WO2017036274A1 - 一种高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔 - Google Patents

一种高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017036274A1
WO2017036274A1 PCT/CN2016/093907 CN2016093907W WO2017036274A1 WO 2017036274 A1 WO2017036274 A1 WO 2017036274A1 CN 2016093907 W CN2016093907 W CN 2016093907W WO 2017036274 A1 WO2017036274 A1 WO 2017036274A1
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Prior art keywords
converter valve
water pipe
metal
shield
tower
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PCT/CN2016/093907
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English (en)
French (fr)
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高冲
杨俊�
魏晓光
刘杰
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全球能源互联网研究院
国家电网公司
国网浙江省电力公司
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Publication of WO2017036274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017036274A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
    • H05K7/1422—Printed circuit boards receptacles, e.g. stacked structures, electronic circuit modules or box like frames
    • H05K7/1427—Housings
    • H05K7/1432—Housings specially adapted for power drive units or power converters
    • H05K7/14339—Housings specially adapted for power drive units or power converters specially adapted for high voltage operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve tower, in particular to a folding single-row valve tower of a high-voltage direct current transmission converter valve.
  • HVDC transmission technology is widely used due to its economic advantages in long-distance transmission of electric energy and the technical advantages of enhancing grid stability.
  • the HVDC converter valve is the core equipment of the HVDC transmission system and is the key to ensure the reliable operation of the system. Due to the continuous improvement of the transmission capacity of the HVDC transmission line, the maximum rated DC voltage and DC current of the DC transmission converter valve are 1100kV and 6250A, respectively. The large increase in voltage and current has brought great challenges to the design of DC transmission converter valves, among which the design of the converter valve is particularly prominent.
  • the structural design of the converter valve is based on electrical design. It is necessary to consider the overvoltage insulation coordination between components, reliable mechanical strength, good heat dissipation and rational layout of key components, and operability of electrical wiring between components. And reliability, while considering fire protection design and EMC requirements.
  • HVDC High-Voltage Direct Current
  • Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the two types of structures, single-row valve tower and double-row valve tower, which are commonly used in current DC transmission projects.
  • the main water pipe between the layers of the converter valve is connected between the two layers of the valve tower, and the two ends of the converter are to withstand the interlayer voltage of the converter valve.
  • the voltage increase will cause the leakage current in the interlayer water pipe to increase, and the influence layer
  • the static distribution of the voltage creates electrical corrosion in the metal joint portion of the water pipe, which reduces the reliability and life of the valve tower.
  • the shunt valve shielding system's capacitive shunting results in uneven voltage distribution between the converter valve layers, and the increase in valve tower size and series number increases the degree of non-uniformity.
  • the voltage equalization capacitor must be connected in parallel to balance the voltage distribution.
  • the interlayer busbar functioning as an electrical connection in the valve tower of the converter valve has a certain inductance
  • a high-frequency surge voltage such as a lightning wave
  • high-frequency oscillation occurs between the voltage-inductance of the part of the inductor and the component.
  • This causes high-frequency oscillating voltage to be generated across the thyristor element in the converter valve, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the peak value of the oscillating voltage and the high rate of voltage change are very unfavorable for the thyristor. In severe cases, the thyristors can be destroyed and the converter station is shut down. Therefore, special measures must be taken to avoid oscillations.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a single-column valve tower for a high-voltage direct current transmission converter valve.
  • a single-column valve tower of a high-voltage direct current transmission converter valve comprising a horizontally disposed top shield cover, a bottom shield cover, and a bottom shield cover disposed between the top shield cover and the bottom shield cover a converter valve, the converter valve being connected to the top shield and the bottom shield by a suspension insulator, the converter valve being folded in a vertical direction by a converter valve module inclined at an angle to a horizontal direction
  • the form of the ruler is connected in series.
  • the converter valve module includes a stabilizing frame and a branch water pipe, a main water pipe, a trigger plate, a thyristor (TCA), a damping capacitor, a damping resistor, and a saturable reactor installed in the stabilizing frame.
  • TCA thyristor
  • the stabilizing frame includes two insulating groove beams parallel to each other and a metal groove beam vertically disposed between the two insulating groove beams; the insulating groove beam is provided with a through hole penetrating through the metal, the metal The two ends of the channel beam respectively have mounting holes corresponding to the through holes, and the metal channel beams are fixed to the insulating channel beams by bolts penetrating the mounting holes and the through holes.
  • the saturable reactor is symmetrically installed between the metal channel beams on the inner side of the two ends of the stabilizing frame; two saturated reactors are disposed at each end, and each of the saturated reactors is respectively fixed to the two metal slots by bolts On the beam, the other side is provided with an end busbar;
  • a damping capacitor, a damping resistor, a branch water pipe, a thyristor (TCA) and a trigger plate parallel to the insulating channel beam are disposed in sequence from one side to the other side in a direction perpendicular to the insulating channel beam between the two ends of the saturable reactor;
  • the damper capacitor, the damper resistor, the thyristor (TCA) and the two ends of the trigger plate are respectively fixed on the metal channel beam by bolts;
  • the two ends of the branch water pipe are respectively fixed to the metal channel beam through the flange tube on;
  • the flanges of the two metal channel beams between the insulating channel beams are respectively welded to the plane perpendicular to the plane of the metal channel beam and the insulating channel beam, and the side wall of the flange tube is reserved for communication
  • the through hole of the branch water pipe, the two ends of the branch water pipe are respectively connected with the flange pipe on the two metal groove beams.
  • two upper and lower adjacent converter valve modules are connected at a short end through a main water pipe and an interlayer bus bar;
  • the main water pipe is a hose, and two ends of the main water pipe are respectively provided with a metal flange, and the two ends of the main water pipe are respectively connected with the flange pipes of the upper and lower two converter valve modules through a metal flange;
  • the two ends of the interlayer busbar are electrically connected to the end busbars of the upper and lower two converter valve modules, respectively.
  • a vertical square is also arranged between the upper and lower two adjacent converter valve modules.
  • the interlayer insulators are respectively provided with metal hangers on both sides of the interlayer insulators, and the metal hangers at both ends of the interlayer insulators are respectively connected to the metal channel beams of the upper and lower two converter valve modules through the connecting members.
  • the top shield and the bottom shield are each a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and an insulator support structure is longitudinally disposed in the shield, the insulator support structure includes two longitudinal angles parallel to each other and vertical welding.
  • a transverse angle steel between two longitudinal angles, the longitudinal angle steel is also welded with a support angle perpendicular to the plane of the longitudinal angle steel and the transverse angle steel, and the other end of the support angle steel is welded in the shield.
  • the top shield and the bottom shield are respectively connected to the converter valve modules at the upper and lower ends by a suspension insulator;
  • the two ends of the suspension insulator are respectively provided with metal hangers, and the suspension insulators connecting the top shield cover and the upper converter valve module respectively pass through the metal hangers at both ends thereof and the transverse and longitudinal angles in the top shield respectively.
  • the suspended insulator connecting the bottom shield and the lower converter valve module is respectively connected to the horizontal and vertical angle steels in the bottom shield and the metal channel beam of the lower end converter valve module through the metal hangers at both ends thereof.
  • the upper-end converter valve module is connected to the top shield through an interlayer busbar and a main water pipe at a short-distance end, and one end of the interlayer busbar is electrically connected to the upper-end converter valve module.
  • the other end is electrically connected to the top shield;
  • the main water pipe is overlapped in the top shield by a fixing member, one end of which is connected to the flange tube of the upper end converter valve module, and the other end is connected
  • the top shield is led out and connected to the external water cooling system;
  • the lower-end converter valve module is connected to the bottom shield through the interlayer busbar and the main water pipe at a short-distance end, and one end of the interlayer busbar is electrically connected to the end busbar of the lower-end converter valve module, and One end is electrically connected to the bottom shield; the main water pipe is overlapped in the bottom shield by a fixing member, one end of which is connected to the flange tube of the lower end converter valve module, and the other end is connected through the bottom shield cover and then connected External water cooling system.
  • the angle of inclination of the converter valve module with respect to the horizontal direction is 7 degrees to 10 degrees.
  • the high-voltage DC converter valve module is arranged at an angle to the horizontal plane, and the near-end of the layer is electrically and water-circuited.
  • the structure of the valve tower is more compact and compact, which effectively improves the space utilization of the converter valve and helps to save the valve hall. Land occupation cost;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional single-column valve tower of a high-voltage direct current transmission converter valve
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conventional double-column valve tower of a high-voltage direct current transmission converter valve
  • Figure 3 is a transformation diagram of the voltage across the thyristor element in the converter valve under the applied surge voltage of the existing single-row valve tower;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a single-row valve tower of a high-voltage direct current power transmission converter valve according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the shield of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the converter valve module of Figure 4.
  • the single-column valve tower of the high-voltage direct current transmission converter valve provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4, and is mainly composed of a top shield cover 1, a bottom shield cover 6, a converter valve module 3, a main water pipe 4, an interlayer busbar 5, and a layer.
  • the insulator 2 and the suspended insulator 12 are composed.
  • the top shield 1 and the bottom shield 6 function as a uniform electric field distribution and anti-electromagnetic interference, and the top shield 1 and the bottom shield 6 and the converter valve module 3 are connected by a suspension insulator 12, suspended
  • the metal hanger 7 at both ends of the insulator 12 is a coupling member.
  • the shield cover 9 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole. The sides and corners of the rectangular shield 9 are polished and arc-transformed, and the shield 9 is longitudinally disposed.
  • An insulator support structure is provided.
  • the insulator support structure comprises two parallel longitudinal angles 11 and a transverse angle 10 vertically welded between the two longitudinal angles 11. Further, the longitudinal angle 11 is welded to the longitudinal angle 11 and the transverse direction.
  • the supporting angle 8 of the plane of the angle steel 10, the other end of the supporting angle 8 is welded in the shield 9; in order to fix the insulator supporting structure and the suspended insulator 12, the transverse angle steel 10 and the longitudinal angle steel 11 of the insulator supporting structure are arranged Through holes, in particular, transverse angle steel 10 at the four corners of the insulator support structure and through holes are formed in the longitudinal angle steel 11,
  • a metal hanger 7 is respectively disposed at two ends of the suspension insulator 12, and a through hole is also disposed on the metal hanger 7 at both ends, and the metal hanger 7 at one end of the suspension insulator 12 is attached to the insulator support structure to make the metal hanger
  • the through hole on the seat 7 corresponds to the through hole of the insulator supporting structure, and is fixedly connected to the insulator supporting structure through a bolt penetrating the through hole.
  • the converter valve module 3 is the core part of the converter valve, and its structure is as shown in FIG. 6, which mainly includes the branch water pipe 16, the main water pipe 4, the trigger plate 20, the thyristor (TCA) 19, the damping capacitor 15, the damping resistor 17 and Saturated reactor 13, all devices are mounted on metal channel beams 18 and insulated channel beams
  • a shield cover 23 is disposed around the periphery of the stabilizing frame for ensuring the shielding effect on the electric field of the converter valve module 3.
  • the stabilizing frame is composed of two insulating groove beams 21 parallel to each other and a metal groove beam 18 vertically disposed between the two insulating groove beams 21.
  • the insulating groove beam 21 is provided with a transverse through hole, a metal groove beam
  • Each of the two ends of the 18 has a mounting hole corresponding to the through hole, and the two ends of the metal groove beam 18 respectively fit the inner sides of the two insulating groove beams 21, and the mounting holes correspond to the through holes on the insulating groove beam 21,
  • the metal channel beam 18 is fixed between the insulating channel beams 21 by bolts penetrating the mounting holes and the through holes.
  • the saturable reactors 13 are symmetrically mounted between the metal channel beams 18 on the inner sides of the two ends of the stabilizing frame; two saturated reactors 13 are disposed at each end, and each of the saturated reactors 13 is respectively fixed to the two metal channel beams by bolts. On the other side, an end busbar 14 is provided.
  • a damping capacitor 15 parallel to the insulating channel beam 21, a damping resistor 17, a branch water pipe 16, and a thyristor TCA 19 are fixed in order from the one side to the other side in a direction perpendicular to the insulating groove beam 21 between the both ends of the saturated reactor 13 And the trigger plate 20; wherein the two ends of the damping capacitor 15, the damping resistor 17, the thyristor TCA 19 and the trigger plate 20 are respectively fixed to the metal channel beam 18 by bolts.
  • Two of the metal channel beams 18 between the insulating channel beams 21 are respectively fixed with flange tubes 22 perpendicular to the plane of the metal channel beams 18 and the insulating channel beams 21, and the side walls of the flange tubes 22 are provided with connecting branches.
  • the through holes of the water pipe 16 and the two ends of the branch water pipe 16 are respectively connected to the two flange pipes 22.
  • the main water pipe 4 is a hose, and two ends thereof are respectively provided with a metal flange for connecting the branch water pipe 16 of the upper and lower adjacent converter valve modules 3, and the flange of the main water pipe 4 and the converter valve module 3
  • the flange tube 22 is connected at one end, and the flange at the other end is connected to one end of the flange tube 22 of the other converter valve module 3.
  • One end of the interlayer busbar 5 is connected to the end busbar 14 of the saturation reactor 13 at one end of the converter valve module 3, and the other end is connected to the end busbar 14 of the saturated reactor 13 at the end of the other converter valve module 3.
  • the converter valve module 3 is inclined at an angle to the horizontal plane (for example, 7°-10°), according to the layer
  • the distance between the long distance ends is continuously adjusted; the upper and lower adjacent converter valve modules 3 are connected at the close end through the main water pipe 4 and the interlayer busbar 5, so that the converter valve is folded like a folding ruler as a whole.
  • the adjacent two ends of the converter valve tower are equipotential ends, and the design value of the clearance is small, which effectively reduces the height of the valve tower, and the inclined valve module 3 is tilted to lower the valve tower.
  • the projected area effectively improves the space utilization of the converter valve tower; at the same time, the water circuit voltage distribution is consistent with the main circuit voltage distribution, realizing the natural pressure equalization of the waterway, and the potentials at both ends of the main water pipe 4 are consistent, and there is no creepage ratio requirement. And the leakage current problem; in addition, due to the small distance between the layers at the close end, the length of the inter-layer connection busbar is greatly shortened, and the inductance value is reduced to negligible, thereby fundamentally eliminating the possibility of high-frequency oscillation. .
  • the suspension load between the converter valve modules 3 is realized by the interlayer insulators 2.
  • the two ends of the interlayer insulators 2 are respectively provided with metal hangers 7, and the metal hangers 7 at the two ends are respectively connected with the upper and lower converter valve modules.
  • the metal channel beams 18 of 3 are connected by bolts.
  • the short-distance end busbars 14 of the single-row valve bottom converter valve module 3 are electrically connected to the bottom shield 6 via the interlayer busbar 5.
  • the proximal end flange tube 22 of the bottom end converter valve module 3 is connected to one end of the main water pipe 4, the main water pipe 4 is fixed in the bottom shield cover 6 through a mounting member, and the other end of the main water pipe 4 is connected to the water cooling system;
  • the close end end busbar 14 of the single row valve top end converter valve module 3 is electrically connected to the top shield 1 by an inter-layer busbar 5.
  • the proximal end flange tube 22 of the top converter valve module 3 is connected to one end of the main water pipe 4, and the main water pipe 4 is fixed in the top shield 1 by a mounting member, and the other end of the main water pipe 4 is connected to the water cooling system.
  • the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention makes the overall structure of the single-row valve tower of the high-voltage direct current transmission converter valve more compact and the layout is more reasonable by adopting the novel valve tower structure, and better solves the high frequency caused by the insulation of the cooling water channel and the inductance of the coupled busbar. Oscillation problem, reduce operational risk, meet the design requirements of (special) HVDC converter valve with higher voltage and current levels.

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Abstract

一种高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，包括水平设置的顶屏蔽罩（1）、底屏蔽罩（6）以及设于所述顶屏蔽罩（1）和所述底屏蔽罩（6）之间的换流阀，所述换流阀通过悬吊绝缘子（12）与所述顶屏蔽罩（1）以及所述底屏蔽罩（6）相连，所述换流阀由与水平方向呈倾斜角度的换流阀模块（3）在竖直方向以折尺的形式依次串接而成。高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔整体结构更加紧凑，布局更加合理，同时更好解决冷却水路绝缘以及联接母排电感引起的高频振荡问题，降低运行风险，满足更高电压电流水平的（特）高压直流输电换流阀设计要求。

Description

一种高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔 技术领域
本发明涉及一种阀塔，具体涉及一种高压直流输电换流阀折叠式单列阀塔。
背景技术
现代社会经济活动对电能需求的不断增长，促进了电力***结构和规模的持续演变。当前，为适应电力负荷、能源分布高度集中，大负荷地区能源资源短缺的特点，同时满足环境保护的要求，大规模清洁能源集中开发和远距离输送逐渐成为主流的能源开发利用方式。直流输电技术凭借其在电能远距离输送方面的经济优势和增强电网稳定性的技术优势，被广泛采用。
高压直流输电换流阀是高压直流输电***的核心设备，是保证***可靠运行的关键。由于目前高压直流输电线路输送容量不断提高，直流输电换流阀最大额定直流电压和直流电流分别达1100kV和6250A。电压和电流的大幅提升对直流输电换流阀设计带来了极大地挑战，其中换流阀结构设计问题尤为突出。
换流阀的结构设计是以电气设计为基础的，需要考虑元器件之间的过电压绝缘配合、可靠的机械强度、关键器件的良好散热和合理布局、元器件之间电气接线的可操作性和可靠性，同时考虑防火设计和电磁兼容要求。
目前，高压直流输电(HVDC，High-Voltage Direct Current)换流阀大多采用水冷却、空气绝缘、悬吊式模块化结构，且由于换流阀厅占地费用昂贵，阀塔结构越来越紧凑，图1和图2所示为目前直流输电工程常采用的单列阀塔和双列阀塔两种结构形式。
不论是单列阀塔还是双列阀塔，随着电压和电流的提升，一些电气和结构方面的问题将变得更加突出。第一，电压的提升要求换流阀耐压能力随之增大，换流阀元器件串联级数增加，换流阀模块尺寸及阀塔层间绝缘净距增大，客观上有要求换流阀外观尺寸随之增大的趋势，但是换流阀厅占地费用愈发昂贵，势必要求换流阀设计提高空间利用率，在满足换流阀绝缘要求的前提下尽量紧凑化，以降低阀厅面积占比。第二，换流阀层间主水管跨接于阀塔两层模块之间，其两端要承受换流阀的层间电压，电压提升会引起层间水管内漏电流的增大，影响层间电压的静态分布并在水管中金属接头部分产生电腐蚀，降低阀塔工作可靠性和寿命安全。第三，换流阀屏蔽***对电容分流作用导致换流阀层间电压分布不均匀，且阀塔尺寸及串联级数的增加会加剧这种不均匀程度。对于单列换流阀塔其阀模块，必须要并联组件均压电容才能平衡电压分布。但是，由于换流阀阀塔内起电气联接作用的层间母排具有一定的电感，在雷电波等高频冲击电压作用下，这部分电感和组件均压电容之间会产生高频振荡，导致换流阀中的晶闸管元件两端产生高频振荡电压，如图3所示。振荡电压峰值和高的电压变化率对晶闸管十分不利，严重时可以损毁成批晶闸管导致换流站停运。因此，必须采取特殊措施避免振荡发生。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中所存在的上述不足，本发明实施例提供了一种高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案是：一种高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，包括水平设置的顶屏蔽罩、底屏蔽罩以及设于所述顶屏蔽罩和所述底屏蔽罩之间的换流阀，所述换流阀通过悬吊绝缘子与所述顶屏蔽罩以及所述底屏蔽罩相连，所述换流阀由与水平方向呈倾斜角度的换流阀模块在竖直方向以折尺的形式依次串接而成。
作为一种实施方式，所述换流阀模块包括稳定框架和安装在所述稳定框架中的支路水管、主水管、触发板、晶闸管(TCA)、阻尼电容、阻尼电阻和饱和电抗器。
作为一种实施方式，所述稳定框架包括相互平行的两根绝缘槽梁和垂直设于两根绝缘槽梁之间的金属槽梁；所述绝缘槽梁上设置有横向贯穿的通孔，金属槽梁两端分别有与该通孔相对应的安装孔，所述金属槽梁通过贯穿所述安装孔和所述通孔的螺栓与所述绝缘槽梁固定。
作为一种实施方式，饱和电抗器对称安装在稳定框架两端内侧的金属槽梁之间；每端设置有两个饱和电抗器，每个饱和电抗器两侧分别通过螺栓固定在两根金属槽梁上，其另一侧设置有端母排；
两端饱和电抗器之间沿垂直于绝缘槽梁的方向从一侧向另一侧依次设置有平行于绝缘槽梁的阻尼电容、阻尼电阻、支路水管、晶闸管(TCA)和触发板；所述阻尼电容、所述阻尼电阻、所述晶闸管(TCA)和所述触发板的两端分别通过螺栓固定在金属槽梁上；所述支路水管两端分别通过法兰管固定在金属槽梁上；
所述绝缘槽梁之间的其中两根金属槽梁中部分别焊接有垂直于金属槽梁和绝缘槽梁所在平面的所述法兰管，所述法兰管的侧壁上留有用于连通所述支路水管的通孔，所述支路水管的两端分别与两根金属槽梁上的法兰管连通。
作为一种实施方式，上下两个相邻的换流阀模块在近距离端通过主水管和层间母排相连；
所述主水管为软管，其两端分别设置有金属法兰，所述主水管两端分别通过金属法兰与上下两个换流阀模块的法兰管相连通；
所述层间母排两端分别电气连接上下两个换流阀模块的端母排。
作为一种实施方式，上下两个相邻的换流阀模块之间还设置有竖直方 向的层间绝缘子，所述层间绝缘子两侧分别设置有金属吊座，所述层间绝缘子两端的金属吊座分别通过连接件与上下两个换流阀模块的金属槽梁连接。
作为一种实施方式，所述顶屏蔽罩以及所述底屏蔽罩均为长方体形，屏蔽罩内纵向设置有绝缘子支撑架构，所述绝缘子支撑架构包括两根相互平行的两根纵向角钢和垂直焊接在两根纵向角钢之间的横向角钢，所述纵向角钢上还焊接有垂直于纵向角钢和横向角钢所在平面的支撑角钢，所述支撑角钢的另一端焊接在屏蔽罩内。
作为一种实施方式，所述顶屏蔽罩以及所述底屏蔽罩分别通过悬吊式绝缘子与上、下两端的换流阀模块对应相连；
所述悬吊式绝缘子两端分别设置有金属吊座，连接顶屏蔽罩和上端换流阀模块的悬吊式绝缘子通过其两端金属吊座分别与所述顶屏蔽罩内的横、纵向角钢和上端换流阀模块的金属槽梁相连；
连接底屏蔽罩和下端换流阀模块的悬吊式绝缘子通过其两端金属吊座分别与所述底屏蔽罩内的横、纵向角钢和下端换流阀模块的金属槽梁相连。
作为一种实施方式，所述上端换流阀模块在近距离端通过层间母排和主水管与所述顶屏蔽罩相连，所述层间母排的一端电气连接所述上端换流阀模块的端母排，另一端电气连接所述顶屏蔽罩；所述主水管通过固定件搭接在所述顶屏蔽罩内，其一端连接所述上端换流阀模块的法兰管，另一端经顶屏蔽罩引出后连接外部水冷***；
所述下端换流阀模块在近距离端通过层间母排和主水管与所述底屏蔽罩相连，所述层间母排的一端电气连接所述下端换流阀模块的端母排，另一端电气连接所述底屏蔽罩；所述主水管通过固定件搭接在所述底屏蔽罩内，其一端连接所述下端换流阀模块的法兰管，另一端经底屏蔽罩引出后连接外部水冷***。
作为一种实施方式，所述换流阀模块与水平方向的倾斜角度为7度-10度。
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明实施例具有如下显著进步：
(1)高压直流换流阀模块与水平面成一定角度倾斜布置，层间近端进行电气和水路联接，阀塔结构更加简洁、紧凑，有效提高了换流阀空间利用率，有利于节约阀厅占地费用；
(2)换流阀水路与电气部分电位分布一致，实现自然均压，层间主水管两端不存在电位差，没有漏电流，消除了水路漏电流引起的层间静态均压及水路金属接头腐蚀等不利影响；
(3)层间母排长度大幅度缩小，极大降低了层间母排的杂散电感，在雷电等高频冲击电压下组件均压电容与层间母排之间的高频振荡不再发生，使换流阀晶闸管元件免受振荡电压峰值及高电压变化率的危害。
附图说明
图1为现有的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔的结构示意图；
图2为现有的高压直流输电换流阀双列阀塔的结构示意图；
图3为现有单列阀塔在外加冲击电压下，换流阀中晶闸管元件两端电压的变换图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔的结构示意图；
图5为图4中屏蔽罩的立体图；
图6为图4中换流阀模块的立体图。
其中1-顶屏蔽罩；2-层间绝缘子；3-换流阀模块；4-主水管；5-层间母排；6-底屏蔽罩；7-金属吊座；8-支撑角钢；9-屏蔽罩；10-横向角钢；11-纵向角钢；12-悬吊式绝缘子；13-饱和电抗器；14-端母排；15-阻尼电容；16-支路水管；17-阻尼电阻；18-金属槽梁；19-晶闸管TCA；20-触发板； 21-绝缘槽梁；22-法兰管；23-屏蔽罩。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明，下面结合说明书附图和实例对本发明的内容作进一步的说明。
本发明实施例提供的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔如图4所示，主要由顶屏蔽罩1、底屏蔽罩6、换流阀模块3、主水管4、层间母排5、层间绝缘子2和悬吊式绝缘子12组成。
顶屏蔽罩1以及底屏蔽罩6起均匀电场分布和抗电磁干扰作用，所述顶屏蔽罩1以及所述底屏蔽罩6和换流阀模块3之间通过悬吊式绝缘子12联接，悬吊式绝缘子12两端的金属吊座7为联接部件，如图5所述，屏蔽罩9整体为长方体形，该长方体形屏蔽罩9的边和角经打磨后以圆弧过渡，屏蔽罩9内纵向设置有绝缘子支撑架构，绝缘子支撑架构包括两根相互平行的纵向角钢11和垂直焊接在两根纵向角钢11之间的横向角钢10，另外在纵向角钢11上还焊接有垂直于纵向角钢11和横向角钢10所在平面的支撑角钢8，支撑角钢8的另一端焊接在屏蔽罩9内；为了将绝缘子支撑架构与悬吊式绝缘子12固定，在绝缘子支撑架构的横向角钢10和纵向角钢11上设置有通孔，尤其是绝缘子支撑架构四角处的横向角钢10和纵向角钢11上设置通孔，
悬吊式绝缘子12两端分别设置有金属吊座7，两端金属吊座7上也设置有通孔，将悬吊式绝缘子12一端的金属吊座7与绝缘子支撑架构贴合，使金属吊座7上的通孔与绝缘子支撑架构的通孔相对应，并通过贯穿通孔的螺栓与绝缘子支撑架构连接固定。
换流阀模块3是换流阀的核心部分，其结构如图6所示，主要包括支路水管16、主水管4、触发板20、晶闸管(TCA)19、阻尼电容15、阻尼电阻17和饱和电抗器13，所有器件均安装在由金属槽梁18和绝缘槽梁 21构成的稳定框架中，稳定框架***设置有屏蔽罩23，用于保证对换流阀模块3电场的屏蔽效果。
所述稳定框架由相互平行的两根绝缘槽梁21和垂直设于两根绝缘槽梁21之间的金属槽梁18共同组成，绝缘槽梁21上设置有横向贯穿的通孔，金属槽梁18两端分别有与该通孔相对应的安装孔，金属槽梁18两端分别与两根绝缘槽梁21的内侧相贴合，其安装孔与绝缘槽梁21上的通孔相对应，通过贯穿所述安装孔和所述通孔的螺栓将金属槽梁18固定在绝缘槽梁21之间。
饱和电抗器13对称安装在稳定框架两端内侧的金属槽梁18之间；每端设置有两个饱和电抗器13，每个饱和电抗器13两侧分别通过螺栓固定在两根金属槽梁18上，其另一侧设置有端母排14。
两端饱和电抗器13之间沿垂直于绝缘槽梁21的方向从一侧向另一侧依次固定有平行于绝缘槽梁21的阻尼电容15、阻尼电阻17、支路水管16、晶闸管TCA 19和触发板20；其中阻尼电容15、阻尼电阻17、晶闸管TCA 19和触发板20的两端分别通过螺栓固定在金属槽梁18上。
绝缘槽梁21之间的其中两根金属槽梁18上分别固定有垂直于金属槽梁18和绝缘槽梁21所在平面的法兰管22，法兰管22的侧壁上留有用于连接支路水管16的通孔，支路水管16的两端分别与两根法兰管22连通。
主水管4为软管，其两端分别设置有金属法兰，用于连通上下两个相邻的换流阀模块3的支路水管16，主水管4一端的法兰与换流阀模块3的法兰管22一端相连，其另一端的法兰与另一换流阀模块3的法兰管22一端相连。
层间母排5一端连接换流阀模块3一端饱和电抗器13的端母排14，其另一端连接另一换流阀模块3一端饱和电抗器13的端母排14。
换流阀模块3整体与水平面呈一定倾斜角度(例如7°-10°)，根据层 间远距离端绝缘净距要求连续调节；上下两个相邻的换流阀模块3在近距离端通过主水管4和层间母排5相连，使得换流阀整体像折尺一样呈折叠状。此种布置方式下，换流阀阀塔内部相邻两层近距离端为等电位端，净距设计值很小，有效降低了阀塔高度，同时换流阀模块3倾斜放置降低了阀塔投影面积，有效提高了换流阀塔空间利用率；同时水路电压分布与主电路电压分布一致，实现了水路自然均压，层间联接主水管4两端电位一致，不存在爬电比距要求和漏电流问题；另外，由于层间近距离端距离很小，极大缩短了层间联接母排的长度，其电感值降低至可以忽略不计，从根本上消除了高频振荡产生的可能性。
换流阀模块3之间的悬吊承重是通过层间绝缘子2来实现的，层间绝缘子2两端分别设置有金属吊座7，两端的金属吊座7分别与上下两个换流阀模块3的金属槽梁18通过螺栓连接。
单列阀塔底端换流阀模块3的近距离端端母排14通过层间母排5与底屏蔽罩6电气相连。底端换流阀模块3的近距离端法兰管22与主水管4的一端相连，该主水管4通过安装件固定在底屏蔽罩6内，主水管4的另一端与水冷***相连；
单列阀塔顶端换流阀模块3的近距离端端母排14通过层间母排5与顶屏蔽罩1电气相连。顶端换流阀模块3的近距离端法兰管22与主水管4的一端相连，该主水管4通过安装件固定在顶屏蔽罩1内，主水管4的另一端与水冷***相连。
为了满足换流阀模块3之间的折叠式连接，换流阀模块3内部只设置了单向支路水管16，水冷***供应的冷却水从底端换流阀模块3的主水管4进入阀塔，经阀塔顶端换流阀模块3的主水管4流回水冷***后再次冷却。
以上仅为本发明的实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在申请待 批的本发明的权利要求范围之内。
工业实用性
本发明实施例的技术方案通过采用新型阀塔结构，使高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔整体结构更加紧凑，布局更加合理，同时更好地解决冷却水路绝缘以及联接母排电感引起的高频振荡问题，降低运行风险，满足更高电压电流水平的(特)高压直流输电换流阀设计要求。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，包括水平设置的顶屏蔽罩、底屏蔽罩以及设于所述顶屏蔽罩和所述底屏蔽罩之间的换流阀，所述换流阀通过悬吊绝缘子与所述顶屏蔽罩以及所述底屏蔽罩相连，所述换流阀由与水平方向呈倾斜角度的换流阀模块在竖直方向以折尺的形式依次串接而成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    所述换流阀模块包括稳定框架和安装在所述稳定框架中的支路水管、主水管、触发板、晶闸管TCA、阻尼电容、阻尼电阻和饱和电抗器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    所述稳定框架包括相互平行的两根绝缘槽梁和垂直设于两根绝缘槽梁之间的金属槽梁；所述绝缘槽梁上设置有横向贯穿的通孔，金属槽梁两端分别有与该通孔相对应的安装孔，所述金属槽梁通过贯穿所述安装孔和所述通孔的螺栓与所述绝缘槽梁固定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    饱和电抗器对称安装在稳定框架两端内侧的金属槽梁之间；每端设置有两个饱和电抗器，每个饱和电抗器两侧分别通过螺栓固定在两根金属槽梁上，其另一侧设置有端母排；
    两端饱和电抗器之间沿垂直于绝缘槽梁的方向从一侧向另一侧依次设置有平行于绝缘槽梁的阻尼电容、阻尼电阻、支路水管、晶闸管TCA和触发板；所述阻尼电容、所述阻尼电阻、所述晶闸管TCA和所述触发板的两端分别通过螺栓固定在金属槽梁上；所述支路水管两端分别通过法兰管固定在金属槽梁上；
    所述绝缘槽梁之间的其中两根金属槽梁中部分别焊接有垂直于金属槽梁和绝缘槽梁所在平面的所述法兰管，所述法兰管的侧壁上留有用于连通 所述支路水管的通孔，所述支路水管的两端分别与两根金属槽梁上的法兰管连通。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    上下两个相邻的换流阀模块在近距离端通过主水管和层间母排相连；
    所述主水管为软管，其两端分别设置有金属法兰，所述主水管两端分别通过金属法兰与上下两个换流阀模块的法兰管相连通；
    所述层间母排两端分别电气连接上下两个换流阀模块的端母排。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    上下两个相邻的换流阀模块之间还设置有竖直方向的层间绝缘子，所述层间绝缘子两侧分别设置有金属吊座，所述层间绝缘子两端的金属吊座分别通过连接件与上下两个换流阀模块的金属槽梁连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    所述顶屏蔽罩以及所述底屏蔽罩均为长方体形，屏蔽罩内纵向设置有绝缘子支撑架构，所述绝缘子支撑架构包括两根相互平行的两根纵向角钢和垂直焊接在两根纵向角钢之间的横向角钢，所述纵向角钢上还焊接有垂直于纵向角钢和横向角钢所在平面的支撑角钢，所述支撑角钢的另一端焊接在屏蔽罩内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    所述顶屏蔽罩以及所述底屏蔽罩分别通过悬吊式绝缘子与上、下两端的换流阀模块对应相连；
    所述悬吊式绝缘子两端分别设置有金属吊座，连接顶屏蔽罩和上端换流阀模块的悬吊式绝缘子通过其两端金属吊座分别与所述顶屏蔽罩内的横、纵向角钢和上端换流阀模块的金属槽梁相连；
    连接底屏蔽罩和下端换流阀模块的悬吊式绝缘子通过其两端金属吊座 分别与所述底屏蔽罩内的横、纵向角钢和下端换流阀模块的金属槽梁相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    所述上端换流阀模块在近距离端通过层间母排和主水管与所述顶屏蔽罩相连，所述层间母排的一端电气连接所述上端换流阀模块的端母排，另一端电气连接所述顶屏蔽罩；所述主水管通过固定件搭接在所述顶屏蔽罩内，其一端连接所述上端换流阀模块的法兰管，另一端经顶屏蔽罩引出后连接外部水冷***；
    所述下端换流阀模块在近距离端通过层间母排和主水管与所述底屏蔽罩相连，所述层间母排的一端电气连接所述下端换流阀模块的端母排，另一端电气连接所述底屏蔽罩；所述主水管通过固定件搭接在所述底屏蔽罩内，其一端连接所述下端换流阀模块的法兰管，另一端经底屏蔽罩引出后连接外部水冷***。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的高压直流输电换流阀单列阀塔，其中：
    所述换流阀模块与水平方向的倾斜角度为7度-10度。
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CN108494270A (zh) * 2018-04-17 2018-09-04 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 一种避雷器内置的换流阀塔
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CN108695307A (zh) * 2018-04-17 2018-10-23 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 一种避雷器内置的换流阀模块
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