 30 internal bus.

Claims (11)

  1. 　需要家毎に設定された制御モデル情報であって、需要家に与える快適性のレベルを示す快適レベル毎に、エネルギーを使用する設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させたときのエネルギーの予想削減量と、を対応付けすることによって生成された制御モデル情報を記憶する制御モデル情報記憶手段と、
    　エネルギー使用量の削減要求に応じて、要求された削減量を各需要家に分配することで、各需要家のエネルギー削減量を決定する決定手段と、
    　各需要家に対してエネルギー使用量の削減を指示する指示手段と、
    　を有し、
    　前記決定手段は、前記制御モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された各需要家の制御モデル情報に基づいて、各需要家に適用する制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量の合計が前記要求された削減量以上となり、かつ各需要家における快適性が所定の選択条件を満たすよう、各需要家に適用する制御パターンを当該需要家の制御モデル情報の中から選択し、その選択した制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を当該需要家のエネルギー削減量として決定し、
    　前記指示手段は、前記決定手段により選択された各需要家の制御パターンを、当該需要家の削減指示として送る
    　ことを特徴とする設備管理装置。     Control model information set for each consumer, for each comfort level indicating the level of comfort given to the consumer, according to the control pattern indicating the content of the operation control of the facility using energy, and the control pattern Control model information storage means for storing control model information generated by associating an expected reduction amount of energy when operating the facility of the consumer;
    A determination means for deciding the energy reduction amount of each consumer by distributing the requested reduction amount to each customer in response to a request for reduction of energy usage;
    Instruction means for instructing each customer to reduce energy consumption;
    Have
    The determining means is based on the control model information of each consumer stored in the control model information storage means, and the total reduction of the expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the control pattern applied to each consumer is the requested reduction. The control pattern to be applied to each consumer is selected from the control model information of the consumer so that the comfort level at each consumer satisfies the predetermined selection condition, and corresponds to the selected control pattern. Determine the expected energy savings as the energy savings for the customer,
    The said instruction | indication means sends the control pattern of each consumer selected by the said determination means as a reduction instruction | indication of the said consumer, The equipment management apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.
  2. 　エネルギーを使用する設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンによって設備の運転が制限されるレベルを示す制限レベルとが対応付けられた制御パターンマスタ情報を記憶する制御パターンマスタ情報記憶手段と、
    　需要家毎に、前記制御パターンマスタ情報記憶手段に記憶された制御パターンマスタ情報の中から当該需要家への適用対象とする複数の制御パターンを抽出し、その抽出した複数の制御パターンそれぞれに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を算出し、その算出したエネルギーの予想削減量を当該制御パターンに対応付けることによって当該需要家の前記制御モデル情報を生成する生成手段と、
    　を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の設備管理装置。     Control pattern master information storage for storing control pattern master information in which a control pattern indicating the content of operation control of equipment using energy is associated with a restriction level indicating a level at which the operation of the equipment is restricted by the control pattern Means,
    For each consumer, a plurality of control patterns to be applied to the consumer are extracted from the control pattern master information stored in the control pattern master information storage means, and each of the extracted control patterns corresponds to each consumer Generating means for generating the control model information of the consumer by calculating an expected reduction amount of energy to be calculated and associating the calculated expected reduction amount of energy with the control pattern;
    The facility management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
  3. 　前記制御パターンマスタ情報は、需要家の特性に対応させて複数設定されており、
    　前記生成手段は、需要家の特性に対応した制御パターンマスタ情報を用いて当該需要家の制御モデル情報を生成することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の設備管理装置。     A plurality of the control pattern master information is set corresponding to the characteristics of the consumer,
    The facility management apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the generation unit generates control model information of the consumer using control pattern master information corresponding to the characteristics of the consumer.
  4. 　前記生成手段は、需要家が削減指示として送られてきた制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させたときに得られたエネルギー削減量で、前記決定手段により選択された当該需要家の制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を更新する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の設備管理装置。     The generating means controls the consumer selected by the determining means with an energy reduction amount obtained when the customer operates the equipment according to a control pattern sent as a reduction instruction. The equipment management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the pattern is updated.
  5. 　需要家が削減指示として送られてきた制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させた後に得られた当該需要家における快適性の実感を示す快適性データを収集する収集手段を有し、
    　前記生成手段は、前記収集手段により収集された各需要家の快適性データに基づき得られる快適レベルに基づき当該需要家の制御モデル情報を調整する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の設備管理装置。     A collection means for collecting comfort data indicating a sense of comfort in the consumer obtained after operating the equipment of the consumer according to a control pattern sent by the consumer as a reduction instruction;
    The facility management according to claim 1, wherein the generation unit adjusts the control model information of the consumer based on a comfort level obtained based on the comfort data of each consumer collected by the collecting unit. apparatus.
  6. 　前記生成手段は、前記決定手段により選択された各需要家の制御パターンに対応する快適レベルが、前記収集手段により収集された快適性データに基づき得られる当該需要家の快適性の実感と一致していない場合、一致するよう当該需要家の制御モデル情報を更新する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項５に記載の設備管理装置。     The generating means matches the actual feeling of comfort of the consumer obtained by the comfort level corresponding to the control pattern of each consumer selected by the determining means based on the comfort data collected by the collecting means. If not, the equipment management apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control model information of the customer is updated so as to match.
  7. 　需要家との契約情報を記憶する契約情報記憶手段を有し、
    　前記決定手段は、更に契約情報を参照し、需要家との契約内容を優先して当該需要家のエネルギー削減量を決定する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の設備管理装置。     Having contract information storage means for storing contract information with customers;
    The facility management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit further refers to the contract information and determines the energy reduction amount of the consumer with priority given to the content of the contract with the consumer.
  8. 　アグリゲータによって使用されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の設備管理装置。 The equipment management device according to claim 1, wherein the equipment management device is used by an aggregator.
  9. 　前記制御モデル情報記憶手段には、需要家が有する空間毎に設定された制御モデル情報であって、空間に与える快適性のレベルを示す快適レベル毎に、前記設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンに従って当該空間の前記設備を運転させたときのエネルギーの予想削減量と、を対応付けすることによって空間毎に生成された制御モデル情報が記憶されており、
    　アグリゲータが需要家に対して指示したエネルギー使用量の削減量を、当該需要家が有する各空間に分配する際に利用される
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の設備管理装置。     In the control model information storage means, control model information set for each space of the consumer, and indicating the content of the operation control of the equipment for each comfort level indicating the level of comfort given to the space Control model information generated for each space is stored by associating a pattern with an expected reduction amount of energy when the facility in the space is operated according to the control pattern,
    The facility management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the facility management apparatus is used when distributing a reduction amount of energy usage instructed to a consumer by an aggregator to each space of the consumer.
  10. 　請求項８に記載の設備管理装置と、
    　請求項９に記載の設備管理装置と、
    　を有し、
    　前記請求項８に記載の設備管理装置は、エネルギー供給元からのエネルギー使用量の削減要求に応じて、要求された削減量を各需要家に分配し、
    　前記請求項９に記載の設備管理装置は、前記アグリゲータから分配された削減量を、当該需要家が有する各空間に分配することを特徴とする設備管理システム。     The facility management apparatus according to claim 8;
    The facility management apparatus according to claim 9;
    Have
    The facility management device according to claim 8 distributes the requested reduction amount to each consumer in response to a reduction request for energy usage from an energy supplier.
    The equipment management system according to claim 9, wherein the equipment management system distributes the reduction amount distributed from the aggregator to each space of the consumer.
  11. 　需要家毎に設定された制御モデル情報であって、需要家に与える快適性のレベルを示す快適レベル毎に、エネルギーを使用する設備の運転制御の内容を示す制御パターンと、当該制御パターンに従って当該需要家の前記設備を運転させたときのエネルギーの予想削減量と、を対応付けすることによって生成された制御モデル情報を記憶する制御モデル情報記憶手段をアクセス可能なコンピュータを、
    　エネルギー使用量の削減要求に応じて、要求された削減量を各需要家に分配することで各需要家のエネルギー削減量を決定する決定手段、
    　各需要家に対してエネルギー使用量の削減を指示する指示手段、
    　として機能させ、
    　前記決定手段は、前記制御モデル情報記憶手段に記憶された各需要家の制御モデル情報に基づいて、各需要家に適用する制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量の合計が前記要求された削減量以上となり、かつ各需要家における快適性が所定の選択条件を満たすよう、各需要家に適用する制御パターンを当該需要家の制御モデル情報の中から選択し、その選択した制御パターンに対応するエネルギーの予想削減量を当該需要家のエネルギー削減量として決定し、
    　前記指示手段は、前記決定手段により選択された各需要家の制御パターンを、当該需要家の削減指示として送る
    　ことを特徴とするプログラム。     Control model information set for each consumer, for each comfort level indicating the level of comfort given to the consumer, according to the control pattern indicating the content of the operation control of the facility using energy, and the control pattern A computer accessible to the control model information storage means for storing the control model information generated by associating the expected reduction amount of energy when operating the facility of the consumer;
    A determination means for deciding the energy reduction amount of each consumer by distributing the requested reduction amount to each customer in response to a request for reduction of energy consumption;
    Instruction means for instructing each customer to reduce energy consumption,
    Function as
    The determining means is based on the control model information of each consumer stored in the control model information storage means, and the total reduction of the expected reduction amount of energy corresponding to the control pattern applied to each consumer is the requested reduction. The control pattern to be applied to each consumer is selected from the control model information of the consumer so that the comfort level at each consumer satisfies the predetermined selection condition, and corresponds to the selected control pattern. Determine the expected energy savings as the energy savings for the customer,
    The said instruction | indication means sends the control pattern of each consumer selected by the said determination means as a reduction instruction | indication of the said consumer.
PCT/JP2016/068173 2016-02-10 2016-06-17 Equipment management device, equipment management system, and program WO2017138160A1 (en)

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