WO2017115611A1 - Method for manufacturing access step device, and access step device - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing access step device, and access step device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017115611A1
WO2017115611A1 PCT/JP2016/085885 JP2016085885W WO2017115611A1 WO 2017115611 A1 WO2017115611 A1 WO 2017115611A1 JP 2016085885 W JP2016085885 W JP 2016085885W WO 2017115611 A1 WO2017115611 A1 WO 2017115611A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lifting
portions
construction machine
manufacturing
metal plate
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Application number
PCT/JP2016/085885
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
義康 日下
清水　健司
Original Assignee
株式会社タダノ
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Publication of WO2017115611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017115611A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D47/00—Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R3/00—Arrangements of steps or ladders facilitating access to or on the vehicle, e.g. running-boards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an elevating step provided in a construction machine such as a mobile crane and the elevating step.
  • Patent Document 1 a step device provided on the side of a vehicle in order to move up and down in a cabin of a mobile crane is known (see Patent Document 1).
  • the step device includes a bracket attached to the side edge of the vehicle, and a first step plate and a second step plate attached to the bracket.
  • the first step plate and the second step plate are rotatably attached to the first horizontal support shaft and the second horizontal support shaft attached to the bracket, and are rotated upward and horizontally from the overhanging position. It can be moved to the storage position.
  • the front end of the first step plate that is in front of the first horizontal axis and the front end of the second step plate that is in front of the second horizontal axis are connected by a rod, and the first step plate and the second step plate Are moved to the extended position and the retracted position in synchronization with this rod.
  • the first step plate is biased toward the storage position by a gas spring.
  • This step device has a complicated structure because the first step plate and the second step plate can be moved to the extended position and the retracted position in synchronization.
  • an ascending / descending step composed of a pair of opposing strut members extending in the vertical direction and a plurality of step members provided between the strut members.
  • the latter elevating step has a problem that the structure is simple, but the support member and step member are separate parts, and thus the number of parts is large.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an elevating step manufacturing method and an elevating step that can reduce the number of parts and have a simple structure.
  • a first aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a lifting step for a construction machine, comprising a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the struts.
  • the third aspect of the present invention is formed from a single metal plate in which a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the struts are deployed. It is the raising / lowering step for construction machines characterized by these. That is, when the elevating step of the present invention is developed in a flat plate shape, a pair of opposing strut portions extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the strut portions are arranged in the thickness direction of the flat plate. There are no overlapping parts, they are connected together, and there are no isolated parts.
  • the number of parts in the lifting step can be reduced, and the structure can be simplified.
  • FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. It is the front view which showed the raising / lowering step of 3rd Example. It is the top view which showed the step part of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the raising / lowering step of 4th Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the expanded view which expand
  • FIG. 4 It is sectional drawing which shows the bottom face and protrusion part of a person's shoe which goes up and down by putting a foot on the raising / lowering step. It is a schematic diagram which shows the protrusion part formed by the trapezoidal outline shape. It is a schematic diagram which shows the protrusion part formed with the triangular outline shape. It is a perspective view which shows the raising / lowering step of the other Example which made the front end part (front side) and the rear end part (back side) of the raising / lowering step demonstrated in FIG. 13 opposite. It is explanatory drawing equivalent to FIG. 4 which expand
  • FIG. 1 shows a rough terrain crane 10 which is an example of a construction machine provided with a lifting step according to the present invention.
  • a rough terrain crane 10 (hereinafter referred to as a crane) includes a carrier 11, a front outrigger 12, a rear outrigger 13, an elevating step 30, a swivel base 14, a cabin 20, a telescopic boom 16, and the like. ing.
  • the carrier 11 is a main body portion of a vehicle having a traveling function.
  • a pair of left and right front outriggers 12 are provided on the front side of the carrier 11.
  • a pair of left and right rear outriggers 13 are provided on the rear side of the carrier 11.
  • the raising / lowering step 30 is provided on one side surface (right side surface) 11 ⁇ / b> A of the carrier 11.
  • the swivel base 14 is attached to the upper part of the carrier 11 so as to be horizontally swivelable.
  • the cabin 20 is provided on the swivel base 14.
  • the telescopic boom 16 is attached to a bracket 15 fixed to the swivel base 14.
  • the base end of the telescopic boom 16 is attached via a support shaft 17 and can be raised and lowered around the support shaft 17.
  • a hoisting cylinder device 18 is interposed between the bracket 15 and the telescopic boom 16, and the telescopic boom 16 is hoisted by the expansion and contraction of the hoisting cylinder device 18.
  • the ascending / descending step 30 includes a pair of opposing support columns 31, 31 extending in the vertical direction and a step unit 40 provided between the support columns 31, 31. Are provided at equal intervals along the support column 31.
  • the support column 31 has a U-shaped cross-section, and includes a front wall portion 31 ⁇ / b> A, a side wall portion 31 ⁇ / b> B, and a rear wall portion 31 ⁇ / b> C.
  • a screw hole 32 for fixing to the carrier 11 is provided in the upper portion of the rear wall portion 31C.
  • Each step portion 40 includes a connecting portion 41 that connects the two support column portions 31, 31, and a tread plate portion 42 that is formed on the upper portion of the connecting portion 41 and on which a foot of a person going up and down the lifting step 30 is placed. And have.
  • Both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 are welded to the rear wall portion 31C of the column portion 31. Further, a hole 43 is formed in the tread plate portion 42, and a peripheral edge portion 43A of the hole 43 is raised as shown in FIG. 3A and functions as a slip stopper.
  • the manufacturing method which manufactures the raising / lowering step 30 from the metal plate 50 (refer FIG. 4) is demonstrated.
  • This manufacturing method has four first to fourth steps.
  • the first step is a plate cutting step in which a metal plate is punched along a developed view in which the lifting step 30 including the pair of support columns 31 and the step portion 40 is developed.
  • the second process and the third process are bending processes in which the support column part 31 and the step part 40 are bent into a predetermined cross-sectional shape. Each step will be described below.
  • First step In the first step, as shown in FIG. 4, a development view 51 in which the elevation step 30 drawn on one flat metal plate 50 is developed is drawn. In order to form the step portion 40, a punching process for punching the metal plate 50 is included.
  • parts other than the column part 31 and the step part 40 of the elevating step 30 are removed by punching based on the development drawing 51 to form a development metal plate 52 described later.
  • the punching process includes a step of cutting the metal plate 50 or making a cut.
  • a portion where cutting, cutting or punching is performed is indicated by a solid line, and a bending position is indicated by chain lines 53a and 53b.
  • the hatched portions 55, 55A, and 155 and the circular marks 132, 143 and the mark 144 indicated by solid lines indicate the punched portions.
  • the circular mark 132 corresponds to the screw hole 32
  • the circular mark 143 corresponds to the hole 43
  • the mark 144 corresponds to a punched hole 44 described later.
  • the development 51 does not necessarily have to be drawn on the metal plate 50.
  • the development 51 is stored in the memory of the processing machine, and cutting and cutting are performed based on the data of the development 51 stored in the memory. Processing or punching may be performed.
  • the developed metal plate 52 is formed by removing unnecessary portions and leaving only necessary portions by the above-described cutting processing, cutting processing, and punching processing.
  • the developed metal plate 52 has two support plate portions 53 for forming the pair of support column portions 31 and three step plate portions 54 for forming the three step portions 40. That is, the developed metal plate 52 is a single metal plate in which a pair of support columns 31 and a step unit 40 provided between the support columns 31 and 31 are deployed. And the raising / lowering step 30 is formed from this one expansion
  • a cut is made between the side edges 54 a of each step plate portion 54 and the support plate portion 53 by a cutting process that is a shearing process, and the both side edges 54 a are cut from the support plate portion 53. It is in a state.
  • the hatched portions 55 and 55A that are the predetermined range shown in FIG. 4 are punched or the hatched portion 155 is cut. That is, the hatched portions 55 and 55A are punched out at predetermined intervals along the support plate portion 53 serving as the support portion 31 (see FIG. 2).
  • a hole 43 is formed in the step plate portion 54 and a screw hole 32 is formed in the support plate portion 53.
  • the peripheral portion 43A of the hole 43 is raised by burring or the like as shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the incising process is to make two incisions downward from both ends of the lower edge of the openings 56, 56A formed by punching the hatched portions 55, 55A.
  • both side edges 54a of each step plate portion 54 are cut as described above.
  • the developed metal plate 52 can be obtained by one processing of the metal plate 50 if a press machine provided with a press die corresponding to the developed view 51 is used.
  • a 2nd process is a support
  • FIG. 4A the support plate portions 53 and 53 of the developed metal plate 52 are bent along chain lines 53a and 53b by a bending machine (not shown). Bend at a right angle.
  • U-shaped (cup-shaped) support portions 31, 31 (see FIG. 2) having a square cross section are formed.
  • the struts 31 and 31 are bent into a square U shape to ensure strength.
  • the square U-shaped cross-sectional shape has two corners. In the bending process, first, bending is performed along the chain line 53b, and then, bending is performed along the chain line 53a.
  • Reference numeral 44 denotes a punched hole.
  • the third process is a step part forming process for forming the step part 40.
  • each step plate portion 54 of the developed metal plate 52 shown in FIG. 4A is bent along a chain line 54b by a bending machine (not shown). By this bending process, each step part 40 is formed as shown in FIG.
  • the step plate portion 54 is bent from the chain line 54b to form the tread plate portion 42, and the step plate portion 54 is a predetermined portion formed by cutting.
  • both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the step plate portion 42 of the step portion 40 shown in FIG. 3 formed by bending the step plate portion 54 are welded and fixed to the rear wall portion 31C of the column portion 31. . That is, the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 of the step portion 40 is fixed to and supported by the column portion 31 by welding which is an example of a support means. Thereby, the strength of the tread plate portion 42 of the step portion 40 is maintained, and the lifting step 30 having rigidity as a whole is completed.
  • the lifting step 30 is formed by a single metal plate, the number of parts may be one, and the tread plate portion 42 is integrated with the connecting portion 41, so that the step By simply welding both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 of the portion 40, the strength of the tread plate portion 42 can be sufficiently maintained.
  • the welded portion of both end portions 42Ab of the tread plate portion 42 is a spot-like narrow region, and the welding operation is simple.
  • the conventional part is a separate part from the column part and the step part, in order to maintain a certain strength, the welding point where the step part is welded to the column part is a linear wide area. Therefore, the welding operation for welding this wide area becomes troublesome.
  • the elevating step 30 is manufactured by the first process to the fourth process, but all of the first process to the fourth process are not necessarily required.
  • the middle step portion 40 and the lowermost step portion 40 are not necessary, and the punching process for punching the hatched portions 55 and 55A (see FIG. 4) is performed. It becomes unnecessary.
  • the strength of the step plate portion 54 (step plate portion 42) bent along the chain line 54b (see FIG. 4A) is sufficiently obtained, welding is not necessary.
  • the raising / lowering step can be manufactured only by the cutting process (punching process) for forming the step part 40 and the bending process for forming the step part 40 and the column part 31.
  • the step portion 40 is formed in the third step.
  • the column portion 31 is formed. May be. That is, the second step may be performed after the third step.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show the lifting step 130 of the second embodiment.
  • the lifting step 130 is obtained by attaching an inverted U-shaped handrail 135 to the upper portion of the column 31 of the lifting step 30 shown in FIG.
  • the lower part 135A of the handrail 135 is welded to the upper part of the rear wall part 31C of the support part 31 to attach the handrail 135 to the upper part of the support part 31.
  • the manufacturing method of the raising / lowering step 130 is the method of attaching the handrail 135 to the upper part of the support
  • the elevating step 130 of the second embodiment can also obtain the same effect as the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows the raising / lowering step 230 of 3rd Example.
  • the elevating step 230 includes strut portions 231 and 231 and three step portions 240 provided between the strut portions 231 and 231.
  • the lifting / lowering step 230 of the third embodiment is such that the cross section of the column portion 231 is formed in an L shape that opens outward as shown in FIG. 8, and the column portion 231 has a side wall portion 231A and a rear wall portion 231B. Have. Due to the L-shaped cross-sectional shape, the column portion 231 has a predetermined strength. The L-shaped cross-sectional shape has one corner.
  • Protruding portions 242a and 242a projecting laterally are formed at both ends of the rear portion of the tread plate portion 242 of the step portion 240, and the projecting portions 242a and 242a are welded to the side wall portion 231A of the column portion 231 and fixed (supported).
  • Reference numeral 241 denotes a connecting portion that connects the side wall portion 231A of the column portion 231 and the side wall portion 131A of the column portion 231.
  • the elevating / lowering step 230 is manufactured from one metal plate, and the manufacturing method is manufactured by the same manufacturing method as in the first embodiment, so the description of the manufacturing method is omitted. Further, the third embodiment can obtain the same effects as the first embodiment. Moreover, since the L-shaped support
  • FIG. 9 and 10 show the raising / lowering step 330 of the fourth embodiment.
  • This lifting step 330 is provided with an inclined portion 331Cb inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the lower portion 331Ca of the rear wall portion 331C on the upper portion of the rear wall portion 331C of the support column portion 331.
  • this lifting / lowering step 330 by attaching the inclined portion 331Cb to the side surface 11A (see FIG. 1) of the carrier 11, the lower portion 331A (the column portion having the step portion 340) of the column portion 331 located below the inclined portion 331Cb. Is inclined with respect to the side surface 11A, so that the ascending / descending step 330 can be easily performed.
  • FIG. 11 shows a developed view 351 of the lifting step 330 developed on the metal plate 350.
  • the chain lines 351a and 351b of the developed view 351 showing the bent position extend in a direction perpendicular to the solid line 351A at the bottom of the developed view 351.
  • the chain line 351c formed on the chain line 351b is inclined by the angle ⁇ with respect to the chain line 351b.
  • a solid line 351B drawn in the horizontal direction at the position of the boundary between the chain line 351c and the chain line 351b indicates a cutting position.
  • the manufacturing method of the raising / lowering step 330 forms the expansion
  • FIG. 4A The manufacturing method of the raising / lowering step 330 forms the expansion
  • the step portion 340 of the elevating step 330 also has a connecting portion 341 and a tread plate portion 342, and both end portions of the rear end edge 342A of the tread plate portion 342 are welded to the rear wall portion 331C of the column portion 331.
  • the elevating step 330 of the fourth embodiment can also obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
  • the step portions 40, 240, and 340 of the first to fourth embodiments are formed by bending the tread plate portions 42, 242, and 342 on the upper portions of the connecting portions 41, 241, and 341.
  • FIG. 5 As shown in FIG. 5, if bent portions 42D, 242D, 342D bent downward are formed at rear end portions (left end portions in FIG. 12) of the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342, the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342 are further formed.
  • the strength can be increased. That is, if the rear end portions of the step portions 40, 240, and 340 are bent downward, the strength of the step portions 40, 240, and 340 can be increased.
  • the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342 are bent at the lower portions of the connecting portions 41, 241, 341, and the bent portions are bent upward at the rear end portions of the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342.
  • the portions 42E, 242E, and 342E may be formed. That is, the rear end portions of the step portions 40 ', 240', 340 'are bent upward.
  • the step portions 40 ', 240', and 340 ' are formed based on a development view similar to the development view in which the top and bottom of the development view 51 of the metal plate 50 shown in FIG. Two cuts are made upward from both ends of the upper edge of each opening formed by the punching process (opening when the developed metal plate 52 shown in FIG. 4A is turned upside down). Then, the step plate portions 42, 242, and 342 are bent and the bent portions 42E, 242E, and 342E bent upward at the rear end portions of the step plate portions 42, 242, and 342 are bent to form the step portion. 40 ', 240', and 340 'are formed.
  • the cross sections of the column portions 31, 231, 331 of the first to fourth embodiments are formed in a square U shape or L shape, but are not limited to this, for example, a curved shape such as a circle or an S shape. It may be formed in a shape or a combination of these. That is, any shape may be used as long as the shape provides a predetermined strength, that is, a shape having at least one corner or curved portion.
  • both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 are welded and fixed to the rear wall portion 31C of the column portion 31 (the second embodiment to the fourth embodiment are also welded in the same manner).
  • the rear wall portions 31C and 331C and the side wall portion 231A are cut and raised (support means) K1, and the rear end portions of the tread portions 42, 242, and 342 are supported by the cut and raised K1. You may make it make it.
  • FIG.15 and FIG.16 shows the raising / lowering steps 430 and 530 of another example.
  • These elevating steps 430 and 530 have one step part 440 and 540, and can form the step parts 440 and 540 and the column parts 431 and 531 by the cutting process (punching process) and the bending process.
  • the raising / lowering step is shown.
  • pillar part 431 formed in a bending process.
  • the rear wall portion 431C is cut and raised (support means) K2, and the side edge portion of the tread plate portion 442 is supported by the cut and raised K2.
  • a metal plate (not shown) is cut to form the tread plate portion 542 so that the upper portion of the column portion 531 is connected by the connecting portion 550. It is. Since others are the same as the raising / lowering step 430 of FIG. 15, the description thereof is omitted.
  • a plurality of step portions 540 may be formed by making a plurality of the cuts along the support column portion 531.
  • the lifting step for forming a plurality of step portions 540 is longer than that shown in FIG.
  • the column portions 431 and 531 of the elevating steps 430 and 530 are formed in a U shape with a square cross section, but may be formed in an L shape, and each column portion 431 and 531 is formed.
  • These cross-sectional shapes may be formed in a circular shape, a curved shape such as an S shape, or a combination thereof. That is, any shape may be used as long as the shape provides a predetermined strength, that is, a shape having at least one corner or curved portion.
  • a protruding portion that exhibits a non-slip function can be formed in a region corresponding to the front end edge of the stepped portion of the step portion. That is, for example, the raising / lowering step 30 ′ shown in FIG. 17 is located above the surface of the tread plate portion 42 in the region corresponding to the front edge 42 B of the tread portion 42 of the raising / lowering step 30 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. For example, six projecting portions 60 projecting from each other are formed between the two support column portions 31, 31.
  • protruding portions 60 are not formed on the tread plate portion 42, but are formed so that a part of the upper end of the connecting portion 41 connected to the front end edge 42B of the tread plate portion 42 protrudes upward.
  • two protrusions 60 intersect with a front end edge 42B (corresponding to a chain line 54b to be bent in FIG. 4A) that is a boundary between the tread plate part 42 and the connecting part 41.
  • the outline is formed in a semi-rectangular shape.
  • the vertical cuts 61 and 61 and the horizontal cuts 62 that form these protrusions 60 are formed by the cutting process of the first step described in the first embodiment.
  • the protruding portion 60 is in the same plane as the connecting portion 41 by bending except for the protruding portion 60. It remains without being bent together with the connecting portion 41. Thereby, the protrusion part 60 will be in the state protruded upwards with respect to the surface of the bent tread part 42.
  • the projecting portion 60 generates a strong frictional force with the bottom surface 210 of the person's shoe 200 that goes up and down by putting his / her foot on the elevating / lowering step 30 ′, and functions as an anti-slip. Demonstrate.
  • the protrusion 60 forms the two vertical cuts 61 and 61 and the horizontal cut 62 at the same time as the other cuts are formed in the first step.
  • the cycle time of the manufacturing process is not extended and the manufacturing cost is hardly increased, which is very useful.
  • the vertical cut 61 is formed so as to intersect the front end edge 42B when forming the contour shape of the protrusion 60.
  • the vertical cut 61 does not intersect the front end edge 42B. It can also be formed only above the front edge 42B.
  • the direction in which the vertical cut 61 is formed to intersect the front end edge 42B is less susceptible to the bending of the tread plate portion 42 in the third step.
  • the raising / lowering step 30 'of this embodiment has the semi-rectangular outline shape of the protrusion part 60, it is not limited to this shape. That is, the protruding portion 60 only has to protrude above the surface of the tread plate portion 42. Therefore, in addition to the semi-rectangular contour shape shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the trapezoidal contour shape shown in FIG. It may be a triangular outline shape shown in FIG. 21, or other shapes (arc shape, other curved shape, shape connected by a plurality of straight lines).
  • the lifting step 30 'of the present embodiment is such that the protruding portion 60 is formed only in a region corresponding to the front end edge 42B of the tread plate portion 42, but the rear end portion is further bent as shown in FIG. Then, you may form the protrusion part 60 also in the area
  • the lower foot When going up and down the ascending / descending step 30 ', the lower foot may be in a state where the bottom surface 210 of the shoe 200 rests on the rear edge 42A of the tread portion 42. In this case, The protrusion 60 formed in the region corresponding to the end edge 42A is effective as a slip stopper.
  • the contour shape of the front end edge which is bent upward is projected as a semi-rectangular shape or the other shapes described above.
  • the unit 60 may be used.
  • the contour shape of the protrusion 60 can be formed as an outer contour in the punching process, not by cutting.
  • FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an elevating step 630 of another embodiment in which the front end portion (front side) and the rear end portion (back side) of the elevating step described in FIG. 13 are reversed.
  • This lifting step 630 is similar to the lifting step of the embodiment described above, with two flat metal parts 501, 631 and three step parts 640, 640, by one flat metal plate 50 shown in FIG. 640 is formed.
  • connection part 641 which connects the two support
  • the free end is bent so that it is on the near side. That is, the front end portion 643 of the step portion 640 is the tip of the bent step portion 640.
  • the raising / lowering step 630 is bent at a chain line 640A corresponding to the rear edge shown in FIG. 23 and a chain line 640B corresponding to the front edge, and the front edge 643A faces upward. And the protrusion part 60 which functions as a slip stopper is formed in this front-end edge 643A. As in the case where the protrusion 60 is formed in the structure shown in FIG. 13, the protrusion 60 is not formed by cutting the outline shape, but is formed as an outer outline in the step of punching the hatched portions 55 and 55A. be able to. And the raising / lowering step 630 formed in this way also exhibits the same effect as the raising / lowering step of each Example mentioned above.
  • the lifting step 630 has a bottom plate as compared with the lifting step of the other embodiments in which the rounded U-shaped opening faces downward.
  • Rainwater, mud, etc. collected on 642 are difficult to be discharged. Therefore, it is preferable to form a hole or the like in the bottom plate 642 for discharging water, mud, or the like downward.
  • the raising / lowering step of each embodiment described above was formed from a single metal plate in which a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step part provided between the struts were deployed.
  • it is not limited to those manufactured by the manufacturing method described above. That is, when the elevating step of each embodiment is developed in a flat plate shape, a pair of opposing strut portions extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the strut portions are arranged in the thickness direction of the flat plate. It is sufficient if there are no overlapping parts, they are connected and integrated, and there is no isolated part. This eliminates the need for a process for joining isolated parts with sufficient strength, or even if they are joined, it can be easily formed by adding fewer joints than when joining isolated parts with sufficient strength. can do.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are a method for manufacturing an access step device, and an access step device. In order to reduce the number of parts, an access step device comprises a pair of vertically extending facing supports (31) and steps (40) provided between the supports (31). A method for manufacturing the access step device has: a support forming step for forming the pair of supports (31) by bending both ends of a single metal sheet; a cutting step for forming , in the metal sheet, cuts for forming the steps (40); and a step forming step for forming the steps (40) by bending the tread plate sections (42) of the steps (40) formed by the cuts formed by the cutting step.

Description

昇降ステップの製造方法及び昇降ステップLifting step manufacturing method and lifting step
　この発明は、例えば移動式クレーンなどの建設機械に設ける昇降ステップの製造方法とその昇降ステップに関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an elevating step provided in a construction machine such as a mobile crane and the elevating step.
　従来から、移動式クレーンのキャビンに昇降するために車両の側方に設けるステップ装置が知られている（特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, a step device provided on the side of a vehicle in order to move up and down in a cabin of a mobile crane is known (see Patent Document 1).
　かかるステップ装置は、車両の側縁部に取り付けたブラケットと、このブラケットに取り付けられる第１ステップ板及び第２ステップ板とを備えている。第１ステップ板、第２ステップ板は、ブラケットに取り付けられた第１水平支軸、第２水平支軸に回動可能に取り付けられており、水平に張り出した張出位置と上方へ回動させた格納位置とに移動可能となっている。 The step device includes a bracket attached to the side edge of the vehicle, and a first step plate and a second step plate attached to the bracket. The first step plate and the second step plate are rotatably attached to the first horizontal support shaft and the second horizontal support shaft attached to the bracket, and are rotated upward and horizontally from the overhanging position. It can be moved to the storage position.
　第１水平軸より前側となる第１ステップ板の先端部と、第２水平軸より前側となる第２ステップ板の先端部とはロッドで接続されており、第１ステップ板、第２ステップ板はこのロッドにより同期して張出位置と格納位置へ移動される。また、第１ステップ板は、ガススプリングによって格納位置側に付勢されるようになっている。 The front end of the first step plate that is in front of the first horizontal axis and the front end of the second step plate that is in front of the second horizontal axis are connected by a rod, and the first step plate and the second step plate Are moved to the extended position and the retracted position in synchronization with this rod. The first step plate is biased toward the storage position by a gas spring.
　このステップ装置は、第１ステップ板、第２ステップ板が同期して張出位置と格納位置とに移動が可能となっていることにより、構造が複雑なものとなっている。 This step device has a complicated structure because the first step plate and the second step plate can be moved to the extended position and the retracted position in synchronization.
　構造を簡単にしたものとして、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部材と、この支柱部材の間に設けられた複数のステップ部材とから構成された昇降ステップが提案されている。 As a simplified structure, there has been proposed an ascending / descending step composed of a pair of opposing strut members extending in the vertical direction and a plurality of step members provided between the strut members.
特開２００１－７１８１５号公報JP 2001-71815 A
　しかしながら、後者の昇降ステップは、構成は簡単であるが支柱部材やステップ部材は別部品であるため部品点数が多いという問題がある。 However, the latter elevating step has a problem that the structure is simple, but the support member and step member are separate parts, and thus the number of parts is large.
　この発明の目的は、部品点数を少なくすることができ、構造が簡単な昇降ステップの製造方法と、昇降ステップを提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide an elevating step manufacturing method and an elevating step that can reduce the number of parts and have a simple structure.
　本発明の第１は、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とを備えた建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法であって、一枚の金属板から前記支柱部と前記ステップ部とを有する前記昇降ステップの展開形状を打ち抜く打抜工程と、前記打抜工程によって展開形状に形成された展開金属板を折り曲げて前記支柱部及び前記ステップ部を形成する折曲工程とを有する。 A first aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a lifting step for a construction machine, comprising a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the struts. A punching step of punching out the developed shape of the lifting step having the support column and the step unit from a sheet of metal plate, and bending the expanded metal plate formed in the expanded shape by the punching step, And a bending step of forming a step portion.
　本発明の第２は、相対向する一対の支柱部及び前記支柱部間を連結するステップ部からなる昇降ステップを展開した展開図に沿って金属板を切断加工する板取工程と、前記支柱部及び前記ステップ部を所定の断面形状に折り曲げる折曲工程とを有することを特徴とする建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法である。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plate removing step of cutting a metal plate along a developed view in which an ascending / descending step including a pair of strut portions facing each other and a step portion connecting between the strut portions is developed, the strut portion, It is a manufacturing method of the raising / lowering step for construction machines characterized by having the bending process which bends the said step part in predetermined cross-sectional shape.
　また、本発明の第３は、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とが展開配置された一枚の金属板から形成されたことを特徴とする建設機械用の昇降ステップである。すなわち、本発明の昇降ステップは、平板状に展開したとき、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とは、平板の厚さ方向に重なる部分がなく、一体に繋がり、孤立した部分が無い。 Further, the third aspect of the present invention is formed from a single metal plate in which a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the struts are deployed. It is the raising / lowering step for construction machines characterized by these. That is, when the elevating step of the present invention is developed in a flat plate shape, a pair of opposing strut portions extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the strut portions are arranged in the thickness direction of the flat plate. There are no overlapping parts, they are connected together, and there are no isolated parts.
　本発明によれば、昇降ステップの部品点数を少なくすることができ、構造を簡単にすることができる。 According to the present invention, the number of parts in the lifting step can be reduced, and the structure can be simplified.
本発明に係る実施例の昇降ステップを設けたラフテレーンクレーンの外観を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the external appearance of the rough terrain crane which provided the raising / lowering step of the Example which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施例の昇降ステップの構成を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the structure of the raising / lowering step of the Example which concerns on this invention. 図２に示す昇降ステップのステップ部を示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed the step part of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. 図２に示す昇降ステップの踏板の一部を拡大した部分拡大断面図である。It is the elements on larger scale which expanded a part of tread of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. 金属板上に図１に示す昇降ステップの構成を展開した展開図を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the expanded view which expand | deployed the structure of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. 1 on the metal plate. 図４に示す金属板から不要な部分を除去した展開金属板を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the expansion | deployment metal plate which removed the unnecessary part from the metal plate shown in FIG. 第２実施例の昇降ステップを示した正面図である。It is the front view which showed the raising / lowering step of 2nd Example. 図５に示す昇降ステップの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. 第３実施例の昇降ステップを示した正面図である。It is the front view which showed the raising / lowering step of 3rd Example. 図７に示す昇降ステップのステップ部を示した平面図である。It is the top view which showed the step part of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. 第４実施例の昇降ステップを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the raising / lowering step of 4th Example. 図９に示す昇降ステップの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. 第４実施例の昇降ステップの構成を金属板上に展開した展開図を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the expanded view which expand | deployed the structure of the raising / lowering step of 4th Example on the metal plate. 昇降ステップのステップ部の後部を下方に折り曲げた例を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the example which bent the rear part of the step part of the raising / lowering step downward. 別の、他の例のステップ部を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the step part of another example of another. 第１実施例ないし第４実施例の踏板部を切り起こしで支持する例を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the example which cuts and supports the tread part of 1st Example thru | or 4th Example. 他の例の昇降ステップを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the raising / lowering step of the other example. 別の、他の例の昇降ステップを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed another raising / lowering step of another example. 図２に示した第１実施例の昇降ステップの踏板部の前端縁に対応した領域に、踏板分の面よりも上方に突出した突出部が形成された小孔ステップを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the small hole step by which the protrusion part which protruded upwards rather than the surface of the tread board was formed in the area | region corresponding to the front-end edge of the tread board part of the raising / lowering step of 1st Example shown in FIG. 図１７に示した昇降ステップの構成を展開した図４相当の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing equivalent to FIG. 4 which expand | deployed the structure of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG. 昇降ステップに足を掛けて上り下りする人の靴の底面と突出部とを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the bottom face and protrusion part of a person's shoe which goes up and down by putting a foot on the raising / lowering step. 台形状の輪郭形状で形成された突出部を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the protrusion part formed by the trapezoidal outline shape. 三角形状の輪郭形状で形成された突出部を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the protrusion part formed with the triangular outline shape. 図１３で説明した昇降ステップの前端部（手前側）と後端部（奥側）とを反対にした他の実施例の昇降ステップを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the raising / lowering step of the other Example which made the front end part (front side) and the rear end part (back side) of the raising / lowering step demonstrated in FIG. 13 opposite. 図２２に示した昇降ステップの構成を展開した図４相当の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing equivalent to FIG. 4 which expand | deployed the structure of the raising / lowering step shown in FIG.
　以下、この発明に係る建設機械用の昇降ステップとこの昇降ステップを製造する製造方法の実施の形態である実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of a lifting step for a construction machine according to the present invention and a manufacturing method for manufacturing the lifting step will be described with reference to the drawings.
［第１実施例］
　図１は、本発明に係る昇降ステップを設けた建設機械の一例であるラフテレーンクレーン１０を示す。ラフテレーンクレーン１０（以下、クレーンとして記載する）は、キャリア１１と、前側アウトリガ１２と、後側アウトリガ１３と、昇降ステップ３０と、旋回台１４と、キャビン２０と、伸縮ブーム１６等とを備えている。 [First embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a rough terrain crane 10 which is an example of a construction machine provided with a lifting step according to the present invention. A rough terrain crane 10 (hereinafter referred to as a crane) includes a carrier 11, a front outrigger 12, a rear outrigger 13, an elevating step 30, a swivel base 14, a cabin 20, a telescopic boom 16, and the like. ing.
　キャリア１１は、走行機能を有する車両の本体部分である。前側アウトリガ１２は、キャリア１１の前側に左右一対設けられている。後側アウトリガ１３は、キャリア１１の後側に左右一対設けられている。昇降ステップ３０は、キャリア１１の一側面（右側面）１１Ａに設けられている。旋回台１４は、キャリア１１の上部に、水平旋回可能に取り付けられている。キャビン２０は、旋回台１４に設けられている。伸縮ブーム１６は、旋回台１４に固定されたブラケット１５に取り付けられている。 The carrier 11 is a main body portion of a vehicle having a traveling function. A pair of left and right front outriggers 12 are provided on the front side of the carrier 11. A pair of left and right rear outriggers 13 are provided on the rear side of the carrier 11. The raising / lowering step 30 is provided on one side surface (right side surface) 11 </ b> A of the carrier 11. The swivel base 14 is attached to the upper part of the carrier 11 so as to be horizontally swivelable. The cabin 20 is provided on the swivel base 14. The telescopic boom 16 is attached to a bracket 15 fixed to the swivel base 14.
　伸縮ブーム１６は、その基端部が支持軸１７を介して取り付けられており、支持軸１７を中心に起伏可能となっている。ブラケット１５と伸縮ブーム１６との間には起伏用シリンダ装置１８が介装され、この起伏用シリンダ装置１８の伸縮により伸縮ブーム１６が起伏される。 The base end of the telescopic boom 16 is attached via a support shaft 17 and can be raised and lowered around the support shaft 17. A hoisting cylinder device 18 is interposed between the bracket 15 and the telescopic boom 16, and the telescopic boom 16 is hoisted by the expansion and contraction of the hoisting cylinder device 18.
［昇降ステップ］
　昇降ステップ３０は、図２に示すように、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部３１,３１と、この支柱部３１,３１間に設けられたステップ部４０とを備え、ステップ部４０は支柱部３１に沿って等間隔に複数設けられている。 [Elevation step]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ascending / descending step 30 includes a pair of opposing support columns 31, 31 extending in the vertical direction and a step unit 40 provided between the support columns 31, 31. Are provided at equal intervals along the support column 31.
　支柱部３１は、図２及び図３に示すように、断面形状がコ字状に形成され、前壁部３１Ａと側壁部３１Ｂと後壁部３１Ｃとから構成されている。後壁部３１Ｃの上部にはキャリア１１に固定するためのネジ穴３２が設けられている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the support column 31 has a U-shaped cross-section, and includes a front wall portion 31 </ b> A, a side wall portion 31 </ b> B, and a rear wall portion 31 </ b> C. A screw hole 32 for fixing to the carrier 11 is provided in the upper portion of the rear wall portion 31C.
　各ステップ部４０は、２つの支柱部３１，３１を連結する連結部４１と、この連結部４１の上部に折曲形成された、昇降ステップ３０を上り下りする人の足が載せられる踏板部４２とを有している。 Each step portion 40 includes a connecting portion 41 that connects the two support column portions 31, 31, and a tread plate portion 42 that is formed on the upper portion of the connecting portion 41 and on which a foot of a person going up and down the lifting step 30 is placed. And have.
　踏板部４２の後端縁４２Ａの両端部４２Ａｂは、支柱部３１の後壁部３１Ｃに溶接されている。また、踏板部４２には、穴４３が形成されており、この穴４３の周縁部４３Ａが図３Ａに示すように盛り上がっていて滑り止めとして機能する。 Both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 are welded to the rear wall portion 31C of the column portion 31. Further, a hole 43 is formed in the tread plate portion 42, and a peripheral edge portion 43A of the hole 43 is raised as shown in FIG. 3A and functions as a slip stopper.
［昇降ステップの製造方法］
　次に、１枚の金属板５０（図４参照）から昇降ステップ３０を製造する製造方法について説明する。この製造方法は、４つの第１～第４工程を有する。第１工程は、一対の支柱部３１及びステップ部４０からなる昇降ステップ３０を展開した展開図に沿って金属板を打抜加工する板取工程である。また、第２工程及び第３工程は、支柱部３１及びステップ部４０を所定の断面形状に折り曲げる折曲工程である。以下に各工程について説明する。 [Manufacturing method of lifting step]
Next, the manufacturing method which manufactures the raising / lowering step 30 from the metal plate 50 (refer FIG. 4) is demonstrated. This manufacturing method has four first to fourth steps. The first step is a plate cutting step in which a metal plate is punched along a developed view in which the lifting step 30 including the pair of support columns 31 and the step portion 40 is developed. In addition, the second process and the third process are bending processes in which the support column part 31 and the step part 40 are bent into a predetermined cross-sectional shape. Each step will be described below.
［第１工程］
　第１工程は、図４に示すように、一枚の平板状の金属板５０上に描かれた、昇降ステップ３０を展開した展開図５１を描き、この展開図５１に基づいて昇降ステップ３０のステップ部４０を形成するために、金属板５０を打ち抜く打抜工程を有する。 [First step]
In the first step, as shown in FIG. 4, a development view 51 in which the elevation step 30 drawn on one flat metal plate 50 is developed is drawn. In order to form the step portion 40, a punching process for punching the metal plate 50 is included.
　また、第１工程では、展開図５１に基づいて昇降ステップ３０の支柱部３１やステップ部４０を形成する以外の部分を、打抜加工によって除去して後述する展開金属板５２を形成する。打抜加工には、金属板５０を切断したり切込みを入れたりする工程を含む。 Also, in the first step, parts other than the column part 31 and the step part 40 of the elevating step 30 are removed by punching based on the development drawing 51 to form a development metal plate 52 described later. The punching process includes a step of cutting the metal plate 50 or making a cut.
　展開図５１は、切断や切込みや打抜きを行う箇所を実線で示し、折曲位置を鎖線５３ａ,５３ｂで示してある。また、斜線部分５５，５５Ａ,１５５と、実線で示す円形マーク１３２，１４３やマーク１４４は打抜箇所を示す。円形マーク１３２はネジ穴３２に対応し、円形マーク１４３は穴４３に対応し、マーク１４４は後述する打ち抜かれた穴４４に対応する。 In the developed view 51, a portion where cutting, cutting or punching is performed is indicated by a solid line, and a bending position is indicated by chain lines 53a and 53b. In addition, the hatched portions 55, 55A, and 155 and the circular marks 132, 143 and the mark 144 indicated by solid lines indicate the punched portions. The circular mark 132 corresponds to the screw hole 32, the circular mark 143 corresponds to the hole 43, and the mark 144 corresponds to a punched hole 44 described later.
　また展開図５１は、金属板５０に必ずしも描く必要はなく、例えば加工機のメモリに展開図５１を記憶させておき、このメモリに記憶された展開図５１のデータに基づいて切断加工や切込加工や打抜加工を行ってもよい。 Further, the development 51 does not necessarily have to be drawn on the metal plate 50. For example, the development 51 is stored in the memory of the processing machine, and cutting and cutting are performed based on the data of the development 51 stored in the memory. Processing or punching may be performed.
　上述の切断加工や切込加工や打抜加工により、図４Ａに示すように、不要な部分を除去し、必要な部分だけを残した展開金属板５２が形成される。 As shown in FIG. 4A, the developed metal plate 52 is formed by removing unnecessary portions and leaving only necessary portions by the above-described cutting processing, cutting processing, and punching processing.
　展開金属板５２は、一対の支柱部３１を形成するための２つの支柱板部５３と、３つのステップ部４０を形成するための３つのステップ板部５４とを有している。すなわち、展開金属板５２は、一対の支柱部３1と、この支柱部３１,３１の間に設けられたステップ部４０とが展開配置された一枚の金属板となっている。そして、この一枚の展開金属板５２から昇降ステップ３０が形成される。 The developed metal plate 52 has two support plate portions 53 for forming the pair of support column portions 31 and three step plate portions 54 for forming the three step portions 40. That is, the developed metal plate 52 is a single metal plate in which a pair of support columns 31 and a step unit 40 provided between the support columns 31 and 31 are deployed. And the raising / lowering step 30 is formed from this one expansion | deployment metal plate 52. FIG.
　なお、各ステップ板部５４の両側縁５４ａと支柱板部５３との間には、剪断加工である切込加工によって切込みが入れられており、その両側縁５４ａは支柱板部５３から切断された状態となっている。 In addition, a cut is made between the side edges 54 a of each step plate portion 54 and the support plate portion 53 by a cutting process that is a shearing process, and the both side edges 54 a are cut from the support plate portion 53. It is in a state.
　打抜加工では、図４に示す所定範囲である斜線部分５５,５５Ａを打ち抜いたり、斜線部分１５５を切断したりする。すなわち、支柱部３１（図２参照）となる支柱板部５３に沿って所定間隔毎に斜線部分５５,５５Ａを打ち抜く。 In the punching process, the hatched portions 55 and 55A that are the predetermined range shown in FIG. 4 are punched or the hatched portion 155 is cut. That is, the hatched portions 55 and 55A are punched out at predetermined intervals along the support plate portion 53 serving as the support portion 31 (see FIG. 2).
　また、打抜工程では、ステップ板部５４に穴４３が開けられ、支柱板部５３にネジ穴３２が開けられる。この打抜工程によってステップ板部５４に穴４３が開けられるときに、図３Ａに示すように、穴４３の周縁部４３Ａがバーリング加工などで盛り上げられる。 In the punching process, a hole 43 is formed in the step plate portion 54 and a screw hole 32 is formed in the support plate portion 53. When the hole 43 is formed in the step plate portion 54 by this punching process, the peripheral portion 43A of the hole 43 is raised by burring or the like as shown in FIG. 3A.
　切込加工は、図４に示すように、斜線部分５５,５５Ａの打抜きによって形成された開口５６,５６Ａの下縁部の両端から下方に向かって２つの切込みをそれぞれ入れていくものであり、この切込みによって、上述のように各ステップ板部５４の両側縁５４ａが切断された状態となる。展開金属板５２は、展開図５１に対応したプレス型を設けたプレス機を用いれば、金属板５０の一度の加工で得ることができる。 As shown in FIG. 4, the incising process is to make two incisions downward from both ends of the lower edge of the openings 56, 56A formed by punching the hatched portions 55, 55A. By this cutting, both side edges 54a of each step plate portion 54 are cut as described above. The developed metal plate 52 can be obtained by one processing of the metal plate 50 if a press machine provided with a press die corresponding to the developed view 51 is used.
［第２工程］
　第２工程は、一対の支柱部３１,３１を形成する支柱部形成工程である。第２工程では、図４Ａに示すように展開金属板５２が形成された後、この展開金属板５２の支柱板部５３,５３を鎖線５３ａ,５３ｂに沿って曲げ加工機（図示せず）により直角に折り曲げていく。この折曲加工により、断面が角ばったＵ字状（カップ状）の支柱部３１,３１（図２参照）が形成される。支柱部３１,３１は角ばったＵ字状に折り曲げられることにより強度が確保される。また、角ばったＵ字状の断面形状は２つの角部を有する。折曲加工では、最初に鎖線５３ｂに沿って折り曲げ、この後、鎖線５３ａに沿って折り曲げる。なお、４４は打ち抜かれた穴である。 [Second step]
A 2nd process is a support | pillar part formation process which forms a pair of support | pillar parts 31 and 31. FIG. In the second step, after the developed metal plate 52 is formed as shown in FIG. 4A, the support plate portions 53 and 53 of the developed metal plate 52 are bent along chain lines 53a and 53b by a bending machine (not shown). Bend at a right angle. By this bending process, U-shaped (cup-shaped) support portions 31, 31 (see FIG. 2) having a square cross section are formed. The struts 31 and 31 are bent into a square U shape to ensure strength. The square U-shaped cross-sectional shape has two corners. In the bending process, first, bending is performed along the chain line 53b, and then, bending is performed along the chain line 53a. Reference numeral 44 denotes a punched hole.
［第３工程］
　第３工程は、ステップ部４０を形成するステップ部形成工程である。第３工程では、図４Ａに示す展開金属板５２の各ステップ板部５４を鎖線５４ｂに沿って曲げ加工機(図示せず)により折り曲げる。この折曲加工により、図２に示すように各ステップ部４０が形成される。 [Third step]
The third process is a step part forming process for forming the step part 40. In the third step, each step plate portion 54 of the developed metal plate 52 shown in FIG. 4A is bent along a chain line 54b by a bending machine (not shown). By this bending process, each step part 40 is formed as shown in FIG.
　ステップ板部５４は、鎖線５４ｂから折り曲げられて踏板部４２を形成するものであり、このステップ板部５４は切込みによって形成される所定部分である。 The step plate portion 54 is bent from the chain line 54b to form the tread plate portion 42, and the step plate portion 54 is a predetermined portion formed by cutting.
［第４工程］
　第４工程では、ステップ板部５４を折り曲げて形成した、図３に示すステップ部４０の踏板部４２の後端縁４２Ａの両端部４２Ａｂを溶接して支柱部３１の後壁部３１Ｃに固定する。つまり、支持手段の一例である溶接によってステップ部４０の踏板部４２の後端縁４２Ａを支柱部３１に固着して支持させる。これにより、ステップ部４０の踏板部４２の強度が保たれ、全体として剛性を有する昇降ステップ３０が完成する。 [Fourth step]
In the fourth step, both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the step plate portion 42 of the step portion 40 shown in FIG. 3 formed by bending the step plate portion 54 are welded and fixed to the rear wall portion 31C of the column portion 31. . That is, the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 of the step portion 40 is fixed to and supported by the column portion 31 by welding which is an example of a support means. Thereby, the strength of the tread plate portion 42 of the step portion 40 is maintained, and the lifting step 30 having rigidity as a whole is completed.
　この第１実施例では、１枚の金属板で昇降ステップ３０を形成するものであるから部品点数は１つでよく、しかも、踏板部４２は連結部４１と一体となっていることにより、ステップ部４０の踏板部４２の後端縁４２Ａの両端部４２Ａｂを溶接するだけで、踏板部４２の強度を十分に保つことができる。 In this first embodiment, since the lifting step 30 is formed by a single metal plate, the number of parts may be one, and the tread plate portion 42 is integrated with the connecting portion 41, so that the step By simply welding both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 of the portion 40, the strength of the tread plate portion 42 can be sufficiently maintained.
　踏板部４２の両端部４２Ａｂの溶接箇所は、スポット状的な狭い範囲の領域で済み、その溶接作業は簡単なものとなる。 The welded portion of both end portions 42Ab of the tread plate portion 42 is a spot-like narrow region, and the welding operation is simple.
　これに対して、従来のものは支柱部とステップ部とは別体の部品であることにより、一定の強度を保つために、ステップ部を支柱部に溶接する溶接箇所は線状の広範囲の領域となり、この広範囲の領域を溶接する溶接作業は面倒なものとなる。 On the other hand, since the conventional part is a separate part from the column part and the step part, in order to maintain a certain strength, the welding point where the step part is welded to the column part is a linear wide area. Therefore, the welding operation for welding this wide area becomes troublesome.
　また、第１実施例では、第１工程ないし第４工程によって昇降ステップ３０を製造しているが、第１工程ないし第４工程の全ては必ずしも必要ではない。例えば、最上部のステップ部４０だけを有する昇降ステップを形成する場合、真ん中のステップ部４０と最下部のステップ部４０は不要となり、斜線部分５５,５５Ａ（図４参照）を打ち抜く打抜工程は不要となる。また、鎖線５４ｂ（図４Ａ参照）に沿って折り曲げたステップ板部５４（踏板部４２）の強度が十分に得られる場合、溶接は不要となる。 Further, in the first embodiment, the elevating step 30 is manufactured by the first process to the fourth process, but all of the first process to the fourth process are not necessarily required. For example, when forming an elevating step having only the uppermost step portion 40, the middle step portion 40 and the lowermost step portion 40 are not necessary, and the punching process for punching the hatched portions 55 and 55A (see FIG. 4) is performed. It becomes unnecessary. Further, when the strength of the step plate portion 54 (step plate portion 42) bent along the chain line 54b (see FIG. 4A) is sufficiently obtained, welding is not necessary.
　すなわち、ステップ部４０を形成するための切込み工程（打抜工程）と、ステップ部４０及び支柱部３１を形成するための折曲工程とだけで、昇降ステップを製造することができる。 That is, the raising / lowering step can be manufactured only by the cutting process (punching process) for forming the step part 40 and the bending process for forming the step part 40 and the column part 31.
　また、第１実施例では、第２工程で支柱部３１を形成した後、第３工程でステップ部４０を形成しているが、先にステップ部４０を形成した後、支柱部３１を形成してもよい。すなわち、第３工程の後に第２工程を行ってもよい。 Further, in the first embodiment, after the column portion 31 is formed in the second step, the step portion 40 is formed in the third step. However, after the step portion 40 is formed first, the column portion 31 is formed. May be. That is, the second step may be performed after the third step.
［第２実施例］
　図５及び図６は、第２実施例の昇降ステップ１３０を示す。この昇降ステップ１３０は、図２に示す昇降ステップ３０の支柱部３１の上部に逆Ｕ字形の手摺１３５を取り付けたものである。 [Second Embodiment]
5 and 6 show the lifting step 130 of the second embodiment. The lifting step 130 is obtained by attaching an inverted U-shaped handrail 135 to the upper portion of the column 31 of the lifting step 30 shown in FIG.
　手摺１３５の一方の下部１３５Ａを支柱部３１の後壁部３１Ｃの上部に溶接することによって、手摺１３５を支柱部３１の上部に取り付けたものである。 The lower part 135A of the handrail 135 is welded to the upper part of the rear wall part 31C of the support part 31 to attach the handrail 135 to the upper part of the support part 31.
　昇降ステップ１３０の製造方法は、第１実施例と同様に、第１工程～第４工程により昇降ステップ３０を製造した後に、手摺１３５を支柱部３１の上部に溶接して取り付けるものである。 The manufacturing method of the raising / lowering step 130 is the method of attaching the handrail 135 to the upper part of the support | pillar part 31 after manufacturing the raising / lowering step 30 by the 1st process-the 4th process similarly to 1st Example.
　この第２実施例の昇降ステップ１３０も第１実施例と同様の効果を得ることができる。 The elevating step 130 of the second embodiment can also obtain the same effect as the first embodiment.
［第３実施例］
　図７は、第３実施例の昇降ステップ２３０を示す。この昇降ステップ２３０は、第１実施例と同様に支柱部２３１,２３１と、この支柱部２３１,２３１間に設けられた３つのステップ部２４０とを備えている。 [Third embodiment]
FIG. 7 shows the raising / lowering step 230 of 3rd Example. As in the first embodiment, the elevating step 230 includes strut portions 231 and 231 and three step portions 240 provided between the strut portions 231 and 231.
　第３実施例の昇降ステップ２３０は、支柱部２３１の断面を図８に示すように外側に開いたＬ字状に形成したものであり、支柱部２３１は側壁部２３１Ａと後壁部２３１Ｂとを有している。このＬ字状の断面形状により、支柱部２３１は所定の強度が確保される。また、Ｌ字状の断面形状は１つの角部を有する。 The lifting / lowering step 230 of the third embodiment is such that the cross section of the column portion 231 is formed in an L shape that opens outward as shown in FIG. 8, and the column portion 231 has a side wall portion 231A and a rear wall portion 231B. Have. Due to the L-shaped cross-sectional shape, the column portion 231 has a predetermined strength. The L-shaped cross-sectional shape has one corner.
　ステップ部２４０の踏板部２４２の後部の両端部には、側方に突出した突出部２４２ａ,２４２ａが形成され、この突出部２４２ａ,２４２ａが支柱部２３１の側壁部２３１Ａに溶接されて固定（支持）されている。なお、２４１は支柱部２３１の側壁部２３１Ａと支柱部２３１の側壁部１３１Ａとを連結した連結部である。 Protruding portions 242a and 242a projecting laterally are formed at both ends of the rear portion of the tread plate portion 242 of the step portion 240, and the projecting portions 242a and 242a are welded to the side wall portion 231A of the column portion 231 and fixed (supported). ) Reference numeral 241 denotes a connecting portion that connects the side wall portion 231A of the column portion 231 and the side wall portion 131A of the column portion 231.
　昇降ステップ２３０は、１枚の金属板から製造するものであり、その製造方法は第１実施例と同様の製造方法によって製造するものであるから、その製造方法の説明は省略する。また、第３実施例も第１実施例と同様の効果が得られる。また、Ｌ字の支柱部２３１は、１回のプレス加工により形成することができるので、折曲工程を１工程減らすことができる。 The elevating / lowering step 230 is manufactured from one metal plate, and the manufacturing method is manufactured by the same manufacturing method as in the first embodiment, so the description of the manufacturing method is omitted. Further, the third embodiment can obtain the same effects as the first embodiment. Moreover, since the L-shaped support | pillar part 231 can be formed by one press work, a bending process can be reduced 1 process.
［第４実施例］
　図９及び図１０は、第４実施例の昇降ステップ３３０を示す。この昇降ステップ３３０は、支柱部３３１の後壁部３３１Ｃの上部にその後壁部３３１Ｃの下部３３１Ｃａに対して角度αだけ傾斜させた傾斜部３３１Ｃｂを設けたものである。この昇降ステップ３３０は、傾斜部３３１Ｃｂをキャリア１１の側面１１Ａ（図１参照）に取り付けることにより、この傾斜部３３１Ｃｂより下側となる支柱部３３１の下部部分３３１Ａ（ステップ部３４０を有する支柱部分）がその側面１１Ａに対して傾斜されるので、昇降ステップ３３０の上り下りがし易いものとなる。 [Fourth embodiment]
9 and 10 show the raising / lowering step 330 of the fourth embodiment. This lifting step 330 is provided with an inclined portion 331Cb inclined at an angle α with respect to the lower portion 331Ca of the rear wall portion 331C on the upper portion of the rear wall portion 331C of the support column portion 331. In this lifting / lowering step 330, by attaching the inclined portion 331Cb to the side surface 11A (see FIG. 1) of the carrier 11, the lower portion 331A (the column portion having the step portion 340) of the column portion 331 located below the inclined portion 331Cb. Is inclined with respect to the side surface 11A, so that the ascending / descending step 330 can be easily performed.
　図１１は、金属板３５０上に展開した昇降ステップ３３０の展開図３５１を示す。折曲位置を示す展開図３５１の鎖線３５１ａ,３５１ｂは、展開図３５１の底部の実線３５１Ａに対して直角となる方向に延びている。また、鎖線３５１ｂの上に形成した鎖線３５１ｃは鎖線３５１ｂに対して角度αだけ傾斜している。また、鎖線３５１ｃと鎖線３５１ｂとの境界の位置に横方向に引かれた実線３５１Ｂは切込位置を示す。 FIG. 11 shows a developed view 351 of the lifting step 330 developed on the metal plate 350. The chain lines 351a and 351b of the developed view 351 showing the bent position extend in a direction perpendicular to the solid line 351A at the bottom of the developed view 351. The chain line 351c formed on the chain line 351b is inclined by the angle α with respect to the chain line 351b. A solid line 351B drawn in the horizontal direction at the position of the boundary between the chain line 351c and the chain line 351b indicates a cutting position.
　昇降ステップ３３０の製造方法は、展開図３５１を基にして第１実施例と同様に切込加工や打抜加工を行って展開金属板(図４Ａ参照)を形成する。 The manufacturing method of the raising / lowering step 330 forms the expansion | deployment metal plate (refer FIG. 4A) by performing a cutting process and a punching process similarly to 1st Example based on the expansion | deployment drawing 351. FIG.
　この後、その展開金属板の所定部分を第１実施例と同様に第２工程～第４工程により折り曲げていき、昇降ステップ３３０が形成される。昇降ステップ３３０のステップ部３４０も連結部３４１と踏板部３４２とを有し、踏板部３４２の後端縁３４２Ａの両端部は支柱部３３１の後壁部３３１Ｃに溶接される。 Thereafter, a predetermined portion of the developed metal plate is bent in the second to fourth steps in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the lifting step 330 is formed. The step portion 340 of the elevating step 330 also has a connecting portion 341 and a tread plate portion 342, and both end portions of the rear end edge 342A of the tread plate portion 342 are welded to the rear wall portion 331C of the column portion 331.
　この第４実施例の昇降ステップ３３０も第１実施例と同様の効果を得ることができる。 The elevating step 330 of the fourth embodiment can also obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
　第１実施例ないし第４実施例のステップ部４０,２４０,３４０は、連結部４１,２４１,３４１の上部に踏板部４２,２４２,３４２を折曲形成して形成しているが、図１２に示すように、踏板部４２,２４２,３４２の後端部（図１２において左端部）に下方に折り曲げた折曲部４２Ｄ,２４２Ｄ,３４２Ｄを形成すれば、さらに踏板部４２,２４２,３４２の強度を大きくすることができる。すなわち、ステップ部４０,２４０,３４０の後端部を下方に折り曲げればステップ部４０,２４０,３４０の強度を大きくすることができる。 The step portions 40, 240, and 340 of the first to fourth embodiments are formed by bending the tread plate portions 42, 242, and 342 on the upper portions of the connecting portions 41, 241, and 341. FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, if bent portions 42D, 242D, 342D bent downward are formed at rear end portions (left end portions in FIG. 12) of the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342, the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342 are further formed. The strength can be increased. That is, if the rear end portions of the step portions 40, 240, and 340 are bent downward, the strength of the step portions 40, 240, and 340 can be increased.
　また、図１３に示すように、連結部４１,２４１,３４１の下部に踏板部４２,２４２,３４２を折曲形成し、踏板部４２,２４２,３４２の後端部に上方に折り曲げた折曲部４２Ｅ,２４２Ｅ,３４２Ｅを形成してもよい。すなわち、ステップ部４０′,２４０′,３４０′の後端部を上方に折り曲げたものである。 Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342 are bent at the lower portions of the connecting portions 41, 241, 341, and the bent portions are bent upward at the rear end portions of the tread plate portions 42, 242, 342. The portions 42E, 242E, and 342E may be formed. That is, the rear end portions of the step portions 40 ', 240', 340 'are bent upward.
　この場合、図４に示す金属板５０の展開図５１の上下を反対にした展開図と同様の展開図を基にして、ステップ部４０′,２４０′,３４０′を形成することになるが、打抜工程によって形成された各開口（図４Ａに示す展開金属板５２の上下を反対にした場合の開口）の上縁部の両端から上方に向かって２つの切込みをそれぞれ入れていく。そして、踏板部４２,２４２,３４２を折曲形成し、この踏板部４２,２４２,３４２の後端部に上方に折り曲げた折曲部４２Ｅ,２４２Ｅ,３４２Ｅを折曲形成することによって、ステップ部４０′,２４０′,３４０′を形成するものである。 In this case, the step portions 40 ', 240', and 340 'are formed based on a development view similar to the development view in which the top and bottom of the development view 51 of the metal plate 50 shown in FIG. Two cuts are made upward from both ends of the upper edge of each opening formed by the punching process (opening when the developed metal plate 52 shown in FIG. 4A is turned upside down). Then, the step plate portions 42, 242, and 342 are bent and the bent portions 42E, 242E, and 342E bent upward at the rear end portions of the step plate portions 42, 242, and 342 are bent to form the step portion. 40 ', 240', and 340 'are formed.
　第１実施例ないし第４実施例の支柱部３１,２３１,３３１の断面は角ばったＵ字状またはＬ字状に形成しているが、これに限らず例えば円形やＳ字状などの湾曲状に形成してもよく、あるいは、これらを組み合わせた形状であってもよい。すなわち、所定の強度が得られる形状、つまり、少なくとも１つの角部または湾曲部を有する形状であればどのような形状であってもよい。 The cross sections of the column portions 31, 231, 331 of the first to fourth embodiments are formed in a square U shape or L shape, but are not limited to this, for example, a curved shape such as a circle or an S shape. It may be formed in a shape or a combination of these. That is, any shape may be used as long as the shape provides a predetermined strength, that is, a shape having at least one corner or curved portion.
　また、踏板部４２の後端縁４２Ａの両端部４２Ａｂは支柱部３１の後壁部３１Ｃに溶接されて固定される（第２実施例ないし第４実施例も同様に溶接される）が、図１４に示すように、後壁部３１Ｃ,３３１Ｃや側壁部２３１Ａの一部に切り起し（支持手段）Ｋ１を設け、この切り起しＫ１に踏板部４２,２４２,３４２の後端部を支持させるようにしてもよい。 Further, both end portions 42Ab of the rear end edge 42A of the tread plate portion 42 are welded and fixed to the rear wall portion 31C of the column portion 31 (the second embodiment to the fourth embodiment are also welded in the same manner). As shown in FIG. 14, the rear wall portions 31C and 331C and the side wall portion 231A are cut and raised (support means) K1, and the rear end portions of the tread portions 42, 242, and 342 are supported by the cut and raised K1. You may make it make it.
［他の例］
　図１５及び図１６は他の例の昇降ステップ４３０，５３０を示す。これら昇降ステップ４３０，５３０は、１つのステップ部４４０，５４０を有し、切込工程（打抜工程）と折曲工程とでステップ部４４０，５４０や支柱部４３１，５３１を形成できるようにした昇降ステップを示したものである。 [Other examples]
FIG.15 and FIG.16 shows the raising / lowering steps 430 and 530 of another example. These elevating steps 430 and 530 have one step part 440 and 540, and can form the step parts 440 and 540 and the column parts 431 and 531 by the cutting process (punching process) and the bending process. The raising / lowering step is shown.
　図１５に示す昇降ステップ４３０は、図示しない金属板の踏板部４４２となる部分の両側に切込みを入れて、この部分を折り曲げることにより踏板部４４２を形成するものである。そして、折曲工程で形成する支柱部４３１の後壁部４３１Ｃに、折り曲げた踏板部４４２の側縁部を溶接して支持させたものである。または、後壁部４３１Ｃに切り起し（支持手段）Ｋ２を形成し、この切り起しＫ２に踏板部４４２の側縁部を支持させたものである。 15 is formed by making cuts on both sides of a portion to be a tread plate portion 442 of a metal plate (not shown) and bending this portion to form a tread plate portion 442. And the side wall part of the bent tread part 442 is welded and supported by the rear wall part 431C of the support | pillar part 431 formed in a bending process. Alternatively, the rear wall portion 431C is cut and raised (support means) K2, and the side edge portion of the tread plate portion 442 is supported by the cut and raised K2.
　図１６に示す別の、他の例の昇降ステップ５３０は、支柱部５３１の上部が連結部５５０で連結されるように金属板(図示せず)に切込みを入れて踏板部５４２を形成するものである。他は、図１５の昇降ステップ４３０と同じなのでその説明は省略する。 In another example of the lifting step 530 shown in FIG. 16, a metal plate (not shown) is cut to form the tread plate portion 542 so that the upper portion of the column portion 531 is connected by the connecting portion 550. It is. Since others are the same as the raising / lowering step 430 of FIG. 15, the description thereof is omitted.
　図１６に示す昇降ステップ５３０は、上記の切込みを支柱部５３１に沿って複数入れることにより、ステップ部５４０を複数形成してもよい。この場合、ステップ部５４０を複数形成する昇降ステップは図１６に示すものよりも長いものとなる。 In the ascending / descending step 530 shown in FIG. 16, a plurality of step portions 540 may be formed by making a plurality of the cuts along the support column portion 531. In this case, the lifting step for forming a plurality of step portions 540 is longer than that shown in FIG.
　図１５及び図１６に示す昇降ステップ４３０,５３０の支柱部４３１,５３１は断面が角ばったＵ字状に形成されているがＬ字状に形成してもよく、また、各支柱部４３１,５３１の断面形状を円形やＳ字状などの湾曲状に形成してもよく、あるいは、これらを組み合わせた形状であってもよい。すなわち、所定の強度が得られる形状、つまり、少なくとも１つの角部または湾曲部を有する形状であればどのような形状であってもよい。 15 and FIG. 16, the column portions 431 and 531 of the elevating steps 430 and 530 are formed in a U shape with a square cross section, but may be formed in an L shape, and each column portion 431 and 531 is formed. These cross-sectional shapes may be formed in a circular shape, a curved shape such as an S shape, or a combination thereof. That is, any shape may be used as long as the shape provides a predetermined strength, that is, a shape having at least one corner or curved portion.
　上述した各実施例の昇降ステップはいずれも、平板状に展開したとき、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とは、平板の厚さ方向に重なる部分がなく、一体に繋がり孤立した部分が無い。 When each of the above-described elevating steps in each embodiment is developed in a flat plate shape, a pair of opposing strut portions extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the strut portions are the thickness of the flat plate. There are no overlapping parts in the vertical direction, and there are no isolated parts connected together.
　上述した各実施例の昇降ステップにおいて、ステップ部の踏版部の前端縁に対応する領域に、滑り止めの機能を発揮する突出部を形成することもできる。ずなわち、例えば図１７に示す昇降ステップ３０′は、図２に示した第１実施例の昇降ステップ３０の踏板部４２の前端縁４２Ｂに対応した領域に、踏板部４２の面よりも上方に突出した突出部６０が、２つの支柱部３１，３１間に例えば６個形成されたものである。 In the ascending / descending step of each of the embodiments described above, a protruding portion that exhibits a non-slip function can be formed in a region corresponding to the front end edge of the stepped portion of the step portion. That is, for example, the raising / lowering step 30 ′ shown in FIG. 17 is located above the surface of the tread plate portion 42 in the region corresponding to the front edge 42 B of the tread portion 42 of the raising / lowering step 30 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. For example, six projecting portions 60 projecting from each other are formed between the two support column portions 31, 31.
　これらの突出部６０は、踏板部４２に形成されているのではなく、踏板部４２の前端縁４２Ｂに連なる連結部４１の上端の一部が上方に突出して形成されている。この突出部６０は、具体的には例えば図１８に示すように、踏板部４２と連結部４１との境界となる前端縁４２Ｂ（図４Ａにおいて、折り曲げられる鎖線５４ｂに相当）に交差する２本の平行な縦切込み６１，６１と、この２本の縦切込み６１，６１の上端同士を繋ぐ横切込み６２とで形成された、全体として角ばった逆Ｕ字状（逆カップ状）の切込みにより、輪郭が半矩形状に形成されている。 These protruding portions 60 are not formed on the tread plate portion 42, but are formed so that a part of the upper end of the connecting portion 41 connected to the front end edge 42B of the tread plate portion 42 protrudes upward. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 18, two protrusions 60 intersect with a front end edge 42B (corresponding to a chain line 54b to be bent in FIG. 4A) that is a boundary between the tread plate part 42 and the connecting part 41. Are formed by a parallel vertical cut 61, 61 and a horizontal cut 62 connecting the upper ends of the two vertical cuts 61, 61. The outline is formed in a semi-rectangular shape.
　これらの突出部６０を形成する縦切込み６１，６１と横切込み６２は、第１実施例で説明した、第１工程の切込加工で形成される。そして、第３工程で、連結部４１に対して踏板部４２を前端縁４２Ｂに沿って折り曲げる際に、突出部６０を除いて曲げることで、突出部６０は連結部４１と同一平面の状態で連結部４１と共に曲げられずに残る。これにより、突出部６０は、折り曲げられた踏板部４２の面に対して、上方に突出した状態となる。 The vertical cuts 61 and 61 and the horizontal cuts 62 that form these protrusions 60 are formed by the cutting process of the first step described in the first embodiment. In the third step, when the tread plate portion 42 is bent along the front end edge 42B with respect to the connecting portion 41, the protruding portion 60 is in the same plane as the connecting portion 41 by bending except for the protruding portion 60. It remains without being bent together with the connecting portion 41. Thereby, the protrusion part 60 will be in the state protruded upwards with respect to the surface of the bent tread part 42. FIG.
　そして、突出部６０は、図１９に示すように、昇降ステップ３０′に足を掛けて上り下りする人の靴２００の底面２１０との間で強い摩擦力を生じさせ、滑り止めとしての機能を発揮する。しかも、突出部６０は、第１実施例の昇降ステップ３０を製造するに際しては、第１工程において、他の切込みを形成するのと同時に２つの縦切込み６１，６１及び横切込み６２を形成することができるとともに、第３工程において、踏板部４２を折り曲げることで形成されるため、製造工程のサイクルタイムを伸ばすことが無く、製造コストの上昇もほとんどないため、非常に有用である。 Then, as shown in FIG. 19, the projecting portion 60 generates a strong frictional force with the bottom surface 210 of the person's shoe 200 that goes up and down by putting his / her foot on the elevating / lowering step 30 ′, and functions as an anti-slip. Demonstrate. In addition, when manufacturing the lifting step 30 of the first embodiment, the protrusion 60 forms the two vertical cuts 61 and 61 and the horizontal cut 62 at the same time as the other cuts are formed in the first step. In addition, since it is formed by bending the tread plate portion 42 in the third step, the cycle time of the manufacturing process is not extended and the manufacturing cost is hardly increased, which is very useful.
　なお、本実施形態の昇降ステップ３０′は、突出部６０の輪郭形状を形成するに際して、縦切込み６１を前端縁４２Ｂに交差して形成したが、縦切込み６１を前端縁４２Ｂに交差せずに前端縁４２Ｂよりも上側にのみ形成することもできる。ただし、縦切込み６１が前端縁４２Ｂに交差して形成されている方が、第３工程における踏板部４２の折曲げの影響を受け難い。 In the lifting step 30 'of the present embodiment, the vertical cut 61 is formed so as to intersect the front end edge 42B when forming the contour shape of the protrusion 60. However, the vertical cut 61 does not intersect the front end edge 42B. It can also be formed only above the front edge 42B. However, the direction in which the vertical cut 61 is formed to intersect the front end edge 42B is less susceptible to the bending of the tread plate portion 42 in the third step.
　また、本実施形態の昇降ステップ３０′は、突出部６０の輪郭形状が半矩形状であるが、この形状に限定されるものではない。すなわち、突出部６０は、踏板部４２の面よりも上方に突出していればよく、したがって、図１７，１８に示した半矩形状の輪郭形状の他、図２０に示す台形状の輪郭形状であってもよいし、図２１に示す三角形の輪郭形状であってもよいし、その他の形状（円弧形状やその他の曲線形状、複数の直線で繋がれた形状）であってもよい。 Moreover, although the raising / lowering step 30 'of this embodiment has the semi-rectangular outline shape of the protrusion part 60, it is not limited to this shape. That is, the protruding portion 60 only has to protrude above the surface of the tread plate portion 42. Therefore, in addition to the semi-rectangular contour shape shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the trapezoidal contour shape shown in FIG. It may be a triangular outline shape shown in FIG. 21, or other shapes (arc shape, other curved shape, shape connected by a plurality of straight lines).
　なお、本実施形態の昇降ステップ３０′は、突出部６０を踏板部４２の前端縁４２Ｂに対応した領域にのみ形成したものであるが、図１２に示すように後端部をさらに折り曲げたものでは、突出部６０を踏板部４２の後端縁４２Ａに対応した領域にも形成してもよい。昇降ステップ３０′を上り下りする際に、下側に位置する方の足は、靴２００の底面２１０が踏板部４２の後端縁４２Ａに載った状態となることもあり、この場合に、後端縁４２Ａに対応した領域に形成された突出部６０が滑り止めとして有効である。 The lifting step 30 'of the present embodiment is such that the protruding portion 60 is formed only in a region corresponding to the front end edge 42B of the tread plate portion 42, but the rear end portion is further bent as shown in FIG. Then, you may form the protrusion part 60 also in the area | region corresponding to the rear-end edge 42A of the tread board part 42. FIG. When going up and down the ascending / descending step 30 ', the lower foot may be in a state where the bottom surface 210 of the shoe 200 rests on the rear edge 42A of the tread portion 42. In this case, The protrusion 60 formed in the region corresponding to the end edge 42A is effective as a slip stopper.
　また、図１３に示すように後端縁が上方に向くように後端部を折り曲げたものでは、折り曲げて上方を向いた先端縁の輪郭形状を、半矩形状や上述したその他の形状として突出部６０とすることもできる。この場合、突出部６０の輪郭形状は、切込みによって形成するのではなく、打抜きの工程での外形輪郭として形成することができる。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 13, in the case where the rear end portion is bent so that the rear end edge is directed upward, the contour shape of the front end edge which is bent upward is projected as a semi-rectangular shape or the other shapes described above. The unit 60 may be used. In this case, the contour shape of the protrusion 60 can be formed as an outer contour in the punching process, not by cutting.
　図２２は、図１３で説明した昇降ステップの前端部（手前側）と後端部（奥側）とを反対にした他の実施例の昇降ステップ６３０を示す斜視図である。この昇降ステップ６３０は、既に説明した実施例の昇降ステップと同様に、図２３に示す１枚の平板状の金属板５０により、２本の支柱部６３１，６３１及び３つのステップ部６４０，６４０，６４０が形成されている。 FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an elevating step 630 of another embodiment in which the front end portion (front side) and the rear end portion (back side) of the elevating step described in FIG. 13 are reversed. This lifting step 630 is similar to the lifting step of the embodiment described above, with two flat metal parts 501, 631 and three step parts 640, 640, by one flat metal plate 50 shown in FIG. 640 is formed.
　この昇降ステップ６３０は、２本の支柱部６３１，６３１を連結する連結部６４１が、手前側ではなく奥側に形成されていて、各ステップ部６４０は、奥側の部分が連結部６４１に繋がり、自由端が手前側となるように折り曲げられて形成されている。すなわち、ステップ部６４０の前端部６４３が折り曲げられたステップ部６４０の先端となっている。 As for this raising / lowering step 630, the connection part 641 which connects the two support | pillar parts 631 and 631 is formed in the back | inner side rather than the near side, and each step part 640 connects the back | inner side part to the connection part 641. The free end is bent so that it is on the near side. That is, the front end portion 643 of the step portion 640 is the tip of the bent step portion 640.
　昇降ステップ６３０は、図２３に示された後端縁に対応する鎖線６４０Ａと前端縁に対応する鎖線６４０Ｂで折り曲げられ、先端縁６４３Ａが上方に向いている。そして、この先端縁６４３Ａに、滑り止めとして機能する突出部６０が形成されている。この突出部６０は、図１３に示すものに突出部６０を形成する場合と同様に、その輪郭形状を切込みによって形成するのではなく、斜線部分５５，５５Ａを打ち抜く工程での外形輪郭として形成することができる。そして、このように形成された昇降ステップ６３０も、上述した各実施例の昇降ステップと同様の効果を発揮する。 The raising / lowering step 630 is bent at a chain line 640A corresponding to the rear edge shown in FIG. 23 and a chain line 640B corresponding to the front edge, and the front edge 643A faces upward. And the protrusion part 60 which functions as a slip stopper is formed in this front-end edge 643A. As in the case where the protrusion 60 is formed in the structure shown in FIG. 13, the protrusion 60 is not formed by cutting the outline shape, but is formed as an outer outline in the step of punching the hatched portions 55 and 55A. be able to. And the raising / lowering step 630 formed in this way also exhibits the same effect as the raising / lowering step of each Example mentioned above.
　なお、昇降ステップ６３０は、ステップ部６４０が、角ばったＵ字状の開口が上方を向いてるため、角ばったＵ字状の開口が下方を向いた他の実施例の昇降ステップに比べて、底板６４２の上に溜まった雨水や泥等が排出されにくい。そこで、底板６４２に、水や泥等を下方に排出するための穴などを形成するのが好ましい。 In addition, since the stepped portion 640 has a rounded U-shaped opening facing upward, the lifting step 630 has a bottom plate as compared with the lifting step of the other embodiments in which the rounded U-shaped opening faces downward. Rainwater, mud, etc. collected on 642 are difficult to be discharged. Therefore, it is preferable to form a hole or the like in the bottom plate 642 for discharging water, mud, or the like downward.
　上述した各実施例の昇降ステップは、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とが展開配置された一枚の金属板から形成されたものであるが、上述した製造方法で製造されたものに限定されるものではない。すなわち、各実施例の昇降ステップは、平板状に展開したとき、上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とが平板の厚さ方向に重なる部分がなく、かつ繋がって一体となり、孤立した部分が無いものであればよい。これにより、孤立した部分を十分な強度で接合する工程を必要とせず、又は、接合するとしても、孤立した部分を十分な強度で接合する場合に比べて少ない接合を加えるだけで、簡単に形成することができる。 The raising / lowering step of each embodiment described above was formed from a single metal plate in which a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step part provided between the struts were deployed. However, it is not limited to those manufactured by the manufacturing method described above. That is, when the elevating step of each embodiment is developed in a flat plate shape, a pair of opposing strut portions extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the strut portions are arranged in the thickness direction of the flat plate. It is sufficient if there are no overlapping parts, they are connected and integrated, and there is no isolated part. This eliminates the need for a process for joining isolated parts with sufficient strength, or even if they are joined, it can be easily formed by adding fewer joints than when joining isolated parts with sufficient strength. can do.
　本発明は、上述した実施例に限定されるものではない。また、本発明は、発明の技術的な意義を逸脱しない範囲で適宜、変更したものも含まれる。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Moreover, what was suitably changed in the range which does not deviate from the technical significance of invention is also contained in this invention.
関連出願の相互参照Cross-reference of related applications
　本出願は、２０１５年１２月２８日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願２０１５－２５７０５７に基づいて優先権を主張し、その全ての開示は完全に本明細書で参照により組み込まれる。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-257057 filed with the Japan Patent Office on December 28, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is fully incorporated herein by reference.

Claims (14)

  1. 　上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とを備えた建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法であって、
    　一枚の金属板から前記支柱部と前記ステップ部とを有する前記昇降ステップの展開形状を打ち抜く打抜工程と、
    　前記打抜工程によって展開形状に形成された展開金属板を折り曲げて前記支柱部及び前記ステップ部を形成する折曲工程とを有することを特徴とする建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。     A method for manufacturing a lifting step for a construction machine, comprising a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the struts,
    A punching step of punching out the developed shape of the lifting step having the support column and the step part from a single metal plate,
    A method of manufacturing an ascending / descending step for a construction machine, comprising: a bending step of bending the expanded metal plate formed into a developed shape by the punching step to form the support column portion and the step portion.
  2. 　前記打抜工程は、前記金属板に切込みを入れる切込工程を有し、この切込工程によって前記支柱部に沿って切込みを複数入れことにより前記ステップ部を複数形成することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。 The punching step includes a cutting step for making a cut in the metal plate, and the step portion is formed in a plurality by making a plurality of cuts along the support post portion by the cutting step. The manufacturing method of the raising / lowering step for construction machines of claim | item 1.
  3. 　前記打抜工程は、所定部分の打抜きを前記支柱部に沿って所定間隔毎に行い、
    　前記切込工程は、前記打抜工程によって形成された複数の各開口の下縁部の両端から下方に向かって２つの切込みをそれぞれ入れ、または、複数の各開口の上縁部の両端から上方に向かって２つの切込みをそれぞれ入れ、
    　これによって、前記ステップ部を複数形成することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。     In the punching step, a predetermined portion is punched at predetermined intervals along the support column,
    The incision step includes making two incisions downward from both ends of the lower edge portions of the plurality of openings formed by the punching step, or upward from both ends of the upper edge portions of the plurality of openings. Make two incisions toward the
    The method according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the step portions are formed.
  4. 　前記支柱部の断面形状は、少なくとも１つの角部または湾曲部を有することを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。 The method of manufacturing a lifting step for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the support column has at least one corner or curved portion.
  5. 　前記ステップ部の端部を折り曲げたことを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項４のいずれか１項に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a lifting step for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an end portion of the step portion is bent.
  6. 　前記ステップ部の側部または後端部を前記支柱部に支持させることを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。 6. The method for manufacturing a lifting step for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a side portion or a rear end portion of the step portion is supported by the support column portion.
  7. 　前記打抜工程において、前記ステップ部に滑り止め用の突出部の輪郭形状を形成することを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。 The manufacture of the lifting step for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, in the punching step, a contour shape of a non-slip protrusion is formed in the step portion. Method.
  8. 　相対向する一対の支柱部及び前記支柱部間を連結するステップ部からなる昇降ステップを展開した展開図に沿って金属板を切断加工する板取工程と、
    　前記支柱部及び前記ステップ部を所定の断面形状に折り曲げる折曲工程とを有することを特徴とする建設機械用の昇降ステップの製造方法。     A plate cutting process for cutting a metal plate along a development view in which a lifting step composed of a pair of strut portions facing each other and a step portion connecting between the strut portions is developed,
    A method of manufacturing a lifting step for a construction machine, comprising: a bending step of bending the support portion and the step portion into a predetermined cross-sectional shape.
  9. 　上下方向に延びた相対向する一対の支柱部と、この支柱部の間に設けられたステップ部とが展開配置された一枚の金属板から形成されたことを特徴とする建設機械用の昇降ステップ。 A lift for a construction machine, characterized in that a pair of opposing struts extending in the vertical direction and a step portion provided between the struts are formed from a single metal plate that is deployed and arranged. Step.
  10. 　前記ステップ部が複数形成されていることを特徴とする請求項９に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップ。 The ascending / descending step for a construction machine according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of the step portions are formed.
  11. 　前記支柱部の断面形状は、少なくとも１つの角部または湾曲部を有することを特徴とする請求項９または請求項１０に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップ。 The lifting / lowering step for a construction machine according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the support column has at least one corner or curved portion.
  12. 　前記ステップ部の端部が折り曲げられていることを特徴とする請求項９ないし請求項１１のいずれか１項に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップ。 The lifting step for a construction machine according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein an end portion of the step portion is bent.
  13. 　前記ステップ部の側部または後端部が前記支柱部に支持されていることを特徴とする請求項９ないし請求項１２のいずれか１項に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップ。 The lifting / lowering step for a construction machine according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein a side portion or a rear end portion of the step portion is supported by the support column portion.
  14. 　前記ステップ部の踏板部の前端縁に対応する部分に、前記踏板部の面よりも上方に突出した突出部が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項９ないし請求項１３のいずれか１項に記載の建設機械用の昇降ステップ。 The protrusion part which protruded upwards rather than the surface of the said tread board part is formed in the part corresponding to the front-end edge of the tread part of the said step part, The any one of Claim 9 thru | or 13 characterized by the above-mentioned. Lifting steps for construction machines as described in 1.
PCT/JP2016/085885 2015-12-28 2016-12-02 Method for manufacturing access step device, and access step device WO2017115611A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62194148U (en) * 1986-05-30 1987-12-10
JP2003019923A (en) * 2001-05-01 2003-01-21 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Construction machine
JP2004218209A (en) * 2003-01-10 2004-08-05 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Tread with non-slip, lifting-lowering step, construction machinery and manufacturing method for tread
JP2006176087A (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-07-06 Kobelco Contstruction Machinery Ltd Construction machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62194148U (en) * 1986-05-30 1987-12-10
JP2003019923A (en) * 2001-05-01 2003-01-21 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Construction machine
JP2004218209A (en) * 2003-01-10 2004-08-05 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Tread with non-slip, lifting-lowering step, construction machinery and manufacturing method for tread
JP2006176087A (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-07-06 Kobelco Contstruction Machinery Ltd Construction machine

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