WO2017075728A1 - System for farming fish - Google Patents

System for farming fish Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017075728A1
WO2017075728A1 PCT/CL2016/000069 CL2016000069W WO2017075728A1 WO 2017075728 A1 WO2017075728 A1 WO 2017075728A1 CL 2016000069 W CL2016000069 W CL 2016000069W WO 2017075728 A1 WO2017075728 A1 WO 2017075728A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
line
anchoring
fish
ropes
cage structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2016/000069
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer
Original Assignee
Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer filed Critical Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer
Publication of WO2017075728A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017075728A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A01K61/65Connecting or mooring devices therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/14Fishing vessels
    • B63B35/24Fish holds
    • B63B35/26Fish holds for live fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention is part of the field of aquaculture and refers to a system for the cultivation of fish, which is arranged in a body of water, to define a growing area.
  • Fish farming systems in the aquaculture industry are well known, and which are basically constituted by a floating structure, a fish tank that hangs, towards the bottom of the body of water, from said floating structure and a system of funding that allow the culture system to be kept in place.
  • Fish farming systems either square, rectangular, round or otherwise, allow to form or provide an area of water in which the fish that will be farmed are confined.
  • the culture systems are made up of a certain size which is defined by the size of the perimeter of the cage structure, and which must have such a configuration, that they maintain their resistance and do not collapse due to the action of the waves, sea currents, as well as adverse weather conditions.
  • One of the problems associated with the crop systems currently used in the aquaculture industry is related to the restriction of places where a fish culture system can be located in the sea, where said location is basically subject to the resistance that may have the cage structure and the anchorage system used, which are conditioned in its configuration and structure by the wave conditions, marine currents and climatic conditions of the sector, to which the culture systems can be subjected.
  • floating structures of smaller and more robust sizes are used, with a greater amount and size of structural elements of the cage and greater amount of anchoring elements, which determines a greater cost of manufacturing, implementation, operation and maintenance
  • This fish culture system currently used in the aquaculture industry, consisting of more than one cage arranged adjacent to each other, provides enclosed spaces for each of the fish tanks, forming an area of adjacent crops with reduced space. While it is true that this crop system gives certain benefits to crop management in general and its However, the operation has several problems, such as the circulation of water between each of the defined areas is restricted as each network is close together, which in turn affects the sanitary aspects of the crop in general.
  • the primary object of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose structural configuration allows to increase the cultivation area in such a way that it has the robustness that allows to position one culture system next to another, without affecting the circulation of water between adjacent growing areas, and without being affected by current conditions, intense waves, and adverse weather conditions.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a system for the cultivation of fish whose structural configuration allows to maintain the area of fish culture defined by the fish and wolf nets, without sea currents, intense waves and / or adverse climatic conditions, agglutinate the networks restricting the area of fish culture, and therefore affecting their survival.
  • a second objective of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose structural configuration allows to configure adjacent crop areas of at least 60 meters by 60 meters wide and long, without restricting the circulation of water between cages, way to maximize the health conditions and growing conditions of the area, to increase the production capacity of fish by area.
  • a third objective of the invention is to provide a system for fish culture whose configuration comprises a modular cage structure, which facilitates its transport, assembly and maintenance, allowing to provide a robust and flexible cage structure at the same time, so that it can form a perimeter of structure of at least 60 meters by 60 meters wide and length, respectively, without the structure being affected by intense waves, strong water currents, as well as adverse weather conditions, and that allow to configure a culture system with multiple cage structures forming multiple adjacent crop areas, without affecting the circulation of water between cages and fish farming areas.
  • Another objective of the invention is to provide a culture system whose configuration comprises a system of anchoring the cage structure as well as the fish and wolf nets, which allow to provide multiple adjacent and large cultivation areas, whose configuration allows to avoid said structures and areas of crops are adrift due to the effects of intense waves, strong sea currents, or adverse climatic conditions, allowing the configuration of the anchoring system to keep the cultivation system in place.
  • Still another objective of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose configuration comprises a system of ropes of ropes or ropes attached to the anchoring system, which allow to give rigidity, resistance and flexibility to the fish culture system, in order to maintain to the system in its place of anchorage and that maintain without major alteration the area, volume and surface of crop, without being affected by the adverse conditions of the climate or of the sea.
  • the invention of the present application provides a system for the cultivation of fish, which are used in aquaculture, comprising a cage structure, a fish net that hangs from the cage structure, a protective net against natural predators, such as a lobera network, which surrounds the fish tank network, a funding system, to keep the fish culture system in a particular place of a body of water, and a network of ropes or ropes that surrounds the entire periphery of the fish and wolf nets , as well as the upper surface of the fish culture system, which are associated with the anchoring system, where the cage structure is configured with a robust central aisle, which gives structural support to the entire culture system, to be associated to other crop systems, linked adjacently by means of union that grant a degree of flexibility and robustness to the crop systems linked together.
  • Figure 1 corresponds to a top side perspective view of a system for fish farming according to the invention.
  • Figure 2.- corresponds to a top partial top view of a fish culture system according to the invention.
  • Figure 3.- corresponds to a top view of a fish culture system that shows a partial detail of the elements of a modality, comprising the cage and part of the framework of the anchoring system.
  • Figure 4.- corresponds to an upper side perspective view showing a detail of the upper and lateral framework of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 5.- corresponds to a bottom side view in perspective showing a detail of the bottom and side framework of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figures 6a to 6f correspond to top views of the elements comprising the outer aisles that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figures 7a and 7d correspond to top views of the elements comprising the central aisles that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 8 corresponds to a top view showing a detail of the structural configuration of an example of a passageway comprising the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 9 corresponds to a side view of the aisle illustrated in Figure
  • Figure 10 corresponds to a side view according to the cross-section A-A of the aisle illustrated in Figure No. 8.
  • Figures 11a to 11c correspond to side views showing a detail of the types of floats that may comprise the corridor structure used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 12 corresponds to a top view and a section of a type of junction of the aisles of adjacent cage structures of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 13 corresponds to a top and side view of a corner float used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 14 corresponds to a top view of joining pieces (yokes) of the anchoring system that are used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention, to join it to the anchorages
  • Figure 15a corresponds to a top view of joining means comprising the structural elements that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 15b corresponds to a top view of the detail (b) of Figure 15a showing a first type of joining type of the joining means.
  • Figure 15c corresponds to a side view of the first type of joint type of Figure 15b.
  • Figure 15d corresponds to a side view of a second type of joint type of the joint means according to the detail (a) of Figure 15a.
  • Figure 15e corresponds to a top view of the detail (a) of Figure 15a showing a second embodiment of the type of joint comprising the joint means.
  • Figure 16 corresponds to a side view, an exploded top view and a top view of a third embodiment of a type of joint of a means for joining the structural elements comprising the cage structure of the culture system of the invention .
  • Figure 17a corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a first mode of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 17b corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a second modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 17c corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a third modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 17d corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a fourth modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 18a corresponds to a top view showing in part the structural configuration detail of the cage structure corridors according to one of the modalities of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 18b corresponds to a top view showing in part the structural configuration detail of the cage structure corridors according to one of the modalities of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 shows a detail of the difference in behavior of a traditional fish culture system with respect to the fish culture system of the present invention, which shows the existing deformation of the fish tank and lobera net by action of sea conditions and climates that influence a fish farming system.
  • Figure 20 corresponds to a top side view in perspective and a detail of a high density canvas or fabric comprising the fish culture system of the present invention, and allows to retain and stop debris falling towards the seabed from the seabed. culture area of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 corresponds to a bottom perspective view according to the illustration in Figure 20.
  • the invention corresponds to a system for the cultivation of fish (1), as illustrated in Figure 1, such as those that are used in aquaculture, where said system for fish culture (1) is formed by a cage structure (2), a fish net (3) that hangs from the cage structure (2), a protective net against natural predators, such as a wolf net (4), which surrounds the fish net (3), and a funding system (5), to keep the fish culture system (1) in a specific place in a body of water.
  • a system for fish culture (1) is formed by a cage structure (2), a fish net (3) that hangs from the cage structure (2), a protective net against natural predators, such as a wolf net (4), which surrounds the fish net (3), and a funding system (5), to keep the fish culture system (1) in a specific place in a body of water.
  • a fish culture system (1) such as that of the invention, may comprise a series of cage structures (2) arranged adjacent to each other, as illustrated by figures 1 to 5, whether in longitudinal or transverse shape, or a combination thereof, and separated from each other to generate a sufficient space (6) between them, to allow a free flow of water between the cages (2).
  • the fish culture system (1) of the present invention comprises a cage structure (2) formed by a series of structural parts, such that said cage structure, comprises outer aisles (7) and at least one central aisle (8), where said outer aisles (7) are arranged to form a square or a rectangle, as can be seen in Figure 3, so that said cage structure (2) defines a perimeter (9) that forms a fish farming area and area (10).
  • the cage structure (2) is arranged in a body of water, such that the configuration of said cage structure (2) floats on the surface of the body of water, and the cultivation area or surface (10) is determined by the perimeter (9) that defines the union of the outer aisles (7) of the cage structure (2) and the fish tank (3), which hangs from the outer aisles (7), in order to define an area (10) for fish farming.
  • the fish culture system comprises a funding system (5), as schematically illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, where said anchoring system is It is particularly configured by a network of upper ropes (11), which pass through the upper part of the area defined by the cage structure (2), which can be seen schematically, in Figure 4, and where said network of ropes is attached to anchoring lines (12) that are part of the anchoring system (5), and which in turn comprise a lateral lattice of ropes (13), as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, and a lattice of lower ropes (14) also attached to the anchoring lines (12) of the anchoring system (5).
  • a funding system (5), as schematically illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, where said anchoring system is It is particularly configured by a network of upper ropes (11), which pass through the upper part of the area defined by the cage structure (2), which can be seen schematically, in Figure 4, and where said network of ropes is attached to anchoring lines (12) that are part of the anchoring system (5), and which in turn comprise a lateral la
  • the lattices of upper, lateral and lower ropes (11, 13, 14) of the anchoring system (5) consist of a lattice or reticulate of ropes or ropes, which are arranged surrounding the lobe network (4), the lower part of the lobera or fishbowl net (3, 4), which look at the bottom of the sea floor, as well as the upper part of the cultivation system (1) defined by the perimeter formed by the outer aisles (7) that form the cage structure ( 2), where in addition ropes or ropes, they can join the lower ropes of ropes (14) with the upper ropes of ropes (11), as well as ropes or ropes can join the lateral ropes of ropes (13) to each other, so that said ropes or ropes may be part of the anchoring system (5), as seen in Figures 1 and 2.
  • each string truss (11, 13, 14) is formed by a series of ropes or ropes linked together horizontally and vertically and separated from each other forming a lattice of ropes or ropes, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 5.
  • Each ropes lattice (11, 13, 14) comprises horizontal ropes or ropes or longitudinal and vertical or transverse ropes or ropes, linked to each other by a series of means or elements and are arranged at a certain distance from the fish net (3) and wolf net (4), where the upper string of ropes (11) They are arranged to be joined or pass through the elements comprising the cage structure (2).
  • a means or distribution element of ropes or ropes is arranged, which has a shape that allows the ropes pass through said distribution pieces, in such a way that they allow, that the ropes only pass through said means, to form each fabric, and where at each of the vertices of each formed fabric (11, 13, 14), the ropes are tied to said distribution pieces, thus allowing a movement of the ropes that form the frameworks, granting a degree of flexibility and elasticity to the frameworks (11, 13, 14), allowing relative movement, but without However, while maintaining the necessary stiffness, to avoid deformation of the crop area defined by the fish net (3) and wolf net (4).
  • Each rope reticulate formed (11, 13, 14) is part of the anchoring system (5) of the cage structure (2), the fish tank (3) and the wolf net (4), where said anchoring system It is formed by anchoring lines (12) that are constituted by a series of anchoring lines or ropes linked together, by means of a series of elements that allow the fish culture system (1) to be held in place, for which said anchoring lines comprise floats, buoys, counterweights, anchoring ropes, means or elements of distribution of the ropes or lines, and an anchor or dead for anchoring, which is fixed to the seabed.
  • FIG. 17a to 17d An anchoring system (5) which is used in the fish culture system of the present invention (1), by way of example is illustrated in different embodiments in Figures No. 17a to 17d, which comprises a series of anchoring lines or ropes joined together in a particular arrangement as observed in said figures, where the lateral, upper and lower strings of ropes (11, 13, 14) are attached to a funding line (12) by means of elements tensioners (90, 93) that are attached to distribution pieces (84) of the ropes that form the frameworks, as well as said tensioners are attached to the buoys (76, 92) that are part of the anchoring system, in such a way that said tensioning elements are configured to be attached to both the fish tank (3) and the wolf network (4) so as to retain and stop said networks in place, giving resistance and flexibility to them, so that they are not are affected by the conditioning action s of sea currents, waves and adverse climatic conditions, maintaining the volume and cultivation area defined by the three-dimensional shape of said structure.
  • the anchoring system comprises a float (92) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) connected at one end to the buoy (92) and at the other end to a line distribution part (89) from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the body of water (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element, such as a dead weight or an anchor, is anchored, and to which a rope, line or rope is fixed (78) which are connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), to define a funding line.
  • an anchoring element such as a dead weight or an anchor
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86 ) and at its opposite end is attached or fixed to the line distribution part (89).
  • This embodiment of the invention comprises at least one additional intermediate tensioning line (94), which is connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), and where the opposite end is joined or fixed, either through a branch (95) of said line (94) to the distribution pieces (84), which form the lateral framework (13).
  • a float (76) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) attached at one end to the buoy (76) and at the opposite end of a line distribution part (89), from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the water body (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element is anchored, such as a dead weight or an anchor, and to which a rope, line or rope (78) is attached that are attached at one end to the distribution part of lines (89), to define a funding line.
  • an anchoring element is anchored, such as a dead weight or an anchor, and to which a rope, line or rope (78) is attached that are attached at one end to the distribution part of lines (89), to define a funding line.
  • a rope, rope or anchor line is attached (75), which leaves to move away from the lateral framework (13).
  • a counterweight (85) that is attached to the distribution piece (84) and hangs thereon towards the seabed to keep the lateral latticework of ropes (13) upright.
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • the lateral rope trusses (13) are attached to a anchoring line (12) that is fixed to a float or buoy (79) through of a distribution piece ropes, ropes or anchoring lines (80), where said buoy is attached to said distribution part through a chain and a shackle (81), in this way the buoy supports and maintains in place the lateral latticework of ropes (13), as well as keeps in place the anchoring line, arranged at a certain distance below the surface of the body of water (82), to maintain a degree of flexibility and elasticity in the funding system (5).
  • An anchoring line, rope or rope (77) is attached to the distribution piece or plate (80), joining one end of said anchoring line (77) by means of a shackle (81) to the distribution plate (80) and the another end to a chain that is attached to a second buoy (79), arranged in a position further away from the cultivation system (1), which keeps the anchor line (77) at a distance from the surface of the body of the water (82).
  • a second anchoring line (76) is connected through a first end to one end of the buoy chain (79) and the opposite end, of said second anchoring line (76), is attached to a distribution piece of funding lines (83).
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the tensile forces that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or Rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86) and at its opposite end it is attached or tied to another ring (86), where said ring is attached or fixed to the distribution part (83) of anchor lines to which a counterweight (85) is attached.
  • anchoring lines or ropes (75, 87), rings (86) and counterweights (85) they form a damping line of the anchoring system (5), and where from said distribution piece (83) a anchoring line or rope (78) comes out that is attached to a anchoring device, such as a anchoring anchor or a deadweight of anchorage, which is set on the seabed.
  • a float (76) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) attached at one end to the buoy (76) and at the other end to a line distribution part (89) from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the body of water (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element, such as a dead weight or an anchor, is anchored, and to which a rope, line or rope is fixed (78) which are connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), to define a funding line.
  • an anchoring element such as a dead weight or an anchor
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86 ) and by its end opposite is attached or fixed to the line distribution part (89).
  • This embodiment of the invention comprises at least one additional intermediate damping tensioning line (75 ' , 87 ' ), which is connected by one end of the intermediate rope (87 ' ) to the line distribution part (89), and where the opposite end is attached or fixed to a ring (86), and where from said ring an intermediate line (75 ' ) comes out, joined through one end to said ring, and attached to the distribution pieces of the ends or lines (84) of the lateral framework, through a branch (95) of said line (75 ' ).
  • the configuration of the anchoring system (5) makes it possible to maintain the tension forces, which affect the anchoring system, with an optimal distribution, since it allows to distribute in a balanced way through said funding system the tensions that are produced by the effect of the fish culture system (1) that is generated, by currents, waves, winds, and other adverse climatic factors, in such a way that the anchoring lines that comprise the anchoring system are prevented from breaking or collapsing, thus maintaining the fish culture system in place without collapsing and drifting, and allowing both to maintain the volume defined by the cultivation area (10) provided by said fish net (3) and wolf net (4), by keeping them in their normal disposition.
  • the upper, lateral and lower rope frameworks (11, 13, 14) attached to the anchoring system (5) provide more elasticity to the system for growing fish (2), which allows the forces to be distributed optimally by decreasing the pick anchor force in the anchoring system, since the anchoring line is broken.
  • Each network of ropes (11, 13, 14) provides an optimal restraint system, supporting the fish tank and lobera nets of the fish culture system (1), keeping these nets in place and distancing themselves from each other, achieving that by the formation and configuration of said network, the whole fish tank and wolf net is moved by the action of the currents, maintaining their volume and general disposition in the body of the water.
  • This better clamping and distribution of forces that is achieved in the cultivation system (1) allows to reduce the risks of collapse of the anchoring system, due to the cutting of the lines, since it improves the distribution of the tension forces of the system, causing the volume defined by the fishnet network to be maintained thus allowing to improve the oxygenation of the fish by improving the flow of water within the volume defined by the fish tank and the organization of the fish within said defined volume, by effectively maintaining the volume defined by the cage / fish tank set.
  • the cage structure (2) is configured by a series of elements linked together, to form a cage structure formed by a series of outer aisles (7), joined together to form a perimeter of the cage structure (2), either rectangular or square.
  • the cage structure (2) comprises a central aisle (8), forming the backbone of the cage structure (2), passing through the middle of the cage structures, improving the conditions of operability of fish culture system (1), giving greater strength to the cage structure (2), allowing to increase the size of the cages, being able to have a cage dimension, of at least 60m by 60m, forming a greater three-dimensional space, that is to say a greater area of culture for the fish, therefore a greater and better flow of the water in the area of culture, improving the conditions of oxygenation, circulation of water and in general habitat of the fish, decreasing mortality and improving the sanitary aspects of the farming area.
  • Each outer and central aisle (7, 8) is formed by a series of pieces joined together, which will be described with reference to figures 6 to 16 of the present invention.
  • the corridors are formed by the union of a series of corridor elements which can be seen in figures 6a to 7d, which have a similar structural configuration, however they have disposition of specific union elements, according to the location in which are arranged, to form the aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • Figure 6a illustrates an intermediate outer aisle element (15) comprising longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in figure N ° 8, which may have a non-slip surface.
  • the intermediate aisle elements (15) comprise connecting ends (18) configured with male (19) and female (20) male means or elements.
  • a first end (18) of the intermediate aisle element (15) comprises male means or connecting elements (19), which will be fitted or joined to the female connecting elements or means (20) of an intermediate aisle element or from another adjacent aisle element.
  • an intermediate aisle element (15) has a male connection means (19) at the first end (18) and a female connection means (20) at the opposite end (18).
  • the intermediate aisle elements (15) can also comprise on one or both longitudinal sides a series of eyebolts (21), which allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring system (5) to be joined, as well as the ropes or ends that are part of the upper rope framework (11) of the anchoring system (5).
  • the joining means or elements of the aisle elements will be explained in detail later.
  • a male corner aisle element (22) is illustrated in Figure 6b, wherein said male corner aisle element (22) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by elements of floors (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that can have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (22) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that other aisle elements can be joined, to form the outer aisles (7) or central aisle (8) of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the male corner aisle element (22), comprises at least one of its ends at least one male means or connecting element (23) disposed on one of its longitudinal side edges. With this configuration said aisle element (22) is used to allow the joining of other aisle elements perpendicularly, to form transverse or central aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • said male corner aisle element may comprise at least one eyebolt (21) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal edges, so as to allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring lines of the anchoring system (5) to be joined or either the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5) can pass.
  • said aisle element (22) comprises at the end (18) where the lateral male connecting element (23), a reinforcing means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse beams is arranged and orthogonal to the longitudinal beams (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, as they are attached to other longitudinally as well as cross-sectional aisle elements.
  • a female corner aisle element (24) is illustrated in Figure No. 6c, wherein said female corner aisle element (24) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together. by means of floor elements (17), which can be appreciate in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those who may possess a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (24) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that other aisle elements can be joined together to form either the outer (7) or central (8) aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the female corner aisle element (24), comprises at least one of its ends (18) at least one female connecting means or element (25) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal side edges of the corner aisle element female (24).
  • said aisle element (24) is used to allow the joining of other aisle elements perpendicularly, to form transverse or central aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • said female corner aisle element may comprise at least one eyebolt (21) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal edges, so as to allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring lines of the anchoring system (5) to be joined or the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5) can pass.
  • said aisle element (24) comprises at the end (18) where the lateral female connecting element (25) is arranged, at least one reinforcing means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse and orthogonal beams to the longitudinal beams (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, as they are attached to other longitudinally as well as transverse aisle elements.
  • Figure 6d illustrates a central corridor elements (27) comprising longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that may have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (27) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female means or connecting element (20), so which can be attached to other aisle elements, to form either the outer (7) or central (8) aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the central anchoring corridor element (27), comprises in its central part of its longitudinal axis, at least one of its lateral edges at least one eyebolt (21), so as to allow the ropes or ropes of the anchorage lines of the anchoring system (5) can either pass the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5).
  • said aisle elements (27) comprise in their central part, where the eyebolts (21) are arranged, at least one reinforcement means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse and orthogonal beams to the beams longitudinal (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, being connected to the anchoring lines (12) of the anchoring system (5).
  • Figure 6e shows a central anchoring corridor element (27), which may have a greater length, comprising along its longitudinal axis, more than one reinforcing element or means (26) in combination with the location of the eyebolts (21) for joining anchor lines (12) of the anchoring system (5).
  • Said aisle element has the same configuration as the central anchoring corridor element described and illustrated in Figure No. 6d, which additionally comprises more reinforcing elements, to thereby increase its size.
  • a corridor element with central male / female connection means (28) is illustrated in Figure 6f, wherein said corridor element (28) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which they are joined together by means of floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that can have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (28) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end possesses a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that they can be attached to other aisle elements, to form either the outer (7) or central aisles (8) of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the aisle element with central male / female connecting means (28), comprises in its central part of its longitudinal axis, at least one longitudinal edge of the aisle element, at least one female means or connecting element (29) and in its longitudinal edge opposite at least one male means or connecting element (30), such that to said joining means (29, 30), other elements can be joined in a transverse or perpendicular arrangement to said aisle element (28) of corridor, to form transverse, exterior (7), and / or central aisles (8) of the cage structure (2).
  • Reinforcing elements or means (31) formed by transverse beams (32) to the longitudinal beams (16) of the aisle element (28) are arranged in association with the joining means (29, 30), arranged in the central part of said aisle element (28), so as to give greater resistance to the tension forces that will be produced by the coupling of at least one other aisle element, in said male / female connection means (29, 30) comprising said aisle element (28).
  • Figures 7a and 7b show corridor elements, which are normally used in the structural conformation of the central aisle (8) of the cage structure (2), where said central aisle elements (33a, 33b), are configured by a series of longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by means of floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that may have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (33a, 33b) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female means or connecting element (20), of form that can be attached to other aisle elements.
  • FIG. 33a, 33b The particular configuration of this type of central aisle element (33a, 33b), considers the arrangement in at least one of its ends (18) male joining means (34) and female joining means (35) arranged at the side edges of the aisle element, but at least one of the ends of the aisle element (33a, 33b), where associated with said lateral joining elements, the aisle element comprises reinforcing elements (26).
  • a aisle element (33c) is illustrated in Figure 7c, which comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a means or connecting element female (20), so that they can be attached to other aisle elements.
  • Figure 7d illustrates by way of example, that the aisle elements (33d) of which the cage structure (2) of the fish culture system (1) is configured, can be manufactured in different dimensions, whether longitudinal as well as in the width of said aisles, for which it is necessary to add to the configuration of said aisles longitudinal beams (16) as well as reinforcement elements (26, 31), to provide the necessary resistance to said aisle elements.
  • the structural configuration, generally used, for the different aisle elements (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d) comprising the cage structure (2), is illustrated through Figures 8 to 10, where the aisle elements comprise longitudinal beams (16) which are joined together through floor elements (17) arranged on the upper face (36) of the beams (16) so that said aisle elements are arranged, once formed the structure of the cage (2), on the surface of the body of water on which the fish culture system (1) is arranged.
  • Said aisle elements may have a punched floor surface configuration (37) in order to achieve a non-slip corridor surface, or they may have a smooth configuration, however elements that allow providing a non-slip corridor surface can be added.
  • the side or edge beams (16) of the aisle elements may be configured by braced beams (38), as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, so as to give greater structural strength to the aisle elements, and where the central longitudinal beams (16) of the aisle elements, can be configured as single beams or stringers (39), as can be seen in detail in Figure No. 10.
  • the cage structure (2) is arranged partly above the surface of the body of water in which the fish culture system (1) will be arranged, for which the cage structure (2) must have the conditions of necessary buoyancy, which is achieved by the configuration of the aisle elements, which have at least one float (40) arranged below the surface or upper face of the longitudinal beams (16), attached to the face or lower surface (41) of said beams (16), as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10.
  • the aisle elements comprise a series of floats (40 ) arranged and attached to the longitudinal beams (16), spaced apart, in order to keep the floor of the corridor floating above the surface of the body of water.
  • Figures N ° 11a to 1 1c show different configuration of connection of the floats to the beams, as well as different forms of floats, where the shape of said floats (40) can be round, oval, square, rectangular, triangular , or any type of form.
  • the floats may be attached to the beams through plates (42), as illustrated in particular in Figure No. 1b.
  • the floats can be square in shape, which is illustrated by way of example in Figure No. 11c.
  • connecting elements of cage structures (43) are arranged between the cage structures (2), which can be seen illustratively in Figure N ° 3, these cage joining elements (43), are It is formed by at least one longitudinal bar (44) at whose ends (45) they comprise at least one means or connecting element, as illustrated in Figures 15 and 16, and where said joining elements (43) comprise at least a support piece (100), which allows supporting and joining a series of bars (44) arranged adjacent, parallel and spaced apart, where said support piece (100) has at least one hole (96) having a diameter greater than the diameter of the bar (44) in order to generate a gap or clearance (97) between the bar (44) and the support piece (100) when a bar crosses or is inserted in the hole (96), achieving with this configuration to maintain a degree of movement of the bar.
  • a series of support elements (100) are arranged along a series of bars (44) arranged adjacently, parallel and spaced apart, as can be seen in figure 12, and wherein said cage structure joint element configuration further comprises a support structure (99) that allows fixing floor elements (17) on it.
  • the support elements (00) can also comprise at least one eye bolt (21) for joining anchor lines (12), as well as the ropes or ropes of the frames (11, 13, 14).
  • cage structures (43) By means of these joining elements of cage structures (43), it is possible to configure a system for fish culture (1) consisting of at least two cage structures (2) arranged adjacent and adjacent to each other, maintaining a distance (6) considerable between both cage structures (2) allowing to maintain the necessary rigidity and flexibility of the entire fish culture system (1), with sufficient clearance between cages, in order to achieve optimum water circulation between them.
  • a corner float (47) connecting the corridors can be seen in Figure 13, has a square shape, however it should not be that way, since it can have another shape, such as round, rectangular, oval, etc. .
  • the corner float is formed by a float (48) that has an upper surface (49) which coincides with the upper plane of the upper surface of the aisle elements of the cage structure (2), so that said surface upper is part of the surface of the corridors of the cage structure (2).
  • This corner float comprises means or male connecting elements (50) on at least one of its lateral edges and female joining means (51) on at least one of its edges, so that the aisle elements, the corner float forming, the corner of a junction between the aisles of the cage structure (2), as illustrated in Figure 3, can be configured by using said corner float (47) in a configuration modality of the cage structure (2) of the fish culture system (1) of the present invention.
  • the joining means or elements comprising the aisle elements, as well as the corner float, can be an integral part of said elements, or they can be configured as individually formed elements, such as those illustrated in Figure 14, where a means or male connecting element (52) comprises a base plate (53) that has at least one hole for fixing, so that it can be fixed to the structural elements that form the cage structure (2), where from said plate stand out in form perpendicular tabs (54) that have through holes.
  • a female connection means or element (55) is configured by a base plate (56) that has at least one hole for fixing, so that it can be fixed to the structural elements that are part of the cage structure (2) , where a pair of tabs (57) separated from each other protrude from said stage, having through holes.
  • the flange (54) of the male joining means (53) is introduced into the space between the pair of separate tabs (57) of the female connecting element or means (55), of so that through the through holes, a bolt or pin that allows both male and female joining means (52, 55) is arranged and passed.
  • a male (19) and female (20) means or joining element, comprising the elements that are part of the cage structure (2) are illustrated in detail, where said connecting element or means (19, 20) are configured as an element that is an integral part of the different elements comprising the cage structure (2), to be joined together, to form said cage structure, or may be manufactured as an individual element, which is fixed to the cage structure (2), through fixing means, such as bolts, screws, pins, welding, among others, to be part of the different elements of the structure of cage (2) that must be attached to each other or elements of the fish culture system (1) are attached to the cage structure (2) by using said means or joining elements (19, 20).
  • the male connecting element or means (19) comprises a base (58), which can be formed by a stage, on which at least one flange (59) is fixed that protrudes from said base perpendicularly.
  • the flange can be formed by a stage, where said flange (59) comprises a through hole (60) which can comprise at least one bushing (61) that surrounds the inner hole, which can be manufactured solidly or elastic, such as steel, iron, stainless steel, plastic, rubber, rubber, among other elements, or a combination thereof.
  • the female connecting element or means (20) comprises a base (62) that can be formed by at least one stage, on which at least one pair of tabs (63) that are separated from each other are fixed, at a distance which coincides with the width of the flange (59) of the means or male connecting element (19) to be arranged between said pair of tabs (63), wherein said pair of tabs (63) protrude from said base in a perpendicular manner.
  • the pair of tabs can be formed by a stage, where said pair of tabs (63) comprises a through hole (64) which can comprise at least one bushing (65) that surrounds the through inner hole (64), which can be made of solid or elastic form, such as steel, iron, stainless steel, plastic, rubber, rubber, among other materials, or a combination thereof.
  • male and female means or elements of connection (19, 20) allows the connection between the elements of the cage structure (2) to each other, thus allowing to maintain a degree of flexibility between said joined elements, as well also a resistance of the cage structure (2).
  • the way of joining between said male and female connecting elements or means is carried out by inserting the flange (59) of the male connecting element (19) between the clearance between the pair of flanges (63) of the female connecting element (20), the through holes (60, 64) are aligned so as to pass a bolt (66) through said through holes (60, 64 ), and where said bolt is secured by fixing a threaded nut (67) that is fixed on a spun end of said bolt (66), in this way the coupling between both connecting element or means is made, which are arranged or fixed in the different element comprising the cage structure (2).
  • This joint configuration between elements allows to maintain a relative movement between the elements joined together, in order to maintain a degree of flexibility, elasticity and stiffness.
  • the male attachment element (19) is configured by a base (58), which can be formed by a stage, on which at least one flange (68) protruding from said base perpendicularly is fixed.
  • the flange can be formed by a stage, where said flange (68) comprises a cavity (69) comprising a through hole (70).
  • the cavity (69) of the flange (68) has a shape that can accommodate a spherical or round element, such as a ball (71) inside, which has a through central hole (72).
  • the label (71) is arranged in the cavity (69) of the flange (68) in such a way that the through holes (70, 72), of the cavity and of the ball joint are aligned, and the ball joint (71) is fixed inside by means of a threaded cover (73) with external thread, which is screwed into an internally spun end (74) of the cavity (69) of the flange (68), thus maintaining the ball joint (71) being an integral part inside the flange (68) of the male connecting element (19).
  • the way of joining between said male and female connecting elements or means (19, 20), for the embodiment illustrated in Figure No. 16, is carried out by inserting the flange (68) of the male connecting element (19) between the free space remaining between the pair of tabs (63) of the female connecting element (20), the through holes of the flange (68), which has the ball joint (71) incorporated and with its through holes (70, are aligned) 72) already aligned, with the through hole (64) such that the through hole (72) of the kneecap is aligned with the through hole (64) of the pair of tabs (63) of the female connecting element (19) of way of passing a bolt (66) through said through holes (64, 72), and where said bolt is secured by fixing a threaded nut (67) which is fixed at a spun end of said bolt (66), in this way the coupling between both elements or joining means is made, which are arranged or fi jados in the different element that includes the cage structure (2).
  • This configuration of union between elements allows to maintain a relative movement between the elements joined together, in order to maintain a degree of flexibility, elasticity and rigidity, and where by means of the arrangement of said label (71) a movement is achieved in all possible directions, without a shift in the movement of the joint, which avoids the stresses, which can damage the joint between said male (19) and female (20) male elements or means, and providing between Elements of the cage structure (2) a point of attachment that allows to grant a movement of the structure but without displacement.
  • the configuration of the cage structures (2) can be seen in Figures 18a and 18b, where two configuration modalities are illustrated, of the multiple configuration of cage structures (2) that can be performed, by joining the different aisle elements (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d), which can be joined together, allowing the formation of cage structures that have enough flexibility to allow relative movement between their joined elements, in order to always maintain the shape, volume and cultivation area for the fish, and at the same time provide robustness and rigidity sufficient to prevent adverse climatic conditions, as well as waves and sea currents, influence the area and volume of fish culture, in order to avoid a collapse of the culture system, as can be seen as an example in Figure 19, where a culture system traditionally used in the art is appreciated, where by action of sea currents, waves and adverse climatic conditions, it produces that the fish tank (3, 3 ' ) and the wolf network (4, 4 ' ) move both towards the side as upwards, as a result of the anchoring system (5, 5 ' ) collapsing, cutting the anchoring lines, as it
  • this cultivation system (1) allows to avoid the problems of the technique, since by the configuration of the cage structure (2), where it has a robust central aisle, as a structural support element, by the configuration of the upper, lateral and lower frameworks (11, 13, 14), as well as the anchoring system configuration
  • the configuration of the culture system (1) of the present invention allows joining a series of adjacent crop systems, maintaining said individual conditions that are achieved with its configuration, and where it is also possible to maintain an optimum water circulation flow between adjacent cultivation systems, by allowing them to be separated at a distance
  • an element for waste collection (88) which falls from the culture system (1), either for food that is not consumed by fish, as well as the feca of farmed fish in said culture area defined by each fish culture system (1) of the invention, it is arranged above the lower cross-link (14), which allows a support element to be provided to said waste collection element (88), and allowing for the configuration of the lower framework (14), which is part of the anchoring system, to keep it fixed and rigid in its position, thus being easily implemented, arranged and maintained in position.
  • This waste collection element (88) can be a plastic, a high density fabric, a canvas, a polypropylene element, which allows it to be permeable or semi-permeable.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a system for farming fish, which is used in aquaculture and comprises: at least one cage structure; at least one fishing net that hangs from the cage structure to form at least one volume and area for farming within a body of water; at least one anchoring system; and at least one framework of cables or ropes that surrounds the entire periphery of the nets, as well as the upper surface of the system for farming fish. The cage structure is formed by at least one series of passageway element joined together by means of at least one male and one female joining means or element disposed in the at least one passageway element, to form at least one outer passageway that forms the perimeter of the at least one cage structure and at least one robust central passageway that gives structural support to the farming system. The at least one framework of cables comprises at least one framework of upper, lateral and lower ropes joined to the at least one anchoring system, the at least one cage structure and the at least one fishing net, the anchoring system comprising at least one anchoring line and at least one damping line.

Description

Sistema para el cultivo de peces.  Fish culture system.
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se enmarca dentro del campo de la acuicultura y se refiere a un sistema para el cultivo de peces, que es dispuesto en un cuerpo de agua, para definir un área de cultivo. The present invention is part of the field of aquaculture and refers to a system for the cultivation of fish, which is arranged in a body of water, to define a growing area.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Los sistema para el cultivo de peces en la industria acuícola son bien conocidos, y los cuales se encuentran constituidos básicamente, por una estructura flotante, una red pecera que cuelga, hacia el fondo del cuerpo de agua, desde dicha estructura flotante y un sistema de fondeo que permiten mantener en su lugar al sistema de cultivo. Fish farming systems in the aquaculture industry are well known, and which are basically constituted by a floating structure, a fish tank that hangs, towards the bottom of the body of water, from said floating structure and a system of funding that allow the culture system to be kept in place.
Los sistema para cultivo de peces, ya sea de forma cuadrada, rectangular, redonda o bien de otra forma, permiten formar o proporcionar un área de agua en el cual se encuentran confinados los peces que serán cultivados. Generalmente los sistemas de cultivo se encuentran conformados por un tamaño determinado el cual lo define el tamaño del perímetro de la estructura de la jaula, y la cual debe poseer una configuración tal, que permitan mantener su resistencia y no colapsen debido a la acción de las olas, corrientes marinas, así como condiciones climáticas adversas. Fish farming systems, either square, rectangular, round or otherwise, allow to form or provide an area of water in which the fish that will be farmed are confined. Generally the culture systems are made up of a certain size which is defined by the size of the perimeter of the cage structure, and which must have such a configuration, that they maintain their resistance and do not collapse due to the action of the waves, sea currents, as well as adverse weather conditions.
Uno de los problema asociados a los sistemas de cultivos actualmente utilizados en la industria acuícola, dice relación con restricción de lugares en los cuales puede ser ubicado en el mar un sistema de cultivo de peces, donde dicha ubicación se ve supeditada básicamente a la resistencia que pueda tener la estructura de la jaula y el sistema de fondeo utilizado, los cuales se ven condicionados en su configuración y estructura por las condiciones de oleaje, corrientes marinas y condiciones climáticas del sector, a las cuales se pueden ver sometidas los sistemas de cultivo. Para sobre llevar dicha dificultad, son utilizadas estructuras flotantes de menores tamaños y más robustos, con una mayor cantidad y tamaño de elementos estructurales de la jaula y mayor cantidad de elementos de fondeo, lo cual determina un mayor costo de fabricación, implementación, operación y mantención. One of the problems associated with the crop systems currently used in the aquaculture industry, is related to the restriction of places where a fish culture system can be located in the sea, where said location is basically subject to the resistance that may have the cage structure and the anchorage system used, which are conditioned in its configuration and structure by the wave conditions, marine currents and climatic conditions of the sector, to which the culture systems can be subjected. To overcome this difficulty, floating structures of smaller and more robust sizes are used, with a greater amount and size of structural elements of the cage and greater amount of anchoring elements, which determines a greater cost of manufacturing, implementation, operation and maintenance
La utilización de jaulas de mayor tamaño se ve restringida al hecho que deben ser utilizadas en bahías protegidas, donde no se vean expuesta a condiciones adversas climáticas ni condiciones de corrientes marinas fuertes, sin embargo aun así el tamaño de dichas jaulas que están formadas por una serie de estructuras de jaulas unidas entre sí, para formar un sistema de cultivo, se ve restringido a la utilización de áreas de cultivo pequeñas, configurados y formadas por la disposición de una serie de mallas peceras que penden desde los pasillos que forman parte de las estructuras de jaulas, y las cuales actualmente no superan las dimensiones de 40 metros por 40 metros de ancho y longitud. Esta configuración de jaula y área de cultivo contiguas o adyacentes, para formar el sistema de cultivo, condicionan que cada área de cultivo individual, que será formado a partir del perímetro circundado de agua por una red pecera que pende de los pasillos o estructura de cada jaula, en conjunto no posean un flujo de agua adecuado, lo que dificulta la renovación de la masa de agua, lo cual se traduce en la disminución de la oxigenación del agua, produciéndose un crecimiento más lento o una mayor tasa de mortalidad de los peces cultivados. Esta misma restricción de flujo del área de cultivo, produce que los aspectos sanitarios sean deficientes. The use of larger cages is restricted to the fact that they must be used in protected bays, where they are not exposed to adverse climatic conditions or strong sea currents, however still the size of said cages that are formed by a series of cage structures linked together, to form a culture system, is restricted to the use of small cultivation areas, configured and formed by the arrangement of a series of fishnet meshes that hang from the aisles that are part of the cage structures, and which currently do not exceed the dimensions of 40 meters by 40 meters in width and length. This configuration of adjacent or adjacent cage and cultivation area, to form the cultivation system, condition that each individual cultivation area, which will be formed from the perimeter surrounded by water by a fish tank that hangs from the corridors or structure of each cage, together do not have an adequate water flow, which makes it difficult to renew the body of water, which translates into decreased oxygenation of the water, resulting in slower growth or a higher mortality rate of fish cultivated This same restriction of flow of the crop area, causes that the sanitary aspects are deficient.
Este sistema para cultivo de peces actualmente utilizados en la industria acuícola, formado por más de una jaula dispuestas adyacentes una a lado de la otras, proporcionan espacios cerrados por cada una de las peceras, formando área de cultivos adyacentes de espacio reducido. Si bien es cierto que este sistema de cultivo otorga ciertos beneficios al manejo del cultivo en general y su operación, sin embargo posee varios problemas, tal como la circulación de agua entre cada una de las área definidas se ve restringida al estar cada una de las redes muy juntas, lo cual a su vez afecta el aspectos sanitario del cultivo en general. This fish culture system currently used in the aquaculture industry, consisting of more than one cage arranged adjacent to each other, provides enclosed spaces for each of the fish tanks, forming an area of adjacent crops with reduced space. While it is true that this crop system gives certain benefits to crop management in general and its However, the operation has several problems, such as the circulation of water between each of the defined areas is restricted as each network is close together, which in turn affects the sanitary aspects of the crop in general.
Otro problema, que normalmente afecta a los sistema de cultivos actualmente utilizados en la industria acuícola, dice relación con la capacidad de resistencia que poseen estos sistemas de cultivo, los cuales generalmente no son muy resistentes a condiciones adversas de corrientes y oleajes, por lo cual generalmente se encuentra ubicadas en bahía, en donde la circulación de agua es reducido, lo cual aún agrava más el aspecto sanitarios del cultivo. Another problem, which normally affects the crop systems currently used in the aquaculture industry, is related to the resilience of these farming systems, which are generally not very resistant to adverse conditions of currents and waves, so It is usually located in the bay, where water circulation is reduced, which further aggravates the sanitary aspect of the crop.
No obstante la cantidad de soluciones que existen en la técnica para poder definir áreas de cultivo de peces, que permitan mejorar las condiciones de cultivo de peces, para mejor su producción y sanidad, sin embargo no existe en la técnica una sistema de cultivo cuya configuración otorgue la robustez necesaria como para generar grandes áreas de cultivos de peces, una al lado de la otras, sin que exista restricción de circulación de agua, así como no sean afectadas sus estructuras por las acción de las corrientes marinas adveras, oleaje intenso y condiciones climáticas adversas. Notwithstanding the amount of solutions that exist in the art to be able to define areas of fish culture, which allow to improve the conditions of fish culture, for better production and health, however there is no technique in the art whose configuration grant the necessary robustness to generate large areas of fish culture, next to each other, without restriction of water circulation, as well as their structures are not affected by the action of adverse sea currents, intense waves and conditions adverse weather.
Por lo tanto existe la necesidad de proporcionar un sistema para el cultivo de peces cuya configuración permita definir un área de cultivo mayor que los proporcionados por los sistema de cultivos utilizados en la técnica, sin que se vea afectado por las condiciones de corrientes del agua, oleaje o condiciones climáticas adversas, de forma que se mantenga sin mayores alteraciones el área de cultivo definida por la rede pecera y red lobera, y el perímetro de la jaula para aumentar el área de cultivo peces, de forma de mejorar los aspectos sanitarios del área de cultivo así como las condiciones generales de cultivo de forma de maximizar la producción; RESUMEN DE LA INVENCIÓN Therefore there is a need to provide a system for the cultivation of fish whose configuration allows to define a larger cultivation area than those provided by the crop system used in the technique, without being affected by the conditions of water currents, waves or adverse climatic conditions, so that the culture area defined by the fish tank and wolf net is maintained without major alterations, and the perimeter of the cage to increase the fish culture area, in order to improve the sanitary aspects of the area of cultivation as well as the general conditions of cultivation in order to maximize production; SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
El objeto primario de la invención, es proporcionar un sistema de cultivo para peces cuya configuración estructural permita aumentar el área de cultivo de forma tal que posea la robustez que permita posicionar un sistema de cultivo al lado de otro, sin afectar la circulación del agua entre las áreas de cultivo adyacentes, y sin que se vean afectadas por las condiciones de corrientes, oleajes intensos, y condiciones climáticas adversas. The primary object of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose structural configuration allows to increase the cultivation area in such a way that it has the robustness that allows to position one culture system next to another, without affecting the circulation of water between adjacent growing areas, and without being affected by current conditions, intense waves, and adverse weather conditions.
Otro objeto de la invención es proporcionar un sistema para el cultivo de peces cuya configuración estructural permita mantener el área de cultivo de peces definido por las redes peceras y lobera, sin que las corrientes marinas, oleajes intensos y/o condiciones climáticas adversas, aglutinen las redes restringiendo el área de cultivo de peces, y por ende afectando la sobrevivencia de éstos. Another object of the invention is to provide a system for the cultivation of fish whose structural configuration allows to maintain the area of fish culture defined by the fish and wolf nets, without sea currents, intense waves and / or adverse climatic conditions, agglutinate the networks restricting the area of fish culture, and therefore affecting their survival.
Un segundo objetivo de la invención es proporcionar un sistema de cultivo para peces cuya configuración estructural permita configurar áreas de cultivos adyacentes de a lo menos 60 metros por 60 metros de ancho y largo, sin que se vea restringida la circulación de agua entre jaulas, de forma de maximizar las condiciones de sanidad y condiciones de cultivo del área, para aumentar la capacidad de producción de peces por área. A second objective of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose structural configuration allows to configure adjacent crop areas of at least 60 meters by 60 meters wide and long, without restricting the circulation of water between cages, way to maximize the health conditions and growing conditions of the area, to increase the production capacity of fish by area.
Un tercer objetivo de la invención es proporcionar una sistema para cultivo de peces cuya configuración comprenda una estructura de jaula modular, que permita facilitar su transporte, armado y mantención, permitiendo proporcionar una estructura de jaula robusta y flexible a la vez, de forma que se pueda conformar un perímetro de estructura de lo menos 60 metros por 60 metros de ancho y largo, respectivamente, sin que la estructura se vea afectada por el oleaje intenso, las corriente fuertes de agua, así como las condiciones climáticas adversas, y que permitan configurar un sistema de cultivo con múltiples estructuras de jaulas conformando múltiples áreas de cultivos adyacentes, sin que se vea afectado la circulación de agua entre las jaulas y áreas de cultivo de peces. A third objective of the invention is to provide a system for fish culture whose configuration comprises a modular cage structure, which facilitates its transport, assembly and maintenance, allowing to provide a robust and flexible cage structure at the same time, so that it can form a perimeter of structure of at least 60 meters by 60 meters wide and length, respectively, without the structure being affected by intense waves, strong water currents, as well as adverse weather conditions, and that allow to configure a culture system with multiple cage structures forming multiple adjacent crop areas, without affecting the circulation of water between cages and fish farming areas.
Otro objetivo de la invención es proporcionar un sistema de cultivo cuya configuración comprenda un sistema de fondeo de las estructura de jaula así como de las redes peceras y lobera, que permitan proporcionar múltiples áreas de cultivo adyacentes y de gran tamaño, cuya configuración permita evitar que dicha estructuras y áreas de cultivos se valla a la deriva por efectos de oleajes intensos, corrientes marinas fuertes, o bien condiciones climáticas adversas, permitiendo que por la configuración del sistema de fondeo, mantenga en su lugar al sistema de cultivo. Another objective of the invention is to provide a culture system whose configuration comprises a system of anchoring the cage structure as well as the fish and wolf nets, which allow to provide multiple adjacent and large cultivation areas, whose configuration allows to avoid said structures and areas of crops are adrift due to the effects of intense waves, strong sea currents, or adverse climatic conditions, allowing the configuration of the anchoring system to keep the cultivation system in place.
Aun otro objetivo de la invención es proporcionar un sistema de cultivo para peces cuya configuración comprenda un sistema de entramados de cabos o cuerdas unidos al sistema de fondeo, que permitan dar rigidez, resistencia y flexibilidad al sistema de cultivo para peces, de forma de mantener al sistema en su lugar de fondeo y que mantengan sin mayor alteración el área, volumen y superficie de cultivo, sin que se vea afectado por las condiciones adversas del clima o del mar. Still another objective of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose configuration comprises a system of ropes of ropes or ropes attached to the anchoring system, which allow to give rigidity, resistance and flexibility to the fish culture system, in order to maintain to the system in its place of anchorage and that maintain without major alteration the area, volume and surface of crop, without being affected by the adverse conditions of the climate or of the sea.
La invención de la presente solicitud proporciona un sistema para el cultivo de peces, que son utilizados en la acuicultura, que comprende una estructura de jaula, una red pecera que pende desde la estructura de jaula, una red protectora contra depredadores naturales, tal como una red lobera, que circunda la red pecera, un sistema de fondeo, para mantener en un lugar determinado de un cuerpo de agua al sistema de cultivo para peces, y un entramado de cabos o cuerdas que circunda toda la periferia de las redes pecera y lobera, así como la superficie superior del sistema para cultivo de peces, que se encuentran asociado al sistema de fondeo, donde la estructura de jaula se encuentra configurada con un pasillo central robusto, que da soporte estructural a todo el sistema de cultivo, para ser asociado a otros sistemas de cultivos, unidos adyacentemente mediante medios de unión que otorgan un grado de flexibilidad y robustez a los sistema de cultivos unidos entre sí. The invention of the present application provides a system for the cultivation of fish, which are used in aquaculture, comprising a cage structure, a fish net that hangs from the cage structure, a protective net against natural predators, such as a lobera network, which surrounds the fish tank network, a funding system, to keep the fish culture system in a particular place of a body of water, and a network of ropes or ropes that surrounds the entire periphery of the fish and wolf nets , as well as the upper surface of the fish culture system, which are associated with the anchoring system, where the cage structure is configured with a robust central aisle, which gives structural support to the entire culture system, to be associated to other crop systems, linked adjacently by means of union that grant a degree of flexibility and robustness to the crop systems linked together.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de la realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de la descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado la invención. In order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of the practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of the description where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, has represented the invention.
La figura 1.- corresponde a una vista superior lateral en perspectiva de un sistema para cultivo de peces de acuerdo a la invención. Figure 1 .- corresponds to a top side perspective view of a system for fish farming according to the invention.
La figura 2.- corresponde a una vista superior parcial superior de un sistema de cultivo para peces de acuerdo a la invención. Figure 2.- corresponds to a top partial top view of a fish culture system according to the invention.
La figura 3.- corresponde a una vista superior de un sistema para cultivo de peces que muestra un detalle parcial de los elementos de una modalidad, que comprende la jaula y parte del entramado del sistema de fondeo. Figure 3.- corresponds to a top view of a fish culture system that shows a partial detail of the elements of a modality, comprising the cage and part of the framework of the anchoring system.
La figura 4.- corresponde a una vista en perspectiva lateral superior que muestra un detalle del entramado superior y lateral del sistema de fondeo del sistema de cultivo de peces de la invención. Figure 4.- corresponds to an upper side perspective view showing a detail of the upper and lateral framework of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the invention.
La figura 5.- corresponde a una vista lateral inferior en perspectiva que muestra un detalle del entramado inferior y lateral del sistema de fondeo del sistema de cultivo de peces de la invención. Figure 5.- corresponds to a bottom side view in perspective showing a detail of the bottom and side framework of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the invention.
Las figuras 6a a 6f corresponden a vistas superiores de los elementos que comprende los pasillos exterior que forman la estructura de la jaula del sistema para cultivo de peces de la invención. Las figuras 7a y 7d corresponde a vistas superiores de los elementos que comprenden los pasillos centrales que forman la estructura de la jaula del sistema para cultivo de peces de la invención. Figures 6a to 6f correspond to top views of the elements comprising the outer aisles that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention. Figures 7a and 7d correspond to top views of the elements comprising the central aisles that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
La figura 8 corresponde a una vista superior que muestra un detalle de la configuración estructural de un ejemplo de pasillo que comprende la estructura de jaula del sistema de cultivo de peces de la invención. Figure 8 corresponds to a top view showing a detail of the structural configuration of an example of a passageway comprising the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
La figura 9 corresponde a una vista lateral del pasillo ilustrado en la figuraFigure 9 corresponds to a side view of the aisle illustrated in Figure
N° 8. No. 8
La figura 10 corresponde a una vista lateral de acuerdo al corte transversal A-A del pasillo ilustrado en la figura N° 8. Figure 10 corresponds to a side view according to the cross-section A-A of the aisle illustrated in Figure No. 8.
Las figuras 11a a 11c corresponde a vistas laterales que muestran un detalle de los tipos de flotadores que pueden comprender la estructura de pasillos utilizados en la estructura de jaula del sistema de cultivo de peces de la invención. Figures 11a to 11c correspond to side views showing a detail of the types of floats that may comprise the corridor structure used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
La figura 12 corresponde a una vista superior y un corte, de un tipo de unión de los pasillos de estructuras de jaulas adyacentes del sistema de cultivo para peces de la invención. Figure 12 corresponds to a top view and a section of a type of junction of the aisles of adjacent cage structures of the fish culture system of the invention.
La figura 13 corresponde a una vista superior y lateral de un flotador esquinero utilizado en la estructura de la jaula del sistema para cultivo de peces de la invención. Figure 13 corresponds to a top and side view of a corner float used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
La figura 14 corresponde a una vista superior de piezas de unión (yugos) del sistema de fondeo que son utilizadas en la estructura de jaula del sistema para cultivo de peces de la invención, para unirla a los fondeos La figura 15a corresponde a una vista superior de medios de unión que comprenden los elementos estructurales que forman la estructura de jaula del sistema de cultivo para peces de la invención. Figure 14 corresponds to a top view of joining pieces (yokes) of the anchoring system that are used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention, to join it to the anchorages Figure 15a corresponds to a top view of joining means comprising the structural elements that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
La figura 15b corresponde a una vista superior del detalle (b) de la figura 15a que muestra una primera modalidad de tipo de unión de los medios de unión. Figure 15b corresponds to a top view of the detail (b) of Figure 15a showing a first type of joining type of the joining means.
La figura 15c corresponde a una vistas lateral de la primera modalidad de tipo de unión de la figura 15b. Figure 15c corresponds to a side view of the first type of joint type of Figure 15b.
La figura 15d corresponde a una vista lateral de una segunda modalidad de tipo de unión de tipo de unión de los medios de unión de acuerdo al detalle (a) de la figura 15a. Figure 15d corresponds to a side view of a second type of joint type of the joint means according to the detail (a) of Figure 15a.
La figura 15e corresponde a una vista superior del detalle (a) de la figura 15a que muestra una segunda modalidad del tipo de unión que comprende el medio de unión. Figure 15e corresponds to a top view of the detail (a) of Figure 15a showing a second embodiment of the type of joint comprising the joint means.
La figura 16 corresponde a una vista lateral, una vista superior en despiece y una vistas superior de una tercera modalidad de un tipo de unión de un medio de unión de los elementos estructurales que comprende la estructura de la jaula del sistema de cultivo de la invención. Figure 16 corresponds to a side view, an exploded top view and a top view of a third embodiment of a type of joint of a means for joining the structural elements comprising the cage structure of the culture system of the invention .
La figura 17a corresponde a una vista lateral que muestra los diferentes elementos constituyentes que comprende una primera modalidad del sistema de fondeo del sistema para cultivo de peces de la presente invención. Figure 17a corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a first mode of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
La figura 17b corresponde a una vista lateral que muestra los diferentes elementos constituyentes que comprende una segunda modalidad del sistema de fondeo del sistema para cultivo de peces de la presente invención. La figura 17c corresponde a una vista lateral que muestra los diferentes elementos constituyentes que comprende una tercera modalidad del sistema de fondeo del sistema para cultivo de peces de la presente invención. Figure 17b corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a second modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention. Figure 17c corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a third modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
La figura 17d corresponde a una vista lateral que muestra los diferentes elementos constituyentes que comprende una cuarta modalidad del sistema de fondeo del sistema para cultivo de peces de la presente invención. Figure 17d corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a fourth modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
La figura 18a corresponde a una vista superior que muestra en parte el detalle de configuración estructural de los pasillos de la estructura de jaula de acuerdo a una de las modalidades del sistema de cultivo de peces de la presente invención. Figure 18a corresponds to a top view showing in part the structural configuration detail of the cage structure corridors according to one of the modalities of the fish culture system of the present invention.
La figura 18b corresponde a una vista superior que muestra en parte el detalle de configuración estructural de los pasillos de la estructura de jaula de acuerdo a una de las modalidades del sistema de cultivo de peces de la presente invención. Figure 18b corresponds to a top view showing in part the structural configuration detail of the cage structure corridors according to one of the modalities of the fish culture system of the present invention.
La figura 19 muestra un detalle de la diferencia de comportamiento de un sistema tradicional para cultivo de peces respecto del sistema para cultivo de peces de la presente invención, que muestra la deformación existente de la red tanto pecera como lobera por acción de condiciones de mar y climáticas que influyen sobre un sistema de cultivo de peces. Figure 19 shows a detail of the difference in behavior of a traditional fish culture system with respect to the fish culture system of the present invention, which shows the existing deformation of the fish tank and lobera net by action of sea conditions and climates that influence a fish farming system.
La figura 20 corresponde a una vista lateral superior en perspectiva y un detalle de una lona o tejido de alta densidad que comprende el sistema para cultivo de peces de la presente invención, y permite retener y detener los desechos que caen hacia el fondo marino desde el área de cultivo del sistema de cultivo de peces de la presente invención. La figura 21 corresponde a una vista inferior en perspectiva de acuerdo a la ilustración de la figura 20. Figure 20 corresponds to a top side view in perspective and a detail of a high density canvas or fabric comprising the fish culture system of the present invention, and allows to retain and stop debris falling towards the seabed from the seabed. culture area of the fish culture system of the present invention. Figure 21 corresponds to a bottom perspective view according to the illustration in Figure 20.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCION PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
La invención corresponde a un sistema para el cultivo de peces (1), como es ilustrado en la figura N° 1, tal como aquellos que son utilizados en la acuicultura, donde dicho sistema para cultivo de peces (1) se encuentra conforma por una estructura de jaula (2), una red pecera (3) que pende desde la estructura de jaula (2), una red protectora contra depredadores naturales, tal como una red lobera (4), que circunda la red pecera (3), y un sistema de fondeo (5), para mantener en un lugar determinado de un cuerpo de agua al sistema de cultivo para peces (1). The invention corresponds to a system for the cultivation of fish (1), as illustrated in Figure 1, such as those that are used in aquaculture, where said system for fish culture (1) is formed by a cage structure (2), a fish net (3) that hangs from the cage structure (2), a protective net against natural predators, such as a wolf net (4), which surrounds the fish net (3), and a funding system (5), to keep the fish culture system (1) in a specific place in a body of water.
Un sistema de cultivo para peces (1), como el de la invención, puede comprender una serie de estructuras de jaulas (2) dispuestas adyacentes una a las otras, tal como se ilustras a través de las figuras 1 a 5, ya sea en forma longitudinal o transversal, o bien una combinación de las mismas, y separadas entre sí para generar un espacio (6) suficiente entre estas, para permitir un flujo libre del agua entre las jaulas (2). A fish culture system (1), such as that of the invention, may comprise a series of cage structures (2) arranged adjacent to each other, as illustrated by figures 1 to 5, whether in longitudinal or transverse shape, or a combination thereof, and separated from each other to generate a sufficient space (6) between them, to allow a free flow of water between the cages (2).
El sistema de cultivo para peces (1) de la presente invención, comprende una estructura de jaula (2) formada por una serie de piezas estructurales, de forma que dicha estructura de jaula, comprende pasillos exteriores (7) y al menos un pasillo central (8), donde dichos pasillos exteriores (7) se encuentran dispuestos para formar un cuadrado o un rectángulo, tal como se puede apreciar en la figura 3, de forma que dicha estructura de jaula (2) define un perímetro (9) que forma un superficie y área de cultivo peces (10). La estructura de jaula (2) se encuentra dispuesta en cuerpo de agua, de forma tal que la configuración de dicha estructura de jaula (2) flota sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua, y el área o superficie de cultivo (10) se encuentra determinada por el perímetro (9) que define la unión de los pasillos exteriores (7) de la estructura de jaula (2) y por la red pecera (3), la cual pende desde los pasillos exteriores (7), de forma de definir un área (10) para el cultivo de peces. The fish culture system (1) of the present invention, comprises a cage structure (2) formed by a series of structural parts, such that said cage structure, comprises outer aisles (7) and at least one central aisle (8), where said outer aisles (7) are arranged to form a square or a rectangle, as can be seen in Figure 3, so that said cage structure (2) defines a perimeter (9) that forms a fish farming area and area (10). The cage structure (2) is arranged in a body of water, such that the configuration of said cage structure (2) floats on the surface of the body of water, and the cultivation area or surface (10) is determined by the perimeter (9) that defines the union of the outer aisles (7) of the cage structure (2) and the fish tank (3), which hangs from the outer aisles (7), in order to define an area (10) for fish farming.
Para mantener en el cuerpo de agua dicha estructura de jaula (2) el sistema para cultivo de peces comprende un sistema de fondeo (5), tal como se ilustra en forma esquemática en las figuras 1 a 5, donde dicho sistema de fondeo, se encuentra configurado particularmente por un entramado de cuerdas superiores (11), que pasan por la parte superior del área definida por la estructura de jaula (2), lo cual se puede apreciar en forma esquemática, en la figura 4, y donde dicho entramado de cuerdas se encuentra unido a líneas de fondeo (12) que son parte del sistema de fondeo (5), y que a su vez comprenden un entramado lateral de cuerdas (13), como es ilustrado en las figuras 4 y 5, y un entramado de cuerdas inferior (14) también unidos a las líneas de fondeo (12) del sistema de fondeo (5). Con esta disposición de entramados de cuerdas superior (11), laterales (13) e inferior (14), unidos a las líneas de fondeo (12) del sistema de fondeo (5), se circunda completamente la red lobera (4) y la red pecera (3), que son parte del sistema de cultivo de peces (1), de forma que dicho sistema de fondeo, con dichos entramados, permiten mantener la forma y área de cultivo (10) que define dicha red pecera (3). In order to maintain said cage structure (2) in the body of water, the fish culture system comprises a funding system (5), as schematically illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, where said anchoring system is It is particularly configured by a network of upper ropes (11), which pass through the upper part of the area defined by the cage structure (2), which can be seen schematically, in Figure 4, and where said network of ropes is attached to anchoring lines (12) that are part of the anchoring system (5), and which in turn comprise a lateral lattice of ropes (13), as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, and a lattice of lower ropes (14) also attached to the anchoring lines (12) of the anchoring system (5). With this arrangement of upper (11), lateral (13) and lower (14) rope trusses, connected to the anchoring lines (12) of the anchoring system (5), the lobe network (4) and the fish tank network (3), which are part of the fish culture system (1), so that said anchoring system, with said frameworks, allows to maintain the shape and cultivation area (10) that defines said fish net (3) .
Los entramados de cuerdas superior, laterales e inferior (11 , 13, 14) del sistema de fondeo (5), consisten en un entramado o reticulado de cuerdas o cabos, que son dispuestas rodeando la red lobera (4), la parte inferior de la red lobera o pecera (3, 4), que miran al fondo del suelo marino, así como la parte superior del sistema de cultivo (1) definido por el perímetro formado por los pasillos exteriores (7) que forman la estructura de jaula (2), donde además cabos o cuerdas, pueden unir el entramado inferior de cuerdas (14) con el entramado superior de cuerdas (11), así como cuerdas o cabos pueden unir los entramados laterales de cuerdas (13) entre sí, de forma que dichas cuerdas o cabos pueden ser parte del sistema de fondeo (5), tal como se aprecia en las figuras N° 1 y 2. Los entramados de cuerdas superior (11), laterales (13) e inferior (14), se encuentra unidos al sistema de fondeo (5), donde cada entramado de cuerdas (11 , 13, 14) se encuentra formado por una serie de cabos o cuerdas unidos entre sí tanto en forma horizontal como vertical y separados entre sí formando un entramado de cabos o cuerdas, tal como se ilustra en las figuras 1 a 5. Cada entramado de cuerdas (11, 13, 14) comprende cabos o cuerdas horizontales o longitudinales y cabos o cuerdas verticales o transversales, vinculados entre sí mediante una serie de medios o elementos y son dispuestos a una cierta distancia desde la red pecera (3) y red lobera (4), donde el entramado de cuerdas superior (11) se encuentran dispuestos para ser unidos o pasar a través de los elementos que comprende la estructura de jaula (2). En cada punto en donde se intersectan las cuerdas o cabos longitudinales y transversales para formar cada entramado de cuerdas (11 , 13, 14), es dispuesto un medio o elemento de distribución de cuerdas o cabos, que posee una forma tal que permiten que las cuerdas pasen a través de dichas piezas de distribución, de forma tal que permiten, que las cuerdas solamente pasen a través de dichos medios, para formar cada entramado, y en donde en cada uno de los vértices de cada entramado formado (11, 13, 14), son atadas las cuerdas a dichas piezas de distribución, permitiendo así un movimiento de las cuerdas que forman los entramados, otorgando un grado de flexibilidad y elasticidad a los entramados (11 , 13, 14), permitiendo un movimiento relativo, pero sin embargo manteniendo a la vez la rigidez necesaria, para evitar la deformación del área de cultivo definida por la red pecera (3) y red lobera (4). The lattices of upper, lateral and lower ropes (11, 13, 14) of the anchoring system (5), consist of a lattice or reticulate of ropes or ropes, which are arranged surrounding the lobe network (4), the lower part of the lobera or fishbowl net (3, 4), which look at the bottom of the sea floor, as well as the upper part of the cultivation system (1) defined by the perimeter formed by the outer aisles (7) that form the cage structure ( 2), where in addition ropes or ropes, they can join the lower ropes of ropes (14) with the upper ropes of ropes (11), as well as ropes or ropes can join the lateral ropes of ropes (13) to each other, so that said ropes or ropes may be part of the anchoring system (5), as seen in Figures 1 and 2. The upper (11), lateral (13) and lower (14) rope trusses are attached to the anchoring system (5), where each string truss (11, 13, 14) is formed by a series of ropes or ropes linked together horizontally and vertically and separated from each other forming a lattice of ropes or ropes, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 5. Each ropes lattice (11, 13, 14) comprises horizontal ropes or ropes or longitudinal and vertical or transverse ropes or ropes, linked to each other by a series of means or elements and are arranged at a certain distance from the fish net (3) and wolf net (4), where the upper string of ropes (11) They are arranged to be joined or pass through the elements comprising the cage structure (2). At each point where the longitudinal and transverse ropes or ropes intersect to form each lattice of ropes (11, 13, 14), a means or distribution element of ropes or ropes is arranged, which has a shape that allows the ropes pass through said distribution pieces, in such a way that they allow, that the ropes only pass through said means, to form each fabric, and where at each of the vertices of each formed fabric (11, 13, 14), the ropes are tied to said distribution pieces, thus allowing a movement of the ropes that form the frameworks, granting a degree of flexibility and elasticity to the frameworks (11, 13, 14), allowing relative movement, but without However, while maintaining the necessary stiffness, to avoid deformation of the crop area defined by the fish net (3) and wolf net (4).
Cada reticulado de cuerdas formado (11 , 13, 14) es parte del sistema de fondeo (5) de la estructura de la jaula (2), la red pecera (3) y la red lobera (4), donde dicho sistema de fondeo se encuentra formado por líneas de fondeo (12) que se encuentran constituidas por una serie de líneas o cuerdas de fondeo unidas entre sí, mediante una serie de elementos que permiten retener en su lugar al sistema para cultivo de peces (1), para lo cual dichas líneas fondeo comprenden flotadores, boyas, contrapesos, cuerdas de fondeo, medios o elementos de distribución de las cuerdas o líneas, y un ancla o muerto para el fondeo, que se encuentra fijado al fondo marino. Each rope reticulate formed (11, 13, 14) is part of the anchoring system (5) of the cage structure (2), the fish tank (3) and the wolf net (4), where said anchoring system It is formed by anchoring lines (12) that are constituted by a series of anchoring lines or ropes linked together, by means of a series of elements that allow the fish culture system (1) to be held in place, for which said anchoring lines comprise floats, buoys, counterweights, anchoring ropes, means or elements of distribution of the ropes or lines, and an anchor or dead for anchoring, which is fixed to the seabed.
Un sistema de fondeo (5) que es utilizado en el sistema para cultivo de peces de la presente invención (1), a modo de ejemplo es ilustrado en diferentes modalidades en las la figuras N° 17a a 17d, el cual comprende una serie de líneas o cuerdas de fondeo unidas entre sí en una disposición particular tal como se observa en dichas figuras, donde los entramados laterales, superior e inferior de cuerdas (11 , 13, 14) se encuentran unidos a una línea de fondeo (12) mediante elementos tensores (90, 93) que se encuentran unidos a piezas de distribución (84) de las cuerdas que forman los entramados, así como son unidos dichos tensores a las boyas (76, 92) que forman parte del sistema de fondeo, de forma tal que dichos elementos tensores se encuentran configurados, para ser unidos tanto a la red pecera (3) como a la red lobera (4) de forma retener y detener dichas redes en su lugar, dando resistencia y flexibilidad a éstas, de forma que no se vean afectadas por la acción de condiciones de corrientes marinas, oleajes y condiciones climáticas adversas, manteniendo el volumen y área de cultivo definida por la forma tridimensional de dicha estructura. An anchoring system (5) which is used in the fish culture system of the present invention (1), by way of example is illustrated in different embodiments in Figures No. 17a to 17d, which comprises a series of anchoring lines or ropes joined together in a particular arrangement as observed in said figures, where the lateral, upper and lower strings of ropes (11, 13, 14) are attached to a funding line (12) by means of elements tensioners (90, 93) that are attached to distribution pieces (84) of the ropes that form the frameworks, as well as said tensioners are attached to the buoys (76, 92) that are part of the anchoring system, in such a way that said tensioning elements are configured to be attached to both the fish tank (3) and the wolf network (4) so as to retain and stop said networks in place, giving resistance and flexibility to them, so that they are not are affected by the conditioning action s of sea currents, waves and adverse climatic conditions, maintaining the volume and cultivation area defined by the three-dimensional shape of said structure.
En una primera modalidad el sistema de fondeo, como ilustrado en la figura 17a, comprende un flotador (92) que posee un cuerpo que flota parcialmente sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82), donde desde dicha boya sale una línea, cuerda o cabo de fondeo (91) unida por un extremo a la boya (92) y por el otro extremo a una pieza de distribución de líneas (89) del cual pende un contrapeso (85) que permite que dicha línea (91) conforme una línea con una disposición inclinada descendente desde la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82) hacia el fondo marino, en donde se encuentra fondeado un elemento de anclaje, tal como un peso muerto o un ancla, y a la cual es fijada una cuerda, línea o cabo (78) que se encuentran unida por un extremo a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89), para definir así una línea de fondeo. Desde la parte inferior o más de fondo del entramado lateral de cuerdas (13) a través de un grillete unido a una pieza de distribución (84) de las cuerdas del entramado lateral (13) es unida una cuerda, cabo o línea de fondeo (75), que sale para alejarse desde el entramado lateral (13). Un contrapeso (85) que es unido a la pieza de distribución (84) y pende del mismo hacia el fondo marino para lograr mantener en posición vertical al entramado lateral de cuerdas (13). Desde la pieza de distribución (84) de líneas, cuerdas o cabos, que es utilizada para formación de los entramados (11 , 13, 14) es unida la línea o cuerda de fondeo (75) para formar una línea de amortiguación de las fuerzas de tracción que son ejercidas sobre el sistema de fondeo (5), donde dicha línea de fondeo (75) de amortiguación sale en forma perpendicular a la parte más de fondo del entramado lateral (13), y donde un extremo de dicha línea o cuerda (75) es unida o amarrado a un anillo (86) al cual también es unido un contrapeso (85). Desde el anillo (86) siguiendo la dirección de la línea o cuerda (75), es decir alejándose desde el sistema de cultivo (1), sale una cuerda o línea (87) que es amarrada o unida por un extremo al anillo (86) y por su extremo opuesto es unida o fijada a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89). Esta configuración del conjunto de líneas o cuerdas de fondeo (75, 87), anillo (86) y contrapesos (85), forman una línea de amortiguación del sistema de fondeo (5). Esta modalidad de la invención comprende al menos una línea tensora intermedia (94) adicional, la cual es unida por un extremo a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89), y donde el extremo opuesto es unido o fijado, ya sea a través de una ramificación (95) de dicha línea (94) a las piezas de distribución (84), que forman el entramado lateral (13). Con esta configuración se logra dar mayor resistencia a la tracción y mayor capacidad de disgregar las fuerzas de tensión que son ocasionadas por los movimientos constantes de la estructura de jaula (2), red pecera (3) y red lobera (4) por la acción de las olas, corrientes marinas, y condiciones climáticas adversas. In a first embodiment, the anchoring system, as illustrated in Figure 17a, comprises a float (92) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) connected at one end to the buoy (92) and at the other end to a line distribution part (89) from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the body of water (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element, such as a dead weight or an anchor, is anchored, and to which a rope, line or rope is fixed (78) which are connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), to define a funding line. From the bottom or more bottom of the lateral rope framework (13) through a shackle attached to a piece of distribution (84) of the strings of the lateral framework (13) is attached a rope, rope or anchoring line (75), which leaves to move away from the lateral framework (13). A counterweight (85) that is attached to the distribution piece (84) and hangs thereon towards the seabed to keep the lateral latticework of ropes (13) upright. From the distribution piece (84) of lines, ropes or ropes, which is used for forming the trusses (11, 13, 14) the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached. From the ring (86) following the direction of the line or rope (75), that is, moving away from the cultivation system (1), a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86 ) and at its opposite end is attached or fixed to the line distribution part (89). This configuration of the set of anchor lines or ropes (75, 87), ring (86) and counterweights (85), form a damping line of the anchoring system (5). This embodiment of the invention comprises at least one additional intermediate tensioning line (94), which is connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), and where the opposite end is joined or fixed, either through a branch (95) of said line (94) to the distribution pieces (84), which form the lateral framework (13). With this configuration it is possible to give greater tensile strength and greater ability to disintegrate the tension forces that are caused by the constant movements of the cage structure (2), fish net (3) and wolf net (4) by the action of waves, sea currents, and adverse weather conditions.
En una segunda modalidad del sistema de fondeo, como ilustrado en la figura 17b, comprende un flotador (76) que posee un cuerpo que flota parcialmente sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82), donde desde dicha boya sale una línea, cuerda o cabo de fondeo (91) unida por un extremo a la boya (76) y por el extremo opuesto a una pieza de distribución de líneas (89), del cual pende un contrapeso (85) que permite que dicha línea (91) conforme una línea con una disposición inclinada descendente desde la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82) hacia el fondo marino, en donde se encuentra fondeado un elemento de anclaje, tal como un peso muerto o un ancla, y a la cual es fijada una cuerda, línea o cabo (78) que se encuentran unida por un extremo a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89), para definir así una línea de fondeo. Desde la parte inferior o más de fondo del entramado lateral de cuerdas (13) a través de un grillete unido a una pieza de distribución (84) de las cuerdas del entramado lateral (13), es unida una cuerda, cabo o línea de fondeo (75), que sale para alejarse desde el entramado lateral (13). Un contrapeso (85) que es unido a la pieza de distribución (84) y pende del mismo hacia el fondo marino para lograr mantener en posición vertical al entramado lateral de cuerdas (13). Desde la pieza de distribución (84) de líneas, cuerdas o cabos, que es utilizada para formación de los entramados (11 , 13, 14) es unida la línea o cuerda de fondeo (75) para formar una línea de amortiguación de las fuerzas de tracción que son ejercidas sobre el sistema de fondeo (5), donde dicha línea de fondeo (75) de amortiguación sale en forma perpendicular a la parte más de fondo del entramado lateral (13), y donde un extremo de dicha línea o cuerda (75) es unida o amarrado a un anillo (86) al cual también es unido un contrapeso (85). Desde el anillo (86) siguiendo la dirección de la línea o cuerda (75), es decir alejándose desde el sistema de cultivo (1), sale una cuerda o línea (87) que es amarrada o unida por un extremo al anillo (86) y por su extremo opuesto es unida o fijada a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89). Esta configuración del conjunto de líneas o cuerdas de fondeo (75, 87), anillo (86) y contrapesos (85), forman una línea de amortiguación del sistema de fondeo (5). In a second mode of the anchoring system, as illustrated in Figure 17b, it comprises a float (76) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) attached at one end to the buoy (76) and at the opposite end of a line distribution part (89), from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the water body (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element is anchored, such as a dead weight or an anchor, and to which a rope, line or rope (78) is attached that are attached at one end to the distribution part of lines (89), to define a funding line. From the bottom or more bottom of the lateral rope framework (13) through a shackle attached to a distribution piece (84) of the lateral framework ropes (13), a rope, rope or anchor line is attached (75), which leaves to move away from the lateral framework (13). A counterweight (85) that is attached to the distribution piece (84) and hangs thereon towards the seabed to keep the lateral latticework of ropes (13) upright. From the distribution piece (84) of lines, ropes or ropes, which is used for forming the trusses (11, 13, 14) the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached. From the ring (86) following the direction of the line or rope (75), that is, moving away from the cultivation system (1), a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86 ) and at its opposite end is attached or fixed to the line distribution part (89). This configuration of the set of anchor lines or ropes (75, 87), ring (86) and counterweights (85), form a damping line of the anchoring system (5).
En una tercera modalidad del sistema de fondeo (5), ilustrada en la figura 17c, los entramados laterales de cuerdas (13) se encuentran unidos a una línea de fondeo (12) que es fijada a un flotador o boya (79) a través de una pieza de distribución cuerdas, cabos o líneas de fondeo (80), donde dicha boya se encuentra unida a dicha pieza de distribución a través de una cadena y un grillete (81), de esta forma la boya sustenta y mantiene en su lugar al entramado lateral de cuerdas (13), así como mantiene en su lugar a la línea de fondeo, dispuesto a una cierta distancia por debajo de la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82), para mantener un grado de flexibilidad y elasticidad en el sistema de fondeo (5). Una línea, cabo o cuerda de fondeo (77) es unida a la pieza o plato de distribución (80), uniendo un extremo de dicha línea de fondeo (77) mediante un grillete (81 ) al plato de distribución (80) y el otro extremo a una cadena que se encuentra unida a una segunda boya (79), dispuesta en una posición más alejada del sistema de cultivo (1), que mantiene a la línea de fondeo (77) a una distancia desde la superficie del cuerpo del agua (82). Una segunda línea de fondeo (76) es unida a través de un primer extremo a un extremo de la cadena de la boya (79) y el extremo opuesto, de dicha segunda línea de fondeo (76), es unido a una pieza de distribución de líneas de fondeo (83). Desde la parte inferior o más de fondo del entramado lateral de cuerdas (13) a través de un grillete unido a una pieza de distribución (84) de las cuerdas del entramado lateral (13) es unida una cuerda, cabo o línea de fondeo (75), que sale para alejarse desde el entramado lateral (13). Un contrapeso (85) que es unido a la pieza de distribución (84) y pende del mismo hacia el fondo marino, logra mantener en posición vertical al entramado lateral de cuerdas (13). Desde la pieza de distribución (84) de líneas, cuerdas o cabos, que es utilizada para formación de los entramados (1 1 , 13, 14) es unida la línea o cuerda de fondeo (75) para formar una línea de amortiguación de las fuerzas de tracción que son ejercidas sobre el sistema de fondeo (5), donde dicha línea de fondeo (75) de amortiguación sale en forma perpendicular a la parte más de fondo del entramado lateral (13), y donde un extremo de dicha línea o cuerda (75) es unida o amarrado a un anillo (86) al cual también es unido un contrapeso (85). Desde el anillo (86) siguiendo la dirección de la línea o cuerda (75, es decir alejándose desde el sistema de cultivo (1), sale una cuerda o línea (87) que es amarrado o unida por un extremo al anillo (86) y por su extremo opuesto es unida o amarrada a otro anillo (86), donde dicho anillo es unido o fijado a la pieza de distribución (83) de líneas de fondeo a la cual es unido un contrapeso (85). Esta configuración del conjunto de líneas o cuerdas de fondeo (75, 87), anillos (86) y contrapesos (85), forman una línea de amortiguación del sistema de fondeo (5), y donde desde dicha pieza de distribución (83) sale una línea o cuerda de fondeo (78) que es unida a un dispositivo de fondeo, tal como un ancla de fondeo o bien un peso muerto de fondeo, que es fijado en el fondo marino. In a third mode of the anchoring system (5), illustrated in Figure 17c, the lateral rope trusses (13) are attached to a anchoring line (12) that is fixed to a float or buoy (79) through of a distribution piece ropes, ropes or anchoring lines (80), where said buoy is attached to said distribution part through a chain and a shackle (81), in this way the buoy supports and maintains in place the lateral latticework of ropes (13), as well as keeps in place the anchoring line, arranged at a certain distance below the surface of the body of water (82), to maintain a degree of flexibility and elasticity in the funding system (5). An anchoring line, rope or rope (77) is attached to the distribution piece or plate (80), joining one end of said anchoring line (77) by means of a shackle (81) to the distribution plate (80) and the another end to a chain that is attached to a second buoy (79), arranged in a position further away from the cultivation system (1), which keeps the anchor line (77) at a distance from the surface of the body of the water (82). A second anchoring line (76) is connected through a first end to one end of the buoy chain (79) and the opposite end, of said second anchoring line (76), is attached to a distribution piece of funding lines (83). From the bottom or more bottom of the lateral rope framework (13) through a shackle attached to a distribution piece (84) of the lateral framework ropes (13) a rope, rope or anchor line ( 75), which leaves to move away from the lateral framework (13). A counterweight (85) that is attached to the distribution piece (84) and hangs thereon towards the seabed, manages to keep the lateral latticework of ropes (13) upright. From the distribution piece (84) of lines, ropes or ropes, which is used for forming the trusses (1 1, 13, 14) the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the tensile forces that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or Rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached. From the ring (86) following the direction of the line or rope (75, that is, moving away from the cultivation system (1), a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86) and at its opposite end it is attached or tied to another ring (86), where said ring is attached or fixed to the distribution part (83) of anchor lines to which a counterweight (85) is attached. of anchoring lines or ropes (75, 87), rings (86) and counterweights (85), they form a damping line of the anchoring system (5), and where from said distribution piece (83) a anchoring line or rope (78) comes out that is attached to a anchoring device, such as a anchoring anchor or a deadweight of anchorage, which is set on the seabed.
En una cuarta modalidad del sistema de fondeo, como ilustrado en la figura 17d, comprende un flotador (76) que posee un cuerpo que flota parcialmente sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82), donde desde dicha boya sale una línea, cuerda o cabo de fondeo (91) unida por un extremo a la boya (76) y por el otro extremo a una pieza de distribución de líneas (89) del cual pende un contrapeso (85) que permite que dicha línea (91) conforme una línea con una disposición inclinada descendente desde la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82) hacia el fondo marino, en donde se encuentra fondeado un elemento de anclaje, tal como un peso muerto o un ancla, y a la cual es fijada una cuerda, línea o cabo (78) que se encuentran unida por un extremo a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89), para definir así una línea de fondeo. Desde la parte inferior o más de fondo del entramado lateral de cuerdas (13) a través de un grillete unido a una pieza de distribución (84) de las cuerdas del entramado lateral (13) es unida una cuerda, cabo o línea de fondeo (75), que sale para alejarse desde el entramado lateral (13). Un contrapeso (85) que es unido a la pieza de distribución (84) y pende del mismo hacia el fondo marino para lograr mantener en posición vertical al entramado lateral de cuerdas (13). Desde la pieza de distribución (84) de líneas, cuerdas o cabos, que es utilizada para formación de los entramados (11 , 13, 14) es unida la línea o cuerda de fondeo (75) para formar una línea de amortiguación de las fuerzas de tracción que son ejercidas sobre el sistema de fondeo (5), donde dicha línea de fondeo (75) de amortiguación sale en forma perpendicular a la parte más de fondo del entramado lateral (13), y donde un extremo de dicha línea o cuerda (75) es unida o amarrado a un anillo (86) al cual también es unido un contrapeso (85). Desde el anillo (86) siguiendo la dirección de la línea o cuerda (75), es decir alejándose desde el sistema de cultivo (1), sale una cuerda o línea (87) que es amarrada o unida por un extremo al anillo (86) y por su extremo opuesto es unida o fijada a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89). Esta configuración del conjunto de líneas o cuerdas de fondeo (75, 87), anillo (86) y contrapesos (85), forman una línea de amortiguación del sistema de fondeo (5). Esta modalidad de la invención comprende al menos una línea tensora de amortiguación intermedia (75', 87') adicional, la cual es unida por un extremo de la cuerda intermedia (87') a la pieza de distribución de líneas (89), y donde el extremo opuesto es unido o fijado a una anillo (86), y donde desde dicho anillo sale una línea intermedia (75'), unida a través de un extremo a dicho anillo, y unida a las piezas de distribución de los cabos o líneas (84) del entramado lateral, a través de una ramificación (95) de dicha línea (75'). Con esta configuración se logra dar mayor resistencia a la tracción y mayor capacidad de disgregar las fuerzas de tensión, por el efecto tensor y amortiguador que logra proporcionar dicha línea intermedia adicional, que son ocasionadas por los movimientos constantes de la estructura de jaula (2), red pecera (3) y red lobera (4) por la acción de las olas, corrientes marinas, y condiciones climáticas adversas. In a fourth mode of the anchoring system, as illustrated in Figure 17d, it comprises a float (76) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) attached at one end to the buoy (76) and at the other end to a line distribution part (89) from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the body of water (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element, such as a dead weight or an anchor, is anchored, and to which a rope, line or rope is fixed (78) which are connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), to define a funding line. From the bottom or more bottom of the lateral rope framework (13) through a shackle attached to a distribution piece (84) of the lateral framework ropes (13) a rope, rope or anchor line ( 75), which leaves to move away from the lateral framework (13). A counterweight (85) that is attached to the distribution piece (84) and hangs thereon towards the seabed to keep the lateral latticework of ropes (13) upright. From the distribution piece (84) of lines, ropes or ropes, which is used for forming the trusses (11, 13, 14) the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached. From the ring (86) following the direction of the line or rope (75), that is, moving away from the cultivation system (1), a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86 ) and by its end opposite is attached or fixed to the line distribution part (89). This configuration of the set of anchor lines or ropes (75, 87), ring (86) and counterweights (85), form a damping line of the anchoring system (5). This embodiment of the invention comprises at least one additional intermediate damping tensioning line (75 ' , 87 ' ), which is connected by one end of the intermediate rope (87 ' ) to the line distribution part (89), and where the opposite end is attached or fixed to a ring (86), and where from said ring an intermediate line (75 ' ) comes out, joined through one end to said ring, and attached to the distribution pieces of the ends or lines (84) of the lateral framework, through a branch (95) of said line (75 ' ). With this configuration, it is possible to give greater tensile strength and greater ability to break up the tension forces, due to the tension and damping effect that this additional intermediate line can provide, which are caused by the constant movements of the cage structure (2) , fish tank (3) and wolf net (4) by the action of waves, sea currents, and adverse weather conditions.
La configuración del sistema de fondeo (5), tal como el descrito precedentemente e ilustrado en las diferentes modalidades mostradas en las figuras 17a a 17d, permiten mantener las fuerzas de tensión, que afectan al sistema de fondeo, con una distribución óptima, ya que permite distribuir en forma equilibrada a través de dicho sistema de fondeo las tensiones que se producen por efecto de los movimientos que sufre el sistema de cultivo para peces (1) que es generado, por corrientes, olas, vientos, y otros factores climáticos adversos, de forma tal que se evita que las líneas de fondeo que comprende del sistema de fondeo se rompan o colapsen, logrando así mantener en su lugar al sistema de cultivo de peces sin que colapse y se vaya a la deriva, y permitiendo a la vez mantener el volumen definido por el área de cultivo (10) proporcionado por dicha red pecera (3) y red lobera (4), al lograr mantenerlos en su disposición normal. The configuration of the anchoring system (5), such as the one described above and illustrated in the different modalities shown in Figures 17a to 17d, makes it possible to maintain the tension forces, which affect the anchoring system, with an optimal distribution, since it allows to distribute in a balanced way through said funding system the tensions that are produced by the effect of the fish culture system (1) that is generated, by currents, waves, winds, and other adverse climatic factors, in such a way that the anchoring lines that comprise the anchoring system are prevented from breaking or collapsing, thus maintaining the fish culture system in place without collapsing and drifting, and allowing both to maintain the volume defined by the cultivation area (10) provided by said fish net (3) and wolf net (4), by keeping them in their normal disposition.
Los entramados de cuerdas superior, laterales e inferior (11 , 13, 14) unidos al sistema de fondeo (5) proporcionan más elasticidad al sistema para cultivo de peces (2), lo cual permite distribuir en forma óptima las fuerzas disminuyendo la fuerza de anclaje pick en el sistema de anclaje, ya que se quiebra la línea de fondeo. Cada entramado de cuerdas (11 , 13, 14) otorga un sistema de sujeción óptimo, dando soporte a las redes pecera y lobera del sistema para cultivo de peces (1), manteniendo en su lugar dichas redes y distanciadas entre sí, logrando que por la formación y configuración de dicho entramado, se mueva el conjunto red pecera y lobera por la acción de las corrientes mantenido su volumen y disposición general en el cuerpo del agua. The upper, lateral and lower rope frameworks (11, 13, 14) attached to the anchoring system (5) provide more elasticity to the system for growing fish (2), which allows the forces to be distributed optimally by decreasing the pick anchor force in the anchoring system, since the anchoring line is broken. Each network of ropes (11, 13, 14) provides an optimal restraint system, supporting the fish tank and lobera nets of the fish culture system (1), keeping these nets in place and distancing themselves from each other, achieving that by the formation and configuration of said network, the whole fish tank and wolf net is moved by the action of the currents, maintaining their volume and general disposition in the body of the water.
Esta mejor sujeción y distribución de fuerzas que se logra en el sistema de cultivo (1), permite disminuir los riesgos de colapso del sistema de fondeo, por el corte de las líneas, ya que mejora la distribución de las fuerzas de tensión del sistema, haciendo que se mantenga el volumen definido por la red pecera permitiendo así mejorar la oxigenación de los peces al mejorar el flujo de agua dentro del volumen definido por la red pecera y la organización de los peces dentro de dicho volumen definido, al lograr efectivamente mantener el volumen definido por el conjunto jaula/red pecera. This better clamping and distribution of forces that is achieved in the cultivation system (1), allows to reduce the risks of collapse of the anchoring system, due to the cutting of the lines, since it improves the distribution of the tension forces of the system, causing the volume defined by the fishnet network to be maintained thus allowing to improve the oxygenation of the fish by improving the flow of water within the volume defined by the fish tank and the organization of the fish within said defined volume, by effectively maintaining the volume defined by the cage / fish tank set.
Haciendo referencia a la figura N° 3, la estructura de la jaula (2) se encuentra configurada por una serie de elementos unidos entre sí, para formar una estructura de jaula conformada por una serie de pasillos exteriores (7), unidos entre sí para formar un perímetro de la estructura de jaula (2), ya sea rectangular o cuadrada. En una realización preferente de la invención la estructura de jaula (2) comprende un pasillo central (8), conformando la columna vertebral de la estructura de la jaula (2), pasando por el medio de las estructuras de las jaulas, mejorando las condiciones de operatividad de sistema para cultivo de peces (1), dando mayor robustez a la estructura de la jaula (2), permitiendo aumentar el tamaño de las jaulas, pudiendo tener una dimensión de jaula, de a lo menos 60m por 60m, formando un mayor espacio tridimensional, es decir un mayor área de cultivo para los peces, por lo tanto un mayor y mejor flujo del agua en el área de cultivo, mejorando las condiciones de oxigenación, circulación de agua y en general habitat de los peces, disminuyendo al mortalidad y mejorando los aspectos sanitarios del área de cultivo. Referring to Figure N ° 3, the cage structure (2) is configured by a series of elements linked together, to form a cage structure formed by a series of outer aisles (7), joined together to form a perimeter of the cage structure (2), either rectangular or square. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the cage structure (2) comprises a central aisle (8), forming the backbone of the cage structure (2), passing through the middle of the cage structures, improving the conditions of operability of fish culture system (1), giving greater strength to the cage structure (2), allowing to increase the size of the cages, being able to have a cage dimension, of at least 60m by 60m, forming a greater three-dimensional space, that is to say a greater area of culture for the fish, therefore a greater and better flow of the water in the area of culture, improving the conditions of oxygenation, circulation of water and in general habitat of the fish, decreasing mortality and improving the sanitary aspects of the farming area.
Cada pasillo exterior y central (7, 8) se encuentran conformados por una serie de piezas unidas entre sí, los cuales serán descritos haciendo referencia a las figuras 6 a 16 de la presente invención. Los pasillos son formados por la unión de una serie de elementos de pasillos los cuales se pueden observar en las figuras 6a a 7d, los cuales poseen una configuración estructural similar, sin embargo poseen disposición de elementos de unión específicos, de acuerdo a la ubicación en la cual se encuentran dispuestos, para formar los pasillos de las estructura de jaula (2). Each outer and central aisle (7, 8) is formed by a series of pieces joined together, which will be described with reference to figures 6 to 16 of the present invention. The corridors are formed by the union of a series of corridor elements which can be seen in figures 6a to 7d, which have a similar structural configuration, however they have disposition of specific union elements, according to the location in which are arranged, to form the aisles of the cage structure (2).
En la figura 6a se ilustra un elemento de pasillo exterior intermedio (15) que comprende vigas longitudinales (16) dispuesta en forma paralela y distanciadas entre sí, las cuales son unidas entre sí mediante elementos de pisos (17), los cuales se pueden apreciar en detalle en la figura N° 8, los cuales pueden poseer una superficie antideslizante. Los elementos de pasillo intermedio (15) comprenden extremos de unión (18) configurados con medios o elementos de unión macho (19) y hembra (20). Un primer extremo (18) del elemento de pasillo intermedio (15), comprende medios o elementos de unión macho (19), que serán encajados o unidos a los elementos o medios de unión hembra (20) de un elemento de pasillo intermedio o bien de otro elemento de pasillo contiguo. De esta forma un elemento de pasillo intermedio (15), posee en un primer extremo (18) un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y en el extremo opuesto (18) un medio o elemento de unión hembra (20). Los elementos de pasillo intermedio (15) además pueden comprender en uno o ambos costados longitudinales una serie de cáncamos (21), que permiten unir las cuerdas o cabos del sistema de fondeo (5), así como también las cuerdas o cabos que forman parte del entramado superior de cuerdas (11) del sistema de fondeo (5). Los medios o elementos de unión de los elementos de pasillos serán explicados en detalle más adelante. Un elemento de pasillo esquina macho (22), es ilustrado en la figura 6b, donde dicho elemento de pasillo esquina macho (22) comprende vigas longitudinales (16) dispuestas en forma paralela y distanciadas entre sí, las cuales son unidas entre sí mediante elementos de pisos (17), los cuales se pueden apreciar en detalle en la figura N° 8, y los que pueden poseer una superficie antideslizante. Este elemento de pasillo (22) comprende extremos opuestos (18), donde un extremo posee un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y en el extremo (18) opuesto un medio o elemento de unión hembra (20), de forma que pueden ser unidos otros elementos de pasillos, para formar los pasillos exteriores (7) o pasillo central (8) de la estructura de jaula (2). La configuración del elemento de pasillo esquina macho (22), comprende en al menos uno de sus extremos al menos un medio o elemento de unión macho (23) dispuesto en uno de sus bordes laterales longitudinales. Con esta configuración dicho elemento de pasillo (22) es utilizado para permitir la unión de otros elementos de pasillos en forma perpendicular, para formar pasillos transversales o bien centrales de la estructura de jaula (2). Adicionalmente dicho elemento de pasillo esquina macho, puede comprender al menos un cáncamo (21) dispuesto en al menos uno de sus bordes longitudinales, de forma de permitir ser unidas las cuerdas o cabos de las líneas de fondeo del sistema de fondeo (5) o bien puedan pasar las cuerdas o cabos del entramado superior (11) del sistema de fondeo (5). Adicionalmente dicho elemento de pasillo (22) comprende en el extremo (18) en donde es dispuesto el elemento o medio de unión macho (23) lateral, un medio de refuerzo (26), formado por una serie de platinas y/o vigas transversales y ortogonales a las vigas longitudinales (16), para aumentar la resistencia a las tracciones por fuerzas que sufrirán dichos elementos de pasillo, al estar unidos tanto a otros elementos de pasillos en forma longitudinal así como transversal. Figure 6a illustrates an intermediate outer aisle element (15) comprising longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in figure N ° 8, which may have a non-slip surface. The intermediate aisle elements (15) comprise connecting ends (18) configured with male (19) and female (20) male means or elements. A first end (18) of the intermediate aisle element (15), comprises male means or connecting elements (19), which will be fitted or joined to the female connecting elements or means (20) of an intermediate aisle element or from another adjacent aisle element. In this way, an intermediate aisle element (15) has a male connection means (19) at the first end (18) and a female connection means (20) at the opposite end (18). The intermediate aisle elements (15) can also comprise on one or both longitudinal sides a series of eyebolts (21), which allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring system (5) to be joined, as well as the ropes or ends that are part of the upper rope framework (11) of the anchoring system (5). The joining means or elements of the aisle elements will be explained in detail later. A male corner aisle element (22) is illustrated in Figure 6b, wherein said male corner aisle element (22) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by elements of floors (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that can have a non-slip surface. This aisle element (22) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that other aisle elements can be joined, to form the outer aisles (7) or central aisle (8) of the cage structure (2). The configuration of the male corner aisle element (22), comprises at least one of its ends at least one male means or connecting element (23) disposed on one of its longitudinal side edges. With this configuration said aisle element (22) is used to allow the joining of other aisle elements perpendicularly, to form transverse or central aisles of the cage structure (2). Additionally said male corner aisle element may comprise at least one eyebolt (21) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal edges, so as to allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring lines of the anchoring system (5) to be joined or either the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5) can pass. Additionally said aisle element (22) comprises at the end (18) where the lateral male connecting element (23), a reinforcing means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse beams is arranged and orthogonal to the longitudinal beams (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, as they are attached to other longitudinally as well as cross-sectional aisle elements.
Un elemento de pasillo esquina hembra (24), es ilustrado en la figura N° 6c, donde dicho elemento de pasillo esquina hembra (24) comprende vigas longitudinales (16) dispuestas en forma paralela y distanciadas entre sí, las cuales son unidas entre sí mediante elementos de pisos (17), los cuales se pueden apreciar en detalle en la figura N° 8, y los que pueden poseer una superficie antideslizante. Este elemento de pasillo (24) comprende extremos opuestos (18), donde un extremo posee un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y en el extremo (18) opuesto un medio o elemento de unión hembra (20), de forma que pueden del unidos otros elementos de pasillos, para formar ya sea los pasillos exteriores (7) o central (8) de la estructura de jaula (2). La configuración del elemento de pasillo esquina hembra (24), comprende en al menos uno de sus extremos (18) al menos un medio o elemento de unión hembra (25) dispuesto en al menos uno de sus bordes laterales longitudinales del elemento de pasillo esquina hembra (24). Con esta configuración dicho elemento de pasillo (24) es utilizado para permitir la unión de otros elementos de pasillos en forma perpendicular, para formar pasillos transversales o bien centrales de la estructura de jaula (2). Adicional mente dicho elemento de pasillo esquina hembra, puede comprender al menos un cáncamo (21) dispuesto en al menos uno de sus bordes longitudinales, de forma de permitir ser unidas las cuerdas o cabos de las líneas de fondeo del sistema de fondeo (5) o bien puedan pasar las cuerdas o cabos del entramado superior (11) del sistema de fondeo (5). Adicional mente dicho elemento de pasillo (24) comprende en el extremo (18) en donde es dispuesto el elemento o medio de unión hembra (25) lateral, al menos un medio de refuerzo (26), formado por una serie de platinas y/o vigas transversales y ortogonales a las vigas longitudinales (16), para aumentar la resistencia a las tracciones por fuerzas que sufrirán dichos elementos de pasillo, al estar unidos tanto a otros elementos de pasillos en forma longitudinal así como transversal. A female corner aisle element (24) is illustrated in Figure No. 6c, wherein said female corner aisle element (24) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together. by means of floor elements (17), which can be appreciate in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those who may possess a non-slip surface. This aisle element (24) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that other aisle elements can be joined together to form either the outer (7) or central (8) aisles of the cage structure (2). The configuration of the female corner aisle element (24), comprises at least one of its ends (18) at least one female connecting means or element (25) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal side edges of the corner aisle element female (24). With this configuration said aisle element (24) is used to allow the joining of other aisle elements perpendicularly, to form transverse or central aisles of the cage structure (2). Additionally, said female corner aisle element may comprise at least one eyebolt (21) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal edges, so as to allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring lines of the anchoring system (5) to be joined or the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5) can pass. Additionally, said aisle element (24) comprises at the end (18) where the lateral female connecting element (25) is arranged, at least one reinforcing means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse and orthogonal beams to the longitudinal beams (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, as they are attached to other longitudinally as well as transverse aisle elements.
La figura N° 6d ilustra un elementos de pasillo central de fondeo (27) comprende vigas longitudinales (16) dispuestas en forma paralela y distanciadas entre sí, las cuales son unidas entre sí mediante elementos de pisos (17), los cuales se pueden apreciar en detalle en la figura N° 8, y los que pueden poseer una superficie antideslizante. Este elemento de pasillo (27) comprende extremos opuestos (18), donde un extremo posee un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y en el extremo (18) opuesto un medio o elemento de unión hembra (20), de forma que pueden ser unidos a otros elementos de pasillos, para formar ya sea los pasillos exteriores (7) o central (8) de la estructura de jaula (2). La configuración del elemento de pasillo central de fondeo (27), comprende en su parte central de su eje longitudinal, en al menos uno de sus bordes laterales al menos un cáncamo (21), de forma de permitir ser unidas las cuerdas o cabos de las líneas de fondeo del sistema de fondeo (5) o bien puedan pasar las cuerdas o cabos del entramado superior (11) del sistema de fondeo (5). Adicionalmente dichos elementos de pasillo (27) comprende en su parte central, en donde van dispuestos los cáncamos (21), al menos un medio de refuerzo (26), formado por una serie de platinas y/o vigas transversales y ortogonales a las vigas longitudinales (16), para aumentar la resistencia a las tracciones por fuerzas que sufrirá dichos elementos de pasillo, al estar unidos a las líneas de fondeo (12) del sistema de fondeo (5). Figure 6d illustrates a central corridor elements (27) comprising longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that may have a non-slip surface. This aisle element (27) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female means or connecting element (20), so which can be attached to other aisle elements, to form either the outer (7) or central (8) aisles of the cage structure (2). The configuration of the central anchoring corridor element (27), comprises in its central part of its longitudinal axis, at least one of its lateral edges at least one eyebolt (21), so as to allow the ropes or ropes of the anchorage lines of the anchoring system (5) can either pass the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5). Additionally said aisle elements (27) comprise in their central part, where the eyebolts (21) are arranged, at least one reinforcement means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse and orthogonal beams to the beams longitudinal (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, being connected to the anchoring lines (12) of the anchoring system (5).
La figura 6e muestra un elemento de pasillo central de fondeo (27), el cual puede poseer una mayor longitud, al comprender a lo largo de su eje longitudinal, más de un elemento o medio de refuerzo (26) en combinación con la ubicación de los cáncamos (21) para unir líneas de fondeo (12) del sistema de fondeo (5). Dicho elemento de pasillo posee la misma configuración que el elemento de pasillo central de fondeo descrito e ilustrado en la figura N° 6d, el cual comprende en forma adicional más elementos de refuerzo, para aumentar así su tamaño. Figure 6e shows a central anchoring corridor element (27), which may have a greater length, comprising along its longitudinal axis, more than one reinforcing element or means (26) in combination with the location of the eyebolts (21) for joining anchor lines (12) of the anchoring system (5). Said aisle element has the same configuration as the central anchoring corridor element described and illustrated in Figure No. 6d, which additionally comprises more reinforcing elements, to thereby increase its size.
Un elemento de pasillo con medio de unión macho/hembra central (28), es ilustrado en la figura N° 6f, donde dicho elemento de pasillo (28) comprende vigas longitudinales (16) dispuestas en forma paralela y distanciadas entre sí, las cuales son unidas entre sí mediante elementos de pisos (17), los cuales se pueden apreciar en detalle en la figura N° 8, y los que pueden poseer una superficie antideslizante. Este elemento de pasillo (28) comprende extremos opuestos (18), donde un extremo posee un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y en el extremo (18) opuesto un medio o elemento de unión hembra (20), de forma que pueden ser unidos a otros elementos de pasillos, para formar ya sea los pasillos exteriores (7) o central (8) de la estructura de jaula (2). La configuración del elemento de pasillo con medio de unión macho/hembra central (28), comprende en su parte central de su eje longitudinal, en al menos un borde longitudinal del elemento de pasillo, al menos un medio o elemento de unión hembra (29) y en su borde longitudinal opuesto al menos un medio o elemento de unión macho (30), de forma que a dichos medios de unión (29, 30), pueden ser unidos en una disposición transversal o perpendicular a dicho elemento de pasillo (28) otros elementos de pasillo, para formar pasillos transversales, exteriores (7), y/o centrales (8) de la estructura de jaula (2). Elementos o medios de refuerzo (31) formados por vigas transversales (32) a las vigas longitudinales (16) del elemento de pasillo (28) son dispuestos en asociación a los medios de unión (29, 30), dispuestos en la parte central de dicho elemento de pasillo (28), de forma de dar mayor resistencia a las fuerzas de tensión que se producirán por el acoplamiento de a lo menos otro elemento de pasillo, en dichos medios de unión macho/hembra (29, 30) que comprende dicho elemento de pasillo (28). A corridor element with central male / female connection means (28) is illustrated in Figure 6f, wherein said corridor element (28) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which they are joined together by means of floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that can have a non-slip surface. This aisle element (28) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end possesses a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that they can be attached to other aisle elements, to form either the outer (7) or central aisles (8) of the cage structure (2). The configuration of the aisle element with central male / female connecting means (28), comprises in its central part of its longitudinal axis, at least one longitudinal edge of the aisle element, at least one female means or connecting element (29) and in its longitudinal edge opposite at least one male means or connecting element (30), such that to said joining means (29, 30), other elements can be joined in a transverse or perpendicular arrangement to said aisle element (28) of corridor, to form transverse, exterior (7), and / or central aisles (8) of the cage structure (2). Reinforcing elements or means (31) formed by transverse beams (32) to the longitudinal beams (16) of the aisle element (28) are arranged in association with the joining means (29, 30), arranged in the central part of said aisle element (28), so as to give greater resistance to the tension forces that will be produced by the coupling of at least one other aisle element, in said male / female connection means (29, 30) comprising said aisle element (28).
Las figuras 7a y 7b, muestran elementos de pasillos, que normalmente son utilizados en la conformación estructural del pasillo central (8) de la estructura de jaula (2), donde dichos elementos de pasillo central (33a, 33b), se encuentran configurados por una serie de vigas longitudinales (16) dispuestas en forma paralela y distanciadas entre sí, las cuales son unidas entre sí mediante elementos de pisos (17), los cuales se pueden apreciar en detalle en la figura N° 8, y los que pueden poseer una superficie antideslizante. Este elemento de pasillo (33a, 33b) comprende extremos opuestos (18), donde un extremo posee un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y en el extremo (18) opuesto un medio o elemento de unión hembra (20), de forma que pueden ser unidos a otros elementos de pasillos. La configuración particular de este tipo de elemento de pasillo central (33a, 33b), considera la disposición en al menos unos de sus extremos (18) medios de unión macho (34) y medios de unión hembra (35) dispuestos en los bordes laterales del elemento de pasillo, pero en al menos uno de los extremos del elemento de pasillo (33a, 33b), donde asociado a dicho elementos de unión laterales, el elemento de pasillo comprende elementos de refuerzo (26). Un elemento de pasillo (33c) es ilustrado en la figura 7c, el cual comprende extremos opuestos (18), donde un extremo posee un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y en el extremo (18) opuesto un medio o elemento de unión hembra (20), de forma que pueden ser unidos a otros elementos de pasillo. Figures 7a and 7b show corridor elements, which are normally used in the structural conformation of the central aisle (8) of the cage structure (2), where said central aisle elements (33a, 33b), are configured by a series of longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by means of floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that may have a non-slip surface. This aisle element (33a, 33b) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female means or connecting element (20), of form that can be attached to other aisle elements. The particular configuration of this type of central aisle element (33a, 33b), considers the arrangement in at least one of its ends (18) male joining means (34) and female joining means (35) arranged at the side edges of the aisle element, but at least one of the ends of the aisle element (33a, 33b), where associated with said lateral joining elements, the aisle element comprises reinforcing elements (26). A aisle element (33c) is illustrated in Figure 7c, which comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a means or connecting element female (20), so that they can be attached to other aisle elements.
La figura 7d, ilustra a modo de ejemplo, que los elementos de pasillos (33d) de los cuales está configurada la estructura de jaula (2) del sistema de cultivo para peces (1), puede ser fabricado en diferentes dimensiones, ya sean longitudinales así como en el ancho de dichos pasillos, para lo cual es necesario adicionar a la configuración de dichos pasillos vigas longitudinales (16) así como elementos de refuerzo (26, 31), para proporcionar la resistencia necesaria a dichos elementos de pasillos. Figure 7d, illustrates by way of example, that the aisle elements (33d) of which the cage structure (2) of the fish culture system (1) is configured, can be manufactured in different dimensions, whether longitudinal as well as in the width of said aisles, for which it is necessary to add to the configuration of said aisles longitudinal beams (16) as well as reinforcement elements (26, 31), to provide the necessary resistance to said aisle elements.
La configuración estructural, generalmente utilizada, para los diferentes elementos de pasillos (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d) que comprende la estructura de jaula (2), es ilustrada a través de las figuras 8 a 10, donde los elementos de pasillos comprenden vigas longitudinales (16) las cuales son unidas entre sí a través elementos de pisos (17) dispuestos en la cara superior (36) de las vigas (16) de forma que dichos elementos de pasillos queden dispuestos, una vez conformada la estructura de la jaula (2), sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua en la cual es dispuesto el sistema para cultivo de peces (1). Dichos elementos de pasillos pueden poseer una configuración de superficie de piso punzonada (37) de forma de lograr una superficie de pasillo antideslizante, o bien pueden poseer una configuración lisa, sin embargo se pueden adicionar elementos que permitan proporcionar una superficie de pasillo antideslizante. Las vigas (16) laterales o de borde de los elementos de pasillos pueden estar configuradas por vigas riostradas (38), tal como se ilustra en las figuras N° 9 y 10, de forma de dar mayor resistencia estructural a los elementos de pasillo, y donde las vigas longitudinales (16) centrales de los elementos de pasillos, pueden estar configurada como vigas simples o largueros (39), tal como se puede apreciar en detalle en la figura N° 10. La estructura de jaula (2) se encuentra dispuesta en parte por sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua en el cual será dispuesto el sistema para cultivo de peces (1), para lo cual la estructura de jaula (2) debe tener la condiciones de flotabilidad necesarias, lo cual se logra por la configuración de los elementos de pasillos, los cuales poseen al menos un flotador (40) dispuesto por debajo de la superficie o cara superior de las vigas longitudinales (16), unidos a la cara o superficie inferior (41) de dichas vigas (16), tal como es ilustrado en las figuras N° 9 y 10. De forma de mantener la flotabilidad de la estructura de la jaula (2), los elementos de pasillos comprenden una serie de flotadores (40) dispuestos y unidos a las vigas longitudinales (16), espaciados entre sí, de forma lograr mantener el piso del pasillo flotando por sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua. The structural configuration, generally used, for the different aisle elements (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d) comprising the cage structure (2), is illustrated through Figures 8 to 10, where the aisle elements comprise longitudinal beams (16) which are joined together through floor elements (17) arranged on the upper face (36) of the beams (16) so that said aisle elements are arranged, once formed the structure of the cage (2), on the surface of the body of water on which the fish culture system (1) is arranged. Said aisle elements may have a punched floor surface configuration (37) in order to achieve a non-slip corridor surface, or they may have a smooth configuration, however elements that allow providing a non-slip corridor surface can be added. The side or edge beams (16) of the aisle elements may be configured by braced beams (38), as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, so as to give greater structural strength to the aisle elements, and where the central longitudinal beams (16) of the aisle elements, can be configured as single beams or stringers (39), as can be seen in detail in Figure No. 10. The cage structure (2) is arranged partly above the surface of the body of water in which the fish culture system (1) will be arranged, for which the cage structure (2) must have the conditions of necessary buoyancy, which is achieved by the configuration of the aisle elements, which have at least one float (40) arranged below the surface or upper face of the longitudinal beams (16), attached to the face or lower surface (41) of said beams (16), as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10. In order to maintain the buoyancy of the cage structure (2), the aisle elements comprise a series of floats (40 ) arranged and attached to the longitudinal beams (16), spaced apart, in order to keep the floor of the corridor floating above the surface of the body of water.
Las figuras N° 11a a 1 1c, muestran diferentes configuración de unión de los flotadores a las vigas, así como también diferentes formas de flotadores, donde la forma de dichos flotadores (40), puede ser redonda, ovalada, cuadrada, rectangular, triangular, o bien cualquier tipo de forma. Los flotadores pueden estar unidos a las vigas a través de platinas (42), tal como es ilustra en forma particular en la figura N° 1 1b. Los flotadores pueden ser de forma cuadrada, lo cual se ilustra a modo de ejemplo en la figura N° 11c. Figures N ° 11a to 1 1c show different configuration of connection of the floats to the beams, as well as different forms of floats, where the shape of said floats (40) can be round, oval, square, rectangular, triangular , or any type of form. The floats may be attached to the beams through plates (42), as illustrated in particular in Figure No. 1b. The floats can be square in shape, which is illustrated by way of example in Figure No. 11c.
Para poder unir dos o más estructuras de jaulas (2) para formar un tren de estructuras de jaulas (2), para formar un sistema para cultivo de peces (1), tal como es ilustrado a modo ejemplo en las figuras N° 1 a 5, unos elementos de unión de estructuras de jaulas (43) son dispuestos entre las estructuras de jaulas (2), lo cual se pueden apreciar en forma ilustrativa en la figura N° 3, estos elementos de unión de jaulas (43), se encuentra formados por al menos una barra longitudinal (44) en cuyos extremos (45) comprenden al menos un medio o elemento de unión, tal como es ilustrado en las figuras 15 y 16, y donde dichos elementos de unión (43) comprende al menos una pieza de soporte (100), que permite soportar y unir una serie de barras (44) dispuestas adyacentes, paralelas y espaciadas entre sí, donde dicha pieza de soporte (100) posee al menos un orificio (96) que posee una diámetro mayor que el diámetro de la barra (44) de forma de generar un espacio u holgura (97) entre la barra (44) y la pieza de soporte (100) cuando una barra atraviesa o es insertada en el orificio (96), logrando con esta configuración mantener una grado de movimiento de la barra. Para formar un elemento de unión de estructuras de jaulas (43) una serie de elementos de soporte (100) son dispuesto a lo largo de una serie de barras (44) dispuestas en forma adyacentes, paralelas y espaciadas entre sí, tal como se aprecia en la figura 12, y donde dicha configuración de elemento de unión de estructuras de jaula, comprende además una estructura de soporte (99) que permiten fijar elementos de pisos (17) sobre ésta. Los elementos de soporte ( 00) además pueden comprender a lo menos una cáncamo (21) para la unión de líneas de fondeo (12), así como los cabos o cuerdas de los entramados (11 , 13, 14). In order to join two or more cage structures (2) to form a train of cage structures (2), to form a fish culture system (1), as illustrated by way of example in Figures No. 1 to 5, connecting elements of cage structures (43) are arranged between the cage structures (2), which can be seen illustratively in Figure N ° 3, these cage joining elements (43), are It is formed by at least one longitudinal bar (44) at whose ends (45) they comprise at least one means or connecting element, as illustrated in Figures 15 and 16, and where said joining elements (43) comprise at least a support piece (100), which allows supporting and joining a series of bars (44) arranged adjacent, parallel and spaced apart, where said support piece (100) has at least one hole (96) having a diameter greater than the diameter of the bar (44) in order to generate a gap or clearance (97) between the bar (44) and the support piece (100) when a bar crosses or is inserted in the hole (96), achieving with this configuration to maintain a degree of movement of the bar. To form a connecting element of cage structures (43) a series of support elements (100) are arranged along a series of bars (44) arranged adjacently, parallel and spaced apart, as can be seen in figure 12, and wherein said cage structure joint element configuration further comprises a support structure (99) that allows fixing floor elements (17) on it. The support elements (00) can also comprise at least one eye bolt (21) for joining anchor lines (12), as well as the ropes or ropes of the frames (11, 13, 14).
Mediante estos elementos de unión de estructuras de jaulas (43), se logra configurar un sistema para cultivo de peces (1) conformado por a lo menos dos estructuras de jaulas (2) dispuestas contiguas y adyacentes entre sí, manteniendo una distancia (6) considerable entre ambas estructuras de jaulas (2) permitiendo mantener la rigidez y flexibilidad necesaria de todo el sistema para cultivo de peces (1), con la suficiente holgura entre jaulas, de forma de lograr una óptima circulación del agua entre éstas. By means of these joining elements of cage structures (43), it is possible to configure a system for fish culture (1) consisting of at least two cage structures (2) arranged adjacent and adjacent to each other, maintaining a distance (6) considerable between both cage structures (2) allowing to maintain the necessary rigidity and flexibility of the entire fish culture system (1), with sufficient clearance between cages, in order to achieve optimum water circulation between them.
Un flotador esquinero (47) de unión de pasillos, se puede apreciar en la figura 13, posee una forma cuadrada, sin embargo no exclusivamente debe ser de esa forma, ya que puede poseer otra forma, tal como redonda, rectangular, ovalada, etc. El flotador esquinero se encuentra conformado por un flotador (48) que posee una superficie superior (49) la cual coincide con el plano superior de la superficie superior de los elementos de pasillo de la estructura de jaula (2), de forma que dicha superficie superior es parte de la superficie de los pasillos de la estructura de jaula (2). Este flotador esquinero comprende medios o elementos de unión macho (50) en al menos uno de sus bordes laterales y medios de unión hembra (51) en al menos uno de sus bordes, de forma que puedan ser unidos los elementos de pasillos, formando el flotador esquinero, la esquina de una unión entre los pasillos de la estructura de jaula (2), tal que es ilustrado en la Figura 3, puede ser configurada mediante la utilización de dicho flotador esquinero (47) en una modalidad de configuración de la estructura de jaula (2) del sistema de cultivo para peces (1) de la presente invención. A corner float (47) connecting the corridors, can be seen in Figure 13, has a square shape, however it should not be that way, since it can have another shape, such as round, rectangular, oval, etc. . The corner float is formed by a float (48) that has an upper surface (49) which coincides with the upper plane of the upper surface of the aisle elements of the cage structure (2), so that said surface upper is part of the surface of the corridors of the cage structure (2). This corner float comprises means or male connecting elements (50) on at least one of its lateral edges and female joining means (51) on at least one of its edges, so that the aisle elements, the corner float forming, the corner of a junction between the aisles of the cage structure (2), as illustrated in Figure 3, can be configured by using said corner float (47) in a configuration modality of the cage structure (2) of the fish culture system (1) of the present invention.
Los medios o elementos de unión, que comprenden los elementos de pasillo, así como como el flotador esquinero, pueden ser parte integrante de dichos elementos, o bien pueden ser configurados como elementos formados individualmente, como los ilustrados en la figura 14, donde un medio o elemento de unión macho (52) comprende una platina base (53) que posee al menos un orificio para fijación, de forma que pueda ser fijada a los elementos estructurales que forman la estructura de jaula (2), donde desde dicha platina sobresalen en forme perpendicular pestañas (54) que poseen orificios pasantes. Un medio o elemento de unión hembra (55) se encuentra configurado por una platina base (56) que posee al menos un orificio para fijación, de forma que pueda ser fijada a los elementos estructurales que forman parte de la estructura de jaula (2), donde desde dicha platina sobresalen en forma perpendicular un par de pestañas (57) separadas entre sí, que poseen orificios pasantes. Con esta configuración de medios o elementos de unión, la pestaña (54) del medio de unión macho (53) es introducida en el espacio que queda entre el par de pestañas separadas (57) del elemento o medio unión hembra (55), de forma que a través de los orificios pasantes, es dispuesto y pasado un perno o pasador que permitan unir ambos medios de unión macho y hembra (52, 55). The joining means or elements, comprising the aisle elements, as well as the corner float, can be an integral part of said elements, or they can be configured as individually formed elements, such as those illustrated in Figure 14, where a means or male connecting element (52) comprises a base plate (53) that has at least one hole for fixing, so that it can be fixed to the structural elements that form the cage structure (2), where from said plate stand out in form perpendicular tabs (54) that have through holes. A female connection means or element (55) is configured by a base plate (56) that has at least one hole for fixing, so that it can be fixed to the structural elements that are part of the cage structure (2) , where a pair of tabs (57) separated from each other protrude from said stage, having through holes. With this configuration of joining means or elements, the flange (54) of the male joining means (53) is introduced into the space between the pair of separate tabs (57) of the female connecting element or means (55), of so that through the through holes, a bolt or pin that allows both male and female joining means (52, 55) is arranged and passed.
Haciendo referencia a las figuras 15a a 15d y 16, un medio o elemento de unión macho (19) y hembra (20), que comprenden los elementos que forman parte de la estructura de la jaula (2), son ilustrados en detalle, donde dicho elemento o medio de unión (19, 20) se encuentran configurados como un elemento que es parte integrante de los diferentes elementos que comprende la estructura de jaula (2), para ser unidos entre sí, para formar dicha estructura de jaula, o bien puede ser fabricado como un elemento individual, que es fijado a la estructura de jaula (2), a través de medios de fijación, tal como pernos, tornillos, pasadores, soldadura, entre otros, para formar parte de los diferentes elementos de la estructura de jaula (2) que deben ser unidos entre sí o bien sean fijados elementos del sistema para cultivo de peces (1) a la estructura de jaula (2) mediante la utilización de dichos medios o elementos de unión (19, 20). El elemento o medio de unión macho (19) comprende una base (58), que puede ser formada por una platina, sobre la cual es fijada al menos una pestaña (59) que sobresale desde dicha base en forma perpendicular. La pestaña puede ser formada por una platina, donde dicha pestaña (59) comprende un orificio pasante (60) el cual puede comprender al menos un buje (61) que rodea el orificio interior, el cual puede de ser fabricado de forma sólida o bien elástica, tal como de acero, fierro, acero inoxidable, plástico, caucho, goma, entre otros elemento, o bien una combinación de los mismos. El elemento o medio de unión hembra (20) comprende una base (62) que puede ser formada por al menos una platina, sobre la cual es fijada al menos un par de pestañas (63) que se encuentran separadas entre sí, a una distancia que coincide con el ancho de la pestaña (59) del medio o elemento de unión macho (19) para ser dispuesto entre dicho par de pestañas (63), donde dicho par de pestañas (63) sobresalen desde dicha base en forma perpendicular. El par de pestañas puede ser formada por una platina, donde dicho par de pestañas (63) comprende un orificio pasante (64) el cual puede comprender al menos un buje (65) que rodea el orificio interior pasante (64), el que puede ser fabricado de forma sólida o bien elástica, como de acero, fierro, acero inoxidable, plástico, caucho, goma, entre otros materiales, o una combinación de los mismos. Referring to Figures 15a to 15d and 16, a male (19) and female (20) means or joining element, comprising the elements that are part of the cage structure (2), are illustrated in detail, where said connecting element or means (19, 20) are configured as an element that is an integral part of the different elements comprising the cage structure (2), to be joined together, to form said cage structure, or may be manufactured as an individual element, which is fixed to the cage structure (2), through fixing means, such as bolts, screws, pins, welding, among others, to be part of the different elements of the structure of cage (2) that must be attached to each other or elements of the fish culture system (1) are attached to the cage structure (2) by using said means or joining elements (19, 20). The male connecting element or means (19) comprises a base (58), which can be formed by a stage, on which at least one flange (59) is fixed that protrudes from said base perpendicularly. The flange can be formed by a stage, where said flange (59) comprises a through hole (60) which can comprise at least one bushing (61) that surrounds the inner hole, which can be manufactured solidly or elastic, such as steel, iron, stainless steel, plastic, rubber, rubber, among other elements, or a combination thereof. The female connecting element or means (20) comprises a base (62) that can be formed by at least one stage, on which at least one pair of tabs (63) that are separated from each other are fixed, at a distance which coincides with the width of the flange (59) of the means or male connecting element (19) to be arranged between said pair of tabs (63), wherein said pair of tabs (63) protrude from said base in a perpendicular manner. The pair of tabs can be formed by a stage, where said pair of tabs (63) comprises a through hole (64) which can comprise at least one bushing (65) that surrounds the through inner hole (64), which can be made of solid or elastic form, such as steel, iron, stainless steel, plastic, rubber, rubber, among other materials, or a combination thereof.
Con esta configuración de medios o elementos de unión macho y hembra (19, 20), permite realizar la unión entre los elementos de las estructura de jaula (2) entre sí, permitiendo así mantener una grado de flexibilidad entre dichos elementos unidos, así como también una resistencia de la estructura de jaula (2). La forma de unión entre dichos elementos o medios de unión macho y hembra, se realiza introduciendo la pestaña (59) del elemento de unión macho (19) entre el espacio libre que queda entre el par de pestañas (63) del elemento de unión hembra (20), son alineados los orificios pasantes (60, 64) de forma de pasar un perno (66) a través de dichos orificios pasantes (60, 64), y donde dicho perno es asegurado mediante la fijación de una tuerca roscada (67) que es fijada en un extremo hilado de dicho perno (66), de esta forma es realizado el acoplamiento entre ambos elemento o medios de unión, los cuales están dispuestos o fijados en los diferentes elemento que comprende la estructura de jaula (2). Esta configuración de unión entre elementos permite mantener un movimiento relativo entre los elementos unidos entre sí, de forma de mantener un grado de flexibilidad, elasticidad y rigidez. With this configuration of male and female means or elements of connection (19, 20), it allows the connection between the elements of the cage structure (2) to each other, thus allowing to maintain a degree of flexibility between said joined elements, as well also a resistance of the cage structure (2). The way of joining between said male and female connecting elements or means is carried out by inserting the flange (59) of the male connecting element (19) between the clearance between the pair of flanges (63) of the female connecting element (20), the through holes (60, 64) are aligned so as to pass a bolt (66) through said through holes (60, 64 ), and where said bolt is secured by fixing a threaded nut (67) that is fixed on a spun end of said bolt (66), in this way the coupling between both connecting element or means is made, which are arranged or fixed in the different element comprising the cage structure (2). This joint configuration between elements allows to maintain a relative movement between the elements joined together, in order to maintain a degree of flexibility, elasticity and stiffness.
En una forma de realización preferente de la invención, tal como es ilustrado en la figura 16, el elemento o medio de unión macho (19) se encuentra configurado por una base (58), que puede ser formada por una platina, sobre la cual es fijada al menos una pestaña (68) que sobresale desde dicha base en forma perpendicular. La pestaña puede ser formada por una platina, donde dicha pestaña (68) comprende una cavidad (69) que comprende un orificio pasante (70). La cavidad (69) de la pestaña (68) posee una forma tal que puede alojar un elemento esférico o redondo, tal como una rotula (71) en su interior, que posee un orificio central pasante (72). La rotula (71) es dispuesta en la cavidad (69) de la pestaña (68) de forma tal que los orificios pasantes (70, 72), de la cavidad y de la rótula queden alineados, y la rótula (71) es fijada en su interior mediante una tapa roscada (73) con hilo exterior, que es atornilla en un extremo hilado interiormente (74) de la cavidad (69) de la pestaña (68), manteniendo de esta forma la rótula (71) siendo parte integrante dentro de la pestaña (68) del elemento de unión macho (19). Con el ensamblaje de la rótula (71) dentro de la pestaña (68) del elemento o medio de unión macho (19) permite proporcionar un medio de unión que permite todo tipo de movimientos, pero sin que exista un desplazamiento en dicho movimiento. La forma de unión entre dichos elementos o medios de unión macho y hembra (19, 20), para la forma de realización ilustrada en la figura N° 16, es realizada introduciendo la pestaña (68) del elemento de unión macho (19) entre el espacio libre que queda entre el par de pestañas (63) del elemento de unión hembra (20), son alineados los orificios pasantes de la pestaña (68), que posee la rótula (71) incorporada y con sus orificios pasantes (70, 72) ya alineados, con el orificio pasante (64) de forma tal que el orificio pasante (72) de la rótula queda alineado con el orificio pasante (64) del par de pestañas (63) del elemento de unión hembra (19) de forma de pasar un perno (66) a través de dichos orificios pasantes (64, 72), y donde dicho perno es asegurado mediante la fijación de una tuerca roscada (67) que es fijada en un extremo hilado de dicho perno (66), de esta forma es realizado el acoplamiento entre ambos elementos o medios de unión, los cuales están dispuestos o fijados en los diferentes elemento que comprende la estructura de jaula (2). Esta configuración de unión entre elementos, permite mantener un movimiento relativo entre los elementos unidos entre sí, de forma de mantener una grado de flexibilidad, elasticidad y rigidez, y donde mediante la disposición de dicha rotula (71) se logra un movimiento en todas las direcciones posibles, sin que se produzca un desplazamiento en el movimiento de la unión, con lo cual se evitan los esfuerzo, que puedan dañar la unión entre dichos elementos o medios de unión macho (19) y hembra (20), y proporcionando entre los elementos de la estructura de jaula (2) un punto de unión que permite otorgar un movimiento de la estructura pero sin desplazamiento. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in Figure 16, the male attachment element (19) is configured by a base (58), which can be formed by a stage, on which at least one flange (68) protruding from said base perpendicularly is fixed. The flange can be formed by a stage, where said flange (68) comprises a cavity (69) comprising a through hole (70). The cavity (69) of the flange (68) has a shape that can accommodate a spherical or round element, such as a ball (71) inside, which has a through central hole (72). The label (71) is arranged in the cavity (69) of the flange (68) in such a way that the through holes (70, 72), of the cavity and of the ball joint are aligned, and the ball joint (71) is fixed inside by means of a threaded cover (73) with external thread, which is screwed into an internally spun end (74) of the cavity (69) of the flange (68), thus maintaining the ball joint (71) being an integral part inside the flange (68) of the male connecting element (19). With the assembly of the ball joint (71) inside the flange (68) of the male connecting element or means (19), it allows to provide a joining means that allows all kinds of movements, but without there being a displacement in said movement. The way of joining between said male and female connecting elements or means (19, 20), for the embodiment illustrated in Figure No. 16, is carried out by inserting the flange (68) of the male connecting element (19) between the free space remaining between the pair of tabs (63) of the female connecting element (20), the through holes of the flange (68), which has the ball joint (71) incorporated and with its through holes (70, are aligned) 72) already aligned, with the through hole (64) such that the through hole (72) of the kneecap is aligned with the through hole (64) of the pair of tabs (63) of the female connecting element (19) of way of passing a bolt (66) through said through holes (64, 72), and where said bolt is secured by fixing a threaded nut (67) which is fixed at a spun end of said bolt (66), in this way the coupling between both elements or joining means is made, which are arranged or fi jados in the different element that includes the cage structure (2). This configuration of union between elements, allows to maintain a relative movement between the elements joined together, in order to maintain a degree of flexibility, elasticity and rigidity, and where by means of the arrangement of said label (71) a movement is achieved in all possible directions, without a shift in the movement of the joint, which avoids the stresses, which can damage the joint between said male (19) and female (20) male elements or means, and providing between Elements of the cage structure (2) a point of attachment that allows to grant a movement of the structure but without displacement.
La configuración de las estructuras de jaulas (2) se puede apreciar en las figuras 18a y 18b, en donde son ilustradas dos modalidades de configuración, de las múltiples configuración de estructuras de jaulas (2) que se pueden realizar, por la unión de los diferentes elementos de pasillos (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d), que se pueden unir entre sí, permitiendo conformar, estructuras de jaulas que posee un agrado de flexibilidad suficiente para permitir un movimiento relativo entre sus elementos unidos, de forma de poder mantener siempre la forma, volumen y área de cultivo para los peces, y a la vez otorgan la robustez y rigidez suficiente para evitar que las condiciones climáticas adversas, así como oleajes y corrientes marinas, influyan sobre el área y volumen de cultivo para peces, de forma de evitar un colapso del sistema de cultivo, tal como se puede apreciar a modo de ejemplo en la figura 19, donde se aprecia un sistema de cultivo tradicionalmente utilizado en la técnica, donde por acción de corrientes marinas, oleajes y condiciones climáticas adversas, produce que la red pecera (3, 3') y la red lobera (4, 4') se desplacen tanto hacia un costado como hacia arriba, producto de que el sistema de fondeo (5, 5') colapsa cortándose las líneas de fondeo, al no lograr que las fuerzas de tensión sean óptimamente distribuidas, disminuyendo así el área y volumen de cultivo de peces produciendo un estrés de los peces y aumentando la mortalidad de los mismos, lo cual se aprecia a través de las líneas punteadas en la figura 19, al verse sometido a una menor área de cultivo, y donde además el sistema de cultivo puede colapsar yéndose a la deriva, si aumentan las condiciones de corriente, oleaje y condiciones climáticas adversas, al no lograr mantenerse en el lugar el sistema de cultivo. La configuración de este sistema de cultivo (1) permite evitar los problemas de la técnica, ya que por la configuración de la estructura de jaula (2), en donde posee un pasillo central robusto, a modo de elemento estructural de soporte, por la configuración de los entramados superior, laterales e inferior (11 , 13, 14), así como la configuración del sistema de fondeoThe configuration of the cage structures (2) can be seen in Figures 18a and 18b, where two configuration modalities are illustrated, of the multiple configuration of cage structures (2) that can be performed, by joining the different aisle elements (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d), which can be joined together, allowing the formation of cage structures that have enough flexibility to allow relative movement between their joined elements, in order to always maintain the shape, volume and cultivation area for the fish, and at the same time provide robustness and rigidity sufficient to prevent adverse climatic conditions, as well as waves and sea currents, influence the area and volume of fish culture, in order to avoid a collapse of the culture system, as can be seen as an example in Figure 19, where a culture system traditionally used in the art is appreciated, where by action of sea currents, waves and adverse climatic conditions, it produces that the fish tank (3, 3 ' ) and the wolf network (4, 4 ' ) move both towards the side as upwards, as a result of the anchoring system (5, 5 ' ) collapsing, cutting the anchoring lines, as it does not allow tension forces to be optimally distributed, thus reducing the area and volume of fish culture producing a stress of the fish and increasing the mortality of the same, which can be seen through the dotted lines in figure 19, being subjected to a smaller area of cultivation, and where also the culture system It can collapse by drifting, if current conditions, waves and adverse weather conditions increase, as the cultivation system fails to remain in place. The configuration of this cultivation system (1) allows to avoid the problems of the technique, since by the configuration of the cage structure (2), where it has a robust central aisle, as a structural support element, by the configuration of the upper, lateral and lower frameworks (11, 13, 14), as well as the anchoring system configuration
(5) , en sus diferentes modalidades, permiten mantener repartidas las fuerzas de tensión en forma óptima, evitando así que el sistema de cultivo para peces (1) colapse, tal como se puede apreciar en la figura 19, manteniendo el área y volumen de cultivo para los peces, lo que se traduce en una mejor circulación de agua, mayor espacio, por lo cual en un mejor ambiente, lo cual influye directamente en la mejor sanidad, menor mortalidad y mayor rendimiento de producción. La configuración de sistema de cultivo (1) de la presente invención, permite unir una serie de sistemas de cultivos adyacentes, manteniendo dichas condiciones individuales que se logran con la configuración de éste, y donde además se logra mantener una flujo de circulación de agua óptimo entre los sistema de cultivo adyacentes, al permitir mantenerlos separados a una distancia(5), in its different modalities, allow the tension forces to be distributed optimally, thus preventing the fish culture system (1) from collapsing, as can be seen in Figure 19, maintaining the area and volume of fish culture, which translates into better water circulation, more space, so in a better environment, which directly influences better health, lower mortality and higher production yield. The configuration of the culture system (1) of the present invention allows joining a series of adjacent crop systems, maintaining said individual conditions that are achieved with its configuration, and where it is also possible to maintain an optimum water circulation flow between adjacent cultivation systems, by allowing them to be separated at a distance
(6) mucho mayor que los sistemas de cultivo utilizados en la actualidad. Tal como se aprecia en la figura 20 y 21 un elemento para recolección de desechos (88), que caen del sistema de cultivo (1), ya sea por alimento que no es consumido por lo peces, así como la feca de los peces cultivados en dicha área de cultivo definida por cada sistema de cultivo para peces (1) de la invención, es dispuesto por sobre el reticulado inferior (14), el cual permite otorgar un elemento de soporte a dicho elemento de recolección de desechos (88), y permitiendo que por la configuración del entramado inferior (14), que es parte del sistema de fondeo, mantenerlo fijo y rígido en su posición, siendo así fácilmente de implementar, disponer y mantener en su posición. Este elemento para recolección de desechos (88) puede ser un plástico, un tejido de alta densidad, una lona, un elemento de polipropileno, que permita ser permeable o semi-permeable. (6) much larger than the cultivation systems used today. As can be seen in Figure 20 and 21, an element for waste collection (88), which falls from the culture system (1), either for food that is not consumed by fish, as well as the feca of farmed fish in said culture area defined by each fish culture system (1) of the invention, it is arranged above the lower cross-link (14), which allows a support element to be provided to said waste collection element (88), and allowing for the configuration of the lower framework (14), which is part of the anchoring system, to keep it fixed and rigid in its position, thus being easily implemented, arranged and maintained in position. This waste collection element (88) can be a plastic, a high density fabric, a canvas, a polypropylene element, which allows it to be permeable or semi-permeable.
Una de las grandes diferencias de la presente invención, con respecto a los actuales centros de cultivos, es que se forma un volumen tridimensional que se encuentra circundando completa e individualmente cada jaula de cultivo, por el total de las caras exteriores. Este volumen externo está sustentado en su parte superior por la flotación, en su parte inferior por el hundimiento a través de contrapesos, y sus cuatro paredes externas a través de la tensión de las líneas de fondeo, manteniendo estable y flexible, el volumen interno de cultivo. Todas estas caras unidas a las líneas de fondeo, a través de varias líneas secundarias que descomponen de forma óptima las fuerzas de olas, corrientes y viento, que actúan sobre el centro de cultivo, manteniendo este su forma volumétrica sin grandes deformaciones. Esto le da a la presente invención la posibilidad de ser instalado en condiciones ambientales más extremas que los actuales sistemas de cultivos. One of the great differences of the present invention, with respect to the current crop centers, is that a three-dimensional volume is formed that is completely and individually circling each culture cage, for the total of the outer faces. This external volume is supported in its upper part by flotation, in its lower part by sinking through counterweights, and its four external walls through the tension of the anchoring lines, keeping the internal volume of culture. All these faces linked to the anchoring lines, through several secondary lines that optimally break down the forces of waves, currents and wind, which act on the cultivation center, maintaining its volumetric shape without major deformations. This gives the present invention the possibility of being installed in more extreme environmental conditions than the current crop systems.
Si bien la forma de las anclas aquí descritas constituyen una inclusión preferida de esta invención, se debe entender que la invención no se limita a esta forma precisa de - y que se pueden hacer cambios en ella sin apartarse del alcance de la invención, que se definen en las reivindicaciones adjuntas. While the shape of the anchors described herein constitutes a preferred inclusion of this invention, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise form of - and that changes can be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. - Un sistema para el cultivo de peces, utilizado en la acuicultura, que comprende a lo menos una estructura de jaula, a lo menos una red pecera que pende desde la estructura de jaula para formar a lo menos un volumen y área de cultivo dentro de un cuerpo de agua, a lo menos un sistema de fondeo, y a lo menos un entramado de cabos o cuerdas que circunda toda la periferia de las redes, así como la superficie superior del sistema para cultivo de peces CARACTERIZADO porque la estructura de jaula se encuentra formada por a lo menos una serie de elementos de pasillo (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d) unidos entre sí mediante a lo menos un elemento o medio unión macho (19) y hembra (20) dispuestos en dicho a lo menos un elemento de pasillo, para conformar a lo menos un pasillo exterior (7) que forma el perímetro de la a lo menos una estructura de jaula (2) y a lo menos un pasillo central (8) robusto que da el soporte estructural al sistema de cultivo (1), donde el a lo menos un entramado de cabos comprende a lo menos un entramado de cuerdas superior, laterales e inferior (11 , 13, 14) unido a dicho a lo menos un sistema de fondeo (5), a lo menos una estructura de la jaula (2) y a lo menos una red pecera, donde el sistema de fondeo comprende a lo menos una línea de fondeo y a lo menos una línea de amortiguación.  1. - A system for the cultivation of fish, used in aquaculture, comprising at least one cage structure, at least one fish tank that hangs from the cage structure to form at least one volume and cultivation area within a body of water, at least one anchoring system, and at least one network of ropes or ropes that surrounds the entire periphery of the nets, as well as the upper surface of the fish farming system CHARACTERIZED because the cage structure it is formed by at least a series of aisle elements (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d) joined together by at least one male or female (19) and female (20) arranged element or means in said at least one aisle element, to form at least one outer aisle (7) that forms the perimeter of the at least one cage structure (2) and at least one robust central aisle (8) that gives the structural support to the cultivation system (1), where the at least one network of The ends comprise at least one network of upper, lateral and lower ropes (11, 13, 14) attached to said at least one anchoring system (5), at least one cage structure (2) and at least a fish tank network, where the funding system comprises at least one funding line and at least one buffer line.
2. - Un sistema para el cultivo de peces, que es utilizado en la acuicultura, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 CARACTERIZADO porque comprende además a lo menos una red protectora contra depredadores naturales, tal como una red lobera (4), que circunda la a lo menos una red pecera (3) por su exterior. 2. - A system for the cultivation of fish, which is used in aquaculture, according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises at least one protective net against natural predators, such as a wolf net (4), which surrounds the at least one fish tank network (3) on the outside.
3. - Un sistema para el cultivo de peces, que es utilizado en la acuicultura, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende al menos un elemento de unión de estructuras de jaulas (43), que es dispuesto entre al menos dos estructuras de jaulas adyacentes entre sí de al menos un sistema de cultivo. 3. - A system for the cultivation of fish, which is used in aquaculture, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises at least one connecting element of cage structures (43), which is arranged between at least two structures of cages adjacent to each other of at least one culture system.
4. - Un sistema para el cultivo de peces, que es utilizado en la acuicultura, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende un elemento para recolección de desechos (88), dispuesto por sobre el al menos un entramado inferior (14). 4. - A system for the cultivation of fish, which is used in aquaculture, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because in addition it comprises an element for waste collection (88), arranged above the at least one lower framework (14).
5. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, CARACTERIZADO porque comprende a lo menos un entramado de cuerdas superiores (11), que pasan por la parte superior del área definida por una a lo menos una estructura de jaula para peces, a lo menos un entramado lateral de cuerdas (13), que circundan el perímetro exterior de a lo menos una red pecera y/o a lo menos una red lobera, y a lo menos un entramado de cuerdas inferior (14) que circundan el fondo de la a lo menos una red pecera y/o red lobera, donde todos los entramados se encuentran unidos a lo menos a una línea de fondeo y/o a lo menos a una línea de amortiguación. 5. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises at least one network of upper ropes (11), which pass through the upper part of the area defined by one of at least one fish cage structure, at least one lateral network of ropes (13), which surround the outer perimeter of at least one fish net and / or at least one wolf net, and at least one lower network of ropes (14) that surround the bottom of the at least one fish tank and / or wolf net, where all the frames are connected to at least one funding line and / or at least one buffer line.
6. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 5 CARACTERIZADO porque los entramados laterales, superior e inferior de cuerdas (11 , 13, 14) comprenden a lo menos un elemento tensor (90, 93) unido a lo menos a la línea de fondeo mediante a lo menos una pieza de distribución (84) que comprende los entramados. 6. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to claim 5 CHARACTERIZED in that the lateral, upper and lower strings of ropes (11, 13, 14) comprise at least one element tensioner (90, 93) attached at least to the anchoring line by means of at least one distribution piece (84) comprising the frames.
7. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 1 a 6 CARACTERIZADO porque los entramados laterales comprenden y son formado por una serie de cuerdas o cabos unidos mediante piezas de distribución para formar un reticulado de cabos o cuerdas. 7. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to claims 1 to 6 CHARACTERIZED because the lateral frames comprise and are formed by a series of ropes or ropes joined by means of distribution pieces for form a reticulate of ropes or ropes.
8. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque la línea de fondeo comprende al menos un flotador (92) que posee un cuerpo que flota parcialmente sobre la superficie del cuerpo de agua (82), donde desde dicha boya sale al menos una línea, cuerda o cabo de fondeo (91) unida por al menos un extremo a la al menos una boya (92) y por el otro extremo a al menos una pieza de distribución de líneas (89) del cual pende al menos un contrapeso (85). 8. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because the anchoring line comprises at least one float (92) that has a body that partially floats on the surface from the body of water (82), where from said buoy there is at least one line, rope or anchoring line (91) joined by at least one end to the at least one buoy (92) and at the other end to at least one line distribution part (89) from which at least one counterweight (85) hangs.
9. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque la línea de fondeo comprende al menos un elemento de anclaje, tal como un peso muerto y/o un ancla fondea en el fondo marino. 9. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because the anchoring line comprises at least one anchoring element, such as a dead weight and / or an anchor anchor at the sea floor.
10. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque la línea de amortiguación comprende al menos un cabo o línea de fondeo (75), que sale para alejarse desde al menos una pieza de distribución de al menos un entramado lateral (13), al menos un contrapeso (85) unido a la al menos una pieza de distribución (84), al menos un anillo (86) y al menos una cuerda o línea (87) amarrada o unida por un extremo a al menos un anillo (86) y por su extremo opuesto es unida o fijada a al menos una pieza de distribución de líneas (89). 10. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because the damping line comprises at least one end or anchoring line (75), which leaves to move away from at least one distribution part of at least one lateral framework (13), at least one counterweight (85) attached to the at least one distribution part (84), at least one ring (86) and at least one rope or line (87) moored or joined by one end to at least one ring (86) and at its opposite end is attached or fixed to at least one line distribution part (89).
11. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque comprende además al menos una línea tensora intermedia (94) adicional, la cual es unida por un extremo a la al menos una pieza de distribución de líneas (89), y donde el extremo opuesto es unido o fijado, ya sea a través de al menos una ramificación (95) de dicha al menos una línea (94) a la al menos una pieza de distribución (84), que forman el al menos un entramado lateral (13). 11. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises at least one additional intermediate tensioning line (94), which is joined at one end to the at least one line distribution piece (89), and where the opposite end is attached or fixed, either through at least one branch (95) of said at least one line (94) to at least one piece of distribution (84), which form the at least one lateral framework (13).
12. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque comprende al menos una línea tensora de amortiguación intermedia (75', 87') adicional, la cual es unida por un extremo de al menos una cuerda intermedia (87') a la al menos una pieza de distribución de líneas (89), y donde el extremo opuesto es unido o fijado a al menos un anillo (86), donde desde dicho anillo sale al menos una línea intermedia (75'), unida a través de un extremo a dicho anillo, y unida a las piezas de distribución de los cabos o líneas (84) del al menos un entramado lateral, a través de al menos una ramificación (95) de dicha línea (75'). 12. - An anchoring system to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because it comprises at least one additional intermediate damping tensioning line (75 ' , 87 ' ), which is joined by one end of at least one intermediate rope (87 ') to the at least one line distribution part (89), and where the opposite end is attached or fixed to at least one ring (86), where from said ring it comes out at least one intermediate line (75 ' ), connected through one end to said ring, and connected to the distribution pieces of the ends or lines (84) of the at least one lateral framework, through at least one branch ( 95) of said line (75 ' ).
13. - Un sistema de fondeo para ser utilizado en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque la al menos una línea de fondeo comprende al menos una línea, cabo o cuerda de fondeo (77) que es unida a al menos una pieza o plato de distribución (80), uniendo un extremo mediante al menos un grillete (81) al plato de distribución (80) y el otro extremo a al menos una cadena que se encuentra unida a al menos otro boya (79), al menos una segunda línea de fondeo (76) es unida a través de un primer extremo a un extremo de la al menos una cadena de la boya (79) y el extremo opuesto, de dicha al menos segunda línea de fondeo (76), es unido a una al menos una pieza de distribución de líneas de fondeo (89). 13. - An anchoring system for use in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because the at least one anchoring line comprises at least one anchoring line, rope or rope (77) that it is attached to at least one piece or distribution plate (80), joining one end by means of at least one shackle (81) to the distribution plate (80) and the other end to at least one chain that is attached to at least one other buoy (79), at least a second anchor line (76) is joined through a first end to an end of the at least one chain of the buoy (79) and the opposite end, of said at least second line of anchoring (76), is attached to at least one piece of distribution of anchoring lines (89).
14. - Un elemento de pasillo para formar al menos un pasillo de al menos una estructura de jaula para ser utilizada en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces CARACTERIZADO porque comprende al menos una viga longitudinal (16), al menos un elementos de piso (17), y al menos un extremo de unión (18) configurados con al menos un medio o elementos de unión macho (19) y/o hembra (20). 14. - A corridor element to form at least one corridor of at least one cage structure to be used in at least one CHARACTERIZED fish culture system because it comprises at least one longitudinal beam (16), at least one floor elements (17), and at least one connecting end (18) configured with at least one male (19) and / or female connecting means (19).
15. - Un elemento de pasillo para formar al menos un pasillo de al menos una estructura de jaula para ser utilizada en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 14 CARACTERIZADO porque el al menos un elemento de piso (17) comprende una superficie antideslizante. 15. - A corridor element to form at least one corridor of at least one cage structure to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to claim 14 CHARACTERIZED because the at least one floor element (17 ) comprises a non-slip surface.
16. - Un elemento de pasillo para formar al menos un pasillo de al menos una estructura de jaula para ser utilizada en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque el al menos un elemento de pasillo comprende al menos un cáncamos (21). 16. - A corridor element to form at least one corridor of at least one cage structure to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because the at least one corridor element comprises the minus one eyebolt (21).
17. - Un elemento de pasillo para formar al menos un pasillo de al menos una estructura de jaula para ser utilizada en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 14 a 16 CARACTERIZADO porque el al menos un elemento de pasillo comprende al menos un medio de refuerzo (26). 17. - A corridor element to form at least one corridor of at least one cage structure to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to claims 14 to 16 CHARACTERIZED because the at least one corridor element It comprises at least one reinforcing means (26).
18. - Un elemento de pasillo para formar al menos un pasillo de al menos una estructura de jaula para ser utilizada en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque la al menos una viga (16) está configurada como una vigas riostradas (38) y/o como vigas simples o largueros (39). 18. - A corridor element to form at least one corridor of at least one cage structure to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because the at least one beam (16) is configured as a braced beams (38) and / or as single beams or stringers (39).
19. - Un elemento de pasillo para formar al menos un pasillo de al menos una estructura de jaula para ser utilizada en al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque el al menos un elementos de pasillo comprende al menos un flotador (40). 19. - A corridor element to form at least one corridor of at least one cage structure to be used in at least one fish culture system, according to the preceding claims CHARACTERIZED because the at least one corridor elements comprises the minus a float (40).
20. - Un elemento de unión de estructuras de jaulas adyacentes de al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces CARACTERIZADO porque comprende al menos una barra longitudinal (44) en cuyos extremos (45) comprende al menos un medio o elemento de unión, al menos una pieza de soporte (100), donde dicha pieza de soporte (100) posee al menos un orificio (96) que posee una diámetro mayor que el diámetro de la al menos una barra (44) de forma de generar al menos un espacio u holgura (97) entre la al menos una barra (44) y la al menos una pieza de soporte (100) cuando una barra atraviesa o es insertada en el orificio (96). 20. - An attachment element of adjacent cage structures of at least one CHARACTERIZED fish culture system because it comprises at least one longitudinal rod (44) at whose ends (45) it comprises at least one joining means or element, at least a support piece (100), wherein said support piece (100) has at least one hole (96) having a diameter greater than the diameter of the at least one bar (44) in order to generate at least one space or clearance (97) between the at least one bar (44) and the at least one support piece (100) when a bar passes through or is inserted into the hole (96).
21- Un elemento de unión de estructuras de jaulas adyacentes de al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 20 CARACTERIZADO porque el al menos un elemento de soporte (100) comprende al menos una cáncamo (21). 21- An attachment element of adjacent cage structures of at least one fish culture system, according to claim 20 CHARACTERIZED in that the at least one support element (100) comprises at least one eyebolt (21).
22. - Un elemento o medio unión macho (19) y hembra (20) utilizados para unir entre sí los diferentes elementos estructurales que comprende la al menos estructura de jaula del al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, CARACTERIZADO porque al menos un elemento o medio de unión macho (19) comprende al menos una base (58), que posee al menos una pestaña (59) que sobresale desde dicha base en forma perpendicular y posee al menos un orificio pasante (60) el cual puede comprender al menos un buje (61), y donde al menos un elemento o medio de unión hembra (20) comprende al menos una base (62) que posee al menos un par de pestaña (63) que se encuentran separadas entre sí, a una distancia que coincide con el ancho de la al menos una pestaña (59) del al menos un medio o elemento de unión macho (19), donde dicho par de al menos una pestaña (63) sobresalen desde dicha base en forma perpendicular, y posee al menos un orificio pasante (64) el cual puede comprender al menos un buje (65) 22. - An element or half male (19) and female (20) used to join together the different structural elements comprising the at least cage structure of the at least one fish culture system, CHARACTERIZED because at least one element or male connection means (19) comprises at least one base (58), which has at least one flange (59) protruding from said base perpendicularly and has at least one through hole (60) which can comprise at least a bushing (61), and where at least one female connecting element or means (20) comprises at least one base (62) having at least one flange pair (63) that are separated from each other, at a distance that coincides with the width of the at least one flange (59) of the at least one male means or connecting element (19), wherein said pair of at least one flange (63) protrude from said base in a perpendicular manner, and has at least a through hole (64) which may comprise at least one bushing (65)
23. - Un elemento o medio unión macho (19) y hembra (20) utilizados para unir entre sí los diferentes elementos estructurales que comprende la al menos estructura de jaula del al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 22 CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende un perno o pasador (66) para ser dispuesto a través de dichos orificios pasantes (60, 64). 23. - An element or half male (19) and female (20) used to join together the different structural elements comprising the at least cage structure of the at least one fish culture system, according to claim 22 CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises a bolt or pin (66) to be arranged through said through holes (60, 64).
24. - Un elemento o medio de unión macho (19) y hembra (20) utilizado para unir entre sí los diferentes elementos estructurales que comprende la al menos una estructura de jaula de al menos un sistema de cultivo para peces de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones precedentes CARACTERIZADO porque la al menos una pestaña (68) del al menos un elemento de unión macho (19) comprende ai menos una cavidad (69) que comprende al menos un orificio pasante (70), al menos un elemento esférico o redondo, tal como una rotula (71) que posee al menos un orificio central pasante (72), y al menos una tapa roscada (73) con hilo exterior atornillada en ai menos un extremo hilado interiormente (74) de la cavidad (69) de la pestaña (68). 24. - A male (19) and female (20) connecting element or means used to join together the different structural elements comprising the at least one cage structure of at least one fish culture system according to the claims CHARACTERIZED above because the at least one flange (68) of the at least one male connecting element (19) comprises at least one cavity (69) comprising at least one through hole (70), at least one spherical or round element, such as a label (71) having at least one central through hole (72), and at least one threaded cover (73) with outer thread screwed into at least one internally spun end (74) of the cavity (69) of the flange (68).
PCT/CL2016/000069 2015-11-04 2016-11-03 System for farming fish WO2017075728A1 (en)

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CL3245-2015 2015-11-04
CL2015003245A CL2015003245A1 (en) 2015-11-04 2015-11-04 Fish culture system comprising a cage structure, a fish tank, an anchoring system, and a network of ropes or ropes that surround the entire periphery of the nets and the upper surface of the fish culture system.

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