WO2017036353A1 - 交变复合励磁组件及其在电机和变压器中应用 - Google Patents
交变复合励磁组件及其在电机和变压器中应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017036353A1 WO2017036353A1 PCT/CN2016/096860 CN2016096860W WO2017036353A1 WO 2017036353 A1 WO2017036353 A1 WO 2017036353A1 CN 2016096860 W CN2016096860 W CN 2016096860W WO 2017036353 A1 WO2017036353 A1 WO 2017036353A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
- H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
- H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
- H01F30/16—Toroidal transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/141—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a motor technology, in particular to a composite excitation component capable of generating an alternating composite magnetic field, a transaction-variable composite excitation rotary motor and a linear motor and an alternating composite excitation gain transformer device using the same.
- the composite excitation magnetic field can only be generated under the excitation current excitation condition in a certain direction, and the magnetic field cannot be obtained at the magnetic pole surface of the single iron core.
- An alternating magnetic field of the same intensity If two permanent magnets with opposite magnetic poles are embedded in the single core, when the alternating excitation current is input into the excitation coil, the magnetic circuit interference between the two permanent magnets and the excitation magnetic field will partially reduce the excitation and permanent magnet recombination efficiency. , thereby reducing the contribution of the permanent magnet magnetic field to the composite excitation magnetic potential.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a composite excitation component capable of generating an alternating composite magnetic field by appropriately designing a core structure, and applying the composite excitation component capable of generating an alternating magnetic field to a rotary motor and a linear motor. And an AC transformer.
- the technical solution of the present invention is to provide an alternating composite excitation component, wherein the alternating composite excitation component is composed of an even-numbered iron core and a plurality of magnetic isolation layers, and the magnetic isolation layer is disposed on each Between the iron cores, the even-numbered iron core and the magnetic isolation layer form a closed-loop shape or an open-loop shape, and each layer of the iron core has one or two notches, and each of the core cores is inscribed with a permanent magnet at the notch.
- the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet are closely attached to the two opposite sides of the core notch, and a gap is left between one side of the permanent magnet and the side of the core notch, and the permanent magnets are embedded in the gap between the adjacent two cores.
- the magnetic polarity is opposite in direction, and the same set of excitation coils surround the periphery of each layer of iron cores.
- the alternating composite excitation component is composed of a set of excitation coils and an even number of open-loop C-shaped or U-shaped or V-shaped iron core layers, and the layers are arranged between the iron core layers.
- There is a magnetic isolation layer each layer has one or two notches, and each layer of the core is inlaid with a permanent magnet, and the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet are closely attached to the opposite sides of the core, and the permanent magnet is There is a gap between one side of the core and the side of the core notch.
- the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets in the adjacent two core cores are opposite in direction, and the same set of excitation coils surround the periphery of each core.
- the alternating composite excitation component is composed of a set of excitation coils and an even number of closed-loop iron core layers, and a closed-loop magnetic isolation layer is disposed between each layer of iron core layers, and each The layer core has one or two notches, and each layer of the core core is inlaid with a rectangular permanent magnet, and the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet are closely attached to the two opposite sides of the rectangular core notch, and one side of the rectangular permanent magnet is There is a gap between the sides of the core notch.
- the magnetic poles of the inlaid permanent magnets in the adjacent two core cores are opposite in direction, and the same set of excitation coils surround the periphery of each layer of iron cores.
- the single iron core is designed as an even number of iron core layers, and the layers are magnetically isolated.
- a forward current is input into the excitation coil
- the magnetic excitation end of the odd-numbered iron core generates a composite excitation magnetic potential.
- a reverse current is input into the excitation coil
- a composite excitation magnetic potential is generated at the magnetic convex end of the even-numbered iron core.
- the forward and reverse excitation currents are equal in intensity, the alternating magnetic field at the end of the even-numbered core magnetic convex is opposite. But the intensity is equal.
- the present invention provides an alternating hybrid excitation rotating electric machine comprising a rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is composed of a stator base and a plurality of alternating composite excitation components, the plurality of The alternating composite excitation component is arranged annularly, balancedly and symmetrically on the stator base, and each alternating composite excitation component is magnetically isolated from each other, and the core of the alternating composite excitation component is double-layered C-shaped, two layers A C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is disposed between the C-shaped iron cores, and each of the C-shaped iron cores is provided with two notches near the open ring, two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the two notches, and two C-shaped cores are embedded in the same layer.
- the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the notches are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets embedded in the C-shaped core gaps between the different layers are opposite;
- the rotor is composed of a rotating shaft and a circular bracket. And a plurality of permanent magnet units, the rotating shaft and the bracket are fixed, a plurality of permanent magnet units are arranged on the circular bracket, and there are gaps between adjacent two permanent magnet units, and adjacent
- the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnet units are different, the rotor rotates, and the two permanent magnetic pole faces of each permanent magnet unit on the circular support can receive two magnetics of the C-shaped iron core of all alternating composite excitation components from the stator seat. The extreme faces overlap and pass, and there is an air gap between the permanent magnet pole face of the permanent magnet unit and the C-core core pole face.
- the rotor is composed of a rotating shaft, a circular bracket, a permanent magnet unit and a magnetizing unit, the rotating shaft is fixed to the bracket, and the permanent magnet unit and the magnetizing unit are uniformly arranged in a circle.
- each of the magneto-conducting units can be overlapped from the two magnetic pole faces of all the alternating composite excitation components C-shaped iron cores on the stator base, and the permanent magnet unit permanent magnet magnetic pole ends There is an air gap between the magnetically conductive end face of the surface and the magnetizer unit and the C-core core end face.
- an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor which comprises an movable member and a fixed member, wherein the fixed member is composed of a fixed seat and a plurality of alternating composite excitation components, and a plurality of alternating The composite excitation component is fixed in the slot of the fixed seat at equal intervals.
- the core of the alternating composite excitation component is double-layered C-shaped, and a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is disposed between the two C-shaped cores.
- the C-shaped iron core is provided with two rectangular notches near the open ring, and two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in the two notches, and the magnetic polar directions of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two notches of the same C-shaped iron core are In the same direction, the magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets embedded in the C-shaped core gaps between the different layers are opposite.
- the moving parts are composed of the moving parts seat and a plurality of permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are equally spaced according to the setting.
- the inlaid in the slot of the moving part seat, and the adjacent two permanent magnets have different magnetic polarities, and the two permanent magnets of the permanent magnet have a magnetic pole end surface perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fixed seat of the moving member, that is, each permanent magnet Two polar end faces and each C-shaped alternating composite excitation
- the two magnetic pole faces of the component core are parallel to each other, and when the moving member moves along the longitudinal axis of the fixed member, the vertical center line of each of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation components on the fixed seat is respectively arranged on the movable seat
- the vertical center lines of the permanent magnet magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnets are successively overlapped one by one, and there is an air gap between the magnetic pole surface of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component and the permanent magnetic pole end surface.
- the moving member is composed of a movable part seat and a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of magnetic conductive bodies, and the permanent magnet and the magnetic conductive body are embedded in the notch of the movable part seat according to the setting, forever
- the permanent magnetic pole end face of the magnet and the magnetic conductive end face of the magnetizer are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stator seat, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnets are different.
- another alternating hybrid excitation linear motor which comprises an movable member and a fixed member, wherein the fixed member is composed of a fixed seat and a plurality of permanent magnets, and a plurality of permanent magnets are pressed.
- the movable base and the plurality of alternating composite excitation components are fixed, and the plurality of alternating composite excitation components are fixed in the slots of the movable component seat at equal intervals;
- the core of the alternating composite excitation component is double-layered C-shaped, two A C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is disposed between the C-shaped iron cores, and each C-shaped iron core is provided with two rectangular notches near the open ring, and two rectangular notches are respectively embedded with two permanent magnets, and the same layer of C-shaped iron
- the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of the core are in the same direction, and the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets embedded in the C-shaped core gaps between the different layers are opposite;
- the magnetic pole end faces of the permanent magnets on the stator base are parallel to the two pole end faces of the C-shaped alternating composite exciter cores of the movable component seat, and the magnetic pole faces of the respective C-shaped alternating composite excitation components are There is an air gap between the magnetic pole faces of each permanent magnet; when the moving member moves linearly along the longitudinal axis of the fixed member, the vertical center lines of the magnetic pole faces of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation component on the moving member are respectively respectively arranged with the fixed seat The vertical center lines of the magnetic pole faces of each of the permanent magnets coincide one by one.
- the stator is composed of a stator seat and a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of magnetizers, and the permanent magnet and the magnetizer are embedded in the slot of the stator seat according to the setting, forever
- the magnetic pole face of the magnet and the magnetically conductive end face of the magnetizer are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stator seat, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnets are different.
- the present invention further provides an alternating hybrid excitation transformer, characterized in that the composition comprises an alternating composite excitation component, an input coil and an output coil, and the alternating composite excitation component is composed of an even number of closed loops.
- the iron core layer is formed with a closed-loop magnetic isolation layer between each layer of iron core layers, each layer of iron core has one or two notches, and each layer of the core core is inlaid with a permanent magnet, and the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet Adjacent to the two opposite sides of the core notch, and a gap is left between one side of the permanent magnet and the side of the core notch, and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet embedded in the gap between the adjacent two cores is opposite, input The coil and the output coil surround the periphery of the closed loop core of each layer of the alternating composite excitation assembly.
- the alternating composite excitation component capable of generating an alternating composite magnetic field of the invention is applied to a rotating electrical machine and a linear motor, which simplifies the structure of the motor, greatly improves the torque of the motor, ensures the consistency of the torque of the motor, and controls the performance of the motor. Torque Stability has also been significantly improved.
- the rotor of the motor adopts the structure of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer, which improves the smoothness of the operation of the motor, saves the permanent magnet material, reduces the manufacturing cost of the motor and saves energy.
- the composite excitation closed-loop component capable of generating an alternating magnetic field according to the present invention is applied to a transformer to form a novel AC gain transformer, which can compensate for the loss of the transformer itself and improve energy efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of an alternating composite excitation assembly capable of generating an alternating magnetic field, the core being a double-layer open-loop C-shape.
- Figure 2 is a diagram showing the combined field magnetic polarity formed in the outer core when the exciting coil is supplied with a reverse current.
- Figure 3 is the excitation magnetic polarity formed in the outer core when the exciting coil is supplied with a forward current. (At this time, the permanent magnet permanent magnet magnetic force does not contribute to the magnetic potential of the magnetic pole surface of the outer core)
- Figure 4 shows that the outer core has no magnetic potential when the excitation coil has no current.
- Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the combined field magnetic polarity formed in the inner core when the exciting coil is supplied with a reverse current.
- Figure 6 is the field magnetic polarity formed in the inner core when the exciting coil is supplied with a forward current. (At this time, the permanent magnet permanent magnet magnetic force does not contribute to the magnetic potential of the magnetic pole surface of the outer core)
- Figure 7 shows that the inner core has no magnetic potential when the excitation coil has no current.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an inner rotor composite excitation motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a compound excitation motor in which a magnetizer is added between permanent magnets of an inner rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure assembly of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the characteristic position of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the second characteristic position of the alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a third schematic diagram showing the characteristic position of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure assembly of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the characteristic position of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- 16 is a schematic view showing the second characteristic position of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 17 is a third schematic view showing the characteristic position of an alternating hybrid excitation linear motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 18 is a structural schematic view showing a composite excitation linear motor in which a permanent magnet and a magnetizer are embedded on a movable member according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 19 is a structural schematic view showing a composite excitation linear motor in which a permanent magnet and a magnetizer are embedded on a stator according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic exploded view showing the structure of an alternating composite excitation component capable of generating an alternating magnetic field according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the iron core is a double-layer closed-loop rectangle.
- 21 is a schematic structural view of an alternating composite excitation component capable of generating an alternating magnetic field according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the iron core is a double-layer closed-loop rectangle.
- Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, the primary coil being in a forward current state.
- Figure 23 is a structural outline view of a closed loop double-layer iron core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which the primary coil is in a forward current state.
- Fig. 24 is a structural outline view showing another angle of the closed-loop double-layer iron core assembly according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the primary coil is in a forward current state.
- Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed loop double-layer iron core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which the primary coil has no current flowing state.
- Fig. 26 is a structural outline view of a closed loop double-layer iron core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which the primary coil has no current flowing state.
- Fig. 27 is a structural outline view showing another angle of the closed-loop double-layer iron core assembly according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, and the primary coil has no current flowing state.
- Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view showing a closed loop double-layer core assembly according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, the primary coil being in a reverse current state.
- FIG. 29 is a structural outline view of a closed-loop double-layer iron core assembly according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention, in which a primary coil is in a reverse current state.
- Fig. 30 is a structural outline view showing another angle of the closed-loop double-layer iron core assembly according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, the primary coil is in a reverse current state.
- 1 is a C-shaped outer core
- 2 is a permanent magnet (top is N pole)
- 3 is a permanent magnet (upper is N pole)
- 4 is between the permanent magnet side and the outer core gap Void
- 5 is a magnetic isolation layer
- 6 is a C-shaped inner core
- 7 is a permanent magnet (S pole at the top)
- 8 is a permanent magnet (S pole at the top)
- 9 is a permanent magnet side and an inner core gap
- the gap between the 10, is the excitation coil
- 11 is the excitation magnetic field formed in the outer core when the excitation coil is supplied with the reverse excitation current.
- 12 is a permanent magnet magnetic line formed in the outer core and opened by the excitation current when the excitation coil is supplied with the reverse excitation current
- 13 is an excitation magnetic field formed in the outer core by the excitation coil being supplied with the forward excitation current
- 14 is a permanent magnet magnetic line formed around the gap between the outer core and the permanent magnet when the exciting coil is supplied with the forward excitation current
- 15 is the excitation coil without excitation current
- the permanent magnet is in the outer core and the permanent
- 16 is an exciting magnetic line formed in the inner core when the exciting coil is supplied with a reverse excitation current
- 17 is a permanent magnet when the exciting coil is supplied with a reverse exciting current
- 18 is an exciting current flowing into the exciting coil, and an exciting magnetic line formed in the inner core
- 19 is when the exciting coil is supplied with a forward exciting current a permanent magnet magnetic field line formed in the inner core and driven by an
- the magnetic field line, 96 is the composite excitation magnetic field line of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is connected to the forward current
- 97 is the excitation magnetic field line of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is connected to the forward current
- 98 is the current-free magnetic flux of the primary coil.
- the magnetic field line formed by the permanent magnet 101 is the excitation magnetic field line of the inner core of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is connected to the reverse current
- 102 is the composite excitation magnetic field formed by the outer permanent magnet of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is connected to the reverse current
- the force line, 103 is the inner magnetic field line of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is connected to the reverse current
- 104 is the composite excitation magnetic field line of the outer layer of the closed-loop iron core when the primary coil is connected to the reverse current.
- This embodiment is an alternating composite excitation assembly using a double-layer C-shaped iron core.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the double-layer C-shaped iron core alternating composite excitation component of the embodiment.
- the C-shaped iron core is divided into inner and outer layers, an outer core 1 and an inner core 6, and a magnetic separation layer 5 is disposed between the two cores;
- Each of the openings has two notches, respectively embedded in the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3, the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3 have the same magnetic polarity direction, that is, the upper side is the N pole, the lower side is the S pole, the permanent magnet 2 and the permanent magnet 3
- a gap 4 is disposed between the side surface and the outer core 1 , and two holes are formed in the inner core 6 respectively, and the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 are respectively embedded, and the magnetic polarities of the inner permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 are respectively inserted.
- the directions are the same, that is, the upper side is the S pole, the lower side is the N pole, the permanent magnet 7 and the side surface of the permanent magnet 8 and the inner layer iron core 6 are provided with a gap, and the permanent magnet 2 of the outer core 1 and the permanent magnet 3 are provided.
- the magnetic polarity direction is opposite to the magnetic polarity direction of the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 of the inner core 6, and the same set of exciting windings are wound around the periphery of the double-layer C-shaped core to form an alternating composite excitation capable of generating an alternating magnetic field. Component.
- the magnetic reluctance between the inner and outer closed magnetic circuits should be much larger than the magnetic reluctance between the magnetic sources in the closed magnetic circuit inside and outside the inner and outer layers, and the inner and outer layers are composed of a multi-magnetic source composed of an electric excitation source and a permanent magnet source.
- the complex closed magnetic circuit of the road is composed of a multi-magnetic source composed of an electric excitation source and a permanent magnet source.
- the permanent magnet magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 embedded in the inner core is opposite to the exciting magnetic field formed by the exciting winding 10, the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 8 embedded in the inner core remain intact.
- the core magnetic circuit forms a closed permanent magnet magnetic circuit 14, so that only the excitation coil excitation occurs in the inner core air gap.
- the field magnetic field line 16 is formed.
- the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole faces at the open loops of the outer core (as shown in FIG. 3) and the inner core (as shown in FIG. 6) are respectively The polarity also changes inversion.
- the upper magnetic pole surface forms an N pole
- the lower magnetic pole surface forms an S pole.
- Only the excitation magnetic field line 13 generated by the excitation coil excitation is formed in the outer core, and the excitation magnetic line is formed in the inner core.
- a permanent magnet magnetic field line 19 is also formed, so that a composite magnetic potential of excitation and permanent magnet superposition is formed at the upper and lower magnetic pole faces of the inner core, and the magnetic potential formed between the upper and lower magnetic pole faces of the outer core is only Excitation magnetic potential.
- the permanent magnet embedded in the outer core forms a closed magnetic circuit 15 around the gap.
- the inner core is embedded.
- the permanent magnets form a closed magnetic circuit 20 around the gap such that the magnetic pole faces of the outer core and the inner core have no magnetic potential.
- a composite alternating magnetic field can be generated, and the change of the composite alternating magnetic field changes with the direction of the exciting current of the exciting coil.
- This embodiment is an application of an alternating composite excitation component in a switched reluctance rotating electrical machine.
- the structure of the motor of this embodiment is as shown in FIG.
- Ten C-shaped alternating composite excitation components are arranged in a ring shape, balanced and symmetrically on the stator base, and each alternating composite excitation component is magnetically isolated from each other, a circular bracket 21, a rotating shaft 22, and sixteen permanent magnets 23 Together they form the rotor.
- the structure of ten C-shaped alternating composite excitation components is as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7.
- the core of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component is a double C shape, and a C shape is arranged between the two C cores.
- Magnetic isolation layer each layer of C-shaped iron core is provided with two rectangular notches near the open ring, two rectangular indentations are respectively embedded with two permanent magnets, and two of the two rectangular indentations of the same layer of C-shaped iron core are embedded
- the magnetic polarities of the permanent magnets are the same direction.
- the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of the different layers of the C-shaped iron core are opposite.
- For the working principle refer to the first embodiment.
- Sixteen permanent magnets 23 are embedded in the circular bracket 21, and there is a gap between two adjacent permanent magnets.
- the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnets is directed to the radial direction of the motor, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnets are different.
- the rotor rotates, and the two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet on the circular bracket can pass between the two pole faces of all the alternating composite excitation components C-shaped iron core on the stator seat, and the permanent magnet unit permanent magnet There is an air gap between the magnetic pole face and the C-shaped core magnetic pole face.
- the control principle of the motor of the embodiment is based on the relative position of the magnetic pole surface of each C-shaped alternating excitation component and the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet, and the excitation current is controlled by the excitation control current to the direction of the excitation current input to the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component.
- the specific control process is as follows:
- the excitation power control circuit then changes the excitation current direction of the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component, that is, the forward excitation current changes to the reverse excitation current through the zero current, or the reverse excitation current changes to the forward excitation current through the zero current.
- the magnetic repulsive force of the same direction of the magnetic force direction and the positive torque direction of the rotor is formed between the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component and the opposite permanent magnet.
- the duration of the input excitation current in a certain direction is significantly longer than the time taken by the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component to change the direction of the excitation current from the stator.
- All C-shaped alternation In the case of the composite excitation component, the number of alternating composite excitation components in the state of the excitation current input is more than the number of the alternating composite excitation components in the state where the excitation current is zero, and the above two factors are combined. This allows a continuous positive torque to be applied to the rotor of the motor.
- the alternating composite excitation component additionally adds a permanent magnet embedded in the double-layer iron core, and the permanent magnet is excited by the excitation current of the excitation coil, and the magnetic potential of the partial permanent magnet is superimposed on the excitation magnetic energy potential, thereby The energy efficiency and torque of the motor are increased.
- This embodiment is another application form of the alternating composite excitation component in the switched reluctance rotating electrical machine.
- the motor structure of this embodiment is as shown in FIG.
- each alternating composite excitation component is magnetically isolated from each other, a circular bracket 31, a rotating shaft 32, four permanent magnets 33 and four The magnets 39 together form a rotor.
- the structure of the six C-shaped alternating composite excitation components is as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 , and the working principle thereof is shown in the first embodiment.
- the four permanent magnets 33 are embedded in the circular bracket 31 between the four magnets 39, and there is a gap between the adjacent permanent magnets and the magnetizer.
- the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnets is directed to the radial direction of the motor, and the adjacent two permanent magnets The magnetic polarity is different.
- the rotor rotates, two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet on the circular bracket and two magnetically conductive end faces of each magnetizer can obtain two magnetic poles of the C-shaped iron core of all six alternating composite excitation components from the stator seat Between the faces, there is an air gap between the magnetic pole end face of the permanent magnet, the magnetic conductive end face of the magnetizer and the C-core core end face.
- control principle and method of the motor of this embodiment are the same as those of the second embodiment, and are not repeated here.
- a key feature of this embodiment is the addition of a magnetizer 39 to the rotor circular bracket 31.
- the magnetizer 39 interacts with the alternating composite excitation component to reduce the adverse effect of the reverse magnetic field formed by the commutation of the current in the excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation component on the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet material on the rotor.
- the magnet provides a magnetic circuit for the alternating composite excitation component, so the magnetizer also participates in the motor rotating torque work, further improving the overall motor torque, or reducing the amount of permanent magnets in the case of the same torque output, reducing The cost is also reduced by the frequency of the excitation power supply commutation.
- This embodiment is an application of an alternating composite excitation component capable of generating a composite alternating magnetic field in a two-layer motor.
- the structure of the linear motor of this embodiment is as shown in FIG.
- the stator is composed of a fixed seat 41 and a plurality of alternating composite excitation components 42.
- a plurality of alternating composite excitation components are fixed in the slots of the fixed seat at equal intervals, and the alternating composite excitation component core It is a double-layer C-shaped, and a C-shaped magnetic isolation layer is disposed between the two C-shaped iron cores.
- Each of the C-shaped iron cores is provided with two rectangular notches near the open ring, and two rectangular notches are respectively embedded with two permanent holes.
- the movable member of the present embodiment is composed of a movable member base 44 and eight permanent magnets 43.
- the eight permanent magnets are embedded in the slots of the movable seat at equal intervals, and all of the permanent magnets are
- the two permanent magnetic pole end faces are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stator seat, that is, the permanent magnet pole end faces are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stator seat, and the magnetic polar directions of the adjacent two permanent magnets are different, and the moving parts are along Movement of the longitudinal axis of the stator, the magnetic pole of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation component on the stator PM magnetic pole surfaces are opposite to the end face of each permanent magnet movable seat member, there is an air gap between the composite assembly field magnetic pole end and the PM magnetic pole end faces of the C-shaped alternating.
- the vertical center lines of the permanent magnet 1 and the permanent magnet 5 respectively coincide with the vertical center lines of the fixed alternating excitation component 1 and the assembly 4, and at this moment, the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 are in the exciting coil.
- the excitation current is zero, and the magnetic pole faces of the components 1 and 4 have no magnetic polarity, and at this moment, the other components, namely the component 2, the component 3, the component 5, and the component 6 excitation coils respectively input excitation currents in different directions, and the excitation current of each component
- the direction of the magnetic pole of the magnetic pole surface of the assembly is the same as the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet in the moving direction of the moving member, and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet behind the moving direction of the moving member is different.
- the component 2 repels the permanent magnet 3 and attracts the permanent
- the magnet 2 the assembly 3 repels the permanent magnet 4, attracts the permanent magnet 3, the assembly 5 repels the permanent magnet 7, attracts the permanent magnet 6, and the assembly 6 repels the permanent magnet 8 and attracts the permanent magnet 7.
- the excitation current is re-inputted in the excitation coils of the components 1 and 4, and the component 1 re-inputs the excitation current direction so that the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole surface of the assembly 1 is the same as the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet 1,
- Component 1 repels permanent magnet 1 and pushes
- the member moves to the right, and the direction of the excitation current re-inputted by the component 4 is such that the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole face of the component 4 is the same as the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet 5, which is different from the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet 4, and the component 4 repels the permanent magnet 5.
- the permanent magnet 4 is attracted.
- the vertical center lines of the permanent magnet 3 and the permanent magnet 7 respectively coincide with the vertical center lines of the fixed alternating excitation component 3 and the assembly 6, and at this moment, the assembly 3 and the assembly 6 are in the exciting coil.
- the excitation current is zero, and the magnetic pole faces of the components 3 and 6 have no magnetic polarity, and at this moment, the other components, namely the component 2, the component 4, the component 5, and the component 7 excitation coils respectively input excitation currents in different directions, and the excitation current of each component
- the direction of the magnetic pole of the magnetic pole surface of the assembly is the same as the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet in the moving direction of the moving member, and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet behind the moving direction of the moving member is different, and the component 2, the component 4, the component 5, and the component 7 Repel and attract the permanent magnets on the moving parts.
- the component 1 has an excitation current in the exciting coil of zero due to the departure of the permanent magnet on the moving member.
- the magnetic potential of the permanent magnet embedded in the double-layer iron core is also effectively utilized, so that the energy efficiency and the acceleration performance of the linear motor of the embodiment are improved.
- This embodiment is an application of an alternating hybrid excitation component capable of generating an alternating magnetic field in another type of linear motor.
- the structure of the linear motor of this embodiment is as shown in FIG.
- the stator is composed of a fixed seat 54 and a plurality of permanent magnets 53.
- the plurality of permanent magnets 53 are embedded in the slots of the fixed seat 54 at equal intervals, and the two permanent magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet 53
- the vertical axis of the stator base 53 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stator seat, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnets 53 are different.
- the moving member is driven by the movable member 51 and several The alternating composite excitation component 52 is configured, and the plurality of alternating composite excitation components 52 are fixed in the slots of the movable component 51 at equal intervals.
- the core of the alternating composite excitation component 52 has a double C shape and two C shapes.
- a C-shaped magnetic isolating layer is disposed between the iron cores, and each of the C-shaped iron cores is provided with two rectangular notches near the open ring, and two rectangular notches are respectively embedded with two permanent magnets, and the same layer of C-shaped iron cores are respectively
- the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the rectangular notches are the same, and the magnetic polarities of the two permanent magnets embedded in the two rectangular notches of the different layers of the C-shaped core are opposite (see Figure 1).
- the moving member moves linearly along the longitudinal axis of the fixed member, and the magnetic pole faces of each C-shaped alternating composite excitation component are respectively opposite to the permanent magnetic pole faces of each permanent magnet on the fixed seat, and the C-shaped alternating composite excitation component magnetic There is an air gap between the extreme face and the permanent magnetic pole end face.
- Figure 15 is a position 1, the vertical centerlines of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4 on the moving member coincide with the vertical center lines of the permanent magnet 1 and the permanent magnet 5 on the stator, respectively, at this moment, in the excitation coil of the assembly 1 and the assembly 4.
- the excitation current is zero, and the magnetic pole faces of the components 1 and 4 have no magnetic polarity.
- the excitation coils of the component 2, the component 3, the component 5, and the component 6 are input in different directions, and the direction of the excitation current of each component makes the component
- the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole surface is different from the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet in the moving direction of the moving member, and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet behind the moving direction of the moving member is the same, and the component 2, the component 3, the component 5, and the component 6 respectively repel and attract each The permanent magnets around the assembly, in turn, obtain a reaction force that moves the mover along the longitudinal axis of the stator.
- Figure 16 is position two, the vertical centerlines of the assembly 3 and the assembly 6 on the moving member coincide with the vertical centerlines of the permanent magnets 4 and the permanent magnets 8, respectively, at the moment, in the excitation coils of the assembly 3 and the assembly 6
- the excitation current is zero, and the magnetic pole faces of the component 3 and the component 6 have no magnetic polarity, and at this moment, the excitation coils of the component 1, the component 2, the component 4, and the component 5 are input in different directions, and the direction of the excitation current of each component makes the component
- the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole surface is different from the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet in the moving direction of the moving member, and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet behind the moving direction of the moving member is the same, and the components 1, 2, 4, and 5 respectively repel and attract each
- the permanent magnets around the assembly obtain a reaction force that moves the mover along the longitudinal axis of the stator.
- Figure 17 is the position three, the vertical centerline of the upper assembly 2 and the assembly 5, respectively, with the fixed permanent magnet 3 and the permanent magnet
- the vertical centerlines of 7 coincide, at this moment, the excitation current in the excitation coils of component 2 and component 5 is zero, and the magnetic pole faces of component 2 and component 5 have no magnetic polarity, and at this moment, component 1, component 3, component 4, component 6 are excited.
- the coils are respectively input with excitation currents in different directions, and the direction of excitation current of each component is such that the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole surface of the assembly is different from the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet in front of the moving direction of the moving member, and the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnet behind the moving direction of the moving member Similarly, the component 1, the component 3, the component 4, and the component 6 respectively repel and attract the permanent magnets around the components, thereby obtaining a reaction force, and moving the movable component along the longitudinal axis of the stator.
- Figures 15-17 show three characteristic positions of the linear motor motion of this embodiment. Therefore, it can be seen that the movable member can be linearly moved along the longitudinal axis of the stator as long as the excitation control current of the direction is input into each component of the movable member.
- This embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment.
- the present embodiment adds a magnetizer 65 between the permanent magnets 63 of the movable member base 64.
- the respective magnets 65 on the movable member 64 can interact with the alternating composite excitation component 62, and on the one hand, the current exchange in the excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation component on the stator 61 can be reduced.
- the adverse magnetic field of the permanent magnet material on the moving member is adversely affected by the formed reverse magnetic field.
- the magnetic field also provides a magnetic circuit for the alternating alternating excitation component on the stator, so that the magnet also participates in the rotational torque of the motor. The work further improves the torque of the motor, or reduces the amount of permanent magnets under the same torque output, reduces the cost, and reduces the frequency of the excitation power supply commutation.
- This embodiment is a modification of the fifth embodiment.
- the present embodiment adds a magnetizer between the permanent magnets of the stator.
- the respective magnets 75 on the stator base 74 can interact with the alternating composite excitation component 72 on the movable component 71, and on the one hand, can reduce the excitation coil of the alternating composite excitation component on the movable component.
- the reverse magnetic field formed by the commutation of the medium current adversely affects the magnetic properties of the material of the permanent magnet 73 on the moving member.
- the magnetic conductor also provides a magnetic circuit for the alternating composite excitation component on the moving member, and the magnetizer is also involved.
- the motor's rotating torque works to further increase the motor's overall torque, or reduce the amount of permanent magnets in the case of the same torque output, reducing the cost, and reducing the frequency of the excitation power supply commutation.
- This embodiment is an application of an alternating composite excitation component in a transformer.
- the structure of this embodiment is as shown in Fig. 20 and Fig. 21.
- the alternating composite excitation component core is a double-layer rectangular closed-loop iron core, and a closed-loop rectangular magnetic isolation layer 85 is disposed between the outer core 83 and the inner layer 84, and each layer has two rectangles.
- the notch, the rectangular core of the outer core 83 is inlaid with a rectangular permanent magnet 87
- the rectangular core of the inner core 84 is inlaid with a rectangular permanent magnet 86
- the N pole surface of the rectangular permanent magnet 87 is closely attached to the outer core 83 rectangle.
- the upper side of the notch and the S pole pole surface are in close contact with the lower side of the rectangular notch of the outer core 83, and a gap is left between one side of the rectangular permanent magnet 87 and the side of the rectangular notch of the core.
- the rectangular permanent magnet The N pole magnetic pole surface of 86 is in close contact with the lower side of the rectangular notch of the inner core 84
- the S pole magnetic surface is in close contact with the rectangular notch of the inner core 84
- the input coil 81 and the output coil 82 surround the alternating composite excitation. Closed-loop core of each layer of the assembly.
- FIG. 22 to FIG. 22 A schematic diagram of the current or current-free current flowing into the primary coil of the transformer in this embodiment is as shown in FIG. 22 to FIG.
- Fig. 22 shows that a forward current is applied to the primary coil 91.
- Fig. 23 shows that a composite excitation magnetic field line 93 is formed in the inner core, and only an excitation magnetic field line 94 is formed in the outer core, and
- Fig. 24 shows the outer layer.
- the magnetic force line 95 of the permanent magnet in the iron core is not superimposed on the excitation magnetic field line 97 of the outer layer, and the inner core magnetic line 96 is a composite excitation magnetic line, which is the permanent magnet magnetic line and the inner core of the permanent magnet embedded in the inner core.
- the primary coil current excitation forms a convergence of the excitation magnetic lines of force.
- Figure 25 shows that both the primary coil 91 and the secondary coil 92 have no current.
- Figure 26 shows that the non-excited magnetic field lines are formed in the inner core, and only the closed-loop permanent magnet magnetic field lines 98 are present.
- Figure 27 shows the outer core. The non-excited magnetic lines of force are formed, and only the closed-loop permanent magnet line 99 is present.
- Figure 28 shows a reverse current flowing through the primary coil 91.
- Figure 29 shows the inner core permanent magnet magnetic field line 100, the inner magnetic core 101, and the outer excitation magnetic field 102.
- 30 denotes an inner core excitation magnetic line 103 and a composite excitation magnetic line 104 in the outer core.
- an alternating current When an alternating current is input to the primary coil 91 of the present embodiment, an alternating current having a different voltage and the same frequency variation is generated in the secondary coil 92. Since the direction of the magnetic polarity of the permanent magnets is different in the double-layer closed-loop iron core, regardless of the direction of the alternating current input from the input coil 91, there is always a permanent magnet flux and a field magnetic flux superimposed on the composite cutting secondary winding 92, and The secondary coil 92 can induce an electromotive force formed by the composite magnetic flux, thereby becoming a transformer having a gain function, which can compensate for the self-loss that the transformer cannot avoid, and improve the energy efficiency of the transformer.
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Abstract
一种交变复合励磁组件及其在旋转电机、直线电机、变压器中的应用。该交变复合励磁组件由偶数层铁芯(1,6)及若干磁隔离层(5)构成,磁隔离层(5)设置于各层铁芯(1,6)之间,偶数层铁芯(1,6)与磁隔离层(5)形成闭环形状或开环形状,每一层铁芯(1,6)均开有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯(1,6)的缺口处均镶嵌有永磁体(2,3,7,8),永磁体(2,3,7,8)的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且使永磁体(2,3,7,8)的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙(4,9),相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体(2,3,7,8)的磁极性方向相反,同一组激励线圈(10)围绕于各层铁芯(1,6)的***。该交变复合励磁组件将永磁磁势与励磁磁势叠加,形成交变的复合励磁磁场,能提高电磁能效。
Description
本发明涉及电动机技术,尤其是一种能产生交变复合磁场的复合励磁组件以及采用该组件所结构成交变复合励磁旋转电动机和直线电动机以及交变复合励磁增益变压装置。
在传统开关磁阻电动机定子中,将永磁体的永磁磁势与励磁体的励磁磁势复合起来作用于电动机转子,为提高电动机的效能开创了新的技术途径。中国专利CN201010102546.x(南京航空航天大学)公开了一种混合励磁分块定、转子开关磁阻电机,该电机在U形定子块的两个定子齿槽口之间嵌入永磁体,励磁线圈缠绕在U形定子块的轭上,每个缠绕在U形定子块轭上的励磁线圈产生的励磁磁场与嵌在该U形定子块两个定子齿槽间的永磁体产生的永磁磁场并联。此结构中,由于所嵌入永磁体磁极性方向是固定的,只有当励磁线圈输入激励电流方向与永磁磁场方向一致情况下,永磁体磁场才能与励磁磁场共同对外界产生并联的作用。中国专利CN201310584450.5(戴珊珊)公开了在单体铁芯中嵌入一个永磁体或两个永磁体。当激励线圈中输入交变激励电流,若在单体铁芯中嵌入一个永磁体,只能在某方向激励电流激励条件下产生复合励磁磁场,无法在单体铁芯的磁极端面处获得磁场强度相同的交变磁场。若在单体铁芯嵌入两个磁极方向相反的永磁体,当激励线圈中输入交变激励电流,两个永磁体与励磁磁场之间的磁路干涉则会部分的降低励磁与永磁复合效率,从而降低了永磁体磁场对复合励磁磁势的贡献。
发明内容
本发明目的是,通过对铁芯结构做适当合理的设计,提供一种能产生交变复合磁场的复合励磁组件,并且将此种能产生交变磁场的复合励磁组件应用到旋转电动机、直线电动机以及交流变压器。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是,提供一种交变复合励磁组件,其特征在于:所述交变复合励磁组件由偶数层铁芯及若干磁隔离层构成,磁隔离层设置于各层铁芯之间,偶数层铁芯与磁隔离层形成闭环形状或开环形状,每一层铁芯均开有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯的缺口处均镶嵌有永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且使永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,同一组激励线圈围绕于各层铁芯的***。
在上述交变复合励磁组件技术方案中,所述交变复合励磁组件由一组激励线圈和偶数个开环的C形或U形或V形铁芯层构成,各层铁芯层之间设置有磁隔离层,每一层铁芯有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯缺口处镶嵌有永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且使永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,同一组激励线圈围绕于各层铁芯铁芯的***。
在上述交变复合励磁组件技术方案中,所述交变复合励磁组件由一组激励线圈和偶数个闭环的铁芯层构成,各层铁芯层之间设置有闭环的磁隔离层,每一层铁芯有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯缺口处镶嵌有矩形永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯矩形缺口的两条对边,且使矩形永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,同一组激励线圈围绕于各层铁芯铁芯的***。
上述交变复合励磁组件技术方案中,虽然铁芯的形状各有不同,但基本特征和工作原理是大致相同的。将单一铁芯设计为偶数个铁芯层结构,且各层之间磁隔离,这样,当激励线圈中输入正向电流时,奇数层铁芯的磁凸极端处,会产生复合励磁磁势,当激励线圈中输入反向电流时,偶数层铁芯的磁凸极端处会产生复合励磁磁势,当正反向激励电流强度相等,在偶数个铁芯磁凸极端处的交变磁场方向相反,但强度相等。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种交变复合励磁旋转电机,其构成包括有转子和定子,其特征在于:所述定子由定子座和若干个交变复合励磁组件构成,所述若干个交变复合励磁组件呈环状、均衡、对称地设置在定子座上,各个交变复合励磁组件彼此之间呈磁隔离,所述交变复合励磁组件的铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个缺口,两个缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性是同方向的,不同层之间的C形铁芯缺口中所镶嵌的永磁体磁极性方向则是相反的;所述转子由转轴、圆形支架和若干永磁体单元构成,转轴与支架固定,若干永磁体单元设置在圆形支架上,相邻两个永磁体单元之间存在缝隙,且相邻
两个永磁体单元的磁极性相异,转子转动,圆形支架上每个永磁体单元的两个永磁磁极面均能从定子座上所有交变复合励磁组件C形铁芯的两个磁极端面之间重合掠过,且永磁体单元永磁磁极端面与C形铁芯磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
在上述交变复合励磁旋转电机技术方案中,所述转子由转轴、圆形支架、永磁体单元和导磁体单元构成,转轴与支架固定,永磁体单元与导磁体单元相间均衡地设置在圆形支架上,且导磁体单元与其相邻的永磁体单元之间存在缝隙,相邻两个永磁体单元的磁极性方向相异,转子转动,圆形支架上每个永磁体单元的两个永磁磁极面以及每个导磁体单元的两个导磁端面均能从定子座上所有交变复合励磁组件C形铁芯的两个磁极端面之间重合掠过,且永磁体单元永磁磁极端面及导磁体单元导磁端面与C形铁芯磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
为实现上述目的,提供了一种交变复合励磁直线电机,其构成包括有动件和定件,其特征在于:所述定件由定件座和若干交变复合励磁组件构成,若干交变复合励磁组件按设定等间距的固定于定件座的槽口内,所述交变复合励磁组件铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个矩形缺口,两个缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性方向是同向的,不同层之间的C形铁芯缺口中所镶嵌的永磁体磁极性方向则是相反的,所述动件由动件座与若干永磁体构成,若干永磁体按设定等间距的镶嵌在动件座的槽口内,且相邻两个永磁体磁极性相异,永磁体的两个永磁体磁极端面垂直于动件往复运动方向的定件座纵轴线,即各个永磁体的两个极性端面与各个C形交变复合励磁组件铁芯的两个磁极端面平行相对,动件沿定件纵轴线作运动时,定件座上每个C形交变复合励磁组件的磁极端面垂直中心线分别与动件座上每个永磁体的永磁磁极端面垂直中心线逐个依次重合,C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面与永磁磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
在上述交变复合励磁直线电机技术方案中,所述动件由动件座和若干永磁体和若干导磁体构成,永磁体与导磁体按设定相间地镶嵌在动件座的槽口内,永磁体永磁磁极端面和导磁体导磁端面垂直于定件座的纵轴线,且相邻两个永磁体的磁极性相异。
为实现上述目的,还提供了另一种交变复合励磁直线电机,其构成包括有动件和定件,其特征在于:所述定件由定件座和若干永磁体构成,若干永磁体按设定等间距的镶嵌在定件座的槽口内,且相邻两个永磁体的磁极性方向相异,永磁体磁极端面朝向动件座移动方向纵轴线的垂直方向;所述动件由动件座和若干交变复合励磁组件构成,若干交变复合励磁组件按设定等间距的固定于动件座的槽口内;所述交变复合励磁组件的铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个矩形缺口,两个矩形缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性是同方向的,不同层之间的C形铁芯缺口中所镶嵌的永磁体磁极性方向则是相反的;
所述定件座上各个永磁体的磁极端面与所述动件座各个C形交变复合励磁铁芯的两个磁极端面平行相对,且各个C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面与各个永磁体磁极端面之间存在气隙;当动件沿定件纵轴线作直线运动时,动件上每一个C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面的垂直中心线依次分别与定件座上每一个永磁体磁极端面的垂直中心线逐个重合。
在上述交变复合励磁直线电机技术方案中,所述定件由定件座和若干永磁体和若干导磁体构成,永磁体与导磁体按设定相间地镶嵌在定件座的槽口内,永磁体磁极端面和导磁体导磁端面垂直于定件座的纵轴线,且相邻两个永磁体的磁极性相异。
为实现上述目的,本发明还提供了一种交变复合励磁变压器,其特征在于:其构成包括有交变复合励磁组件和输入线圈及输出线圈,所述交变复合励磁组件由偶数个闭环的铁芯层构成,各层铁芯层之间设置有闭环的磁隔离层,每一层铁芯有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯缺口处镶嵌有永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,输入线圈和输出线圈围绕于交变复合励磁组件的各层闭环铁芯***。
本发明的优点,
1、解决了在交变复合励磁组件磁凸极处获得磁场方向相反、磁场强度相等的交变复合励磁磁场难题。
2、为将永磁体的磁能积有效的叠加到励磁磁势中,提高电磁能效提供了可行技术方案。
3、将本发明能产生交变复合磁场的交变复合励磁组件应用到旋转电机和直线电机中,简化了电机结构,大大提高了电机的扭矩,保证了电机扭矩的一致性,电机的操控性能转矩
稳定性也得到显著提高。
4、电机转子采用永磁体与导磁体相间设置的结构,提高了此电机运转的平稳性,也可以节省永磁材料,降低电机制造成本节省能源。
5、将本发明能产生交变磁场的复合励磁闭环组件应用到变压器中,形成了一种新型的交流增益变压器,可弥补变压器自身的损耗,提高能效。
图1是能产生交变磁场的交变复合励磁组件的结构展开示意图,铁芯为双层开环C形。
图2是当励磁线圈通入反向电流时,外层铁芯中形成的复合励磁磁极性。
图3是当励磁线圈通入正向电流时,外层铁芯中形成的励磁磁极性。(此时,永磁体永磁磁势不对外层铁芯的磁极端面的磁势做贡献)
图4是当励磁线圈无电流通入时,外层铁芯无磁势。
图5是当励磁线圈通入反向电流时,内层铁芯中形成的复合励磁磁极性。
图6是当励磁线圈通入正向电流时,内层铁芯中形成的励磁磁极性。(此时,永磁体永磁磁势不对外层铁芯的磁极端面的磁势做贡献)
图7是当励磁线圈无电流通入时,内层铁芯无磁势。
图8是本发明实施例二,内转子复合励磁电动机结构示意图。
图9是本发明实施例三,内转子永磁体之间增加导磁体的复合励磁电动机结构示意图。
图10是本发明实施例四,交变复合励磁直线电动机结构组装示意图。
图11是本发明实施例四,交变复合励磁直线电动机特征位置一示意图。
图12是本发明实施例四,交变复合励磁直线电动机特征位置二示意图。
图13是本发明实施例四,交变复合励磁直线电动机特征位置三示意图。
图14是本发明实施例五,交变复合励磁直线电动机结构组装示意图。
图15是本发明实施例五,交变复合励磁直线电动机特征位置一示意图。
图16是本发明实施例五,交变复合励磁直线电动机特征位置二示意图。
图17是本发明实施例五,交变复合励磁直线电动机特征位置三示意图。
图18是本发明实施例六,动件上镶嵌永磁体和导磁体的复合励磁直线电动机的结构示意图。
图19图18是本发明实施例七,定件上镶嵌永磁体和导磁体的复合励磁直线电动机的结构示意图。
图20是本发明实施例八,能产生交变磁场的交变复合励磁组件的结构展开示意图,铁芯为双层闭环矩形。
图21是本发明实施例八,能产生交变磁场的交变复合励磁组件的结构外形示意图,铁芯为双层闭环矩形。
图22是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的剖面图,初级线圈通入正向电流状态。
图23是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的结构外形图,初级线圈通入正向电流状态。
图24是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的另一个角度的结构外形图,初级线圈通入正向电流状态。
图25是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的剖面图,初级线圈无电流通入状态。
图26是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的结构外形图,初级线圈无电流通入状态。
图27是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的另一个角度的结构外形图,初级线圈无电流通入状态。
图28是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的剖面图,初级线圈通入反向电流状态。
图29是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的结构外形图,初级线圈通入反向电流状态。
图30是本发明实施例八,闭环双层铁芯组件的另一个角度的结构外形图,初级线圈通入反向电流状态。
以上附图中,1是C形外层铁芯,2是永磁体(上方为N极),3是永磁体(上方为N极),4是永磁体侧面与外层铁芯缺口之间的空隙,5是磁隔离层,6是C形内层铁芯,7是永磁体(上方为S极),8是永磁体(上方为S极)9是永磁体侧面与内层铁芯缺口之间的空隙,10是励磁线圈,11是励磁线圈通入反向激励电流时,在外层铁芯内形成的励磁磁力线,
12是励磁线圈通入反向激励电流时,在外层铁芯内形成的、被激励电流打开的永磁磁力线,13是励磁线圈通入正向激励电流,在外层铁芯内形成的励磁磁力线,14是励磁线圈通入正向激励电流时,永磁体在外层铁芯与永磁体之间的空隙周围形成的永磁磁力线,15是励磁线圈无激励电流情况下,永磁体在外层铁芯与永磁体之间的空隙周围形成的永磁磁力线,16是励磁线圈通入反向激励电流时,在内层铁芯内形成的励磁磁力线,17是励磁线圈通入反向激励电流时,永磁体在外层铁芯与永磁体之间的空隙周围形成的永磁磁力线,18是励磁线圈通入正向激励电流,在内层铁芯内形成的励磁磁力线,19是励磁线圈通入正向激励电流时,在内层铁芯内形成的、被激励电流打开的永磁磁力线,20是励磁线圈无激励电流情况下,永磁体在内层铁芯与永磁体之间的空隙周围形成的永磁磁力线,21是圆形支架,22是转轴,23是固定于圆形支架上的永磁体,24是嵌入铁芯缺口中的永磁体,25是外层C形铁芯,26是磁隔离层,27是内层C形铁芯,28是励磁线圈,31是圆形支架,32是转轴,33是固定于圆形支架上的永磁体,34是嵌入铁芯缺口中的永磁体,35是外层C形铁芯,36是磁隔离层,37是内层C形铁芯,38是励磁线圈,39是导磁体,41是定件座,42是交变复合励磁组件,43是永磁体,44是动件座,51是动件座,52是交变复合励磁组件,53是永磁体,54是定件座,61是定件座,62是交变复合励磁组件,63是永磁体、64是动件座,65是导磁体,71是动件座,72是交变复合励磁组件,73是永磁体,74是定件座,75是导磁体,81是初级线圈,82是次级线圈,83是闭环状外层铁芯,84是闭环状内层铁芯,85是闭环状磁隔离层,86是嵌入内层铁芯缺口中的永磁体,87是嵌入外层铁芯缺口中的永磁体,88是嵌入铁芯缺口中的永磁体侧面与铁芯之间的空隙,91是初级线圈,92是次级线圈,93是初级线圈通入正向电流时,闭环铁芯内层的复合励磁磁力线,94是初级线圈通入正向电流时,闭环铁芯外层励磁磁力线,95是初级线圈通入正反电流时,闭环铁芯外层永磁体形成的磁力线,96是初级线圈通入正向电流时,闭环铁芯内层复合励磁磁力线,97是初级线圈通入正向电流时,闭环铁芯外层励磁磁力线,98是初级线圈无电流通入时,闭环铁芯内层永磁体形成的磁力线,99是初级线圈无电流通入时,闭环铁芯外层永磁体形成的磁力线,100是初级线圈通入反向电流时,闭环铁芯内层永磁体形成的磁力线,101是初级线圈通入反向电流时,闭环铁芯内层励磁磁力线,102是初级线圈通入反向电流时,闭环铁芯外层永磁体形成的复合励磁磁力线,103是初级线圈通入反向电流时,闭环铁芯内层励磁磁力线,104是初级线圈通入反向电流时,闭环铁芯外层的复合励磁磁力线。
实施例一
本实施例为一种采用双层C形铁芯的交变复合励磁组件。
附图1给出了本实施例双层C形铁芯交变复合励磁组件结构展开示意图。
本实施例中,C型铁芯分为内、外两层,外层铁芯1和内层铁芯6,在两层铁芯之间设有一个磁隔离层5;外层铁芯1上各开有两个缺口,分别嵌入永磁体2和永磁体3,永磁体2和永磁体3的磁极性方向相同,即,上方为N极,下方为S极,永磁体2和永磁体3的侧面与外层铁芯1之间设置有空隙4,内层铁芯6上各开有两个缺口,分别嵌入永磁体7和永磁体8,而内层永磁体7和永磁体8的磁极性方向相同,即,上方为S极,下方为N极,永磁体7和永磁体8的侧面与内层铁芯6之间设置有空隙,外层铁芯1的永磁体2和永磁体3的磁极性方向与内层铁芯6的永磁体7和永磁体8的磁极性方向相反,同一组励磁绕组绕在双层C形铁芯的***,构成一个能产生交变磁场的交变复合励磁组件。内外两层闭合磁路之间的磁阻应远大于内外各层内部闭合磁回路中磁源之间的磁阻,内外层均由电励磁源和永磁磁源组成的一个多磁源多支路的复杂闭合磁回路。
本实施例双层C形交变复合励磁组件能产生交变磁场的工作原理如下:
第一、当励磁绕组10中通入反向电流时,即在外层铁芯(如附图2所示)开环处的上磁极端面形成S极,在外层铁芯开环处的下磁极端面形成N极,在外层铁芯中,由于励磁方向与永磁磁场方向相同,既有因励磁线圈激励而产生的励磁磁力线11,也有永磁体2和永磁体3在励磁线圈激励电流作用下形成的永磁磁力线12;与此同时,当励磁绕组10中通入反向电流,在内层铁芯(如附图5所示),的上磁极端面也形成S极,在内层铁芯的下磁极端面也形成N极。但由于内层铁芯所镶嵌永磁体7和永磁体8的永磁磁场方向与励磁绕组10所形成的励磁磁场方向相反,故内层铁芯所镶嵌永磁体7和永磁体8保持原有通过最近铁芯磁路形成闭合的永磁磁回路14,这样,在内层铁芯气隙内,只产生因励磁线圈激励而
形成的励磁磁力线16。
第二、当励磁绕组10中通入正向电流时,外层铁芯(如附图3所示)和内层铁芯(如附图6所示)各自开环处的磁极端面的磁极性也发生翻转改变,上磁极端面形成N极,下磁极端面形成S极,外层铁芯中只形成因励磁线圈激励而产生的励磁磁力线13,而内层铁芯中既形成励磁磁力线18,也形成了永磁磁力线19,这样,在内层铁芯上下磁极端面处形成了励磁和永磁叠加的复合磁势,而外层铁芯上下磁极端面间形成的磁势仅为励磁磁势。
第三、当励磁绕组中无电流通入时,如附图4所示,外层铁芯嵌入的永磁体围绕着空隙形成闭合的磁回路15,如附图7所示,内层铁芯嵌入的永磁体围绕着空隙形成闭合的磁回路20,这样,外层铁芯和内层铁芯的磁极端面均无磁势。
第四、当向励磁绕组通入正反向交变激励电流,就会在双层铁芯的磁极端面中产生与激励电流变化频率相同步的N.S极***变的交流复合励磁磁场。
本实施例能产生复合交变磁场,且复合交变磁场的变化随励磁线圈激励电流方向的变化而改变,这一特性,为其在旋转电机、直线电机以及变压器的应用开辟了新途径,可全面提升旋转电机、直线电机以及变压器的能效及操控性。
实施例二
本实施例为交变复合励磁组件在开关磁阻旋转电机中的应用。本实施例电机结构如附图8所示。
十个C形交变复合励磁组件呈环状、均衡、对称地设置在定子座上,各个交变复合励磁组件彼此之间呈磁隔离,圆形支架21,转轴22,十六个永磁体23共同构成转子。
十个C形交变复合励磁组件的结构如附图1至附图7所示,C形交变复合励磁组件的铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个矩形缺口,两个矩形缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性是同向的,不同层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体磁极性则是相反的,其工作原理参见实施例一。
十六个永磁体23镶嵌于圆形支架21,相邻两个永磁体之间存在缝隙,永磁体的磁极性指向电机的径向,相邻两个永磁体的磁极性是相异的。
转子转动,圆形支架上每个永磁体两个永磁磁极面均能从定子座上所有交变复合励磁组件C形铁芯的两个磁极端面之间掠过,且永磁体单元永磁磁极端面与C形铁芯磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
由于定子上交变复合励磁组件是彼此磁隔离的,因而可以独立进行电流方向和大小的控制,这部分功能由激励电源控制电路来实现。
本实施例电机的控制原理是根据每一个C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面与永磁体磁极端的相对位置,由激励控制电流来控制输入至C形交变复合励磁组件的激励电流方向,达到获得正扭矩、避免负扭矩的目的,具体控制过程如下:
当电机定子上某个C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面正对电机转子上某个永磁体磁极端面时,即当该C形交变复合励磁组件的磁极端面径向中心线与永磁体磁极端面径向中心线重合后离开一定角度时,(所谓C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面“径向中心线”是指从电机转动轴圆心出发,穿过定子C形交变复合励磁组件圆弧磁极端面几何中心点的射线,所谓永磁体磁极端面“径向中心线”是指从电机转动轴圆心出发,穿过转子永磁体圆弧磁极端面几何中心点的射线)激励电源控制电路随即改变该C形交变复合励磁组件激励电流方向,即由正向激励电流经零电流变化为反向激励电流,或由反向激励电流经零电流变化为正向激励电流。激励电流方向改变后,该C形交变复合励磁组件与其正对的永磁体之间即开始形成了磁作用力方向与转子正扭矩方向相同的磁排斥力。
当电机定子上某个交变复合励磁组件的磁极端面径向中心线与电机转子上某个永磁体磁极端面径向中心线不重合时,即当C形交变复合励磁组件的磁极端面错开永磁体磁极端面,此刻激励控制电源输入该C形交变复合励磁组件激励电流的方向,使得该C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面的磁极性与转子旋转去向的最邻近永磁体磁极性相同,形成同性相斥的正扭矩,而该C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面的磁极性与转子旋转来向的最邻近永磁体磁极性相异,形成异性相吸的正扭矩。
从定子上的单个C形交变复合励磁组件来看,输入某方向激励电流的持续时长,会明显多于该C形交变复合励磁组件因改变激励电流方向所耗费的时长,从定子上的所有C形交变
复合励磁组件来看,处在有激励电流输入状态的交变复合励磁组件的个数也会多于处在激励电流为零状态的交变复合励磁组件的个数,综合上述两种因素,就使得在电机转子能获得持续的正扭矩作用力。
本实施例中交变复合励磁组件额外增加了镶嵌在双层铁芯中的永磁体,永磁体在励磁线圈激励电流的激励之下,部分永磁体的磁能势会叠加到励磁磁能势中,从而提升了该电机的能效和转矩。
实施例三
本实施例为交变复合励磁组件在开关磁阻旋转电机中的另一种应用形式。本实施例电机结构如附图9所示。
六个C形交变复合励磁组件呈环状、均衡、对称地设置在定子座上,各个交变复合励磁组件彼此之间呈磁隔离,圆形支架31,转轴32,四永磁体33和四个导磁体39共同构成转子。
六个C形交变复合励磁组件的结构如附图1至附图7所示,其工作原理参见实施例一。
四个永磁体33与四个导磁体39相间地镶嵌于圆形支架31,相邻永磁体与导磁体之间存在缝隙,永磁体的磁极性指向电机的径向,相邻两个永磁体的磁极性是相异的。
转子转动,圆形支架上每个永磁体两个永磁磁极面以及每个导磁体两个导磁端面均能从定子座上所有六个交变复合励磁组件C形铁芯的两个磁极端面之间掠过,且永磁体磁极端面、导磁体导磁端面与C形铁芯磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
由于定子上交变复合励磁组件是彼此磁隔离的,因而可以独立进行电流方向和大小的控制,这部分功能由激励电源控制电路来实现。
本实施例电机的控制原理和方法同实施例二,在此不重复。
本实施例的关键特征是,在转子圆形支架31上增加了导磁体39。导磁体39与交变复合励磁组件相互作用,一方面降低了由于交变复合励磁组件激励线圈中电流换向所形成的反向磁场对转子上永磁体材料磁性能的不利影响,另一方面导磁体为交变复合励磁组件提供了磁回路,因而导磁体也参与了电机旋转力矩作功,进一步提高了电机整机转矩,或在相同转矩输出的情况下减少了永磁体的用量,降低了成本,同时也减少了激励电源换向的频率。
实施例四
本实施例为双层能产生复合交变磁场的交变复合励磁组件在直线电机中的应用。
本实施例直线电机的结构如附图10所示。
本实施例中,定件由定件座41和若干交变复合励磁组件42构成,若干交变复合励磁组件按设定等间距的固定于定件座的槽口内,交变复合励磁组件铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个矩形缺口,两个矩形缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性是同向的,不同层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体磁极性则是相反的(参见附图1),本实施例动件由动件座44与八个永磁体43构成,八个永磁体按设定等间距的镶嵌在动件座的槽口内,所有永磁体的两个永磁磁极端面垂直于定件座的纵轴线,即永磁体磁极端面分别朝向定件座纵轴线的垂直方向,且相邻两个永磁体的磁极性方向相异,动件沿定件纵轴线作运动,定件座上每个C形交变复合励磁组件的磁极端面分别与动件座上每个永磁体的永磁磁极端面相对,C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面与永磁磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
本实施例动件沿定件纵轴线作直线运动时,动件相对于定件的三个特征位置特征如附图11-13所示。
附图11所示位置一,动件永磁体1和永磁体5的垂直中心线分别与定件交变复合励磁组件1和组件4的垂直中心线重合,此刻,组件1和组件4励磁线圈中的激励电流为零,组件1和组件4磁极端面没有磁极性,而此刻,其它组件,即组件2、组件3、组件5、组件6励磁线圈中各自输入不同方向激励电流,各组件激励电流的方向使得该组件磁极端面的磁极性与动件运动方向前面永磁体的磁极性相同、与动件运动方向后面的永磁体的磁极性相异,此刻,组件2排斥永磁体3、吸引永磁体2,组件3排斥永磁体4、吸引永磁体3,组件5排斥永磁体7、吸引永磁体6,组件6排斥永磁体8、吸引永磁体7。在此刻之后很短的时间间隔内,组件1和组件4励磁线圈中被重新输入激励电流,组件1重新输入激励电流方向,使得组件1磁极端面的磁极性与永磁体1的磁极性相同,组件1排斥永磁体1,进而推动动
件向右移动,而组件4重新输入的激励电流方向,使得组件4磁极端面的磁极性与永磁体5的磁极性相同,与永磁体4的磁极性相异,组件4排斥永磁体5的同时,吸引永磁体4。
附图12所示位置二,动件永磁体2和永磁体6的垂直中心线分别与定件交变复合励磁组件2和组件5的垂直中心线重合,此刻,组件2和组件5励磁线圈中的激励电流为零,组件2和组件5磁极端面没有磁极性,而此刻,其它组件,即组件1、组件3、组件4、组件6励磁线圈中各自输入不同方向激励电流,各组件激励电流的方向使得该组件磁极端面的磁极性动件运动方向前面永磁体的磁极性相同、与动件运动方向后面的永磁体的磁极性相异,组件1、组件3、组件4、组件6分别对动件上永磁体排斥、吸引。
附图13所示位置三,动件永磁体3和永磁体7的垂直中心线分别与定件交变复合励磁组件3和组件6的垂直中心线重合,此刻,组件3和组件6励磁线圈中的激励电流为零,组件3和组件6磁极端面没有磁极性,而此刻,其它组件,即组件2、组件4、组件5、组件7励磁线圈中各自输入不同方向激励电流,各组件激励电流的方向使得该组件磁极端面的磁极性与动件运动方向前面永磁体的磁极性相同、与动件运动方向后面的永磁体的磁极性相异,组件2、组件4、组件5、组件7分别对动件上永磁体排斥、吸引。此刻,组件1因为动件上永磁体的离去,其励磁线圈中的激励电流变为零。
从位置一到位置三,形成了本实施例直线电机的一个完整的驱动周期。由此可知,只要适时地在定位座上各组件中输入确定方向的激励控制电流,就能使动件沿着定件纵轴线方向作直线运动。
本实施例中,由于采用了交变复合励磁组件,镶嵌在双层铁芯中的永磁体的磁势也被有效地利用,使得本实施例直线电机的能效和加速性能有所提升。
实施例五
本实施例为双层能产生交变磁场的交变复合励磁组件在另一种直线电机中的应用。
本实施例直线电机的结构如附图14所示。
本实施例中,定件由定件座54和若干永磁体53构成,若干永磁体53按设定等间距的镶嵌在定件座54的槽口内,永磁体53的两个永磁磁极端面垂直于定件座53的纵轴线,即分别指向定件座纵轴线的垂直方向,且相邻两个永磁体53的磁极性相异;本实施例中,动件由动件座51和若干交变复合励磁组件52构成,若干交变复合励磁组件52按设定等间距的固定于动件座51的槽口内,交变复合励磁组件52的铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个矩形缺口,两个矩形缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性是同向的,不同层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体磁极性则是相反的(可参见附图1)。动件沿定件纵轴线作直线运动,每个C形交变复合励磁组件的磁极端面分别与定件座上每个永磁体的永磁磁极端面相对,C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面与永磁磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
本实施例动件沿定件纵轴线作直线运动时,动件相对于定件的三个特征位置特征如附图15-17所示。
附图15为位置一,动件上的组件1和组件4的垂直中心线分别与定件上的永磁体1和永磁体5的垂直中心线重合,此刻,组件1和组件4励磁线圈中的激励电流为零,组件1和组件4磁极端面没有磁极性,而此刻,组件2、组件3、组件5、组件6励磁线圈中各自输入不同方向激励电流,各组件激励电流的方向使得该组件磁极端面的磁极性与动件运动方向前面永磁体的磁极性相异、与动件运动方向后面的永磁体的磁极性相同,组件2、组件3、组件5、组件6分别排斥、吸引各组件周围的永磁体,进而获得反作用力,而使动件沿定件纵轴方向运动。
附图16为位置二,动件上的组件3和组件6的垂直中心线分别与定件上的永磁体4和永磁体8的垂直中心线重合,此刻,组件3和组件6励磁线圈中的激励电流为零,组件3和组件6磁极端面没有磁极性,而此刻,组件1、组件2、组件4、组件5励磁线圈中各自输入不同方向激励电流,各组件激励电流的方向使得该组件磁极端面的磁极性与动件运动方向前面永磁体的磁极性相异、与动件运动方向后面的永磁体的磁极性相同,组件1、组件2、组件4、组件5分别排斥、吸引各组件周围的永磁体,进而获得反作用力,而使动件沿定件纵轴方向运动。
附图17为位置三,动件上组件2和组件5的垂直中心线分别与定件永磁体3和永磁体
7的垂直中心线重合,此刻,组件2和组件5励磁线圈中的激励电流为零,组件2和组件5磁极端面没有磁极性,而此刻,组件1、组件3、组件4、组件6励磁线圈中各自输入不同方向激励电流,各组件激励电流的方向使得该组件磁极端面的磁极性与动件运动方向前面永磁体的磁极性相异、与动件运动方向后面的永磁体的磁极性相同,组件1、组件3、组件4、组件6分别排斥、吸引各组件周围的永磁体,进而获得反作用力,而使动件沿定件纵轴方向运动。
附图15-17给出了本实施例直线电机运动的三个特征位置。由此可知,只要适时地在动件座上各组件中输入确定方向的激励控制电流,就能使动件沿着定件纵轴线方向作直线运动。
实施例六
本实施例是实施例四的改进型,参见附图18,本实施例在动件座64各永磁体63之间添加了导磁体65。
本实施例驱动原理和机制如实施例四,在此不重复描述。
本实施例直线电机运动过程中,动件座64上的各导磁体65能与交变复合励磁组件62相互作用,一方面能降低由于定件座61上交变复合励磁组件激励线圈中电流换向所形成的反向磁场对动件上永磁体材料磁性能的不利影响,另一方面导磁体也为定件上交变复合励磁组件提供了磁回路,因而导磁体也参与了电机旋转力矩作功,进一步提高了电机整机转矩,或在相同转矩输出的情况下减少了永磁体的用量,降低了成本,同时也减少了激励电源换向的频率。
实施例七
本实施例是实施例五的改进型,参见附图19,本实施例在定件座各永磁体之间添加了导磁体。
本实施例驱动原理和机制如实施例五,在此不重复描述。
本实施例直线电机运动过程中,定件座74上的各导磁体75能与动件座71上交变复合励磁组件72相互作用,一方面能降低由于动件上交变复合励磁组件激励线圈中电流换向所形成的反向磁场对动件上永磁体73材料磁性能的不利影响,另一方面导磁体也为动件上交变复合励磁组件提供了磁回路,因而导磁体也参与了电机旋转力矩作功,进一步提高了电机整机转矩,或在相同转矩输出的情况下减少了永磁体的用量,降低了成本,同时也减少了激励电源换向的频率。
实施例八
本实施例是交变复合励磁组件在变压器中的应用。
本实施例结构如附图20和附图21所示。
本实施例中,交变复合励磁组件铁芯为双层矩形闭环铁芯,外层铁芯83与内层84之间设置有闭环的矩形磁隔离层85,每一层铁芯有两个矩形缺口,外层铁芯83矩形缺口处镶嵌有矩形永磁体87,内层铁芯84矩形缺口处镶嵌有矩形永磁体86,矩形永磁体87的N极磁极面紧贴于外层铁芯83矩形缺口的上边、S极磁极面紧贴于外层铁芯83矩形缺口的下边,且使矩形永磁体87的一个侧面与铁芯矩形缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,同样的,矩形永磁体86的N极磁极面紧贴于内层铁芯84的矩形缺口下边、S极磁面紧贴于内层铁芯84的矩形缺口的上边,输入线圈81和输出线圈82围绕于交变复合励磁组件的各层闭环铁芯。
本实施例变压器初级线圈中通入不同方向电流或无电流通入状况的示意图如附图22至附图30。
附图22表示,初级线圈91中通入正向电流,附图23表示,内层铁芯中形成复合励磁磁力线93,而在外层铁芯中只形成励磁磁力线94,附图24表示,外层铁芯中的永磁体的磁力线95没有叠加到外层的励磁磁力线97中,内层铁芯磁力线96为复合励磁磁力线,是内层铁芯所镶嵌永磁体的永磁磁力线与内层铁芯受初级线圈电流激励形成励磁磁力线的汇合。
附图25表示,初级线圈91和次级线圈92均无电流,附图26表示,内层铁芯中无励磁磁力线形成,只存在闭环的永磁磁力线98,附图27表示,外层铁芯中无励磁磁力线形成,只存在闭环的永磁磁力线99。
附图28表示,初级线圈91中通入反向电流,附图29表示,内层铁芯永磁体磁力线100、内层铁芯中励磁磁力线101,外层铁芯中复合励磁磁力线102,附图30表示,内层铁芯励磁磁力线103,外层铁芯中复合励磁磁力线104。
若在本实施例的初级线圈91中输入交变电流,即会在次级线圈92中产生感生出电压不同、频率变化相同的交变电流。由于设置在双层闭环铁芯中永磁体磁极性方向不同,故不论输入线圈91输入的交变电流方向,总会有永磁体磁通与励磁磁通相叠加复合切割次级绕组92,进而在次级线圈92上能感生出由复合磁通形成的电动势,进而成为一种具有增益功能的变压器,可以此来弥补变压器无法避免的自身损耗,提高变压器的能效。
Claims (10)
- 一种交变复合励磁组件,其特征在于:所述交变复合励磁组件由偶数层铁芯及若干磁隔离层构成,磁隔离层设置于各层铁芯之间,偶数层铁芯与磁隔离层形成闭环形状或开环形状,每一层铁芯均开有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯的缺口处均镶嵌有永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且使永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,同一组激励线圈围绕于各层铁芯的***。
- 根据权利要求1所述的交变复合励磁组件,其特征在于:所述交变复合励磁组件由一组激励线圈和偶数个开环的C形或U形或V形铁芯层构成,各层铁芯层之间设置有磁隔离层,每一层铁芯有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯缺口处镶嵌有永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且使永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,同一组激励线圈围绕于各层铁芯铁芯的***。
- 根据权利要求1所述的交变复合励磁组件,其特征在于:所述交变复合励磁组件由一组激励线圈和偶数个闭环的铁芯层构成,各层铁芯层之间设置有闭环的磁隔离层,每一层铁芯有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯缺口处镶嵌有永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且使永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,同一组激励线圈围绕于各层铁芯铁芯的***。
- 一种交变复合励磁旋转电机,其构成包括有转子和定子,其特征在于:所述定子由定子座和若干个交变复合励磁组件构成,所述若干个交变复合励磁组件呈环状、均衡、对称地设置在定子座上,各个交变复合励磁组件彼此之间呈磁隔离,所述交变复合励磁组件的铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个缺口,两个缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性是同方向的,不同层之间的C形铁芯缺口中所镶嵌的永磁体磁极性方向则是相反的;所述转子由转轴、圆形支架和若干永磁体单元构成,转轴与支架固定,若干永磁体单元设置在圆形支架上,相邻两个永磁体单元之间存在缝隙,且相邻两个永磁体单元的磁极性相异,转子转动,圆形支架上每个永磁体单元的两个永磁磁极面均能从定子座上所有交变复合励磁组件C形铁芯的两个磁极端面之间重合掠过,且永磁体单元永磁磁极端面与C形铁芯磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
- 根据权利要求4所述的交变复合励磁旋转电机,其特征在于:所述转子由转轴、圆形支架、永磁体单元和导磁体单元构成,转轴与支架固定,永磁体单元与导磁体单元相间均衡地设置在圆形支架上,且导磁体单元与其相邻的永磁体单元之间存在缝隙,相邻两个永磁体单元的磁极性方向相异,转子转动,圆形支架上每个永磁体单元的两个永磁磁极面以及每个导磁体单元的两个导磁端面均能从定子座上所有交变复合励磁组件C形铁芯的两个磁极端面之间重合掠过,且永磁体单元永磁磁极端面及导磁体单元导磁端面与C形铁芯磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
- 一种交变复合励磁直线电机,其构成包括有动件和定件,其特征在于:所述定件由定件座和若干交变复合励磁组件构成,若干交变复合励磁组件按设定等间距的固定于定件座的槽口内,所述交变复合励磁组件铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个矩形缺口,两个缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性方向是同向的,不同层之间的C形铁芯缺口中所镶嵌的永磁体磁极性方向则是相反的,所述动件由动件座与若干永磁体构成,若干永磁体按设定等间距的镶嵌在动件座的槽口内,且相邻两个永磁体磁极性相异,永磁体的两个永磁体磁极端面垂直于动件往复运动方向的定件座纵轴线,即各个永磁体的两个极性端面与各个C形交变复合励磁组件铁芯的两个磁极端面平行相对,动件沿定件纵轴线作运动时,定件座上每个C形交变复合励磁组件的磁极端面垂直中心线分别与动件座上每个永磁体的永磁磁极端面垂直中心线逐个依次重合,C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面与永磁磁极端面之间存在着气隙。
- 根据权利要求6所述的交变复合励磁直线电机,其特征在于:所述动件由动件座和若干永磁体和若干导磁体构成,永磁体与导磁体按设定相间地镶嵌在动件座的槽口内,永磁体永磁磁极端面和导磁体导磁端面垂直于定件座的纵轴线,且相邻两个永磁体的磁极性相异。
- 一种交变复合励磁直线电机,其构成包括有动件和定件,其特征在于:所述定件由定件座和若干永磁体构成,若干永磁体按设定等间距的镶嵌在定件座的槽口内,且相邻两个永磁体的磁极性方向相异,永磁体磁极端面朝向动件座移动方向纵轴线的垂直方向;所述动件由动件座和若干交变复合励磁组件构成,若干交变复合励磁组件按设定等间距的固定于动件座的槽口内;所述交变复合励磁组件的铁芯为双层C形,两层C形铁芯之间设置有C形磁隔离层,每层C形铁芯靠近开环处设置有两个矩形缺口,两个矩形缺口中分别镶嵌有两个永磁体,同一层C形铁芯两个矩形缺口中所镶嵌的两个永磁体的磁极性是同方向的,不同层之间的C形铁芯缺口中所镶嵌的永磁体磁极性方向则是相反的;所述定件座上各个永磁体的磁极端面与所述动件座各个C形交变复合励磁铁芯的两个磁极端面平行相对,且各个C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面与各个永磁体磁极端面之间存在气隙;当动件沿定件纵轴线作直线运动时,动件上每一个C形交变复合励磁组件磁极端面的垂直中心线依次分别与定件座上每一个永磁体磁极端面的垂直中心线逐个重合。
- 根据权利要求8所述的复合励磁直线电机,其特征在于:所述定件由定件座和若干永磁体和若干导磁体构成,永磁体与导磁体按设定相间地镶嵌在定件座的槽口内,永磁体磁极端面和导磁体导磁端面垂直于定件座的纵轴线,且相邻两个永磁体的磁极性相异。
- 一种交变复合励磁变压器,其特征在于:其构成包括有交变复合励磁组件和输入线圈及输出线圈,所述交变复合励磁组件由偶数个闭环的铁芯层构成,各层铁芯层之间设置有闭环的磁隔离层,每一层铁芯有一个或两个缺口,每一层铁芯缺口处镶嵌有永磁体,永磁体的两磁极面紧贴铁芯缺口的两条对边,且永磁体的一个侧面与铁芯缺口的侧边之间留有空隙,此外,相邻两层铁芯缺口处所镶嵌永磁体的磁极性方向相反,输入线圈和输出线圈围绕于交变复合励磁组件的各层闭环铁芯***。
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US11062840B2 (en) | 2021-07-13 |
EP3343733A1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
KR20180043812A (ko) | 2018-04-30 |
EP3343733A4 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
KR102054088B1 (ko) | 2019-12-09 |
US20190156992A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
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