WO2017088809A1 - 利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品 - Google Patents

利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品 Download PDF

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WO2017088809A1
WO2017088809A1 PCT/CN2016/107226 CN2016107226W WO2017088809A1 WO 2017088809 A1 WO2017088809 A1 WO 2017088809A1 CN 2016107226 W CN2016107226 W CN 2016107226W WO 2017088809 A1 WO2017088809 A1 WO 2017088809A1
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parts
weight
saline
sulfate
soil
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PCT/CN2016/107226
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French (fr)
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黄西江
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北京清迈华清控股(集团)有限公司
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Publication of WO2017088809A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017088809A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • the invention relates to a method and a product for repairing new fertilizer by using high silicon iron tailings to produce saline-alkaline soil.
  • Saline-alkali land can be divided into light saline base, moderate saline-alkali land and heavy saline-alkali land.
  • the main feature of saline-alkali land is that it contains more water-soluble salts or alkaline substances. Due to the large amount of salt and large alkalinity, the soil humus is leached and the soil structure is destroyed. It is characterized by wet and sticky, dry and hard, often with white salt accumulation on the soil surface, poor ventilation and water permeability, and serious plant wilting. Poisoning and rotten roots die, so it is necessary to carry out soil improvement on saline-alkali soils in order to better grow agricultural plants.
  • the existing fertilizer for repairing saline-alkali land is difficult to effectively reduce soil pH and soil salinity, improve the physical and chemical shape of saline-alkali soil, and improve soil fertility.
  • the existing high-silicon iron tailings have not been fully exploited and utilized, which not only causes waste of resources, but also causes environmental pollution. To this end, the state's 12th Five-Year Plan for tailings utilization, the use of tailings harmless agriculture as a top priority.
  • some of the existing cultivated land belongs to saline-alkali soil, can not grow agricultural plants, or because the soil has high salt content and lacks the necessary elements for plant growth, resulting in problems in crop yield and safety, and using existing technology. Difficult to solve.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving soil fertility, increasing agglomerate structure in saline-alkali soil, significantly enhancing the permeability, water seepage, fat retention and water retention capacity of saline-alkali soil, and promoting the survival of beneficial microorganisms in saline-alkali soil.
  • the method for repairing new fertilizer by using the high silicon iron tailings to produce saline-alkaline soil comprises the following steps:
  • A according to 820-900 parts by weight of high silicon iron tailings, 30-50 parts by weight of straw, 14-18 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 8-12 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, 4-8 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 7-11 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 3-7 parts by weight of superphosphate, 1-5 parts by weight of ferric citrate, 12-18 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 10-16 parts by weight of sulfuric acid Ammonium, 5-9 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate, 8-12 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate, 210-250 parts by weight of peat nutrient soil and 180-220 parts by weight of humus a ratio of the acid, the above materials are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture;
  • step B The mixture obtained in step A is transferred to the pulverization chamber of the mechanical impact pulverizer, and then the pulverization chamber is sealed, and then The pulverization chamber of the mechanical impact pulverizer is evacuated, the air in the pulverization chamber is extracted, and then the mechanical impact pulverizer is started, and the mixture material in the pulverization chamber is 2800 rpm under high vacuum conditions or ultra high vacuum conditions. Minutes - 3500 rpm for 15-20 minutes of vacuum pulverization. Due to the absence of air damping and buffering, the particles of a large amount of material in the mixture will be completely broken into nano-sized particles and fully mixed. , becoming a powdery mixture;
  • step C The material obtained in step C is subjected to magnetization treatment for 15-30 minutes, and the magnetization intensity is 1600 GS-1800 GS, so that the saline-alkaline soil produced by the high-silicon iron tailings can be used to repair the new fertilizer.
  • step A is 840-880 parts by weight of high silicon iron tailings, 35-45 parts by weight of straw, 15-17 parts by weight.
  • Calcium sulfate 9-11 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, 5-7 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 8-10 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 4-6 parts by weight of superphosphate, 2-4 parts by weight Ferric citrate, 13-17 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 11-15 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 6-8 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate, 9-11 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11-14 parts by weight
  • APAM powdered anionic polyacrylamide
  • step A comprises 850-870 parts by weight of high silicon iron tailings, 40 parts by weight of straw, 16 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 10 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, 6 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 9 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts by weight of superphosphate, 3 parts by weight of ferric citrate, 15 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 13
  • the ratio of parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 7 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate, 10 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate, 230 parts by weight of peat nutrient soil, and 200 parts by weight of humic acid The material was stirred and mixed; in the step C, 4 parts by weight of powdery anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and
  • step C further comprises stirring 15-20 parts by weight of the heavy metal ion remover and 1-3 into the powder mixture by using a stirrer. Parts by weight of plant growth regulators.
  • the saline-alkaline soil of the present invention repairs the new fertilizer, and is produced by the following steps:
  • A according to 820-900 parts by weight of high silicon iron tailings, 30-50 parts by weight of straw, 14-18 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 8-12 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, 4-8 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 7-11 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 3-7 parts by weight of superphosphate, 1-5 parts by weight of ferric citrate, 12-18 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 10-16 parts by weight of sulfuric acid Ammonium, 5-9 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate, 8-12 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate, 210-250 parts by weight of peat nutrient soil and 180-220 parts by weight of humus a ratio of the acid, the above materials are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture;
  • step B The mixture obtained in step A is sent to the pulverization chamber of the mechanical impact pulverizer, and then the pulverization chamber is sealed, and then the pulverization chamber of the mechanical impact pulverizer is evacuated, the air in the pulverization chamber is extracted, and then the machine is started.
  • the impact pulverizer is used for vacuum pulverization of the mixture in the pulverizing chamber at a speed of 2800 rpm to 3500 rpm for 15-20 minutes under high vacuum conditions or ultra-high vacuum conditions, since there is no air damping, Buffering, the particles of a large amount of material in the mixture will be completely broken into nano-sized particles, and fully mixed to become a powdery mixture;
  • step C The material obtained in step C is subjected to a magnetization treatment for 15-30 minutes, and the magnetization intensity is 1600 GS-1800 GS, so that the saline-alkaline soil can be repaired.
  • step A comprises 840-880 parts by weight of high-silicon iron tailings, 35-45 parts by weight of straw, 15-17 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, and 9-11 parts by weight.
  • Zinc sulfate 5-7 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 8-10 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 4-6 parts by weight of superphosphate, 2-4 parts by weight of ferric citrate, 13-17 parts by weight
  • Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 11-15 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 6-8 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate, 9-11 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11-14 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate, 220-240 weight
  • Mixing the above materials with a ratio of peat nutrient soil and 190-210 parts by weight of humic acid and mixing 3-5 parts by weight of anionic polypropylene into the powder mixture by stirring in the step C Amide (APAM) and 7-9 parts by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • APAM anionic polypropylene
  • step A comprises 850-870 parts by weight of high silicon iron tailings, 40 parts by weight of straw, 16 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 10 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, and 6 weights.
  • the above materials are stirred and mixed in a ratio of ammonium molybdate, 10 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate, 230 parts by weight of peat nutrient soil, and 200 parts by weight of humic acid;
  • the blender was stirred and mixed with 4 parts by weight of powdery anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and 8 parts by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone into the powdery mixture.
  • APAM powdery anionic polyacrylamide
  • the saline-alkaline soil of the present invention repairs the new fertilizer, wherein the step C further comprises mixing 15-20 parts by weight of the heavy metal ion remover and 1-3 parts by weight of the plant growth regulator into the powder mixture by using a stirrer.
  • the method and product for repairing new fertilizer by using the high silicon iron tailings to produce saline-alkaline soil adopting the unique formula and process steps of the invention, adding a large amount of powdered nano-scale high silicon iron tailings and calcium sulfate to the saline-alkali soil , zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, superphosphate, ferric citrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, thereby a large amount of calcium, iron and molybdenum in the soil
  • the high-valent metal ions, activated high-valent metal ions, and then the sodium ions adsorbed by the soil colloid, and finally adsorbed free sodium ions and other salt-forming salts by ammonium polyacrylate, anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and polyvinylpyrrolidone a large amount of
  • the ions, together with the vacuum-pulverized peat nutrient soil and humic acid, are added to the saline-alkali soil.
  • These organic materials can be more effectively and thoroughly decomposed in the saline-alkali soil due to vacuum pulverization, and in the decomposition process. Produces a large amount of organic acids.
  • a large amount of organic acids can neutralize soil alkalinity, on the other hand, it can accelerate the formation of nutrients beneficial to plants and promote Nutrient transformation, improve the effectiveness of nutrients, improve soil fertility, and greatly increase the agglomerate structure in saline-alkali soil, significantly enhance the permeability, water seepage, fertilizer retention, water retention capacity of saline-alkali soil, and promote the beneficial of saline-alkali soil. The number of microbes that survive.
  • the application of the saline-alkaline soil of the present invention to the new fertilizer 18000-22000 kg per 666 m2, and then the cultivation of the saline-alkali ground 350 mm-500 mm, can achieve the purpose of repairing the saline-alkali land and transforming it into a good field.
  • the new fertilizer is applied at 28,000-38,000 kg per 666 m2, and then the saline-alkali land is 350 mm-500 mm, which can have a better repairing effect on the saline-alkali soil.
  • the saline-alkaline soil of the present invention is applied to repair the new fertilizer 48,000-55,000 kg per 666 m2, and then the saline-alkali land is 350 mm-500 mm, and the saline-alkali land can be significantly improved.
  • high-silicon iron tailings to produce saline-alkaline soil to repair new fertilizer can not only increase and update the soil organic matter in saline-alkali soil, but also accelerate the salting, prevent salt return, enhance the ability to protect drought and drought, and improve the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali land.
  • the nutrients needed by plants can provide rich nutrients for various crops, and can fully exploit high-silicon iron tailings to improve economic efficiency and reduce environmental pollution caused by high-silicon iron tailings, thus forming a A virtuous cycle. Therefore, the method and product for repairing new fertilizer by using the high silicon iron tailings to produce saline-alkali soil have outstanding substantive features and remarkable progress.
  • the invention utilizes high silicon iron tailings to produce salinized soil to repair new fertilizer, and comprises the following steps:
  • A according to 820-900 parts by weight of high silicon iron tailings, 30-50 parts by weight of straw, 14-18 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 8-12 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, 4-8 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 7-11 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 3-7 parts by weight of superphosphate, 1-5 parts by weight of ferric citrate, 12-18 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 10-16 parts by weight of sulfuric acid Ammonium, 5-9 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate, 8-12 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate, 210-250 parts by weight of peat nutrient soil and 180-220 parts by weight of humus a ratio of the acid, the above materials are stirred and mixed to obtain a mixture;
  • step B The mixture obtained in step A is sent to the pulverization chamber of the mechanical impact pulverizer, and then the pulverization chamber is sealed, and then the pulverization chamber of the mechanical impact pulverizer is evacuated, the air in the pulverization chamber is extracted, and then the machine is started.
  • Impact mill under high vacuum conditions (0.001pa-0.000001pa) or ultra-high vacuum conditions (0.000001pa-0.00000000001pa), the mixture in the pulverizing chamber is rotated at 2800 rpm to 3500 rpm.
  • step C The material obtained in step C is subjected to magnetization treatment for 15-30 minutes, and the magnetization intensity is 1600 GS-1800 GS, so that the saline-alkaline soil produced by the high-silicon iron tailings can be used to repair the new fertilizer.
  • the above magnetization treatment is very important, which can significantly improve the adsorption capacity of high-valent metal ions and soil colloids, and enable activated high-valent metal ions to more efficiently replace sodium ions adsorbed by soil colloids.
  • step A according to 840-880 parts by weight of high-silicon iron tailings, 35-45 parts by weight of straw, 15-17 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 9-11 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, 5 7 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 8-10 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 4-6 parts by weight of superphosphate, 2-4 parts by weight of ferric citrate, 13-17 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 11-15 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 6-8 parts by weight of ammonium molybdate, 9-11 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11-14 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate, and 220-240 parts by weight of peat nutrient soil And mixing the above materials with a ratio of 190 to 210 parts by weight of humic acid; in the above step C, stirring and mixing 3-5 parts by weight of the anionic polyacrylamide (
  • step A 850-870 parts by weight of high silicon iron tailings, 40 parts by weight of straw, 16 parts by weight of calcium sulfate, 10 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, and 6 parts by weight of potassium sulfate are used.
  • the above step C further comprises stirring 15-20 parts by weight of the heavy metal ion remover and 1-3 parts by weight of the plant growth regulator into the powder mixture by means of a stirrer.
  • the saline-alkaline soil of the present invention is used to repair new fertilizer, and is prepared by the above steps.
  • the saline-alkaline soil of the invention repairs the new fertilizer by adding a large amount of powdered nano-scale high-silicon iron tailings, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, super-calcium phosphate, ferric citrate, and seven to the saline-alkali soil.
  • Magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can activate a large amount of high-valent metal ions such as calcium, iron, and molybdenum in the soil, and the activated high-valent metal ions can largely replace the sodium ions adsorbed by the soil colloid.
  • the salt-alkaline soil of the present invention can be used to repair 18000-22000 kg of fresh fertilizer per 666 m2, and then the cultivation of saline-alkali land 350 mm-500 mm can achieve the restoration of saline-alkali land, effectively reducing soil pH and soil salinity. Improve the physical and chemical shape of saline-alkali soil and improve soil fertility.
  • the new fertilizer is 28000-38000 kg per 666 m2, and then the ploughing of the saline-alkali land is 350 mm-500 mm, which can better repair the saline-alkali land and effectively reduce the soil pH and soil content.
  • the amount of salt improves the physical and chemical shape of saline-alkali soil and improves soil fertility.
  • the application of the saline-alkaline soil of the present invention to repair new fertilizer 48000-55000 kg per 666 m2, and then plowing the saline-alkali land 350 mm-500 mm, can significantly improve the saline-alkali land, effectively reduce the soil pH and soil salinity, and improve the saline-alkali soil.
  • the physical and chemical shape enhances soil fertility.
  • the saline-alkaline soil repairing new fertilizer can increase the humus of the soil, is favorable for the formation of the agglomerate structure, improves the aeration, water permeability and nutrient status of the saline-alkali soil, and the organic acid produced after the decomposition can neutralize the alkalinity of the soil and loosen the soil.
  • Transparent the formation of soil aggregate structure, the phenomenon of water accumulation in the field is significantly reduced, can accelerate the salting, prevent salt return, enhance the ability to protect the drought, and will not cause the dark alkali to turn to the surface because of tillage.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,包括820—900重量份高硅铁尾矿、14—18重量份硫酸钙、8—12重量份硫酸锌、4—8重量份硫酸钾、7—11重量份七水硫酸亚铁、3—7重量份过磷酸钙、1—5重量份柠檬酸铁、12—18重量份七水硫酸镁、10—16重量份的硫酸铵、5—9重量份钼酸铵、8—12重量份磷酸二氢钾、10—15重量份聚丙烯酸铵、210—250重量份泥炭营养土和180—220重量份腐植酸,将上述物料搅拌混合,然后对混合物料进行真空粉碎处理。其目的在于提供一种可提高土壤肥力,显著增强盐碱土壤的透气、渗水、保肥、保水能力的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品。

Description

利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品 技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品。
背景技术
盐碱地可以分为轻盐碱地、中度盐碱地和重盐碱地。盐碱地的主要特点是含有较多的水溶性盐或碱性物质。由于盐分多,碱性大,使土壤腐殖质遭到淋失,土壤结构受到破坏,表现为湿时黏,干时硬,土表常有白色盐分积淀,通气、透水不良,严重的会造成植物萎蔫、中毒和烂根死亡,所以必须对盐碱地进行土壤改良后,才能更好地种植农用植物。但现有的用于修复盐碱地的肥料,很难有效降低土壤PH值及土壤含盐量,改善盐碱土的理化形状,提高土壤肥力。此外,现有的高硅铁尾矿由于未能加以充分的开发利用,不仅导致资源的浪费,还会造成对环境的污染。为此,国家关于尾矿利用十二五规划,将尾矿无害化农用作为重中之重。
此外,现有的一些耕地属于盐碱土,不能种植农用植物,或者由于土壤含盐量高,缺乏植物生长所需的必要元素,导致农作物的产量、安全性都出现问题,并且利用现有技术很难加以解决。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可提高土壤肥力,增加盐碱土壤中的团粒结构,显著增强盐碱土壤的透气、渗水、保肥、保水能力,促进盐碱土壤中的有益微生物的生存数量,降低土壤PH值及土壤含盐量,改善盐碱土的理化形状,增强保墒抗旱能力的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品。
本发明的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,包括如下步骤:
A、按照820—900重量份的高硅铁尾矿、30—50重量份的秸秆、14—18重量份的硫酸钙、8—12重量份的硫酸锌、4—8重量份的硫酸钾、7—11重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、3—7重量份的过磷酸钙、1—5重量份的柠檬酸铁、12—18重量份的七水硫酸镁、10—16重量份的硫酸铵、5—9重量份的钼酸铵、8—12重量份的磷酸二氢钾、10—15重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、210—250重量份的泥炭营养土和180—220重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合,得到混合物料;
B、将步骤A得到的混合物料输送到机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室内,然后密封粉碎室,再 对机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室进行抽真空处理,抽出粉碎室内的空气,然后再启动机械冲击式粉碎机,在高真空条件下或超高真空条件下对粉碎室内的混合物料以2800转/分钟—3500转/分钟的转速进行15—20分钟的真空粉碎处理,由于没有空气的阻尼、缓冲作用,混合物料中大量的物料的颗粒会被彻底打碎成为纳米级颗粒,并发生充分的混合,成为粉状混合物料;
C、打开密封粉碎室,取出密封粉碎室中的全部粉状混合物料,利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入2—6重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和6—10重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;
D、对步骤C得到的物料进行15—30分钟的磁化处理,磁化强度为1600GS-1800GS,即可得到利用高硅铁尾矿生产的盐碱土修复新肥。
本发明的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,其中所述步骤A中按照840—880重量份的高硅铁尾矿、35—45重量份的秸秆、15—17重量份的硫酸钙、9—11重量份的硫酸锌、5—7重量份的硫酸钾、8—10重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、4—6重量份的过磷酸钙、2—4重量份的柠檬酸铁、13—17重量份的七水硫酸镁、11—15重量份的硫酸铵、6—8重量份的钼酸铵、9—11重量份的磷酸二氢钾、11—14重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、220—240重量份的泥炭营养土和190—210重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入3—5重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和7—9重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
本发明的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,其中所述步骤A中按照850—870重量份的高硅铁尾矿、40重量份的秸秆、16重量份的硫酸钙、10重量份的硫酸锌、6重量份的硫酸钾、9重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、5重量份的过磷酸钙、3重量份的柠檬酸铁、15重量份的七水硫酸镁、13重量份的硫酸铵、7重量份的钼酸铵、10重量份的磷酸二氢钾、12重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、230重量份的泥炭营养土和200重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入4重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和8重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
本发明的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,其中所述步骤C中还包括利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入15—20重量份的重金属离子去除剂和1—3重量份的植物生长调节剂。
本发明的盐碱土修复新肥,采用如下步骤生产制成:
A、按照820—900重量份的高硅铁尾矿、30—50重量份的秸秆、14—18重量份的硫酸钙、8—12重量份的硫酸锌、4—8重量份的硫酸钾、7—11重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、3—7重量份的过磷酸钙、1—5重量份的柠檬酸铁、12—18重量份的七水硫酸镁、10—16重量份的硫酸铵、5—9重量份的钼酸铵、8—12重量份的磷酸二氢钾、10—15重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、210—250重量份的泥炭营养土和180—220重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合,得到混合物料;
B、将步骤A得到的混合物料输送到机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室内,然后密封粉碎室,再对机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室进行抽真空处理,抽出粉碎室内的空气,然后再启动机械冲击式粉碎机,在高真空条件下或超高真空条件下对粉碎室内的混合物料以2800转/分钟—3500转/分钟的转速进行15—20分钟的真空粉碎处理,由于没有空气的阻尼、缓冲作用,混合物料中大量的物料的颗粒会被彻底打碎成为纳米级颗粒,并发生充分的混合,成为粉状混合物料;
C、打开密封粉碎室,取出密封粉碎室中的全部粉状混合物料,利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入2—6重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和6—10重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;
D、对步骤C得到的物料进行15—30分钟的磁化处理,磁化强度为1600GS-1800GS,即可得到盐碱土修复新肥。
本发明的盐碱土修复新肥,其中所述步骤A中按照840—880重量份的高硅铁尾矿、35—45重量份的秸秆、15—17重量份的硫酸钙、9—11重量份的硫酸锌、5—7重量份的硫酸钾、8—10重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、4—6重量份的过磷酸钙、2—4重量份的柠檬酸铁、13—17重量份的七水硫酸镁、11—15重量份的硫酸铵、6—8重量份的钼酸铵、9—11重量份的磷酸二氢钾、11—14重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、220—240重量份的泥炭营养土和190—210重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入3—5重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和7—9重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
本发明的盐碱土修复新肥,其中所述步骤A中按照850—870重量份的高硅铁尾矿、40重量份的秸秆、16重量份的硫酸钙、10重量份的硫酸锌、6重量份的硫酸钾、9重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、5重量份的过磷酸钙、3重量份的柠檬酸铁、15重量份的七水硫酸镁、13重量份的硫酸铵、7重量份的钼酸铵、10重量份的磷酸二氢钾、12重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、230重量份的泥炭营养土和200重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用 搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入4重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和8重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
本发明的盐碱土修复新肥,其中所述步骤C中还包括利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入15—20重量份的重金属离子去除剂和1—3重量份的植物生长调节剂。
本发明的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品,采用本发明独有的配方和工艺步骤,通过向盐碱地中加入大量粉状的纳米级高硅铁尾矿、硫酸钙、硫酸锌、硫酸钾、七水硫酸亚铁、过磷酸钙、柠檬酸铁、七水硫酸镁、硫酸铵、钼酸铵、磷酸二氢钾,由此可大量激活土壤中钙、铁、钼等高价金属离子,被激活的高价金属离子进而大量置换与土壤胶体吸附的钠离子,最后再通过聚丙烯酸铵、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮吸附游离的钠离子和其它成盐离子,再加上向盐碱地中加入了经过真空粉碎处理过的泥炭营养土和腐植酸,这些有机质由于经过真空粉碎处理,可以更有效、彻底的在盐碱土壤中发生分解,并在分解过程中产生大量的有机酸,大量的有机酸一方面可以中和土壤碱性,另一方面可加速对植物有益的养分形成,促进迟效养分转化,提高养分的有效性,提高土壤肥力,并可极大地增加盐碱土壤中的团粒结构,显著增强盐碱土壤的透气、渗水、保肥、保水能力,促进盐碱土壤中的有益微生物的生存数量。实验表明,对于轻盐碱地,按照每666m2施入本发明的盐碱土修复新肥18000—22000千克,然后翻耕盐碱地350mm—500mm,即可达到修复盐碱地、将其改造为良田的目的。对于中度盐碱地,按照每666m2施入本发明的盐碱土修复新肥28000—38000千克,然后翻耕盐碱地350mm—500mm,即可对盐碱地有较好的修复效应。对于重盐碱地,按照每666m2施入本发明的盐碱土修复新肥48000—55000千克,然后翻耕盐碱地350mm—500mm,即可显著改良盐碱地。
本发明的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥,不仅可增加和更新盐碱地土壤有机质,还能很好地加速淋盐,防止返盐,增强保墒抗旱能力,改善盐碱地的理化性质,提供植物所需营养,同时可为各种作物提供丰富的营养成分,并可对高硅铁尾矿加以充分开发使用,以提高经济效益,减少高硅铁尾矿对环境造成的污染,进而形成一种良性循环。因此,本发明的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品具有突出的实质性特点和显著的进步。
下面结合对本发明利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法及产品作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本发明利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,包括如下步骤:
A、按照820—900重量份的高硅铁尾矿、30—50重量份的秸秆、14—18重量份的硫酸钙、8—12重量份的硫酸锌、4—8重量份的硫酸钾、7—11重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、3—7重量份的过磷酸钙、1—5重量份的柠檬酸铁、12—18重量份的七水硫酸镁、10—16重量份的硫酸铵、5—9重量份的钼酸铵、8—12重量份的磷酸二氢钾、10—15重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、210—250重量份的泥炭营养土和180—220重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合,得到混合物料;
B、将步骤A得到的混合物料输送到机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室内,然后密封粉碎室,再对机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室进行抽真空处理,抽出粉碎室内的空气,然后再启动机械冲击式粉碎机,在高真空条件下(0.001pa—0.000001pa)或超高真空条件下(0.000001pa—0.00000000001pa)对粉碎室内的混合物料以2800转/分钟—3500转/分钟的转速进行15—20分钟的真空粉碎处理,让机械冲击式粉碎机围绕水平或垂直方向的高速旋转子上的冲击元件(棒、叶片、锤头等)对物料施以激烈的冲击,由于没有空气的阻尼、缓冲作用,混合物料中大量的物料的颗粒会被彻底打碎成为纳米级颗粒,并发生充分的混合,成为粉状混合物料;
C、打开密封粉碎室,取出密封粉碎室中的全部粉状混合物料,利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入2—6重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和6—10重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;
D、对步骤C得到的物料进行15—30分钟的磁化处理,磁化强度为1600GS-1800GS,即可得到利用高硅铁尾矿生产的盐碱土修复新肥。上述磁化处理至关重要,其可显著提高高价金属离子与土壤胶体的吸附能力,让被激活的高价金属离子更高效地置换与土壤胶体吸附的钠离子。
作为本发明的改进,上述步骤A中按照840—880重量份的高硅铁尾矿、35—45重量份的秸秆、15—17重量份的硫酸钙、9—11重量份的硫酸锌、5—7重量份的硫酸钾、8—10重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、4—6重量份的过磷酸钙、2—4重量份的柠檬酸铁、13—17重量份的七水硫酸镁、11—15重量份的硫酸铵、6—8重量份的钼酸铵、9—11重量份的磷酸二氢钾、11—14重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、220—240重量份的泥炭营养土和190—210重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;上述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入3—5重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和7—9重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
作为本发明的进一步改进,上述步骤A中按照850—870重量份的高硅铁尾矿、40重量份的秸秆、16重量份的硫酸钙、10重量份的硫酸锌、6重量份的硫酸钾、9重量份的七水硫 酸亚铁、5重量份的过磷酸钙、3重量份的柠檬酸铁、15重量份的七水硫酸镁、13重量份的硫酸铵、7重量份的钼酸铵、10重量份的磷酸二氢钾、12重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、230重量份的泥炭营养土和200重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;上述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入4重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和8重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
作为本发明的进一步改进,上述步骤C中还包括利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入15—20重量份的重金属离子去除剂和1—3重量份的植物生长调节剂。
本发明的盐碱土修复新肥,采用上述步骤制成。
本发明的盐碱土修复新肥,通过向盐碱地中加入大量粉状的纳米级高硅铁尾矿、硫酸钙、硫酸锌、硫酸钾、七水硫酸亚铁、过磷酸钙、柠檬酸铁、七水硫酸镁、硫酸铵、钼酸铵、磷酸二氢钾,由此可大量激活土壤中钙、铁、钼等高价金属离子,被激活的高价金属离子进而大量置换与土壤胶体吸附的钠离子,最后再通过聚丙烯酸铵、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮吸附游离的钠离子和其它成盐离子,再加上向盐碱地中加入了经过真空粉碎处理过的泥炭营养土和腐植酸,这些有机质由于经过真空粉碎处理,可以更有效、彻底的在盐碱土壤中发生分解,并在分解过程中产生大量的有机酸,大量的有机酸一方面可以中和土壤碱性,另一方面可加速对植物有益的养分形成,促进迟效养分转化,提高养分的有效性,提高土壤肥力,并可极大地增加盐碱土壤中的团粒结构,显著增强盐碱土壤的透气、渗水、保肥、保水能力,促进盐碱土壤中的有益微生物的生存数量。实验表明,对于轻盐碱地,按照每666m2施入本发明的盐碱土修复新肥18000—22000千克,然后翻耕盐碱地350mm—500mm,即可达到修复盐碱地、有效降低土壤PH值及土壤含盐量,改善盐碱土的理化形状,提高土壤肥力。对于中度盐碱地,按照每666m2施入本发明的盐碱土修复新肥28000—38000千克,然后翻耕盐碱地350mm—500mm,即可对盐碱地有较好的修复效应,有效降低土壤PH值及土壤含盐量,改善盐碱土的理化形状,提高土壤肥力。对于重盐碱地,按照每666m2施入本发明的盐碱土修复新肥48000—55000千克,然后翻耕盐碱地350mm—500mm,即可显著改良盐碱地,有效降低土壤PH值及土壤含盐量,改善盐碱土的理化形状,提高土壤肥力。
本发明的盐碱土修复新肥能增加土壤的腐殖质,有利于团粒结构的形成,改良盐碱土的通气、透水和养料状况,分解后产生的有机酸还能中和土壤的碱性,让土壤疏松通透,土壤团粒结构形成,田间积水现象明显减少,能很好地加速淋盐,防止返盐,增强保墒抗旱能力,而不会因为翻耕造成暗碱翻到地表。

Claims (8)

  1. 利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
    A、按照820—900重量份的高硅铁尾矿、30—50重量份的秸秆、14—18重量份的硫酸钙、8—12重量份的硫酸锌、4—8重量份的硫酸钾、7—11重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、3—7重量份的过磷酸钙、1—5重量份的柠檬酸铁、12—18重量份的七水硫酸镁、10—16重量份的硫酸铵、5—9重量份的钼酸铵、8—12重量份的磷酸二氢钾、10—15重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、210—250重量份的泥炭营养土和180—220重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合,得到混合物料;
    B、将步骤A得到的混合物料输送到机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室内,然后密封粉碎室,再对机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室进行抽真空处理,抽出粉碎室内的空气,然后再启动机械冲击式粉碎机,在高真空条件下或超高真空条件下对粉碎室内的混合物料以2800转/分钟—3500转/分钟的转速进行15—20分钟的真空粉碎处理,由于没有空气的阻尼、缓冲作用,混合物料中大量的物料的颗粒会被彻底打碎成为纳米级颗粒,并发生充分的混合,成为粉状混合物料;
    C、打开密封粉碎室,取出密封粉碎室中的全部粉状混合物料,利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入2—6重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺和6—10重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;
    D、对步骤C得到的物料进行15—30分钟的磁化处理,磁化强度为1600GS-1800GS,即可得到利用高硅铁尾矿生产的盐碱土修复新肥。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤A中按照840—880重量份的高硅铁尾矿、35—45重量份的秸秆、15—17重量份的硫酸钙、9—11重量份的硫酸锌、5—7重量份的硫酸钾、8—10重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、4—6重量份的过磷酸钙、2—4重量份的柠檬酸铁、13—17重量份的七水硫酸镁、11—15重量份的硫酸铵、6—8重量份的钼酸铵、9—11重量份的磷酸二氢钾、11—14重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、220—240重量份的泥炭营养土和190—210重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入3—5重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺和7—9重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤A中按照850—870重量份的高硅铁尾矿、40重量份的秸秆、16重量份的硫酸钙、10重量份的硫酸锌、6重量份的硫酸钾、9重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、5重量份的过磷酸钙、3重量份的柠檬酸铁、15重量份的七水硫酸镁、13重量份的硫酸铵、7重量份的钼酸铵、10重量份的磷酸二氢钾、12重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、230重量份的泥炭营养土和200重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入4重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺和8重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的利用高硅铁尾矿生产盐碱土修复新肥的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤C中还包括利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入15—20重量份的重金属离 子去除剂和1—3重量份的植物生长调节剂。
  5. 盐碱土修复新肥,其特征在于采用如下步骤生产制成:
    A、按照820—900重量份的高硅铁尾矿、30—50重量份的秸秆、14—18重量份的硫酸钙、8—12重量份的硫酸锌、4—8重量份的硫酸钾、7—11重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、3—7重量份的过磷酸钙、1—5重量份的柠檬酸铁、12—18重量份的七水硫酸镁、10—16重量份的硫酸铵、5—9重量份的钼酸铵、8—12重量份的磷酸二氢钾、10—15重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、210—250重量份的泥炭营养土和180—220重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合,得到混合物料;
    B、将步骤A得到的混合物料输送到机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室内,然后密封粉碎室,再对机械冲击式粉碎机的粉碎室进行抽真空处理,抽出粉碎室内的空气,然后再启动机械冲击式粉碎机,在高真空条件下或超高真空条件下对粉碎室内的混合物料以2800转/分钟—3500转/分钟的转速进行15—20分钟的真空粉碎处理,由于没有空气的阻尼、缓冲作用,混合物料中大量的物料的颗粒会被彻底打碎成为纳米级颗粒,并发生充分的混合,成为粉状混合物料;
    C、打开密封粉碎室,取出密封粉碎室中的全部粉状混合物料,利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入2—6重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺和6—10重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;
    D、对步骤C得到的物料进行15—30分钟的磁化处理,磁化强度为1600GS-1800GS,即可得到盐碱土修复新肥。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的盐碱土修复新肥,其特征在于:所述步骤A中按照840—880重量份的高硅铁尾矿、35—45重量份的秸秆、15—17重量份的硫酸钙、9—11重量份的硫酸锌、5—7重量份的硫酸钾、8—10重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、4—6重量份的过磷酸钙、2—4重量份的柠檬酸铁、13—17重量份的七水硫酸镁、11—15重量份的硫酸铵、6—8重量份的钼酸铵、9—11重量份的磷酸二氢钾、11—14重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、220—240重量份的泥炭营养土和190—210重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入3—5重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺和7—9重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的盐碱土修复新肥,其特征在于:所述步骤A中按照850—870重量份的高硅铁尾矿、40重量份的秸秆、16重量份的硫酸钙、10重量份的硫酸锌、6重量份的硫酸钾、9重量份的七水硫酸亚铁、5重量份的过磷酸钙、3重量份的柠檬酸铁、15重量份的七水硫酸镁、13重量份的硫酸铵、7重量份的钼酸铵、10重量份的磷酸二氢钾、12重量份的聚丙烯酸铵、230重量份的泥炭营养土和200重量份的腐植酸的比例,将上述物料搅拌混合;所述步骤C中利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入4重量份的粉粒状的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺和8重量份的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6或7所述的盐碱土修复新肥,其特征在于:所述步骤C中还包括利用搅拌机向粉状混合物料中搅拌混入15—20重量份的重金属离子去除剂和1—3重量份的植物生长调节剂。
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