WO2017081767A1 - 加工用ノズルおよび光加工装置 - Google Patents
加工用ノズルおよび光加工装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017081767A1 WO2017081767A1 PCT/JP2015/081727 JP2015081727W WO2017081767A1 WO 2017081767 A1 WO2017081767 A1 WO 2017081767A1 JP 2015081727 W JP2015081727 W JP 2015081727W WO 2017081767 A1 WO2017081767 A1 WO 2017081767A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
- B23K26/1464—Supply to, or discharge from, nozzles of media, e.g. gas, powder, wire
- B23K26/1476—Features inside the nozzle for feeding the fluid stream through the nozzle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1036—Means for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials, or several in selected proportions, to the applying apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1435—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor involving specially adapted flow control means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1435—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor involving specially adapted flow control means
- B23K26/1438—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor involving specially adapted flow control means for directional control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a processing nozzle that injects fluid to a processing point in an optical processing apparatus that forms a model by irradiating a fluid containing a processing material with light.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for switching the injection or stop of the powder flow from the nozzle by stopping the flow of the powder flow.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for solving the above-described problems.
- a processing nozzle comprises: A source of fluid containing powder; A first flow path through which the fluid supplied from the supply source passes; A second flow path for supplying the fluid to the nozzle outlet; A third flow path for opening the fluid to the outside of the nozzle; When supplying the fluid to the injection port, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are communicated, and when the fluid is not supplied to the injection port, the first flow channel and the third flow channel are provided. Switching means for communicating with the road; Is provided.
- an optical processing apparatus comprises: The above processing nozzle was used.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a processing nozzle 100 according to the present embodiment, and shows a case where a powder flow is supplied to a processing point.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the configuration of the processing nozzle 100 according to the present embodiment, and shows a case where a powder flow is not supplied to the processing point.
- the processing nozzle 100 is a member that is attached to the tip of the optical processing apparatus and supplies a powder flow 170 containing powder that is a material such as a three-dimensional structure to the processing point 181.
- the optical processing apparatus to which the processing nozzle 100 is attached condenses light toward the processing point 181, melts the powder contained in the powder flow 170 supplied to the processing point 181, and creates a three-dimensional structure. Performs modeling and overlay welding.
- the processing nozzle 100 includes a supply source 101, a part 102, a part 103, a switching unit 104, a nozzle cone 105, and a recovery path 106.
- the component 102 has a channel 121 (first channel)
- the component 103 has a channel 131 (second channel) and a channel 132 (third channel)
- the nozzle cone 105 has a flow channel 151 and an injection port 152.
- the channel is a member provided with a gap or a hole through which a fluid flows.
- the member may be metal or resin, but is not limited thereto.
- the fluid is a fluid having a fluidity such as gas or liquid, or a material mixed with them.
- the powder flow 170 is a fluid.
- the supply source 101 supplies a powder flow 170 containing powder, which is a material such as a three-dimensional structure, to the processing nozzle 100.
- the powder flow 170 is a mixture of a metal powder or the like in an inert gas (a rare gas such as argon, helium, or nitrogen).
- the light beam is irradiated from an optical system (not shown), passes through the light beam path 160, and is focused on a region having a predetermined area including the processing point 181 and the processing point 181.
- An inert gas a rare gas such as argon, helium, or nitrogen
- the switching unit 104 switches the communication destination channel of the channel 121 by moving the component 102 in the illustrated arrow direction (190, 191). That is, when it is desired to supply the powder flow 170 to the processing point 181, the switching unit 104 moves the component 102 so that the flow path 121 and the flow path 131 communicate with each other. On the other hand, when the powder flow is not supplied to the processing point 181, the switching unit 104 moves the component 102 so that the flow path 121 and the flow path 132 communicate with each other.
- the component 102 and the component 103 can change their relative positions. That is, the component 102 can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise about the central axis 180 as a rotation axis. Then, by rotating the component 102 in this way, the user of the optical processing apparatus can appropriately select supply or non-supply of the powder flow 170.
- the flow path 132 may be opened to the outside as it is, or may be connected to a recovery pod (not shown) via the recovery path 106. If the powder contained in the powder flow 170 is collected by the collection pod, the collected powder can be reused. On the other hand, when the flow path 132 is opened to the outside as it is, the utilization efficiency of the powder is reduced, but the collection path 106 and the collection pod are not required, and thus the entire apparatus can be made compact.
- R 1 be the flow path resistance of the path from the flow path 121 to the injection port 152 via the flow path 131 and the flow path 151, that is, the path for supplying the powder flow 170 to the processing point 181.
- the flow path resistance until just before flowing into the recovery path 106 from the flow path 121 through the flow path 132, that is, the flow path resistance of the path when the powder flow 170 is not supplied to the processing point 181 is R 2 .
- R 1 and R 2 are R 1 ⁇ R 2 (1) Satisfy the relationship. That is, the channel resistance of the path for supplying the powder flow 170 to the processing point 181 is greater than the channel resistance of the path for not supplying the powder flow 170 to the processing point 181. It has become.
- the inlet and outlet of each flow path are the inlet on the upstream side and the outlet on the downstream side of the flow of the powder flow 170.
- the outlet of the flow path 121 and the inlet of the flow path 131 are different from each other. It is in the position state which opposes.
- the supplied powder flow 170 When the powder flow 170 is supplied from the supply source 101 to the processing nozzle 100, the supplied powder flow 170 first enters the flow channel 121 from the inlet of the flow channel 121 and passes through the flow channel 121. Then, it reaches the outlet of the channel 121. The powder flow 170 flowing out from the outlet of the channel 121 then enters the channel 131 from the inlet of the channel 131 and passes through the channel 131 to the outlet of the channel 131. To reach.
- the powder flow 170 that has reached the outlet of the channel 131 enters the channel 151 from the inlet of the channel 151, passes through the channel 151, and reaches the outlet of the channel 151. Then, the powder flow 170 that has reached the outlet of the flow channel 151 enters the nozzle cone 105, passes through a slit (not shown) in the nozzle cone 105, and passes from the injection port 152 to the processing point 181. Supplied. The powder flow 170 injected from the injection port 152 converges to the processing point 181.
- the supplied powder flow 170 When the powder flow 170 is supplied from the supply source 101 to the processing nozzle 100, the supplied powder flow 170 first enters the flow channel 121 from the inlet of the flow channel 121 and passes through the flow channel 121. Then, it reaches the outlet of the channel 121. The powder flow 170 flowing out from the outlet of the channel 121 then enters the channel 132 from the inlet of the channel 132 and passes through the channel 132 to the outlet of the channel 132. To reach.
- the powder flow 170 that has reached the outlet of the flow path 132 enters the recovery path 106 from the inlet of the recovery path 106, passes through the recovery path 106, and reaches the outlet of the recovery path 106.
- the powder flow 170 that has reached the outlet of the recovery path 106 flows into a recovery pod (not shown) and is recovered.
- the powder flow 170 is not supplied to the nozzle cone 105, and thus is not injected from the injection port 152, and the powder flow 170 is not injected. It becomes a state.
- the rotation of the component 102 is performed instantaneously, for example, during the switching from the state in which the channel 121 and the channel 131 are communicated to the state in which the channel 121 and the channel 132 are in communication.
- the powder flow 170 continues to flow without stopping the flow. Since the powder flow 170 continues to flow, the time for which the flow of the powder flow 170 stagnates becomes very short, and a large change in the flow rate of the powder flow 170 does not occur. That is, it is possible to reduce the time during which the powder flow 170 is in an unsteady state, that is, the flow of the powder flow 170 is uneven and the turbulent flow is generated. It becomes possible to keep in a state. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the powder convergence due to the unsteady state of the powder flow 170.
- the flow path resistance (greater than R 2 ) of the path leading to can be made equal. That is, the channel resistance of the entire channel when the channel 121 and the channel 131 are communicated with the channel resistance of the entire channel when the channel 121 and the channel 132 are communicated. be able to.
- the flow rate of the powder flow 170 can be equalized when the powder flow 170 is injected or not.
- the change in the flow rate of the powder flow 170 can be suppressed, and the time for the flow of the powder flow 170 to be in an unsteady state can be further reduced. it can.
- by making the flow resistances of the entire flow paths equal it is possible to prevent the powder convergence from deteriorating due to the unsteady flow of the powder flow 170.
- the reason why the flow path resistance of the entire flow path can be made equal when the powder flow 170 is injected from the injection port 152 and when the powder flow 170 is not injected is that Expression (1) is satisfied. If the recovery path 106 is connected to the nozzle cone 105, the flow path resistance increases. For this reason, when the expression (1) is not satisfied, the channel resistances cannot be made equal. That is, by satisfying the expression (1), it is possible to equalize the flow path resistance and prevent deterioration of the powder convergence.
- the time during which the steady state of the powder flow is interrupted can be shortened and the steady state of the powder flow can be maintained, a powder flow with good powder convergence is supplied to the processing point. it can.
- pouring of powder flow or non-injection can be switched suitably, useless injection
- FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the configuration of the machining nozzle according to the present embodiment.
- the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that two flow paths are provided in the component 302, two flow paths are provided in the component 303, and a drive unit 350 is provided. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the processing nozzle 300 includes a component 302, a component 303, and a drive unit 350.
- the component 302 has a flow path 321 (first flow path) and a flow path 322 (fourth flow path), and the component 303 includes a flow path 331 (second flow path) and a flow path 332 (third flow path). And a flow path 333 (sixth flow path).
- the powder flow 170 supplied from the supply source passes through the flow paths 321 and 322 of the component 302, and each powder flow 170 that has passed through these flow paths is one of the flow paths 331, 332, and 333 of the component 303. Flow through.
- the flow path 331 is connected to a flow path provided in the nozzle cone 105 of the processing nozzle 300.
- the driving unit 350 rotates the component 302. Thereby, the relative position of the component 302 and the component 303 can be changed (rotated).
- the driving unit 350 includes pressurizing inflow ports 351 and 352, and a pressurizing fluid flows into the pressurizing inflow ports 351 and 352 to drive the driving unit 350 and rotate the component 302. Examples of the pressurizing fluid include gas and oil, but are not limited thereto.
- the drive unit 350 is driven by gas pressure or hydraulic pressure. As described above, since the driving unit 350 is driven using the pressurizing fluid (by pressurization), even if powder contained in the powder flow 170 is mixed into the driving unit 350, a malfunction occurs. Can be suppressed.
- the driving method of the driving unit 350 may be electrically controlled in addition to the method using gas pressure or hydraulic pressure, and is not limited thereto.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram for explaining a state when the powder flow 170 is not injected from the processing nozzle 300 according to this embodiment (non-injection of the powder flow).
- FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C are diagrams for explaining a state when the powder flow 170 is injected from the processing nozzle 300 according to the present embodiment (powder flow injection).
- the supplied powder flow 170 When the powder flow 170 is supplied from the supply source 101 to the processing nozzle 300, the supplied powder flow 170 first enters the flow paths 321 and 322 from the inlets of the flow paths 321 and 322, 321 and 322 and reach the outlets of the flow paths 321 and 322. The powder flow 170 flowing out from the outlets of the flow paths 321 and 322 then enters the flow paths 332 and 333 from the inlets of the flow paths 332 and 333, passes through the flow paths 332 and 333, It reaches the outlets of the flow paths 332 and 333.
- the powder flow 170 flowing out from the outlets of the flow paths 332 and 333 passes through a collection path (not shown) and is collected by a collection pod or the like. Therefore, the powder flow 170 is not injected from the injection port 152 of the processing nozzle 300 to the processing point 181 and is in a powder non-injection state.
- a fluid for pressurization is introduced from the pressurization inlet 351 and driven to pressurize, whereby the component 302 is rotated counterclockwise, and the flow path 321 and the flow path 332 are opposed to each other.
- the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 322 is injected from the injection port 152 of the processing nozzle 300.
- the supplied powder flow 170 is supplied to the flow paths 321 and 322.
- the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 322 passes through the flow path 322, then flows into the flow path 331 communicating with the flow path 322, passes through the flow path 331, and the nozzle cone 105. Enter. Then, the powder flow 170 that has entered the nozzle cone 105 is injected from the injection port 152 of the processing nozzle 300 and is injected to the processing point 181. Thereby, the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 322 can be injected from the injection port 152.
- the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 321 passes through the flow path 321, then flows into the flow path 332 communicating with the flow path 321, passes through the flow path 332, Instead of being supplied to the nozzle cone 105, it is recovered in a recovery pod (not shown) or the like.
- the powder contained in the powder flow 170 collected by the collection pod can be reused.
- a fluid for pressurization is caused to flow from the pressurization inlet 352 and driven to pressurize, thereby rotating the component 302 clockwise and causing the flow path 321 and the flow path 331 to face each other.
- the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 321 is injected from the injection port 152 of the processing nozzle 300.
- the supplied powder flow 170 is supplied to the flow paths 321 and 322.
- the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 321 passes through the flow path 321, then flows into the flow path 331 communicating with the flow path 321, passes through the flow path 331, and the nozzle cone 105. Enter. Then, the powder flow 170 that has entered the nozzle cone 105 is injected from the injection port 152 of the processing nozzle 300 and is injected to the processing point 181. Thereby, the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 321 can be injected from the injection port 152.
- the powder flow 170 supplied to the flow path 322 passes through the flow path 322, then flows into the flow path 333 communicating with the flow path 322, passes through the flow path 333, and the nozzle Instead of being supplied to the cone 105, it is recovered by a recovery pod (not shown) or the like.
- the powder contained in the powder flow 170 collected by the collection pod can be reused.
- the two powder flows 170 described here may be both powder flows containing powder, which is a material such as a three-dimensional structure, or one of them is a non-powder containing no powder. It may be a body flow (pure noble gas). Further, the powders included in the two powder streams 170 may be the same powder or different powders. If the powders included in the two powder streams 170 are different powders, two different types of materials can be selectively injected.
- the flow path 331 is a flow path connected to the nozzle cone 105, and the flow paths 332 and 333 are flow paths connected to the recovery path. However, these are reversed. It may be. That is, the flow path 331 may be a flow path connected to the recovery path, and the flow paths 332 and 333 may be flow paths connected to the nozzle cone 105.
- the present embodiment since injection and non-injection of the powder flow can be switched as appropriate, useless injection of powder can be suppressed and powder utilization efficiency can be improved. Moreover, the flow path in the nozzle cone can be cleaned by flowing a powder-free flow. Furthermore, since the drive unit is controlled by pressurization, the frequency of malfunctions is greatly reduced. If the powders included in the two powder streams 170 are different powders, two different types of materials can be selectively injected.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment and the flow of the powder flows 170A and 170B when the powder flows 170A and 170B are not injected from the processing nozzle.
- 5B and 5C are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment and the flow of the powder flows 170A and 170B when the powder flow 170A or the powder flow 170B is injected from the processing nozzle. It is.
- the processing nozzle 500 according to the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that it has two flow paths connected to the nozzle cone. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the processing nozzle 500 includes a part 502 and a part 503.
- the part 502 has flow paths 521 and 522
- the part 503 has flow paths 531, 532, 533, and 534.
- the flow path 521 and the flow path 522 of the component 502 are in symmetrical positions.
- the flow path 531 and the flow path 533 and the flow path 532 and the flow path 534 of the component 503 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the plane including the central axis 180.
- the set of the flow path 521 of the part 502, the flow paths 531 and 533 of the part 503, the set of the flow path 522 of the part 502 and the flow paths 532 and 534 of the part 503 are in symmetrical positions. .
- the flow path 521 and the flow path 533 communicate with each other, and the flow path 522 and the flow path 534 communicate with each other.
- the supplied powder streams 170A and 170B pass through the flow paths 521 and 522 and flow paths 533 and 534, respectively. Enter. Then, it collect
- the component 502 is rotated clockwise by a drive unit (not shown) to connect the flow path 522 and the flow path 532 and to connect the flow path 521 and the flow path 533. .
- the powder flow 170 ⁇ / b> A flowing into the flow channel 522 passes through the flow channel 522 and enters the flow channel 532 connected to the nozzle cone 105.
- the powder flow 170A that has flowed into the flow path 532 passes through the flow path 532, then enters the passage path 536, flows through the passage path 536, passes through the slit in the nozzle cone 105, and then enters the injection port 152. Is injected from.
- the powder flow 170B flowing into the flow path 521 passes through the flow path 521 and enters the flow path 533 connected to a collection pod (not shown). Then, the powder flow 170B that has entered the flow path 533 is recovered to a recovery pod via a recovery path or the like.
- the component 502 is rotated counterclockwise by a driving unit (not shown) to connect the flow path 521 and the flow path 531, and the flow path 522 and the flow path 534 are connected.
- a driving unit not shown
- the powder flow 170 ⁇ / b> B flowing into the flow path 521 passes through the flow path 521 and enters the flow path 531 connected to the nozzle cone 105.
- the powder flow 170B that has flowed into the flow path 531 passes through the flow path 531, then enters the passage 535, flows through the passage 535, passes through the slit in the nozzle cone 105, and the injection port 152. Is injected from.
- the powder flow 170A that has flowed into the flow path 522 passes through the flow path 522 and enters the flow path 534 connected to a collection pod (not shown). Then, the powder flow 170A that has entered the flow path 534 is recovered to a recovery pod via a recovery path or the like.
- the passage 535 and the passage 536 have a mirror symmetry with respect to the plane including the central axis 180 so that the passage resistance is equal with respect to the passage leading to the injection port 152, and further A partition plate is provided along the plane.
- the flow resistance of each flow path can be made equal to each other.
- the flow rate of stream 170B can be made equal.
- the flow velocity changes of the powder flow 170A and the powder flow 170B can be suppressed, and the flows of the powder flow 170A and the powder flow 170B are in an unsteady state. Can be greatly reduced. Thereby, the deterioration of the powder convergence at the processing point 181 due to the unsteady flow of the powder flows 170A and 170B can be prevented. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the path until the powder flow 170A enters the nozzle cone 105 and the path until the powder flow 170B enters the nozzle cone 105 are independent, Contamination due to powder can be reduced.
- the two powder flows 170A and 170B described here may both be a powder flow including powder that is a material such as a three-dimensional structure, or one of them does not include powder. It may be a powder-free flow (pure noble gas). Further, the powders included in the two powder streams 170A and 170B may be the same powder or different powders. If the powders included in the two powder streams 170A and 170B are different powders, two different types of materials can be selectively injected.
- two powder flows can be appropriately switched and injected by the above-described configuration.
- the time during which the powder flow is in an unsteady state can be reduced, it is possible to prevent the powder convergence from being deteriorated and to supply a powder flow with good powder convergence to the processing point.
- the two powder flow paths are independent, the contamination of the flow paths by the powder can be reduced.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of the drive unit provided in the machining nozzle according to the present embodiment. Note that the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment, and therefore description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
- the drive unit 600 includes two drive units 610 and 620.
- the part 602 is divided into two parts, and includes two parts, a part 602A and a part 602B. Then, the component 602A and the component 602B are independently moved by the driving unit 610 and the driving unit 620, respectively.
- the drive unit 610 includes pressurization inlets 611 and 612
- the drive unit 620 includes pressurization inlets 621 and 622.
- the pressurizing fluid flows into the pressurizing inlets 611, 612, 621, and 622, and the drive units 610 and 620 are driven by gas pressure and hydraulic pressure to independently rotate the component 602A and the component 602B. .
- each driving unit 610, 620 can be shortened and the driving speed can be increased. That is, this can shorten the time during which the powder flow is in an unsteady state when driving the component 602A and the component 602B, and prevents deterioration of powder convergence due to the powder flow being in an unsteady state. be able to.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the configuration of the optical processing apparatus 700 according to the present embodiment.
- the optical processing device 700 includes any one of the processing nozzles 100, 300, and 500 described in the above-described embodiment, and three-dimensional modeling is performed by melting a material included in the powder flow with heat generated by the collected light. It is a device for modeling objects and generating overlay welding.
- an optical processing apparatus 700 including the processing nozzle 100 will be described.
- the optical processing apparatus 700 includes a light source 701, an optical transmission unit 715, a stage 705, a material storage device 706, a material supply unit 730, a processing head 708, and a control unit 707.
- a laser light source is used as the light source 701, but an LED (Light Emitting Diode), a halogen lamp, or a xenon lamp can be used.
- the light beam used for melting the material is not limited to laser light, and any light beam that can melt the powder material at the processing point may be used. For example, it may be light rays such as electromagnetic waves in the infrared to ultraviolet region.
- the light transmission unit 715 is an optical fiber having a core diameter of 0.01 to 1 mm, for example, and guides light generated by the light source 701 to the processing head 708.
- the material container 706 supplies a carrier gas containing a material to the processing head 708 via the material supply unit 730.
- the material is particles such as metal particles and resin particles.
- the carrier gas is an inert gas, and may be, for example, argon gas, nitrogen gas, or helium gas.
- the material supply unit 730 is, for example, a resin or metal hose, and guides the powder flow in which the material is mixed into the carrier gas to the processing head 708. However, when the material is a wire, no carrier gas is required.
- the processing head 708 includes a focusing device for focusing light as a light beam, and a processing nozzle 100 is attached downstream of the focusing device.
- the laser beam supplied to the processing head 708 is adjusted so as to be condensed on the processing surface 760 via an optical system including a lens or the like provided therein, and passes through the processing nozzle 100 to form the processing surface. 760 is irradiated.
- the optical system is provided so as to be able to control the condensing position by controlling the lens interval and the like.
- the control unit 707 inputs modeling conditions such as fine writing or thick writing, changes the output value of the laser light from the light source 701 according to the input modeling conditions, and slides the outer casing of the processing nozzle 100. . Thereby, the powder spot diameter by the powder injected from the processing nozzle 100 is controlled in accordance with the molten pool diameter.
- the modeled object 710 is created on the stage 705.
- Light emitted from the processing head 708 is collected on the processing surface 760 on the modeled object 710.
- the processed surface 760 is heated and melted by condensing to form a molten pool 761 in part.
- the material is injected from the processing nozzle 100 into the molten pool 761 on the processing surface 760. Then, the material melts into the molten pool 761. Thereafter, the molten pool 761 is cooled and solidified, so that the material is deposited on the processed surface 760 and three-dimensional modeling is realized.
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Abstract
Description
粉体を含む流体の供給源と、
前記供給源から供給された前記流体が通過する第1流路と、
前記流体をノズルの射出口に供給する第2流路と、
前記流体を前記ノズルの外部に開放する第3流路と、
前記流体を前記射出口に供給する場合に、前記第1流路と前記第2流路とを連通させ、前記流体を前記射出口に供給しない場合に、前記第1流路と前記第3流路とを連通させる切替手段と、
を備える。
上記加工用ノズルを用いた。
本発明の第1実施形態としての加工用ノズル100について、図1および図2を用いて説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る加工用ノズル100の構成を示す概略斜視図であり、加工点に対して粉体流を供給する場合を示す図である。図2は、本実施形態に係る加工用ノズル100の構成を示す概略斜視図であり、加工点に対して粉体流を供給しない場合を示す図である。
R1≧R2 ・・・ (1)
という関係を満たす。すなわち、流路抵抗は、粉体流170を加工点181に対して供給する経路の流路抵抗の方が、粉体流170を加工点181に対して供給しない経路の流路抵抗よりも大きくなっている。
次に本発明の第2実施形態に係る加工用ノズルについて、図3、図4A~図4Cを用いて説明する。図3は、本実施形態に係る加工用ノズルの構成を説明するための図である。本実施形態に係る加工用ノズルは、上記第1実施形態と比べると、部品302に流路が2つ設けられ、部品303に流路が2つ設けられ、駆動部350を備える点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。
次に本発明の第3実施形態に係る加工用ノズルについて、図5A~図5Cを用いて説明する。図5Aは、本実施形態に係る加工用ノズルの構成および加工用ノズルから粉体流170A、170Bを射出しない場合の粉体流170A、170Bの流れの様子を説明する図である。図5Bおよび図5Cは、本実施形態に係る加工用ノズルの構成および加工用ノズルから粉体流170Aまたは粉体流170Bを射出する場合の粉体流170A、170Bの流れの様子を説明する図である。本実施形態に係る加工用ノズル500は、上記第2実施形態と比べると、ノズルコーンに接続する流路を2つ有する点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。
次に本発明の第4実施形態に係る加工用ノズルの備える駆動部について、図6を用いて説明する。図6は、本実施形態に係る加工用ノズルの備える駆動部の構成の一例を説明する図である。なお、本実施形態に係る加工用ノズルは、上記第2実施形態に係る加工用ノズルと同様の構成であるので説明は適宜省略する。
次に本発明の第5実施形態に係る光加工装置について、図7を用いて説明する。図7は、本実施形態に係る光加工装置700の構成を説明するための図である。光加工装置700は、上述の実施形態で説明した加工用ノズル100、300、500のいずれかを含み、集光した光が生み出す熱で粉体流に含まれる材料を溶融することにより三次元造形物を造形したり、肉盛溶接を生成したりする装置である。ここでは一例として、加工用ノズル100を備えた光加工装置700について説明する。
光加工装置700は、光源701、光伝送部715、ステージ705、材料収容装置706、材料供給部730、加工ヘッド708および制御部707を備えている。
次に、光加工装置700の動作について説明する。造形物710は、ステージ705の上で作成される。加工ヘッド708から射出される射出光は、造形物710上の加工面760において集光される。加工面760は、集光によって昇温され、溶融され、一部に溶融プール761を形成する。
以上、実施形態を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。また、それぞれの実施形態に含まれる別々の特徴を如何様に組み合わせたシステムまたは装置も、本発明の範疇に含まれる。
Claims (11)
- 粉体を含む流体の供給源と、
前記供給源から供給された前記流体が通過する第1流路と、
前記流体をノズルの射出口に供給する第2流路と、
前記流体を前記ノズルの外部に開放する第3流路と、
前記流体を前記射出口に供給する場合に、前記第1流路と前記第2流路とを連通させ、前記流体を前記射出口に供給しない場合に、前記第1流路と前記第3流路とを連通させる切替手段と、
を備える、加工用ノズル。 - 前記切替手段は、前記第1流路が設けられた第1部品と、前記第2流路および前記第3流路が設けられた第2部品との相対位置を変位させて、前記第1流路を、前記第2流路および前記第3流路のいずれか一方に連通させる、請求項1に記載の加工用ノズル。
- 前記第1部品および前記第2部品は、相対的に回動可能に設けられている、請求項2に記載の加工用ノズル。
- 前記供給源は、複数の流体を供給し、
前記供給源から供給された前記流体が通過する第4流路と、
前記流体を前記ノズルの外部に開放する第6流路と、をさらに備え、
前記切替手段は、
前記流体を前記第1流路から前記射出口に供給する場合に、前記第1流路と前記第2流路とを連通し、前記第4流路と前記第6流路とを連通させ、
前記流体を前記第4流路から前記射出口に供給する場合に、前記第4流路と前記第2流路とを連通させ、前記第1流路と前記第3流路とを連通させる、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の加工用ノズル。 - 前記供給源は、複数の流体を供給し、
前記供給源から供給された前記流体が通過する第4流路と、
前記流体を前記射出口に供給する第5流路と、
前記流体を前記ノズルの外部に開放する第6流路と、をさらに備え、
前記切替手段は、
前記流体を前記第1流路から前記射出口に供給する場合に、前記第1流路と前記第2流路とを連通し、前記第4流路と前記第6流路とを連通させ、
前記流体を前記第4流路から前記射出口に供給する場合に、前記第4流路と前記第5流路とを連通させ、前記第1流路と前記第3流路とを連通させる、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の加工用ノズル。 - 光源からの光線を通過させる光線経路をさらに備え、
前記第2流路と前記第5流路とは、前記光線経路の中心軸を含む面に対し、鏡面対称に配置された請求項5に記載の加工用ノズル。 - 前記複数の流体の少なくとも1つは、粉体を含まない請求項4または5に記載の加工用ノズル。
- 前記第1流路と前記第4流路とは、異なる粉体を含む流体が供給される請求項4または5に記載の加工用ノズル。
- 前記第3流路の流路抵抗は、前記第2流路から前記射出口までの流路抵抗よりも小さい請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の加工用ノズル。
- 前記第3流路に接続し、前記流体を回収する回収手段をさらに備え、
前記第3流路から前記回収手段までの流路抵抗は、前記第2流路から前記射出口までの流路抵抗と等しい請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の加工用ノズル。 - 請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の加工用ノズルを用いた光加工装置。
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