WO2017049809A1 - 具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩 - Google Patents

具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017049809A1
WO2017049809A1 PCT/CN2016/000500 CN2016000500W WO2017049809A1 WO 2017049809 A1 WO2017049809 A1 WO 2017049809A1 CN 2016000500 W CN2016000500 W CN 2016000500W WO 2017049809 A1 WO2017049809 A1 WO 2017049809A1
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pile
variable
cement
diameter core
soil mixing
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PCT/CN2016/000500
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周兆弟
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周兆弟
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/48—Piles varying in construction along their length, i.e. along the body between head and shoe, e.g. made of different materials along their length

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of construction and relates to a cement soil mixing pile with a variable diameter core pile.
  • Cement-soil mixing pile is a method for reinforcing the low foundation of saturated soft clay. It uses cement as a curing agent, and uses a special mixing machine to forcibly stir the soft soil and the curing agent deep in the foundation, using the curing agent and soft soil. A series of physical and chemical reactions between the soft soils are hardened into a high-quality foundation with integrity, water stability and a certain strength.
  • the bearing capacity of cement-soil mixing piles is poor.
  • it is considered to insert pre-cast piles into the cement-soil mixing piles.
  • the existing pre-made piles are basically equal-section piles. According to the test, the prefabricated piles located under the ground The lower the axial force of the pile body, the less the axial load is.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cement-soil mixing pile having a variable-diameter core pile capable of saving materials in view of the above problems.
  • a cement-soil mixing pile having a variable-diameter core pile, including a cement-soil mixing pile body, and at least one of the cement-soil mixing piles inserted therein
  • the variable-diameter core pile has a cross-sectional area of the variable-diameter core pile which gradually becomes smaller from the top to the bottom, and the cement-soil mixing pile body has a plurality of connecting ribs.
  • variable-diameter core pile is a pre-made pile
  • pre-made pile is a hollow pile or a solid pile
  • the pre-made pile has a square, H-shaped, triangular, circular, hexagonal or octagonal cross section, and the variable diameter core pile top
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the cross-sectional area of the bottom is 4-10:1
  • the outer surface of the variable-diameter core pile has a smooth plane.
  • the outer surface of the variable-diameter core pile is densely stepped along the axial direction of the variable-diameter core pile, and the surface of the step is located
  • the plane is perpendicular to the axis of the variable core pile, and each step has the same height.
  • the connecting rod of the variable-diameter core pile is fixed with a plurality of connecting nuts, and the two ends of the connecting rib are respectively fixed with the connecting nuts at both ends of the variable-diameter core pile. connection.
  • the bottom of the connecting nut is formed by the bottom of the connecting nut, and the two ends of the connecting rib are expanded to form a boss, and the boss and the card are formed.
  • the card is mated so that the connecting ribs are fixedly connected to the connecting nut.
  • the bottom of the connecting nut is provided with a tapered cavity, and the cavity is provided with a tapered ring formed by at least two cards, and the inner wall of the card
  • the ends of the connecting ribs are placed in the snap ring and clamped by the inner wall of the card.
  • the connecting nut has an internal thread on the inner wall above the snap ring, and the bottom of the connecting nut has a flange ring under the snap ring.
  • the two ends of the pile body are respectively provided with an end plate fixedly connected with the pile body, and the end plate is provided with a plurality of tapered fastener holes
  • the tapered fastener hole is provided with a conical snap ring composed of at least two cards, and the inner wall of the card has a concave-convex structure, and the end of the connecting rib is placed in the snap ring and clamped by the inner wall of the card.
  • the end plate is provided with a connecting hole having a T-shaped cross section, and the connecting hole is connected with a fastener nut having a T-shaped cross section.
  • the fastener nut has a tapered fastener hole therein.
  • the invention Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high bearing capacity, good pressure resistance, high material utilization rate and more environmental protection.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure provided in Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another structure provided by Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 3 is an axial force diagram of the pile under various loads according to the data provided in Table 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure when the variable diameter core pile is connected
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the connection of the pile of the third embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the connection of the pile of the fourth embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is another schematic view showing the connection of the pile of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of an end plate of Embodiment 5.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing another structure of the end plate of the embodiment 6;
  • Figure 13 is an enlarged view of B of Figure 6.
  • the plate 11 the tapered fastener hole 12, the connecting hole 13, the fastener nut 14, the card interface 15, the connecting member 100, and the engaging member 101.
  • a cement-soil mixing pile with a variable-diameter core pile includes a cement-soil mixing pile body 1.
  • the cement-soil mixing pile body 1 is formed by solidification of cement slurry and soil, and is about cement soil. The method for manufacturing the mixing pile is common knowledge of those skilled in the art, and is not described here.
  • the cement soil mixing pile body 1 is internally provided with at least one variable diameter core pile 2, The cross-sectional area of the variable-diameter core pile 2 gradually decreases from the top to the bottom.
  • the outer surface of the variable-diameter core pile 2 has a smooth plane, that is, the outer surface of the variable-diameter core pile 2 has a smooth transition, and the cement-soil mixing pile body 1 has a plurality of connecting ribs 5 therein.
  • the variable diameter core pile 2 is a prefabricated pile.
  • the cross section of the precast pile is square, H-shaped, triangular, circular, hexagonal or octagonal.
  • the precast pile is a hollow pile or a solid pile.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the top of the variable-diameter core pile 2 to the cross-sectional area of the bottom It is 4-10:1.
  • variable diameter core pile 2 represents a complete pile, which may be a single precast pile, or a plurality of precast piles may be axially connected to form a variable length with a certain length.
  • the core pile 2 as for the method of joining the precast piles, is a common knowledge of those skilled in the art.
  • the prefabricated piles with end plates can be axially joined by end plate welding, and the precast piles of the endless plates can be axially connected by connecting members.
  • variable diameter core pile 2 has a plurality of roots
  • the axial lines of the variable diameter core pile 2 are parallel to each other and are correspondingly arranged according to the cross sectional shape of the cement soil mixing pile pile 1. That is to say, the shape and rules of the arrangement of several variable diameter core piles 2 are adjusted according to the shape of the cement-soil mixing pile 1 or the local geological conditions and design and construction requirements.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cement-soil mixing pile 1 is not limited in this application, that is, the cross-section of the cement-soil mixing pile 1 may be circular, square, plum-shaped or by a plurality of round cement-soil mixing piles. Connected to form a pile.
  • Table 1 shows the axial force table of the pile under various loads.
  • the unit of the load force and the axial force is KN
  • the depth unit of the pile body is m.
  • Table 1 Axial force table of piles under various loads
  • Figure 3 is the axial force diagram of the pile under the load of each stage according to Table 1. According to Table 1 and Figure 2, it can be directly found that the lower the axial force is, the lower the axial force is.
  • the precast pile of the section is greatly wasteful, and the variable diameter core pile 2 of the present application can obtain material saving under the condition of ensuring strength.
  • the cement-soil mixing pile is a method for reinforcing the low foundation of saturated soft clay. It uses cement as a curing agent and is grounded by a special mixing machine. Deeply, the soft soil and the curing agent are forcibly stirred, and a series of physical and chemical reactions between the curing agent and the soft soil are used to harden the soft soil into a high-quality foundation with integrity, water stability and certain strength. Therefore, the variable diameter core pile 2 and the cement soil mixing pile pile 1 can improve the friction force, improve the bearing capacity of the entire pile, and at the same time save materials.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as the structure and principle of the first embodiment, except that, as shown in FIG. 2, the outer surface of the variable-diameter core pile 2 is densely covered with a step 6 along the axial direction of the variable-diameter core pile 2, And the plane of the surface of the step 6 is perpendicular to the axis of the variable diameter core pile 2.
  • the height L of each step 6 is the same.
  • a plurality of connecting nuts 4 are fixed at both ends of the variable-diameter core pile 2, and the connecting-diameter core pile 2 is provided with a plurality of connecting ribs 5, and the connecting ribs 5 may be steel rods, steel bars, steel strands, carbon fiber rods, etc.
  • the two ends of the connecting rib 5 are fixedly connected to the connecting nuts 4 at both ends of the variable-diameter core pile 2, respectively.
  • FIG. 5 after the bottom of the connecting nut 4 is shrunk, the card table 3 is formed, and the two ends of the connecting rib 5 are swollen to form a boss 7, and the boss 7 is engaged with the card table 3 to make a connection.
  • the rib 5 is fixedly connected to the coupling nut 4.
  • variable-diameter core pile 2 can be connected in multiples to achieve the required length, and the material connecting the variable-diameter core pile 2 can be a connecting piece.
  • the specific structure and working principle of the connecting piece can be seen in the present application.
  • the structure and principle of the embodiment are basically the same as those of the embodiment 2, except that, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 13, the bottom of the connecting nut 4 is provided with a tapered cavity, and the cavity is provided with at least two.
  • the card card 8 is formed into a tapered snap ring 9 having an uneven inner wall, and the end of the connecting rib 5 is placed in the snap ring 9 and clamped by the inner wall of the card 8.
  • the connecting ribs 5 are steel bars, steel bars, chemical profiles, carbon fiber rods, but are preferably steel strands for easy clamping with the snap ring 9.
  • the connecting nut 4 has an internal thread on the inner wall above the snap ring 9 , and the bottom of the connecting nut 4 has a flange ring 10 below the snap ring 9 .
  • the structure and principle of the embodiment are basically the same as those of the third embodiment. The difference is that, as shown in FIG. 7, the cement soil mixing pile pile body 1 is respectively provided with a cement concrete mixing pile 1 fixed.
  • the end plate 11 is connected. As shown in FIG. 12, the end plate 11 is provided with a plurality of tapered fastener holes 12, and the tapered fastener holes 12 are provided with a tapered shape composed of at least two cards 8.
  • the snap ring 9 has an uneven inner wall, and the end of the connecting rib 5 is placed in the snap ring 9 and clamped by the inner wall of the card 8.
  • the two adjacent end plates 11 may be screwed, and of course, the adjacent end plates 11 may be welded.
  • the end plate 11 is provided with a connecting hole 13 having a T-shaped cross section, and the connecting hole 13 is connected with a fastener nut 14 having a T-shaped cross section.
  • the fastener nut 14 has a tapered fastener hole 12 therein.
  • the outer wall of the end plate 11 is recessed inward to form a card interface 15 for the insertion of the clip 101.
  • the clip 101 is of a split structure. After being inserted into the card interface 15 , the clip 101 is screwed tightly so that the adjacent end plates 11 are screwed together to make the cement soil mixing pile. Body 1 is axially connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，包括水泥土搅拌桩桩体（1），水泥土搅拌桩桩体（1）内插设有至少一根变径劲芯桩（2），变径劲芯桩（2）的截面积由顶部向底部逐渐变小，水泥土搅拌桩桩体（1）内具有若干连接筋（5）。

Description

具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩 技术领域
本发明属于建筑技术领域，涉及一种变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩。
背景技术
水泥土搅拌桩是用于加固饱和软黏土低地基的一种方法，它利用水泥作为固化剂，通过特制的搅拌机械，在地基深处将软土和固化剂强制搅拌，利用固化剂和软土之间所产生的一系列物理化学反应，使软土硬结成具有整体性、水稳定性和一定强度的优质地基。
但水泥土搅拌桩的承载力较差，为了提高承载力，人们考虑在水泥土搅拌桩中***预制桩，但现有的预制桩基本为等截面桩，根据检测表明，位于地面下的预制桩的桩身越往下受到的轴力越小，因此等截面桩在材料上是一种严重的浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题，提供一种能节约材料的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用了下列技术方案：一种具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，包括水泥土搅拌桩桩体，所述的水泥土搅拌桩桩体内插设有至少一根变径劲芯桩，所述的变径劲芯桩的截面积由顶部向底部逐渐变小，所述的水泥土搅拌桩桩体内具有若干连接筋。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的变径劲芯桩为预制桩，所述的预制桩为空心桩或实心桩。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的预制桩的横截面为方形、H形、三角形、圆形、六角形或八角形，所述的变径劲芯桩顶部的截面积与底部的截面积之比为4-10∶1，所述的变径劲芯桩的外表面呈光滑的平面。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的变径劲芯桩的外表面并沿变径劲芯桩的轴向密布有台阶，且所述的台阶的表面所处的平面与变径劲芯桩的轴心线垂直，所述的每个台阶的高度相同。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的变径劲芯桩的两端固定有若干连接螺母，连接筋的两端分别与变径劲芯桩两端的连接螺母固定连接。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的连接螺母底部缩口后形成卡台，所述的连接筋的两端膨大后形成凸台，所述的凸台与卡台卡接配合从而使连接筋与连接螺母固定连接。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的连接螺母底部设有锥形的腔体，腔体内设有由至少两片卡片组成的呈锥形的卡环，卡片内壁具有凹凸状结构，连接筋的端部置于卡环内并被卡片内壁夹紧。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的连接螺母位于卡环上方的内壁具有内螺纹，连接螺母底部且位于卡环下方具有法兰圈。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的桩体两端分别设置有一块与桩体固定连接的端板，端板上设有若干锥形扣件孔，所述的锥形扣件孔内设有由至少两片卡片组成的呈锥形的卡环，卡片内壁具有凹凸状结构，连接筋的端部置于卡环内并被卡片内壁夹紧。
在上述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩中，所述的端板上设有横截面呈T型的连接孔，所述的连接孔内连接有横截面呈T型的扣件螺母，所述扣件螺母内具有锥形扣件孔。
与现有的技术相比，本发明的优点在于：承载力高，抗压性好，材料利用率高，更环保。
附图说明
图1是实施例1提供的结构示意图；
图2实施例2提供的另一种结构示意图；
图3是根据表1提供的数据绘制的各级荷载下桩身轴力图；
图4是变径劲芯桩连接时的结构示意图；
图5是图2的A处放大图；
图6是实施例3的结构示意图；
图7是实施例4的结构示意图；
图8是实施例3桩体的连接示意图；
图9是实施例4桩体的连接示意图；
图10是实施例4桩体的连接的另一种示意图；
图11是实施例5端板的结构示意图；
图12是实施例6端板的另一种结构示意图；
图13是图6的B处放大图。
图中：水泥土搅拌桩桩体1、变径劲芯桩2、卡台3、连接螺母4、连接筋5、台阶6、凸台7、卡片8、卡环9、法兰圈10、端板11、锥形扣件孔12、连接孔13、扣件螺母14、卡接口15、连接件100、卡接件101。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，包括水泥土搅拌桩桩体1，水泥土搅拌桩桩体1由水泥浆和土搅拌后固化而成，关于水泥土搅拌桩的制作方法，为本领域技术人员的公知常识，此处不再赘述，在本申请中，水泥土搅拌桩桩体1内插设有至少一根变径劲芯桩2，所述的变径劲芯桩2的截面积由顶部向底部逐渐变小。变径劲芯桩2的外表面呈光滑的平面，也就是说，变径劲芯桩2的外表面为光滑过渡，所述的水泥土搅拌桩桩体1内具有若干连接筋5。
变径劲芯桩2为预制桩。预制桩的横截面为方形、H形、三角形、圆形、六角形或八角形。预制桩为空心桩或实心桩。所述的变径劲芯桩2顶部的截面积与底部的截面积之比 为4-10∶1。
本领域技术人员应当理解，一根变径劲芯桩2表示一根完整的桩，他可以是单独的一根预制桩，也可以是多根预制桩轴向连接形成具有一定长度的变径劲芯桩2，至于预制桩连接的方法，则为本领域技术人员的公知常识，有端板的预制桩可采用端板焊接从而轴向连接，无端板的预制桩可采用连接件轴向连接。
本领域技术人员还应当理解，当变径劲芯桩2有若干根时，变径劲芯桩2的轴心线相互平行并根据水泥土搅拌桩桩体1的横截面形状进行相应的布局，也即若干根变径劲芯桩2排列的形状和规则根据水泥土搅拌桩桩体1的形状或当地的地质条件及设计施工要求做相应的调整。
本申请对水泥土搅拌桩桩体1的横截面形状不做限定，即水泥土搅拌桩桩体1的横截面可以是圆形、方形、梅花形或由多个圆形的水泥土搅拌桩相互连接从而形成桩体。
本申请的优点在于，在保证强度的情况下，能够有效的节约材料，降低不必要的材料消耗。表1为各级荷载下桩身轴力表。
其中，荷载力和轴力的单位为KN，桩身的深度单位为m。
表1各级荷载下桩身轴力表
Figure PCTCN2016000500-appb-000001
图3是根据表1绘制的各级荷载下桩身轴力图，根据表1及图2可以直接得出，在桩身越往下时，所受的轴力越小，因此，现有的等截面的预制桩是大大的浪费，本申请的变径劲芯桩2在保证强度的情况下能得到材料的节约。
桩顶上的所有荷载由上而下也就是说所有的载荷全部由桩顶承担，抗压承载桩的力来自桩周边摩擦力，那么桩的承载力大小又是来自于桩周边土的摩擦力好坏，桩周边的摩擦力越好承载力越大，众所周知，水泥土搅拌桩是用于加固饱和软黏土低地基的一种方法，它利用水泥作为固化剂，通过特制的搅拌机械，在地基深处将软土和固化剂强制搅拌，利用固化剂和软土之间所产生的一系列物理化学反应，使软土硬结成具有整体性、水稳定性和一定强度的优质地基。因此变径劲芯桩2与水泥土搅拌桩桩体1能提高摩擦力，提高整个桩的承载力，同时能节约材料。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的结构和原理基本相同，不同之处在于，如图2所示，变径劲芯桩2的外表面并沿变径劲芯桩2的轴向密布有台阶6，且所述的台阶6的表面所处的平面与变径劲芯桩2的轴心线垂直。优选地，每个台阶6的高度L相同。
变径劲芯桩2的两端固定有若干连接螺母4，所述的变径劲芯桩2内设有若干连接筋5，连接筋5可以是钢棒、钢筋、钢绞线、碳纤维棒等，连接筋5的两端分别与变径劲芯桩2两端的连接螺母4固定连接。如图5所示，连接螺母4底部缩口后形成卡台3，所述的连接筋5的两端膨大后形成凸台7，所述的凸台7与卡台3卡接配合从而使连接筋5与连接螺母4固定连接。
如图4所示，变径劲芯桩2可以多根连接而成，从而达到需要的长度，连接变径劲芯桩2的材料可以是连接件，连接件的具体结构和工作原理见本申请人之前申请的专利。如申请号为201510314380.0；200810060180.7；200810060181.1的专利。由于连接件是现有技术，因此此处不再赘述。
实施例3
本实施例的结构和原理与实施例2基本相同，不同之处在于，如图6和图13所示，所述的连接螺母4底部设有锥形的腔体，腔体内设有由至少两片卡片8组成的呈锥形的卡环9，卡片8内壁具有凹凸状结构，连接筋5的端部置于卡环9内并被卡片8内壁夹紧。连接筋5为钢棒、钢筋、化工型材、碳纤维棒，但优选为钢绞线，便于与卡环9夹紧。
所述的连接螺母4位于卡环9上方的内壁具有内螺纹，连接螺母4底部且位于卡环9下方具有法兰圈10。
如图8所示，两根相邻的水泥土搅拌桩桩体1需要连接时，通过连接件100连接，连接件100的结构如实施例1。
实施例4
本实施例的结构和原理与实施例3基本相同，不同之处在于，如图7所示，所述的水泥土搅拌桩桩体1两端分别设置有一块与水泥土搅拌桩桩体1固定连接的端板11，如图12所示，端板11上设有若干锥形扣件孔12，所述的锥形扣件孔12内设有由至少两片卡片8组成的呈锥形的卡环9，卡片8内壁具有凹凸状结构，连接筋5的端部置于卡环9内并被卡片8内壁夹紧。
上述水泥土搅拌桩桩体1需要连接时，如图9所示，可以用螺栓螺紧两块相邻的端板11即可，当然也可以将相邻的端板11焊接。
优选方案，如图11所示，所述的端板11上设有横截面呈T型的连接孔13，所述的连接孔13内连接有横截面呈T型的扣件螺母14，所述扣件螺母14内具有锥形扣件孔12。所述的端板11外壁向内凹进形成能供卡接件101***的卡接口15。如图9所示，卡接件101为分体式结构，***到卡接口15中后，用螺栓将卡接件101螺紧从而使相邻的端板11螺接配合，使水泥土搅拌桩桩体1轴向连接。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，包括水泥土搅拌桩桩体(1)，其特征在于，所述的水泥土搅拌桩桩体(1)内插设有至少一根变径劲芯桩(2)，所述的变径劲芯桩(2)的截面积由顶部向底部逐渐变小，所述的水泥土搅拌桩桩体(1)内具有若干连接筋(5)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，其特征在于，所述的变径劲芯桩(2)为预制桩，所述的预制桩为空心桩或实心桩。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，其特征在于，所述的预制桩的横截面为方形、H形、三角形、圆形、六角形或八角形，所述的变径劲芯桩(2)顶部的截面积与底部的截面积之比为1∶4-5，所述的变径劲芯桩(2)的外表面呈光滑的平面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，其特征在于，所述的变径劲芯桩(2)的外表面并沿变径劲芯桩(2)的轴向密布有台阶(6)，且所述的台阶(6)表面所处的平面与变径劲芯桩(2)的轴心线垂直。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，其特征在于，所述的变径劲芯桩(2)的两端设有若干连接螺母(4)，连接筋(5)的两端分别与变径劲芯桩(2)两端的连接螺母(4)固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的具有变径劲芯桩的水泥土搅拌桩，其特征在于，所述的连接螺母(4)底部缩口后形成卡台，所述的连接筋(5)的两端膨大后形成凸台，所述的凸台与卡台卡接配合从而使连接筋(5)与连接螺母(4)固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的抗压桩，其特征在于，所述的连接螺母(4)底部设有锥形的腔体，腔体内设有由至少两片卡片(8)组成的呈锥形的卡环(9)，卡片(8)内壁具有凹凸状结构，连接筋(5)的端部置于卡环(9)内并被卡片(8)内壁夹紧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的抗压桩，其特征在于，所述的连接螺母(4)位于卡环(9)上方的内壁具有内螺纹，连接螺母(4)底部且位于卡环(9)下方具有法兰圈(10)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的抗压桩，其特征在于，所述的桩体(1)两端分别设置有一块与桩体(1)固定连接的端板(11)，端板(11)上设有若干锥形扣件孔(12)，所述的锥形扣件孔(12)内设有由至少两片卡片(8)组成的呈锥形的卡环(9)，卡片(8)内壁具有凹凸状结构，连接筋(5)的端部置于卡环(9)内并被卡片(8)内壁夹紧。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的抗压桩，其特征在于，所述的端板(11)上设有横截面呈T型的连接孔(13)，所述的连接孔(13)内连接有横截面呈T型的扣件螺母(14)，所述扣件螺母(14)内具有锥形扣件孔(12)。
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