WO2017118444A1 - 液压工具 - Google Patents

液压工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017118444A1
WO2017118444A1 PCT/CN2017/074719 CN2017074719W WO2017118444A1 WO 2017118444 A1 WO2017118444 A1 WO 2017118444A1 CN 2017074719 W CN2017074719 W CN 2017074719W WO 2017118444 A1 WO2017118444 A1 WO 2017118444A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching device
unit
hydraulic tool
leg
movable portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/074719
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周启
陈磊华
Original Assignee
艾默生管道工具(上海)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201620005440.0U external-priority patent/CN205325587U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610003933.5A external-priority patent/CN105500278B/zh
Application filed by 艾默生管道工具(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 艾默生管道工具(上海)有限公司
Priority to US15/777,702 priority Critical patent/US10759037B2/en
Publication of WO2017118444A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017118444A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/005—Hydraulic driving means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/04—Clamps with pivoted jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/16—Details, e.g. jaws, jaw attachments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/02—Construction of casings, bodies or handles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D17/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades pivoted on a single axis
    • B23D17/02—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades pivoted on a single axis characterised by drives or gearings therefor
    • B23D17/06—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades pivoted on a single axis characterised by drives or gearings therefor actuated by fluid or gas pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D29/00—Hand-held metal-shearing or metal-cutting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/026—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same fluid driven

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic tool, and more particularly to a hydraulic tool for a workpiece such as a tube.
  • a hydraulic tool for crimping a workpiece, such as a tube
  • a work unit also referred to as a crimp unit in some cases
  • the processed drive unit and the connection unit that connects the work unit to the drive unit.
  • the drive unit is often a hydraulic drive unit comprising a hydraulic cylinder, a piston housed in the hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod, where the piston and the piston rod are collectively referred to as a movable portion. After the assembly of the hydraulic tool is completed, the movable portion of the drive unit tends to have a single stroke.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a lower cost hydraulic tool.
  • a hydraulic tool including a work unit, a drive unit, a connection unit, and a switching device.
  • the work unit is adapted to operate on the workpiece.
  • the drive unit is configured to drive the work unit and includes a housing and a movable portion disposed in the housing and movable between an initial position and an end position. Connecting unit Connect the work unit and drive unit.
  • the switching device is rotatable between the first position and the second position.
  • the movable portion of the driving unit has a first stroke from the initial position to the end position when the switching device is in the first position; and the movable portion of the driving unit has a smaller than the first stroke when the switching device is in the second position Two trips.
  • the switching device is a sleeve disposed on an outer surface of the connecting unit.
  • the switching device comprises a stop.
  • the stopper of the switching device does not hinder movement of the movable portion of the driving unit such that the movable portion can be in the initial position
  • the end position moves between.
  • the stop of the switching device is capable of stopping the movable portion of the drive unit between the initial position and the end position when the switching device is in the second position
  • the intermediate position enables the movable portion to move between the intermediate position and the end position.
  • the hydraulic tool further includes a driving member for driving the working unit, the driving member is mounted on a bracket fixedly mounted at an end of the piston rod of the driving unit, The stop of the switching device is configured to stop the bracket.
  • the stopper is a protruding member extending from an inner surface of the sleeve, the protruding member being integrally formed with the sleeve, or formed separately from the sleeve and mounted to The sleeve.
  • the hydraulic tool further comprises positioning means for positioning the switching device in the first position and / or the second position.
  • the positioning device comprises a ball and an elastic member for applying a biasing force to the ball.
  • a receiving portion for accommodating the ball and the elastic member is disposed in the connecting unit.
  • the switching device is provided with a first hole and a second hole. When the switching device is in the first position, the elastic member presses the ball such that the ball abuts against the first hole; when the switching device is in the second position, the elastic member presses The ball causes the ball to abut the second aperture.
  • the hydraulic tool further includes a stop device for defining an axial position of the switching device.
  • the limiting device comprises a collar disposed adjacent one end of the switching device and/or a step adjacent to the other end of the switching device and located on an outer surface of the connecting unit.
  • the connecting unit includes a base portion, a first leg and a second leg extending in parallel from the base portion.
  • the work unit is mounted between the first leg and the second leg.
  • the base portion is connected to the drive unit or is part of the drive unit.
  • the switching device includes a base portion, a first leg and a second leg extending in parallel from the base portion. a first recess formed between the first leg and the second leg of the switching device and the first portion of the connecting unit when the switching device is in the first position A second recess formed between one leg and the second leg is aligned. The first leg and/or the second leg of the switching device at least partially obscures the second recess of the connecting unit when the switching device is in the second position.
  • Such a structure has better adaptability to work units of different specifications.
  • the first stroke of the movable portion is between 90 mm and 265 mm, preferably 100 mm, when the switching device is in the first position.
  • the second stroke of the movable portion is between 35 mm and 50 mm, preferably 41 mm.
  • the hydraulic tool according to the invention may be a crimping tool or a shearing tool, in particular a crimping tool or a shearing tool for a tubular workpiece.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hydraulic tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hydraulic tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device of the hydraulic tool is in a first rotational position and the roller is in an initial position;
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a hydraulic tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device of the hydraulic tool is in a first rotational position and the roller is in an end position;
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a hydraulic tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device of the hydraulic tool is in a second rotational position and the roller is in an intermediate position;
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hydraulic tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device of the hydraulic tool is in the second rotational position and the roller is in the end position;
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of an assembly of a cylinder head of a switching device and a drive unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device is in a first rotational position;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of a hydraulic tool equipped with a large working unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device is in a first rotational position;
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic view of an assembly of a cylinder head of a switching device and a drive unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device is in a second rotational position;
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a hydraulic tool equipped with a small work unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the switching device is in a second rotational position;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of a connection unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device and the cylinder head when the switching device is in the first rotational position
  • Figure 14 is a schematic illustration of positioning a switching device at a first rotational position
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device and the cylinder head when the switching device is in the second rotational position;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic illustration of positioning the switching device at a second rotational position.
  • a hydraulic tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs. It should be understood that for illustrative purposes, the principles of the present invention are illustrated by way of example of a crimping tool that operates a tube. However, the present invention is not limited to the crimping tool, and for example, the present invention can also be applied to a clamp tool, a shearing tool, a pressing tool, and the like.
  • the crimping tool 1 may be a handheld type The form of the power tool.
  • the crimping tool 1 may include a crimping unit (or called a working unit) 30, a driving unit 20, and a connecting unit 26 between the crimping unit 30 and the driving unit 20.
  • the crimping unit 30 can be configured to crimp a workpiece such as a tube.
  • the drive unit 20 may be configured to drive the crimp unit 30.
  • the crimping unit 30 includes two crimping members 31 and 33.
  • the two crimping members 31 and 33 may be in the form of plates which are arranged side by side and adjacently in one plane.
  • the crimp members 31 and 33 may have substantially the same structure and are substantially symmetrical about an axis therebetween, wherein the axis is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the workpiece to be crimped (eg, a tube) and may be referred to as an axis of symmetry .
  • the side (face) adjacent to each other of the crimping members 31 and 33 is referred to as an inner side (face), and the side (face) which is apart from each other is referred to as an outer side (face); crimping will be performed
  • the end (portion) of the members 31 and 33 adjacent to the drive unit is referred to as an inner end (portion), and the end (portion) away from the drive unit is referred to as an outer end (portion).
  • the crimping members 31 and 33 each include a crimping portion and a driving portion for driving the crimping portion.
  • the crimping portions of the crimping members 31 and 33 are close to the outer end portion and include crimping faces 311 and 331 on the inner side surface, and the workpiece is housed in the space formed by the crimping faces 311 and 331 of the crimping members 31 and 33.
  • the driving portions of the crimping members 31 and 33 are close to the driving unit and include cam faces (or referred to as driven faces) 312 and 332 on the inner side faces.
  • the crimping members 31 and 33 can be mounted between the two side plates 35 by pin connection. As shown, the crimping member 33 is connected between the two side plates 35 by pins 34, and the crimping member 31 is connected between the two side plates 35 by the pins 32. Thus, when the cam faces 312 and 332 are driven by the drive unit, the crimping member 31 pivots about the pin 32 and the crimping member 33 pivots about the pin 34. That is, when the cam faces 312 and 332 are pivoted away from each other, the crimp faces 311 and 331 are pivoted toward each other, and vice versa.
  • the side panels 35 are generally T-shaped, including lateral portions and legs. Holes for receiving the pins 32 and 34 are respectively provided at both ends of the lateral portion, and holes for receiving the pin 36 are provided near the free end of the leg, wherein the pin 36 is used to connect the crimping unit 30 to The connection unit 26 is in turn connected to the drive unit 20.
  • the drive unit 20 may be a hydraulic drive unit.
  • the drive unit 20 may include a cylinder 21 having an internal cavity and a movable portion that is movable in a cavity of the cylinder and that is movable under hydraulic pressure.
  • the cylinder 21 may in some examples be the housing of the drive unit.
  • the cylinder 21 can also be referred to as a stationary portion of the drive unit 20.
  • the movable portion may include a piston 23 and a piston rod 25 connected to the piston 23 and moving with the piston 23.
  • the piston 23 and the piston rod 25 are moved toward the crimping unit 30 by the high pressure fluid.
  • the piston 23 and the piston rod 25 are in an initial position (as shown in Figure 2).
  • the end position (as shown in FIG. 3). That is, the piston 23 and the piston rod 25 are movable between an initial position and an end position.
  • a spring 27 may also be provided on the piston rod 25 that biases the piston 25 against the hydraulic pressure of the high pressure fluid to force the piston 25 back to the initial position after pressure relief.
  • a driving member for respectively pushing the crimping members 31 and 33 may also be provided at the free end of the piston rod 25.
  • the roller 22 can be mounted to the piston rod 25 in such a manner that when the piston rod 25 translates, the roller 22 can roll about its own central axis, but will not translate relative to the piston rod 25.
  • the roller 22 acts on the cam faces 312 and 332 of the crimping members 31 and 33 in a rolling manner, which can greatly reduce the friction between the roller 22 and the cam faces 312 and 332, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing Wear of the rollers 22, cam faces 312 and 332.
  • a connection unit may be provided between the drive unit and the crimp unit.
  • the connecting unit may be a separate component and fixedly connected to the drive unit or the work unit, or may be part of the drive unit or work unit.
  • the connecting unit is the cylinder head of the hydraulic drive unit.
  • FIG 12 there is shown a schematic view of a connection unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the attachment unit 26 includes a base portion 265, a first leg 261 extending from the base portion 265, and a second leg 263 extending from the base portion 265 parallel to the first leg 261.
  • the crimping unit 30 is placed between the first leg 261 and the second leg 263.
  • the connection unit 26 is part of the drive unit 20.
  • the base portion 265 of the connecting unit 26 is integrally formed with the cylinder or housing of the drive unit.
  • a through hole 262 may be provided in the first leg 261 near its free end, and a through hole 264 may be provided in the second leg 263 near its free end such that the pin is passed 36 is inserted into the through hole 262 in the first leg 261, the corresponding hole in the side plate 35, and the through hole 264 in the second leg 263 to detachably connect the crimping unit 30 to the connecting unit 26.
  • a bracket 24 may be provided.
  • the bracket 24 is fixedly mounted to the piston rod 25, and the roller 22 is rotatably mounted to the bracket 24, thereby connecting the roller 22 to the piston rod 25 via the bracket 24.
  • the rollers and brackets are also considered to be movable portions of the drive unit.
  • the roller 22 and the carriage 24 are translated together with the piston rod 25, so that the stroke of the roller 22 and the carriage 24 is the same as the stroke of the piston rod 25 and the piston 23, which is also referred to herein as the stroke of the movable portion.
  • the hydraulic tool according to the present invention further includes switching means for switching the movable portion between the long stroke and the short stroke.
  • the switching device 10 is disposed on the outer surface of the connecting unit 26 and adjacent to the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic drive unit 20.
  • the switching device 10 according to the present invention is rotatable between a first position and a second position.
  • the switching device 10 is in the first position and the carriage 24 is in the initial position.
  • the bracket 24 abuts the stop 266 of the connecting unit 26.
  • the pressure of the fluid pushes the piston 23 to move, and the piston 23 causes the piston rod 25, the bracket 24, and the roller 22 to move together.
  • the bracket 24 moves away from the stopper portion 266 toward the crimping unit 30.
  • the crimping members 31 and 33 are pivoted about the pins 32 and 34, respectively, to perform a crimping operation on the workpiece.
  • the fluid pressure in the hydraulic chamber reaches a maximum and the movable portion is also at the end position.
  • the pressure relief valve is opened and the fluid pressure in the hydraulic chamber is lowered.
  • the piston 23 returns to the initial position until the bracket 24 abuts against the stop 266.
  • the switching device 10 is in the first position, the movable portion of the drive unit 20 moves the first stroke from the initial position to the end position.
  • the switching device 10 is in the second position.
  • a stopper 166 is provided on the inner surface of the switching device 10.
  • the bracket 24 is stopped by the stopper 166 at an intermediate position between its initial position and the end position. That is, due to the presence of the stopper 166, the bracket 24 cannot be returned to the initial position as shown in FIG.
  • the bracket 24 is moved toward the crimping unit 30 from the intermediate position shown in FIG.
  • the crimping members 31 and 33 are pivoted about the pins 32 and 34, respectively, to perform a crimping operation on the workpiece.
  • the fluid pressure in the hydraulic chamber reaches a maximum and the movable portion is also at the end position.
  • the pressure relief valve is opened and the fluid pressure in the hydraulic chamber is lowered.
  • the piston 23 Returning until the bracket 24 abuts the stop 166 in the intermediate position shown in FIG.
  • the movable portion of the drive unit 20 moves a second stroke from the intermediate position to the end position, the second stroke being less than the first stroke described above.
  • the first stroke can be between 90 mm and 265 mm, preferably 100 mm.
  • the second stroke can be between 35 mm and 50 mm, preferably 41 mm.
  • the stroke of the movable portion of the drive unit 20 can be changed by rotating the switching device 10 from the first position to the second position.
  • the switching device according to the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate.
  • the portion of the switching device 10 adjacent the drive unit 20 has a first inner diameter
  • the portion of the switching device 10 adjacent the crimping unit 30 has a second inner diameter, wherein the second inner diameter is greater than the first inner diameter.
  • the stop 166 is in the form of a step.
  • the stop 166 can also be any other suitable form that can perform the functions described above.
  • the stop may be in the form of a bump, shoulder or the like that is capable of stopping the movable portion of the drive unit when the switching device is in the second position.
  • holes may be provided at appropriate locations of the switching device and the connection unit, and when the switching device is in the second position, the pins are inserted through the holes into the connection unit to provide a stop for the bracket 24.
  • the hydraulic tool according to the invention may also be provided with positioning means for positioning the switching device in the first position and/or the second position.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic illustration of positioning the switching device at a first rotational position
  • Figure 16 is a schematic illustration of positioning the switching device at a second rotational position. A positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 14 and 16.
  • the positioning device includes a ball 220 and a spring (elastic member) 230.
  • a receiving portion 267 for accommodating the ball 220 and the spring 230 is provided in the connecting unit 26.
  • the switching device 10 is disposed outside of the connection unit 26.
  • the receptacle 267 is in the form of a radially extending bore in which the ball 220 and spring 230 are received, wherein the ball 220 is radially outward of the spring 230.
  • the spring 230 biases the ball 220 radially outward, i.e., toward the switching unit 10.
  • the switching device 10 is provided with a first hole 101 and a second hole 102.
  • the spring 230 forces the ball 220 to cause the ball 220 to abut against the first aperture 101 (as shown in Figure 15).
  • the spring 230 forces the ball 220 to force the ball 220 against the second aperture 102 (as shown in Figure 16).
  • the ball 220 abuts against the first hole 101 or the second hole 102, rotation of the switching device 10 relative to the connecting unit 26 can be prevented.
  • the hydraulic tool may also include a cut for defining A limiting device for changing the axial position of the device.
  • the limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a collar 210 adjacent one end of the switching device 10. As shown in FIG. 9, the collar 210 is mounted on the connecting unit 26.
  • a step portion 268 may be provided on the outer surface of the connecting unit 26 adjacent to the other end surface of the switching device 10 to prevent the switching device 10 from moving in the axial direction toward the left side in FIG.
  • the structure of the switching device according to the invention can also be arranged to allow replacement of working units of different specifications.
  • a switching device according to another embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs. 6, 8, 9, and 11.
  • the switching device 10 is generally cylindrical and has a similar structure to the connecting unit 26.
  • the switching device 10 can include a base portion 165, a first leg 161 extending from the base portion 165, and a second leg 163 extending from the base portion 165 parallel to the first leg 161. It should be understood that the switching device 10 may have a circumference greater than 180 degrees as long as it can be mounted on the connecting unit and is rotatable relative to the connecting unit.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are longitudinal sectional views of the crimping tool to which the long crimping member is attached, wherein the movable portion of the driving unit is in the initial position in Fig. 2 and in the end position in Fig. 3.
  • 4 and 5 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of the crimping tool to which the short crimping member is mounted, wherein the movable portion of the driving unit is in the intermediate position in Fig. 4 and in the end position in Fig. 5.
  • the travel of the movable portion of the drive unit in Figures 2 and 3 is greater than the travel in Figures 4 and 5. Therefore, the switching device according to the present invention can not only change the stroke of the movable portion of the drive unit but also replace the hydraulic tools of different specifications.

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Abstract

一种液压工具（1），其包括工作单元（30），其适于对工件进行操作；驱动单元（20），其构造成对工作单元（30）进行驱动，并且包括壳体以及设置在所述壳体中且能够在初始位置与终点位置之间移动的可动部分（23、25）；连接单元（26），其连接工作单元（30）和驱动单元（20）；以及切换装置（10），其能够在第一位置与第二位置之间旋转，当切换装置在第一位置时，驱动单元的可动部分具有从初始位置至终点位置的第一行程；当切换装置在第二位置时，驱动单元的可动部分具有比第一行程小的第二行程。该液压工具能够变更行程，适于多种应用场合或工件。

Description

液压工具
本申请要求于2016年1月5日提交中国专利局、申请号分别为201610003933.5和201620005440.0的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液压工具，特别是一种用于诸如管的工件的液压工具。
背景技术
本部分的内容仅提供了与本公开相关的背景信息，其可能并不构成现有技术。
通常，用于压接诸如管的工件的液压工具(在一些情况下也称为压接工具)包括工作单元(在一些情况下也称为压接单元)、用于驱动工作单元来对工件进行处理的驱动单元、以及将工作单元连接至驱动单元的连接单元。驱动单元往往是液压式驱动单元，其包括液压缸、容置在液压缸中的活塞和活塞杆，此处将活塞和活塞杆统称为可动部分。在液压工具组装完成之后，驱动单元的可动部分往往具有单一行程。
因此，本领域中期望一种能够变更行程和/或变更工作单元的液压工具。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种能够变更行程和/或变更工作单元的液压工具，该液压工具可以适于多种应用场合或工件。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种成本较低的液压工具。
上述目的中的一个或多个可以通过下述方案实现：一种液压工具包括工作单元、驱动单元、连接单元和切换装置。工作单元适于对工件进行操作。驱动单元构造成对工作单元进行驱动，并且包括壳体以及设置在所述壳体中且能够在初始位置与终点位置之间移动的可动部分。连接单元连 接工作单元和驱动单元。切换装置能够在第一位置与第二位置之间旋转。当切换装置在第一位置时，驱动单元的可动部分具有从初始位置至终点位置的第一行程；当切换装置在第二位置时，驱动单元的可动部分具有比第一行程小的第二行程。
优选地，所述切换装置为设置在所述连接单元的外表面上的套筒。
优选地，所述切换装置包括止挡件。当所述切换装置在所述第一位置时，所述切换装置的所述止挡件不阻碍所述驱动单元的所述可动部分的移动使得所述可动部分能够在所述初始位置与所述终点位置之间移动。当所述切换装置在所述第二位置时，所述切换装置的所述止挡件能够将所述驱动单元的所述可动部分止挡在位于所述初始位置与所述终点位置之间的中间位置处使得所述可动部分能够在所述中间位置与所述终点位置之间移动。
优选地，所述液压工具还包括用于驱动所述工作单元的驱动件，所述驱动件安装在托架上，所述托架固定地安装在所述驱动单元的活塞杆的端部处，所述切换装置的所述止挡件构造成用于止挡所述托架。
优选地，所述止挡件为从所述套筒的内表面延伸出的凸出件，所述凸出件与所述套筒一体地形成，或者与所述套筒分开地形成并安装至所述套筒。
优选地，所述液压工具还包括将所述切换装置定位在所述第一位置和/或所述第二位置的定位装置。
优选地，所述定位装置包括球和用于对所述球施加偏置力的弹性件。所述连接单元中设置有用于容置所述球和所述弹性件的容置部。所述切换装置中设置有第一孔和第二孔。当所述切换装置位于第一位置时，所述弹性件迫压所述球使得所述球抵靠所述第一孔；当所述切换装置位于第二位置时，所述弹性件迫压所述球使得所述球抵靠所述第二孔。
优选地，所述液压工具还包括用于限定所述切换装置的轴向位置的限位装置。
优选地，所述限位装置包括邻近所述切换装置的一端设置的卡圈和/或邻近所述切换装置的另一端且位于所述连接单元的外表面上的台阶部。
优选地，所述连接单元包括基体部、从所述基体部平行地延伸的第一支腿和第二支腿。所述工作单元安装在所述第一支腿和所述第二支腿之间。所述基体部连接至所述驱动单元，或者为所述驱动单元的一部分。
可选地，所述切换装置包括基体部、从所述基体部平行地延伸的第一支腿和第二支腿。当所述切换装置处于所述第一位置时，在所述切换装置的所述第一支腿与所述第二支腿之间形成的第一凹入部与在所述连接单元的所述第一支腿和第二支腿之间形成的第二凹入部对准。当所述切换装置处于所述第二位置时，所述切换装置的所述第一支腿和/或所述第二支腿至少部分地遮住所述连接单元的所述第二凹入部。这样的结构对于不同规格的工作单元而言具有更好的适应性。
当所述切换装置处于所述第一位置时，所述可动部分的所述第一行程在90mm至265mm之间，优选地为100mm。
此外，当所述切换装置处于所述第二位置时，所述可动部分的所述第二行程在35mm至50mm之间，优选地为41mm。
根据本发明的液压工具可以是压接工具或者剪切工具，特别地，可以是用于管状工件的压接工具或者剪切工具。
附图说明
通过以下参照附图的描述，本发明的一个或几个实施方式的特征和优点将变得更加容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具的立体示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具的纵剖示意图，其中液压工具的切换装置处于第一旋转位置并且辊子处于初始位置；
图3是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具的纵剖示意图，其中液压工具的切换装置处于第一旋转位置并且辊子处于终点位置；
图4是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具的纵剖示意图，其中液压工具的切换装置处于第二旋转位置并且辊子处于中间位置；
图5是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具的纵剖示意图，其中液压工具的切换装置处于第二旋转位置并且辊子处于终点位置；
图6示出了根据本发明实施方式的切换装置和驱动单元的缸头的组件的示意图，其中切换装置处于第一旋转位置；
图7是图6的剖面示意图；
图8是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具配备有大工作单元的示意图，其中切换装置处于第一旋转位置；
图9示出了根据本发明实施方式的切换装置和驱动单元的缸头的组件的示意图，其中切换装置处于第二旋转位置；
图10是图9的剖面示意图；
图11是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具配备有小工作单元的示意图，其中切换装置处于第二旋转位置；以及
图12是根据本发明实施方式的连接单元的示意图；
图13是当切换装置处于第一旋转位置时切换装置和缸头的剖面图；
图14是将切换装置定位在第一旋转位置处的示意图；
图15是当切换装置处于第二旋转位置时切换装置和缸头的剖面图；以及
图16是将切换装置定位在第二旋转位置处的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对优选实施方式的描述仅仅是示范性的，而绝不是对本发明及其应用或用法的限制。在各个附图中采用相同的附图标记来表示相同的部件，因此相同部件的构造将不再重复描述。
下面参见图1至图10对根据本发明实施方式的液压工具进行描述。应理解的是，为了说明性目的，本文以对管进行操作的压接工具为例来说明本发明的原理。然而，本发明并不局限于压接工具，例如，本发明还可以应用于夹钳工具、剪切工具、挤压工具等。
参见图1，其示出了根据本发明实施方式的用于对管进行压接的压接工具。如图1所示，根据本发明实施方式的压接工具1可以是手持式 电动工具的形式。压接工具1可以包括压接单元(或称为工作单元)30、驱动单元20以及位于压接单元30和驱动单元20之间的连接单元26。压接单元30可以构造成对诸如管的工件进行压接。驱动单元20可以构造成驱动压接单元30。
参见图2，其是根据本发明实施方式的液压工具的纵剖示意图。如图2所示，压接单元30包括两个压接构件31和33。这两个压接构件31和33可以是板的形式，在一个平面中并排且相邻地设置。优选地，压接构件31和33可以具有大致相同的结构，且关于其间的轴线大致对称，其中，所述轴线大致垂直于待压接工件(例如，管)的纵向轴线并且可以称为对称轴线。在此，为了方便描述，将压接构件31和33的彼此相邻的侧(面)称为内侧(面)，而将其彼此远离的侧(面)称为外侧(面)；将压接构件31和33的邻近驱动单元的端(部)称为内端(部)，而将远离驱动单元的端(部)称为外端(部)。
压接构件31和33各自包括压接部和用于驱动压接部的驱动部。压接构件31和33的压接部靠近外端部并且在内侧面上包括压接面311和331，工件被容置在由压接构件31和33的压接面311和331形成的空间中。压接构件31和33的驱动部靠近驱动单元并且在内侧面上包括凸轮面(或称为从动面)312和332。
可以通过销连接方式将压接构件31和33安装在两个侧板35之间。如图所示，通过销34将压接构件33连接在两个侧板35之间，通过销32将压接构件31连接在两个侧板35之间。这样，当凸轮面312和332被驱动单元驱动时，压接构件31围绕销32枢转，并且压接构件33围绕销34枢转。即，凸轮面312和332彼此远离地枢转时，压接面311和331则朝向彼此地枢转，反之亦然。
在图示的示例中，侧板35呈大致T形，包括横向部和腿部。在横向部的两端处分别设置有用于接收销32和34的孔，而在腿部的自由端部附近设置有用于接收销36的孔，其中，销36用于将压接单元30连接至连接单元26并进而连接至驱动单元20。
驱动单元20可以是液压驱动单元。在一个示例中，驱动单元20可以包括具有内部空腔的缸体21以及容置在缸体的空腔中的在液压作用下可移动的可动部分。缸体21在某些示例中可以为驱动单元的壳体。 缸体21也可以称为驱动单元20的不动部分。在液压驱动单元的情况下，可动部分可以包括活塞23和连接至活塞23且随活塞23移动的活塞杆25。
当向液压缸体中填充高压流体时，活塞23和活塞杆25在高压流体的推动下朝向压接单元30移动。当压接工具未操作时，活塞23和活塞杆25处于初始位置(如图2所示)。在压接工具进行压接期间，对应于活塞23和活塞杆25的最大行程的位置被称为终点位置(如图3所示)。也就是说，活塞23和活塞杆25在初始位置和终点位置之间可移动。在活塞23和活塞杆25移动的同时，活塞23和活塞杆25推动压接构件31和33的驱动部(即，凸轮面312和332)分别围绕销32和34枢转，从而对容置在由压接构件31和33的压接面311和331限定的空间中的工件进行压接。在一个示例中，还可以在活塞杆25上设置有弹簧27，弹簧27与高压流体的液压力相反地对活塞25施加弹力，以在泄压之后迫使活塞25能够返回至初始位置。
在一个示例中，还可以在活塞杆25的自由端部处设置用于分别推动压接构件31和33的驱动件，例如，辊子22。辊子22可以以如下方式安装至活塞杆25：当活塞杆25平移时，辊子22可以围绕其自身的中心轴线滚动，但不会相对于活塞杆25平移。辊子22以滚动的方式作用于压接构件31和33的凸轮面312和332上，可以大大地减小辊子22与凸轮面312和332之间的摩擦，从而减小了能量耗损且减小了辊子22、凸轮面312和332的磨损。
在驱动单元与压接单元之间可以设置有连接单元。连接单元可以是单独的构件并固定连接至驱动单元或工作单元，或者可以是驱动单元或工作单元的一部分。例如，连接单元为液压驱动单元的缸头。参见图12，其是根据本发明实施方式的连接单元的示意图。如图所示，连接单元26包括基体部265、从所述基体部265延伸的第一支腿261、以及从基体部265平行于第一支腿261地延伸的第二支腿263。压接单元30被置于第一支腿261和第二支腿263之间。在图示示例中，连接单元26为驱动单元20的一部分。例如，连接单元26的基体部265与驱动单元的缸体或壳体一体地形成。
在第一支腿261中靠近其自由端部处可以设置有通孔262，并且在第二支腿263中靠近其自由端部处可以设置有通孔264，使得通过将销 36***第一支腿261中的通孔262、侧板35中的相应的孔以及第二支腿263中的通孔264中而将压接单元30可拆卸地连接至连接单元26。
为便于将辊子22安装至活塞杆25，可以设置有托架24。托架24固定地安装至活塞杆25，并且将辊子22以可转动的方式安装至托架24上，由此经由托架24将辊子22连接至活塞杆25。在设置有辊子和托架的情况下，辊子和托架也被认为是驱动单元的可动部分。辊子22和托架24随着活塞杆25一起平移，因此，辊子22和托架24的行程与活塞杆25和活塞23的行程相同，其在本文中也被称为可动部分的行程。
根据本发明的液压工具还包括使可动部分在长行程和短行程之间进行切换的切换装置。参见附图，切换装置10设置在连接单元26的外表面上并邻近液压驱动单元20的液压腔。根据本发明的切换装置10可以在第一位置与第二位置之间旋转。
参见图6和图7，切换装置10处于第一位置，并且托架24处于初始位置。在初始位置处，托架24抵靠连接单元26的止挡部266。当向液压腔中填充高压流体时，流体的压力推动活塞23移动，活塞23带动活塞杆25、托架24以及辊子22一起移动。此时，托架24远离止挡部266朝向压接单元30移动。压接构件31和33分别围绕销32和34枢转以对工件进行压接操作。当达到期望的压接水平时，液压腔内的流体压力达到最大值，可动部分也处于终点位置处。这时，泄压阀打开，液压腔内的流体压力下降。在弹簧27的作用下，活塞23返回直至托架24抵靠止挡部266而处于初始位置。当切换装置10处于第一位置时，驱动单元20的可动部分移动了从初始位置至终点位置的第一行程。
参见图9和图10，切换装置10处于第二位置。切换装置10的内表面上设置有止挡件166。如图10所示，托架24被止挡件166止挡在位于其初始位置和终点位置之间的中间位置处。即，由于止挡件166的存在，使得托架24不能返回至如图7所示的初始位置处。在这种情况下，当向液压腔中填充高压流体时，流体的压力推动活塞23移动，活塞23带动活塞杆25、托架24以及辊子22一起移动。此时，托架24从图10所示的中间位置开始朝向压接单元30移动。压接构件31和33分别围绕销32和34枢转以对工件进行压接操作。当达到期望的压接水平时，液压腔内的流体压力达到最大值，可动部分也处于终点位置处。这时，泄压阀打开，液压腔内的流体压力下降。在弹簧27的作用下，活塞23 返回直至托架24抵靠止挡件166而处于图10所示的中间位置。当切换装置10处于第二位置时，驱动单元20的可动部分移动了从中间位置至终点位置的第二行程，该第二行程小于上述第一行程。第一行程可以在90mm与265mm之间，优选地为100mm。第二行程可以在35mm与50mm之间，优选地为41mm。
通过将切换装置10从第一位置旋转至第二位置可以改变驱动单元20的可动部分的行程。根据本发明的切换装置的结构简单、操作容易。
在图示的示例中，切换装置10的邻近驱动单元20的部分具有第一内径，并且切换装置10的邻近压接单元30的部分具有第二内径，其中，第二内径大于第一内径。这样，止挡件166为台阶的形式。然而，应理解的是，止挡件166也可以是能够实现上述功能的任何其他合适的形式。例如，止挡件可以是在切换装置处于第二位置时能够对驱动单元的可动部分起到止挡作用的凸点、肩部等形式。替代性地，可以在切换装置和连接单元的适当位置处设置孔，当切换装置处于第二位置时，将销穿过这些孔***连接单元内而能够对托架24起到止挡作用。
在另一示例中，根据本发明的液压工具还可以设置有用于将切换装置定位在第一位置和/或第二位置的定位装置。图14是将切换装置定位在第一旋转位置处的示意图；图16是将切换装置定位在第二旋转位置处的示意图。下面参见图14和图16来描述根据本发明实施方式的定位装置。
根据本发明实施方式的定位装置包括球220和弹簧(弹性件)230。在连接单元26中设置有用于容置球220和弹簧230的容置部267。在图示的示例中，切换装置10设置在连接单元26的外部。容置部267为径向延伸的孔的形式，球220和弹簧230容置在该孔中，其中，球220在弹簧230的径向外侧。弹簧230将球220径向向外地偏置，即，朝向切换单元10偏置。切换装置10中设置有第一孔101和第二孔102。当切换装置10位于第一位置时，弹簧230迫压球220使得球220抵靠第一孔101(如图15所示)。当切换装置10位于第二位置时，弹簧230迫压球220使得球220抵靠第二孔102(如图16所示)。当球220抵靠第一孔101或第二孔102时，可以防止切换装置10相对于连接单元26发生旋转。
在根据本发明的另一实施方式中，液压工具还可以包括用于限定切 换装置的轴向位置的限位装置。如图所示，根据本发明实施方式的限位装置包括邻近切换装置10的一端的卡圈210。如图9所示，卡圈210安装在连接单元26上。另外，可以在连接单元26的外表面上邻近切换装置10的另一个端面处设置台阶部268，以防止切换装置10沿轴向方向朝向图9中的左侧移动。
另外，根据本发明的切换装置的结构还可以设置成允许更换不同规格的工作单元。下面参见图6、8、9和11来描述根据本发明另一实施方式的切换装置。
如图6、8、9和11所示，切换装置10大体呈筒状，并且具有与连接单元26相似的结构。切换装置10可以包括基体部165、从基体部165延伸的第一支腿161、以及从基体部165平行于第一支腿161地延伸的第二支腿163。应理解的是，切换装置10可以具有大于180度的圆周，只要其可以安装在连接单元上且能够相对于连接单元旋转即可。
当切换装置10处于如图6所示的第一位置时，在切换装置10的第一支腿161与第二支腿163之间形成的第一凹入部与在连接单元26的第一支腿261和第二支腿263之间形成的第二凹入部径向对准，以容置长的压接构件31和33(如图8和图13所示)。
当切换装置10处于如图9所示的第二位置时，切换装置10的第一支腿161和第二支腿163遮住连接单元26的第二凹入部的一部分，仅允许容置较短的压接构件31和33(如图11和图15所示)。
图2和图3为安装有长压接构件的压接工具的纵剖示意图，其中，驱动单元的可动部分在图2中处于初始位置而在图3中则处于终点位置。图4和图5为安装有短压接构件的压接工具的纵剖示意图，其中，驱动单元的可动部分在图4中处于中间位置而在图5中则处于终点位置。通过对比可知，驱动单元的可动部分在图2和图3中的行程大于在图4和图5中的行程。因此，根据本发明的切换装置不仅可以改变驱动单元的可动部分的行程而且可以更换不同规格的液压工具。
应理解的是，根据本发明的切换装置的结构不局限于图示的结构，只要能够实现上述功能即可。
上面的描述的目的仅在于参照附图的优选实施方式对本发明的原 理和各个部分的功能进行描述，然而，应理解的是本发明并不局限于图示的实施方式，只要液压工具的各个部分的结构可以实现上述功能和目的即可。在不背离本发明的范围的情况下，可以对上述实施方式做出很多改变。另外，所有在此描述的构件都可以由其他技术性上等同的构件来代替。本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求进行限定。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种液压工具(1)，其包括：
    工作单元(30)，所述工作单元(30)适于对工件进行操作；
    驱动单元(20)，所述驱动单元(20)构造成对所述工作单元(30)进行驱动，并且包括壳体以及设置在所述壳体中且能够在初始位置与终点位置之间移动的可动部分(23、25)；
    连接单元(26)，所述连接单元(26)连接所述工作单元(30)和所述驱动单元(20)；以及
    切换装置(10)，所述切换装置(10)能够在第一位置与第二位置之间旋转，
    其中，当所述切换装置在所述第一位置时，所述驱动单元的所述可动部分具有从所述初始位置至所述终点位置的第一行程，
    当所述切换装置在所述第二位置时，所述驱动单元的所述可动部分具有比所述第一行程小的第二行程。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述切换装置为设置在所述连接单元的外表面上的套筒。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述切换装置(10)包括止挡件(166)，
    当所述切换装置(10)在所述第一位置时，所述切换装置的所述止挡件不阻碍所述驱动单元的所述可动部分的移动使得所述可动部分能够在所述初始位置与所述终点位置之间移动，
    当所述切换装置在所述第二位置时，所述切换装置的所述止挡件能够将所述驱动单元的所述可动部分止挡在位于所述初始位置与所述终点位置之间的中间位置处使得所述可动部分能够在所述中间位置与所述终点位置之间移动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述液压工具还包括用于驱动所述工作单元的驱动件(22)，所述驱动件安装在托架(24)上，所述托架固定地安装在所述驱动单元的活塞杆的端部处，所述切换装置的所述止挡件构造成用于止挡所述托架。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述止挡件为从所述套筒的内表面延伸出的凸出件，所述凸出件与所述套筒一体地形成，或者与所述套筒分开地形成并安装至所述套筒。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述液压工具还包括将所述切换装置定位在所述第一位置和/或所述第二位置的定位装置。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述定位装置包括球(220)和用于对所述球施加偏置力的弹性件(230)，
    所述连接单元(26)中设置有用于容置所述球和所述弹性件的容置部(267)，
    所述切换装置中设置有第一孔(101)和第二孔(102)，其中，当所述切换装置位于第一位置时，所述弹性件迫压所述球使得所述球抵靠所述第一孔；当所述切换装置位于第二位置时，所述弹性件迫压所述球使得所述球抵靠所述第二孔。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述液压工具还包括用于限定所述切换装置的轴向位置的限位装置。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述限位装置包括邻近所述切换装置的一端设置的卡圈(210)和/或邻近所述切换装置的另一端且位于所述连接单元(26)的外表面上的台阶部(268)。
  10. 如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述连 接单元(26)包括基体部(265)、从所述基体部(265)平行地延伸的第一支腿(261)和第二支腿(263)，
    其中，所述工作单元(30)安装在所述第一支腿和所述第二支腿之间；并且
    所述基体部(265)连接至所述驱动单元(20)，或者为所述驱动单元(20)的一部分。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述切换装置(10)包括基体部(165)、从所述基体部(165)平行地延伸的第一支腿(161)和第二支腿(163)，
    当所述切换装置处于所述第一位置时，在所述切换装置(10)的所述第一支腿(161)与所述第二支腿(163)之间形成的第一凹入部(169)与在所述连接单元(26)的所述第一支腿(261)和第二支腿(263)之间形成的第二凹入部(269)对准，
    当所述切换装置处于所述第二位置时，所述切换装置(10)的所述第一支腿(161)和/或所述第二支腿(163)至少部分地遮住所述连接单元的所述第二凹入部。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的液压工具(1)，其中，当所述切换装置处于所述第一位置时，所述可动部分(23、25)的所述第一行程在90mm至265mm之间。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的液压工具(1)，其中，当所述切换装置处于所述第一位置时，所述可动部分(23、25)的所述第一行程为100mm。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的液压工具(1)，其中，当所述切换装置处于所述第二位置时，所述可动部分(23、25)的所述第二行程在35mm至50mm之间。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的液压工具(1)，其中，当所述切换装置处于 所述第二位置时，所述可动部分(23、25)的所述第二行程为41mm。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的液压工具(1)，其中，所述液压工具是压接工具、夹钳工具或者剪切工具。
PCT/CN2017/074719 2016-01-05 2017-02-24 液压工具 WO2017118444A1 (zh)

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