WO2017135409A1 - 遮音シート部材、及びこれを用いた遮音構造体 - Google Patents
遮音シート部材、及びこれを用いた遮音構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017135409A1 WO2017135409A1 PCT/JP2017/003985 JP2017003985W WO2017135409A1 WO 2017135409 A1 WO2017135409 A1 WO 2017135409A1 JP 2017003985 W JP2017003985 W JP 2017003985W WO 2017135409 A1 WO2017135409 A1 WO 2017135409A1
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- sheet
- sound insulation
- sheet member
- sound
- member according
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- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8414—Sound-absorbing elements with non-planar face, e.g. curved, egg-crate shaped
- E04B2001/8419—Acoustical cones or the like, e.g. for anechoic chambers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
- E04B2001/8428—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling containing specially shaped acoustical bodies, e.g. funnels, egg-crates, fanfolds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
- G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sound insulation sheet member and a sound insulation structure using the same.
- the characteristics of vibration-damping and sound-insulating materials follow the so-called mass law. That is, the transmission loss, which is an index of the amount of noise reduction, is determined by the logarithm of the product of the mass of the vibration damping and sound insulating material and the frequency of the elastic wave or sound wave. Therefore, in order to further increase the amount of noise reduction at a certain frequency, the mass of the vibration damping and sound insulating material must be increased. However, in the method of increasing the mass of the vibration-damping and sound-insulating material, there is a limit to the amount of noise reduction due to the mass constraints of buildings and vehicles.
- the member structure has been improved conventionally.
- a method of using a combination of a plurality of rigid flat plates such as gypsum board, concrete, steel plate, glass plate, resin plate, a method of making a hollow double wall structure or a hollow triple wall structure using a gypsum board, etc. It has been known.
- a sound insulation board using a plate-type acoustic metamaterial that uses a combination of a highly rigid flat plate material and a resonator has been proposed.
- a plurality of independent stump-like protrusions (resonators) made of silicone rubber and tungsten or a plurality of independent stump-like protrusions (resonators) made of rubber are provided on an aluminum substrate.
- Sound insulation plate (non-patent document 1 and 2), silicone rubber, or a plurality of independent stump-shaped protrusions (resonators) made of silicone rubber and lead caps on an epoxy substrate Document 3) has been proposed.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 examination of shielding performance when the material and size of a stump-like protrusion (resonator) is changed is performed.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 have individual resonators installed on the substrate using an adhesive, the manufacturing process is complicated and the productivity and economic efficiency are poor. It was. Moreover, the sound insulating plates described in Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 are difficult to deform because they use a relatively rigid aluminum substrate or epoxy substrate, and are installed along a non-flat surface such as a curved surface. I can't.
- the present invention has been made in view of such background art. Its purpose is a sound insulation sheet member that has high sound insulation performance that surpasses the law of mass while being relatively lightweight, has high design flexibility, is highly versatile, is easy to manufacture, and can improve productivity and economy. And providing a sound insulation structure using the same.
- the present invention is not limited to the purpose described here, and is an operational effect derived from each configuration shown in the embodiment for carrying out the invention described later, and can also exhibit an operational effect that cannot be obtained by the conventional technology. It can be positioned as another purpose.
- the resonance part includes a base part and a weight part,
- the base includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat or photocurable elastomer, a thermoplastic elastomer, a heat or photocurable resin, and a thermoplastic resin.
- the sheet and the resonance part are integrally formed, and contain at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat or photocurable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer. [1] to [1] 4].
- the sound insulating sheet member further includes at least one or more rib-like protrusions, Any of [1] to [8], wherein the rib-like protrusion is provided in contact with the sheet surface of the sheet and has a height in the sheet normal direction higher than that of the resonance part.
- the sound-insulating sheet member according to 1. [10] The sound insulating sheet member according to [9], wherein the rib-like protrusions are provided so as to extend in a sheet length direction of the sheet. [11] The sound insulating sheet member according to [9] or [10], wherein a plurality of the rib-like protrusions are spaced apart along the sheet length direction of the sheet.
- the sheet, the resonance part, and the rib-like protrusion are integrally formed, and contain both at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat or photocurable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer.
- the sound insulating sheet member according to any one of [11] to [11].
- a sound insulation structure comprising the sound insulation sheet member according to any one of [1] to [12] and a flame-retardant and / or non-combustible member.
- a sound insulation structure which is a laminate including the sound insulation sheet member according to any one of [1] to [12].
- a method for producing a sound insulating sheet member comprising the following steps. (1) A step of preparing a mold having a plurality of cavities and placing weights in the plurality of cavities provided in the mold. (2) A step of pouring a resin material and / or a polymer material into the cavity. (3) A step of curing the poured resin material and / or polymer material. (4) A step of peeling the obtained cured product from the mold. [18] The method for producing a sound insulating sheet member according to [17], wherein a shape of a bottom of the cavity is hemispherical.
- the present invention while having a relatively light weight, it has a high sound insulation performance that surpasses the mass rule, has a high degree of design freedom, is excellent in versatility, can be easily manufactured, and can improve productivity and economy.
- a sound insulation sheet member and a sound insulation structure using the same can be provided.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing process of a sound insulation sheet member. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing process of a sound insulation sheet member. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing process of a sound insulation sheet member. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing process of a sound insulation sheet member. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing process of a sound insulation sheet member. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the sound insulation sheet member and sound insulation structure of 2nd Embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow VIII-VIII in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX-XX in FIG. 19. It is a figure which shows an example of a sound insulation structure.
- the sound insulating sheet member of the present invention includes at least a sheet having rubber elasticity and a plurality of resonance parts, and the resonance part is provided in contact with the sheet surface of the sheet, and the resonance part includes a base part and a weight part.
- the weight portion is supported by the base portion and has a larger mass than the base portion.
- (First embodiment) 1 and 2 are a schematic perspective view showing a sound insulating sheet member 100 and a sound insulating structure 200 of the present embodiment, and a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II.
- the sound insulation sheet member 100 includes a sheet 11 having rubber elasticity, a plurality of resonance portions 21 provided in contact with the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11, and at least one or more ribs provided on the sheet surface 11a. And a protrusion 31.
- the sound insulation sheet member 100 is supported by a support body 51 provided on the sheet surface 11 b side of the sheet 11, thereby forming a sound insulation structure 200.
- the resonance of the sheet 11 and / or the resonance unit 21 occurs.
- a complete acoustic band gap is generated in which vibration at a specific frequency is almost completely absent.
- a sound insulation member using such a principle is called an acoustic metamaterial.
- each component of the sound insulation sheet member 100 and the sound insulation structure 200 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.
- the sheet 11 is a sheet having rubber elasticity. Although not particularly limited, it may have rubber elasticity due to molecular motion of the resin (organic polymer).
- the sheet 11 can also function as a vibrator (resonator) that vibrates at a certain frequency when a sound wave is incident from a noise source.
- the material constituting the sheet 11 preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of heat or photocurable elastomers and thermoplastic elastomers. It is more preferable to use a thermosetting elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer because the light to be irradiated may hardly reach the center as the thickness increases.
- thermosetting elastomers such as vulcanized rubbers such as chemically-crosslinked natural rubber or synthetic rubber, urethane rubbers, silicone rubbers, fluorine rubbers, acrylic rubbers, etc .; olefinic thermoplastics Thermoplastic elastomers such as elastomers, styrenic thermoplastic elastomers, vinyl chloride thermoplastic elastomers, urethane thermoplastic elastomers, ester thermoplastic elastomers, amide thermoplastic elastomers, silicone rubber thermoplastic elastomers, acrylic thermoplastic elastomers, Examples of the photocurable elastomer include acrylic photocurable elastomer, silicone photocurable elastomer, and epoxy photocurable elastomer.
- natural rubber isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluorine rubber, epichlorohydride Rubbers, polyester rubbers, urethane rubbers, silicone rubbers, and modified products thereof, but are not particularly limited thereto. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- natural rubber isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluorine rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, Polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber and modified products thereof are preferable, and silicone rubber, acrylic rubber and modified products thereof are more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and cold resistance.
- the sheet 11 is a sheet exhibiting so-called rubber elasticity, it may contain various additives such as a flame retardant, an antioxidant, and a plasticizer.
- a flame retardant is an additive blended to make a flammable material difficult to burn or ignite. Specific examples include pentabromodiphenyl ether, octabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ether, bromine compounds such as tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecane, hexabromobenzene, phosphorus compounds such as triphenyl phosphate, and chlorine such as chlorinated paraffin.
- antioxidant is an additive mix
- a plasticizer is an additive blended to improve flexibility and weather resistance.
- phthalic acid ester examples thereof include phthalic acid ester, adipic acid ester, trimellitic acid ester, polyester, phosphoric acid ester, citric acid ester, sebacic acid ester, azelaic acid ester, maleic acid ester, silicone oil, mineral oil, vegetable oil, and these. However, it is not particularly limited to these. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the sheet 11 is formed in a square shape in plan view, but the shape is not particularly limited thereto.
- Adopt any plan view shape such as triangular shape, rectangular shape, rectangular shape, trapezoidal shape, rhombus shape, polygonal shape such as pentagonal shape and hexagonal shape, circular shape, elliptical shape, indefinite shape not classified into these. Can do.
- seat 11 may have a cut
- the thickness of the sheet 11 is not particularly limited. Since the frequency band (acoustic band gap width and frequency position) expressing high sound insulation performance can be controlled also by the thickness of the sheet 11, the thickness of the sheet 11 is set so that the acoustic band gap matches the desired sound insulation frequency region. It can be set appropriately. When the thickness of the sheet 11 is thick, the acoustic band gap width is narrowed and tends to shift to the low frequency side. Moreover, when the thickness of the sheet 11 is thin, the acoustic band gap width becomes wide and tends to shift to the high frequency side.
- the thickness of the sheet 11 is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 200 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the sheet 11 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less, and further preferably 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the sheet 11 preferably has a Young's modulus of 0.01 MPa or more, more preferably 0.1 MPa or more, from the viewpoints of sound insulation performance, mechanical strength, flexibility, handling properties, productivity, and the like.
- the Young's modulus is preferably 100 MPa or less, more preferably 10 MPa or less.
- the Young's modulus in this specification means the ratio of the force (stress) and deformation rate (strain) acting per unit cross-sectional area of the sample when an external force is applied in a uniaxial direction, and is defined by JIS K 6394: 2007. It means the value at 25 ° C. and 10 Hz of the stored elastic modulus measured by the forced vibration non-resonance method of “vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber—how to obtain dynamic properties”.
- the sheet 11 preferably has a glass transition temperature of 0 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of reducing the temperature dependence of the sound insulation at low temperatures.
- the glass transition temperature of the sheet 11 is lower, the cold resistance is improved, the temperature dependency of the elastic modulus in the vicinity of 0 ° C. is reduced, and the sound insulation performance tends to be less dependent on the environmental temperature. More preferably, it is ⁇ 10 ° C. or less, more preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or less, and particularly preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or less.
- the glass transition temperature of the sheet 11 means the peak temperature of the loss tangent in the dynamic viscoelasticity measurement at the frequency of 10 Hz, particularly the temperature dependence measurement.
- the resonance unit 21 functions as a vibrator (resonator) that vibrates at a certain frequency when a sound wave is incident from a noise source.
- the resonance part 21 of the present embodiment is composed of a composite structure including a base part 22 and a weight part 23 supported by the base part 22 and having a mass larger than that of the base part 22. By setting it as such a composite structure, the resonance part 21 effectively functions as a resonator having a resonance frequency determined by the mass of the weight part 23 functioning as a weight and the spring constant of the base part 22 functioning as a spring.
- the arrangement, the number of installations, the size, and the like of the resonance unit 21 can be appropriately set according to desired performance, and are not particularly limited.
- the resonance unit 21 is provided in contact with at least one sheet surface of the sheet.
- the plurality of resonating parts 21 are arranged at regular intervals in a lattice shape, but the arrangement of the resonating parts 21 is not particularly limited thereto.
- the plurality of resonating portions 21 may be arranged in a zigzag manner or randomly, for example. Since the sound insulation mechanism using this sheet does not use Bragg scattering as in the so-called phononic crystal, the intervals of the resonance portions 21 do not necessarily have to be regularly and periodically arranged.
- the number of the resonance parts 21 per unit area is not particularly limited as long as the resonance parts 21 can be arranged so as not to interfere with each other due to contact between the resonance parts 21.
- the maximum number of the resonance parts 21 per unit area varies depending on the shape of the resonance part 21 and the like.
- the resonance part 21 is cylindrical, and the height direction of the cylinder is installed parallel to the sheet normal direction, and When the cylinder cross-sectional diameter is 1 cm, 100 or less per 10 cm 2 is preferable.
- the minimum number of the resonance parts 21 per unit area is, for example, when the resonance part 21 is cylindrical, the height direction of the cylinder is installed parallel to the sheet normal direction, and the cross-sectional diameter is 1 cm.
- the number is preferably 2 or more per 10 cm 2 , more preferably 10 or more, and still more preferably 50 or more.
- the number of the resonating units 21 is equal to or more than the preferable lower limit, higher sound insulation performance tends to be obtained. Moreover, it becomes easy to aim at the weight reduction of the whole sheet
- the maximum height H1 of the resonance portion 21 in the normal direction of the sheet 11 can be appropriately set according to desired performance, and is not particularly limited. From the viewpoints of ease of molding and improvement of productivity, the maximum height H1 is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 100 mm or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more and 50 mm or less, and further preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
- the sheet 11 provided with the resonating portion 21 that is, the sound insulating sheet member 100
- the sheet 11 provided with the resonating portion 21 that is, the sound insulating sheet member 100
- a plurality of base portions 22 having a substantially cylindrical outer shape are provided in contact with each other on the sheet surface 11 a of the sheet 11, and a weight portion having a substantially cylindrical outer shape is provided inside the base portion 22. 23 are buried.
- the outer shape of the base 22 is not particularly limited, and is a triangular prism shape, a rectangular column shape, a trapezoidal column shape, a polygonal column shape such as a pentagonal column or a hexagonal column, a cylindrical shape, an elliptical column shape, a truncated pyramid shape, a truncated cone shape, a truncated pyramid shape, a conical shape.
- any shape such as a hollow cylindrical shape, a branched shape, or an indefinite shape not classified into these can be adopted. Moreover, it can also form in the column shape which has a different cross-sectional area and / or cross-sectional shape with the height position of the base part 22.
- FIG. 1 A shape such as a hollow cylindrical shape, a branched shape, or an indefinite shape not classified into these can be adopted. Moreover, it can also form in the column shape which has a different cross-sectional area and / or cross-sectional shape with the height position of the base part 22.
- the material of the base 22 is not particularly limited as long as the required characteristics are satisfied.
- a polymeric material is mentioned, At least 1 sort (s) selected from the group which consists of a heat
- the heat or photocurable elastomer and the thermoplastic elastomer include those exemplified for the sheet.
- the thermosetting or photocurable resin include acrylic thermosetting resins, urethane thermosetting resins, silicone thermosetting resins, and epoxy thermosetting resins.
- thermoplastic resin examples include polyolefin-based thermoplastic resins, polyester-based thermoplastic resins, acrylic-based thermoplastic resins, urethane-based thermoplastic resins, and polycarbonate-based thermoplastic resins.
- specific examples include vulcanized rubber such as chemically-crosslinked natural rubber or synthetic rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber.
- Rubbers such as acrylic rubber, fluorine rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber and modified products thereof; polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, Polyethylene, polypropylene, polynorbornene, polyether ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, epoxy resin, oxazine resin Like polymers etc., but not particularly limited thereto. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, the base 22 may be a porous body including pores (gas such as air) in these polymer materials.
- the base 22 may include a liquid material such as mineral oil, vegetable oil, or silicone oil.
- a liquid material such as mineral oil, vegetable oil, or silicone oil.
- the material of the base 22 is preferably the same material as that of the sheet 11 described above, and elastomers are particularly preferable. If the sheet 11 and the base 22 contain the same elastomers, it is easy to integrally form the sheet 11 and the base 22 and the productivity is dramatically improved. That is, it is particularly preferable that the sheet 11 and the resonating part 21 (base part 22) are an integrally molded product containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat or photocurable elastomer and a thermoplastic elastomer. It is one of.
- elastomers include vulcanized rubber such as chemically crosslinked natural rubber or synthetic rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfone.
- vulcanized rubber such as chemically crosslinked natural rubber or synthetic rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfone.
- Polyethylene rubber acrylic rubber, fluororubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber and modified products thereof, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyethylene , Polypropylene, polynorbornene, polyether ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, epoxy resin, oxadi Although resins, not particularly limited thereto.
- natural rubber isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, polyisobutylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluorine rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, Polyester rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber and modified products thereof are preferable, and silicone rubber, acrylic rubber and modified products thereof are more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and cold resistance.
- the base 22 can be a two-color molded body or a multicolor molded body made of two or more polymer materials. In this case, by using the same elastomer as the sheet 11 described above for the base portion 22 on the side in contact with the sheet 11, the sheet 11 and the base portion 22 can be easily formed integrally.
- the circle having the maximum diameter among the circles (circular cross section) included in the cross section is preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, and even more preferably 20 mm. It is as follows.
- the diameter of the circle having the smallest diameter is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably 1 mm or more.
- a predetermined number or more of the resonating portions 21 (base portions 22) to be installed on the seat surface 11a of the seat 11 can be secured, and further good sound insulation performance can be obtained, There is a tendency that moldability and productivity are further improved.
- the weight part 23 is not particularly limited as long as it has a larger mass than the base part 22 described above. In the present embodiment, it is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape whose maximum diameter is smaller than that of the base portion 22, and is embedded in the base portion 22 on the distal end side of the resonance portion 21.
- the weight part 23 which acts as the weight of the resonator is supported by the base part 22 that determines the spring constant, for example, the spring constant by changing the shape or material (elastic modulus, mass) of the base part 22 is adopted.
- the resonance frequency of the resonance part 21 can be easily controlled by adjusting the weight of the weight part 23 or changing the mass of the weight part 23.
- the acoustic band gap tends to shift to the low frequency side.
- the mass of the weight part 23 increases, the acoustic band gap tends to shift to the low frequency side.
- the material constituting the weight portion 23 may be appropriately selected in consideration of mass, cost, etc., and the type is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of downsizing the sound insulation sheet member 100 and the sound insulation structure 200 and improving the sound insulation performance, the material constituting the weight portion 23 is preferably a material with high specific gravity. Specifically, metals or alloys such as aluminum, stainless steel, iron, tungsten, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, and brass; inorganic glasses such as soda glass, quartz glass, and lead glass; powders of these metals or alloys Or a composite containing the inorganic glass or the like in the polymer material of the base portion 22 described above, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- metals or alloys such as aluminum, stainless steel, iron, tungsten, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, and brass
- inorganic glasses such as soda glass, quartz glass, and lead glass
- the material, mass, and specific gravity of the weight portion 23 may be determined so that the sound insulation sheet member 100 and the sound insulation structure 200 acoustic band gaps coincide with a desired sound insulation frequency region.
- at least one selected from the group consisting of metals, alloys, and inorganic glasses is preferable.
- the specific gravity means the ratio between the mass of the material and the mass of pure water at 4 ° C. under the same volume of 1013.25 hPa.
- JIS K 0061 “Density of chemical products” And the value measured by the “specific gravity measuring method”.
- the weight portion 23 is embedded in the base portion 22 on the distal end side of the resonance portion 21, but the installation position is not particularly limited thereto.
- the center of gravity (mass center) of the resonance portion 21 is at least the resonance portion from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness, weight, or improving the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation sheet member. It is preferable that the base portion 22 and the weight portion 23 are arranged so as to be positioned on the tip side from the center in the height direction of 21. Typically, the weight part 23 may be offset from the center of the resonance part 21 in the height direction.
- the weight portion 23 may be completely embedded in the base portion 22, or may be partially embedded, or may be provided on the base portion 22 without being embedded in the base portion 22. Good.
- the base portion 22 has a branched structure, from the viewpoint of reducing the weight of the sound insulating sheet member or improving the sound insulating performance, when providing the weight portion on the branch portion provided from the branch point, than the center of the branch portion. It is preferable to arrange the weight portion 23 so as to be positioned on the distal end side.
- the resonance part 21 is provided with two or more on the sheet
- the sound insulating sheet member of the present invention may have a rib-like protrusion 31.
- the rib-like protrusions 31 are each formed in a substantially plate shape so as to extend in the length direction of the sheet 11 (sheet flow direction, MD direction).
- the rib-shaped protrusions 31 are provided on the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11, more specifically, at two positions on the edge of the sheet 11 in the width direction (perpendicular to the sheet flow direction, TD direction). .
- the rib-shaped protrusion 31 has a maximum height H2 that is higher than the maximum height H1 of the resonance part 21 described above with respect to the normal direction of the sheet 11. As a result, even if the sound insulating sheet member 100 is wound into a sheet shape or a plurality of sheets are stacked, the rib-shaped protrusion 31 functions as a spacer, so that the contact of the resonance portion 21 with the back surface of the sheet 11 is suppressed. . Therefore, by providing the rib-like protrusion 31, the sound insulation sheet member 100 can be formed by a so-called roll-to-roll without causing manufacturing troubles such as deformation, mutation, cracking, dropping, and breakage of the resonance part 21. Easy to manufacture and store.
- the maximum height H2 of the rib-like protrusion 31 is not particularly limited as long as it is higher than the maximum height H1 of the resonating part 21, but from the viewpoint of easiness of molding and improvement of productivity, it is 50 ⁇ m or more and 100 mm.
- the following are preferable, More preferably, they are 100 micrometers or more and 50 mm or less, More preferably, they are 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
- the shape and installation position of the rib-shaped protrusion 31 are not particularly limited as long as the rib-shaped protrusion 31 is installed so as not to interfere with the resonance unit 21 that functions as a resonator.
- the outer shape of the rib-shaped protrusion 31 is not particularly limited, and is a triangular column shape, a rectangular column shape, a trapezoidal column shape, a polygonal column shape such as a pentagonal column or a hexagonal column, a cylindrical shape, an elliptical column shape, a truncated pyramid shape, a truncated cone shape, Arbitrary shapes, such as a pyramid shape, a cone shape, a hollow cylinder shape, and an indefinite shape not classified into these, can be adopted.
- the column shape which has a cross-sectional area and / or cross-sectional shape which change with the height position of the rib-shaped projection part 31.
- the maximum length of the rib-shaped projection part 31 in the length direction of the sheet 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or less than the maximum length in the MD direction of the sheet.
- a pair of rib-like protrusions 31 extending in the length direction of the sheet 11 are employed, but a plurality of rib-like protrusions 31 having a maximum length shorter than this are used.
- 11 may be spaced apart along the length direction.
- the arrangement interval of each rib-like protrusion 31 may be periodic or random.
- the distance between the rib-like projections 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 cm or less, more preferably 50 cm or less, and even more preferably 10 cm or less. .
- the material constituting the rib-shaped protrusion 31 is not particularly limited, but the same polymer material as the sheet 11 and / or the base 22 is preferable, and the same elastomer as the sheet 11 and the base 22 is more preferable. If the same polymer material as that of the sheet 11 and / or the base portion 22 is employed, integral molding with the sheet 11 and / or the base portion 22 becomes easy, and productivity is dramatically increased.
- the sound insulation sheet member of the present invention can be appropriately installed according to the environment in which the sound insulation performance is manifested.
- the sound insulation sheet member may be installed directly on the apparatus, the structure, or the like.
- An adhesive layer or the like may be provided between the sound insulating sheet member and the device or structure.
- the sound insulating sheet member may be used in a form supported by a support.
- the support may support the sound insulation sheet member, and may not be supported by the support during production, storage, or the like.
- the support body only needs to be provided in contact with at least one surface of the sheet of the sound insulating sheet member, on the sheet surface provided in contact with the resonance portion and / or on the sheet surface provided in contact with the resonance portion. It may be provided on the other surface.
- a support body 51 is provided on the back surface 11 b side of the sheet 11.
- the material which comprises this support body 51 will not be specifically limited if the sheet
- the support 51 preferably has a Young's modulus of 1 GPa or more, and more preferably 1.5 GPa or more. Although there is no upper limit in particular, 1000 GPa or less is mentioned, for example. Further, when the sound insulation sheet member is directly installed on the apparatus, the structure, etc., the surface on which the sound insulation sheet member is installed has the same rigidity as the above support from the viewpoint of supporting the sheet, enhancing the sound insulation performance, and the like. It is preferable.
- the material constituting the support 51 include polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, cyclic polyolefin, Organic materials such as polynorbornene, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetylcellulose, polystyrene, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, oxazine resin, in these organic materials Examples include aluminum, stainless steel, iron, copper, zinc, brass and other metals, inorganic glass, composite materials containing inorganic particles and fibers, etc.
- the support is selected from the group consisting of a photocurable resin sheet, a thermosetting resin sheet, a thermoplastic resin sheet, a metal plate, and an alloy plate. At least one of these is preferred.
- the thickness of the support 51 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less from the viewpoint of sound insulation performance, rigidity, moldability, weight reduction, cost, and the like.
- the shape of the support body 51 can be appropriately set according to the installation surface of the sound insulation structure 200 and is not particularly limited.
- it may be a flat sheet shape, a curved sheet shape, or a special shape processed so as to have a curved surface portion or a bent portion.
- a notch, a punched portion, or the like may be provided at any place of the support body 51.
- (Second Embodiment) 7 and 8 are a schematic perspective view showing the sound insulating sheet member 101 and the sound insulating structure 201 of the present embodiment, and a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow thereof.
- the sound insulation sheet member 100 and the sound insulation structure of the first embodiment described above are different except that the number of installed resonance parts, the shape of the base and the weight part, and the shape and the number of installation of the rib-like protrusions are different. Since it has a configuration equivalent to that of the body 200, a duplicate description is omitted here.
- the resonance part 21 of the present embodiment is composed of a composite structure including a base 24 and a weight part 25 supported by the base 24 and having a larger mass than the base 24. Also in this embodiment, a plurality of base portions 24 having a substantially cylindrical outer shape are provided in contact with the sheet surface 11 a of the sheet 11.
- the weight portion 25 has a substantially conical convex portion 25 a provided toward the base portion 24.
- the weight portion 25 is supported on the upper surface side of the base portion 24 in a state where the convex portion 25 a is embedded in the base portion 24. Even if comprised in this way, drop-off
- the shape of the convex part 25a is provided toward the base 24, it is not specifically limited.
- it can be a columnar convex portion 25 b or a hollow cylindrical convex portion 25 c.
- Arbitrary shapes such as indefinite shapes that are not classified can be adopted.
- the rib-like projections 32 of the present embodiment are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and each rib-like projection 32 is an edge in the width direction of the sheet 11 (perpendicular to the sheet flow direction, TD direction). In the section, the sheets 11 are spaced apart from each other along the length direction of the sheet 11 (sheet flow direction, MD direction).
- the same operation and effect as the first embodiment described above are exhibited.
- the plurality of rib-like protrusions 32 are spaced apart so as to form a line, the followability (flexibility) of the sound insulating sheet member 101 is further enhanced. Therefore, the flexible sheet 11 that can be expanded and contracted can follow the surface shape even on a more complicated application surface, and as a result, the sheet 11 can be stably mounted on the support 51.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view showing the sound insulating sheet member 102 of the present embodiment, and a sectional view taken along the line XX-XX (FIG. 20).
- the sound insulating sheet member 102 includes a sheet 11 having rubber elasticity and a plurality of resonance portions 21 provided on the sheet surface 11 a of the sheet 11.
- the sound insulating sheet members of the first and second embodiments described above, except that the number of resonating portions, the shapes of the base and the weight, and the rib-like protrusions and the support are not provided. Since it has the same configuration as 100 or 101 and the sound insulation structure 200 or 201, a duplicate description is omitted here.
- the base portion 22 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a portion located on the side opposite to the bottom surface in contact with the sheet surface 11a has a hemispherical outer shape.
- the outer shape of the base is not particularly limited, and the shape of the portion opposite to the bottom surface that is in contact with the sheet surface 11a is not particularly limited.
- hemispherical, planar, convex, concave, etc. may be adjusted as appropriate.
- the outer shape of the weight portion is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately adjusted to a polyhedron such as a sphere, a hemisphere, a cube, and a cuboid, a plate shape, and the like.
- the method for producing the sound insulating sheet member and the sound insulating structure of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, the following steps (1) to (4) may be included.
- (1) A step of preparing a mold having a plurality of cavities and placing weights in the plurality of cavities provided in the mold.
- (2) A step of pouring a resin material and / or a polymer material into the cavity.
- (3) A step of curing the poured resin material and / or polymer material.
- the above steps (1) to (4) can be performed according to the description of the production method shown in the embodiments described later.
- the shape of the cavity is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the bottom can be appropriately selected from a hemispherical shape, a planar shape, a convex shape, a concave shape, and the like.
- the cavity shape is hemispherical, the position of the weight placed in the cavity is likely to be determined at the hemispherical apex, and the position of the weight part tends to be constant in a plurality of resonance parts provided in the sound insulating sheet member. It is in.
- Embodiment 1 One form of the manufacturing method of a sound insulation sheet member is shown using Embodiment 1 mentioned above.
- the method for manufacturing the sound insulating sheet member and the sound insulating structure of the present invention is not limited to this. Moreover, it can apply mutatis mutandis also in other embodiments.
- the sound insulating sheet member 100 can be obtained by providing the above-described resonance portion 21 and the rib-like projection portion 31 on the sheet surface 11 a of the sheet 11.
- the installation method of the resonance part 21 and the rib-shaped projection part 31 is not specifically limited.
- each separately molded part is heat-pressed or pressure-bonded and bonded, a method of bonding using various known adhesives, a method of bonding by thermal welding, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, or the like is exemplified.
- adhesives include epoxy resin adhesives, acrylic resin adhesives, polyurethane resin adhesives, silicone resin adhesives, polyolefin resin adhesives, polyvinyl butyral resin adhesives, and mixtures thereof. However, it is not particularly limited to these.
- a part or the whole of the resonance part 21 and the rib-like projection part 31 can also be formed by punching a rubber plate obtained by the molding method.
- a part of the resonance part 21 is a metal or an alloy, it can be formed by cutting the metal or the alloy.
- a method of integrally forming the sound insulating sheet member 100 by die molding, cast molding, or the like is preferable.
- a mold or a casting mold having a shape corresponding to an integrally molded product of the sheet 11, the resonance part 21, and the rib-shaped protrusion 31, the resonance part 21, the sheet 11, the resonance part 21, and the rib
- molding the integral molded product of the protruding part 31 is mentioned.
- various known methods such as a press molding method, a compression molding method, a casting molding method, an extrusion molding method, and an injection molding method are known, and the type is not particularly limited.
- the raw material of each component is a resin material and polymer material which have rubber elasticity, for example, it can be poured in a cavity with the form of a liquid precursor or a heating melt. Moreover, if it is a metal, an alloy, or inorganic glass, it can arrange
- the resin material or the polymer material is not particularly limited. For example, the material which was illustrated by the sheet
- FIG. 3 to 6 are diagrams showing an example of a manufacturing process of the sound insulating sheet member 100.
- a mold 61 having a cavity 61a having a shape corresponding to the above-described resonating portion 21 and a cavity 61b having a shape corresponding to the rib-shaped protrusion 31 is used (see FIG. 3), and the cavity 61a of the mold 61 is used.
- the weight part 23 is disposed (see FIG. 4), and then a resin material having rubber elasticity is poured into the cavities 61a and 61b and heated or pressurized as necessary (see FIG. 5), and then the sheet 11, the resonance part
- the integrally molded product of 21 and the rib-like protrusion 31 is released to obtain the sound insulating sheet member 100.
- the sheet 11, the resonance part 21, and the rib-like protrusion part 31 are an integrally molded product containing a thermosetting elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer.
- the sound insulation sheet members 100 to 103 and the sound insulation structures 200 to 201 of this embodiment a plurality of resonance portions 21 are provided in contact with the sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11 having rubber elasticity. Therefore, when sound waves are incident from a noise source, a high sound insulation performance that surpasses the mass law can be obtained.
- the spring constant is adjusted by changing the shape or material (elastic modulus, mass) of the base portion 22 and the mass of the weight portion 23 is adjusted. It is possible to easily control the resonance frequency of the resonance unit 21 by changing or the like.
- the frequency band (acoustic band gap width and frequency position) can be controlled by the material, thickness, and the like of the sheet 11. Therefore, the sound insulation sheet members 100 to 103 and the sound insulation structures 200 to 201 of the present embodiment are superior in freedom of selection of sound insulation frequency and design freedom as compared with conventional ones.
- the resonance part 21 and the rib-like projection part 31 are provided in contact with one sheet surface 11a of the sheet 11 having rubber elasticity. It is not provided on the other sheet surface 11b. Therefore, even if the support 51 is a non-flat surface having a curved surface, for example, the flexible sheet 11 that can be expanded and contracted can follow the surface shape, and as a result, the sheet 11 is stabilized on the support 51. Can be installed. Therefore, the sound insulation sheet members 100 to 103 and the sound insulation structures 200 to 201 of the present embodiment are superior in handling and versatility compared to conventional ones.
- the sheet 11 and the resonance part 21 are integrally formed, a plurality of resonance parts 21 (resonators) can be installed together, so that the productivity and the handleability are remarkably improved.
- the sound insulating sheet members 100 to 103 are wound into a sheet shape or a plurality of sheets are overlapped. Even so, the rib-like protrusion 31 functions as a spacer, and the contact of the resonance part 21 with the back surface of the sheet 11 is suppressed. Therefore, it is easy to continuously produce and store the sound insulating sheet members 100 to 103 by so-called roll-to-roll without causing manufacturing troubles such as deformation, mutation, cracking, dropping, and breakage of the resonance part 21. Compared with batch production for each sheet, the production speed is improved, and productivity and economy are improved.
- the sound insulation sheet member of the present invention can be used as a sound insulation structure.
- the sound insulation structure may have a support, a rib-like protrusion, and the like.
- the main body and covers of the mechanical device for the purpose of reducing the sound emitted from mechanical devices such as motors and pumps and the sound emitted from metal piping and resin piping, the main body and covers of the mechanical device. Use such as mounting or winding around metal piping, resin piping, etc. is conceivable.
- the sound insulation sheet member of the present invention may be a sound insulation structure including a sound insulation sheet member and a flame-retardant and / or non-combustible member. By using it in combination with a flame-retardant and / or non-flammable member, it can be classified into a sound insulation function and used as an architectural structure having a fire prevention function.
- the structure, position, etc. of the sound insulation sheet member and the flame-retardant and / or non-combustible member constituting the sound insulation structure are not particularly limited.
- a sound insulating sheet member may be provided on a support using a flame retardant and / or non-combustible part as a support, and the sound insulating sheet member is provided in a casing made of a flame retardant and / or non-combustible member.
- a flame-retardant and / or non-flammable casing is a member that is cured by heating and does not melt even with high-temperature heat in a fire, or a member that does not burn for a certain period of time even when fire heat is applied, and maintains a certain shape It is formed by a thermosetting resin composition or a flame retardant material flame retardant (including a semi-incombustible material and a non-flammable material).
- thermosetting resin composition A thermosetting acrylic resin composition with high heat resistance, a thermosetting epoxy resin composition, a polyimide-type resin, etc. are mentioned.
- a flame retardant material glass wool, rock wool, ceramic wool, siliceous fiber, carbon fiber, silica alumina fiber, alumina fiber, inorganic fiber such as silica fiber, plaster or concrete processed into a plate shape, or These plaster and concrete are mixed with the aforementioned inorganic fibers and processed into a plate shape.
- Steel, iron, copper, aluminum and other metals, aluminum glass cloth, urethane resin and other resin components contain a flame retardant such as red phosphorus. Flame retardant resin compositions, and the like.
- the sound insulation structure may be a laminate including the sound insulation sheet member of the present invention.
- the sound insulation sheet members 102 are provided on both surfaces of the support 51, that is, the sheet surfaces 11 b of the two sound insulation sheet members 102 are opposed to each other, and the support 51 is It may be a sound insulation structure that is sandwiched.
- a plurality of sound insulation structures each having a sound insulation sheet member provided on a support may be laminated.
- the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- the present invention can adopt various conditions as long as the object of the present invention is achieved without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- Example 1 Sylgard 184 (Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd.) was poured into a stainless steel container and heated at 150 ° C. for 15 minutes to produce a 3 mm thick silicone rubber sheet.
- the Young's modulus of the produced silicone rubber was measured by a dynamic viscoelastic device DVA-200s (manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd.), and was 10 MPa at 25 ° C. and 10 Hz.
- the density was 1.04 g / cm 3 .
- the silicone rubber sheet was punched into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 3 mm, thereby producing a base portion of the resonance convex portion.
- the mass per base part of the resonance convex part was 0.09 g.
- Example 1 tungsten having a density of 19.3 g / cm 3 was cut into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 3 mm, thereby producing a weight portion of the resonance convex portion.
- the mass per weight part of the resonance convex part was 1.6 g.
- the obtained cylindrical base was pressure-bonded onto a silicone rubber sheet (manufactured by Mitsubishi Plastics) having a thickness of 0.2 mm and a Young's modulus of 3.4 MPa (25 ° C., 10 Hz).
- the sound insulation sheet member of Example 1 was produced by crimping
- the sound insulation structure of Example 1 was produced by crimping and bonding the obtained sound insulation sheet member to a 0.5 mm-thick aluminum plate.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 By removing all the resonance parts from the sound insulation structure of Example 1, the sound insulation structure of Comparative Example 1 was produced. Further, without using a silicone rubber sheet having a thickness of 0.2 mm, the base portion was directly press-bonded onto an aluminum plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm, and a cylindrical weight portion was adhered to the upper surface of the base portion, thereby allowing Comparative Example 2 to be performed. A sound insulation structure was prepared. Furthermore, the sound insulation structure of Comparative Example 3 was produced by adhering the weight portion to an aluminum plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm with Aron Alpha 201 (manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.).
- the shape of the sound insulation structure in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 is a plate shape of 300 mm ⁇ 200 mm in plan view.
- the sound insulation structures of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2 to 5 have 100 resonance convex portions (10 pieces in the sheet length direction ⁇ 10 pieces in the sheet width direction) in a 100 ⁇ 100 mm region in the center of the sheet. (Lattice arrangement).
- the prepared sound insulation structure is attached to the opening (210 mm x 300 mm) in the upper part of the sound source room with an inner dimension of 700 mm x 600 mm x 500 mm (volume 0.21 m 3 ), and the sheet surface where the resonance part does not overlap at the center of the sound insulation structure
- the vibration amplitude in the out-of-plane direction was measured using a laser Doppler vibrometer (OFV2500, CLV700 (Polytec Corporation)).
- White noise was radiated from a speaker (101MM (Bose Co., Ltd.)) installed in the sound source room so that sound waves were incident on the specimen from a random direction.
- the measurement results are shown in FIGS.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 From the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it was confirmed that a region where vibration was suppressed appeared in the vicinity of 1 to 2 kHz due to the presence of the resonance part. Further, in comparison with Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the configuration of the prior art in which a plurality of resonators are directly bonded on an aluminum plate, and a book in which a plurality of resonance portions are provided on a sheet having rubber elasticity. In both the configurations of the invention, it was confirmed that the region where the vibration in the vicinity of 1 to 2 kHz was reduced similarly appeared. From this, it was confirmed that the present invention has a sound insulation performance equivalent to that of the prior art.
- Example 1 Comparative Example 3
- a configuration in which a plurality of columnar weights are directly bonded on an aluminum plate is 1 to 2 kHz. It was confirmed that no nearby vibration reduction appeared. From this, it was confirmed that the sound insulating sheet member and the sound insulating structure of the present invention exhibit behavior exceeding the mass law.
- Example 1 Furthermore, from the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 4, it was confirmed that the vibration reduction in the vicinity of 1 to 2 kHz was not remarkable in the configuration without the cylindrical base. From this, it was confirmed that the resonance part needs to have a base part.
- Example 1 Furthermore, from the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 5, it was confirmed that vibration reduction near 1 to 2 kHz did not appear in the configuration without the cylindrical weight portion. From this, it was confirmed that the resonance part needs to be provided with a weight part.
- the acoustic band gap was estimated by the finite element method by the method described in Non-Patent Document 3.
- a schematic diagram of the unit cell of each configuration is shown in FIG. 18, and the estimation result of the acoustic band gap is shown in Table 1 together with the size, material, and physical properties of the constituent members.
- the acoustic band gap of the sound insulating sheet member in which a plurality of resonance portions are provided on a sheet having rubber elasticity is 0.2 mmt, 0.5 mmt, and the sheet thickness. As the value increases, the frequency shifts to the low frequency side. From the above, it was confirmed that the acoustic band gap can be controlled by the thickness of the sheet, and the design freedom of the sound insulating sheet member is increased.
- the acoustic band gap is shifted to the low frequency side by reducing the Young's modulus of the sheet from 10 MPa to 1 MPa. From the above, it was confirmed that the acoustic band gap can be controlled by the Young's modulus of the sheet, and the design freedom of the sound insulating sheet member is increased.
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Abstract
Description
[1] ゴム弾性を有するシート、及び複数の共振部を少なくとも備え、
該共振部は、該シートのシート面に接して設けられ、
該共振部は、基部及び錘部を備え、
該錘部は、該基部に支持され且つ該基部より大きな質量を有するものである、遮音シート部材。
[2]前記シートが、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、及び熱可塑性エラストマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、[1]に記載の遮音シート部材。
[3]前記シートが、0.01MPa以上、100MPa以下のヤング率を有する、[1]又は[2]に記載の遮音シート部材。
[4]前記基部は、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、熱可塑性エラストマー、熱又は光硬化性樹脂、及び熱可塑性樹脂よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材。
[5]前記シート及び前記共振部が一体成形物であり、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、及び熱可塑性エラストマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を共に含有するものである、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材。
[6]前記錘部が、金属、合金、及び無機ガラスよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材。
[7]前記錘部の少なくとも一部が、前記基部に埋設されている、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材。
[8]前記錘部は、前記基部に向かって設けられた凸部を有する、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材。
[9]前記遮音シート部材が、少なくとも1以上のリブ状突起部をさらに備え、
該リブ状突起部は、前記シートのシート面に上に接して設けられ、且つ、シート法線方向の高さが前記共振部よりも高いものである、[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材。
[10]前記シートのシート長さ方向に延在するように、前記リブ状突起部が設けられている、[9]に記載の遮音シート部材。
[11]前記シートのシート長さ方向に沿って、複数の前記リブ状突起部が離間配置されている、[9]又は[10]に記載の遮音シート部材。
[12]前記シート、前記共振部及び前記リブ状突起部が一体成形物であり、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、及び熱可塑性エラストマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を共に含有するものである、[9]~[11]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材。
[13] [1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材、及び支持体を少なくとも備え、
該支持体は、該遮音シート部材の前記シートの少なくとも一方の面に接して設けられ、且つ、前記シートを支持するものである、遮音構造体。
[14]前記支持体が、1GPa以上のヤング率を有する、[13]に記載の遮音構造体。
[15] [1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材と、難燃性及び/又は不燃性の部材とを含む、遮音構造体。
[16] [1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の遮音シート部材を含む積層体である、遮音構造体。
[17]以下工程を含むものである、遮音シート部材の製造方法。
(1) 複数のキャビティを有する金型を準備し、金型に設けられた複数のキャビティに錘を配置する工程。
(2)キャビティ内に樹脂材料及び/又は高分子材料を流し込む工程。
(3)流し込まれた樹脂材料及び/又は高分子材料を硬化する工程。
(4)得られた硬化物を金型より剥離する工程。
[18]前記キャビティの底の形状が、半球状である、[17]に記載の遮音シート部材の製造方法。
図1及び図2は、本実施形態の遮音シート部材100及び遮音構造体200を示す概略斜視図、及びそのII-II矢視断面図である。遮音シート部材100は、ゴム弾性を有するシート11と、このシート11のシート面11a上に接して設けられた複数の共振部21と、同シート面11a上に設けられた少なくとも1以上のリブ状突起部31とを備えている。この遮音シート部材100は、シート11のシート面11b側に設けられた支持体51に支持されており、これにより遮音構造体200が構成されている。
シート11は、ゴム弾性を有するシートである。特に限定されないが、樹脂(有機高分子)の分子運動等に起因して、ゴム弾性を有するものであってもよい。このシート11は、騒音源から音波が入射された際に、ある周波数で振動する振動子(共振器)としても機能し得るものである。
シート11を構成する材料としては、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、熱可塑性エラストマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有することが好ましい。厚みが増すにつれ、照射する光が中心部まで届きにくくなる場合があるため、熱硬化性エラストマー又は熱可塑性エラストマーを用いることがより好ましい。
具体的には、化学架橋された天然ゴム或いは合成ゴム等の加硫ゴム、ウレタンゴム、シリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴム、アクリルゴム等の熱硬化性樹脂系エラストマー等の熱硬化性エラストマー;オレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー、スチレン系熱可塑性エラストマー、塩ビ系熱可塑性エラストマー、ウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー、エステル系熱可塑性エラストマー、アミド系熱可塑性エラストマー、シリコーンゴム系熱可塑性エラストマー、アクリル系熱可塑性エラストマー等の熱可塑性エラストマー、アクリル系光硬化性エラストマー、シリコーン系光硬化性エラストマー、エポキシ系光硬化性エラストマー等の光硬化性エラストマーが例示される。より具体的には、天然ゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ニトリルゴム、ポリイソブチレンゴム、エチレン-プロピレンゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、アクリルゴム、フッ素ゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴム、ポリエステルゴム、ウレタンゴム、シリコーンゴム、及びこれらの変性体等が挙げられるが、これらに特に限定されない。これらは、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。これらのなかでも、天然ゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ニトリルゴム、ポリイソブチレンゴム、エチレンプロピレンゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、アクリルゴム、フッ素ゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴム、ポリエステルゴム、ウレタンゴム、シリコーンゴム及びこれらの変性体が好ましく、耐熱性や耐寒性に優れる等の観点から、シリコーンゴム、アクリルゴム及びこれらの変性体がより好ましい。
共振部21は、騒音源から音波が入射された際に、ある周波数で振動する振動子(共振器)として機能するものである。本実施形態の共振部21は、基部22と、この基部22に支持され且つこの基部22より大きな質量を有する錘部23とを備える複合構造体から構成されている。このような複合構造体とすることで、共振部21は、錘として働く錘部23の質量と、バネとして働く基部22のバネ定数により決定される共振周波数を持つ共振器として有効に機能する。
本実施形態において、略円柱状の外形形状を有する基部22が、シート11のシート面11a上に複数接して設けられており、この基部22の内部に、略円柱状の外形形状を有する錘部23がそれぞれ埋設されている。基部22の外形形状は、特に限定されず、三角柱状、矩形柱状、台形柱状、5角柱や6角柱等の多角柱状、円柱状、楕円柱状、角錐台状、円錐台状、角錐状、円錐状、中空筒状、分岐形状、これらに分類されない不定形状等、任意の形状を採用することができる。また、基部22の高さ位置によって異なる断面積及び/又は断面形状を有する柱状に形成することもできる。
熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、熱可塑性エラストマーとしては、シートで例示したものが挙げられる。熱又は光硬化性樹脂としては、アクリル系熱硬化性樹脂、ウレタン系熱硬化性樹脂、シリコーン系熱硬化性樹脂、エポキシ系熱硬化性樹脂等が挙げられる。熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリオレフィン系熱可塑性樹脂、ポリエステル系熱可塑性樹脂、アクリル系熱可塑性樹脂、ウレタン系熱可塑性樹脂、ポリカーボネート系熱可塑性樹脂等が挙げられる。
具体例としては、化学架橋された天然ゴム或いは合成ゴム等の加硫ゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ニトリルゴム、ポリイソブチレンゴム、エチレンプロピレンゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、アクリルゴム、フッ素ゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴム、ポリエステルゴム、ウレタンゴム、シリコーンゴム及びこれらの変性体等のゴム類;ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリクロロトリフロロエチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリノルボルネン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、ポリアリレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、エポキシ樹脂、オキサジン樹脂等のポリマー類等が挙げられるが、これらに特に限定されない。これらは、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。また、基部22は、これらの高分子材料中に空孔(空気等の気体)を含む多孔質体であってもよい。さらに、基部22は、鉱物油、植物油、シリコーン油等の液体材料を含んでいてもよい。なお、基部22が液体材料を含む場合には、液体材料の外部への流出を抑制する観点から、高分子材料中に封じ込めておくことが望ましい。
錘部23は、上述した基部22より大きな質量を有するものであれば特に限定されない。本実施形態においては、最大直径が基部22よりも小さな略円柱状に形成されており、共振部21の先端側において基部22内に埋設されている。このように共振器の錘として働く錘部23がバネ定数を決定する基部22に支持された構成を採用しているため、例えば基部22の形状或いは素材(弾性率、質量)の変更によるバネ定数の調整や、錘部23の質量の変更によって、共振部21の共振周波数の制御を容易に行うことができる。一般的には、基部22の弾性率が小さくなると音響バンドギャップは低周波数側にシフトする傾向にある。また、錘部23の質量が大きくなると、音響バンドギャップは低周波数側にシフトする傾向にある。
本発明の遮音シート部材は、リブ状突起部31を有していてもよい。本実施形態において、リブ状突起部31は、シート11の長さ方向(シート流れ方向、MD方向)に延在するようにそれぞれ外形略板状に成形されている。このリブ状突起部31は、シート11のシート面11a上、より具体的にはシート11の幅方向(シート流れ方向に垂直方向、TD方向)の縁部の2箇所に、それぞれ設けられている。
本発明の遮音シート部材は、遮音性能を発現させる環境に合わせ適宜設置することができる。例えば、遮音シート部材を装置、構造体上等に直接設置してもよい。遮音シート部材と装置、構造体等の間には、接着層等を設けてもよい。また、遮音シート部材を支持体が支持した形態で用いてもよい。本発明の遮音シート部材を用いて遮音する際に、支持体が遮音シート部材を支持すればよく、製造、保管時等は支持体に支持されていなくてもよい。
支持体は遮音シート部材のシートの少なくとも一方の面に接して設けられていればよく、共振部が接して設けられているシート面上及び/又は共振部が接して設けられているシート面の他方の面に設けられていてもよい。
また、遮音シート部材を装置、構造体上等に直接設置する場合において、遮音シート部材を設置する面は、シートを支持する観点、遮音性能を高める観点等から上記支持体と同様の剛性を有することが好ましい。
図7及び図8は、本実施形態の遮音シート部材101及び遮音構造体201を示す概略斜視図、及びその矢視断面図である。本実施形態においては、共振部の設置数、基部及び錘部の形状、並びに、リブ状突起部の形状及び設置数が異なること以外は、上述した第1実施形態の遮音シート部材100及び遮音構造体200と同等の構成を有するため、ここでの重複した説明は省略する。
図19は、本実施形態の遮音シート部材102を示す概略斜視図、及びそのXX-XX矢視断面図 (図20)である。遮音シート部材102は、ゴム弾性を有するシート11と、このシート11のシート面11a上に設けられた複数の共振部21とを備えている。本実施形態においては、共振部の設置数、基部及び錘部の形状、並びに、リブ状突起部及び支持体が設置されていないこと以外は、上述した第1及び第2実施形態の遮音シート部材100又は101、遮音構造体200又は201と同等の構成を有するため、ここでの重複した説明は省略する。
錘部の外形形状も特に限定されず、球状、半球状、立方体、直方体等の多面体、板状等、適宜調整することができる。
本発明の遮音シート部材及び遮音構造体の製造方法は特に限定されないが、例えば、以下(1)~(4)工程を含んでいてもよい。
(1)複数のキャビティを有する金型を準備し、金型に設けられた複数のキャビティに錘を配置する工程。
(2)キャビティ内に樹脂材料及び/又は高分子材料を流し込む工程。
(3)流し込まれた樹脂材料及び/又は高分子材料を硬化する工程。
(4)得られた硬化物を金型より剥離する工程。
上記(1)~(4)工程は、後述する実施形態で示した製造方法の記載に準じて実施することができる。
(2)工程において、キャビティの形状は特に限定されないが、例えば底の形状は半球状、平面状、凸状、凹状等適宜選択することができる。例えば、キャビティの形状が半球状であることで、キャビティに配置する錘の位置が半球状の頂点に定まりやすくなり、遮音シート部材に設けた複数の共振部において錘部の位置が一定となりやすい傾向にある。
遮音シート部材100は、シート11のシート面11a上に、上述した共振部21とリブ状突起部31を設けることで得ることができる。共振部21及びリブ状突起部31の設置方法は、特に限定されない。例えば、別個成形した各部品を、加熱加圧又は加圧して圧着する方法、各種公知の接着剤を用いて接着する方法、熱溶着、超音波溶着、レーザー溶着等で接合する方法等が例示される。接着剤としては、エポキシ樹脂系接着剤、アクリル樹脂系接着剤、ポリウレタン樹脂系接着剤、シリコーン樹脂系接着剤、ポリオレフィン樹脂系接着剤、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂系接着剤、及び、これらの混合物等が挙げられるが、これらに特に限定されない。なお、共振部21の一部若しくは全体、及びリブ状突起部31は、上記成形方法によって得られたゴム板を打ち抜くことによっても形成可能である。また、共振部21の一部が金属や合金である場合には、金属や合金を切削加工等することで形成可能である。
樹脂材料や高分子材料としては、特に限定されない。例えば、本発明の遮音シート部材であるシート、基部等で例示した材料及びそれらの原料・中間体等が挙げられる。
本実施形態の遮音シート部材100~103及び遮音構造体200~201においては、ゴム弾性を有するシート11のシート面11a上に接して複数の共振部21が設けられた構成となっている。そのため、騒音源から音波が入射された際に、質量則を凌駕する高い遮音性能を得ることができる。ここで、本実施形態の遮音シート部材100~103及び遮音構造体200~201においては、基部22の形状或いは素材(弾性率、質量)の変更によるバネ定数の調整や、錘部23の質量の変更等によって、共振部21の共振周波数の制御を容易に行うことができる。その上さらに、シート11の素材や厚み等によっても周波数帯域(音響バンドギャップ幅や周波数位置)を制御可能である。したがって、本実施形態の遮音シート部材100~103及び遮音構造体200~201は、従来のものに比して、遮音周波数選択の自由度や設計自由度に優れる。
本発明の遮音シート部材は遮音構造体として用いることができる。前述の実施形態に示したように遮音構造体は支持体、リブ状突起部等を有していてもよい。
また、本発明の遮音シート部材の利用法の一例として、モーターやポンプ等の機械装置から発する音や金属配管類や樹脂配管類から発する音の減消音用として、機械装置の本体やカバー類に取り付けたり、金属配管、樹脂配管等に巻き付けたりといった利用法が考えられる。
難燃性及びまたは不燃性の筐体は、加熱により硬化して火災時の高温の熱によっても溶融しない部材、又は、火熱が加えられても一定時間は燃焼せずに一定の形状を保つ部材であり、熱硬化性樹脂組成物又は難燃性材料難燃(準不燃材料、不燃材料を含む。)により形成される。
熱硬化性樹脂組成物としては、特に限定されるものではないが、耐熱性の高い熱硬化性アクリル樹脂組成物や熱硬化性エポキシ樹脂組成物、ポリイミド系樹脂等が挙げられる。
難燃性材料としては、グラスウール、ロックウール、セラミックウール、ケイ酸質繊維、炭素繊維、シリカアルミナ繊維、アルミナ繊維、シリカ繊維などの無機繊維、石膏やコンクリート等を板状に加工したもの、又はこれら石膏やコンクリート等に前述無機繊維類を配合し板状に加工したもの、鋼、鉄、銅、アルミニウムなどの金属、アルミガラスクロス、ウレタン樹脂などの樹脂成分に赤リンなどの難燃剤を含ませた難燃性樹脂組成物等が挙げられる。
Sylgard 184(東レ・ダウコーニング株式会社)をステンレス製の容器に流し込み150℃で15分加熱することで、3mm厚のシリコーンゴムシートを作製した。作製されたシリコーンゴムのヤング率は動的粘弾性装置DVA-200s(アイティー計測制御株式会社製)により測定され、25℃、10Hzで、10MPaであった。また、密度は1.04g/cm3であった。その後、直径6mm、高さ3mmの円柱形状に該シリコーンゴムシートを打ち抜くことにより、共振凸部の基部を作製した。共振凸部の基部1つ当たりの質量は0.09gであった。また、密度が19.3g/cm3であるタングステンを直径6mm、高さ3mmの円柱形状に切削加工することにより、共振凸部の錘部を作製した。共振凸部の錘部1つ当たりの質量は1.6gであった。
得られた円柱形状の基部を、厚さ0.2mm、ヤング率3.4MPa(25℃、10Hz)のシリコーンゴムシート(三菱樹脂株式会社製)上に圧着した。次いで、円柱形状の基部の上面に、円柱形状の錘部を圧着することで、実施例1の遮音シート部材を作製した。その後、得られた遮音シート部材を、0.5mm厚のアルミニウム板に圧着して貼り付けることにより、実施例1の遮音構造体を作製した。
実施例1の遮音構造体から共振部をすべて取り除くことにより、比較例1の遮音構造体を作製した。また、厚さ0.2mmのシリコーンゴムシートを用いずに、0.5mm厚のアルミニウム板上に基部を直接圧着し、この基部の上面に円柱形状の錘部を接着することにより、比較例2の遮音構造体を作製した。さらに、0.5mm厚のアルミニウム板上に錘部をアロンアルファ201(東亜合成株式会社製)で接着することにより、比較例3の遮音構造体を作製した。
実施例1のタングステン製の円柱形状の錘部を、厚さ0.2mm、ヤング率3.4MPa(25℃、10Hz)のシリコーンゴムシート(三菱樹脂株式会社製)上に圧着することにより、遮音シート部材を作製した。その後、得られた遮音シート部材を、0.5mm厚のアルミニウム板に圧着して貼り付けることにより比較例4の遮音構造体を作製した。
また、実施例1シリコーンゴム製の円柱形状の基部を、厚さ0.2mm、ヤング率3.4MPa(25℃、10Hz)のシリコーンゴムシート(三菱樹脂株式会社製)上に圧着することにより、遮音シート部材を作製した。その後、得られた遮音シート部材を、0.5mm厚のアルミニウム板に圧着して貼り付けることにより比較例5の遮音構造体を作製した。
作製した遮音構造体を、内寸700mm×600mm×500mm(容積0.21m3)の音源室上部の開口部(210mm×300mm)に取りつけ、遮音構造体の中央部で共振部の重ならないシート表面の面外方向への振動振幅を、レーザードップラー振動計(OFV2500、CLV700(ポリテック株式会社))を用いて測定した。音源室内部に設置したスピーカー(101MM(ボーズ株式会社))からホワイトノイズを放射し、ランダムな方向から試験体に音波が入射されるようにした。測定結果を図12~17に示す。
次に、非特許文献3に記載の方法により、音響バンドギャップを有限要素法により推算した。各構成のユニットセルの概略図を図18に示し、音響バンドギャップの推算結果を、構成部材のサイズ、材料、物性と併せて、表1に示す。
11a シート面
11b シート面
21 共振部
22 基部
23 錘部
24 基部
25 錘部
25a 凸部
25b 凸部
25c 凸部
31 リブ状突起部
32 リブ状突起部
51 支持体
61 金型
61a キャビティ
61b キャビティ
100 遮音シート部材
101 遮音シート部材
102 遮音シート部材
200 遮音構造体
201 遮音構造体
202 遮音構造体
H1 最大高さ
H2 最大高さ
r 半径
h 高さ
a シート長さ
I 錘部
ii 基部
iii シート
iv 支持体
Claims (18)
- ゴム弾性を有するシート、及び複数の共振部を少なくとも備え、
該共振部は、該シートのシート面に接して設けられ、
該共振部は、基部及び錘部を備え、
該錘部は、該基部に支持され且つ該基部より大きな質量を有するものである、遮音シート部材。 - 前記シートが、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、及び熱可塑性エラストマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記シートが、0.01MPa以上、100MPa以下のヤング率を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記基部は、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、熱可塑性エラストマー、熱又は光硬化性樹脂、及び熱可塑性樹脂よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記シート及び前記共振部が一体成形物であり、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、及び熱可塑性エラストマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を共に含有するものである、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記錘部が、金属、合金、及び無機ガラスよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記錘部の少なくとも一部が、前記基部に埋設されている、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記錘部は、前記基部に向かって設けられた凸部を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記遮音シート部材が、少なくとも1以上のリブ状突起部をさらに備え、
該リブ状突起部は、前記シートのシート面に上に接して設けられ、且つ、シート法線方向の高さが前記共振部よりも高いものである、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材。 - 前記シートのシート長さ方向に延在するように、前記リブ状突起部が設けられている、請求項9に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記シートのシート長さ方向に沿って、複数の前記リブ状突起部が離間配置されている、請求項9又は10に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 前記シート、前記共振部及び前記リブ状突起部が一体成形物であり、熱又は光硬化性エラストマー、及び熱可塑性エラストマーよりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を共に含有するものである、請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材、及び支持体を少なくとも備え、
該支持体は、該遮音シート部材の前記シートの少なくとも一方の面に接して設けられ、且つ、前記シートを支持するものである、遮音構造体。 - 前記支持体が、1GPa以上のヤング率を有する、請求項13に記載の遮音構造体。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材と、難燃性及び/又は不燃性の部材とを含む、遮音構造体。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の遮音シート部材を含む積層体である、遮音構造体。
- 以下工程を含むものである、遮音シート部材の製造方法。
(1) 複数のキャビティを有する金型を準備し、金型に設けられた複数のキャビティに錘を配置する工程。
(2)キャビティ内に樹脂材料及び/又は高分子材料を流し込む工程。
(3)流し込まれた樹脂材料及び/又は高分子材料を硬化する工程。
(4)得られた硬化物を金型より剥離する工程。 - 前記キャビティの底の形状が、半球状である、請求項17に記載の遮音シート部材の製造方法。
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US16/053,278 US11168474B2 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2018-08-02 | Sound insulation sheet member and sound insulation structure using same |
US17/490,070 US11821201B2 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2021-09-30 | Sound insulation sheet member and sound insulation structure using same |
US18/486,198 US20240044131A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2023-10-13 | Sound insulation sheet member and sound insulation structure using same |
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US20240035273A1 (en) | 2024-02-01 |
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